1
|
Li Y, Wang S, Liu Y, Lu Y, Zhou M, Wang S, Wang S. The Effect of Different Dietary Sugars on the Development and Fecundity of Harmonia axyridis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:574851. [PMID: 33041872 PMCID: PMC7522449 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.574851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to screen synergistic substances included in existing artificial feeds in order to improve the fertility and survival rate of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), an efficient pest predator. To this end, we analyzed the potential effects of glucose and trehalose on the growth, development, and reproduction of H. axyridis and evaluated the effect of three different artificial feeds on the energy stress of H. axyridis. The artificial diets contained fresh pork liver, honey, sucrose, vitamin C, and royal jelly, which was marked it as Diet1. The glucose was added to diet1, which was marked it as diet2, while adding trehalose to diet1 was marked as diet3. The pre-oviposition period of H. axyridis on Diet 1 was slower than that of Diet 2 and Diet 3. Additionally, the spawning quantity and incubation rate of insects on Diet 2 and Diet 3 were significantly higher than that of those on Diet 1. Finally, the larval developmental time on Diet 1 was significantly slower than that of Diet 2 and Diet 3. These results indicate that the addition of an appropriate amount of glucose or trehalose may affect positively the growth, development, and reproduction of H. axyridis. In addition, further studies showed that ATP, amino acids and fatty acids content in the H. axyridis also increased after the addition of the synergistic substance. All these results show that proper adjustment of stored energy anabolic and catabolism is important to maintain the metabolic balance of the insect’s entire life cycle and the addition of glucose or trehalose has a certain effect on the life indicators of H. axyridis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongkang Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Su Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shigui Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liutkevičiūtė Z, Gil-Mansilla E, Eder T, Casillas-Pérez B, Di Giglio MG, Muratspahić E, Grebien F, Rattei T, Muttenthaler M, Cremer S, Gruber CW. Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800443. [PMID: 29939785 PMCID: PMC6174076 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ants are emerging model systems to study cellular signaling because distinct castes possess different physiologic phenotypes within the same colony. Here we studied the functionality of inotocin signaling, an insect ortholog of mammalian oxytocin (OT), which was recently discovered in ants. In Lasius ants, we determined that specialization within the colony, seasonal factors, and physiologic conditions down-regulated the expression of the OT-like signaling system. Given this natural variation, we interrogated its function using RNAi knockdowns. Next-generation RNA sequencing of OT-like precursor knock-down ants highlighted its role in the regulation of genes involved in metabolism. Knock-down ants exhibited higher walking activity and increased self-grooming in the brood chamber. We propose that OT-like signaling in ants is important for regulating metabolic processes and locomotion.-Liutkevičiūtė, Z., Gil-Mansilla, E., Eder, T., Casillas-Pérez, B., Di Giglio, M. G., Muratspahić, E., Grebien, F., Rattei, T., Muttenthaler, M., Cremer, S., Gruber, C. W. Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zita Liutkevičiūtė
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Esther Gil-Mansilla
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Eder
- Division of Computational Systems Biology (CUBE), Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Edin Muratspahić
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Grebien
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rattei
- Division of Computational Systems Biology (CUBE), Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sylvia Cremer
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Christian W. Gruber
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gan Q, Zhang X, Zhang D, Shi L, Zhou Y, Sun T, Jiang S, Gao J, Meng Y. BmSUC1 is essential for glycometabolism modulation in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:543-553. [PMID: 29660529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose is the most commonly transported sugar in plants and is easily assimilated by insects to fulfill the requirement of physiological metabolism. BmSuc1 is a novel animal β-fructofuranosidase (β-FFase, EC 3.2.1.26)-encoding gene that was firstly cloned and identified in silkworm, Bombyx mori. BmSUC1 was presumed to play an important role in the silkworm-mulberry enzymatic adaptation system by effectively hydrolyzing sucrose absorbed from mulberry leaves. However, this has not been proved with direct evidence thus far. In this study, we investigated sucrose hydrolysis activity in the larval midgut of B. mori by inhibition tests and found that sucrase activity mainly stemmed from β-FFase, not α-glucosidase. Next, we performed shRNA-mediated transgenic RNAi to analyze the growth characteristics of silkworm larvae and variations in glycometabolism in vivo in transgenic silkworms. The results showed that in the RNAi-BmSuc1 transgenic