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Kouri N, Frankenhauser I, Peng Z, Labuzan SA, Boon BDC, Moloney CM, Pottier C, Wickland DP, Caetano-Anolles K, Corriveau-Lecavalier N, Tranovich JF, Wood AC, Hinkle KM, Lincoln SJ, Spychalla AJ, Senjem ML, Przybelski SA, Engelberg-Cook E, Schwarz CG, Kwan RS, Lesser ER, Crook JE, Carter RE, Ross OA, Lachner C, Ertekin-Taner N, Ferman TJ, Fields JA, Machulda MM, Ramanan VK, Nguyen AT, Reichard RR, Jones DT, Graff-Radford J, Boeve BF, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Jack CR, Kantarci K, Day GS, Duara R, Graff-Radford NR, Dickson DW, Lowe VJ, Vemuri P, Murray ME. Clinicopathologic Heterogeneity and Glial Activation Patterns in Alzheimer Disease. JAMA Neurol 2024:2817289. [PMID: 38619853 PMCID: PMC11019448 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.0784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Importance Factors associated with clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer disease (AD) lay along a continuum hypothesized to associate with tangle distribution and are relevant for understanding glial activation considerations in therapeutic advancement. Objectives To examine clinicopathologic and neuroimaging characteristics of disease heterogeneity in AD along a quantitative continuum using the corticolimbic index (CLix) to account for individuality of spatially distributed tangles found at autopsy. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study was a retrospective medical record review performed on the Florida Autopsied Multiethnic (FLAME) cohort accessioned from 1991 to 2020. Data were analyzed from December 2022 to December 2023. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tau positron emission tomography (PET) were evaluated in an independent neuroimaging group. The FLAME cohort includes 2809 autopsied individuals; included in this study were neuropathologically diagnosed AD cases (FLAME-AD). A digital pathology subgroup of FLAME-AD cases was derived for glial activation analyses. Main Outcomes and Measures Clinicopathologic factors of heterogeneity that inform patient history and neuropathologic evaluation of AD; CLix score (lower, relative cortical predominance/hippocampal sparing vs higher, relative cortical sparing/limbic predominant cases); neuroimaging measures (ie, structural MRI and tau-PET). Results Of the 2809 autopsied individuals in the FLAME cohort, 1361 neuropathologically diagnosed AD cases were evaluated. A digital pathology subgroup included 60 FLAME-AD cases. The independent neuroimaging group included 93 cases. Among the 1361 FLAME-AD cases, 633 were male (47%; median [range] age at death, 81 [54-96] years) and 728 were female (53%; median [range] age at death, 81 [53-102] years). A younger symptomatic onset (Spearman ρ = 0.39, P < .001) and faster decline on the Mini-Mental State Examination (Spearman ρ = 0.27; P < .001) correlated with a lower CLix score in FLAME-AD series. Cases with a nonamnestic syndrome had lower CLix scores (median [IQR], 13 [9-18]) vs not (median [IQR], 21 [15-27]; P < .001). Hippocampal MRI volume (Spearman ρ = -0.45; P < .001) and flortaucipir tau-PET uptake in posterior cingulate and precuneus cortex (Spearman ρ = -0.74; P < .001) inversely correlated with CLix score. Although AD cases with a CLix score less than 10 had higher cortical tangle count, we found lower percentage of CD68-activated microglia/macrophage burden (median [IQR], 0.46% [0.32%-0.75%]) compared with cases with a CLix score of 10 to 30 (median [IQR], 0.75% [0.51%-0.98%]) and on par with a CLix score of 30 or greater (median [IQR], 0.40% [0.32%-0.57%]; P = .02). Conclusions and Relevance Findings show that AD heterogeneity exists along a continuum of corticolimbic tangle distribution. Reduced CD68 burden may signify an underappreciated association between tau accumulation and microglia/macrophages activation that should be considered in personalized therapy for immune dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Kouri
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Isabelle Frankenhauser
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
- Paracelsus Medical Private University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Zhongwei Peng
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | | | | | - Cyril Pottier
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Daniel P. Wickland
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - Nick Corriveau-Lecavalier
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Ashley C. Wood
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Kelly M. Hinkle
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | | | | | - Scott A. Przybelski
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Rain S. Kwan
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Elizabeth R. Lesser
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Julia E. Crook
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Rickey E. Carter
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Owen A. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Christian Lachner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Tanis J. Ferman
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Julie A. Fields
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mary M. Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Aivi T. Nguyen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - R. Ross Reichard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David T. Jones
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gregory S. Day
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida
| | | | | | - Val J. Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Mohanty R, Ferreira D, Westman E. Multi-pathological contributions toward atrophy patterns in the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1355695. [PMID: 38655107 PMCID: PMC11036869 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1355695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Heterogeneity in downstream atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is predominantly investigated in relation to pathological hallmarks (Aβ, tau) and co-pathologies (cerebrovascular burden) independently. However, the proportional contribution of each pathology in determining atrophy pattern remains unclear. We assessed heterogeneity in atrophy using two recently conceptualized dimensions: typicality (typical AD atrophy at the center and deviant atypical atrophy on either extreme including limbic predominant to hippocampal sparing patterns) and severity (overall neurodegeneration spanning minimal atrophy to diffuse typical AD atrophy) in relation to Aβ, tau, and cerebrovascular burden. Methods We included 149 Aβ + individuals on the AD continuum (cognitively normal, prodromal AD, AD dementia) and 163 Aβ- cognitively normal individuals from the ADNI. We modeled heterogeneity in MRI-based atrophy with continuous-scales of typicality (ratio of hippocampus to cortical volume) and severity (total gray matter volume). Partial correlation models investigated the association of typicality/severity with (a) Aβ (global Aβ PET centiloid), tau (global tau PET SUVR), cerebrovascular (total white matter hypointensity volume) burden (b) four cognitive domains (memory, executive function, language, visuospatial composites). Using multiple regression, we assessed the association of each pathological burden and typicality/severity with cognition. Results (a) In the AD continuum, typicality (r = -0.31, p < 0.001) and severity (r = -0.37, p < 0.001) were associated with tau burden after controlling for Aβ, cerebrovascular burden and age. Findings imply greater tau pathology in limbic predominant atrophy and diffuse atrophy. (b) Typicality was associated with memory (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and language scores (r = 0.19, p = 0.02). Severity was associated with memory (r = 0.26, p < 0.001), executive function (r = 0.24, p = 0.003) and language scores (r = 0.29, p < 0.001). Findings imply better cognitive performance in hippocampal sparing and minimal atrophy patterns. Beyond typicality/severity, tau burden but not Aβ and cerebrovascular burden explained cognition. Conclusion In the AD continuum, atrophy-based severity was more strongly associated with tau burden than typicality after accounting for Aβ and cerebrovascular burden. Cognitive performance in memory, executive function and language domains was explained by typicality and/or severity and additionally tau pathology. Typicality and severity may differentially reflect burden arising from tau pathology but not Aβ or cerebrovascular pathologies which need to be accounted for when investigating AD heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaleena Mohanty
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Neuroimaging, Center for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Kim YA, Mellen M, Kizil C, Santa-Maria I. Mechanisms linking cerebrovascular dysfunction and tauopathy: Adding a layer of epiregulatory complexity. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:879-895. [PMID: 37926507 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated misfolded tau proteins are found in many neurodegenerative tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tau pathology can impact cerebrovascular physiology and function through multiple mechanisms. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that alterations in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and function can result in synaptic abnormalities and neuronal damage. In the present review, we will summarize how tau proteostasis dysregulation contributes to vascular dysfunction and, conversely, we will examine the factors and pathways leading to tau pathological alterations triggered by cerebrovascular dysfunction. Finally, we will highlight the role epigenetic and epitranscriptomic factors play in regulating the integrity of the cerebrovascular system and the progression of tauopathy including a few observartions on potential therapeutic interventions. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon A Kim
