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Bari E, Far MG, Daniel G, Bozorgzadeh Y, Ribera J, Aghajani H, Hosseinpourpia R. Fungal behavior and recent developments in biopulping technology. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:207. [PMID: 38767733 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Biological pretreatment of wood chips by fungi is a well-known approach prior to mechanical- or chemical pulp production. For this biological approach, a limited number of white-rot fungi with an ability to colonize and selectively degrade lignin are used to pretreat wood chips allowing the remaining cellulose to be processed for further applications. Biopulping is an environmentally friendly technology that can reduce the energy consumption of traditional pulping processes. Fungal pretreatment also reduces the pitch content in the wood chips and improves the pulp quality in terms of brightness, strength, and bleachability. The bleached biopulps are easier to refine compared to pulps produced by conventional methodology. In the last decades, biopulping has been scaled up with pilot trials towards industrial level, with optimization of several intermediate steps and improvement of economic feasibility. Nevertheless, fundamental knowledge on the biochemical mechanisms involved in biopulping is still lacking. Overall, biopulping technology has advanced rapidly during recent decades and pilot mill trials have been implemented. The use of fungi as pretreatment for pulp production is in line with modern circular economy strategies and can be implemented in existing production plants. In this review, we discuss some recent advances in biopulping technology, which can improve mechanical-, chemical-, and organosolv pulping processes along with their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Bari
- Department of Wood Sciences and Engineering, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ghorbanian Far
- Department of Wood Sciences and Engineering, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Geoffrey Daniel
- Department of Forest Biomaterial and Technology/Wood Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Younes Bozorgzadeh
- Department of Wood Engineering and Technology, Gorgan University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 4913815739, Iran
| | - Javier Ribera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Hamed Aghajani
- Department of Forest Science and Engineering, Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseinpourpia
- Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Linnaeus University, Georg Lückligs Plats 1, 35195, Växjö, Sweden.
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
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Vasundhara M, Singh K, Suryanarayanan TS, Reddy MS. Alkaliphilic and thermostable lipase production by leaf litter fungus Leptosphaerulina trifolii A SMR-2011. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:264. [PMID: 38760519 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03997-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Fungi that inhabit fire-prone forests have to be adapted to harsh conditions and fungi affiliated to Ascomycota recovered from foliar litter samples were used for bioprospecting of molecules such as enzymes. Agni's fungi isolated from leaf litter, whose spores are capable of tolerating 110 oC were screened for thermostable lipases. One of the isolates, Leptosphaerulina trifolii A SMR-2011 exhibited high positive lipase activity than other isolates while screening through agar plate assay using Tween 20 in the medium. Maximum lipase activity (173.2 U/mg) of L. trifolii was observed at six days of inoculation and decreased thereafter. Among different oils used, the maximum lipase activity was attained by soybean oil (940.1 U/mg) followed by sunflower oil (917.1 U/mg), and then by mustard oil (884.8 U/mg), showing its specificity towards unsaturated fatty acids. Among the various organic nitrogen sources tested, soybean meal showed maximum lipase activity (985.4 U/mg). The partially purified enzyme was active over a wide range of pH from 8 to 12 with a pH optimum of 11.0 (728.1 U/mg) and a temperature range of 60-80 oC with an optimal temperature of 70 oC (779.1 U/mg). The results showed that lipase produced by L. trifolii is alkali stable and retained 85% of its activity at pH 11.0. This enzyme also showed high thermal stability retaining more than 50% of activity when incubated at 60 oC to 90 °C for 2 h. The ions Ca2+ and Mn2+ induced the lipase activity, while Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions lowered the activity compared to control. These results suggests that the leaf litter fungus L. trifolii serves as a potential source for the production of alkali-tolerant and thermostable lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mondem Vasundhara
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Kirti Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Trichur S Suryanarayanan
- Vivekananda Institute of Tropical Mycology (VINSTROM), Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600004, India
| | - Mondem Sudhakara Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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Ansari S, Aliasgharzad N, Sarikhani MR, Najafi N, Arzanlou M, Ölmez F. Nitrogen sources alter ligninase and cellulase activities of thermophilic fungi isolated from compost and vermicompost. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:323-332. [PMID: 37338677 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Fungi harboring lignocellulolytic activity accelerate the composting process of agricultural wastes; however, using thermophilic fungal isolates for this process has been paid little attention. Moreover, exogenous nitrogen sources may differently affect fungal lignocellulolytic activity. A total of 250 thermophilic fungi were isolated from local compost and vermicompost samples. First, the isolates were qualitative assayed for ligninase and cellulase activities using Congo red (CR) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as substrates, respectively. Then, twenty superior isolates harboring higher ligninase and cellulase activities were selected and quantitatively assayed for both enzymes in basic mineral (BM) liquid medium supplemented with the relevant substrates and nitrogen sources including (NH4)2SO4 (AS), NH4NO3 (AN), urea (U), AS + U (1:1), or AN + U (1:1) with final nitrogen concentration of 0.3 g/L. The highest ligninase activities of 99.94, 89.82, 95.42, 96.25, and 98.34% of CR decolorization were recorded in isolates VC85, VC94, VC85, C145, and VC85 in the presence of AS, U, AS + U, AN, and AN + U, respectively. Mean ligninase activity of 63.75% in superior isolates was achieved in the presence of AS and ranked the highest among other N compounds. The isolates C200 and C184 exhibited the highest cellulolytic activity in the presence of AS and AN + U by 8.8 and 6.5 U/ml, respectively. Mean cellulase activity of 3.90 U/mL was achieved in AN + U and ranked the highest among other N compounds. Molecular identification of twenty superior isolates confirmed that all of them are belonging to Aspergillus fumigatus group. Focusing on the highest ligninase activity of the isolate VC85 in the presence of AS, the combination can be recommended as a potential bio-accelerator for compost production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Ansari
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Aliasgharzad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Nosratollah Najafi
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Arzanlou
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatih Ölmez
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey
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Vong WC, Cerny C, Bodnar I, Azario MLO, de Boer P, Julsing M, Hugenholtz J, Xiang WJ, Ding YC, Roland WSU. High-throughput screening for aroma production in food fermentations. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113902. [PMID: 38225144 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
A microtiter plate (MTP) method was developed to screen 1064 unique microorganisms-substrate fermentations for production of 68 target aroma compounds. Based on the number of hits identified by GC-MS, 50 fermentations were repeated at 50-mL scale in flasks. Comparison of GC-MS data showed that scaling up from MTP to flask did not generally result in large differences between the volatile profiles, even with a wide variety of substrates (juice, food slurry and food side-streams) and microorganisms (yeast, bacteria and fungi) used. From the screening results, Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation of chilli pepper was further studied as a high amount of phenols, especially guaiacol and 4-ethylphenol, was produced after fermentation. From HPLC-MS and sensory analysis, capsaicin was shown to be a probable precursor for these phenols and a potential mechanism was proposed. The protocol described herein to screen aroma compounds from fermentation of agri-food products and side streams can support development of clean label flavourful food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weng Chan Vong
- Firmenich Aromatics (China) Co. Ltd., 3901 Jindu Road, Minhang District, 201108 Shanghai, China.
