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Fiore M, Ricci M, Rosso A, Flacco ME, Manzoli L. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment: A Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6978. [PMID: 38002593 PMCID: PMC10672453 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12226978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis of observational studies aimed at estimating the overall prevalence of overdiagnosis and overtreatment in subjects with a clinical diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). MedLine, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched, and random-effect meta-analyses of proportions were stratified by spirometry criteria (Global Initiative for COPD (GOLD) or Lower Limit of Normal (LLN)), and setting (hospital or primary care). Forty-two studies were included. Combining the data from 39 datasets, including a total of 23,765 subjects, the pooled prevalence of COPD overdiagnosis, according to the GOLD definition, was 42.0% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 37.3-46.8%). The pooled prevalence according to the LLN definition was 48.2% (40.6-55.9%). The overdiagnosis rate was higher in primary care than in hospital settings. Fourteen studies, including a total of 8183 individuals, were included in the meta-analysis estimating the prevalence of COPD overtreatment. The pooled rates of overtreatment according to GOLD and LLN definitions were 57.1% (40.9-72.6%) and 36.3% (17.8-57.2%), respectively. When spirometry is not used, a large proportion of patients are erroneously diagnosed with COPD. Approximately half of them are also incorrectly treated, with potential adverse effects and a massive inefficiency of resources allocation. Strategies to increase the compliance to current guidelines on COPD diagnosis are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Fiore
- Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Matteo Ricci
- Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Annalisa Rosso
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.R.); (M.E.F.)
| | - Maria Elena Flacco
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.R.); (M.E.F.)
| | - Lamberto Manzoli
- Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (M.R.)
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Yangui F, Touil A, Antit S, Zakhama L, Charfi MR. COPD prevalence in smokers with stable ischemic heart disease: A cross-sectional study in Tunisia. Respir Med 2021; 179:106335. [PMID: 33621707 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are common causes of mortality worldwide, with shared risk factors. COPD continues to be largely underdiagnosed and undertreated, especially in patients with IHD. OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of COPD in smokers with confirmed IHD and to compare IHD characteristics between COPD patients and those without COPD. METHODS It was a cross-sectional study, conducted between August and December 2017, including patients over 40 years of age, current or former smokers, with stable and confirmed IHD. Spirometry was undertaken for all participants, and COPD was defined according to GOLD criteria. RESULTS A total of 122 patients, with mean age of 59.3 years and mean pack-year of 52.3, were enrolled. Spirometry was normal in 63.2% of patients and airflow limitation was the most frequent ventilatory disorder (20.5%). COPD was diagnosed in 19.7% of patients. Of the 24 COPD patients, 17 (70.8%) were previously undiagnosed. Airflow limitation severity in COPD patients was classified mild, moderate, severe and very severe in 25%, 62.5%, 8.3% and 4.2% of patients. Comparison between COPD patients and non-COPD patients showed that comorbidities, respiratory symptoms, chest x-ray abnormalities, life-threatening lesions, three vessel disease, pulmonary hypertension and right ventricle dysfunction were significantly more frequent in COPD patients. CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of COPD among smoking patients with IHD, and most were undiagnosed despite being symptomatic. Smokers with IHD, especially if having respiratory symptoms, radiological or ultrasound abnormalities or life-threatening coronary lesions should be evaluated for airflow limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdaous Yangui
- University Tunis El Manar. Faculty of Medicine of Tunis. Street Djebel Lakhdhar. La Rabta. 2007. Tunis. Tunisia; Department of Pneumology. Interior Security Forces Hospital. Street Taher Ben Achour. La Marsa. 2070. Tunis. Tunisia.