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marian Mellen
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Caghan Kizil
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ismael Santa-Maria
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcon, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Alexander A, Alvarez VE, Huber BR, Alosco ML, Mez J, Tripodis Y, Nicks R, Katz DI, Dwyer B, Daneshvar DH, Martin B, Palmisano J, Goldstein LE, Crary JF, Nowinski C, Cantu RC, Kowall NW, Stern RA, Delalle I, McKee AC, Stein TD. Cortical-sparing chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CSCTE): a distinct subtype of CTE. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:45. [PMID: 38407651 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by repetitive head impacts (RHI) and pathologically defined as neuronal phosphorylated tau aggregates around small blood vessels and concentrated at sulcal depths. Cross-sectional studies suggest that tau inclusions follow a stereotyped pattern that begins in the neocortex in low stage disease, followed by involvement of the medial temporal lobe and subcortical regions with significant neocortical burden in high stage CTE. Here, we define a subset of brain donors with high stage CTE and with a low overall cortical burden of tau inclusions (mean semiquantitative value ≤1) and classify them as cortical-sparing CTE (CSCTE). Of 620 brain donors with pathologically diagnosed CTE, 66 (11%) met criteria for CSCTE. Compared to typical high stage CTE, those with CSCTE had a similar age at death and years of contact sports participation and were less likely to carry apolipoprotein ε4 (p < 0.05). CSCTE had less overall tau pathology severity, but a proportional increase of disease burden in medial temporal lobe and brainstem regions compared to the neocortex (p's < 0.001). CSCTE also had lower prevalence of comorbid neurodegenerative disease. Clinically, CSCTE participants were less likely to have dementia (p = 0.023) and had less severe cognitive difficulties (as reported by informants using the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ); p < 0.001, meta-cognitional index T score; p = 0.002 and Cognitive Difficulties Scale (CDS); p < 0.001,) but had an earlier onset age of behavioral (p = 0.006) and Parkinsonian motor (p = 0.013) symptoms when compared to typical high stage CTE. Other comorbid tauopathies likely contributed in part to these differences: when cases with concurrent Alzheimer dementia or frontal temporal lobar degeneration with tau pathology were excluded, differences were largely retained, but only remained significant for FAQ (p = 0.042), meta-cognition index T score (p = 0.014) and age of Parkinsonian motor symptom onset (p = 0.046). Overall, CSCTE appears to be a distinct subtype of high stage CTE with relatively greater involvement of subcortical and brainstem regions and less severe cognitive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Alexander
- Division of Neuropathology, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Victor E Alvarez
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
| | - Bertrand R Huber
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
| | - Michael L Alosco
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yorghos Tripodis
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond Nicks
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
| | - Douglas I Katz
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Braintree Rehabilitation Hospital, Braintree, MA, USA
| | - Brigid Dwyer
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Braintree Rehabilitation Hospital, Braintree, MA, USA
| | - Daniel H Daneshvar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett Martin
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph Palmisano
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lee E Goldstein
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Biomedical, Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University College of Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Nowinski
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Concussion Legacy Foundation, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert C Cantu
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Concussion Legacy Foundation, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emerson Hospital, Concord, MA, USA
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Stern
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivana Delalle
- Division of Neuropathology, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA.
- VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Jamaica Plain, MA, USA.
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- , 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
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Fernández-Moya SM, Ganesh AJ, Plass M. Neural cell diversity in the light of single-cell transcriptomics. Transcription 2023; 14:158-176. [PMID: 38229529 PMCID: PMC10807474 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2023.2295044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of highly parallel and affordable high-throughput single-cell transcriptomics technologies has revolutionized our understanding of brain complexity. These methods have been used to build cellular maps of the brain, its different regions, and catalog the diversity of cells in each of them during development, aging and even in disease. Now we know that cellular diversity is way beyond what was previously thought. Single-cell transcriptomics analyses have revealed that cell types previously considered homogeneous based on imaging techniques differ depending on several factors including sex, age and location within the brain. The expression profiles of these cells have also been exploited to understand which are the regulatory programs behind cellular diversity and decipher the transcriptional pathways driving them. In this review, we summarize how single-cell transcriptomics have changed our view on the cellular diversity in the human brain, and how it could impact the way we study neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, we describe the new computational approaches that can be used to study cellular differentiation and gain insight into the functions of individual cell populations under different conditions and their alterations in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra María Fernández-Moya
- Gene Regulation of Cell Identity, Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Program for Advancing Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia, P- CMR[C], Barcelona, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Akshay Jaya Ganesh
- Gene Regulation of Cell Identity, Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Program for Advancing Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia, P- CMR[C], Barcelona, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mireya Plass
- Gene Regulation of Cell Identity, Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Program for Advancing Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia, P- CMR[C], Barcelona, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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Kunvariya AD, Dave SA, Modi ZJ, Patel PK, Sagar SR. Exploration of multifaceted molecular mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in pathogenesis of various diseases. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15644. [PMID: 37153428 PMCID: PMC10160752 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a homolog of ACE (a transmembrane bound dipeptidyl peptidase enzyme). ACE2 converts angiotensinogen to the heptapeptide angiotensin-(1-7). ACE2 and its product, angiotensin-(1-7), have counteracting effects against the adverse actions of other members of renin-angiotensin system (RAS). ACE2 and its principal product, angiotensin-(1-7), were considered an under recognized arm of the RAS. The COVID-19 pandemic brought to light this arm of RAS with special focus on ACE2. Membrane bound ACE2 serves as a receptor for SARS-CoV-2 viral entry through spike proteins. Apart from that, ACE2 is also involved in the pathogenesis of various other diseases like cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and infertility. The present review focuses on the molecular mechanism of ACE2 in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular disease, infertility and respiratory diseases, including SARS-CoV-2. This review summarizes unveiled roles of ACE2 in the pathogenesis of various diseases which further provides intriguing possibilities for the use of ACE2 activators and RAS modulating agents for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi D. Kunvariya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad 382 210, India
| | - Shivani A. Dave
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad 382 210, India
| | - Zeal J. Modi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad 382 210, India
| | - Paresh K. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad 382 210, India
| | - Sneha R. Sagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad 382 210, India
- Corresponding author.