| | - Christoph Cerny
- Firmenich Aromatics (China) Co. Ltd., 3901 Jindu Road, Minhang District, 201108 Shanghai, China
| | - Igor Bodnar
- Firmenich S.A., Rue De La Bergere 7, Meyrin, Geneva CH-1217, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Lorenzo Ondino Azario
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paulo de Boer
- TNO Microbiology & Systems Biology, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Mattijs Julsing
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hugenholtz
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wen-Juan Xiang
- Firmenich Aromatics (China) Co. Ltd., 3901 Jindu Road, Minhang District, 201108 Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Chun Ding
- Firmenich Aromatics (China) Co. Ltd., 3901 Jindu Road, Minhang District, 201108 Shanghai, China
| | - Wibke Silke Ute Roland
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Chua RW, Song KP, Ting ASY. Antioxidant properties and L-asparaginase activities of endophytic fungi from Cymbidium orchids. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023:10.1007/s12223-023-01112-5. [PMID: 37995083 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
This study profiled the various endophytic fungi isolated from the orchid Cymbidium sp. and their L-asparaginase production and antioxidant potential. The L-asparaginase production was first screened through qualitative plate screening then quantified by the Nesslerization method. The antioxidant potential was quantified via the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. A total of 30 endophytic fungi were isolated and all fungal isolates exhibited various degrees of radical scavenging activities (45.28% to 76.4%). Isolate Lasiodiplodia theobromae (C11) had the highest antioxidant capacity, represented by the lowest IC50 value (5.75 mg/mL) and highest ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity value (12.17 mg/g). Additionally, 16 isolates produced L-asparaginase (53.33%), which includes primarily species of Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium fujikuroi, Fusarium incarnatum, and Fusarium oxysporum. A new isolate has also been discovered from Cymbidium orchid, Buergenerula spartinae (C28), which showed the highest L-asparaginase activity (1.736 unit/mL). These findings supported the postulation that medicinal species of Orchidaceae such as Cymbidium sp. harbor endophytes that are producers of L-asparaginase and antioxidants with various potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wei Chua
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Keang Peng Song
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Adeline Su Yien Ting
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Biermann R, Beutel S. Endospore production of Bacillus spp. for industrial use. Eng Life Sci 2023; 23:e2300013. [PMID: 37970521 PMCID: PMC10630785 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased occurrence of antibiotic resistance and the harmful use of pesticides are a major problem of modern times. A ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal breeding has put a focus on the probiotics market. Probiotic food supplements are versatile and show promising results in animal and human nutrition. Chemical pesticides can be substituted by biopesticides, which are very effective against various pests in plants due to increased research. What these fields have in common is the use of spore-forming bacteria. The endospore-forming Bacillus spp. belonging to this group offer an effective solution to the aforementioned problems. Therefore, the biotechnological production of sufficient qualities of such endospores has become an innovative and financially viable field of research. In this review, the production of different Bacillus spp. endospores will be reviewed. For this purpose, the media compositions, cultivation conditions and bioprocess optimization methods of the last 20 years are presented and reflected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riekje Biermann
- Institute of Technical ChemistryLeibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - Sascha Beutel
- Institute of Technical ChemistryLeibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
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Saad MM, Saad AM, Hassan HM, Ibrahim EI, Abdelraof M, Ali BA. Optimization of tannase production by Aspergillus glaucus in solid-state fermentation of black tea waste. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:73. [PMID: 38647901 PMCID: PMC10991964 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tannases are valuable industrial enzymes used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, leather manufacture and in environmental biotechnology. In this study, 15 fungal isolates were obtained from Egyptian cultivated soil and marine samples. The isolated fungi were qualitatively and quantitatively screened for their abilities to produce tannase. The selected fungal isolate NRC8 giving highest tannase activity was identified by molecular technique (18S rRNA) as Aspergillus glaucus. Among different tannin-containing wastes tested, the black tea waste was the best substrate for tannase production by Aspergillus glaucus in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Optimization of the different process parameters required for maximum enzyme production was carried out to design a suitable SSF process. Maximal tannase production was achieved with moisture content of 75%, an inoculums size of 6 × 108 spore/ml and sodium nitrate 0.2% (pH of 5.0) at 30 °C after 5 days of incubation. Box-Behnken experiment was designed to get a quadratic model for further optimization studies. Four-factor response-surface method with 27 runs was prepared using independent parameters including (moisture content %, initial pH, substrate concentration (g) and sodium nitrate concentration (g) for tannase model. The F- and P-values of the model were 4.30 and 0.002, respectively, which implied that the model is significant. In addition, the lack-of-fit was 1040.37 which indicates the same significance relative to the pure error. A. glaucus tannase was evaluated by the efficiency of conversion of tannic acid to gallic acid. Moreover, production of gallic acid from SSF process of A. glaucus using black tea waste was found to be 38.27 mg/ml. The best bioconversion efficiency was achieved at 40 °C with tannic acid concentration up to 200 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataza Mahmoud Saad
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelnaby Mahmoud Saad
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Helmy Mohamed Hassan
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman I Ibrahim
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Abdelraof
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Basant A Ali
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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Bouassida M, Mnif I, Hammami I, Triki MA, Ghribi D. Bacillus subtilis SPB1 lipopeptide biosurfactant: antibacterial efficiency against the phytopathogenic bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens and compared production in submerged and solid state fermentation systems. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1595-1609. [PMID: 37637836 PMCID: PMC10449737 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis SPB1 derived biosurfactants (BioS) proved its bio-control activity against Agrobacterium tumefaciens using tomato plant. Almost 83% of disease symptoms triggered by Agrobacterium tumefaciens were reduced. Aiming potential application, we studied lipopeptide cost-effective production in both fermentations systems, namely the submerged fermentation (SmF) and the solid-state fermentation (SSF) as well as the use of Aleppo pine waste and confectionery effluent as cheap substrates. Optimization studies using Box-Behnken (BB) design followed by the analysis with response surface methodology were applied. When using an effluent/sea water ratio of 1, Aleppo pine waste of 14.08 g/L and an inoculum size of 0.2, a best production yield of 17.16 ± 0.91 mg/g was obtained for the SmF. While for the SSF, the best production yield of 27.59 ± 1.63 mg/g was achieved when the value of Aleppo pine waste, moisture, and inoculum size were, respectively, equal to 25 g, 75%, and 0.2. Hence, this work demonstrated the superiority of SSF over SmF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Bouassida
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Plantes et Valorisation des Agro-Ressources, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
- Bioréacteur couple à un ultra filtre, Ecole Nationale D’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Inès Mnif
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
- Faculté des Sciences de Gabes, Université de Gabes, Gabes, Tunisie
| | - Ines Hammami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed-Ali Triki
- Institut de l’Olivier-Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education-Tunisia-Protection of Plants Researcher, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Dhouha Ghribi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Plantes et Valorisation des Agro-Ressources, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
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Tong Y, Guo H, Abbas Z, Zhang J, Wang J, Cheng Q, Peng S, Yang T, Bai T, Zhou Y, Li J, Wei X, Si D, Zhang R. Optimizing postbiotic production through solid-state fermentation with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens J and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SN4 enhances antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1229952. [PMID: 37744928 PMCID: PMC10512978 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1229952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postbiotics are an emerging research interest in recent years and are fairly advanced compared to prebiotics and probiotics. The composition and function of postbiotics are closely related to fermentation conditions. Methods In this study, we developed a solid-state fermentation preparation method for postbiotics with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The antibacterial activity was improved 3.62 times compared to initial fermentation conditions by using optimization techniques such as single factor experiments, Plackett-Burman design (PBD), steepest ascent method (SAM), and central composite design (CCD) methods. The optimized conditions were carried out with an initial water content of 50% for 8 days at 37°C and fermentation strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens J and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SN4 at a ratio of 1:1 with a total inoculum size of 8%. The optimized SSF medium content ratios of peptide powder, wheat bran, corn flour, and soybean meal were 4, 37.4, 30, and 28.6%, respectively. Results Under these optimized conditions, postbiotics with a concentration of 25 mg/mL showed significant broad-spectrum antibacterial capabilities against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus and strong antioxidant activity against ABTS, DPPH, and OH radicals. Moreover, the optimized postbiotics exhibited good anti-inflammatory ability for reducing nitric oxide (NO) secretion in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in response to LPS-induced inflammation. Furthermore, the postbiotics significantly improved intestinal epithelial wound healing capabilities after mechanical injury, such as cell scratches in IPEC-J2 cells (p < 0.05). Conclusion In brief, we developed postbiotics through optimized solid-state fermentation with potential benefits for gut health. Therefore, our findings suggested that the novel postbiotics could be used as potential functional food products for improving body health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Tong
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - He'nan Guo
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zaheer Abbas
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyong Wang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyue Peng
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Bai
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichen Zhou
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhuan Li
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xubiao Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dayong Si
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Parashiva J, Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Santhosh CR, Narendra Kumar HK, Satish S. Insights into diversity and L-asparaginase activity of fungal endophytes associated with medicinal plant Grewia hirsuta. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1573-1587. [PMID: 37480457 PMCID: PMC10484854 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase is used as one of the prime chemotherapeutic agents to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The present work aimed to study the endophytic fungal diversity of Grewia hirsuta and their ability to produce L-asparaginase. A total of 1575 culturable fungal endophytes belonging to four classes, Agaricomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Sordariomycetes, were isolated. The isolates were grouped into twenty-one morphotypes based on their morphological characteristics. Representative species from each group were identified based on their microscopic characteristics and evaluation of the ITS and LSU rDNA sequences. Most of the fungal endophytes were recovered from the leaves compared to other plant parts. Diaporthe sp. was the predominant genus with a colonization frequency of 8.62%. Shannon-Wiener index for diversity ranged from 2.74 to 2.88. All the plant parts showed similar Simpson's index values, indicating a uniform species diversity. Among the sixty-three fungal endophytes screened, thirty-two were identified as L-asparaginase-producing isolates. The enzyme activities of fungal endophytes estimated by the nesslerization method were found to be in the range of 4.65-0.27 IU/mL with Fusarium foetens showing maximum enzyme activity of 4.65 IU/mL. This study for the first time advocates the production of L-asparaginase from Fusarium foetens along with the endophytic fungal community composition of Grewia hirsuta. The results indicate that the fungal endophyte Fusarium foetens isolated in the present study could be a potent source of L-asparaginase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaraiah Parashiva
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - Bettadapura Rameshgowda Nuthan