| | - Amany Touil
- University Tunis El Manar. Faculty of Medicine of Tunis. Street Djebel Lakhdhar. La Rabta. 2007. Tunis. Tunisia; Department of Pneumology. Interior Security Forces Hospital. Street Taher Ben Achour. La Marsa. 2070. Tunis. Tunisia
| | - Saoussen Antit
- University Tunis El Manar. Faculty of Medicine of Tunis. Street Djebel Lakhdhar. La Rabta. 2007. Tunis. Tunisia; Department of Cardiology. Interior Security Forces Hospital. Street Taher Ben Achour. La Marsa. 2070. Tunis. Tunisia
| | - Lilia Zakhama
- University Tunis El Manar. Faculty of Medicine of Tunis. Street Djebel Lakhdhar. La Rabta. 2007. Tunis. Tunisia; Department of Cardiology. Interior Security Forces Hospital. Street Taher Ben Achour. La Marsa. 2070. Tunis. Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ridha Charfi
- University Tunis El Manar. Faculty of Medicine of Tunis. Street Djebel Lakhdhar. La Rabta. 2007. Tunis. Tunisia; Department of Pneumology. Interior Security Forces Hospital. Street Taher Ben Achour. La Marsa. 2070. Tunis. Tunisia
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Thomas ET, Glasziou P, Dobler CC. Use of the terms "overdiagnosis" and "misdiagnosis" in the COPD literature: a rapid review. Breathe (Sheff) 2019; 15:e8-e19. [PMID: 31031840 PMCID: PMC6481986 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0354-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Challenges in the diagnostic process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can result in diagnostic misclassifications, including overdiagnosis. The term "overdiagnosis" in general has been associated with variable definitions. In connection with efforts to reduce low-value care, "overdiagnosis" has been defined as a true positive diagnosis of a condition that is not associated with any harm in the diagnosed person. It is, however, unclear how the term "overdiagnosis" is used in the COPD literature. We conducted a rapid review of the literature to explore how the terms "overdiagnosis" and "misdiagnosis" are used in the context of COPD. Electronic searches of Medline were conducted from inception to October 2018, to identify primary studies that reported on over- and/or misdiagnosis of COPD using these terms. 28 articles were included in this review. Overdiagnosis and misdiagnosis in COPD were found to be used to describe five main concepts: 1) physician COPD diagnosis despite normal spirometry (14 studies); 2) discordant results for COPD diagnosis based on different spirometry-based definitions for airflow obstruction (10 studies); 3) COPD diagnosis based on pre-bronchodilator spirometry results (three studies); 4) comorbidities (e.g. heart failure or asthma) that affect spirometry and have clinical features which overlap with COPD (two studies); and 5) normalisation of abnormal (post-bronchodilator) spirometry at follow-up (one study). The terms "overdiagnosis" and "misdiagnosis" were often used interchangeably and almost always referred to a false positive diagnosis. Performing (technically correct) spirometry with correct interpretation of the results could probably reduce misdiagnosis in a large proportion of the misdiagnosed cases of COPD. In addition, guidelines need to provide a more acceptable consensus spirometric definition of airflow obstruction. KEY POINTS In the COPD literature, the terms "overdiagnosis" and "misdiagnosis" are often used interchangeably and almost always refer to a false positive diagnosis.Use of spirometry with correct interpretation of the results can avoid a substantial proportion of cases of misdiagnosis of COPD. EDUCATIONAL AIMS To explore the use of the terms "overdiagnosis" and "misdiagnosis" in the COPD literature.To identify the main sources of overdiagnosis and misdiagnosis in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth T Thomas
- Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
- Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Australia
| | - Paul Glasziou
- Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
| | - Claudia C Dobler
- Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
- Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Australia
- Evidence-Based Practice Center, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Magitta NF, Walker RW, Apte KK, Shimwela MD, Mwaiselage JD, Sanga AA, Namdeo AK, Madas SJ, Salvi SS. Prevalence, risk factors and clinical correlates of COPD in a rural setting in Tanzania. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/2/1700182. [PMID: 29386343 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00182-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes substantial burden of disease in developed countries, but there are limited data from Africa. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of COPD in Tanzania and identify the risk factors associated with it.This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey involving adults aged ≥35 years. We collected data on symptoms and risk factors using the Burden of Obstructive Lung Diseases questionnaire. Spirometry was performed and COPD diagnosed based on post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity <70%. We also measured indoor and outdoor carbon monoxide (CO) levels.A total of 869 participants (49.1% females) completed the questionnaires. Of these, 57.1% completed post-bronchodilator spirometry. Of the 25.2% ever-smokers, only 5.4% were current smokers. COPD prevalence was estimated at 17.5% (21.7% in males and 12.9% in females). COPD was associated with a history of cough, phlegm production and wheezing. 51.7% of COPD patients reported cough and 85% had mild to moderate airway limitation. Females had a higher rate of exacerbation. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was reported in 10% of patients. Only 1.7% of patients who were diagnosed as COPD had ever received any medication, with only one female COPD patient having received an inhaler. 99.5% of the population used biomass fuels for cooking. The majority of households had CO levels up to 20 ppm.The prevalence of COPD in Tanzania is high, with a peak at a relatively young age and a preponderance in males. A history of TB, cigarette smoking and male sex are important risk factors. Indoor air pollution coupled with use of biomass fuel for cooking and heating may be an important risk factor for developing COPD in rural Tanzania. However, these factors need to be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ng'weina Francis Magitta