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Wei Z, Mei J, Li Q, Zhen X, Zhang Y. Elevated serum platelet count inhibits the effects of brain functional changes on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1088095. [PMID: 37051376 PMCID: PMC10083369 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1088095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveBrain function remodeling has been observed in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and is closely associated with cognitive performance. However, it is not clear if this relationship is influenced by complete blood counts. This study investigated the role of complete blood counts in the relationship between brain function and cognitive performance.MethodsTwenty-two MCI patients and eighteen controls were enrolled. All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. A neuropsychological battery [Mini-Mental Status Examination, Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Boston Naming Test (BNT), Shape Trails Test B (STT-B), Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), and Hamilton Depression Scale] was used to assess cognitive function, and MCI patients received complete blood counts tests for red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells, hemoglobin (HGB), monocytes, and platelet counts (PLT).ResultsCompared with controls, MCI patients demonstrated significantly decreased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) values in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, left post orbitofrontal cortex, right medial superior frontal gyrus, right insula, and left triangular inferior frontal gyrus. In the MCI group, there were associations between ALFF values of the left hippocampus (HIP.L) and AVLT (p = 0.003) and AVLT-N5 scores (p = 0.001); ALFF values of the right supramarginal gyrus (SMG.R) and BNT scores (p = 0.044); ALFF values of the right superior temporal gyrus (STG.R) and BNT scores (p = 0.022); ALFF values of the left precuneus (PCUN.L) and STT-B time (p = 0.012); and ALFF values of the left caudate nucleus (CAU.L) and RCFT-time (p = 0.036). Moreover, the HAMA scores were negatively correlated with RBC and HGB levels, and positively correlated with monocyte count. The PLT count was positively correlated with STT-B time. Additionally, high PLT count inhibited the effect of ALFF values of the PCUN. L on STT-B performance in MCI patients (p = 0.0207).ConclusionALFF values of the HIP. L, SMG.R, STG. R, PCUN.L, and CAU. L were associated with decreased memory, language, executive function, and visuospatial ability in MCI patients. Notably, elevated PLT count could inhibit the effect of brain functional changes in the PCUN.L on executive function in MCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijun Wei
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Mei
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhen
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaomin Zhen, ; Yunyun Zhang,
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaomin Zhen, ; Yunyun Zhang,
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8
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Chen LL, Fan YG, Zhao LX, Zhang Q, Wang ZY. The metal ion hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of metal chelators. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106301. [PMID: 36455485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation, is the most common dementia with uncertain etiology. The clinical trials of Aβ monoclonal antibody drugs have almost failed, giving rise to great attention on the other etiologic hypothesis regarding AD such as metal ions dysmetabolism and chronic neuroinflammation. Mounting evidence revealed that the metal ions (iron, copper, and zinc) were dysregulated in the susceptible brain regions of AD patients, which was highly associated with Aβ deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuronal loss, as well as neuroinflammation. Further studies uncovered that iron, copper and zinc could not only enhance the production of Aβ but also directly bind to Aβ and tau to promote their aggregations. In addition, the accumulation of iron and copper could respectively promote ferroptosis and cuproptosis. Therefore, the metal ion chelators were recognized as promising agents for treating AD. This review comprehensively summarized the effects of metal ions on the Aβ dynamics and tau phosphorylation in the progression of AD. Furthermore, taking chronic neuroinflammation contributes to the progression of AD, we also provided a summary of the mechanisms concerning metal ions on neuroinflammation and highlighted the metal ion chelators may be potential agents to alleviate neuroinflammation under the condition of AD. Nevertheless, more investigations regarding metal ions on neuroinflammation should be taken into practice, and the effects of metal ion chelators on neuroinflammation should gain more attention. Running title: Metal chelators against neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yong-Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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9
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Oatman SR, Reddy JS, Quicksall Z, Carrasquillo MM, Wang X, Liu CC, Yamazaki Y, Nguyen TT, Malphrus K, Heckman M, Biswas K, Nho K, Baker M, Martens YA, Zhao N, Kim JP, Risacher SL, Rademakers R, Saykin AJ, DeTure M, Murray ME, Kanekiyo T, Dickson DW, Bu G, Allen M, Ertekin-Taner N. Genome-wide association study of brain biochemical phenotypes reveals distinct genetic architecture of Alzheimer's disease related proteins. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:2. [PMID: 36609403 PMCID: PMC9825010 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00592-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neuropathologically characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The main protein components of these hallmarks include Aβ40, Aβ42, tau, phosphor-tau, and APOE. We hypothesize that genetic variants influence the levels and solubility of these AD-related proteins in the brain; identifying these may provide key insights into disease pathogenesis. METHODS Genome-wide genotypes were collected from 441 AD cases, imputed to the haplotype reference consortium (HRC) panel, and filtered for quality and frequency. Temporal cortex levels of five AD-related proteins from three fractions, buffer-soluble (TBS), detergent-soluble (Triton-X = TX), and insoluble (Formic acid = FA), were available for these same individuals. Variants were tested for association with each quantitative biochemical measure using linear regression, and GSA-SNP2 was used to identify enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Implicated variants and genes were further assessed for association with other relevant variables. RESULTS We identified genome-wide significant associations at seven novel loci and the APOE locus. Genes and variants at these loci also associate with multiple AD-related measures, regulate gene expression, have cell-type specific enrichment, and roles in brain health and other neuropsychiatric diseases. Pathway analysis identified significant enrichment of shared and distinct biological pathways. CONCLUSIONS Although all biochemical measures tested reflect proteins core to AD pathology, our results strongly suggest that each have unique genetic architecture and biological pathways that influence their specific biochemical states in the brain. Our novel approach of deep brain biochemical endophenotype GWAS has implications for pathophysiology of proteostasis in AD that can guide therapeutic discovery efforts focused on these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R. Oatman
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Joseph S. Reddy
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Zachary Quicksall
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | | | - Xue Wang
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Chia-Chen Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Yu Yamazaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Thuy T. Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Kimberly Malphrus
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Michael Heckman
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Kristi Biswas
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Matthew Baker
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Yuka A. Martens
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Jun Pyo Kim
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Shannon L. Risacher
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
- VIB-UA Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Melissa E. Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Takahisa Kanekiyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- VIB-UA Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Birdsall 3, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Birdsall 3, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
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10
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Nguyen AT, Kouri N, Labuzan SA, Przybelski SA, Lesnick TG, Raghavan S, Reid RI, Reichard RR, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Jack CR, Mielke MM, Dickson DW, Graff-Radford J, Murray ME, Vemuri P. Neuropathologic scales of cerebrovascular disease associated with diffusion changes on MRI. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:1117-1125. [PMID: 35841412 PMCID: PMC9637622 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02465-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Summarizing the multiplicity and heterogeneity of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) features into a single measure has been difficult in both neuropathology and imaging studies. The objective of this work was to evaluate the association between neuroimaging surrogates of CVD and two available neuropathologic CVD scales in those with both antemortem imaging CVD measures and postmortem CVD evaluation. Individuals in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging with MRI scans within 5 years of death (N = 51) were included. Antemortem CVD measures were computed from diffusion MRI (dMRI), FLAIR, and T2* GRE imaging modalities and compared with postmortem neuropathologic findings using Kalaria and Strozyk Scales. Of all the neuroimaging measures, both regional and global dMRI measures were associated with Kalaria and Strozyk Scales (p < 0.05) and modestly correlated with global cognitive performance. The major conclusions from this study were: (i) microstructural white matter injury measurements using dMRI may be meaningful surrogates of neuropathologic CVD scales, because they aid in capturing diffuse (and early) changes to white matter and secondary neurodegeneration due to lesions; (ii) vacuolation in the corpus callosum may be associated with white matter changes measured on antemortem dMRI imaging; (iii) Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change did not associate with neuropathologic CVD scales; and (iv) future work should be focused on developing better quantitative measures utilizing dMRI to optimally assess CVD-related neuropathologic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aivi T Nguyen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Naomi Kouri
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Sydney A Labuzan
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Scott A Przybelski
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Timothy G Lesnick
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sheelakumari Raghavan
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Robert I Reid
- Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R Ross Reichard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Clifford R Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Melissa E Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