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
- Department of Microbiology, Maharani's Science College for Women, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Department of Microbiology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Chandagalu Ramesh Santhosh
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | | | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
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Correia J, Borges A, Simões M, Simões LC. Beyond Penicillin: The Potential of Filamentous Fungi for Drug Discovery in the Age of Antibiotic Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1250. [PMID: 37627670 PMCID: PMC10451904 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are a staple in current medicine for the therapy of infectious diseases. However, their extensive use and misuse, combined with the high adaptability of bacteria, has dangerously increased the incidence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. This makes the treatment of infections challenging, especially when MDR bacteria form biofilms. The most recent antibiotics entering the market have very similar modes of action to the existing ones, so bacteria rapidly catch up to those as well. As such, it is very important to adopt effective measures to avoid the development of antibiotic resistance by pathogenic bacteria, but also to perform bioprospecting of new molecules from diverse sources to expand the arsenal of drugs that are available to fight these infectious bacteria. Filamentous fungi have a large and vastly unexplored secondary metabolome and are rich in bioactive molecules that can be potential novel antimicrobial drugs. Their production can be challenging, as the associated biosynthetic pathways may not be active under standard culture conditions. New techniques involving metabolic and genetic engineering can help boost antibiotic production. This study aims to review the bioprospection of fungi to produce new drugs to face the growing problem of MDR bacteria and biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Correia
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.B.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela Borges
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.B.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.B.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcia C. Simões
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory in Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Microelectromechanical Systems, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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12
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Lin CA, Cheng C, Chen LW, Chen CW, Duan KJ. Ethanol production using the whole solid-state fermented sugarcane bagasse cultivated by Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 supplemented with commercial cellulase. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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13
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Mattedi A, Sabbi E, Farda B, Djebaili R, Mitra D, Ercole C, Cacchio P, Del Gallo M, Pellegrini M. Solid-State Fermentation: Applications and Future Perspectives for Biostimulant and Biopesticides Production. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1408. [PMID: 37374910 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the expansion of the green products market and the worldwide policies and strategies directed toward a green revolution and ecological transition, the demand for innovative approaches is always on the rise. Among the sustainable agricultural approaches, microbial-based products are emerging over time as effective and feasible alternatives to agrochemicals. However, the production, formulation, and commercialization of some products can be challenging. Among the main challenges are the industrial production processes that ensure the quality of the product and its cost on the market. In the context of a circular economy, solid-state fermentation (SSF) might represent a smart approach to obtaining valuable products from waste and by-products. SSF enables the growth of various microorganisms on solid surfaces in the absence or near absence of free-flowing water. It is a valuable and practical method and is used in the food, pharmaceutical, energy, and chemical industries. Nevertheless, the application of this technology in the production of formulations useful in agriculture is still limited. This review summarizes the literature dealing with SSF agricultural applications and the future perspective of its use in sustainable agriculture. The survey showed good potential for SSF to produce biostimulants and biopesticides useful in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mattedi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Enrico Sabbi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Beatrice Farda
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Rihab Djebaili
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Debasis Mitra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj 733134, India
| | - Claudia Ercole
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Paola Cacchio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maddalena Del Gallo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marika Pellegrini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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Kang BR, Kim JJ, Hong JK, Schlosser D, Lee TK. Continuous operation of fungal wheel reactor based on solid-state fermentation for the removal of pharmaceutical and personal care products. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117316. [PMID: 36682276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wood-rotting fungi and their enzymatic systems represent promising biocatalysts for the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from wastewater. We designed a fungal wheel reactor (FWR) based on solid-state fermentation (SSF) of Trametes versicolor and a lignocellulosic substrate, which was used as an immobilization carrier for fungal biomass and the sole initial nutrient source for producing fungal oxidative enzymes. Three pharmaceutical and personal care products, acetaminophen, bisphenol A and carbamazepine, were spiked into the synthetic wastewater and the treatment was carried out under non-sterile conditions. Acetaminophen was completely removed from the FWR until laccase was observed. The acetaminophen removal efficiency was retrieved by replacing the fungal wheel with fresh SSF products. Bisphenol A and carbamazepine were removed via enzymatic activity and adsorption. When the fungal wheel was replaced, acetaminophen began to be completely removed, even after laccase depletion. The microbial community analysis indicated that the continuous removal of acetaminophen was mainly due to the high proportion of T. versicolor. The relative abundance of the co-occurring microbial community might be responsible for the divergence in acetaminophen removal between two of fungal wheel-replaced reactors. Overall, FWRs are promising tools for the removal of PPCPs by highly reactive enzymatic mechanisms as well as adsorption on the carrier surface. By replacing SSF and settled microbial communities, FWRs may continuously contribute to bioremediation over a long-term period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Kang
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ju Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyung Hong
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Dietmar Schlosser
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Tae Kwon Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea.
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Li C, Du X, Liu ZH, Li BZ, Meng X, Zhao J, Zhao ZM, Ragauskas AJ. Steam explosion pretreatment coupling high-temperature short-time sterilization facilitating cellulose degradation and sporulation-regulatory gene expression in high-solid fermentation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123475. [PMID: 36720325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Steam explosion coupling high-temperature short-time sterilization (SE-HTST) was exploited to modify cellulosic biomass medium properties and promote high-solid fermentation (HSF). Biomass characterization analysis showed that SE-HTST enlarged microstructural pores and cavities in solid media, providing more effective space for microbial growth. Meanwhile, SE-HTST helped to release glucose from the cellulose with 35.8 ± 4.5, 20.0 ± 2.3, and 12.3 ± 5.7 mg glucose/g dry medium at 24, 48, and 72 h of fermentation, which were 3.1, 2.3, and 1.5 times higher than that in medium from conventional thermal sterilization (CTS), respectively. SE-HTST increased the viable cell and spore number of Bacillus subtilis by 1.8 and 1.6 times at 72 h of fermentation compared to CTS. Moreover, the expressions of master transcriptional gene spo0A and the early sigma factors of sigF and sigE genes gradually increased in the SE-HTST medium, showing enhanced sporulation in HSF. Therefore, SE-HTST is an effective strategy for facilitating cellulose degradation, improving glucose nutrients in biomass medium, and promoting sporulation-regulatory gene expression during high-solid fermentation, which enhances the production of microbial ecological agents using B. subtilis significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonglei Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Wastes Reuse, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Wastes Reuse, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Ji Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Wastes Reuse, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Wastes Reuse, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States; Joint Institute of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States.
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States; Joint Institute of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States; Center for Renewable Carbon, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States.
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Muszyński S, Dajnowska A, Arciszewski MB, Rudyk H, Śliwa J, Krakowiak D, Piech M, Nowakowicz-Dębek B, Czech A. Effect of Fermented Rapeseed Meal in Feeds for Growing Piglets on Bone Morphological Traits, Mechanical Properties, and Bone Metabolism. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061080. [PMID: 36978621 PMCID: PMC10044281 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Quality feed is essential for correct bone development and proper functioning of animals. Post-weaned piglets experience a radical change in eating behaviour that can influence their feed intake. For this reason, functional feed additives and ingredients that can be used in post-weaning feeds are needed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of partially replacing wheat with rapeseed meal fermented using Bacillus subtilis strain 87Y on overall bone quality and bone metabolism in weaner piglets. From the 28th day of life, barrows were fed either a standard wheat-based diet or a diet containing 8% fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) with or without a feed additive containing enzymes, antioxidants, probiotics, and prebiotics. The experimental period lasted 60 days, after which femur quality indices were assessed. Differences in bone length and weight were observed, but there were no changes in bone mineralization or bone mid-diaphysis morphometrical traits between treatments. FRSM inclusion reduced bone mid-diaphysis biomechanical properties, but these changes were dependent on feed-additive supplementation. Analysis of the levels of serum bone turnover markers suggests the intensification of bone resorption in FRSM-fed groups as deoxypyridinoline levels increase. The results obtained warrant further research on what the disturbances in bone mechanical properties and metabolism observed in FRSM-fed weaners means for the subsequent fattening period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Aleksandra Dajnowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland (M.B.A.)
| | - Marcin B. Arciszewski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland (M.B.A.)
| | - Halyna Rudyk
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Śliwa
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland (M.B.A.)
| | - Dominika Krakowiak
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Piech
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland (M.B.A.)
| | - Bożena Nowakowicz-Dębek
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Environmental Hazards, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Czech
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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17
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Simultaneous lipase production and immobilization: morphology and physiology study of Penicillium simplicissimum in submerged and solid-state fermentation with polypropylene as an inert support. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 164:110173. [PMID: 36529062 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The influence of different carbon sources (glucose (G), olive oil (O), and a combination of both (GO)) in the physiology (biomass and lipase production) and morphology (light and environmental and scanning electron microscopy) of the fungus Penicillium simplicissimum by applying submerged (SmF) and solid-state (SSF) fermentations was investigated. The cultivation was carried out using polypropylene as hydrophobic inert support in SmF and SSF to understand better the influence of a support for the fungus growth and also provides the immobilization of lipases during its production. Micrographs show different morphologies: in SSF, the fungus grows on and inside the inert support independent of the media; in SmF, the formation of high-density spherical pellets obtained in medium GO leads to the best productivity and specific product yield Yp/x..Conidiation is observed mainly in SSF, a few in SmF with polypropylene as inert support and not in SmF, which may indicate a stress condition in SSF. Possibly, the morphology acquired by the fungus under stressful conditions may be the key to the higher biomass and lipase productivity at SSF. The developed process with simultaneous production and immobilization of lipase leads to a new promissory biocatalyst once it can be directly applied with no need for downstream processes.
