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Tripathi S, Mishra N, Malviya R, Ansari A, Shrimali S, Mishra N. Unveiling the Compositional Analysis of Green Coffee Beans with and without Silver Skin. Recent Adv Food Nutr Agric 2024; 15:RAFNA-EPUB-139078. [PMID: 38468525 DOI: 10.2174/012772574x293155240226095030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green Coffee Bean (GCB) is covered with silver skin that is shed as a by-product of the roasting process. For the first time, a comparative study was conducted to differentiate the compositional analysis of green coffee beans with silver skin and without silver skin. OBJECTIVE The study aims comparatively assessing nutritional, anti-nutritional and fatty acids composition of green coffee beans with silver skin and without silver skin. The present study is also intended to find out various organic compounds of green coffee beans. METHODS The proximate analysis was used to study nutritional composition. Mineral analysis was assessed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The antinutrients like phytic acid and tannin were assessed by UV-visible spectroscopy whereas volumetric and gravimetric analysis was used to determine oxalates and alkaloids. Gas chromatography and Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy were used for studying fatty acids and organic compounds, respectively. RESULTS Protein content was significantly (p<0.05) high in green coffee beans with silver skin, indicating 15% higher protein. Macro mineral content was also found significantly (p<0.05 and p<0.01) high in green coffee beans with silver skin, whereby 5.11% higher Phosphorus and 24.12% higher Calcium content was observed. However, iron content was 68.10% lower in green coffee beans with silver skin which might be due to its higher tannin content. Trace minerals zinc and copper were also found to contain 57.18% to 18.11% higher concentrations respectively in silver skin. Anti-nutritional analysis revealed the content of phytic acid and tannin as 161 and 77.29 mg/100g, respectively in green coffee beans with silver skin. The percentages of oxalates and alkaloids were found to be 0.64 and 14.30. These anti-nutritional compounds were significantly (p<0.05 and p<0.01) higher from green coffee beans without silver skin. Green coffee beans have been found with an utmost number of saturated fatty acids having palmitic acid as the most abundant. The unsaturated part is mainly composed of linoleic and oleic acid. Chlorogenic acid isomers and caffeine were the organic compounds detected through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. CONCLUSION These findings reveal the presence of both nutritional and anti-nutritional components in Coffee silver skin, with significantly higher levels of anti-nutritional factors in green coffee with silver skin, emphasizing the need for caution in the consumption of green coffee and utilization of coffee silver skin as a valuable bioresource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Tripathi
- Department of Family and Community Sciences, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Neha Mishra
- Department of Food Nutrition and Public Health, Ethelind College of Community Science, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences Prayagaraj, India
| | - Ritika Malviya
- Centre of Food Technology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Arshi Ansari
- Department of Family and Community Sciences, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Simran Shrimali
- Centre of Food Technology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Neetu Mishra
- Department of Family and Community Sciences, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
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Zhang W, Benke R, Zhang X, Zhang H, Zhao C, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Wang H, Liu S, Li X, Wu Y. Novel allelic variations in Tannin1 and Tannin2 contribute to tannin absence in sorghum. Mol Breed 2024; 44:24. [PMID: 38495646 PMCID: PMC10942951 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Sorghum is an important food crop commonly used for brewing, feed, and bioenergy. Certain genotypes of sorghum contain high concentrations of condensed tannins in seeds, which are beneficial, such as protecting grains from herbivore bird pests, but also impair grain quality and digestibility. Previously, we identified Tannin1 and Tannin2, each with three recessive causal alleles, regulate tannin absence in sorghum. In this study, via characterizing 421 sorghum accessions, we further identified three novel recessive alleles from these two genes. The tan1-d allele contains a 12-bp deletion at position 659 nt and the tan1-e allele contains a 10-bp deletion at position 771 nt in Tannin1. The tan2-d allele contains a C-to-T transition, which results in a premature stop codon before the bHLH domain in Tannin2, and was predominantly selected in China. We further developed KASP assays targeting these identified recessive alleles to efficiently genotype large populations. These studies provide new insights in sorghum domestication and convenient tools for breeding programs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01463-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Ryan Benke
- USDA-ARS, Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Huawen Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Yu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Ying Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Hailian Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Shubing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Xianran Li
- USDA-ARS, Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Yuye Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
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Zhou Y, Zheng L, Chen X, Huang Y, Essawy H, Du G, Zhou X, Zhang J. Developing high performance biodegradable film based on crosslinking of cellulose acetate and tannin using caprolactone. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130067. [PMID: 38336318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The use of metal catalysts during the production process of cellulose acetate (CA) film can have an impact on the environment, due to their toxicity. Diphenyl phosphate (DPP) was used instead of toxic metal catalyst to react with cellulose acetate, tannin (T) and caprolactone (CL) for preparation of cellulose acetate-caprolactone-tannin (CA-CL-T) film. The results show that DPP can produce a cross-linked network structure composed of tannin, caprolactone and cellulose acetate. The maximum molecular weight reached 113,260 Da. The introduction of tannin and caprolactone into cellulose acetate caused the resulting CA-CL-T film acquire excellent strengthening/toughening effect, in which a tensile strength of 23 MPa and elongation at break of 18 % were attained. More importantly, the resistance of the film to UV radiation was significantly improved with the tannin addition, which was corroborated by the CA-CL-T film still exhibiting a tensile strength of 13 MPa and elongation at break around 13 % after continuous exposure to UV radiation for 9 days. On the other hand, the insertion of caprolactone provoked enhancement of the overall moisture resistance. Five days treatment of the films with Penicillium sp. induced gradual drop in quality, indicating the CA-CL-T film show response to biodegradation. In all, the effective crosslinking between the components of the developed material is responsible for the acquired set of these distinct characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Haidian, 100091 Beijing, China
| | - LuLu Zheng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yuxiang Huang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Haidian, 100091 Beijing, China.
| | - Hisham Essawy
- Department of Polymers and Pigments, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Guanben Du
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
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Kuhlman B, Aleixandre-Tudo JL, Moore JP, du Toit W. Arabinogalactan proteins and polysaccharides compete directly with condensed tannins for saliva proteins influencing astringency perception of Cabernet Sauvignon wines. Food Chem 2024; 435:137625. [PMID: 37801763 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Wine astringency is thought to be due to salivary protein precipitation; however, the actual mechanism is not well-defined. This study aimed understand the relationship between whole polysaccharide extracts, produced with and without enzyme maceration, and the saliva protein-tannin precipitation reaction. Polysaccharides were analyzed in the context of salivary protein-tannin interactions using gel electrophoresis, quantitative 1H proton nuclear magnetic resonance (qHNMR), size separation chromatography, immunochemistry, and sensory analysis. Polysaccharide addition reduced saliva protein concentration in tannin-saliva protein-polysaccharide mixtures, indicating that native-wine polysaccharides compete with condensed tannins for salivary protein as ligand partners. qHNMR showed that tannin levels were increased by adding polysaccharides, suggesting that in these conditions, polysaccharides interact with saliva proteins via competitive protein-polysaccharide complex formation. Polysaccharides from non-enzyme-treated wines had threshold concentration of 121 mg/mL versus 86 mg/ml for enzyme-treated as detected by a sensory panel. Enzyme-treated polysaccharides changed astringency perception at a lower concentration than non-enzyme-treated polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock Kuhlman
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Jose Luis Aleixandre-Tudo
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - John P Moore
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Wessel du Toit
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
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5
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Wimalasiri PM, Harrison R, Donaldson I, Kemp B, Tian B. Timing of leaf removal modulates tannin composition and the level of anthocyanins and methoxypyrazines in Pinot noir grapes and wines. Food Res Int 2024; 178:114003. [PMID: 38309889 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of leaf removal on concentrations of anthocyanin, tannin, and methoxypyrazines (MPs) in Pinot noir grapes and wines. Leaf removal after 7 days (LR7), 30 days (LR30), and 60 days (LR60) of flowering were compared with no leaf removal control (LRC). Grapes and resultant wines were analysed for tannin and aroma composition using liquid chromatography and two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. All leaf removal treatments increased anthocyanin concentration in grapes and reduced MP levels in grape stems compared to LRC, indicating the effectiveness of both early and late leaf removal. Leaf removal after 7 days and 30 days were more effective in enhancing colour density, polymeric pigments, and tannin concentration in wines. Higher grape skin tannin and anthocyanin concentrations, along with lower seed tannin concentration in berries, correlated with higher tannin concentrations in wines. LR7 showed significantly higher skin-originated tannin proportion than LRC, suggesting a useful tool to manage tannin extraction. Aroma composition of resultant wines was influenced by leaf removal, although these differences were not evident in the sensory evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep M Wimalasiri
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Roland Harrison
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | | | - Belinda Kemp
- NIAB, New Road, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bin Tian
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
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Ismayati M, Fatah NAN, Ernawati EE, Juliandri, Kusumaningrum WB, Lubis MAR, Fatriasari W, Solihat NN, Sari FP, Halim A, Cholilie IA, Tobimatsu Y. Antioxidant and UV-blocking activity of PVA/ tannin-based bioplastics in food packaging application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128332. [PMID: 38043664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bioplastics with antioxidant and UV protection properties based on tannin and PVA were created for packaging uses. Using a hot water extraction method at various extraction temperatures (60-100 °C), tannins were removed from the bark of Acacia mangium. Tannins with the best antioxidant activity were extracted at 80 °C. In order to create bioplastic formulations (PVA/Tannins), the extract is then employed. The non-heating bioplastic method's preparation (M3) stage produced the highest levels of antioxidant activity. Therefore, subsequent tests were conducted using the non-heating method (M3). On the opacity, UV protective activity, antioxidant capacity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and water vapor permeability of the resultant bioplastics, the impact of tannin concentration (0.1-0.5 g) was examined. The findings of the experiments demonstrate that PVA/Tannin bioplastics are less transparent than pure PVA. The PVA/tannin bioplastics that are formed, on the whole, show strong antioxidant and UV protection action. Comparing PVA/Tannin bioplastics to pure PVA also revealed a small improvement in thermal stability and tensile strength. In PVA bioplastics with resistant tannins, moisture content was marginally greater even at low tannin concentrations (0.1 g). Based on the findings, bioplastics made from PVA and the tannin A. mangium have the potential to be used to create packaging that is UV and active antioxidant resistant. It can be applied as the second (inner) layer of the primary packaging to protect food freshness and nutrition due to their antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ismayati
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Netha Amelia Nur Fatah
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Engela Evy Ernawati
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Juliandri
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Wida Banar Kusumaningrum
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Adly R Lubis
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia
| | - Widya Fatriasari
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia
| | - Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia
| | - Fahriya Puspita Sari
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Halim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia, Gresik 61122, Indonesia
| | - Irvan Adhin Cholilie
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia, Gresik 61122, Indonesia
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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Cheng Z, Ye R, Shi X, Lai C, Gao S, Zhang D, Xu Y, Wang C, Chu F. A multiple cross-linking strategy to develop an environment-friendly and water resistance wheat gluten protein wood adhesive. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128712. [PMID: 38081482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Wheat gluten (WG) shows great promise to synthesize environment-friendly wood adhesives. However, their weak bonding strength and poor water resistance have limited its application in the commercial wood-based panel industry. In this study, a novel WG-based adhesive was developed by constructing a multiple cross-linking network generated by covalent and non-covalent bonds. The potential mechanism was revealed by FT-IR analysis. Furthermore, their surface morphology, thermal stability, viscosity, and residual rate of adhesives with different compositions were systematically characterized and compared. The results showed that the hydrogen bonding, reactions between amine groups and tannin, and ring opening reaction of epoxy, synergistically contributed to generate a highly crosslinked network. The wet/boil water strength of the plywood prepared from WG/tannin/ethylene imine polymer (PEI)-glycerol triglycidyl ether (GTE) adhesive with the addition of 15 % GTE could reach 1.21 MPa and 1.20 MPa, respectively, and a mildew resistance ability was observed. This study provides a facile strategy to fabricate high-performance plant protein-based adhesives with desirable water resistance for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Cheng
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ren Ye
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shishuai Gao
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daihui Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuzhi Xu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunpeng Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fuxiang Chu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
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Laitila JE, Salminen JP. Quantitative and qualitative composition of proanthocyanidins and other polyphenols in commercial red wines and their contribution to sensorially evaluated tannicity. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113867. [PMID: 38225134 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The analysis of proanthocyanidins (PA) in red wine has typically been conducted using few key methods, such as phloroglucinolysis or precipitation assays. Here, the content of PAs and other common polyphenol groups in commercial red wines were analyzed with a group-specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Besides concentrations, the method provides qualitative information about the detected compound groups in the form of two-dimensional (2D) chromatographic fingerprints. The 2D fingerprints of PAs have not been utilized in analysis of red wine before. For instance, 2D chromatographic fingerprints revealed that the complex PA compositions were qualitatively notably similar between many wine types, even when there were considerable differences in concentrations. Finally, 201 commercial red wines had been categorized as either tannic or medium tannic based on their sensorial evaluations. The content of PAs and three different groups of oligomeric adducts of malvidin glycosides and PAs were measured from these wines. The compositional features of the PAs and PA-malvidin glycoside adducts were more important than concentrations in explaining the perceived tannicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juuso Erik Laitila
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20500, Turku, Finland.
