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Fu Y, Liu T, Wang X, Wang Y, Gong Q, Li G, Lin Q, Zhu S. Untargeted metabolomics reveal rhizosphere metabolites mechanisms on continuous ramie cropping. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1217956. [PMID: 37674737 PMCID: PMC10477603 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1217956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Ramie is an important fiber feed dual-purpose crop in China and plays an important role in the national economy. However, ramie yield and quality can be reduced after many years of continuous cultivation. Currently, relatively little research has been conducted on rhizosphere metabolites and their pathways in continuous ramie cropping. Therefore, a healthy group (CK) and obstacle groups (XZQG, JZ, DJY, and GXD) with 8 years of continuous cultivation were selected for the study. LC-MS and GC-MS untargeted metabolomics were used to explore and analyze ramie rhizosphere metabolites and pathways. The results revealed that significant differences in the agronomic traits of ramie occurred after 8 years of continuous cultivation, with dwarfed plants and decreased yields in the obstacle groups. Metabolomic analysis identified 49 and 19 rhizosphere metabolites, including lipids, organic acids, phenols, and amino acids. In addition, four differential metabolic pathways (phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism) were elucidated. It was also clarified that sinapic acid, jasmonic acid, glutamine, and inositol might be the main metabolites affecting ramie continuous-cropping obstacle groups, and they were significantly correlated with ramie agronomic traits and physiological indicators. This provided important insights into the mechanisms affecting continuous ramie cropping. Accordingly, it is expected that the increase or decrease of sinapic acid, jasmonic acid, glutamine, and inositol in the soil will alleviate obstacles to continuous ramie cropping and promote the healthy development of the ramie industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafen Fu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Tongying Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qiulin Gong
- Selenium Resources Development and Utilization Center, Yichun Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guang Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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Wang S, Bian T, Wu T, Zhang Y, Awais M, Fu H, Sun Z. Co-analysis of cucumber rhizosphere metabolites and microbial PLFAs under excessive fertilization in solar greenhouse. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1004836. [PMID: 36274730 PMCID: PMC9582138 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1004836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilizer application is the most common measure in agricultural production, which can promote the productivity of crops such as cucumbers, but the problem of excessive fertilization occurs frequently in solar greenhouses. However, the effects of fertilization levels on cucumber rhizosphere soil microbes and metabolites and their relationships are still unclear. In order to determine how fertilization levels affect the rhizosphere microenvironment, we set up four treatments in the solar greenhouse: no-fertilization (N0P0K0), normal fertilization (N1P1K1), slight excessive fertilization (N2P2K2), and extreme excessive fertilization (N3P3K3). The results showed that fertilization treatments significantly increased cucumber yield compared to no-fertilization, but, the yield of N3P3K3 was significantly lower than that of N1P1K1 and N2P2K2. Fertilization levels had significant effects on rhizosphere microorganisms, and pH, NH4 +-N and AP were the main environmental factors that affected the changes in microbial communities. The total PLFAs, the percentages of fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were significantly reduced and bacteria percentage was significantly increased in N3P3K3 compared to other fertilization treatments. Differential metabolites under different fertilization levels were mainly organic acids, esters and sugars. Soil phenols with autotoxic effect under fertilization treatments were higher than that of N0P0K0. In addition, compared with soil organic acids and alkanes of N0P0K0, N2P2K2 was significantly increased, and N3P3K3 was not significantly different. This suggested that cucumber could maintain microbial communities by secreting beneficial metabolites under slight excessive fertilization (N2P2K2). But under extremely excessive fertilization (N3P3K3), the self-regulating ability of cucumber plants and rhizosphere soil was insufficient to cope with high salt stress. Furthermore, co-occurrence network showed that 16:1ω5c (AMF) was positively correlated with 2-palmitoylglycerol, hentriacontane, 11-octadecenoic acid, decane,4-methyl- and d-trehalose, and negatively correlated with 9-octadecenoic acid at different fertilization levels. This indicated that the beneficial microorganisms in the cucumber rhizosphere soil promoted with beneficial metabolites and antagonized with harmful metabolites. But with the deepening of overfertilization, the content of beneficial microorganisms and metabolites decreased. The study provided new insights into the interaction of plant rhizosphere soil metabolites and soil microbiomes under the different fertilization levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of the Education Ministry, Liaoning, China,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surround Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Bian
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of the Education Ministry, Liaoning, China,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surround Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang, China
