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Tanaka T, Tawara M, Suzuki H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Identification of the Binding Epitope of an Anti-Mouse CCR6 Monoclonal Antibody (C 6Mab-13) Using 1× Alanine Scanning. Antibodies (Basel) 2023; 12:antib12020032. [PMID: 37218898 DOI: 10.3390/antib12020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is one of the members of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that is upregulated in many immune-related cells, such as B lymphocytes, effector and memory T cells, regulatory T cells, and immature dendritic cells. The coordination between CCR6 and its ligand CC motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) is deeply involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as cancer, psoriasis, and autoimmune diseases. Thus, CCR6 is an attractive target for therapy and is being investigated as a diagnostic marker for various diseases. In a previous study, we developed an anti-mouse CCR6 (mCCR6) monoclonal antibody (mAb), C6Mab-13 (rat IgG1, kappa), that was applicable for flow cytometry by immunizing a rat with the N-terminal peptide of mCCR6. In this study, we investigated the binding epitope of C6Mab-13 using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method, which were conducted with respect to the synthesized point-mutated-peptides within the 1-20 amino acid region of mCCR6. In the ELISA results, C6Mab-13 lost its ability to react to the alanine-substituted peptide of mCCR6 at Asp11, thereby identifying Asp11 as the epitope of C6Mab-13. In our SPR analysis, the dissociation constants (KD) could not be calculated for the G9A and D11A mutants due to the lack of binding. The SPR analysis demonstrated that the C6Mab-13 epitope comprises Gly9 and Asp11. Taken together, the key binding epitope of C6Mab-13 was determined to be located around Asp11 on mCCR6. Based on the epitope information, C6Mab-13 could be useful for further functional analysis of mCCR6 in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mayuki Tawara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Collard MK, Tourneur-Marsille J, Uzzan M, Albuquerque M, Roy M, Dumay A, Freund JN, Hugot JP, Guedj N, Treton X, Panis Y, Ogier-Denis E. The Appendix Orchestrates T-Cell Mediated Immunosurveillance in Colitis-Associated Cancer. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:665-687. [PMID: 36332814 PMCID: PMC9871441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although appendectomy may reduce colorectal inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), this surgical procedure has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Our aim was to explore the mechanism underlying the appendectomy-associated increased risk of CAC. METHODS Five-week-old male BALB/c mice underwent appendectomy, appendicitis induction, or sham laparotomy. They were then exposed to azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) to induce CAC. Mice were killed 12 weeks later, and colons were taken for pathological analysis and immunohistochemistry (CD3 and CD8 staining). Human colonic tumors from 21 patients with UC who underwent surgical resection for CAC were immunophenotyped and stratified according to appendectomy status. RESULTS Whereas appendectomy significantly reduced colitis severity and increased CAC number, appendicitis induction without appendectomy led to opposite results. Intratumor CD3+ and CD8+ T-cell densities were lower after appendectomy and higher after appendicitis induction compared with the sham laparotomy group. Blocking lymphocyte trafficking to the colon with the anti-α4β7 integrin antibody or a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist suppressed the inducing effect of the appendectomy on tumors' number and on CD3+/CD8+ intratumoral density. CD8+ or CD3+ T cells isolated from inflammatory neo-appendix and intravenously injected into AOM/DSS-treated recipient mice increased CD3+/CD8+ T-cell tumor infiltration and decreased tumor number. In UC patients with a history of appendectomy, intratumor CD3+ and CD8+ T-cell densities were decreased compared with UC patients without history of appendectomy. CONCLUSIONS In UC, appendectomy could suppress a major site of T-cell priming, resulting in a less efficient CAC immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime K Collard
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Chirurgie Colorectale, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France; Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France
| | - Julien Tourneur-Marsille
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Uzzan
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Miguel Albuquerque
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Maryline Roy
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France
| | - Anne Dumay
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France
| | - Jean-Noël Freund
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, IRFAC / UMR-S1113, FHU ARRIMAGE, ITI InnoVec, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hugot
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Guedj
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Xavier Treton
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Yves Panis
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Chirurgie Colorectale, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France; Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France
| | - Eric Ogier-Denis
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, "Gut Inflammation", Paris, France; INSERM, Université Rennes, CLCC Eugène Marquis, «Chemistry, Oncogenesis, Stress Signaling» UMR_S 1242, Rennes, France.