| | - Juha-Pekka Salminen
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20500, Turku, Finland.
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Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Lei H, Zhou X, Du G, Pizzi A, Xi X. Preparation and fire resistance modification on tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) rigid foams. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128994. [PMID: 38157632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) as a new type of polyurethane material has become a hot research topic in the polyurethane industry due to its no utilization of toxic isocyanates during the synthesis process. And the developing on recyclable biomass materials has also much attention in the industrial sector, hence the preparation and application of bio-based NIPU has also become a very meaningful study work. So, in this paper, tannin as a biomass material was used to synthesize tannin based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (TNIPU) resin, and then successfully prepared a self-blowing TNIPU foam at room temperature by using formic acid as initiator and glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent. The compressive strength of this foam as high as 0.8 MPa, which is an excellent compressive performance. Meanwhile it will return to the state before compression when removing the pressure. This indicating that the foam has good toughness. In addition, formic acid can react with the amino groups in TNIPU to form amide substances, and generated enough heat to initiate the foaming process. Glutaraldehyde, as a crosslinking agent, reacts with the amino group in TNIPU to form a network structure system. By scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation of the cell shapes, it can be seen that the foam cells were uniform in size and shape, and the cell pores showed open and closed cells. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) tested value of this TNIPU foam is 24.45 % without any flame retardant added, but compared to the LOI value of polyurethane foam (17 %-19 %), TNIPU foam reveal a better fire resistance. It has a wider application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsen Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Hong Lei
- College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaojian Zhou
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass materials, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Guanben Du
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Antonio Pizzi
- LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 88000 Epinal, France
| | - Xuedong Xi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350108 Fuzhou, China.
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10
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Chaji M, Jahanara Z. Use of tannase-producing bacteria isolated from the rumen to improve the nutritional value of pomegranate peel for fattening lambs. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e31347. [PMID: 38227709 PMCID: PMC10790326 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of plants and by-products, which are containing a high amount of secondary and anti-nutritional compounds such as tannins, in animal feed is limited. The methods that can reduce these compounds make facilitate their use in animal feed. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to reduce the adverse effects of pomegranate peel (PP) tannin for fattening lambs using the tannase-producing bacteria. METHODS Twenty-one Arabi male lambs (averagely 35 ± 3.8 kg weight and 8 ± 1.0 months age) were used in a completely randomized design with three treatments and seven replications in the present experiment. The experimental treatments included 1 - control diet (CNT, no PP), 2 - diet containing untreated PP (raw PP, UTPP) and 3 - diet containing PP treated with tannase-producing bacteria (bacteria treating PP, BTPP). RESULTS Using UTPP decreased nutrient intake compared to the control and treatment with tannase-producing bacteria again significantly increased nutrient intake compared to the UTPP (p < 0.05). The digestibilities of organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in the control treatment were significantly higher than UTPP and BTPP and in the BTPP were significantly higher than the UTPP (p < 0.05). The use of UTPP in the diet significantly decreased the pH, ammonia nitrogen concentration and the total protozoa population of the rumen compared to the control (p < 0.05), and treatment with bacteria increased them again. The lowest total protozoa population was observed in UTPP treatments (p < 0.05). The highest concentration of blood glucose was observed in UTPP; however, the highest concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (non-significant) and low-density lipoprotein were in the control treatment. The effect of experimental treatments on the dry matter consumption of the whole period was significant; however, there was no significant effect on average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency and longissimus muscle colorimetric systems. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, considering the positive effects of treatment PP with tannin-degrading bacteria relative to raw PP, using these bacteria is a proper way to reduce tannin, thus improving the nutritional value of PP for ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Chaji
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of Animal Science and Food TechnologyAgricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, MollasaniAhvazKhuzestanIran
| | - Zahra Jahanara
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of Animal Science and Food TechnologyAgricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, MollasaniAhvazKhuzestanIran
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11
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Cordeiro LA, Soares AK, Missio AL, Carneiro MEB, de Muniz GIB, de Cademartori PHG. Nanocellulose-based tannin-immobilized biosorbent for efficient copper ion removal. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126635. [PMID: 37657571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Tannins, which are water-soluble polyhydroxyphenols found in plant structures, offer a sustainable alternative to inorganic products for treating effluents. To overcome their solubility in water, new methods have been developed to immobilize tannin on materials such as nanocellulose, resulting in tannin-based adsorbents. This study investigates the production of different types of tannin-based adsorbents immobilized on nanocellulose nanofibrils using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. The adsorbents were characterized for their morphology, chemical composition, tannin leaching, thermal stability, and copper adsorption capacity. The main results showed that tannin leaching from the adsorbents in water was greatly reduced with glutaraldehyde. Scanning electron microscopy images showed tannin coating on the surface of nanocellulose nanofibrils due to immobilization. The lyophilized adsorbent was effective in adsorbing Cu (II) within 1 min, with the adsorbed amount increasing gradually until stabilization after 45 min. Overall, this study suggests that tannin immobilized on nanofibrillated cellulose has the potential to offer a sustainable and renewable alternative for effluent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincoln Audrew Cordeiro
- Graduate Program in Forest Engineering, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil
| | - Aline Krolow Soares
- Graduate Program in Engineering & Materials Science, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Polytechnic Center, Curitiba 81531-990, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Missio
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de Cademartori
- Graduate Program in Forest Engineering, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil; Graduate Program in Engineering & Materials Science, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Polytechnic Center, Curitiba 81531-990, Brazil.
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12
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McGurrin A, Maguire J, Tiwari BK, Garcia-Vaquero M. Anti-methanogenic potential of seaweeds and seaweed-derived compounds in ruminant feed: current perspectives, risks and future prospects. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:145. [PMID: 38041152 PMCID: PMC10693045 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00946-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
With methane emissions from ruminant agriculture contributing 17% of total methane emissions worldwide, there is increasing urgency to develop strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this sector. One of the proposed strategies is ruminant feed intervention studies focused on the inclusion of anti-methanogenic compounds which are those capable of interacting with the rumen microbiome, reducing the capacity of ruminal microorganisms to produce methane. Recently, seaweeds have been investigated for their ability to reduce methane in ruminants in vitro and in vivo, with the greatest methane abatement reported when using the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis (attributed to the bromoform content of this species). From the literature analysis in this study, levels of up to 99% reduction in ruminant methane emissions have been reported from inclusion of this seaweed in animal feed, although further in vivo and microbiome studies are required to confirm these results as other reports showed no effect on methane emission resulting from the inclusion of seaweed to basal feed. This review explores the current state of research aiming to integrate seaweeds as anti-methanogenic feed additives, as well as examining the specific bioactive compounds within seaweeds that are likely to be related to these effects. The effects of the inclusion of seaweeds on the ruminal microbiome are also reviewed, as well as the future challenges when considering the large-scale inclusion of seaweeds into ruminant diets as anti-methanogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailbhe McGurrin
- Section of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland
- TEAGASC, Food Research Centre, Dublin 15, Ashtown, Ireland
| | - Julie Maguire
- Bantry Marine Research Station Ltd, Bantry, Co. Cork, P75 AX07, Gearhies, Ireland
| | | | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- Section of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland.