| | - Tong Wu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of the Education Ministry, Liaoning, China,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surround Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of the Education Ministry, Liaoning, China,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surround Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang, China
| | - Muhammad Awais
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of the Education Ministry, Liaoning, China,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surround Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongdan Fu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of the Education Ministry, Liaoning, China,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surround Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang, China,*Correspondence: Hongdan Fu,
| | - Zhouping Sun
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of the Education Ministry, Liaoning, China,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surround Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang, China,Zhouping Sun,
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Jo HE, Song K, Kim JG, Lee CH. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis for the comparative evaluation of volatile organic compounds in 20 globally representative cucumber lines. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1028735. [PMID: 36247645 PMCID: PMC9558236 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1028735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the main fruit-quality determinants in cucumber. Here, we investigated the differences in the VOC and primary metabolite composition among 20 representative cucumber lines. Results of non-targeted metabolomics revealed that the cucumber breeding line of the Korean group showed a unique VOC composition in the fruit peel compared to the other groups. Fruit-flesh VOCs significantly differed among Korean, European, and Thai fruits. The main cucumber flavor components, 2-hexenal, hexanal, 6-nonenal, 2,4-nonadienal, and 2,6-nonadienal, were lower in the Korean cucumber lines than in the others. Conversely, linoleic acid derivatives and α-linolenic acid, which are precursors of these VOCs, were abundant in Korean cucumber line. This suggests that the metabolism related to the characteristic flavor of cucumber are downregulated in Korean cucumber line. This study provides novel insights into the fruit flavor-associated metabolome in various cucumber lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Eun Jo
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kihwan Song
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Gu Kim
- Genomics Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim YX, Son SY, Lee S, Lee Y, Sung J, Lee CH. Effects of limited water supply on metabolite composition in tomato fruits ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) in two soils with different nutrient conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:983725. [PMID: 36161007 PMCID: PMC9492987 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.983725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Effect of water supply to metabolites in tomato fruit was compared in two soils with different nutrient conditions, i.e., either limited or excess. Two types of soil nutrient condition, type A: nutrient-limited and type B: nutrient-excess, were prepared as follows; type A is a low nutrient-containing soil without a replenishment of starved nitrogen and phosphorous, type B is a high nutrient-containing soil exceeding the recommended fertilization. Soil water was adjusted either at -30 kPa (sufficient) or -80 kPa (limited). For harvested tomato fruits, we examined primary and secondary metabolites using non-targeted mass spectrometry based metabolomics. The fruit production and leaf SPAD were greatly dependent on soil nutrient levels, by contrast, the level of lycopene remained unchanged by different levels of water and nutrient supply. The perturbation of metabolites by water supply was clear in the nutrient-excess soil. In particular, limited water supply strongly decreased primary metabolites including sugars and amino acids. We demonstrated that water stress differently shifted primary metabolites of tomato fruits in two soils with different nutrient conditions via non-targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. In conclusion, we suggest that the limited water supply in soils with surplus nutrient is not a recommendable way for tomato 'cv. Super Dotaerang' production if fruit nutritional quality such as sugars and amino acids is in the consideration, although there was no disadvantage in fruit yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin X. Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Su Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulbi Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Yejin Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Jwakyung Sung
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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Salem MA, Zayed A, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Giavalisco P. The integration of MS-based metabolomics and multivariate data analysis allows for improved quality assessment of Zingiber officinale Roscoe. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112843. [PMID: 34311278 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is consumed for health-promoting effects and as a food condiment. Comprehensive phytochemical analysis, other than gingerols and shogaols, has not yet been deeply investigated. Hence, the current research aimed to establish a non-targeted metabolomics approach for the discrimination between fresh ginger rhizome samples collected from four different producing countries, i.e., China, India, Pakistan, and Peru. In addition, lab-dried samples were analyzed to trace drying-induced metabolites. A comprehensive extraction procedure was carried out resulting in production of polar and non-polar fractions. The polar fraction was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Fourier transform tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-C18-FT-MS/MS) and gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) post derivatization. UPLC-C8-FT-MS/MS was used for analysis of non-polar fraction. Results revealed for identification of a total of 253 metabolites. In addition, multivariate data analysis (MVDA), including principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated clustering of Asian specimens. Several metabolites with a characteristic pattern for the origin revealing the highest contents of bioactive metabolites in the Peruvian product. Moreover, chemical markers identified, including [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol discriminating between fresh and dried samples. Furthermore, abundances of some primary metabolites, including amino acids and cinnamic acid, have confirmed the biosynthetic pathway of gingerols and their transformation upon drying to shogaols. The proposed approach can be applied as a potential candidate for quality assessment of ginger and other medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Salem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Gamal Abd El Nasr St., Shibin Elkom, 32511, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street, Medical Campus, 31527, Tanta, Egypt; Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph Stelzmann Str. 9b, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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Nontargeted Metabolomics as a Screening Tool for Estimating Bioactive Metabolites in the Extracts of 50 Indigenous Korean Plants. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090585. [PMID: 34564401 PMCID: PMC8468114 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many indigenous Korean plants have been used in medicinal preparations and health-promoting foods. These plant species contain beneficial metabolites with various bioactivities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Herein, we suggest a new screening strategy using metabolomics to explore the bioactive compounds in 50 Korean plants. Secondary metabolites were analyzed using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS/MS. The plant extracts were subjected to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays. We identified metabolites that contributed to bioactivities according to the results of bioassays and multivariate analyses. Using Pearson’s correlation, phenolics (e.g., casuarictin, 3-O-methylellagic acid) showed positive correlation with antioxidant activity, while biflavonoids (e.g., amentoflavone, rosbustaflavone) were correlated with nitric oxide (NO) inhibition activity. To compensate for the limitation of this new strategy, we further validated these by investigating three parts (branches, fruits, leaves) of Platycladus orientalis which showed high activities on both bioassays. Unlike the above observation, we identified significantly different metabolites from different parts, which was not the results of bioassays. In these validation steps, interestingly, biflavonoids (e.g., robustaflavone, sciadopitysin) contributed to both activities in P. orientalis. The findings of this work suggest that new strategy could be more beneficial in the identification of bioactive plant species as well as that of their corresponding bioactive compounds that impart the bioactivity.
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Kim MJ, Son SY, Jeon SG, Kim JG, Lee CH. Metabolite Profiling of Dioscorea (Yam) Leaves to Identify Bioactive Compounds Reveals Their Potential as Renewable Resources. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081751. [PMID: 34451796 PMCID: PMC8399132 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Yams (Dioscorea spp.) are cultivated and consumed as edible tubers, while their leaves are discarded as waste or burned with negative environmental impact. Herein, the metabolites of two yam species (Danma, DAN; Dunggeunma, DUN), harvested in June, July, and August, were profiled using GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS/MS and the antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated to stimulate the utilization of yam leaves as a by-product. We observed that the relative levels of amino acids, organic acids, sugars, and saponins decreased linearly with prolonged harvest time, while fatty acid, phenanthrene, and flavonoid levels gradually increased. Furthermore, the leaf extracts obtained in August exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. To determine the antioxidant-contributing metabolites, OPLS-DA was performed for the leaf metabolites of DAN and DUN leaves harvested in August. Hydroxytyrosol-glucoside, apigenin-rhamnoside, and rutin were more abundant in DUN, while luteolin, phenanthrene derivatives, epicatechin, and kaempferide were relatively higher in DAN and their respective metabolites were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity. Moreover, secondary metabolites were more abundant in the leaves than in the roots, and consequently, the antioxidant activity of the former was also higher. Overall, the potential value of yam leaves as a renewable source of bioactive compounds is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-J.K.); (S.-Y.S.)
| | - Su-Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-J.K.); (S.-Y.S.)
| | - Su-Gyeong Jeon
- Insititute for Bioresources Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Andong 36614, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Gu Kim
- Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-G.K.); (C.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2049-6177 (C.-H.L.)
| | - Choong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-J.K.); (S.-Y.S.)
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- MetaMass Co. Ltd., Seoul 05029, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-G.K.); (C.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2049-6177 (C.-H.L.)