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Song D, Lai L, Lu J, Tong J, Ran Z. Interleukin-26 Expression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Immunoregulatory Effects on Macrophages. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:797135. [PMID: 35463017 PMCID: PMC9019154 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.797135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Interleukin-26 (IL-26) has been implicated in several chronic inflammatory diseases. However, its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate IL-26 expression in IBD and its immunoregulatory effects on macrophages. Methods We assessed IL-26 expression in the intestinal mucosa and blood samples of IBD patients and healthy controls (HC). The associations between the clinical characteristics of IBD and IL-26 expression levels in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were investigated. In addition, the transcriptional changes in THP-1 macrophages exposed to IL-26 were determined by RNA sequencing and validated with qRT-PCR, ELISA and western blots. Results Compared with HC, in IBD patients, IL-26 expression levels were elevated in the inflamed intestinal mucosa, and reduced in serum and PBMCs. IL-26 mRNA levels in PBMCs, but not serum IL-26 levels, were inversely correlated with disease activity in IBD. Furthermore, IL-26 mRNA levels in PBMCs were significantly lower in patients with complicated Crohn's disease. A total of 1,303 differentially expressed protein-coding genes were identified between untreated and IL-26-treated macrophages. The up-regulated genes showed enrichment in some inflammatory and immune-related processes and pathways. Additionally, GSEA showed that neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte chemotaxis was significantly enriched in IL-26-treated macrophages. Further validation revealed that IL-26 promotes the secretion of multiple inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and upregulates the expression of adhesion molecules, MMP-8, and MMP-9 while inhibiting MMP-1 in macrophages. Conclusion Compared with HC, in IBD patients, IL-26 levels were elevated in the inflamed intestinal mucosa, and reduced in the peripheral blood. The transcriptional changes in macrophages exposed to IL-26 suggest that IL-26 may amplify the aberrant immune response in IBD by activating macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Song
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Lai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Juntao Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinlu Tong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Ran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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Andreou NP, Legaki E, Gazouli M. Inflammatory bowel disease pathobiology: the role of the interferon signature. Ann Gastroenterol 2020; 33:125-133. [PMID: 32127733 PMCID: PMC7049232 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2020.0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still unclear, but includes both inflammatory and autoimmune reactions. Current methodological approaches could better elucidate the cytokine pathways and the genetics involved in the etiopathogenesis of this disease. Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that play a key role in autoimmune/inflammatory disorders because of their pro- and anti-inflammatory properties as well as their immunoregulatory functions. An increased expression of IFN-regulated genes, widely known as an IFN signature, has been reported in blood and tissue from patients with autoimmune disorders. In this review, we present the function as well as the clinical and therapeutic potential of the IFN signature. Current data demonstrate that the IFN signature can be used as a biomarker that defines disease activity in autoimmune diseases, although this has not been thoroughly studied in IBD. Consequently, further investigation of the IFN signature in IBD would be essential for a better understanding of its actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaos-Panagiotis Andreou
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Legaki
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Cheluvappa R. Identification of New Potential Therapies for Colitis Amelioration Using an Appendicitis-Appendectomy Model. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019; 25:436-444. [PMID: 30329049 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The appendix contains copious lymphoid tissue and is constantly exposed to gut flora. Appendicitis followed by appendectomy (AA), when done at a young age, prevents or significantly ameliorates inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in later life. Inflammatory bowel disease comprises Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Our unique murine AA model is the only existing experimental model of AA. Herein, the appendiceal pathology closely resembles the pathological features of human appendicitis. Our AA model protects against experimental colitis in an age-, bacteria- and antigen-dependent manner. Appendicitis-appendectomy performed in the most proximal colon curbs T helper 17 (Th17) cell activity, diminishes autophagy, modulates interferon activity-associated molecules, and suppresses endothelin vasoactivity-mediated immunopathology in the most distal colon. These changes induced by AA contribute to limiting colitis pathology. Manipulating and modulating various aspects of these pathways, pathophysiology, and molecular interactions will assist the development of novel therapeutic options to manage IBD. Competitive inhibition of the Th17 cell recruitment factor CCL20 or the chemokine CCL17 with antibodies, combinatorial peptides, or small molecules may limit colitic pathology. The chemokines CCL5 and CXCL11 could be investigated as potential therapies. Inhibition of the autophagy-associated molecules VPS15, LAMP2, LC3A, XBP1, or ULK1 may decrease colitic pathology. Curtailing endothelin-activity may decrease colitic impact. The antiproliferative, immunomodulatory molecules IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, and IFI44 may have direct therapeutic value in ameliorating colitis. The molecules IRF4, IRF8, IRF2BP1, IFRD1, and IFRD2 are potentially good target molecules to competitively inhibit towards curbing colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Cheluvappa
- Department of Medicine, St. George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Messal N, Fernandez N, Dayot S, Gratio V, Nicole P, Prochasson C, Chantret I, LeGuilloux G, Jarry A, Couvelard A, Tréton X, Voisin T, Ogier-Denis E, Couvineau A. Ectopic expression of OX1R in ulcerative colitis mediates anti-inflammatory effect of orexin-A. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3618-3628. [PMID: 30251681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Orexins (orexin-A and orexin-B) are hypothalamic peptides that are produced by the same precursor and are involved in sleep/wake control, which is mediated by two G protein-coupled receptor subtypes, OX1R and OX2R. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease, (IBD) which is characterized by long-lasting inflammation and ulcers that affect the colon and rectum mucosa and is known to be a significant risk factor for colon cancer development. Based on our recent studies showing that OX1R is aberrantly expressed in colon cancer, we wondered whether orexin-A could play a role in UC. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed that OX1R is highly expressed in the affected colonic epithelium of most UC patients, but not in the non-affected colonic mucosa. Injection of exogenous orexin-A specifically improved the inflammatory symptoms in the two colitis murine models. Conversely, injection of inactive orexin-A analog, OxB7-28 or OX1R specific antagonist SB-408124 did not have anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, treatment with orexin-A in DSS-colitis induced OX1R-/- knockout mice did not have any protective effect. The orexin-A anti-inflammatory effect was due to the decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in immune cells and specifically in T-cells isolated from colonic mucosa. Moreover, orexin-A inhibited canonical NFκB activation in an immune cell line and in intestinal epithelial cell line. These results suggest that orexin-A might represent a promising alternative to current UC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Messal