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13
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Xu Y, Liu J, You G, Yang Z, Miao L, Wu J, Yang G, Hou J. A quaternary ammonium salt grafted tannin-based flocculant boosts the conjugative transfer of plasmid-born antibiotic resistance genes: The nonnegligible side of their flocculation-sterilization properties. Sci Total Environ 2023; 901:166515. [PMID: 37619725 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
This study developed dual-function tannin-based flocculants, namely tannin-graft-acrylamide-diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (TGCC-A/TGCC-C), endowed with enhanced flocculation-sterilization properties. The impacts of these flocculants on proliferation and transformation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among bacteria during the flocculation-deposition process were examined. TGCC-A/TGCC-C exhibited remarkable flocculation capacities towards both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, encompassing a logarithmic range of initial cell density (108-109 CFU/mL) and a broad pH spectrum (pH 2-11). The grafted quaternary ammonium salt groups played pivotal parts in flocculation through charge neutralization and bridging mechanisms, concurrently contributing to sterilization by disrupting cellular membranes. The correlation between flocculation and sterilization entails a sequential progression, where an excess of TGCC, initially employed for flocculation, is subsequently consumed for sterilization purposes. The frequencies of ARGs conjugative transfer were enhanced in bacterial flocs across all TGCC treatments, stemming from augmented bacterial aggregation and cell membrane permeability, elicited stress response, and up-regulated genes encoding plasmid transfer. These findings underscore the indispensable role of flocculation-sterilization effects in mediating the propagation of ARGs, consequently providing substantial support for the scientific evaluation of the environmental risks associated with flocculants in the context of ARGs dissemination during the treatment of raw water featuring high bacterial density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxiang You
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
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14
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El-Beltagi HS, Shah ST, Mohamed HI, Alam N, Sajid M, Khan A, Basit A. Physiological response, phytochemicals, antioxidant, and enzymatic activity of date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivated under different storage time, harvesting Stages, and temperatures. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103818. [PMID: 37841666 PMCID: PMC10570712 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of date palm is highly influenced by postharvest techniques, storage, and processing effects. Fruits stored at room temperature result in dehydration, whereas higher temperatures accelerate the enzymatic browning of fruit. This study aimed to enhance postharvest quality of date palms through improved harvesting and storage techniques. The fruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Dhakki) were harvested at khalal (mature, firm), rutab (fully ripe), or tamar (dry) stages and stored at different temperatures (12, 18, or 24 °C) for 0, 15, 30, or 45 days. The analysis of the data showed that the studied attributes significantly different at various ripening stages and storage temperatures. The fruits harvested at Khalal stage proved to be the best in retaining moisture content (23.16%), total soluble solids (20.36 oBrix), fruit juice pH (4.97), ascorbic acid (24.65 mg 100 g-1), non-reducing sugars (26.84%), percent acidity (0.39%), antioxidant activity (211.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic (40.07 mg100g-1), flavonoids (45.8 mg 100 g-1), tannin (70.7 mg100g-1), catalase (1.82 U g-1), peroxidase (1.4 U g-1), soluble protein (38.2 mg kg-1), brightness (29.9), chroma (16.4), hue angle (34.9), color (16.8), and with minimum weight loss (8.48%) as compared to fruit harvested at Rutab and Tamar stage. Regarding the means for storage temperature, the fruits stored at 12 ± 3 °C retained the highest moisture content (23.2%), total soluble solids (13.5 oBrix), fruit juice pH (5.42), percent acidity (0.29%), ascorbic acid (24.4 mg100g-1), reducing sugars (31.1%), non-reducing sugars (26.5%), antioxidant activity (214.6 mg100g-1), total phenolic (41.6 mg100 g-1), flavonoids (44.7 mg100 g-1), tannin (71.7 mg 100 g-1), catalase (1.56 U g-1), peroxidase (1.21 U g-1), soluble protein (31.8 mg kg-1), brightness (28.8), chroma (15.3), hue angle (29.6), color (16.2),with minimum weight loss (9.91%). It was concluded that for quality fruit production of date palm cv. Dhakki could be harvested at Khalal stage and stored at a temperature of 12 ± 3 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Tanveer Shah
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams, University, Cairo 1575, Egypt
| | - Nabeel Alam
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, South Korea
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Saad MM, Saad AM, Hassan HM, Ibrahim EI, Abdelraof M, Ali BA. Optimization of tannase production by Aspergillus glaucus in solid-state fermentation of black tea waste. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:73. [PMID: 38647901 PMCID: PMC10991964 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tannases are valuable industrial enzymes used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, leather manufacture and in environmental biotechnology. In this study, 15 fungal isolates were obtained from Egyptian cultivated soil and marine samples. The isolated fungi were qualitatively and quantitatively screened for their abilities to produce tannase. The selected fungal isolate NRC8 giving highest tannase activity was identified by molecular technique (18S rRNA) as Aspergillus glaucus. Among different tannin-containing wastes tested, the black tea waste was the best substrate for tannase production by Aspergillus glaucus in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Optimization of the different process parameters required for maximum enzyme production was carried out to design a suitable SSF process. Maximal tannase production was achieved with moisture content of 75%, an inoculums size of 6 × 108 spore/ml and sodium nitrate 0.2% (pH of 5.0) at 30 °C after 5 days of incubation. Box-Behnken experiment was designed to get a quadratic model for further optimization studies. Four-factor response-surface method with 27 runs was prepared using independent parameters including (moisture content %, initial pH, substrate concentration (g) and sodium nitrate concentration (g) for tannase model. The F- and P-values of the model were 4.30 and 0.002, respectively, which implied that the model is significant. In addition, the lack-of-fit was 1040.37 which indicates the same significance relative to the pure error. A. glaucus tannase was evaluated by the efficiency of conversion of tannic acid to gallic acid. Moreover, production of gallic acid from SSF process of A. glaucus using black tea waste was found to be 38.27 mg/ml. The best bioconversion efficiency was achieved at 40 °C with tannic acid concentration up to 200 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataza Mahmoud Saad
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelnaby Mahmoud Saad
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Helmy Mohamed Hassan
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman I Ibrahim
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Abdelraof
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Basant A Ali
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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16
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Liu Y, Ma D, Constabel CP. CRISPR/Cas9 Disruption of MYB134 and MYB115 in Transgenic Poplar Leads to Differential Reduction of Proanthocyanidin Synthesis in Roots and Leaves. Plant Cell Physiol 2023; 64:1189-1203. [PMID: 37522631 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are common specialized metabolites and particularly abundant in trees and woody plants. In poplar (Populus spp.), PA biosynthesis is stress-induced and regulated by two previously studied transcription factors MYB115 and MYB134. To determine the relative contribution of these regulators to PA biosynthesis, we created single- and double-knockout (KO) mutants for both genes in transgenic poplars using CRISPR/Cas9. Knocking out either MYB134 or MYB115 showed reduced PA accumulation and downregulated flavonoid genes in leaves, but MYB134 disruption had the greatest impact and reduced PAs to 30% of controls. In roots, by contrast, only the MYB134/MYB115 double-KOs showed a significant change in PA concentration. The loss of PAs paralleled the lower expression of PA biosynthesis genes and concentrations of flavan-3-ol PA precursors catechin and epicatechin. Interestingly, salicinoids were also affected in double-KOs, with distinct patterns in roots and shoots. We conclude that the regulatory pathways for PA biosynthesis differ in poplar leaves and roots. The residual PA content in the double-KO plants indicates that other transcription factors must also be involved in control of the PA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Liu
- Centre for Forest Biology & Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P5C3, Canada
| | - Dawei Ma
- Centre for Forest Biology & Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P5C3, Canada
| | - C Peter Constabel
- Centre for Forest Biology & Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P5C3, Canada
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Qin J, Yu L, Peng F, Ye X, Li G, Sun C, Cheng F, Peng C, Xie X. Tannin extracted from Penthorum chinense Pursh, a potential drug with antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1134207. [PMID: 37465024 PMCID: PMC10351983 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1134207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen. Due to the widespread use and abuse of antibiotics, various drug-resistant strains of S. aureus have emerged, with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) being the most prevalent. Bacterial biofilm is a significant contributor to bacterial infection and drug resistance. Consequently, bacterial biofilm formation has emerged as a therapeutic strategy. In this study, the chemical constituents, antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of tannins isolated from Penthorum chinense Pursh (TPCP) were investigated. In vitro, TPCP exhibited antimicrobial properties. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) for methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA were 156.25 and 312.5 μg/mL, and 312.5 and 625 μg/mL, respectively. According to the growth curves, TPCP significantly inhibited the growth of MSSA and MRSA. The results of the crystal violet biofilm assay in conjunction with confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that TPCP destroyed preformed MSSA and MRSA biofilms. TPCP significantly decreased the secretion of exopolysaccharides and extracellular DNA. Subsequently, the mechanism was investigated using RT-PCR. Examining the expression of icaA, cidA, sigB, agrA, and sarA genes in MRSA, we discovered that TPCP inhibited biofilm formation by affecting the quorum-sensing system in bacteria. Our study demonstrates that TPCP exerts antibacterial effects by disrupting the formation of bacterial biofilms, suggesting that TPCP has clinical potential as a novel antibacterial agent for the prevention and treatment of MSSA and MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gangmin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Adeoti JO, Ogungbite OC, Salami OS, Odeyemi OO. Susceptibility of processed and stored cassava, plantain, yam, and cocoyam to coffee bean weevil ( Araecerus fasciculatus De Geer). J Basic Appl Zool 2023; 84:20. [PMID: 37274431 PMCID: PMC10233170 DOI: 10.1186/s41936-023-00341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Coffee bean weevil (Araecerus fasciculatus DeGeer) (Coleoptera: Anthribidae) infestation is a major challenge affecting processed, dried, and stored foods globally. However, the growth performance of this insect pest in processed and stored cassava, plantain, yam, and cocoyam is poorly understood. Resolving this will guide future biotechnological efforts on these food products. In the study, the susceptibility rate of the processed and stored product of cassava, yam, cocoyam, and plantain to the growth performance of the coffee bean weevil at laboratory conditions (20 ± 5 °C and 70 ± 5% R.H.) was investigated. The anti-nutritional (phytate, alkaloids, saponin, tannin, and oxalate) contents of this stored food were used to characterize the survival rate of A. fasciculatus. The study was carried out for 6 months between December 2012 and May 2013. Results Results show that the adult longevity, growth, and feeding of the adult A. fasciculatus decrease in order from Cassava, Plantain, Yam to Cocoyam. Cocoyam has the highest tannin, alkaloid, and phytate values, which are possible factors that inhibited the growth of the larvae, pupae, and adults' A. fasciculatus. The highest weight loss occurred in cassava followed by plantain. The anti-nutritional factors determine the hatchability of the A. fasciculatus eggs and throughout its development stages. This study revealed that processed and stored products (e.g., cocoyam) with high anti-nutritional factors can survive A. fasciculatus under prolonged storage. Conclusions From this study, it is observed that high anti-nutritional compounds in the stored food products inhibit the growth of Araecerus fasciculatus, especially in cocoyam. The result is important in food security and management in developing countries where food insecurity has become a major challenge.