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Pinheiro LZ, da Silva FF, Queiroz MSR, Aguieiras ECG, Cipolatti EP, da Silva AS, Bassut J, Seldin L, Guimarães DO, Freire DMG, de Souza ROMA, Leal ICR. Activity of endophytic fungi in enantioselective biotransformation of chiral amines: New approach for solid-state fermentation. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Adin SN, Gupta I, Panda BP, Mujeeb M. Monascin and ankaflavin-Biosynthesis from Monascus purpureus, production methods, pharmacological properties: A review. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:137-147. [PMID: 35353924 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Monascus purpureus copiously yields beneficial secondary metabolites , including Monascus pigments, which are broadly used as food additives, as a nitrite substitute in meat products, and as a colorant in the food industry. Monascus yellow pigments (monascin and ankaflavin) have shown potential antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antibiotic, anticancer, and antiobesity activities. Cosmetic and textile industries are other areas where it has established its potential as a dye. This paper reviews the production methods of Monascus yellow pigments, biosynthesis of Monascus pigments from M. purpureus, factors affecting yellow pigment production during fermentation, and the pharmacological properties of monascin and ankaflavin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Nashvia Adin
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Isha Gupta
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Bibhu Prasad Panda
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Mujeeb
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Solid-State Fermentation of Plant Feedstuff Mixture Affected the Physiological Responses of European Seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) Reared at Different Temperatures and Subjected to Salinity Oscillation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030393. [PMID: 36766282 PMCID: PMC9913833 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of plant feedstuff mixture (PFM) pre-treated by solid-state fermentation (SSF) on the physiological responses of European seabass. For that purpose, two diets were formulated to contain: 20% inclusion level of non-fermented plant ingredients mixture (20Mix) and 20Mix fermented by A. niger in SSF conditions (20Mix-SSF). Seabass juveniles (initial body weight: 20.9 ± 3.3 g) were fed the experimental diets, reared at two different temperatures (21 and 26 °C) and subjected to weekly salinity oscillations for six weeks. Growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, humoral immune parameters, and oxidative stress indicators were evaluated. A reduction in weight gain, feed intake, and thermal growth coefficient was observed in fish fed the fermented diet (20Mix-SSF). Salinity oscillation led to an increase in weight gain, feed efficiency, daily growth index, and thermal growth coefficient, regardless of dietary treatment. Higher rearing temperatures also increased daily growth index. No dietary effect was observed on digestive enzymes activities, whereas rearing temperature and salinity oscillation modulated digestive enzyme activities. Oxidative stress responses were significantly affected by experimental diets, temperature, and salinity conditions. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities showed an interactive effect. Fish reared at 21 °C showed higher enzymatic activity when fed the 20Mix-SSF. Conversely, fish reared at 26 °C showed higher GPx activity when fed the 20Mix diet. Fish reared at 26 °C showed reduced peroxidase and lysozyme activities, while salinity fluctuation led to increased lysozyme activity and decreased ACH50 activity. ACH50 activity increased in fish fed the 20Mix-SSF. Overall, the dietary inclusion of PFM fermented by A. niger was unable to mitigate the impact of environmental stress on physiological performance in European seabass. In fact, fermented feed caused an inhibition of growth performances and an alteration of some physiological stress indicators.
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Complementary Strategies to Unlock Biosynthesis Gene Clusters Encoding Secondary Metabolites in the Filamentous Fungus Podospora anserina. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:jof9010009. [PMID: 36675830 PMCID: PMC9864250 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The coprophilous ascomycete Podospora anserina is known to have a high potential to synthesize a wide array of secondary metabolites (SMs). However, to date, the characterization of SMs in this species, as in other filamentous fungal species, is far less than expected by the functional prediction through genome mining, likely due to the inactivity of most SMs biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) under standard conditions. In this work, our main objective was to compare the global strategies usually used to deregulate SM gene clusters in P. anserina, including the variation of culture conditions and the modification of the chromatin state either by genetic manipulation or by chemical treatment, and to show the complementarity of the approaches between them. In this way, we showed that the metabolomics-driven comparative analysis unveils the unexpected diversity of metabolic changes in P. anserina and that the integrated strategies have a mutual complementary effect on the expression of the fungal metabolome. Then, our results demonstrate that metabolite production is significantly influenced by varied cultivation states and epigenetic modifications. We believe that the strategy described in this study will facilitate the discovery of fungal metabolites of interest and will improve the ability to prioritize the production of specific fungal SMs with an optimized treatment.
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Effect of Microparticles on Fungal Fermentation for Fermentation-Based Product Productions. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ranging from simple food ingredients to complex pharmaceuticals, value-added products via microbial fermentation have many advantages over their chemically synthesized alternatives. Some of such advantages are environment-friendly production pathways, more specificity in the case of enzymes as compared to the chemical catalysts and reduction of harmful chemicals, such as heavy metals or strong acids and bases. Fungal fermentation systems include yeast and filamentous fungal cells based on cell morphology and culture conditions. However, filamentous fungal fermentation has gained attention in the past few decades because of the diversity of microbial products and robust production of some of the most value-added commodities. This type of fungal fermentation is usually carried out by solid-state fermentation. However, solid-state fermentation poses problems during the scale-up for industrial production. Therefore, submerged fermentation for value-added products is usually preferred for scaling-up purposes. The main problem with submerged fungal fermentation is the formation of complex mycelial clumps or pellets. The formation of such pellets increases the viscosity of the media and hinders the efficient transfer of oxygen and nutrient resources in the liquid phase. The cells at the center of the clump or pellet start to die because of a shortage of resources and, thus, productivity decreases substantially. To overcome this problem, various morphological engineering techniques are being researched. One approach is the use of microparticles. Microparticles are inert particles with various size ranges that are used in fermentation. These microparticles are shown to have positive effects, such as high enzyme productivity or smaller pellets with fungal fermentation. Therefore, this review provides a background about the types of microparticles and summarizes some of the recent studies with special emphasis on the fungal morphology changes and microparticle types along with the applications of microparticles in filamentous fungal fermentations.