| | - Prashanthi Vemuri
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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11
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Ferreira D, Mohanty R, Murray ME, Nordberg A, Kantarci K, Westman E. The hippocampal sparing subtype of Alzheimer's disease assessed in neuropathology and in vivo tau positron emission tomography: a systematic review. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:166. [PMID: 36376963 PMCID: PMC9664780 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01471-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathology and neuroimaging studies have identified several subtypes of Alzheimer's disease (AD): hippocampal sparing AD, typical AD, and limbic predominant AD. An unresolved question is whether hippocampal sparing AD cases can present with neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in association cortices while completely sparing the hippocampus. To address that question, we conducted a systematic review and performed original analyses on tau positron emission tomography (PET) data. We searched EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases until October 2022. We also implemented several methods for AD subtyping on tau PET to identify hippocampal sparing AD cases. Our findings show that seven out of the eight reviewed neuropathologic studies included cases at Braak stages IV or higher and therefore, could not identify hippocampal sparing cases with NFT completely sparing the hippocampus. In contrast, tau PET did identify AD participants with tracer retention in the association cortex while completely sparing the hippocampus. We conclude that tau PET can identify hippocampal sparing AD cases with NFT completely sparing the hippocampus. Based on the accumulating data, we suggest two possible pathways of tau spread: (1) a canonical pathway with early involvement of transentorhinal cortex and subsequent involvement of limbic regions and association cortices, and (2) a less common pathway that affects association cortices with limbic involvement observed at end stages of the disease or not at all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics; Center for Alzheimer Research; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16 (NEO building, floor 7th), 14152, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Rosaleena Mohanty
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics; Center for Alzheimer Research; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16 (NEO building, floor 7th), 14152, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Agneta Nordberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics; Center for Alzheimer Research; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16 (NEO building, floor 7th), 14152, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics; Center for Alzheimer Research; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16 (NEO building, floor 7th), 14152, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Neuroimaging, Center for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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12
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Shao W, Todd TW, Wu Y, Jones CY, Tong J, Jansen-West K, Daughrity LM, Park J, Koike Y, Kurti A, Yue M, Castanedes-Casey M, del Rosso G, Dunmore JA, Alepuz DZ, Oskarsson B, Dickson DW, Cook CN, Prudencio M, Gendron TF, Fryer JD, Zhang YJ, Petrucelli L. Two FTD-ALS genes converge on the endosomal pathway to induce TDP-43 pathology and degeneration. Science 2022; 378:94-99. [PMID: 36201573 PMCID: PMC9942492 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq7860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD-ALS) are associated with both a repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene and mutations in the TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) gene. We found that TBK1 is phosphorylated in response to C9orf72 poly(Gly-Ala) [poly(GA)] aggregation and sequestered into inclusions, which leads to a loss of TBK1 activity and contributes to neurodegeneration. When we reduced TBK1 activity using a TBK1-R228H (Arg228→His) mutation in mice, poly(GA)-induced phenotypes were exacerbated. These phenotypes included an increase in TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology and the accumulation of defective endosomes in poly(GA)-positive neurons. Inhibiting the endosomal pathway induced TDP-43 aggregation, which highlights the importance of this pathway and TBK1 activity in pathogenesis. This interplay between C9orf72, TBK1, and TDP-43 connects three different facets of FTD-ALS into one coherent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shao
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Tiffany W. Todd
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Yanwei Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Caroline Y. Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Jimei Tong
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Karen Jansen-West
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Jinyoung Park
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Yuka Koike
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Aishe Kurti
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Mei Yue
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Giulia del Rosso
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Judith A. Dunmore
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Björn Oskarsson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Casey N. Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Mercedes Prudencio
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Tania F. Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - John D. Fryer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
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13
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Paik H, Lee J, Jeong CS, Park JS, Lee JH, Rappoport N, Kim Y, Sohn HY, Jo C, Kim J, Cho SB. Identification of a pleiotropic effect of ADIPOQ on cardiac dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease based on genetic evidence and health care records. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:389. [PMID: 36114174 PMCID: PMC9481623 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Observations of comorbidity in heart diseases, including cardiac dysfunction (CD) are increasing, including and cognitive impairment, such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia (AD/D). This comorbidity might be due to a pleiotropic effect of genetic variants shared between CD and AD/D. Here, we validated comorbidity of CD and AD/D based on diagnostic records from millions of patients in Korea and the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center (odds ratio 11.5 [8.5-15.5, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)]). By integrating a comprehensive human disease-SNP association database (VARIMED, VARiants Informing MEDicine) and whole-exome sequencing of 50 brains from individuals with and without Alzheimer's disease (AD), we identified missense variants in coding regions including APOB, a known risk factor for CD and AD/D, which potentially have a pleiotropic role in both diseases. Of the identified variants, site-directed mutation of ADIPOQ (268 G > A; Gly90Ser) in neurons produced abnormal aggregation of tau proteins (p = 0.02), suggesting a functional impact for AD/D. The association of CD and ADIPOQ variants was confirmed based on domain deletion in cardiac cells. Using the UK Biobank including data from over 500000 individuals, we examined a pleiotropic effect of the ADIPOQ variant by comparing CD- and AD/D-associated phenotypic evidence, including cardiac hypertrophy and cognitive degeneration. These results indicate that convergence of health care records and genetic evidences may help to dissect the molecular underpinnings of heart disease and associated cognitive impairment, and could potentially serve a prognostic function. Validation of disease-disease associations through health care records and genomic evidence can determine whether health conditions share risk factors based on pleiotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojung Paik
- Division of Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Data and HPC Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Junehawk Lee
- Division of Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Seok Jeong
- Division of Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lee
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nadav Rappoport
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Departement of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, 8410501, Israel
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Division of Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Sohn
- Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulman Jo
- Division of Brain Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Kim
- Division of Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Beom Cho
- Department of Bio-Medical Informatics, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Kuchcinski G, Patin L, Lopes R, Leroy M, Delbeuck X, Rollin-Sillaire A, Lebouvier T, Wang Y, Spincemaille P, Tourdias T, Hacein-Bey L, Devos D, Pasquier F, Leclerc X, Pruvo JP, Verclytte S. Quantitative susceptibility mapping demonstrates different patterns of iron overload in subtypes of early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Eur Radiol 2022; 33:184-195. [PMID: 35881183 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to define brain iron distribution patterns in subtypes of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) by the use of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). METHODS EOAD patients prospectively underwent MRI on a 3-T scanner and concomitant clinical and neuropsychological evaluation, between 2016 and 2019. An age-matched control group was constituted of cognitively healthy participants at risk of developing AD. Volumetry of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex was performed on 3DT1 images. EOAD subtypes were defined according to the hippocampal to cortical volume ratio (HV:CTV). Limbic-predominant atrophy (LPMRI) is referred to HV:CTV ratios below the 25th percentile, hippocampal-sparing (HpSpMRI) above the 75th percentile, and typical-AD between the 25th and 75th percentile. Brain iron was estimated using QSM. QSM analyses were made voxel-wise and in 7 regions of interest within deep gray nuclei and limbic structures. Iron distribution in EOAD subtypes and controls was compared using an ANOVA. RESULTS Sixty-eight EOAD patients and 43 controls were evaluated. QSM values were significantly higher in deep gray nuclei (p < 0.001) and limbic structures (p = 0.04) of EOAD patients compared to controls. Among EOAD subtypes, HpSpMRI had the highest QSM values in deep gray nuclei (p < 0.001) whereas the highest QSM values in limbic structures were observed in LPMRI (p = 0.005). QSM in deep gray nuclei had an AUC = 0.92 in discriminating HpSpMRI and controls. CONCLUSIONS In early-onset Alzheimer's disease patients, we observed significant variations of iron distribution reflecting the pattern of brain atrophy. Iron overload in deep gray nuclei could help to identify patients with atypical presentation of Alzheimer's disease. KEY POINTS • In early-onset AD patients, QSM indicated a significant brain iron overload in comparison with age-matched controls. • Iron load in limbic structures was higher in participants with limbic-predominant subtype. • Iron load in deep nuclei was more important in participants with hippocampal-sparing subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Kuchcinski
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France. .,UMS 2014 - US 41 - PLBS - Plateformes Lilloises en Biologie & Santé, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France. .,Department of Neuroradiology, CHU Lille, Rue Emile Laine, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Lucas Patin