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Zhou S, Wei Q, Fan H, Zhang Y, Gao G, Hu X. Cross-linking and self-assembly synthesis of tannin-based carbon frameworks cathode for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 644:478-486. [PMID: 37141782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon frameworks with well-developed porosity present broad application prospects in energy-related materials, and green preparation still face challenges. Herein, the tannins-derived framework-like carbon material is obtained by cross-linking and self-assembly strategy.The phenolic hydroxyl and quinones in tannin cross-linking react with the amine groups in the methenamine by simple stirring, which drives the self-assembly of tannins and methenamine,contributing to the reaction products being precipitated in solution as aggregates with framework-like structure. The porosity and micromorphology of framework-like structures are further enriched by the thermal stability difference between tannin and methenamine. The methenamine of framework-like structures is entirely removed by the sublimation and decomposition and the tannin is transformed into carbon materials inheriting framework-like structures after the carbonization, which offers the path for rapid electron transport. The framework-like structure, excellent specific surface area and nitrogen doping give the assembled Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors a superior specific capacitance of 165.3 mAh·g-1 (350.4 F·g-1). This device could be charged to 1.87 V to power the bulb by using solar panels. This study proves that the tannin-derived framework-like carbon is a promising electrode of the Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors, which is beneficial for value-added and industrial supercapacitors application of green feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Zhou
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Qinhong Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Huailin Fan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China; Shandong Yuntianyi New Material Technology Co. Ltd, Liaocheng 252000, PR China.
| | - Yuanrong Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Guoming Gao
- Shandong Yuntianyi New Material Technology Co. Ltd, Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - Xun Hu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
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20
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Xu G, Zhang Q, Xi X, Lei H, Cao M, Du G, Wu Z. Tannin-based wood adhesive with good water resistance crosslinked by hexanediamine. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123644. [PMID: 36791937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
As a biomass material, tannins are used in the preparation of wood adhesives, but their poor strength and water resistance has greatly limited their application. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare tannin-based wood adhesives with good water resistance. In the present study, tannin and hexanediamine were simply mixed at room temperature to prepare tannin-hexanediamine (TH) adhesive and then used to prepare plywood. Effects of mass ratio of hexanediamine to tannin and pH value of TH adhesive are studied. The results indicating the effects of mass ratio and pH value are apparent on shear strength. When the mass ratio is above 25 % and the pH value is above 9, the plywood shows good water resistance. Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used to determine the structures of TH adhesive, confirmed the reaction between tannin and hexanediamine to form macromolecules. Simultaneous thermal analyzer (TG-DSC) and Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) are used to analyze the thermal properties, indicate TH resin contains a good storage module and heat resistance. Therefore, with its good shear strength and water resistance, this newly developed tannin-based adhesive has the potential to application in wood-based panel industry, as an alternative of formaldehyde-based adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Xuedong Xi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China.
| | - Hong Lei
- School of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Ming Cao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Guanben Du
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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21
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Hou J, Gong X, Zhong Y, Cheng C, Liu M, Yang Z. Immobilization of tannin onto dialdehyde chitosan as a strategy for highly efficient and selective Au(III) adsorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123919. [PMID: 36871692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Recycling of Au(III) from wastewater can not only increase resource utilization but also reduce environmental pollution. Herein, a chitosan-based bio-adsorbent (DCTS-TA) was successfully synthesized via crosslinking reaction between tannin (TA) and dialdehyde chitosan (DCTS) for the recovery of Au(III) from the solution. The maximum adsorption capacity for Au(III) was 1146.59 mg/g at pH 3.0, which fitted well with the Langmuir model. The XRD, XPS, and SEM-EDS analyses demonstrated that Au(III) adsorption on DCTS-TA was a collaborative process involving electrostatic interaction, chelation, and redox reaction. Existence of multiple coexisting metal ions did not significantly affect the Au(III) adsorption efficiency, with >90 % recovery of DCTS-TA obtained after five cycles. DCTS-TA is a promising candidate for Au(III) recovery from aqueous solutions due to its easy preparation, environmental-friendliness, and high efficiency.
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22
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Sekowski S, Olchowik-Grabarek E, Dubis AT, Sharan L, Kumar A, Abdulladjanova N, Markiewicz P, Zamaraeva M. Inhibition of AGEs formation, antioxidative, and cytoprotective activity of Sumac (Rhus typhina L.) tannin under hyperglycemia: molecular and cellular study. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:443-57. [PMID: 35861915 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that accumulation of advanced glycation ends products (AGEs) lead to various diseases such as diabetes and diabetic complications. In this study we showed that hydrolysable tannin from Sumac (Rhus typhina L.)-3,6-bis-O-di-O-galloyl-1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (C55H40O34) inhibited generation of glycation markers in bovine serum albumin such as AGEs, dityrosine, N'-formylkynurenine and kynurenine under high glucose treatment. This effect was accompanied by stabilization of the protein structure, as was shown using ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy and fluorescence methods. C55H40O34 exhibited also a neuroprotective effect in high glucose-exposed Neuro2A cells suppressing ROS formation and expression of phospho NF-κβ and iNOS. At the same time C55H40O34 increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase and mitochondrial complex I and V activities. Results from this study demonstrates a potent antiglycation activity of C55H40O34 in vitro and indicates its possible therapeutic application in glycation related diseases.
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23
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Sirisangsawang R, Phetyim N. Optimization of tannin extraction from coconut coir through response surface methodology. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13377. [PMID: 36816295 PMCID: PMC9936520 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coconut coir is produced by extracting tiny grains of coir from coconut shell, which is an agricultural product that is abundant in Thailand. Coir is typically discarded, but it is a useful material because it contains tannins. Tannin is a polyphenolic compound that is prevalent in the plant kingdom, including in wood, bark, rhizomes, roots, and fruits. In this study, we extracted tannins from coconut coir using two types of solvents: water and ethanol. Optimization of the tannin content was achieved via RSM (response surface methodology) with the assistance of Design-Expert software. Meanwhile, the temperature (30-70 °C), ratio of solid to solvent (1:20-1:40), and solvent type (water or ethanol) were optimized via central composite design (CCD). The optimum model using analysis of variance revealed R2 = 0.9825, and adj.R2 = 0.9687. Temperature is affected by tannin content, and high temperatures result in a higher tannin content when using water than when using ethanol. Optimum conditions for coconut coir extraction using water with ethanol include a ratio for solid to solvent of 1:30 and the temperature set to 70 °C. The validated model exhibits errors of 8.24 and 11.08% for water and ethanol, respectively. Confirmation of the presence of tannins in the crude extract was carried out via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and through the use of liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
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de Moraes NP, Boldrin FHC, Campos TMB, Thim GP, Lianqing Y, de Vasconcelos Lanza MR, Rodrigues LA. Black-wattle tannin/kraft lignin H 3PO 4-activated carbon xerogels as excellent and sustainable adsorbents. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:58-70. [PMID: 36529224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This work proposed new black-wattle tannin/kraft lignin H3PO4-activated carbon xerogels as sustainable and efficient adsorbents. The precursors were chosen based on their eco-friendly and cost-effective nature, aiming to achieve adsorbents with high adsorption capacities. Carbon xerogels were synthesized through polycondensation with formaldehyde and alkaline catalyst in a simple one-pot procedure. Activation was performed using H3PO4 in a tubular furnace (500 °C), under a nitrogen atmosphere. Results show that the inclusion of the kraft lignin led to changes in the morphology of the materials, facilitating the development of their porous structure and increasing specific surface area and pore volume. The best adsorbent (XLT 50 %) was synthesized using a 1:1 tannin/kraft lignin mass ratio. This material presented an adsorption capacity of nearly 1150 mg g-1 of methylene blue (pH = 5 and T = 298 K), which was linked to its high specific surface area of 1348 m2 g-1. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, whereas the adsorption isotherms were best fitted by the Sips model. The XLT 50 % presented good reusability properties, maintaining its adsorption capacity for 3 cycles. Finally, the XLT 50 % presented good adsorptive properties toward other pollutants (methyl orange, 4-chlorophenol, and hexavalent chromium), indicating its versatility for adsorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Perciani de Moraes
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trab. São Carlense, 400 Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos
- Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica-ITA/CTA, Praça Mal. Eduardo Gomes 50, CEP 12228-900 São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilmar Patrocínio Thim
- Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica-ITA/CTA, Praça Mal. Eduardo Gomes 50, CEP 12228-900 São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yu Lianqing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, QingDao 266580, China
| | - Marcos Roberto de Vasconcelos Lanza
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trab. São Carlense, 400 Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Liana Alvares Rodrigues
- Escola de Engenharia de Lorena-EEL/USP, Estrada Municipal do Campinho S/N, CEP 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil.
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25
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Richter C, Behringer V, Manig F, Henle T, Hohmann G, Zierau O. Traces of dietary patterns in saliva of hominids: Profiling salivary amino acid fingerprints in great apes and humans. J Hum Evol 2023; 175:103305. [PMID: 36586354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Herbivorous animals that regularly consume tannin-rich food are known to secrete certain tannin-binding salivary proteins (TBSPs), especially proline-rich proteins and histidine-rich proteins, as an effective measure to counteract the antinutritive effects of dietary tannins. Due to their high binding capacity, TBSPs complex with tannins in the oral cavity, and thereby protect dietary proteins and digestive enzymes. Although the natural diet of great apes (Hominidae) is biased toward ripe fruits, analyses of food plants revealed that their natural diet contains considerable amounts of tannins, which is raising the question of possible counter-measures to cope with dietary tannins. In our study, we investigated the salivary amino acid profiles of zoo-housed Pan paniscus, Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, and Pongo abelii, and compared their results with corresponding data from Homo sapiens. Individual saliva samples of 42 apes and 17 humans were collected and quantitated by amino acid analysis, using cation-exchange chromatography with postcolumn derivatization, following acid hydrolysis. We found species-specific differences in the salivary amino acid profiles with average total salivary protein concentration ranging from 308.8 mg/dL in Po. abelii to 1165.6 mg/dL in G. gorilla. Total salivary protein was consistently higher in ape than in human saliva samples (174 mg/dL). All apes had on average also higher relative proline levels than humans did. Histidine levels had the highest concentration in the samples from Po. abelii followed by P. paniscus. In all ape species, the high salivary concentrations of proline and histidine are considered to be indicative of high concentrations of TBSPs in hominids. Given that the species differences in salivary composition obtained in this study correspond with overall patterns of secondary compound content in the diet of wild populations, we assume that salivary composition is resilient to acute and long-lasting changes in diet composition in general and tannin content in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Richter
- Institute of Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Verena Behringer
- Institute of Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Endocrinology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Friederike Manig
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gottfried Hohmann
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver Zierau
- Institute of Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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26
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Moreira WM, Viotti PV, de Moura AA, Gimenes ML, Vieira MGA. Synthesis of a biobased resin and its screening as an alternative adsorbent for organic and inorganic micropollutant removal. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:79935-79953. [PMID: 35091942 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The sol-gel route was used to synthesize a biophenolic resin from a blend of Kraft black liquor and condensed tannin. The biobased resin has an amorphous structure and diversified surface functional groups. The biomaterial thermal stability was improved by Kraft black liquor, which increased the fixed carbon yield by 19.78% in an oxidant medium and 9.07% in an inert medium. Moreover, the presence of fixed carbon and char is positively related to the material flame retardant property. Additionally, impedance measurements were used to understand the physical phenomena occurring at the polymeric matrix's interface and the material's final properties. The biobased resin characterization and the considerable increase in the presence of micropollutants in surface and water bodies suggest the new biomaterial application in the adsorption process. Thus, its adsorption capacity toward several organic and inorganic micropollutants and its effectiveness in complex water matrices were evaluated. Methylene blue was used as a model compound to assess the influence of the resin composition on the adsorption capacity, and the type H isotherm indicates the high affinity of the biobased resin toward the micropollutant. The adsorption occurs in multilayer by intermolecular interaction and electrostatic forces. The amount of Kraft black liquor favored the adsorption, and the adsorption capacity was greater than 1250 mg g-1. When inorganic compounds were evaluated, the carboxyl and phenol groups favor the biomaterial affinity toward metal ions. Cu2+ and Ni2+ were completely removed from the contaminated water, and the adsorption capacity of the other inorganic compounds was: Pb2+ (36.97 mg g-1), Al3+ (22.17 mg g-1), Ba2+ (12.76 mg g-1), Ag1+ (33.85 mg g-1), and Fe2+ (19.44 mg g-1). In contrast, the adsorption capacity of the organic micropollutants was: 2,4-D (3.09 mg g-1), diuron (5.89 mg g-1), atrazine (2.71 mg g-1), diclofenac (2.04 mg g-1), caffeine (5.79 mg g-1), acetaminophen (4.80 mg g-1), methylene Blue (106.66 mg g-1), and methyl orange (30.48 mg g-1). The results pointed that the adsorption efficiency of organic micropollutants increases with the distribution coefficient (logD), indicating the biobased resin affinity toward more lipophilic compounds and ionized species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wardleison Martins Moreira
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 50013083-852, Brazil.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil.