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania .,Dept of Biochemistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Richard William Walker
- Dept of Medicine, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Julius David Mwaiselage
- Dept of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anna Alphonce Sanga
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.,Amana Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anil Kumar Namdeo
- Transport Operations Research Group, School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Rogliani P, Brusasco V, Fabbri L, Ungar A, Muscianisi E, Barisone I, Corsini A, De Angelis G. Multidimensional approach for the proper management of a complex chronic patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2017; 12:103-112. [PMID: 29241393 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1417041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is frequently associated with comorbidities occurring either independently or as consequences of COPD. Areas covered: This review examines the interactions between the pathophysiology of COPD and the most frequent comorbidities, and highlights the need for multidimensional clinical strategies to manage COPD patients with comorbidities. Expert commentary: Most COPD patients need to be approached in a complex and multifactorial scenario. The diagnosis of COPD is necessarily based on the presence of chronic respiratory symptoms and poorly reversible airflow obstruction, but exacerbations and comorbidities need to be considered in the evaluation of disease severity and prognosis in individual patients. More importantly, defining the precise relationship between COPD and comorbidities for each patient is the basis for a correct therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rogliani
- a Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Vito Brusasco
- b Department of Internal Medicine , University of Genoa , Genova , Italy
| | - Leonardo Fabbri
- c Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Geriatric , Sant'Agostino Hospital , Modena , Italy
| | - Andrea Ungar
- d Geriatric and Intensive Care Medicine , AO Careggi and University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Elisa Muscianisi
- e Novartis Farma Spa, Respiratory Franchise , Origgio , VA , Italy
| | - Ilaria Barisone
- e Novartis Farma Spa, Respiratory Franchise , Origgio , VA , Italy
| | - Alberto Corsini
- f Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy.,g Multimedica IRCCS , Milan Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Angelis
- h Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
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Griffo R, Spanevello A, Temporelli PL, Faggiano P, Carone M, Magni G, Ambrosino N, Tavazzi L. Frequent coexistence of chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in respiratory and cardiac outpatients: Evidence from SUSPIRIUM, a multicentre Italian survey. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 24:567-576. [PMID: 28067533 DOI: 10.1177/2047487316687425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexist but concurrent COPD + CHF has been little investigated. Design This multicentre survey (SUSPIRIUM) was designed to evaluate: the prevalence of COPD in stable CHF and CHF in stable COPD; diagnostic/therapeutic work-up for concurrent COPD + CHF; clinical profile of patients with COPD + CHF; predictors of COPD in CHF and CHF in COPD. Methods A 5-month-long cross-sectional prospective observational survey was conducted in 10 cardiac and 10 respiratory connected outpatient units. Results The prevalence of CHF in the 378 surveyed COPD patients was 11.9% (95% confidence interval 8.8-16.6) and the prevalence of COPD in 375 CHF patients was 31.5% (95% confidence interval 26.8-36.4). Diagnostic tests for suspected comorbidity were prescribed in 21.6% and 22.9% of COPD and CHF patients, respectively. Patients with coexisting CHF + COPD had a higher incidence of hypertension, physical inactivity and more frequently a GOLD score of 3 or greater. Compared to CHF only, CHF + COPD patients were significantly older, more frequently smokers, at worse respiratory risk and in a higher New York Heart Association class. Conversely, hypercholesterolaemia, a family history of ischaemic heart disease, fluid retention and comorbidities were more frequent in COPD + CHF than COPD-only patients. At multivariate analysis, a GOLD score of 3 or greater in CHF strongly predicted coexistent COPD (odds ratio 8.985, P < 0.0001) as did a history of other respiratory diseases (5.184, P < 0.0001). A history of ischaemic heart disease (4.868, P < 0.0001), atrial fibrillation (3.302, P < 0.0001) and sedentary lifestyle (2.814, P < 0.004) predicted coexistent CHF in COPD. Conclusion The high prevalence of COPD + CHF calls for integrated disease management between cardiologists and pulmonologists. SUSPIRIUM identifies which cardiac/pulmonary outpatients should be screened for the respective comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Griffo
- 1 Italian Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (GICR-IACPR), Research and Educational Centre, Italy