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Kim YX, Son S, Lee S, Jung E, Lee Y, Sung J, Lee C. Combined Effects of Nutrients × Water × Light on Metabolite Composition in Tomato Fruits ( Solanum Lycopersicum L.). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071437. [PMID: 34371638 PMCID: PMC8309447 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tomato cultivation in the greenhouse can be facilitated by supplemental light. We compared the combined effects of nutrients, water, and supplemental light (red) on tomato fruit quality. To do this, three different nutrient conditions were tested, i.e., (1) low N, (2) standard N, and (3) high N. Water was supplied either at −30 kPa (sufficient) or −80 kPa (limited) of soil water potential. Supplemental red LED light was turned either on or off. The metabolites from tomato fruits were profiled using non-targeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomic approaches. The lycopene content was highest in the condition of high N and limited water in the absence of supplemental light. In the absence of red lighting, the lycopene contents were greatly affected by nutrient and water conditions. Under the red lighting, the nutrient and water conditions did not play an important role in enhancing lycopene content. Lower N resulted in low amino acids. Low N was also likely to enhance some soluble carbohydrates. Interestingly, the combination of low N and red light led to a significant increase in sucrose, maltose, and flavonoids. In high N soil, red light increased a majority of amino acids, including aspartic acid and GABA, and sugars. However, it decreased most of the secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids, polyamines, and alkaloids. The water supply effect was minor. We demonstrated that different nutrient conditions of soil resulted in a difference in metabolic composition in tomato fruits and the effect of red light was variable depending on nutrient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin X. Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (Y.X.K.); (S.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Suyoung Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Seulbi Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (Y.X.K.); (S.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Eunsung Jung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Yejin Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (Y.X.K.); (S.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jwakyung Sung
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (C.L.); Tel.: +82-43-261-2512 (J.S.); +82-2-2049-6177 (C.L.)
| | - Choonghwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (C.L.); Tel.: +82-43-261-2512 (J.S.); +82-2-2049-6177 (C.L.)
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Mun HI, Kwon MC, Lee NR, Son SY, Song DH, Lee CH. Comparing Metabolites and Functional Properties of Various Tomatoes Using Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Approach. Front Nutr 2021; 8:659646. [PMID: 33898504 PMCID: PMC8060453 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.659646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato is one of the world's most consumed vegetables, and thus, various cultivars have been developed. Therefore, metabolic differences and nutrient contents of various tomatoes need to be discovered. To do so, we performed metabolite profiling along with evaluation of morphological and physicochemical properties of five representative tomato types. Common tomato cultivars, bigger and heavier than other tomatoes, contained higher levels of amino acids, organic acids, and lipids. On the contrary, cherry tomato cultivars contained a higher proportion of phenylpropanoids, lycopene, β-carotene, and α-carotene than the other tomatoes. Also, the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents were observed in cherry tomato cultivars. Furthermore, to understand metabolic distributions in various tomato cultivars, we constructed a metabolic pathway map. The higher metabolic flux distribution of most primary metabolite synthetic pathways was observed in common tomatoes, while cherry tomato cultivars showed a significantly elevated flux in secondary metabolite synthetic pathways. Accordingly, these results provide valuable information of different characteristics in various tomatoes, which can be considered while purchasing and improving tomato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha In Mun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Cheol Kwon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Na-Rae Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Hye Song
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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Song DH, Chun BH, Lee S, Son SY, Reddy CK, Mun HI, Jeon CO, Lee CH. Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling and Microbial Communities of Doenjang (Fermented Soy Paste) and Ganjang (Fermented Soy Sauce): A Comparative Study. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030641. [PMID: 33803678 PMCID: PMC8003076 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Doenjang and ganjang are secondary fermented soybean products from meju (primary fermented product) following a complex fermentation process that separates the products into solid (doenjang) and liquid (ganjang) states. We performed a comparative study on gas chromatography mass spectrometry-(GC-MS) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-(LC-MS) based metabolite profiling with fungal and bacterial microbial community analysis of doenjang and ganjang during fermentation. Metabolite profiling and microbial community data showed distinct patterns, depending on the fermentation process. The relative levels of metabolic patterns were similar and most of the microorganisms produced halophilic or halotolerant microbes during the fermentation period in doenjang and ganjang. In the doenjang end products, isoflavones, soyasaponins, and amino acids were largely distributed and Debaryomyces and Staphylococcus were dominant, whereas the biogenic amine and phenylpropanoid contents were highly distributed in the ganjang end products, with higher levels of Meyerozyma and Tetragenococcus. Our results demonstrate that the quality of doenjang and ganjang is predominantly influenced by the microbiome and by metabolite changes during fermentation. Moreover, the present study provides a platform for comparing samples in different states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Song
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.H.S.); (S.L.); (S.Y.S.); (C.K.R.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Byung Hee Chun
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.H.S.); (S.L.); (S.Y.S.); (C.K.R.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Su Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.H.S.); (S.L.); (S.Y.S.); (C.K.R.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Chagam Koteswara Reddy
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.H.S.); (S.L.); (S.Y.S.); (C.K.R.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Ha In Mun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.H.S.); (S.L.); (S.Y.S.); (C.K.R.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Che Ok Jeon
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
- Correspondence: (C.O.J.); (C.H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5864 (C.O.J.); +82-2-2049-6177 (C.H.L.)