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Rahman Z, Aeri V. Enhancement of lutein content in Calendula officinalis Linn. By solid-state fermentation with lactobacillus species. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:4794-4800. [PMID: 36276532 PMCID: PMC9579218 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05565-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calendula officinalis Linn contains the highest quantity of lutein in the orange variety of Calendula flowers. It has several benefits like; it protects the eyes from free radicals associated with UV rays on the eye retina. In the present work, we checked the enhancement of lutein content in C. officinalis flowers by solid-state fermentation examined by using four different species of Lactobacillus (L. rhamnosus, L. casei spp. casei, and L. plantrum). These microorganisms were isolated and allowed to ferment over the fresh (FC) and dried (DC) petals of C. officinalis for 10 days in the incubator. The fermented and non-fermented petals were extracted by the hexane extraction method and the presence of lutein was confirmed by HPLC technique, using a reversed-phase C18 column and gradient elution with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and methanol (40:60), flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and the UV detection at 446 nm. The highest amount of lutein (9.92 mg/g) was found in dried orange variety Calendula petals fermented by Lactobacillus rhamnosus. However, the orange variety of FC petals showed the highest concentration (40.66 mg/g) in Lactobacillus plantarum. Experiment results concluded that 1 kg of FC petals contains 4.0% of lutein fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum and 1 kg of DC petals contains 0.99% of lutein fermented by Lactobacillus rhamnosus compared with non-fermented and commercial lutein. The non-fermented FC and DC orange flowers contain 1.1% and 0.4% of lutein and commercial lutein contains 0.2%. The process mentioned above was also carried out using ethanol as the solvent for extraction, which showed satisfactory yield, 1 kg of fresh flowers of Calendula contains 0.43% of lutein fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum and 1 kg of DC contain 0.52% of lutein fermented by Lactobacillus rhamnosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuha Rahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Vidhu Aeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
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Wang L, Lin X, Zhou Y, Chen H. Porous inert material as promising carrier enhanced cellulase production from Trichoderma reesei in solid-state fermentation. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xin F, Wang R, Chang Y, Xie Z, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Song Y. Solid-state fermentation produces greater stearidonic acid levels in genetically engineered Mucor circinelloides. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:1617-1627. [PMID: 36067029 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important dietary components due to their health benefits and preventative role in cardiovascular disease. Fish-based and plant seed oils are rich in stearidonic acid (SDA; 18:4 n-3) which are readily metabolized into ω-3 PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid. However, these natural sources of SDA are generally low yielding and are unlikely to meet global demands, so new sustainable microbial fermentative sources of SDA need to be identified. Expression of delta15-desaturase in the oleaginous filamentous fungus Mucor circinelloides (McD15D) has been used to construct a recombinant SDA-producing McD15D strain that produces 5.0% SDA levels using submerged fermentation conditions. Switching to solid-state fermentation conditions in the same medium with submerged fermentation resulted in this engineered strain producing significantly higher amounts of SDA. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM) approach has been used to identify optimal glucose and ammonium tartrate concentrations and temperature levels to maximize SDA production. The use of these optimal solid-state fermentation conditions resulted in the spores and mycelium of the recombinant McD15D producing 19.5% (0.64 mg g-1 ) and 12.2% (1.52 mg g-1 ) SDA content respectively, which represents an overall increase in SDA yield of 188.0% when compared to SDA yields produced using submerged fermentation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xin
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China
| | - Yufei Chang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China
| | - Zhike Xie
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China
| | - Yanlei Zhao
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China
| | - Huaiyuan Zhang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China
| | - Yuanda Song
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China
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Souza KPS, Cunha MNC, Batista JMS, Oliveira VM, Nascimento TP, Conniff AES, Costa RMPB, Porto TS, Porto CS, Porto ALF. A novel collagenolytic protease from Mucor subtilissimus UCP 1262: Comparative analysis of production and extraction in submerged and stated-solid fermentation. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20201438. [PMID: 35830020 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to compare the production of collagenolytic proteases produced by M. subtilissimus UCP1262 in submerged fermentation (SF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) as well as extracting in aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). Collagenolytic protease production was performed in using MS-2 culture medium (SF) and soybean bran as substrate (SSF). Subsequently, the fermented liquid from both fermentations were used for the extraction of enzyme by ATPS, it was verified the influence of different variables from a factorial design 23. In SSF the highest protease and collagenolytic activities were achieved with 362.66 U/mL and 179.81 U/mL, respectively. When compared with SF (26.33 and 18.70 U/mL) higher values were obtained in the activities. The protease partitioning from SF and SSF in ATPS showed a similar profile showing higher affinity for the polymer rich phase. The highest value for the response variable purification factor (3.49) was obtained in the system using SSF. Thus, SSF shows promise as a bioprocess for extracellular production of collagenolytic proteases, using of soybean bran as substrate had used sustainable raw material, aiming application this possible enzyme in the treatment of burns and postoperative scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kessia P S Souza
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bioativos, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Márcia N C Cunha
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bioativos, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Juanize M S Batista
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bioativos, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Vagne M Oliveira
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bioativos, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Thiago P Nascimento
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, BR-135, Km 3, Planalto Horizonte, 64900-000 Bom Jesus, PI, Brazil
| | - Amanda E S Conniff
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, 33620, E Fowler Ave Tampa, 4202, Florida, United States
| | - Romero M P B Costa
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Avanços em Biotecnologia e Proteína (LABIOPROT), Rua Arnóbio Marquês, 310, Santo Amaro, 50100-130 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Tatiana S Porto
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bioativos, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Camila S Porto
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Unidade Penedo, Av. Beira Rio, s/n, Centro, 57200-000 Penedo, AL, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia F Porto
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bioativos, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
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27
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Lajtai-Szabó P, Hülber-Beyer É, Nemestóthy N, Bélafi-Bakó K. The role of physical support in secondary metabolite production by Streptomyces species. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Application of solid-state fermentation by microbial biotechnology for bioprocessing of agro-industrial wastes from 1970 to 2020: A review and bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09173. [PMID: 35368548 PMCID: PMC8971590 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the pertinent literature from 1970 to 2020 and presents a bibliometric analysis of research trends in the application of solid-state fermentation in the bioprocessing of agro-industrial wastes. A total 5630 publications of studies on solid-state fermentation that comprised of 5208 articles (92.50%), 340 book chapters (6.04%), 39 preprints (0.69%), 32 proceedings (0.56%), 8 edited books (0.14%) and 3 monographs (0.05%) were retrieved from Dimensions database. A review of the literature indicated that (i) fermentation of solid substrates is variously defined in the literature over the past 50 years, where "solid-state fermentation" is the most dominant research term used, and (ii) key products derived from the valorization of agro-industrial wastes through solid-state fermentation include, among others, enzymes, antioxidants, animal feed, biofuel, organic acids, biosurfactants, etc. Bibliometric analyses with VOSviewer revealed an astronomic increase in publications between 2000 and 2020, and further elucidated the most frequently explored core research topics, the most highly cited publications and authors, and countries/regions with the highest number of citations. The most cited publication between 2010 and 2020 had 382 citations compared to 725 citations for the most cited publication from 1970 to 2020. Ashok Pandey from India was the most published and cited author with 123 publications and 8,613 citations respectively; whereas Bioresource Technology was the most published and cited journal with 233 publications and 12,394 citations. Countries with the most publications and citations are Brazil, France, India, and Mexico. These findings suggest that research in the application of solid-state fermentation for bioprocessing of agro-industrial wastes has gained prominence over the past 50 years. Future perspectives and implications are discussed.
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Lim J, Nguyen TTH, Pal K, Gil Kang C, Park C, Kim SW, Kim D. Phytochemical properties and functional characteristics of wild turmeric ( Curcuma aromatica) fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100198. [PMID: 35499023 PMCID: PMC9039939 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild turmeric (Curcuma aromatica) was fermented with R. oligosporus. Curcuminoid fermented for 5 days and phenolic compound of all fermented wild turmeric increased. The l-carnitine content of fermented wild turmeric was newly synthesized. The antioxidant activities were enhanced 1.47-fold after fermentation for 3 days. Anti-inflammatory, anti-melanogenic, and anti-obesity effects improved with fermentation.
This study investigated the effect of solid-state fermentation of wild turmeric (Curcuma aromatica) with Rhizopus oligosporus, a common fungus found in fermented soy tempeh, on phytochemical and biological properties. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry showed that fermented wild turmeric has higher concentrations of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, phenolic compounds and total flavonoid-curcuminoid after fermentation for 1-, 3-, and 5-day relative to non-fermented turmeric. The l-carnitine content reached 242 µg g−1 extract after fermentation for 7-day. Wild turmeric had 1.47- and 2.25-fold increases in ORAC and FRAP, respectively, after 3-day fermentation. The inhibitory effects of fermented wild turmeric on lipid accumulation from 3T3-L1 cells, nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages, and melanin formation by B16F10 mouse melanoma cells with α-MSH increased 1.08-, 1.44-, and 1.52-fold, respectively, after 3-day fermentation. Based on these results, fermented wild turmeric product can be used as a functional ingredient in the cosmeceutical and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Lim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, South Korea
| | - Thi Thanh Hanh Nguyen
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bioscience and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, South Korea
| | - Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Choon Gil Kang
- Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 14060, South Korea
| | - Chanho Park
- Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 14060, South Korea
| | - Seung Wook Kim
- Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 14060, South Korea
| | - Doman Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, South Korea.,Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bioscience and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, South Korea
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Aldrich LN, Burdette JE, de Blanco EC, Coss CC, Eustaquio AS, Fuchs JR, Kinghorn AD, MacFarlane A, Mize B, Oberlies NH, Orjala J, Pearce CJ, Phelps MA, Rakotondraibe LH, Ren Y, Soejarto DD, Stockwell BR, Yalowich JC, Zhang X. Discovery of Anticancer Agents of Diverse Natural Origin. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:702-719. [PMID: 35213158 PMCID: PMC9034850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Research progress from mainly over the last five years is described for a multidisciplinary collaborative program project directed toward the discovery of potential anticancer agents from a broad range of taxonomically defined organisms. Selected lead compounds with potential as new antitumor agents that are representative of considerable structural diversity have continued to be obtained from each of tropical plants, terrestrial and aquatic cyanobacteria, and filamentous fungi. Recently, a new focus has been on the investigation of the constituents of U.S. lichens and their fungal mycobionts. A medicinal chemistry and pharmacokinetics component of the project has optimized structurally selected lead natural products, leading to enhanced cytotoxic potencies against selected cancer cell lines. Biological testing has shown several compounds to have in vivo activity, and relevant preliminary structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action studies have been performed. Several promising lead compounds worthy of further investigation have been identified from the most recent collaborative work performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie N. Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | | | - Christopher C. Coss
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Alessandra S. Eustaquio
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Amanda MacFarlane
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Brittney Mize
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 24702, United States
| | - Jimmy Orjala
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Mitch A. Phelps
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Yulin Ren
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Djaja Doel Soejarto
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jack C. Yalowich
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Optimisation of Xylanase–Pectinase Cocktail Production with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ADI2 Using a Low-Cost Substrate via Statistical Strategy. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An effective statistical tool for increasing and boosting the production of xylanase and pectinase by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ADI2 during submerged fermentation (SmF) appears to be the response of surface methodology (RSM) using the central composite design (CCD). Optimum production was achieved under fermentation conditions of a temperature of 28 °C, pH of 8.38, inoculum size of 4% (w/v) and agitation speed of 94 rpm for 48 h. The experimental responses demonstrated a near agreement with the expected responses under optimum conditions of independent variables, suggesting the model’s validity. The optimised CCD model had a 1.34-fold, 159 ± 6 U/mL greater xylanase and 5.96-fold, 205 ± 9 U/mL greater pectinase production than the one factor at a time (OFAT) approach. The production of concurrent enzymes of xylanase–pectinase resulted in a ratio of 1:1.3.