| | - Paula Valéria Viotti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Amado de Moura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Luiz Gimenes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 50013083-852, Brazil
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27
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Yang Y, Jiang Y, Wang X, Han S. Chemiluminescence of doped carbon dots with H 2O 2-KMnO 4 system for the detection of Cu 2+ and tannin. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 279:121434. [PMID: 35653811 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The carbon dots doped with chlorine and phosphorus (CDs-Cl,P) were used as chemiluminescence (CL) reagent for the sensitive detection of copper ions (Cu2+) and tannin (TA). The CDs-Cl,P was found to strongly enhance the reaction of H2O2 and KMnO4 in alkaline medium. The enhanced CL behavior of CDs-Cl,P was investigated and it was found that some radicals such as •OH, •O2- and 1O2 appeared in the CL reaction process. The participation of Cu2+ could result in an enhanced CL intensity of the CDs-Cl,P-H2O2-KMnO4 system due to the Cu2+-catalyzed decomposition of H2O2 resulting in more •OH generation. Therefore, the CDs-Cl,P-H2O2-KMnO4 system was used to selectively quantify Cu2+ in solution by CL emission. A linear increase was observed between CL intensity and Cu2+ concentration. The CDs-Cl,P-H2O2-KMnO4 system allowed the detection of Cu2+ down to lower concentration of 0.1 μM with a linear range of 0.2-60.0 μM. Moreover, TA as a common polyphenolic compound, could selectively decrease the CL signal of the CDs-Cl,P-H2O2-KMnO4-Cu2+ system due to its complexation with Cu2+. On this basis, the CL assay for TA was also developed. The detection limit was 0.14 μM and the linear range was from 5.0 μM to 100.0 μM. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of Cu2+ and TA in water, rice dumplings leaves, sodium copper chlorophyllin and wine samples with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yamei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Suqin Han
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, PR China.
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28
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Yang Z, Hou J, Pan Z, Wu M, Zhang M, Wu J, Miao L. A innovative stepwise strategy using magnetic Fe 3O 4-co-graft tannin/polyethyleneimine composites in a coupled process of sulfate radical-advanced oxidation processes to control harmful algal blooms. J Hazard Mater 2022; 439:129485. [PMID: 35868085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel co-graft tannin and polyethyleneimine co-coating magnetic composite (TP@Fe3O4) was prepared in the study. On this premise, an unique stepwise efficient strategy based on magnetic flocculation and Sulfate radical (SO4•-)-advanced oxidation processes (S-AOPs) for eliminating Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) and algal organic matters (AOMs) was presented. Due to the high positive charge of TP@Fe3O4, a > 99 % high algae removal rate was obtained at a modest TP@Fe3O4 dosage of 100 mg/L at pH = 8.0 with a short separation time of 5 min. Further, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) treatment was employed as a pre-oxidation method to lower cell stability and promote M. aeruginosa removal by subsequent TP@Fe3O4 flocculation. The PMS/TP@Fe3O4 system successfully cuts the optimum dose of TP@Fe3O4 in half (50 mg/L) without causing obvious cell damage. Following algal fast magnetic separation, ultraviolet (UV) was introduced to activate PMS to totally degrade AOM and microcystin. Response surface methodology (RSM) demonstrated that UV/PMS oxidation removed > 80 % of DOC and > 94 % of microcystin under optimal conditions. SO4•- was the main radical species that aided in the elimination of AOM. This is the first study to use magnetic flocculation in conjunction with AOPs to mitigate harmful algal blooms, which can enable the non-destructive eradication of M. aeruginosa while also efficiently degrading AOMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Zhengguo Pan
- Wuxi Delinhai Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Miao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lingzhan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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29
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Tsurunaga Y, Takahashi T, Kanou M, Onda M, Ishigaki M. Removal of astringency from persimmon paste via polysaccharide treatment. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10716. [PMID: 36185145 PMCID: PMC9519491 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-astringent persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) paste is typically produced by treating astringent persimmon fruit with alcohol or dry ice (to remove tannins) followed by abrasion. However, considering the large yield of astringent persimmons harvested in a short time, this long, laborious method has hindered the use of persimmon paste in food processing. Herein, the addition of polysaccharides was used to produce a non-astringent persimmon paste while maintaining its quality. Among the nine evaluated polysaccharides, high- (HM) and low-methoxyl (LM) pectins, carrageenan, xanthan gum, and sodium alginate exhibited high astringency removal efficiencies. No astringency recurrence was observed after freezing when HM or LM pectin, guar gum, carrageenan, or sodium alginate were added. Moreover, the addition of HM pectin, or LM pectin, or sodium alginate prevented astringency upon heating. Additionally, guar, xanthan, tara gum, or carrageenan effectively inhibited syneresis. Thus, high-quality pastes could be easily and efficiently produced using a combination of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Tsurunaga
- Faculty of Human Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue City, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- Faculty of Human Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue City, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Mina Kanou
- Graduate School of Human and Social Sciences, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue City, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Misaki Onda
- Faculty of Education, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue City, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Mika Ishigaki
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue City, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
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30
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Li S, Cui Y, Liu D, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Liu Z. Transcriptome analysis and characterization of genes associated to leaf tannin content in foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.]. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:512. [PMID: 35836120 PMCID: PMC9284691 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chinese chestnut is an economically important tree species whose yield and quality are seriously affected by red spider attack. Tannins is one of the most important class secondary metabolites in plants, and is closely associated with plant defense mechanisms against insect and herbivory. In our previous studies, it was revealed that several low-tannin foxtail millet varieties growing under the Chinese chestnut trees could attract red spiders to feed on their leaves and protect the chestnut trees from the infestation of red spiders, meanwhile, the growth and yield of foxtail millet plants themselves were not greatly affected. Results To identify genes related to leaf tannin content and selection of foxtail millet germplasm resources with low tannin content for interplanting with Chinese chestnut and preventing the red spider attack, the leaves of 4 varieties with different levels of tannin content were harvested for comparative transcriptome analysis. In total, 335 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. For acquisition of gene functions and biological pathways they involved in, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed, and several DEGs were found to possibly participate in the tannins biosynthesis pathway and transport processes of precursors. In addition, according to the PlantTFDB database, some transcription factors were predicted among the DEGs, suggesting their role in regulation of tannins biosynthesis pathway. Conclusion Our results provide valuable gene resources for understanding the biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms of tannins in foxtail millet, and pave the way for speeding up the breeding of low-tannin varieties through marker-assisted selection, which could be utilized for interplanting with Chinese chestnut trees to confer protection against red spider attack. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08746-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suying Li
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, China
| | - Yanjiao Cui
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhengli Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, China.