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (D.H.S.); (S.L.); (S.Y.S.); (C.K.R.); (H.I.M.)
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.O.J.); (C.H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5864 (C.O.J.); +82-2-2049-6177 (C.H.L.)
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11
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Song DH, Chun BH, Lee S, Reddy CK, Jeon CO, Lee CH. Metabolite Profiling and Microbial Community of Traditional Meju Show Primary and Secondary Metabolite Differences Correlated with Antioxidant Activities. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1697-1705. [PMID: 32876067 PMCID: PMC9728299 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2007.07026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Meju, a type of fermented soybean paste, is used as a starter in the preparation of various Korean traditional soybean-based foods. In this study, we performed Illumina-MiSeq paired-end sequencing for microbial communities and mass spectrometry analysis for metabolite profiling to investigate the differences between 11 traditional meju products from different regions across Korea. Even though the bacterial and fungal communities showed remarkable variety, major genera including Bacillus, Enterococcus, Variovorax, Pediococcus, Weissella, and Aspergillus were detected in every sample of meju. The metabolite profile patterns of the 11 samples were clustered into two main groups: group I (M1-5) and group II (M6-11). The metabolite analysis indicated a relatively higher amino acid content in group I, while group II exhibited higher isoflavone, soyasaponin, and lysophospholipid contents. The bioactivity analysis proved that the ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical-scavenging activity was higher in group II and the FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) activity was higher in group I. The correlation analysis revealed that the ABTS activity was isoflavonoid, lipid, and soyasaponin related, whereas the FRAP activity was amino acid and flavonoid related. These results suggest that the antioxidant activities of meju are critically influenced by the microbiome and metabolite dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Song
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Chun
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chagam Koteswara Reddy
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Che Ok Jeon
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kim YX, Kwon MC, Lee S, Jung ES, Lee CH, Sung J. Effects of Nutrient and Water Supply During Fruit Development on Metabolite Composition in Tomato Fruits ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) Grown in Magnesium Excess Soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:562399. [PMID: 33101331 PMCID: PMC7545823 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.562399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tomato cultivation in the greenhouse or field may experience high surplus salts, including magnesium (Mg2+), which may result in differences in the growth and metabolite composition of fruits. This study hypothesized that decreasing the supply of nutrients and/or water would enhance tomato fruit quality in soils with excess Mg2+ that are frequently encountered in the field and aimed to find better supply conditions. For tomato plants cultivated in plastic pots using a plastic film house soil, the fertilizer supply varied in either the nitrogen (N) or potassium (K) concentration, which were either 0.1 (lowest) or 0.75 times (lower) than the standard fertilizer concentrations. Water was supplied either at 30 (sufficient) or 80 kPa (limited) of the soil water potential. Lycopene content on a dry-weight basis (mg/kg) was enhanced by the combination of lowest N supply and sufficient water supply. However, this enhancement was not occurred by the combination of the lowest N supply and limited water supply. Sugars and organic acids were decreased by limiting the water supply. Therefore, we carefully suggest that an adjustment of nitrogen with sufficient watering could be one of strategies to enhance fruit quality in excess Mg2+ soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin X. Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Min Cheol Kwon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulbi Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Eun Sung Jung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jwakyung Sung
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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13
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Mun HI, Kim YX, Suh DH, Lee S, Singh D, Jung ES, Lee CH, Sung J. Metabolomic response of Perilla frutescens leaves, an edible-medicinal herb, to acclimatize magnesium oversupply. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236813. [PMID: 32726342 PMCID: PMC7390343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
High salt accumulation, resulting from the rampant use of chemical fertilizers in greenhouse cultivation, has deleterious effects on plant growth and crop yield. Herein, we delineated the effects of magnesium (Mg) oversupply on Perilla frutescens leaves, a traditional edible and medicinal herb used in East-Asian countries. Mg oversupply resulted in significantly higher chlorophyll content coupled with lower antioxidant activities and growth, suggesting a direct effect on subtle metabolomes. The relative abundance of bioactive phytochemicals, such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, and cinnamic acids, was lower in the Mg-oversupplied plants than in the control. Correlation analysis between plant phenotypes (plant height, total fresh weight of the shoot, leaf chlorophyll content, and leaf antioxidant content) and the altered metabolomes in P. frutescens leaves suggested an acclimatization mechanism to Mg oversupply. In conclusion, P. frutescens preferentially accumulated compatible solutes, i.e., carbohydrates and amino acids, to cope with higher environmental Mg levels, instead of employing secondary and antioxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha In Mun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangmin X. Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Suh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seulbi Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Sung Jung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (CHL); (JS)