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González-Rodríguez S, Lu-Chau TA, Trueba-Santiso A, Eibes G, Moreira MT. Bundling the removal of emerging contaminants with the production of ligninolytic enzymes from residual streams. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1299-1311. [PMID: 35075520 PMCID: PMC8816780 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Enzymes offer interesting features as biological catalysts for industry: high specificity, activity under mild conditions, accessibility, and environmental friendliness. Being able to produce enzymes in large quantities and having them available in a stable and reusable form reduces the production costs of any enzyme-based process. Agricultural residues have recently demonstrated their potential as substrates to produce ligninolytic enzymes by different white rot fungi. In this study, the biotechnological production of a manganese peroxidase (MnP) by Irpex lacteus was conducted through solid-state fermentation (SSF) with wheat straw as substrate and submerged fermentation (SmF) employing wheat straw extract (WSE). The obtained enzyme cocktail also showed manganese-independent activity (MiP), related to the presence of a short MnP and a dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP) which was confirmed by shotgun proteomic analyses. In view of the enhanced production of ligninolytic enzymes in SmF, different parameters such as WSE concentration and nitrogen source were evaluated. The highest enzyme titers were obtained with a medium formulated with glucose and peptone (339 U/L MnP and 15 U/L MiP). The scale-up to a 30 L reactor achieved similar activities, demonstrating the feasibility of enzyme production from the residual substrate at different production scales. Degradation of five emerging pollutants was performed to demonstrate the high oxidative capacity of the enzyme. Complete removal of hormones and bisphenol A was achieved in less than 1 h, whereas almost 30% degradation of carbamazepine was achieved in 24 h, which is a significant improvement compared to previous enzymatic treatments of this compound. Key points • Wheat straw extract is suitable for the growth of I. lacteus. • The enzyme cocktail obtained allows the degradation of emerging contaminants. • Mn-dependent and Mn-independent activities increases the catalytic potential. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-11776-7.
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Liu L, Wang Z. Azaphilone alkaloids: prospective source of natural food pigments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 106:469-484. [PMID: 34921328 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Azaphilone, biosynthesized by polyketide synthase, is a class of fungal metabolites. In this review, after brief introduction of the natural azaphilone diversity, we in detail discussed azaphilic addition reaction involving conversion of natural azaphilone into the corresponding azaphilone alkaloid. Then, setting red Monascus pigments (a traditional food colorant in China) as example, we presented a new strategy, i.e., interfacing azaphilic addition reaction with living microbial metabolism in a one-pot process, to produce azaphilone alkaloid with a specified amine residue (red Monascus pigments) during submerged culture. Benefit from the red Monascus pigments with a specified amine residue, the influence of primary amine on characteristics of the food colorant was highlighted. Finally, the progress for screening of alternative azaphilone alkaloids (production from interfacing azaphilic addition reaction with submerged culture of Talaromyces sp. or Penicillium sp.) as natural food colorant was reviewed. KEY POINTS: • Azaphilic addition reaction of natural azaphilone is biocompatible • Red Monascus pigment is a classic example of azaphilone alkaloids • Azaphilone alkaloids are alterative natural food colorant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Aspergillus oryzae Grown on Rice Hulls Used as an Additive for Pretreatment of Starch-Containing Wastewater from the Pulp and Paper Industry. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
From an industrial point of view, the use of microorganisms as a wastewater bioremediation practice represents a sustainable and economic alternative for conventional treatments. In this work, we investigated the starch bioremediation of paper mill wastewater (PMW) with Aspergillus oryzae. This amylase-producing fungus was tested in submerged fermentation technology (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) on rice hulls. The tests were conducted to assay the concentration of the reducing sugars on paper mill wastewater. The bioremediation of starch in the wastewater was carried out by A. oryzae, which proved capable of growing in this complex media as well as expressing its amylase activity.
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35
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Degradation activity of fungal communities on avocado peel (Persea americana Mill.) in a solid-state process: mycobiota successions and trophic guild shifts. Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:2. [PMID: 34870719 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
To explore the capability of soil mycobiota to degrade avocado peel waste and identify relevant successions and trophic guild shifts, fungal communities from three environments with different land uses were evaluated in a solid-state process. Soil samples used as inoculum were collected from a pristine mature tropical forest, a traditionally managed Mayan land, and an intensively managed monospecific avocado plantation. Soil-substrate mixes were evaluated for 52 weeks to evaluate organic matter decay and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. Amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing from internally transcribed spacer (ITS) analysis revealed significant differences in fungal communities widely dominated by Fusarium sp. and Clonostachys sp.; however, less represented taxa showed relevant shifts concomitantly with organic matter content drops. Trophic guild assignment revealed different behaviors in fungal communities between treatments over the 52 weeks, suggesting distinct preconditioning of fungal communities in these environments. Overall, the results lead to the identification of promising degradation moments and inoculum sources for further consortia enrichment or bioprospecting efforts.
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Xia Y, Zhou X, Liang L, Liu X, Li H, Xiong Z, Wang G, Song X, Ai L. Genetic evidence for the requirements of antroquinonol biosynthesis by Antrodia camphorata during liquid-state fermentation. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 49:6428402. [PMID: 34791342 PMCID: PMC9113095 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The solid-state fermentation of Antrodia camphorata could produce a variety of ubiquinone compounds, such as antroquinonol (AQ). However, AQ is hardly synthesized during liquid-state fermentation (LSF). To investigates the mechanism of AQ synthesis, three precursors (ubiquinone 0 UQ0, farnesol and farnesyl diphosphate FPP) were added in LSF. The results showed that UQ0 successfully induced AQ production; however, farnesol and FPP could not induce AQ synthesis. The precursor that restricts the synthesis of AQ is the quinone ring, not the isoprene side chain. Then, the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of A. camphorata was established and the genes for quinone ring modification (coq2-6) and isoprene synthesis (HMGR, fps) were overexpressed. The results showed that overexpression of genes for isoprene side chain synthesis could not increase the yield of AQ, but overexpression of coq2 and coq5 could significantly increase AQ production. This is consistent with the results of the experiment of precursors. It indicated that the A. camphorata lack the ability to modify the quinone ring of AQ during LSF. Of the modification steps, prenylation of UQ0 is the key step of AQ biosynthesis. The result will help us to understand the genetic evidence for the requirements of AQ biosynthesis in A. camphorata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lihong Liang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Guangqiang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xin Song
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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37
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Duong HL, Paufler S, Harms H, Maskow T, Schlosser D. Applicability and information value of biocalorimetry for the monitoring of fungal solid-state fermentation of lignocellulosic agricultural by-products. N Biotechnol 2021; 66:97-106. [PMID: 34767975 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The applicability of biocalorimetry for monitoring fungal conversion of lignocellulosic agricultural by-products during solid-state fermentation (SSF) was substantiated through linking the non-invasive measurement of metabolic heat fluxes to conventional invasive determination of fungal activity (growth, substrate degradation, enzyme activity) parameters. For this, the fast-growing, cellulose-utilising ascomycete Stachybotrys chlorohalonata and the comparatively slow-growing litter-decay basidiomycete Stropharia rugosoannulata were investigated as model organisms during growth on solid wheat straw. Both biocalorimetric and non-calorimetric data may suggest R (ruderal)- and C (combative)-selected life history strategies in S. chlorohalonata and S. rugosoannulata, respectively. For both species, a strong linear correlation of the released metabolic heat with the corresponding fungal biomass was observed. Species-specific YQ/X values (metabolic heat released per fungal biomass unit) were obtained, which potentially enable use of biocalorimetric signals for the quantification of fungal biomass during single-species SSF processes. Moreover, YQ/X values may also indicate different fungal life history strategies and therefore be considered as useful parameters aiding fungal ecology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu Linh Duong
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Vietnamese-German University (VGU), Le Lai Street, Hoa Phu Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Viet Nam.
| | - Sven Paufler
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hauke Harms
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Thomas Maskow
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Dietmar Schlosser
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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Sucrose Hydrolysis in a Continuous Packed-Bed Reactor with Auto-immobilise Aspergillus niger Biocatalyst Obtained by Solid-State Fermentation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:1327-1339. [PMID: 34699041 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03737-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Invertase from Aspergillus niger C28B25 was produced by solid-state fermentation (SSF). Fermented solids were used directly as a biocatalyst for batch and continuous hydrolysis of sucrose in a packed-bed reactor under different operational conditions with various temperatures, sucrose concentrations, and feed flow rates. The SSF allowed obtaining a biocatalyst with an invertase activity of 82.2 U/g db. The biocatalyst maintained its activity in the range of 40 to 70 °C for at least 70 h of continuous operation. In a 20-mL packed bed reactor, the highest hydrolysis rate (12.3 g/g db h) was obtained at 40 °C with 2 M sucrose. Continuous hydrolysis in 20-mL and 200-mL reactors at 60 °C led to sucrose hydrolysis above 60% (8.5 residence times) and above 55% (4.5 residence times), respectively. The auto-immobilised biocatalyst produced by SSF without recovery, purification, and immobilisation stages offers an economical alternative for developing accessible biocatalysts that can be applied in batch or continuous sucrose hydrolysis processes. This study shows the potential of biocatalyst production by SSF for other enzymatic systems.