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Gao J, Zhao G. Potentials of using dietary plant secondary metabolites to mitigate nitrous oxide emissions from excreta of cattle: Impacts, mechanisms and perspectives. Anim Nutr 2022; 9:327-334. [PMID: 35647327 PMCID: PMC9118128 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas as well as the key component depleting the ozone sphere of the earth. Cattle have high feed and water intakes and excrete large amounts of urine and feces. N2O can be produced from cattle excreta during storage and use as fertilizer. Mitigating the N2O emissions from cattle excreta during production is important for protecting the environment and the sustainable development of the cattle industry. Feeding cattle with low-protein diets increases N utilization rates, decreases N excretion and consequently reduces N2O emissions. However, this approach cannot be applied in the long term because of its negative impact on animal performance. Recent studies showed that dietary inclusion of some plant secondary metabolites such as tannins, anthocyanins, glucosinolates and aucubin could manipulate the N excretion and the urinary components and consequently regulate N2O emissions from cattle excreta. This review summarized the recent developments in the effects of dietary tannins, anthocyanins and glucosinolates on the metabolism of cattle and the N2O emissions from cattle excreta and concluded that dietary inclusion of tannins or anthocyanins could considerably reduce N2O emissions from cattle excreta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Guangyong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
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Tomasi IT, Machado CA, Boaventura RAR, Botelho CMS, Santos SCR. Tannin-based coagulants: Current development and prospects on synthesis and uses. Sci Total Environ 2022; 822:153454. [PMID: 35093370 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Population growth, industrialization, urbanization, and agriculture lead to a decrease in the availability of clean water. Coagulation/flocculation is one of the most common operations in water, urban wastewater, and industrial effluents treatment systems. Usually, this process is achieved using conventional coagulants that have their performance affected by pH, are poorly biodegradable, produce a huge volume of sludge, and are associated with degenerative diseases. As a substitute for these chemicals, natural coagulants have been highly researched for the last ten/fifteen years, especially the tannin-based (TB) ones. This review paper highlights the advantages of using these greener products to treat different types of water, wastewater, and effluents, especially from dairy, cosmetics, laundries, textile, and other industries. TB coagulants can successfully remove turbidity, color, suspended solids, soluble organic (chemical/biochemical oxygen demand) and inorganic matter (total phosphate, and heavy metals), and microorganisms. TB coagulants are compatible with other treatment technologies and can be used as coagulant-aid to reduce the consumption of chemicals. TB coagulants can reduce operating costs of water treatment due to less alkalinity consumption, as pH adjustment is sometimes unnecessary, and the production of a smaller volume of biodegradable sludge. TB coagulants can be synthesized by valorizing wastes/by-products, from the bark of some specific trees and skins/pomace of different fruits and vegetables. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) on TB coagulants are discussed. The progress of TB coagulants is promising, but some threats should be overcome, especially on tannin extraction and cationization. The market competition with conventional coagulants, the feasibility of application in real waters, and the reluctance of the industries to adapt to new technologies are other weaknesses to be surpassed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella T Tomasi
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia A Machado
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui A R Boaventura
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cidália M S Botelho
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sílvia C R Santos
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Tahari N, de Hoyos-Martinez PL, Izaguirre N, Houwaida N, Abderrabba M, Ayadi S, Labidi J. Preparation of chitosan/ tannin and montmorillonite films as adsorbents for Methyl Orange dye removal. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:94-106. [PMID: 35525495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel chitosan/tannin/montmorillonite (Cs/Tn/MMT) films were synthesised by loading different (from 0.2 to 0.5 wt%) and MMT (from 0.5 to 1.5 wt%) ratios, to be used as promising low-cost biosorbents for methyl orange (MO) removal from aqueous media. The prepared films were characterised using different techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water contact angle, optical properties, colourimetric measurement, porosity, swelling and thickness. The effects of various parameters, i.e. initial MO concentration, adsorbent dose, pH and temperature, were studied. The Cs/Tn0.2/MMT1 film showed a high removal efficiency of 95.62% and maximum adsorption capacity of 57.37 mg/g under the optimum adsorption conditions (initial methyl orange concentration 60 mg/L, pH 7 and 25 °C). The adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo second order kinetic model and the experimental data were a good fit for the Langmuir isotherm indicating a homogeneous and monolayer adsorption process. The thermodynamic parameters suggested physical adsorption and exothermic behaviour. Consequently, Cs/Tn/MMT films showed effective potential for the uptake of anionic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Tahari
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, B.P: 248, El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Materials, Molecules and Applications, IPEST, Preparatory Institute of Scientific and Technical Studies of Tunis, University of Carthage, Sidi Bou Said road, B. P.512070, La Marsa, Tunisia; Biorefinery Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza. Europa1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Pedro L de Hoyos-Martinez
- Biorefinery Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza. Europa1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nagore Izaguirre
- Biorefinery Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza. Europa1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nefzi Houwaida
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, B.P: 248, El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Materials, Molecules and Applications, IPEST, Preparatory Institute of Scientific and Technical Studies of Tunis, University of Carthage, Sidi Bou Said road, B. P.512070, La Marsa, Tunisia; Biorefinery Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza. Europa1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Manef Abderrabba
- Laboratory of Materials, Molecules and Applications, IPEST, Preparatory Institute of Scientific and Technical Studies of Tunis, University of Carthage, Sidi Bou Said road, B. P.512070, La Marsa, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Ayadi
- Laboratory of Materials, Treatment and Analysis, INRAP, Technopôle Sidi-Thabet, Tunis 2020, Tunisia
| | - Jalel Labidi
- Biorefinery Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza. Europa1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
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Hayat T, Adeel S, Batool F, Amin N, Ahmad T, Ozomay M. Waste black tea leaves (Camelia sinensis) as a sustainable source of tannin natural colorant for bio-treated silk dyeing. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:24035-24048. [PMID: 34822080 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly products are the need of the hour, particularly in this pandemic situation because synthetic products need such toxic chemicals for their formulation and finishing which are carcinogenic for the globe. The current study is the utilization of waste black tea leaf (BT)-based tannin brown natural colorant for silk dyeing using microwave treatment. Dye (tannin) has been isolated in various media before and after microwave treatment up to 6 min and applied at various conditions. It has been found that 30 mL of aqueous extract of 3.0 pH obtained from 6.0 g of powder containing 3.0 g/100 mL of salt as an exhausting agent after microwave treatment for 5 min, when employed at 55 °C for 45 min, has given good color yield onto silk. Iron (3%) and acacia extract (2%) as pre-chemical and bio mordant, iron (2%) and pomegranate extract (2%) as post chemical and bio-mordant, and Al (3 %) and pomegranate extract (3%) as meta chemical and bio-mordant have given new shades with good to excellent fastness ratings. It is inferred that waste black tea leaves (BTs) in an aqueous medium have an excellent potential to serve as a source of natural tannin brown dye for the coloration of surface-modified silk fabrics under the influence of cost, energy, and time-effective microwave treatment. Additionally, the utilization of a low amount of sustainable chemical and bio-mordants has valorized the dyeing of silk by developing soothing and sustainable shades with good fastness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyab Hayat
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College University Faisalabad 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Adeel
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College University Faisalabad 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Fatima Batool
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nimra Amin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Govt. College University Faisalabad 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanvir Ahmad
- Department of Statistics, Govt. College University Faisalabad 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Meral Ozomay
- Department of Textile Engineering, Marmara University Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chen H, Liu F, Cai C, Wu H, Yang L. Removal of Hg 2+ from desulfurization wastewater by tannin-immobilized graphene oxide. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:17964-17976. [PMID: 34677779 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16993-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel adsorbent consisting of tannic acid (TA) immobilized on graphene oxide (GO) was proposed and used to remove Hg2+ from desulfurization wastewater. The morphology and physicochemical properties of tannin-immobilized graphene oxide (TAIGO) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The characterization results showed that TA was successfully immobilized on GO, and that new functional groups were introduced on TAIGO. The effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and ion components on removal efficiency were evaluated. The adsorption process was found to be complete within 15 min, and the removal efficiency increased with increasing adsorbent dosage. The pH value affected the protonation of TAIGO and the form of Hg2+ in wastewater. High concentrations of Cl- and SO32- hindered the adsorption performance, whereas SO42- and cations had a negligible effect. In addition, the excellent economic benefits of TAIGO were analyzed in an economic evaluation, and the Hg2+ removal efficiency remained at 88% after three recycles. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R = 0.9995) was used to fit the adsorption process, and the oxygen-containing functional groups and chelation reaction played critical roles in adsorption. TAIGO is a low-cost adsorbent with high Hg2+ removal efficiency and could be further used in practical desulfurization wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenjian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Energy & Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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Bona NP, Soares MSP, Pedra NS, Spohr L, da Silva Dos Santos F, de Farias AS, Alvez FL, de Moraes Meine B, Luduvico KP, Spanevello RM, Stefanello FM. Tannic Acid Attenuates Peripheral and Brain Changes in a Preclinical Rat Model of Glioblastoma by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Purinergic Signaling. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1541-1552. [PMID: 35178643 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly aggressive and invasive brain tumor; its treatment remains palliative. Tannic acid (TA) is a polyphenol widely found in foods and possesses antitumor and neuroprotective activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TA on oxidative stress parameters and the activity of ectonucleotidases in the serum, platelets, and lymphocytes and/or in the brain of rats with preclinical GB. Rats with GB were treated intragastrically with TA (50 mg/kg/day) for 15 days or with a vehicle. In the platelets of the animals with glioma, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) hydrolysis and the catalase (CAT) activity decreased. Besides, the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) hydrolysis, adenosine (Ado) deamination, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrite levels were increased in glioma animals; however, TA reversed ROS and nitrite levels and AMP hydrolysis alterations. In lymphocytes from animals with glioma, the ATP and ADP hydrolysis, as well as Ado deamination were increased; TA treatment countered this increase. In the brain of the animals with glioma, the ROS, nitrite, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels increased and the thiol (SH) levels and CAT and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were decreased; TA treatment decreased the ROS and TBARS levels and restored the SOD activity. In the serum of the animals with glioma, the ATP hydrolysis decreased; TA treatment restored this parameter. Additionally, the ROS levels increased and the SH and SOD activity decreased by glioma implant; TA treatment enhanced nitrite levels and reversed SOD activity. Altogether, our results suggest that TA is an important target in the treatment of GB, as it modulates purinergic and redox systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Pontes Bona
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Stark Pedra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza Spohr
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Francieli da Silva Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Alana Seixas de Farias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Lopez Alvez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo de Moraes Meine
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Karina Pereira Luduvico
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96010-900, Brazil.
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Bacelo H, Santos SCR, Ribeiro A, Boaventura RAR, Botelho CMS. Antimony removal from water by pine bark tannin resin: Batch and fixed-bed adsorption. J Environ Manage 2022; 302:114100. [PMID: 34794053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antimony is present in water by natural causes but is also mobilized in the environment by anthropogenic activities, particularly mining. Considering its toxicological behavior, antimony removal from contaminated groundwater and mine effluents is necessary. In this work, Sb(III) and Sb(V) removal from aqueous solution was studied using a resin prepared from pine bark tannins. Subsequent iron loading of the tannin resin was tested, but this chemical modification was shown not to improve adsorptive properties. Tannin resin (unmodified form) presented a good ability to uptake antimony, with maximum adsorption capacities, evaluated in batch mode, of 30-33 mg g-1 (Sb(III), pH 6) and 16-47 mg g-1 (Sb(V), pH 2), depending on the particle size. The performance of the adsorbent was not affected by high levels of sulfate, which characterize most mining-impacted waters, but depending on Sb-load of the water it could be moderately affected by metal cations coexisting in solution. The applicability of the tannin resin on Sb(III) uptake was confirmed in continuous fixed-bed experiments. Breakthrough curves were obtained for different inlet adsorbate concentrations, bed heights, flow rates and aqueous media (distilled water and a simulated mine effluent). The adsorptive capacity of the tannin resin was practically maintained and adsorbent usage rates as low as 0.11 kg m-3 were determined to treat efficiently (90% removal) 1 mg-Sb(III) L-1 contaminated water. Overall, tannin resin is a bio-derived sorbent that shows affinity for antimony in both redox states, being stable in pH conditions commonly found in Sb-contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Bacelo
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade Do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia C R Santos
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade Do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Andreia Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade Do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui A R Boaventura
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade Do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cidália M S Botelho
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade Do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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Xie Z, Wang M, Deng Y, Li J, Li J, Pang W, Xie L, Jiang D, Huang Z, He T, Yang G. Acute toxicity of eucalyptus leachate tannins to zebrafish and the mitigation effect of Fe 3+ on tannin toxicity. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 229:113077. [PMID: 34915221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fish ponds polluted by the black water of eucalyptus forests (formed by the complexation of eucalyptus tannins with Fe3+) have experienced fish deaths. However, the toxicity of the components of black water is still unclear. To study the acute toxicities of eucalyptus leachate tannins to fish, their changes in the presence of Fe3+, and the underlying mechanisms, the static bioassay test method was adopted for acute exposure testing of zebrafish. Zebrafish were exposed to three kinds of tannins, namely, tannic acid (TA), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and tannins from fresh eucalyptus leaf leacheate (TFL), and to solutions of these tannins with different molar ratios of Fe3+, under both no-aeration and aeration conditions. The results showed that the 48 h LC50 values of TA, EGCG and TFL were respectively 92, 47, and 186 mg·L-1, under no aeration, and 171, 86, and 452 mg·L-1 under aeration. When Fe3+ at 2, 1, and 6 times the molar amount of tannin was added to LC100 solutions of TA, EGCG and TFL, zebrafish mortality in 24 h was reduced to 0-33%. Acute fish death in eucalyptus plantation areas is related to high concentrations of eucalyptus tannins in the water. However, with increasing dissolved oxygen and Fe3+ levels, the acute toxicity of tannins to fish can be reduced. Thus, the black water in eucalyptus plantation areas reflects a water quality phenomenon that reduces the acute toxicity of eucalyptus tannins to fish. The mechanism of tannin toxicity to fish may be related to the impairment of oxygen delivery by fish blood, but the mechanism needs further study. These results provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of fish suffering from acute eucalyptus tannin poisoning in eucalyptus plantation areas and for the protection of water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Xie
- Forestry College of Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Miaoling Wang
- Forestry College of Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yusong Deng
- Forestry College of Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jining Li
- Forestry College of Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- Forestry College of Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wending Pang
- Forestry College of Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Liujun Xie
- Forestry College of Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Daihua Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tieguang He
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Gairen Yang
- Forestry College of Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China.