- Department of Neuroradiology, CHU Lille, Rue Emile Laine, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Renaud Lopes
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,UMS 2014 - US 41 - PLBS - Plateformes Lilloises en Biologie & Santé, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Mélanie Leroy
- Memory Center - CNR MAJ, DISTALZ-LICEND, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Xavier Delbeuck
- Memory Center - CNR MAJ, DISTALZ-LICEND, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Adeline Rollin-Sillaire
- Memory Center - CNR MAJ, DISTALZ-LICEND, F-59000, Lille, France.,Department of Neurology, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Thibaud Lebouvier
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,Memory Center - CNR MAJ, DISTALZ-LICEND, F-59000, Lille, France.,Department of Neurology, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Thomas Tourdias
- Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique, CHU de Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,Neurocentre Magendie, Inserm, U1215, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lotfi Hacein-Bey
- Radiology Department, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - David Devos
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,Department of Pharmacology, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,Memory Center - CNR MAJ, DISTALZ-LICEND, F-59000, Lille, France.,Department of Neurology, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Xavier Leclerc
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,UMS 2014 - US 41 - PLBS - Plateformes Lilloises en Biologie & Santé, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, CHU Lille, Rue Emile Laine, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Pruvo
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,UMS 2014 - US 41 - PLBS - Plateformes Lilloises en Biologie & Santé, Univ Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, CHU Lille, Rue Emile Laine, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Verclytte
- Department of Imaging, Lille Catholic Hospitals, Lille Catholic University, F-59000, Lille, France
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15
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Mohanty R, Ferreira D, Frerich S, Muehlboeck JS, Grothe MJ, Westman E. Neuropathologic Features of Antemortem Atrophy-Based Subtypes of Alzheimer Disease. Neurology 2022; 99:e323-e333. [PMID: 35609990 PMCID: PMC9421777 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To investigate whether antemortem MRI-based atrophy subtypes of Alzheimer disease (AD) differ in neuropathologic features and comorbid non-AD pathologies at postmortem. METHODS From the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort, we included individuals with antemortem MRI evaluating brain atrophy within 2 years before death, antemortem diagnosis of AD dementia/mild cognitive impairment, and postmortem-confirmed AD neuropathologic change. Antemortem atrophy subtypes were modeled as continuous phenomena based on a recent conceptual framework: typicality (spanning limbic-predominant AD to hippocampal-sparing AD) and severity (spanning typical AD to minimal atrophy AD). Postmortem neuropathologic evaluation included AD hallmarks, β-amyloid, and tau as well as non-AD pathologies, alpha-synuclein and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). We also investigated the overall concomitance across these pathologies. Partial correlations assessed the associations between antemortem atrophy subtypes and postmortem neuropathologic outcomes. RESULTS In 31 individuals (26 AD dementia/5 mild cognitive impairment, mean age = 80 years, 26% females), antemortem typicality was significantly negatively associated with neuropathologic features, including β-amyloid (rho = -0.39 overall), tau (rho = -0.38 regionally), alpha-synuclein (rho = -0.39 regionally), TDP-43 (rho = -0.49 overall), and concomitance of pathologies (rho = -0.59 regionally). Limbic-predominant AD was associated with higher Thal phase, neuritic plaque density, and presence of TDP-43 compared with hippocampal-sparing AD. Regionally, limbic-predominant AD showed a higher presence of tau and alpha-synuclein pathologies in medial temporal structures, a higher presence of TDP-43, and concomitance of pathologies subcortically/cortically compared with hippocampal-sparing AD. Antemortem severity was significantly negatively associated with concomitance of pathologies (rho = -0.43 regionally), such that typical AD showed higher concomitance of pathologies than minimal atrophy AD. DISCUSSION We provide a direct antemortem-to-postmortem validation, highlighting the importance of understanding atrophy-based heterogeneity in AD relative to AD and non-AD pathologies. We suggest that (1) typicality and severity in atrophy reflect differential aspects of susceptibility of the brain to AD and non-AD pathologies; and (2) limbic-predominant AD and typical AD subtypes share similar biological pathways, making them more vulnerable to AD and non-AD pathologies compared with hippocampal-sparing AD, which may follow a different biological pathway. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of associations of atrophy subtypes in AD with different pathologies, enhancing the prevailing knowledge of biological heterogeneity in AD and could contribute toward tracking disease progression and designing clinical trials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaleena Mohanty
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (R.M., D.F., S.F., J.S.M., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology (D.F.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (E.W.), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, Germany; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento (M.J.G.), Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Clinical Dementia Research Section (M.J.G.), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (R.M., D.F., S.F., J.S.M., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology (D.F.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (E.W.), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, Germany; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento (M.J.G.), Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Clinical Dementia Research Section (M.J.G.), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Simon Frerich
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (R.M., D.F., S.F., J.S.M., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology (D.F.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (E.W.), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, Germany; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento (M.J.G.), Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Clinical Dementia Research Section (M.J.G.), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - J-Sebastian Muehlboeck
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (R.M., D.F., S.F., J.S.M., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology (D.F.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (E.W.), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, Germany; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento (M.J.G.), Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Clinical Dementia Research Section (M.J.G.), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Michel J Grothe
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (R.M., D.F., S.F., J.S.M., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology (D.F.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (E.W.), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, Germany; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento (M.J.G.), Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Clinical Dementia Research Section (M.J.G.), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Eric Westman
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (R.M., D.F., S.F., J.S.M., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology (D.F.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (E.W.), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, Germany; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento (M.J.G.), Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Clinical Dementia Research Section (M.J.G.), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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16
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Eun JD, Jimenez H, Adrien L, Wolin A, Marambaud P, Davies P, Koppel JL. Anesthesia promotes acute expression of genes related to Alzheimer's disease and latent tau aggregation in transgenic mouse models of tauopathy. Mol Med 2022; 28:83. [PMID: 35858831 PMCID: PMC9297560 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to anesthesia in the elderly might increase the risk of dementia. Although the mechanism underlying the association is uncertain, anesthesia has been shown to induce acute tau hyperphosphorylation in preclinical models. We sought to investigate the impact of anesthesia on gene expression and on acute and long-term changes in tau biochemistry in transgenic models of tauopathy in order to better understand how anesthesia influences the pathophysiology of dementia. Methods We exposed mice with over-expressed human mutant tau (P301L and hyperdopaminergic COMTKO/P301L) to two hours of isoflurane and compared anesthetized mice to controls at several time points. We evaluated tau hyperphosphorylation with quantitative high-sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and performed differential expression and functional transcriptome analyses following bulk mRNA-sequencing. Results Anesthesia induced acute hyperphosphorylation of tau at epitopes related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in both P301L-based models. Anesthesia was associated with differential expression of genes in the neurodegenerative pathways (e.g., AD-risk genes ApoE and Trem2) and thermogenesis pathway, which is related to both mammalian hibernation and tau phosphorylation. One and three months after anesthesia, hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates were increased in the anesthetized mice. Conclusions Anesthesia may influence the expression of AD-risk genes and induce biochemical changes in tau that promote aggregation even after single exposure. Further preclinical and human studies are necessary to establish the relevance of our transcriptomic and biochemical findings in these preclinical models to the pathogenesis of dementia following anesthesia. Trial registration: Not applicable. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00506-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- John David Eun
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.,Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, 4th floor, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Heidy Jimenez
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, 4th floor, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Leslie Adrien
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, 4th floor, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Adam Wolin
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, 4th floor, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Philippe Marambaud
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, 4th floor, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Peter Davies
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, 4th floor, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Jeremy L Koppel
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, 4th floor, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA. .,Zucker Hillside Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, NY, USA.