line, larval development was delayed, and their body size was markedly reduced. Finally, the activity of several disaccharidases alone in the midgut and the sugar distribution, total sugar and glycogen in the midgut, hemolymph and fat body were then determined and compared. Our results demonstrated that silencing BmSuc1 significantly reduced glucose and apparently activated maltase and trehalase in the midgut. Together with a clear decrease in both glycogen and trehalose in the fat body, we conclude that BmSUC1 acts as an essential sucrase by directly modulating the degree of sucrose hydrolysis in the silkworm larval midgut, and insufficient sugar storage in the fat body may be responsible for larval malnutrition and abnormal petite phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Development Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Development Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Daobo Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Tongtong Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Song Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Junshan Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Development Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Yan Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Development Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shi ZK, Wang S, Wang SG, Zhang L, Xu YX, Guo XJ, Zhang F, Tang B. Effects of starvation on the carbohydrate metabolism in Harmonia axyridis (Pallas). Biol Open 2017; 6:1096-1103. [PMID: 28606937 PMCID: PMC5550912 DOI: 10.1242/bio.025189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose plays an important role in energy storage, metabolism, and protection from extreme environmental conditions in insects. Trehalose is the main blood sugar in insects, and it can be rapidly used as an energy source in times of need. To elucidate the mechanisms of the starvation response, we observed the effects of starvation on trehalose and glycogen, trehalase activity, and the relative gene expression of genes in the trehalose and glycogen metabolic pathways in the invasive beetle Harmonia axyridis. Our results show that trehalose levels and the activities of two types of trehalases decreased significantly in the first 8 h of starvation, while the relative expression of HaTreh1-1 increased. While trehalose remained nearly constant at a relatively high level from 8 to 24 h, glycogen levels decreased significantly from 8 h to 24 h of starvation. Likewise, glycogen phosphorylase (HaGP) expression was significantly higher at 12 to 24 h starvation than the first 8 h, while the expression of glycogen synthase (HaGS) was relatively stable. Furthermore, trehalose decreased significantly from 24 h starvation to 72 h starvation, while trehalase activities and the relative expression of some HaTreh genes generally increased toward the end of the starvation period. The expression of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (HaTPS) increased significantly, supporting the increase in trehalose synthesis. These results show that trehalose plays a key role in the energy provided during the starvation process through the molecular and biochemical regulation of trehalose and glycogen metabolism. Summary: Effects of starvation on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of carbohydrate metabolism were regulated by trehalose and glycogen metabolism genes' expression changed in Harmonia axyridis (Pallas).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Kun Shi
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | - Su Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Shi-Gui Wang
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | - Yan-Xia Xu
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Guo
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Deng MJ, Lin XD, Lin QT, Wen DF, Zhang ML, Wang XQ, Gao HC, Xu JP. A 1H-NMR Based Study on Hemolymph Metabolomics in Eri Silkworm after Oral Administration of 1-Deoxynojirimycin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131696. [PMID: 26148185 PMCID: PMC4492494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) modulates glycometabolism and has toxicity in Eri silkworm (Samia cynthia ricini, Saturniidae). In this paper, hemolymph metabolites were used to explore metabolic changes after oral administration of DNJ or mulberry latex and to characterize the biological function of DNJ at the metabolic and systemic levels. Hemolymph samples were collected from fourth-instar larvae of Eri silkworm and ex-vivo high-resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were acquired from the collected hemolymph samples. Then the obtained spectra were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and independent-samples t-test. Metabolic pattern recognition analysis of hemolymph samples indicated that the groups of 0.25% DNJ, latex, and the mixture of 0.5% DNJ and latex (1:1) were significantly different from the control group. Moreover, compared to the control group, the groups of 0.25% DNJ, latex, and the mixture of 0.5% DNJ and latex (1:1) showed the decreased levels of citrate, succinate, fumarate, malate, and glutamine in hemolymph, the groups of 0.25% DNJ and the mixture of 0.5% DNJ and latex (1:1) showed the increased levels of trehalose and lactate. In addition, mulberry leaves exude latex was highly toxic to Eri silkworm because rich unidentified high-molecular-weight factor (s) acted as toxic substances. In our results, latex caused 20 deaths among 50 fourth-instar larvae of Eri silkmoth, but DNJ or the mixture did not caused death. All these results suggest that DNJ has a positive impact on the reverse glycometabolism by modulating glycometabolism and inhibiting glucogenesis and energy metabolism. DNJ is a secure substance as a single-ingredient antidiabetic medicine due to its nontoxicity and bioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Lin