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Arya PS, Yagnik SM, Rajput KN, Panchal RR, Raval VH. Understanding the Basis of Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Implications of Thermostable Alkaline Proteases. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:4113-4150. [PMID: 34648116 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The group of hydrolytic enzymes synonymously known as proteases is predominantly most favored for the class of industrial enzymes. The present work focuses on the thermostable nature of these proteolytic enzymes that occur naturally among mesophilic and thermophilic microbes. The broad thermo-active feature (40-80 °C), ease of cultivation, maintenance, and bulk production are the key features associated with these enzymes. Detailing of contemporary production technologies, and controllable operational parameters including the purification strategies, are the key features that justify their industrial dominance as biocatalysts. In addition, the rigorous research inputs by protein engineering and enzyme immobilization studies add up to the thermo-catalytic features and application capabilities of these enzymes. The work summarizes key features of microbial proteases that make them numero-uno for laundry, biomaterials, waste management, food and feed, tannery, and medical as well as pharmaceutical industries. The quest for novel and/or designed and engineered thermostable protease from unexplored sources is highly stimulating and will address the ever-increasing industrial demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant S Arya
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Shivani M Yagnik
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Kiransinh N Rajput
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Rakeshkumar R Panchal
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Vikram H Raval
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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40
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Omar AE, Al-Khalaifah HS, Ismail TA, Abd El-Aziz RM, El-Mandrawy SAM, Shalaby SI, Ibrahim D. Performance, Serum Biochemical and Immunological Parameters, and Digestive Enzyme and Intestinal Barrier-Related Gene Expression of Broiler Chickens Fed Fermented Fava Bean By-Products as a Substitute for Conventional Feed. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:696841. [PMID: 34336981 PMCID: PMC8319473 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.696841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the nutritional quality of unconventional feed ingredients such as fava bean by-products can enhance their utilization by broiler chickens. Hence, the quality of fermented fava bean by-products (FFB), in addition to growth, nutrient digestibility, digestive enzyme, and intestinal barrier-related gene expression, and serum biochemical and immunological parameters were evaluated in response to different levels of FFB. A total of 500 1-day-old broiler chicks (46.00 ± 0.388 g) were allocated to five groups with 10 replicates each (100 chicks per treatment). The first group was fed a corn-soybean diet (control diet), and the other four groups were fed a diet containing 5, 15, 25, and 35% FFB for 38 days. Birds fed 25% FFB exhibited maximum body weight gain (increase by 12.5%, compared with the control group) and the most improved feed conversion ratio. Additionally, birds fed FFB at 15, 25, and 35% showed improved dry matter and crude protein digestibility. Moreover, birds fed FFB at 25 and 35% exhibited a decrease in ileal pH and an increase in fiber digestibility (p < 0.05). Upregulation of digestive enzyme genes (AMY2A, PNLIP, and CCK) was observed in groups fed with FFB. The most prominent upregulation of genes encoding tight junction proteins (claudin-1, occludin, and junctional adhesion molecules) in the duodenum was observed in chicks fed 25 and 35% FFB (increase of 0.66-, 0.31-, and 1.06-fold and 0.74-, 0.44-, and 0.92-fold, respectively). Additionally, the highest expression level of enterocyte protective genes [glucagon-like peptide (GLP-2), mucin-2 (MUC-2), and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP-6)] was detected in duodenum of chicks fed high levels of FFB. Substitution of corn-soybean diet with FFB had an inhibitory effect on cecal pathogenic microbes (Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens) and increased beneficial microflora (Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium), especially at high levels. Additionally, an increase was observed in IgM and lysozyme activity, with no effect on IgA in all groups fed FFB. All levels of FFB decreased cholesterol levels. Based on our results, we concluded that substitution of corn-soybean diet with FFB can improve the growth rate and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens, enhance their intestinal barrier functions, and increase the number of beneficial microorganisms. Using FFB at 25% had a positive effect on the growth performance of broiler chickens, and it could be utilized in poultry farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaam E Omar
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hanan S Al-Khalaifah
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Tamer Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda M Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shefaa A M El-Mandrawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shymaa I Shalaby
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ibrahim
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Debnath R, Das S, Mukhopadhyay A, Saha T. Enrichment of laccase production by Phoma herbarum isolate KU4 under solid-state fermentation by optimizing RSM coefficients using genetic algorithm. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:515-528. [PMID: 34263965 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The process parameters were optimized to obtain enhanced enzyme activity from the fungus Phoma herbarum isolate KU4 using rice straw and saw dust as substrate under solid-state fermentation using Response surface methodology (RSM). Genetic algorithm was used to validate the RSM for maximum laccase production. Six variables, viz., pH of the media, initial moisture content, copper sulphate concentration, concentration of tannic acid, inoculum concentration and incubation time were found to be effective and optimized for enhanced production. Maximum laccase production was achieved by RSM at pH 5·0 and 86% of initial moisture content of the culture medium, 150 µmol l-1 of CuSO4 , 1·5% tannic acid and 0·128 g inoculum g-1 dry substrate inoculum size on the fourth day of fermentation. The highest laccase activity was observed as 79 008 U g-1 , which is approximately sixfold enhanced production compared to the unoptimized condition (12 085·26 U g-1 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Debnath
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - S Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - A Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology & Management, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - T Saha
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
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A Review of the Effects and Production of Spore-Forming Probiotics for Poultry. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071941. [PMID: 34209794 PMCID: PMC8300232 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Spore-forming probiotics are widely used in the poultry industry for their beneficial impact on host health. The main feature that separates spore-forming probiotics from the more common lactic acid probiotics is their high resistance to external and internal factors, resulting in higher viability in the host and correspondingly, greater efficiency. Their most important effect is the ability to confront pathogens, which makes them a perfect substitute for antibiotics. In this review, we cover and discuss the interactions of spore-forming probiotic bacteria with poultry as the host, their health promotion effects and mechanisms of action, impact on poultry productivity parameters, and ways to manufacture the probiotic formulation. The key focus of this review is the lack of reproducibility in poultry research studies on the evaluation of probiotics’ effects, which should be solved by developing and publishing a set of standard protocols in the professional community for conducting probiotic trials in poultry. Abstract One of the main problems in the poultry industry is the search for a viable replacement for antibiotic growth promoters. This issue requires a “one health” approach because the uncontrolled use of antibiotics in poultry can lead to the development of antimicrobial resistance, which is a concern not only in animals, but for humans as well. One of the promising ways to overcome this challenge is found in probiotics due to their wide range of features and mechanisms of action for health promotion. Moreover, spore-forming probiotics are suitable for use in the poultry industry because of their unique ability, encapsulation, granting them protection from the harshest conditions and resulting in improved availability for hosts’ organisms. This review summarizes the information on gastrointestinal tract microbiota of poultry and their interaction with commensal and probiotic spore-forming bacteria. One of the most important topics of this review is the absence of uniformity in spore-forming probiotic trials in poultry. In our opinion, this problem can be solved by the creation of standards and checklists for these kinds of trials such as those used for pre-clinical and clinical trials in human medicine. Last but not least, this review covers problems and challenges related to spore-forming probiotic manufacturing.