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17
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Vogel JW, Hansson O. Subtypes of Alzheimer's disease: questions, controversy, and meaning. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:342-345. [PMID: 35227519 PMCID: PMC11108088 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of Alzheimer's disease (AD) tau pathology varies systematically and causes a diverse array of syndromes. This forum article provides a brief overview of key controversies in untangling the complexity of AD subtypes, explores potential causes of AD variability in the population, and discusses clinical relevance and future directions of research into AD heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob W Vogel
- Penn/CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
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18
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Del Rosso G, Carlomagno Y, Todd TW, Jones CY, Prudencio M, Daughrity LM, Yue M, Jansen-West K, Tong J, Shao W, Wu Y, Castanedes-Casey M, Tabassian L, Oskarsson B, Ling K, Rigo F, Dickson DW, Yao TP, Petrucelli L, Cook CN, Zhang YJ. HDAC6 Interacts With Poly (GA) and Modulates its Accumulation in c9FTD/ALS. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:809942. [PMID: 35096836 PMCID: PMC8790530 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.809942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant translation of a repeat expansion in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72), the most common cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), results in the accumulation of toxic dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins in the central nervous system We have found that, among the sense DPR proteins, HDAC6 specifically interacts with the poly (GA) and co-localizes with inclusions in both patient tissue and a mouse model of this disease (c9FTD/ALS). Overexpression of HDAC6 increased poly (GA) levels in cultured cells independently of HDAC6 deacetylase activity, suggesting that HDAC6 can modulate poly (GA) pathology through a mechanism that depends upon their physical interaction. Moreover, decreasing HDAC6 expression by stereotaxic injection of antisense oligonucleotides significantly reduced the number of poly (GA) inclusions in c9FTD/ALS mice. These findings suggest that pharmacologically reducing HDAC6 levels could be of therapeutic value in c9FTD/ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Del Rosso
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Yari Carlomagno
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Tiffany W Todd
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Caroline Y Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Mercedes Prudencio
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Mei Yue
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Karen Jansen-West
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Jimei Tong
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Yanwei Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Lilia Tabassian
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Björn Oskarsson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Karen Ling
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, United States
| | - Frank Rigo
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, United States
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Tso-Pang Yao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Casey N Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Yong Jie Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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19
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Jimenez H, Adrien L, Wolin A, Eun J, Chang EH, Burstein ES, Gomar J, Davies P, Koppel J. The impact of pimavanserin on psychotic phenotypes and tau phosphorylation in the P301L/COMT- and rTg(P301L)4510 mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2022; 8:e12247. [PMID: 35128032 PMCID: PMC8804623 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with grave clinical consequences including a precipitous cognitive decline and a hastened demise. These outcomes are aggravated by use of existing antipsychotic medications, which are also associated with cognitive decline and increased mortality; preclinical models that would develop new therapeutic approaches are desperately needed. The current report evaluates the ability of the neoteric antipsychotic, pimavanserin, to normalize hyperkinesis and sensorimotor gating in the novel catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) deleted P301L/COMT- and rTg(P301L)4510 models of psychotic AD, and the impact of pimavanserin on tau pathology. METHODS Female P301L/COMT- mice were behaviorally characterized for abnormalities of locomotion and sensorimotor gating, and biochemically characterized for patterns of tau phosphorylation relative to relevant controls utilizing high-sensitivity tau enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Female P301L/COMT- and rTg(P301L)4510 mice were randomized to pimavanserin or vehicle treatment to study the ability of pimavanserin to normalize locomotion and rescue sensorimotor gating. Additionally, high-sensitivity tau ELISA was used to investigate the impact of treatment on tau phosphorylation. RESULTS P301L/COMT- mice evidenced a hyperlocomotive phenotype and deficits of sensorimotor gating relative to wild-type mice on the same background, and increased tau phosphorylation relative to COMT-competent P301L mice. Pimavanserin normalized the hyperkinetic phenotype in both the P301L/COMT- and rTg(P301L)4510 mice but had no impact on sensorimotor gating in either model. Pimavanserin treatment had little impact on tau phosphorylation patterns. DISCUSSION These data suggest that pimavanserin ameliorates tau-driven excessive locomotion. Given the morbidity associated with aberrant motor behaviors such as pacing in AD and lack of effective treatments, future studies of the impact of pimavanserin on actigraphy in patients with this syndrome may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidy Jimenez
- Northwell HealthThe Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
| | - Leslie Adrien
- Northwell HealthThe Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
| | - Adam Wolin
- Northwell HealthThe Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
| | - John Eun
- Northwell HealthThe Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
| | - Eric H. Chang
- Northwell HealthThe Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Jesus Gomar
- Northwell HealthThe Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
| | - Peter Davies
- Northwell HealthThe Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
| | - Jeremy Koppel
- Northwell HealthThe Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
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20
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Farrell K, Kim S, Han N, Iida MA, Gonzalez EM, Otero-Garcia M, Walker JM, Richardson TE, Renton AE, Andrews SJ, Fulton-Howard B, Humphrey J, Vialle RA, Bowles KR, de Paiva Lopes K, Whitney K, Dangoor DK, Walsh H, Marcora E, Hefti MM, Casella A, Sissoko CT, Kapoor M, Novikova G, Udine E, Wong G, Tang W, Bhangale T, Hunkapiller J, Ayalon G, Graham RR, Cherry JD, Cortes EP, Borukov VY, McKee AC, Stein TD, Vonsattel JP, Teich AF, Gearing M, Glass J, Troncoso JC, Frosch MP, Hyman BT, Dickson DW, Murray ME, Attems J, Flanagan ME, Mao Q, Mesulam MM, Weintraub S, Woltjer RL, Pham T, Kofler J, Schneider JA, Yu L, Purohit DP, Haroutunian V, Hof PR, Gandy S, Sano M, Beach TG, Poon W, Kawas CH, Corrada MM, Rissman RA, Metcalf J, Shuldberg S, Salehi B, Nelson PT, Trojanowski JQ, Lee EB, Wolk DA, McMillan CT, Keene CD, Latimer CS, Montine TJ, Kovacs GG, Lutz MI, Fischer P, Perrin RJ, Cairns NJ, Franklin EE, Cohen HT, Raj T, Cobos I, Frost B, Goate A, White Iii CL, Crary JF. Genome-wide association study and functional validation implicates JADE1 in tauopathy. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 143:33-53. [PMID: 34719765 PMCID: PMC8786260 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) is a neurodegenerative pathology with features distinct from but also overlapping with Alzheimer disease (AD). While both exhibit Alzheimer-type temporal lobe neurofibrillary degeneration alongside amnestic cognitive impairment, PART develops independently of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques. The pathogenesis of PART is not known, but evidence suggests an association with genes that promote tau pathology and others that protect from Aβ toxicity. Here, we performed a genetic association study in an autopsy cohort of individuals with PART (n = 647) using Braak neurofibrillary tangle stage as a quantitative trait. We found some significant associations with candidate loci associated with AD (SLC24A4, MS4A6A, HS3ST1) and progressive supranuclear palsy (MAPT and EIF2AK3). Genome-wide association analysis revealed a novel significant association with a single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 4 (rs56405341) in a locus containing three genes, including JADE1 which was significantly upregulated in tangle-bearing neurons by single-soma RNA-seq. Immunohistochemical studies using antisera targeting JADE1 protein revealed localization within tau aggregates in autopsy brains with four microtubule-binding domain repeats (4R) isoforms and mixed 3R/4R, but not with 3R exclusively. Co-immunoprecipitation in post-mortem human PART brain tissue revealed a specific binding of JADE1 protein to four repeat tau lacking N-terminal inserts (0N4R). Finally, knockdown of the Drosophila JADE1 homolog rhinoceros (rno) enhanced tau-induced toxicity and apoptosis in vivo in a humanized 0N4R mutant tau knock-in model, as quantified by rough eye phenotype and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) in the fly brain. Together, these findings indicate that PART has a genetic architecture that partially overlaps with AD and other tauopathies and suggests a novel role for JADE1 as a modifier of neurofibrillary degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Farrell
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - SoongHo Kim
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalia Han
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan A Iida
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elias M Gonzalez
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, the Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Marcos Otero-Garcia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Neuropathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jamie M Walker
- Department of Pathology and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Timothy E Richardson
- Department of Pathology and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alan E Renton
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shea J Andrews
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian Fulton-Howard
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jack Humphrey
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo A Vialle
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn R Bowles
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katia de Paiva Lopes
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristen Whitney
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana K Dangoor
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hadley Walsh
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edoardo Marcora
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco M Hefti
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alicia Casella
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheick T Sissoko
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manav Kapoor
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gloriia Novikova
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan Udine
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Garrett Wong
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Weijing Tang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Tushar Bhangale
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julie Hunkapiller
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gai Ayalon
- Neumora Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan D Cherry
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), VA Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Etty P Cortes
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valeriy Y Borukov
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), VA Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), VA Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Vonsattel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andy F Teich
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology) and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan Glass
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology) and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- Department of Neurology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Johannes Attems
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Margaret E Flanagan
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M-Marsel Mesulam
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Randy L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Thao Pham
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Departments of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Departments of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dushyant P Purohit
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Department of Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA
| | - Wayne Poon
- Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Claudia H Kawas
- Department of Neurology, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - María M Corrada
- Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences University of California and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jeff Metcalf
- Department of Neurosciences University of California and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Sara Shuldberg
- Department of Neurosciences University of California and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Bahar Salehi
- Department of Neurosciences University of California and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Peter T Nelson
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Corey T McMillan
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of f Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Caitlin S Latimer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of f Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas J Montine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of f Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mirjam I Lutz
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry, Danube Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard J Perrin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Erin E Franklin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Herbert T Cohen
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Towfique Raj
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inma Cobos
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Bess Frost
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, the Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Alison Goate
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles L White Iii
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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21
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Jellinger KA. Recent update on the heterogeneity of the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 129:1-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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22
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Pini L, Wennberg AM, Salvalaggio A, Vallesi A, Pievani M, Corbetta M. Breakdown of specific functional brain networks in clinical variants of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101482. [PMID: 34606986 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by different clinical entities. Although AD phenotypes share a common molecular substrate (i.e., amyloid beta and tau accumulation), several clinicopathological differences exist. Brain functional networks might provide a macro-scale scaffolding to explain this heterogeneity. In this review, we summarize the evidence linking different large-scale functional network abnormalities to distinct AD phenotypes. Specifically, executive deficits in early-onset AD link with the dysfunction of networks that support sustained attention and executive functions. Posterior cortical atrophy relates to the breakdown of visual and dorsal attentional circuits, while the primary progressive aphasia variant of AD may be associated with the dysfunction of the left-lateralized language network. Additionally, network abnormalities might provide in vivo signatures for distinguishing proteinopathies that mimic AD, such as TAR DNA binding protein 43 related pathologies. These network differences vis-a-vis clinical syndromes are more evident in the earliest stage of AD. Finally, we discuss how these findings might pave the way for new tailored interventions targeting the most vulnerable brain circuit at the optimal time window to maximize clinical benefits.