| | - Antonio Spanevello
- 2 Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Tradate and University of Insubria, Italy
| | | | - Pompilio Faggiano
- 4 Division of Cardiology, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Mauro Carone
- 5 Division of Pneumology, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Cassano nelle Murge, Italy
| | | | - Nicolino Ambrosino
- 7 Cardio-Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department, Auxilium Vitae, Volterra, Italy
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- 8 Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research-E.S. Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
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Prevalence of airflow obstruction in patients with stable systolic heart failure. BMC Pulm Med 2017; 17:6. [PMID: 28061834 PMCID: PMC5219786 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-016-0351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important differential diagnosis in heart failure (HF). However, routine use of spirometry in outpatient HF clinics is not implemented. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of both airflow obstruction and non obstructive lung function impairment in patients with HF and to examine the effect of optimal medical treatment for HF on lung function parameters. Methods Consecutive patients with HF (ejection fraction (EF) < 45%) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II-IV at 10 different outpatient heart failure clinics were examined with spirometry at their first visit and after optimal medical treatment for HF was achieved. airflow obstruction was classified and graded according to the GOLD 2011 revision. Results Baseline spirometry was performed in 593 included patients and 71 (12%) had a clinical diagnosis of COPD. Mean age was 69 ± 11 years and mean EF was 30 ± 9%. Thirty-two % of the patients were active smokers and 53% were previous smokers. Mean FEV1 and FVC was 77.9 ± 1.7% and 85.4 ± 1.5% of predicted respectively. Obstructive pattern was observed in 233 (39%) of the patients. Of these, 53 patients (9%) had mild disease (GOLD I) and 180 (30%) patients had moderate to very severe disease (GOLD II-IV). No difference in spirometric variables was observed following up titration of medication. Conclusion In stable patients with HF airflow obstruction is frequent and severely underdiagnosed. Spirometry should be considered in all patients with HF in order to improve diagnosis and treatment for concomitant pulmonary disease.
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Hennawy MG, Elhosseiny NM, Sultan H, Abdelfattah W, Akl Y, Sabry NA, Attia AS. The effect of α 1-antitrypsin deficiency combined with increased bacterial loads on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pharmacotherapy: A prospective, parallel, controlled pilot study. J Adv Res 2016; 7:1019-1028. [PMID: 27857848 PMCID: PMC5106446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) genetic susceptibility and exacerbated by infection. The current pilot study aimed at studying the combined effect of AATD and bacterial loads on the efficacy of COPD conventional pharmacotherapy. Fifty-nine subjects (29 controls and 30 COPD patients) were tested for genetic AATD and respiratory function. The bacterial loads were determined to the patients’ group who were then given a long acting beta-agonist and corticosteroid inhaler for 6 months. Nineteen percent of the studied group were Pi∗MZ (heterozygote deficiency variant), Pi∗S (5%) (milder deficiency variant), Pi∗ZZ (10%) (the most common deficiency variant), and Pi∗Mmalton (2%) (very rare deficiency variant). The patients’ sputum contained from 0 to 8 × 108 CFU/mL pathogenic bacteria. The forced vital capacity (FVC6) values of the AAT non-deficient group significantly improved after 3 and 6 months. Patients lacking AATD and pathogenic bacteria showed significant improvement in forced expiratory volume (FEV1), FEV1/FVC6, FVC6, and 6 min walk distance (6MWD) after 6 months. However, patients with AATD and pathogenic bacteria showed only significant improvement in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC6. The findings of this pilot study highlight for the first time the role of the combined AATD and pathogenic bacterial loads on the efficacy of COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa G Hennawy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Noha M Elhosseiny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hussein Sultan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Wael Abdelfattah
- Department of Chest Diseases and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11539, Egypt
| | - Yousry Akl
- Department of Chest Diseases and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Nirmeen A Sabry
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Attia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Güder G, Brenner S, Störk S, Hoes A, Rutten FH. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in heart failure: accurate diagnosis and treatment. Eur J Heart Fail 2014; 16:1273-82. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gülmisal Güder
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center; University of Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology; University Hospital Würzburg; Germany
| | - Susanne Brenner
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center; University of Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology; University Hospital Würzburg; Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center; University of Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology; University Hospital Würzburg; Germany
| | - Arno Hoes
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Frans H. Rutten