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Improved production of biocatalysts by Yarrowia lipolytica using natural sources of the biopolyesters cutin and suberin, and their application in hydrolysis of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2277-2287. [PMID: 34165618 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02603-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Since plastic pollution emerged as an urgent environmental problem, different biocatalysts have been tested for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) hydrolysis. This work evaluated three different possible inducers for lipases and/or esterases, two natural sources of biopolymers (apple peels and commercial cork) and PET, as supplements in the solid-state fermentation of soybean bran by Yarrowia lipolytica. The obtained enzymatic extracts displaying different levels of lipase and esterase activities were then tested for PET depolymerization. Supplementation with 5 or 20 wt% of commercial cork led to an increase of 16% in lipase activity and to an increase of 131% in esterase activity, respectively. PET supplementation also led to an increase in the esterase activity of the enzymatic extracts (up to 69%). Enzymes produced in the screening step were able to act as biocatalysts in PET hydrolysis. Enzymatic extracts obtained in fermentation samples supplemented with 20 wt% PET and 20 wt% apple peels led to the highest terephthalic acid concentration (21.2 µmol L-1) in 7 days, whereas enzymes produced in commercial cork media were more efficient for bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) hydrolysis, one of the key-PET hydrolysis intermediates. Results suggest a good potential of the biocatalysts produced by Y. lipolytica IMUFRJ 50,682 in a low-cost media for subsequent utilization in PET depolymerization reactions. This is one of the few reports on the use of a yeast for this application.
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Ardila-Leal LD, Poutou-Piñales RA, Pedroza-Rodríguez AM, Quevedo-Hidalgo BE. A Brief History of Colour, the Environmental Impact of Synthetic Dyes and Removal by Using Laccases. Molecules 2021; 26:3813. [PMID: 34206669 PMCID: PMC8270347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of colour is fascinating from a social and artistic viewpoint because it shows the way; use; and importance acquired. The use of colours date back to the Stone Age (the first news of cave paintings); colour has contributed to the social and symbolic development of civilizations. Colour has been associated with hierarchy; power and leadership in some of them. The advent of synthetic dyes has revolutionized the colour industry; and due to their low cost; their use has spread to different industrial sectors. Although the percentage of coloured wastewater discharged by the textile; food; pharmaceutical; cosmetic; and paper industries; among other productive areas; are unknown; the toxic effect and ecological implications of this discharged into water bodies are harmful. This review briefly shows the social and artistic history surrounding the discovery and use of natural and synthetic dyes. We summarise the environmental impact caused by the discharge of untreated or poorly treated coloured wastewater to water bodies; which has led to physical; chemical and biological treatments to reduce the colour units so as important physicochemical parameters. We also focus on laccase utility (EC 1.10.3.2), for discolouration enzymatic treatment of coloured wastewater, before its discharge into water bodies. Laccases (p-diphenol: oxidoreductase dioxide) are multicopper oxidoreductase enzymes widely distributed in plants, insects, bacteria, and fungi. Fungal laccases have employed for wastewater colour removal due to their high redox potential. This review includes an analysis of the stability of laccases, the factors that influence production at high scales to achieve discolouration of high volumes of contaminated wastewater, the biotechnological impact of laccases, and the degradation routes that some dyes may follow when using the laccase for colour removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leidy D. Ardila-Leal
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Aura M. Pedroza-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y de Suelos, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Balkys E. Quevedo-Hidalgo
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
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Gmoser R, Fristedt R, Larsson K, Undeland I, Taherzadeh MJ, Lennartsson PR. From stale bread and brewers spent grain to a new food source using edible filamentous fungi. Bioengineered 2021; 11:582-598. [PMID: 32449450 PMCID: PMC8291841 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1768694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
By-products from the food sector with a high load of organic matter present both a waste-handling problem related to expenses and to the environment, yet also an opportunity. This study aims to increase the value of stale bread and brewers spent grain (BSG) by re-introducing these residues to the food production chain by converting them to new protein-enriched products using the edible filamentous fungi Neurospora intermedia and Rhizopusoryzae. After 6 days of solid state fermentation (at 35°C, with a95% relative humidity and moisture content of 40% in the substrate) on stale bread, a nutrient-rich fungal-fermented product was produced. The total protein content, as analyzed by total amino acids, increased from 16.5% in stale sourdough bread to 21.1% (on dry weight basis) in the final product with an improved relative ratio of essential amino acids. An increase in dietary fiber, minerals (Cu, Fe, Zn) and vitamin E, as well as an addition of vitamin D2 (0.89 µg/g dry weight sample) was obtained compared with untreated stale bread. Furthermore, addition of BSG to the sourdough bread with the aim to improve textural changes after fermentation showed promising outcomes. Cultivation of N. intermedia or R. oryzae on stale sourdough bread mixed with 6.5% or 11.8% BSG, respectively, resulted in fungal-fermented products with similar textural properties to a commercial soybean burger. Bioconversion of stale bread and BSG by fungal solid state fermentation to produce a nutrient-enriched food product was confirmed to be a successful way to minimize food waste and protein shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Gmoser
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås , Borås, Sweden
| | - Rikard Fristedt
- Food and Nutrition Science, Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Larsson
- Food and Nutrition Science, Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Undeland
- Food and Nutrition Science, Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg, Sweden
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A multivariate optimization of bioactive compounds extracted from oregano (Origanum vulgare) leaves using pulsed mode sonication. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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47
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Li J, Tang X, Qian H, Yang Y, Zhu X, Wu Q, Mu Y, Huang Z. Analysis of Saccharification Products of High-Concentration Glutinous Rice Fermentation by Rhizopus nigricans Q3 and Alcoholic Fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae GY-1. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8038-8044. [PMID: 33817463 PMCID: PMC8014914 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A two-stage process was used to prepare rice alcohol, i.e., saccharification of glutinous rice by Rhizopus nigricans Q3, followed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae's fermentation. Rhizopus nigricans Q3 was cultured during the saccharification stage, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae GY-1 was added in the fermentation stage. Total sugar content and reducing sugar content in these two stages were analyzed. The relationship between the production proportion and consumption of the reducing sugar in the saccharification interval was analyzed using reducing sugar indices. It is an important rule that the high-concentration syrup and oligosaccharides prepared by glutinous rice could reach 42°Bx and 250 mg/mL by high-concentration fermentation in the growth stage of R. nigricans Q3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Engineering
Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass
Energy, Ministry of Education and School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- School
of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xianghua Tang
- Engineering
Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass
Energy, Ministry of Education and School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- School
of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Hong Qian
- School
of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yunjuan Yang
- Engineering
Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass
Energy, Ministry of Education and School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- School
of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Guangdong
Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 51400, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wu
- Engineering
Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass
Energy, Ministry of Education and School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- School
of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yuelin Mu
- Engineering
Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass
Energy, Ministry of Education and School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- School
of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zunxi Huang
- Engineering
Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass
Energy, Ministry of Education and School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- School
of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
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Gandia A, van den Brandhof JG, Appels FVW, Jones MP. Flexible Fungal Materials: Shaping the Future. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 39:1321-1331. [PMID: 33812663 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fungi are a revolutionary, smart, and sustainable manufacturing platform that can be used to upcycle byproducts and wastes into flexible fungal materials (FFMs) such as chitin- and β-glucan-based foams, paper, and textiles. With highly adaptable manufacturing pathways, the efficiency and properties of these materials depend on the biomass source and fermentation method. Liquid substrates provide fast, upscalable, and compact production processes but are susceptible to contamination and are limited to paper-like materials for printing, wound dressings, and membranes. Solid-state fermentation is cheaper but struggles to deliver homogeneous fungal growth and is used to produce fungal foams for packaging, insulation, textiles, and leather substitutes. The broad range of applications and uses of biological organisms in materials hallmarks fungi as forerunners in improving environmental sustainability globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Gandia
- Institut de Biologia Molecular i Cellular de Plantes (IBMCP), Consell Superior d'Investigacions Científiques (CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jeroen G van den Brandhof
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Freek V W Appels
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mitchell P Jones
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Material Chemistry and Research, Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria; School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora East Campus, PO Box 71, Bundoora 3083, VIC, Australia.
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49
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Alhomodi AF, Zavadil A, Berhow M, Gibbons WR, Karki B. Application of Cocultures of Fungal Mycelium during
Solid‐State
Fermentation of Canola Meal for Potential Feed Application. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad F. Alhomodi
- Department of Biology and Microbiology South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA
| | - Andrea Zavadil
- Department of Biology and Microbiology South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA
| | - Mark Berhow
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Peoria IL 61604 USA
| | - William R. Gibbons
- Department of Biology and Microbiology South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA
| | - Bishnu Karki
- Department of Biology and Microbiology South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA
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Osmolovskiy AA, Popova EA, Kreyer VG, Baranova NA, Egorov NS. Vermiculite as a new carrier for extracellular protease production by Aspergillus spp. under solid-state fermentation. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 29:e00576. [PMID: 33392004 PMCID: PMC7773530 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new method has been developed to increase the productivity of aspergilli - producers of extracellular proteinases based on their cultivation on vermiculite under solid-state fermentation conditions. The productivity of the mycelium Aspergillus ochraceus L-1 and Aspergillus ustus 1 was 3-18 times higher not only in comparison with submerged cultivation, but also in comparison with growth on other carriers studied under solid-state fermentation conditions. Vermiculite can be considered as a new promising carrier for solid-state fermentation of micromycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Osmolovskiy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elizaveta A. Popova
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriana G. Kreyer
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nina A. Baranova
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S. Egorov
- International Biotechnological Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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