| | - Jwakyung Sung
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- * E-mail: (CHL); (JS)
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14
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Lee S, Oh DG, Singh D, Lee JS, Lee S, Lee CH. Exploring the metabolomic diversity of plant species across spatial (leaf and stem) components and phylogenic groups. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:39. [PMID: 31992195 PMCID: PMC6986006 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants have been used as an important source of indispensable bioactive compounds in various cosmetics, foods, and medicines. However, the subsequent functional annotation of these compounds seems arduous because of the largely uncharacterized, vast metabolic repertoire of plant species with known biological phenotypes. Hence, a rapid multi-parallel screening and characterization approach is needed for plant functional metabolites. RESULTS Fifty-one species representing three plant families, namely Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Rosaceae, were subjected to metabolite profiling using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole orbitrap ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-orbitrap-MS/MS) as well as multivariate analyses. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) of the metabolite profiling datasets indicated a distinct clustered pattern for 51 species depending on plant parts (leaves and stems) and relative phylogeny. Examination of their relative metabolite contents showed that the extracts from Fabaceae plants were abundant in amino acids, fatty acids, and genistein compounds. However, the extracts from Rosaceae had higher levels of catechin and ellagic acid derivatives, whereas those from Asteraceae were higher in kaempferol derivatives and organic acids. Regardless of the different families, aromatic amino acids, branch chain amino acids, chlorogenic acid, flavonoids, and phenylpropanoids related to the shikimate pathway were abundant in leaves. Alternatively, certain amino acids (proline, lysine, and arginine) as well as fatty acids levels were higher in stem extracts. Further, we investigated the associated phenotypes, i.e., antioxidant activities, affected by the observed spatial (leaves and stem) and intra-family metabolomic disparity in the plant extracts. Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that ellagic acid, mannitol, catechin, epicatechin, and quercetin derivatives were positively correlated with antioxidant phenotypes, whereas eriodictyol was positively correlated with tyrosinase inhibition activity. CONCLUSIONS This work suggests that metabolite profiling, including multi-parallel approaches and integrated bioassays, may help the expeditious characterization of plant-derived metabolites while simultaneously unraveling their chemodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701 Korea
| | - Dong-Gu Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701 Korea
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701 Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22755 Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22755 Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701 Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea
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Lee S, Oh DG, Singh D, Lee HJ, Kim GR, Lee S, Lee JS, Lee CH. Untargeted Metabolomics Toward Systematic Characterization of Antioxidant Compounds in Betulaceae Family Plant Extracts. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9090186. [PMID: 31527409 PMCID: PMC6780370 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9090186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant species have traditionally been revered for their unparalleled pharmacognostic applications. We outline a non-iterative multi-parallel metabolomic-cum-bioassay-guided methodology toward the functional characterization of ethanol extracts from the Betulaceae family plants (n = 10). We performed mass spectrometry (MS)-based multivariate analyses and bioassay-guided (ABTS antioxidant activity and cytoprotective effects against H2O2-induced cell damage) analyses of SPE fractions. A clearly distinct metabolomic pattern coupled with significantly higher bioactivities was observed for 40% methanol SPE eluate. Further, the 40% SPE eluate was subjected to preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) analysis, yielding 72 sub-fractions (1 min−1), with the highest antioxidant activities observed for the 15 min and 31 min sub-fractions. We simultaneously performed hyphenated-MS-based metabolite characterization of bioactive components for both the 40% methanol SPE fraction and its prep-HPLC sub-fraction (15 min and 31 min). Altogether, 19 candidate metabolites were mainly observed to contribute toward the observed bioactivities. In particular, ethyl gallate was mainly observed to affect the antioxidant activities of SPE and prep-HPLC fractions of Alnus firma extracts. We propose an integrated metabolomic-cum-bioassay-guided approach for the expeditious selection and characterization of discriminant metabolites with desired phenotypes or bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Dong-Gu Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Biological Resources Utilization, National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22755, Korea.