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
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10
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Minasian AG, van den Elshout FJ, Dekhuijzen PR, Vos PJ, Willems FF, van den Bergh PJ, Heijdra YF. Serial pulmonary function tests to diagnose COPD in chronic heart failure. TRANSLATIONAL RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2014; 2:12. [PMID: 25285269 PMCID: PMC4177105 DOI: 10.1186/s40247-014-0012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background It is unknown whether serial pulmonary function tests are necessary for the correct diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients with stable non-congested chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of COPD in outpatients with stable CHF without pulmonary congestion using initial as well as confirmatory spirometry three months after treatment for COPD. Methods Spirometry was performed in 187 outpatients with stable CHF without pulmonary congestion on chest radiograph who had a left ventricular ejection fraction < 40% (mean age 69 ± 10 years, 78% men). COPD was defined according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines. The diagnosis of COPD was confirmed three months after treatment with tiotropium in newly diagnosed COPD patients. Results Using a three month follow-up spirometry to confirm initial diagnosis of de novo COPD did not change COPD prevalence significantly: 32.6% initially versus 32.1% after three months of follow-up. Only 1 of 25 (4%) patients with newly diagnosed COPD was not reproducibly obstructed at follow-up. COPD was greatly under- (19%) and overdiagnosed (32%). Conclusions Spirometry should be used under stable and euvolemic conditions to decrease the burden of undiagnosed or overdiagnosed COPD in patients with CHF. Under these conditions, a confirmatory spirometry is unnecessary, as it does not change a newly established diagnosis of COPD in the vast majority of patients with CHF. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01429376. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40247-014-0012-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armine G Minasian
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Rijnstate Hospital, Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 AD Arnhem, The Netherlands ; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Rijnstate Hospital, P.O. Box 9555, 6800 TA Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Jj van den Elshout
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Rijnstate Hospital, Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 AD Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Pn Richard Dekhuijzen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein-Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Petra Je Vos
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Rijnstate Hospital, Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 AD Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Frank F Willems
- Department of Cardiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 AD Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Jpc van den Bergh
- Department of Cardiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 AD Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne F Heijdra
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein-Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Güder G, Rutten FH. Comorbidity of Heart Failure and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: More than Coincidence. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2014; 11:337-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s11897-014-0212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Parissis JT, Andreoli C, Kadoglou N, Ikonomidis I, Farmakis D, Dimopoulou I, Iliodromitis E, Anastasiou-Nana M, Lainscak M, Ambrosio G, Mebazaa A, Filippatos G, Follath F. Differences in clinical characteristics, management and short-term outcome between acute heart failure patients chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and those without this co-morbidity. Clin Res Cardiol 2014; 103:733-41. [PMID: 24718849 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-014-0708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM-METHODS ALARM-HF was a retrospective, observational registry that included 4,953 patients admitted for acute heart failure (AHF) in six European countries, Turkey, Mexico and Australia. Data about respiratory disorders and related medications were available for 4,616 patients with AHF. RESULTS Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients (n = 1,143, 24.8%) were older and more frequently men (p < 0.001) when compared to non-COPD patients. Despite the equivalent left ventricular ejection fraction (38.6 ± 13.7 vs. 38.2 ± 14.5%, p > 0.05), COPD patients more frequently presented with acutely decompensated heart failure (p < 0.001). Moreover, a worse cardiovascular profile was observed in the COPD group, including more atrial fibrillation/flutter, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, peripheral vascular disease (p < 0.001). Before admission, a higher percentage of COPD patients had experienced infections (25.0 vs. 14.0 %, p < 0.001), and were more likely to receive diuretics (p = 0.006), ACE inhibitors (p = 0.042), nitrates (p = 0.003), and digoxin (p = 0.034). With the exception of ACE inhibitors, those differences maintained at discharge, with concomitant increase in ARBs prescription (p = 0.01). Notably, β-blockers were less prescribed before admission (21.1 vs. 23.8%, p = 0.055) in COPD patients, and remained underutilized at discharge (p < 0.001). Correcting for baseline differences, all-cause in-hospital mortality did not differ between COPD and non-COPD groups (10.1 vs. 10.9%, p = 0.085). CONCLUSION A large proportion of AHF patients presented with concomitant COPD, had different clinical characteristics/co-morbidities, and less frequently received evidence-based pharmacological therapy compared to non-COPD patients. However, the in-hospital mortality was not higher in COPD group.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Parissis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece,