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23
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Leveille E, Ross OA, Gan-Or Z. Tau and MAPT genetics in tauopathies and synucleinopathies. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 90:142-154. [PMID: 34593302 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
MAPT encodes the microtubule-associated protein tau, which is the main component of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and found in other protein aggregates. These aggregates are among the pathological hallmarks of primary tauopathies such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Abnormal tau can also be observed in secondary tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD). On top of pathological findings, genetic data also links MAPT to these disorders. MAPT variations are a cause or risk factors for many tauopathies and synucleinopathies and are associated with certain clinical and pathological features in affected individuals. In addition to clinical, pathological, and genetic overlap, evidence also suggests that tau and alpha-synuclein may interact on the molecular level, and thus might collaborate in the neurodegenerative process. Understanding the role of MAPT variations in tauopathies and synucleinopathies is therefore essential to elucidate the role of tau in the pathogenesis and phenotype of those disorders, and ultimately to develop targeted therapies. In this review, we describe the role of MAPT genetic variations in tauopathies and synucleinopathies, several genotype-phenotype and pathological features, and discuss their implications for the classification and treatment of those disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-hospital), McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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24
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Moloney CM, Lowe VJ, Murray ME. Visualization of neurofibrillary tangle maturity in Alzheimer's disease: A clinicopathologic perspective for biomarker research. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:1554-1574. [PMID: 33797838 PMCID: PMC8478697 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibrillary tangles, one of the neuropathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, have a dynamic lifespan of maturity that associates with progressive neuronal dysfunction and cognitive deficits. As neurofibrillary tangles mature, the biology of the neuron undergoes extensive changes that may impact biomarker recognition and therapeutic targeting. Neurofibrillary tangle maturity encompasses three levels: pretangles, mature tangles, and ghost tangles. In this review, we detail distinct and overlapping characteristics observed in the human brain regarding morphologic changes the neuron undergoes, conversion from intracellular to extracellular space, tau immunostaining patterns, and tau isoform expression changes across the lifespan of the neurofibrillary tangle. Post-translational modifications of tau such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, conformational events, and truncations are discussed to contextualize tau immunostaining patterns. We summarize accumulated and emerging knowledge of neurofibrillary tangle maturity, discuss the current tools used to interpret the dynamic nature in the postmortem brain, and consider implications for cognitive dysfunction and tau biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Val J. Lowe
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
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25
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Rauchmann BS, Ersoezlue E, Stoecklein S, Keeser D, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ertl-Wagner B, Fliessbach K, Haynes JD, Heneka MT, Incesoy EI, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Laske C, Metzger CD, Munk MH, Peters O, Priller J, Ramirez A, Roeske S, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Tscheuschler M, Vukovich R, Wagner M, Wiltfang J, Yakupov R, Duezel E, Jessen F, Perneczky R. Resting-State Network Alterations Differ between Alzheimer's Disease Atrophy Subtypes. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:4901-4915. [PMID: 34080613 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several Alzheimer's disease (AD) atrophy subtypes were identified, but their brain network properties are unclear. We analyzed data from two independent datasets, including 166 participants (103 AD/63 controls) from the DZNE-longitudinal cognitive impairment and dementia study and 151 participants (121 AD/30 controls) from the AD neuroimaging initiative cohorts, aiming to identify differences between AD atrophy subtypes in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging intra-network connectivity (INC) and global and nodal network properties. Using a data-driven clustering approach, we identified four AD atrophy subtypes with differences in functional connectivity, accompanied by clinical and biomarker alterations, including a medio-temporal-predominant (S-MT), a limbic-predominant (S-L), a diffuse (S-D), and a mild-atrophy (S-MA) subtype. S-MT and S-D showed INC reduction in the default mode, dorsal attention, visual and limbic network, and a pronounced reduction of "global efficiency" and decrease of the "clustering coefficient" in parietal and temporal lobes. Despite severe atrophy in limbic areas, the S-L exhibited only marginal global network but substantial nodal network failure. S-MA, in contrast, showed limited impairment in clinical and cognitive scores but pronounced global network failure. Our results contribute toward a better understanding of heterogeneity in AD with the detection of distinct differences in functional connectivity networks accompanied by CSF biomarker and cognitive differences in AD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU, Munich 81377, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Ersin Ersoezlue
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Sophia Stoecklein
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Daniel Keeser
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU, Munich 81377, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich 81377, Germany.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurology and Psychiatry, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU, Munich 81377, Germany.,Department of Medical Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1W7, Canada
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité, Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin 10117, Germany.,Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock 18147, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock 18147
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen 72076, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Coraline D Metzger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen 72076, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin 10117, Germany.,Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin 10117, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin 10117, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock 18147, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock 18147
| | - Maike Tscheuschler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne 50924, Germany
| | - Ruth Vukovich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Emrah Duezel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne 50924, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Munich 80336, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich 81377, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich 81377, Germany.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W6 8RP, UK
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26
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Jellinger KA. Pathobiological Subtypes of Alzheimer Disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2021; 49:321-333. [PMID: 33429401 DOI: 10.1159/000508625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a heterogenous disorder with various pathobiological subtypes. In addition to the 4 major subtypes based on the distribution of tau pathology and brain atrophy (typical, limbic predominant, hippocampal sparing, and minimal atrophy [MA]), several other clinical variants showing distinct regional patterns of tau burden have been identified: nonamnestic, corticobasal syndromal, primary progressive aphasia, posterior cortical atrophy, behavioral/dysexecutive, and mild dementia variants. Among the subtypes, differences were found in age at onset, sex distribution, cognitive status, disease duration, APOE genotype, and biomarker levels. The patterns of key network destructions parallel the tau and atrophy patterns of the AD subgroups essentially. Interruption of key networks, in particular the default-mode network that is responsible for cognitive decline, is consistent in hetero-genous AD groups. AD pathology is often associated with co-pathologies: cerebrovascular lesions, Lewy pathology, and TDP-43 proteinopathies. These mixed pathologies essentially influence the clinical picture of AD and may accel-erate disease progression. Unraveling the heterogeneity among the AD spectrum entities is important for opening a window to pathogenic mechanisms affecting the brain and enabling precision medicine approaches as a basis for developing preventive and ultimately successful disease-modifying therapies for AD.