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - N Fernandez
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "Intestinal inflammation", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - S Dayot
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - V Gratio
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - P Nicole
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - C Prochasson
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - I Chantret
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "Inflammatory and stress responses in chronic liver diseases", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - G LeGuilloux
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - A Jarry
- EA4273 Biometadys, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, 1 Rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes, France
| | - A Couvelard
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - X Tréton
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "Intestinal inflammation", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - T Voisin
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - E Ogier-Denis
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "Intestinal inflammation", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France
| | - A Couvineau
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases" labeled by "la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Paris-Diderot University, DHU UNITY, 75018 Paris, France.
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Wang L, Huang W, Zhang L, Chen Q, Zhao H. Molecular pathogenesis involved in human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on an integrated microRNA‑mRNA interaction network. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4365-4373. [PMID: 30221703 PMCID: PMC6172385 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is considered to be an ailment of the lungs that cannot be cured, wherein the lung tissues are characterized by increased thickness and stiffness, and/or scars. Despite the fact that extensive success has been achieved regarding the molecular diagnostics and pathobiology, the basic pathogenesis associated with IPF has not yet been fully elucidated and requires further clarification. In the current research, the changes in microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression in IPF were investigated through an integrative network technique. The authentic miRNA and mRNA expression profiling datasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus, followed by identification of differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs with use of the Significance Analysis of Microarrays algorithm. Expansion of the molecular targets associated with miRNAs was performed with the use of CyTargetLinker in Cytoscape, which was succeeded by validation with the use of mRNA array expression profiling. The incorporated miRNA‑mRNA network covered 27 genes, in addition to 22 miRNAs that were associated with IPF development. As revealed by the functional enrichment analysis, the cytokine‑cytokine receptor interaction and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism signalling pathways were extensively associated with IPF development. Overall, the present incorporated network illustrated the key link between miRNA and genes in IPF; in particular, it was elucidated that miR‑409‑5p and has‑miR‑376c, together with their target genes (C‑C motif chemokine ligand 20 and oncostatin M), are likely candidates involved in the promotion of IPF initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Division of Cellular Therapy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lemeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Cheluvappa R, Thomas DG, Selvendran S. The Role of Specific Chemokines in the Amelioration of Colitis by Appendicitis and Appendectomy. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8030059. [PMID: 30037025 PMCID: PMC6165111 DOI: 10.3390/biom8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The appendix contains abundant lymphoid tissue and is constantly exposed to gut flora. When completed at a young age, appendicitis followed by appendectomy (AA) prevents or significantly ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs) in later life. Inflammatory bowel disease comprises Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Our murine AA model is the only existing experimental model of AA. In our unique model, AA performed in the most proximal colon limits colitis pathology in the most distal colon by curbing T-helper 17 cell activity, diminishing autophagy, modulating interferon activity-associated molecules, and suppressing endothelin vaso-activity-mediated immunopathology. In the research presented in this paper, we have examined the role of chemokines in colitis pathology with our murine AA model. Chemokines are a family of small cytokines with four conserved cysteine residues. Chemokines induce chemotaxis in adjacent cells with corresponding receptors. All 40 known chemokine genes and 24 chemokine receptor genes were examined for gene expression levels in distal colons three days post-AA and 28 days post-AA. At 28 days post-AA, the chemokine gene CCL5 was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed upregulation of seven CCL5-associated gene-sets 28 days post-AA in contrast to just one gene-set downregulated at the same time-point. The chemokine gene CXCL11 was significantly upregulated three days post-AA and 28 days post-AA. Evaluation using GSEA showed upregulation of six CXCL11-associated gene sets but no downregulation of any gene set. At 28 days post-AA, CCL17 gene expression was significantly downregulated. There was no expression of any chemokine receptor gene three days post-AA, but CCR10 was the only chemokine receptor gene that displayed differential gene expression (upregulation) 28 days post-AA. No CCR10-associated gene set was upregulated in GSEA in contrast to one downregulated gene set. Our analysis resulted in identifying three new therapeutic targets towards ameliorating colitis: CCL5, CXCL11, and CCL17. While CCL5 and CXCL11 are good therapeutic chemokine candidates to be exogenously administered, CCL17 is a good candidate chemokine to competitively inhibit or limit colitis pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Cheluvappa
- Department of Medicine, St. George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Dennis G Thomas
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
| | - Selwyn Selvendran
- Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia.