| | - Ga Ryun Kim
- Department of Biological Resources Utilization, National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22755, Korea.
| | - Sarah Lee
- Department of Biological Resources Utilization, National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22755, Korea.
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Department of Biological Resources Utilization, National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22755, Korea.
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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Cui JQ, Sun HB, Sun MB, Liang RT, Jie WG, Cai BY. Effects of Funneliformis mosseae on Root Metabolites and Rhizosphere Soil Properties to Continuously-Cropped Soybean in the Potted-Experiments. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2160. [PMID: 30042347 PMCID: PMC6121952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous cropping in soybean is increasingly practiced in Heilongjiang Province, leading to substantial yield reductions and quality degradation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soil microorganisms that form mutualistic interactions with plant roots and can restore the plant rhizosphere microenvironment. In this study, two soybean lines (HN48 and HN66) were chosen as experimental materials, which were planted in different years of continuous cropping soybean soils and were inoculated or not with Funneliformis mosseae in potted-experiments. Ultimately, analysis of root tissue metabolome and root exudates, soil physicochemical properties, plant biomass, as well as rhizosphere soil properties in different experimental treatments, inoculated or not with F. mosseae, was performed. Experimental results showed that: (a) The disease index of soybean root rot was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group, and there were differences in disease index and the resistance effect of F. mosseae between the two cultivars; (b) compared with the control, the root tissue metabolome and root exudates remained unchanged, but there were changes in the relative amounts in the treatment group, and the abundant metabolites differed by soybean cultivar; (c) soybean biomass was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group, and the effect of F. mosseae on biomass differed with respect to the soybean cultivar; and (d) there were differences in the physiochemical indexes of soybean rhizosphere soil between the treatment and control groups, and the repairing effect of F. mosseae differed between the two cultivars. Therefore, F. mosseae can increase the biomass of continuously cropped soybean, improve the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil, regulate the root metabolite profiles, and alleviate barriers to continuous cropping in potted-experiments of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Hai-Bing Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Ming-Bo Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Rui-Ting Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Wei-Guang Jie
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
| | - Bai-Yan Cai
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
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Won JY, Son SY, Lee S, Singh D, Lee S, Lee JS, Lee CH. Strategy for Screening of Antioxidant Compounds from Two Ulmaceae Species Based on Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071830. [PMID: 30041442 PMCID: PMC6100396 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics implies that annotated metabolites can serve as potential markers of the associated bioactivities of plant extracts. Firstly, we selected Aphananthe aspera and Zelkova serrata (Family: Ulmaceae) from 16 Korean plant species based on their distinct principal component analysis (PCA) patterns in LC-MS datasets and antioxidant activity assays. Further, we chose 40% solid-phase extraction (SPE) extracts of the two species displaying the highest antioxidant activities coupled with distinct PCA patterns. Examining the metabolite compositions of the 40% SPE extracts, we observed relatively higher abundances of quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin O-glucosides for A. aspera, whereas quercetin, isorhamnetin O-glucuronides, and procyanidin dimer were relatively higher in Z. serrata. These metabolites were clearly distinguished in pathway map and displayed strong positive correlations with antioxidant activity. Further, we performed preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) analysis coupled with the 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay to validate their functional correlations. As a result, quercetin O-sophoroside was determined as the main antioxidant in A. aspera, while isorhamnetin O-glucuronide and procyanidin dimer were the primary antioxidants in Z. serrata. The current study suggests that the LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics strategy can be used to illuminate subtle metabolic disparities as well as compounds associated with bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Yeun Won
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Su Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22689, Korea.