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Adeel S, Kiran S, Shahid M, Habib SR, Habib N, Hussaan M. Ecofriendly application of coconut coir (Cocos nucifera) extract for silk dyeing. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:564-572. [PMID: 34331230 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide resurgence of natural dyes in all fields is due to the carcinogenic effects of effluent loads shed by synthetic industries. Coconut coir (Cocos nucifera) containing tannin as a source of natural colorants has been selected for coloration of bio-mordanted silk under the influence of ultrasonic radiations at various dyeing conditions. For extraction of tannin dye from cocos powder, different media were employed, and dyeing variables such as dyeing time, dye bath pH, dyeing bath temperature, and the effect of salts on dyeing were optimized. For achieving new shades with excellent color characteristics, bio-mordants in comparison with chemical mordants were employed. It has been found that acid-solubilized extract after ultrasonic treatment for 45 min has yielded high color strength, when coconut coir extract of 4 pH from 6g of cocos powder, containing 5g/100mL salt solution as exhaust agent, was used to dye silk at 75°C for 65 min. Among bio-mordants turmeric (K/S=13.828) and among chemical mordants iron has shown excellent results (K/S=2.0856). Physiochemical analysis of fabric before and after US treatment shows that there is no change in the chemical structure of the fabric. It is found that ultrasonic waves have excellent potential to isolate the colorant followed by dyeing and environmental friendly mordanting at optimal conditions, but also the usage of herbal-based plant anchors, i.e., bio-mordants, has made the natural dyeing process more sustainable and clean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Adeel
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Kiran
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Raza Habib
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Noman Habib
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hussaan
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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Patel DK. Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities, and Analytical Aspects of Strictinin: A Mini-Review. Recent Adv Antiinfect Drug Discov 2022; 17:86-94. [PMID: 35770392 DOI: 10.2174/2772434417666220628153913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants and their derived products have been used in history as food and medicine. Plant materials are rich sources of fiber, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive phytochemicals, which are useful for human beings. Strictinin is an important phytoconstituent of green tea. METHODS Present work mainly focuses on the biological importance, therapeutic potential, and pharmacological activities of strictinin in medicine. Numerous scientific data have been collected from various literature databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus database in order to realize the health beneficial potential of strictinin. Pharmacological data has been collected and analyzed in the present work to find the effectiveness of strictinin against human disorders and complications. Analytical data of strictinin has been also collected and analyzed in the present work. RESULTS Scientific data analysis revealed the biological importance of strictinin in medicine. Scientific data analysis signified the therapeutic benefit of strictinin mainly due to its anticancer, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant activity. However, enzymatic activities, cytotoxicity, effectiveness on skin disorders, and osteogenic potential of strictinin have also been discussed. Analytical data revealed the importance of modern analytical techniques in medicine for the separation, identification, and isolation of strictinin. CONCLUSION Present work signified the biological importance and therapeutic benefits of strictinin in medicine and other allied health sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhao P, Xue H, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhang K, Li D, Ji J, Niu L, Gao X, Luo J, Cui J. Silencing of cytochrome P450 gene CYP321A1 effects tannin detoxification and metabolism in Spodoptera litura. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:895-902. [PMID: 34843814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450 or CYP) plays an important role in the metabolism of insecticides and plant allelochemicals by insects. CYP321B1, a novel Spodoptera litura P450 gene, was identified and characterized. CYP321B1 contains a 1488 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a 495 amino acid protein. In fourth instar larvae, the highest CYP321B1 expression levels were found in the midgut and fat body. In the tannin feeding test, tannin can significantly induce the expression of CYP321B1 in the midgut and fat body of 4th instar larvae. To verify the function of CYP321B1, RNA interference and metabolome analysis were performed. The results showed that silencing CYP321B1 significantly reduced the rate of weight gain under tannin induction. Metabolome analysis showed silencing affected 47 different metabolites, mainly involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism, including amino acids, lipid fatty acids, organic acids and their derivatives. Henoxyacetic acid and cysteamine are the most highly regulated metabolites, respectively. These findings demonstrate that CYP321B1 plays an important role in tannin detoxification and metabolism. Functional knowledge about metabolite detoxification genes in this major herbivorous insect pest can provide new insights into this biological process and provide new targets for agricultural pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Dongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Jichao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Lin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Xueke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Junyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Jinjie Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
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Hrůzová K, Matsakas L, Rova U, Christakopoulos P. Organosolv fractionation of spruce bark using ethanol-water mixtures: Towards a novel bio-refinery concept. Bioresour Technol 2021; 341:125855. [PMID: 34523546 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of hot water extraction followed by organosolv pretreatment on the enzymatic hydrolysability of spruce bark biomass. To this end, samples were pretreated at five different temperatures in the presence or not of acid catalyst. The cellulose content of pretreated biomass reached 49.6% w/w. During the enzymatic hydrolysis trials with 3% w/w dry solids, the final hydrolysis yield reached up to 70.1%, which corresponded to the release of 7.8 g/L of glucose. Whereas, the final hydrolysis yield obtained during the high-gravity enzymatic hydrolysis reached up to 43.5%. The concentration of released glucose was in range of 33.3 - 40.0 g/L with a hemicellulose sugars in a range of 5.5 - 6.6 g/L. These values are suitable for downstream bioconversion processes and represent a significant improvement over existing steam pretreatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Hrůzová
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
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Qiao DW, Yao J, Song LJ, Yang JY. Migration of leather tannins and chromium in soils under the effect of simulated rain. Chemosphere 2021; 284:131413. [PMID: 34323793 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) and tannin are two major pollutants in leather industry. However, little is known about the co-migration of leather tannins and Cr in soils. In this study, column experiments were conducted to estimate Cr leaching behavior from topsoil and the environmental risk of the leachate at various tannin dosages and different ways (tannin either directly adding to the Cr-contaminated soil or adding stepwise through simulated rain) into the soil. The total Cr concentration in leachate was positively related with tannin content in soil, while Cr (Ⅵ) concentration was negatively correlated. The maximum cumulative leaching efficiency of total Cr from soil after six leaching events was 44.65% with 3 mg/g tannin adding into soil directly, and the maximum cumulative leaching efficiency of Cr (Ⅵ) was 38.75% with simulated rain leaching Cr-contaminated soil. With 3 mg/g tannin adding into soil, tannin concentration in the top layer (0-7 cm) lost by 32.67% after leaching, the amount of decomposed tannin was 0.25 mg/g, excluding the amount of tannin in leachate (3.63 mg/L) and the original amount in the soil (0.34 mg/g), indicating a slow degradation under natural condition. Both of the total Cr and Cr (Ⅵ) concentration in each layer of the soil columns decreased under tannin treatments compared with control. Compared with tannin adding stepwise into simulated rain, adding tannin into soil significantly (p < 0.05) affected the migration of Cr. Tannin increased the residual fraction while decreased the exchangeable fraction of Cr in the soils. Overall, this research can provide reference information for environmental risk assessment of contaminants in tanning sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Wen Qiao
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jian Yao
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Li-Jie Song
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Hampel VS, Poli CHEC, Joy M, Tontini JF, Devincenzi T, Pardos JRB, Macedo REF, Nalério EN, Saccol AGF, Rodrigues E, Manfroi V, Fajardo NM. Tropical grass and legume pastures may alter lamb meat physical and chemical characteristics. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:427. [PMID: 34341838 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study assessed the influence of the type of the tropical pastures on lamb body weight (BW) gain and meat quality. Fifty-four lambs were allocated to three grazing pastures: (1) AG - Aruana grass (Panicum maximum cv. IZ-5); (2) PP - pigeon pea legume (Cajanus cajan cv. Anão); and (3) CS - contiguous swards, half of the paddock with AG and half with PP. After 92 days of grazing, the lambs were slaughtered. Carcasses were evaluated and the longissimus muscle was collected to determine color, lipid profile, tocopherol concentrations, and lipid oxidation. Although the pastures present differences in the characteristics of nutritional quality, the animals did not show difference in BW gain. The results show that all forage presented similar concentration of alpha-tocopherol (137 ± 14.37 mg kg-1 of fresh matter), whereas total and condensed tannin contents were greater in PP, intermediate in CS, and the lowest in AG treatment (P = 0.0001). Meat α-tocopherol content was similar among treatments (P = 0.1392), with an average concentration close to the optimal level to reduce the meat oxidation. Meat from AG treatment had 45 and 25% lower n-6/n-3 ratio than meat from PP and CS treatments, respectively. The legume increases the unsaturated fatty acids and the grass can reduce the n6/n3 ratio. The level of condensed tannin concentration did show to have important effect on meat characteristics. Both tropical pastures studied can provide a high amount of alpha-tocopherol, generating a great potential to increase the concentration of this antioxidant in lamb's meat.