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9
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Liu J, Zheng X, Deng H, Xu B, Chen L, Wang Q, Zhou Q, Zhang D, Wu C, Jiang J. Expression of CCR6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its effects on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:115244-115253. [PMID: 29383156 PMCID: PMC5777768 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common esophageal cancer associated with poor prognosis. We detected the expression of C-C motif chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in esophageal tissues/cells, and evaluated the effects of CCR6 on ESCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion in response to C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) treatment. Our data showed CCR6 was highly expressed in ESCC cell lines (ECA-109 and TE-1), whereas kept in a low expression in normal cell lines HEEC (P < 0.001). CCL20 stimulus induced a significant decrease in the proliferation ability of ESCC (P < 0.05). The healing speed of CCL20 group was significantly higher than control in ECA-109 (P < 0.01), whereas significantly lower in αCCR6+CCL20 group than CCL20 group (P < 0.05).The number of cells permeabling through the polycarbonate membrane in CCL20 group was higher than control (P < 0.01). The cell number in αCCR6+CCL20 group was significantly reduced compared to CCL20 group in ECA-109 (P < 0.05). Moreover, after CCL20 stimulated in ECA-109, both mRNA and protein level of E-cadherin significantly decreased compared to control, while Vimentin was significantly higher. In αCCR6+CCL20 group, mRNA and protein level of E-cadherin significantly increased compared to CCL20 group, while Vimentin was much lower than CCL20 group. There was no significant difference in TE-1. In summary, high expression of CCR6 existed in the lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of ESCC. CCR6 play an important role in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration. CCR6 may participate in regulating the occurrence of EMT in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Haifeng Deng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Changping Wu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
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10
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Dutta P, Ta A, Thakur BK, Dasgupta N, Das S. Biphasic Ccl20 regulation by Toll-like receptor 9 through the activation of ERK-AP-1 and non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:3365-3377. [PMID: 27590109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokines play key roles in immune homeostasis and inflammatory response. Considering the role of Ccl20 and Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in gut homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), regulation of Ccl20 by bacterial DNA, the TLR9 ligand, merits in-depth studies. METHODS We analyzed Ccl20 expression in various epithelial cell (EC) lines by q-PCR and ELISA. In-vivo expression was investigated in isolated murine colonocytes by immunoblotting. Transcriptional regulation of Ccl20 was studied by reporter assays, gene knock-down, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Activation of upstream kinases was checked by immunoblotting. RESULTS We showed low levels of Ccl20 expression in mouse colonic ECs, but marked induction by in vivo treatment with bacterial DNA. This corroborated with persistent Ccl20 induction in different EC lines. We found involvement of MAP-kinases during the early hours after stimulation, and a novel AP-1site (-252bp) regulated the expression in colonic ECs. More importantly, mutually exclusive transcriptional regulation by AP-1 (cjun/cfos) and non-canonical NF-κB (RelB/p52) downstream of MEK-ERK and NIK-IKK-α-NF-κB2 (p100) phosphorylation, respectively was responsible for persistent Ccl20 expression in the colonic cells, while canonical NF-κB isoforms played no role. CONCLUSIONS Persistent Ccl20 induction by TLR9 in colonic ECs involves early and delayed activation of two independent signaling pathways. This is the first report of non-canonical NF-κB activation and Ccl20 expression in the colonic ECs by TLR9. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our study will help to better understand immune regulation by Ccl20 in the intestine and may be exploited for future development of novel therapeutics against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pujarini Dutta
- Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Atri Ta
- Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Bhupesh Kumar Thakur
- Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Nirmalya Dasgupta
- Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Santasabuj Das
- Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India.
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11
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Søreide K. The research conundrum of acute appendicitis. Br J Surg 2015; 102:1151-2. [PMID: 26267603 PMCID: PMC4584492 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Søreide
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway.
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