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22689, Korea.
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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18
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Ouerfelli M, Bettaieb Ben Kâab L, Almajano MP. Radical Scavenging and Antioxidant Activity of Anthyllis Vulneraria Leaves and Flowers. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071657. [PMID: 29986488 PMCID: PMC6099831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The main targets of this work were to determine the phenolic content of Anthyllis vulneraria (A. vulneraria) leaves and flowers and to evaluate their antioxidant activity. Total polyphenols and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC, respectively) were determined. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC), the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and the diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, and by the analysis of primary and secondary oxidation products in oil-in-water emulsions and in raw beef patties during storage. The results revealed that the flowers of the A. vulneraria contained the highest content of total polyphenols and flavonoids and extracts from these tissues exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity, as they were more effective at retarding lipid oxidation in oil-in-water emulsions and raw beef patties than extracts from the leaves which had a potent antioxidant effect only at the beginning of the oxidation process. The results of this study allowed us to obtain a deep knowledge about the properties of A. vulneraria and confirmed the possibility of using its biologically active extracts in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ouerfelli
- Research Unit "Nutrition et Métabolisme Azotés et Protéines de Stress" (UR/ES-13-29), Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis (FST), University of Tunis El-Manar (UTM), University Campus of Tunis El-Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
- Chemical Engineering Department (DEQ), School of Industrial Engineering of Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Leila Bettaieb Ben Kâab
- Research Unit "Nutrition et Métabolisme Azotés et Protéines de Stress" (UR/ES-13-29), Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis (FST), University of Tunis El-Manar (UTM), University Campus of Tunis El-Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - María Pilar Almajano
- Chemical Engineering Department (DEQ), School of Industrial Engineering of Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Park J, Suh DH, Singh D, Lee S, Lee JS, Lee CH. Systematic metabolic profiling and bioactivity assays for bioconversion of Aceraceae family. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198739. [PMID: 29879203 PMCID: PMC5991731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are an important and inexhaustible source of bioactive molecules in food, medicine, agriculture, and industry. In this study, we performed systematic liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolic profiling coupled with antioxidant assays for indigenous plant family extracts. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis of LC-MS datasets for the extracts of 34 plant species belonging to the families Aceraceae, Asteraceae, and Rosaceae showed that these species were clustered according to their respective phylogenies. In particular, seven Aceraceae species were clearly demarcated with higher average antioxidant activities, rationalizing their application for bioconversion studies. On the basis of further evaluation of the interspecies variability of metabolic profiles and antioxidant activities among Aceraceae family plants, we found that Acer tataricum (TA) extracts were clearly distinguished from those of other species, with a higher relative abundance of tannin derivatives. Further, we detected a strong positive correlation between most tannin derivatives and the observed higher antioxidant activities. Following Aspergillus oryzae-mediated fermentative bioconversion of Acer plant extracts, we observed a time-correlated (0-8 days) linear increase in antioxidant phenotypes for all species, with TA having the highest activity. Temporal analysis of the MS data revealed tannin bioconversion mechanisms with a relatively higher abundance of gallic acid (m/z 169) accumulated at the end of 8 days, particularly in TA. Similarly, quercetin precursor (glycoside) metabolites were also transformed to quercetin aglycones (m/z 301) in most Acer plant extracts. The present study underscores the efficacy of fermentative bioconversion strategies aimed at enhancing the quality and availability of bioactive metabolites from plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Suh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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20
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Miláčková I, Meščanová M, Ševčíková V, Mučaji P. Water leaves extracts of Cornus mas and Cornus kousa as aldose reductase inhibitors: the potential therapeutic agents. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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