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Minasian AG, van den Elshout FJJ, Dekhuijzen PNR, Vos PJE, Willems FF, van den Bergh PJPC, Heijdra YF. COPD in chronic heart failure: less common than previously thought? Heart Lung 2014; 42:365-71. [PMID: 23998385 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a fixed ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) < 0.70 instead of the lower limit of normal (LLN) to define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may lead to overdiagnosis of COPD in elderly patients with heart failure (HF) and consequently unnecessary treatment with possible adverse health effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine COPD prevalence in patients with chronic HF according to two definitions of airflow obstruction. METHODS Spirometry was performed in 187 outpatients with stable chronic HF without pulmonary congestion who had a left ventricular ejection fraction <40% (mean age 69 ± 10 years, 78% men). COPD diagnosis was confirmed 3 months after standard treatment with tiotropium in newly diagnosed COPD patients. RESULTS COPD prevalence varied substantially between 19.8% (LLN-COPD) and 32.1% (GOLD-COPD). Twenty-three of 60 patients (38.3%) with GOLD-COPD were potentially misclassified as having COPD (FEV1/FVC < 0.7 but > LLN). In contrast to patients with LLN-COPD, potentially misclassified patients did not differ significantly from those without COPD regarding respiratory symptoms and risk factors for COPD. CONCLUSIONS One fifth, rather than one third, of the patients with chronic HF had concomitant COPD using the LLN instead of the fixed ratio. LLN may identify clinically more important COPD than a fixed ratio of 0.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armine G Minasian
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Rijnstate Hospital, Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 AD Arnhem, The Netherlands.
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14
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Tilert T, Dillon C, Paulose-Ram R, Hnizdo E, Doney B. Estimating the U.S. prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010. Respir Res 2013; 14:103. [PMID: 24107140 PMCID: PMC3854606 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During 2007-2010, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted a spirometry component which obtained pre-bronchodilator pulmonary lung function data on a nationally representative sample of US adults aged 6-79 years and post-bronchodilator pulmonary lung function data for the subset of adults with airflow limitation. The goals of this study were to 1) compute prevalence estimates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry measurements and fixed ratio and lower limit of normal (LLN) diagnostic criteria and 2) examine the potential impact of nonresponse on the estimates. METHODS This analysis was limited to those aged 40-79 years who were eligible for NHANES pre-bronchodilator spirometry (n=7,104). Examinees with likely airflow limitation were further eligible for post-bronchodilator testing (n=1,110). Persons were classified as having COPD based on FEV1/FVC < 70% (fixed ratio) or FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normal (LLN) based on person's age, sex, height, and race/ethnicity. Those without spirometry but self-reporting both daytime supplemental oxygen therapy plus emphysema and/or current chronic bronchitis were also classified as having COPD. The final analytic samples for pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator analyses were 77.1% (n=5,477) and 50.8% (n=564) of those eligible, respectively. To account for non-response, NHANES examination weights were adjusted to the eligible pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator subpopulations. RESULTS In 2007-2010, using the fixed ratio criterion and pre-bronchodilator test results, COPD prevalence was 20.9% (SE 1.1) among US adults aged 40-79 years. Applying the same criterion to post-bronchodilator test results, prevalence was 14.0% (SE 1.0). Using the LLN criterion and pre-bronchodilator test results, the COPD prevalence was 15.4% (SE 0.8), while applying the same criterion to post-bronchodilator test results, prevalence was 10.2% (SE 0.8). CONCLUSIONS The overall COPD prevalence among US adults aged 40-79 years varied from 10.2% to 20.9% based on whether pre- or post-bronchodilator values were used and which diagnostic criterion (fixed ratio or LLN) was applied. The overall prevalence decreased by approximately 33% when airflow limitation was based on post-bronchodilator as compared to pre-bronchodilator spirometry, regardless of which diagnostic criterion was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Tilert
- Division of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3311 Toledo Road, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA
| | - Charles Dillon
- Division of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3311 Toledo Road, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA
| | - Ryne Paulose-Ram
- Division of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3311 Toledo Road, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA
| | - Eva Hnizdo
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Brent Doney
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
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