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Ting Lin
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - De-Fu Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xian-Qin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Chang Gao
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- * E-mail: (JPX); (HCG)
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- * E-mail: (JPX); (HCG)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mayack C, Naug D. Individual energetic state can prevail over social regulation of foraging in honeybees. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-013-1517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
7
|
Johansson T, Gibb H. Forestry alters foraging efficiency and crop contents of aphid-tending red wood ants, Formica aquilonia. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32817. [PMID: 22427890 PMCID: PMC3302777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Forest management alters species behaviours, distributions and interactions. To evaluate forestry effects on ant foraging performance, we compared the quality and quantity of honeydew harvested by ants among clear-cuts, middle-aged and mature spruce-dominated stands in boreal forests in Sweden. Honeydew quality was examined using honeydew collected by squeezing the gasters of laden Formica aquilonia workers. We used fifteen laden individuals at each study site (four replicates of each stand age) and analysed honeydew chemical composition with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. To compare the quantity of honeydew collected by individual ants, we collected and weighed five ants moving up and five ants moving down each of ten trees at the twelve sites (totally 1200 ants). The concentration of trehalose in honeydew was lower in clear-cuts compared with middle aged and mature stands, and similar trends were shown for sucrose, raffinose and melezitose, indicating poorer honeydew quality on clear cuts. Concentrations of the amino acid serine were higher on clear-cuts. The same trend occurred for glutamine, suggesting that increased N-uptake by the trees after clear cutting is reflected in the honeydew of aphids. Ants in mature stands had larger heads and carried proportionally more honeydew and may therefore be more efficient foragers. Human alternation of habitats through clear-cutting thus affects food quality and worker condition in F. aquilonia. This is the first study to show that honeydew quality is affected by anthropogenic disturbances, likely contributing to the reduction in size and abundance of F. aquilonia workers and mounds after clear cutting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Johansson
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Falibene A, Rössler W, Josens R. Serotonin depresses feeding behaviour in ants. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 58:7-17. [PMID: 21893064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Feeding behaviour is a complex functional system that relies on external signals and the physiological state of the animal. This is also the case in ants as they vary their feeding behaviour according to food characteristics, environmental conditions and - as they are social insects - to the colony's requirements. The biogenic amine serotonin (5-HT) was shown to be involved in the control and modulation of many actions and processes related to feeding in both vertebrates and invertebrates. In this study, we investigated whether 5-HT affects nectar feeding in ants by analysing its effect on the sucking-pump activity. Furthermore, we studied 5-HT association with tissues and neuronal ganglia involved in feeding regulation. Our results show that 5-HT promotes a dose-dependent depression of sucrose feeding in Camponotus mus ants. Orally administered 5-HT diminished the intake rate by mainly decreasing the volume of solution taken per pump contraction, without modifying the sucrose acceptance threshold. Immunohistochemical studies all along the alimentary canal revealed 5-HT-like immunoreactive processes on the foregut (oesophagus, crop and proventriculus), while the midgut and hindgut lacked 5-HT innervation. Although the frontal and suboesophageal ganglia contained 5-HT immunoreactive cell bodies, serotonergic innervation in the sucking-pump muscles was absent. The results are discussed in the frame of a role of 5-HT in feeding control in ants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Falibene
- Grupo de Estudio de Insectos Sociales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, IFIBYNE, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pab. II, (C1428 EHA) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lach L, Hobbs RJ, Majer JD. Herbivory-induced extrafloral nectar increases native and invasive ant worker survival. POPUL ECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-008-0132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|