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Sparrow AM, Gill W, Dambergs RG, Close DC. Focus on the role of seed tannins and pectolytic enzymes in the color development of Pinot noir wine. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:405-413. [PMID: 34189466 PMCID: PMC8215140 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Maceration techniques which promote the extraction of color pigments and tannin from grapes are often sought in Pinot noir winemaking to optimise color stability; alternatively, exogenous grape tannins may be included during fermentation. To examine the effect of seed-derived tannins and the use of pectolytic enzymes on color development in wines, conventional must preparations of Vitis vinifera L. cv Pinot noir grapes were compared with wines made using a supplementary addition of either a commercial seed tannin product or previously fermented seeds, while in a complementary experiment, seeds were sequentially removed during fermentation. After 6 months bottle aging, wines supplemented with either a commercial seed tannin solution (0.4 g/L), or fermented seeds (20% w/w seeds) had from 60% to 95% higher tannin concentration than the untreated wine, and up to 60% more monomeric anthocyanins. Conversely, when a third of the seeds were removed from the fermenting wine, the concentration of both tannin and non-bleachable pigments was 20-30% lower than in untreated wines and the wine hue had more red-purple tones. Exploration of the use of pectolytic enzymes in conjunction with seed removal was also found to have a significant impact on wine color parameters. Further insights on the timing of egress of tannin precursors from seeds was obtained from histochemical examination of the seeds that had been removed during alcoholic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Sparrow
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Warwick Gill
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Robert G Dambergs
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Dugald C Close
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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Li W, Yao R, Xie L, Liu J, Weng X, Yue X, Li F. Dietary supplementation of grape seed tannin extract stimulated testis development, changed fatty acid profiles and increased testis antioxidant capacity in pre-puberty hu lambs. Theriogenology 2021; 172:160-168. [PMID: 34174754 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Grape seed tannin extract (GPE) from wine grape pomace has many effective anti-oxidative effects and is used as a promising natural feed additive in the animal feed industry. This study investigated the effect of GPE as a source of tannin on the antioxidant capacity and testis development in Hu lambs. Twenty-seven 3-month-old ram lambs were randomly assigned to three groups. For each treatment group, nine lambs were allocated to nine pens (one lamb per pen). The lambs in the control group were fed a control diet without GPE for 61 days from D21 to D80. Group I (TAN1) was fed with 0.36% GPE diet, and Group II (TAN2) was fed with 0.72% GPE diet. After an 81-day feeding trial, all lambs except the heaviest and lightest in each group were humanely slaughtered and investigated. Results showed that feeding GPE did not affect the body weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake, scrotal circumference, and testis index. Meanwhile, feeding with 0.36% GPE diet increased testis weight, testis volume, and epididymis weight (P ≤ 0.05) compared with those of the control, but no difference was found between TAN1 and TAN2 groups. Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-ZnSOD), steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR), cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), elongation of very long chain fatty acid protein 2 (ELOVL2), fatty acid desaturase (FADS2), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA in TAN1 and TAN2 groups were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). GPE also markedly increased the antioxidant status of testis. Compared with the control group, the treatment groups showed significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (314.23 ± 18.64 U/mg prot in control, 505.22 ± 63.47 U/mg prot in TAN1 and 587.88 ± 55.94 U/mg prot in TAN2, P < 0.05) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (98.23 ± 18.99 U/g prot in control, 202.15 ± 34.19 U/g prot in TAN1 and 189.57 ± 18.95 U/g prot in TAN2, P < 0.05). Consuming 0.72% GPE also changed the fatty acid profiles in testis with increased C15:1, C22:6n3, and total n-3 fatty acids (P < 0.05) but decreased C22:5n3 (P < 0.05). Therefore, feeding lambs with GPE stimulated testis seminiferous tubule development and increased the number of Sertoli cells (10.56 ± 0.44 in control, 14.10 ± 0.57 in TAN1 and 13.60 ± 0.42, P < 0.05), and seminiferous tubule diameter (109.30 ± 4.56 μm in control, 164.49 ± 5.37 μm in TAN1 and 146.56 ± 4.53 μm in TAN2, P < 0.05). These results suggested that feeding GPE in the early reproductive development stage of lambs upregulated the expression of antioxidative, steroidogenesis, and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism-related genes, changed the fatty acid profiles, increased the antioxidant capacity in lamb's testis, and contributed to testis development and spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
| | - Rongyu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Lixia Xie
- Wuwei Occupational College, Wuwei, 733000, China
| | - Jiamei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Xiuxiu Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Xiangpeng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Fadi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China; Gansu Runmu Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Yongchang, 737200, China; Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Meat Sheep Breeding, Minqin, 733300, China.
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Pérez-Rodríguez S, Pinto O, Izquierdo MT, Segura C, Poon PS, Celzard A, Matos J, Fierro V. Upgrading of pine tannin biochars as electrochemical capacitor electrodes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 601:863-76. [PMID: 34116473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Biochar derived from the pyrolysis of pine tannin is a green and available by-product of oil manufacturing that presents interesting features after having been activated by KOH at 650 °C. Different weight ratios of KOH to biochar were used and the resulting activated carbons (ACs) presented highly developed specific surface areas of up to 2190 m2 g-1, well-connected porosity and high oxygen content, leading to enhanced electrochemical performance when used as electrochemical capacitor electrodes in a 1 M H2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. Galvanostatic charge/discharge experiments evidenced that the best material achieved a maximum electrode capacitance of up to 232 F g-1 (at 0.5 A g-1) with a capacitance retention of 70% at 10 A g-1 using commercial mass loadings (i.e., approx. 10 mg cm-2). In addition, long cycling stability with a residual capacitance of 92 to 94% after 10,000 cycles at 5 A g-1 was achieved. These results prove that ACs derived from pine tannin biochars have great potential for their commercial use as electrochemical energy storage devices.
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Chandrakar A, Sahoo B, Raju J, Mohanta RK, Narayanan K, Garg AK. Response of anestrous heifers fed local grass or oak foliage-based diet with two different mineral mixtures. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:311. [PMID: 33966124 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02759-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of incorporation of two different mineral mixtures and/or oak leaves was studied on nutrient utilization and reproductive performance in anestrous heifers. Twenty-one anestrous heifers (18.2 ± 1.45 months; 229 ± 14.2 kg body weight) were randomly distributed into three similar groups. Heifers in control (T1) and first treatment group (T2) were fed concentrate mixture incorporated with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) specific mineral mixture and a customized mineral mixture developed specially for Kumaon hills (MMKH), respectively, along with local green grass (Pennisetum orientale). In the second treatment group (T3), concentrate mixture was the same as that of T2, while the source of roughage was local oak (Quercus leucotricophora) leaves containing 3.35% condensed tannin. A digestibility trial was conducted after 120 days of study. The feed intake was similar among the groups. Digestibility coefficient of crude protein (CP) was lower in T3 than T2 and comparable to T1. Feeding oak leaves improved absorption of calcium as compared to grass-fed animals. Bioavailability of copper and zinc was higher (P < 0.05) in oak leaves and MMKH fed group (T3) as compared to T1, but similar to T2. Conversely, absorption of iron had the reverse trend and was reflected in serum Fe concentration. Hematological, biochemical, enzyme and hormonal profiles were not influenced by any of the treatments. The relative occurrence of estrus cyclicity and conception rate was more in groups T2 and T3, respectively, than other groups. It was concluded that feeding oak foliage-based diet containing 1.87% tannin along with customized mineral mixture developed for Kumaon hills improved certain nutrient utilization and reproductive performance as compared to local green grass supplemented with BIS-specific mineral mixture or MMKH.
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Mierczynska-Vasilev A, Bindon K, Gawel R, Smith P, Vasilev K, Butt HJHJ, Koynov K. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to unravel the interactions between macromolecules in wine. Food Chem 2021; 352:129343. [PMID: 33652194 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the interaction of wine macromolecules with a bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). FCS offers the opportunity to study molecular and macromolecular aggregation without disturbing the wine by introducing only very small amounts of fluorescently labelled molecules to the system. It was observed that the diffusion coefficient of fluorescently labelled BSA varies with the addition of wine macromolecules, indicating changes in the protein conformation and the formation of complexes and aggregates. The addition of a wine polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan II-enriched fraction led to aggregation, while addition of a mannoprotein-enriched fraction exhibited a protective effect on protein aggregation. Proteins strongly interacted with tannins, leading to the precipitation of protein-tannin complexes, while the presence of polysaccharides prevented this precipitation. Finally, the application of FCS was demonstrated in real wines, to investigate the problem of protein haze formation through live monitoring of heat-induced aggregation in wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Mierczynska-Vasilev
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, Waite Precinct, Hartley Grove cnr Paratoo Road, Urrbrae (Adelaide) SA 5064, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
| | - Keren Bindon
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, Waite Precinct, Hartley Grove cnr Paratoo Road, Urrbrae (Adelaide) SA 5064, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
| | - Richard Gawel
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, Waite Precinct, Hartley Grove cnr Paratoo Road, Urrbrae (Adelaide) SA 5064, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
| | - Paul Smith
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, Waite Precinct, Hartley Grove cnr Paratoo Road, Urrbrae (Adelaide) SA 5064, PO Box 197, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; Wine Australia, P.O. Box 660, Kent Town, SA 5071, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | | | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Guneidy RA, Amer MA, Hakim AEE, Abdel-Shafy S, Allam SA. Effect of polyphenols extracted from Punica granatum and Acacia saligna plants on glutathione S-transferase of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus) annulatus (Acari: Ixodidae). J Parasit Dis 2021; 45:524-38. [PMID: 34295051 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-020-01323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks are hematophageal ectoparasites that transport major pathogens around the world. Glutathione S-transferases (GST) are involved in resistance to acaricide and redox balancing during the life cycle of the tick. The inhibition of tick GST enzymes by certain phenolic compounds, such as phenolic acids and tannins, can be a promising approach to tick control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Punica granatum red peel and Acacia saligna leaf extracts on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus GST activity in order to reduce the resistance of cattle to acaricide. The results showed that P. granatum ethanol extract (70%) contained the highest total phenol content (350 ± 1.2 μM GAE g-1), the highest condensed tannin content (270 ± 1.3 μM CE g-1) and the highest hydrolysable tannin content (70 ± 5.0 μM TAE g-1). Adult immersion test with a dosage of 100 mg ml-1 of A. saligna ethanol extracts had a significant mortality of 50% and 75% after 24 h and 96 h, respectively (p < 0.01). A simple and reproducible procedure was established to purify the whole R. annulatus GST (wRaGST) while a full-length cDNA of GST was cloned from a cDNA library of the local Egyptian cattle tick R. (B.) annulatus (rRaGST). Aqueous extracts of P. granatum inhibited both wRaGST and rRaGST with values of IC50 = 0.114 and 0.07 µg ml-1, respectively, compared to A. saligna extracts (IC50 values = 2.08 and 1.35 µg ml, respectively). These inhibitory effects were attributed to the presence of a high tannin concentration (≥ 80%). HPLC analysis indicated the presence of gallic acid and catechin in both extracts, in addition to the rutin, which was only observed in A. saligna extracts. The addition of a tannin inhibitor, polyethylene glycol, suggested the existence of other phenolic compounds in combination with catechins responsible for inhibiting the activity of these extracts. Non-competitive behaviour of catechins may be helpful in preventing, or at least delaying, the development of chemical acaricide resistance in R. annulatus.
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