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27
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Crist AM, Hinkle KM, Wang X, Moloney CM, Matchett BJ, Labuzan SA, Frankenhauser I, Azu NO, Liesinger AM, Lesser ER, Serie DJ, Quicksall ZS, Patel TA, Carnwath TP, DeTure M, Tang X, Petersen RC, Duara R, Graff-Radford NR, Allen M, Carrasquillo MM, Li H, Ross OA, Ertekin-Taner N, Dickson DW, Asmann YW, Carter RE, Murray ME. Transcriptomic analysis to identify genes associated with selective hippocampal vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2311. [PMID: 33875655 PMCID: PMC8055900 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective vulnerability of different brain regions is seen in many neurodegenerative disorders. The hippocampus and cortex are selectively vulnerable in Alzheimer's disease (AD), however the degree of involvement of the different brain regions differs among patients. We classified corticolimbic patterns of neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem tissue to capture extreme and representative phenotypes. We combined bulk RNA sequencing with digital pathology to examine hippocampal vulnerability in AD. We identified hippocampal gene expression changes associated with hippocampal vulnerability and used machine learning to identify genes that were associated with AD neuropathology, including SERPINA5, RYBP, SLC38A2, FEM1B, and PYDC1. Further histologic and biochemical analyses suggested SERPINA5 expression is associated with tau expression in the brain. Our study highlights the importance of embracing heterogeneity of the human brain in disease to identify disease-relevant gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Crist
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Kelly M Hinkle
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Frankenhauser
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Paracelsus Medical Private University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nkem O Azu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth R Lesser
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel J Serie
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Tulsi A Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Troy P Carnwath
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Xiaojia Tang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | | | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Hu Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Yan W Asmann
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Rickey E Carter
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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28
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Josephs KA, Martin PR, Weigand SD, Tosakulwong N, Buciuc M, Murray ME, Petrucelli L, Senjem ML, Spychalla AJ, Knopman DS, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Parisi JE, Dickson DW, Jack CR, Whitwell JL. Protein contributions to brain atrophy acceleration in Alzheimer's disease and primary age-related tauopathy. Brain 2021; 143:3463-3476. [PMID: 33150361 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the presence of amyloid-β and tau deposition in the brain, hippocampal atrophy and increased rates of hippocampal atrophy over time. Another protein, TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) has been identified in up to 75% of cases of Alzheimer's disease. TDP-43, tau and amyloid-β have all been linked to hippocampal atrophy. TDP-43 and tau have also been linked to hippocampal atrophy in cases of primary age-related tauopathy, a pathological entity with features that strongly overlap with those of Alzheimer's disease. At present, it is unclear whether and how TDP-43 and tau are associated with early or late hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer's disease and primary age-related tauopathy, whether either protein is also associated with faster rates of atrophy of other brain regions and whether there is evidence for protein-associated acceleration/deceleration of atrophy rates. We therefore aimed to model how these proteins, particularly TDP-43, influence non-linear trajectories of hippocampal and neocortical atrophy in Alzheimer's disease and primary age-related tauopathy. In this longitudinal retrospective study, 557 autopsied cases with Alzheimer's disease neuropathological changes with 1638 ante-mortem volumetric head MRI scans spanning 1.0-16.8 years of disease duration prior to death were analysed. TDP-43 and Braak neurofibrillary tangle pathological staging schemes were constructed, and hippocampal and neocortical (inferior temporal and middle frontal) brain volumes determined using longitudinal FreeSurfer. Bayesian bivariate-outcome hierarchical models were utilized to estimate associations between proteins and volume, early rate of atrophy and acceleration in atrophy rates across brain regions. High TDP-43 stage was associated with smaller cross-sectional brain volumes, faster rates of brain atrophy and acceleration of atrophy rates, more than a decade prior to death, with deceleration occurring closer to death. Stronger associations were observed with hippocampus compared to temporal and frontal neocortex. Conversely, low TDP-43 stage was associated with slower early rates but later acceleration. This later acceleration was associated with high Braak neurofibrillary tangle stage. Somewhat similar, but less striking, findings were observed between TDP-43 and neocortical rates. Braak stage appeared to have stronger associations with neocortex compared to TDP-43. The association between TDP-43 and brain atrophy occurred slightly later in time (∼3 years) in cases of primary age-related tauopathy compared to Alzheimer's disease. The results suggest that TDP-43 and tau have different contributions to acceleration and deceleration of brain atrophy rates over time in both Alzheimer's disease and primary age-related tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Josephs
- Department of Neurology (Behavioral Neurology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter R Martin
- Department of Health Science Research (Biostatistics), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stephen D Weigand
- Department of Health Science Research (Biostatistics), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nirubol Tosakulwong
- Department of Health Science Research (Biostatistics), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marina Buciuc
- Department of Neurology (Behavioral Neurology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Melissa E Murray
- Department of Neuroscience (Neuropathology), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience (Molecular Neuroscience), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew L Senjem
- Department of Radiology (Radiology Research) Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Anthony J Spychalla
- Department of Radiology (Radiology Research) Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David S Knopman
- Department of Neurology (Behavioral Neurology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- Department of Neurology (Behavioral Neurology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- Department of Neurology (Behavioral Neurology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Neuropathology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience (Neuropathology), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Clifford R Jack
- Department of Radiology (Radiology Research) Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer L Whitwell
- Department of Radiology (Radiology Research) Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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29
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Jiang H, Zheng Y, Ni J, Xu Y. BAY 73-6691 Alters Neuron Plasticity and Phosphorylation of Tau Through Regulation of Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate/Protein Kinase G/Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Response Element-Binding Protein Pathway. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by cognitive and memory decline, accompanying with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) made of hyperphosphorylated tau protein and senile plaques (SP) accumulated by β-amyloid protein (Aβ).
BAY 73-6691, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-9 (PDE-9), can improve learning and memory of elderly rats. However, the effects of BAY 73-6691 on neuroapoptotic and neuroinflammatory events, as well as synaptic plasticity of differentiated PC12 cells are remain unclear. In this work, we screened
apoptotic cells induced by Aβ25-35 via flow cytometry. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 secreted by PC12 cells were estimated by ELISA kits. The levels of cGMP, PKG and CREB mediated by BAY 73-6691 were assessed. Moreover, we conducted western blots analysis
to evaluate the phosphorylation of tau and synaptic related proteins. Results showed that BAY 73-6691 could reduce Aβ25-35-triggered neuroapoptosis and neuroinflammation. Phosphorylation of tau was inhibited by BAY 73-6691, whereas sildenafil citrate (SC, an inhibitor
of cGMP) partially weakened the effect of BAY 73-6691. Additionally, synaptic plasticity restored by BAY 73-6691 was also suppressed via SC. Taken together, BAY 73-6691 exhibited neuro protective effects, and altered tau phosphorylation as well as synaptic related proteins through cGMP/PKG/CREB
pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ni
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
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30
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Villemagne VL, Barkhof F, Garibotto V, Landau SM, Nordberg A, van Berckel BNM. Molecular Imaging Approaches in Dementia. Radiology 2021; 298:517-530. [PMID: 33464184 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020200028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of dementia worldwide places a high demand on healthcare providers to perform a diagnostic work-up in relatively early stages of the disease, given that the pathologic process usually begins decades before symptoms are evident. Structural imaging is recommended to rule out other disorders and can only provide diagnosis in a late stage with limited specificity. Where PET imaging previously focused on the spatial pattern of hypometabolism, the past decade has seen the development of novel tracers to demonstrate characteristic protein abnormalities. Molecular imaging using PET/SPECT is able to show amyloid and tau deposition in Alzheimer disease and dopamine depletion in parkinsonian disorders starting decades before symptom onset. Novel tracers for neuroinflammation and synaptic density are being developed to further unravel the molecular pathologic characteristics of dementia disorders. In this article, the authors review the current status of established and emerging PET tracers in a diagnostic setting and also their value as prognostic markers in research studies and outcome measures for clinical trials in Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Villemagne
- From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (V.L.V.); Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (V.L.V.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B., B.N.M.v.B.); UCL institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, England (F.B.); Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals and Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland (V.G.); Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.); and Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.)
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (V.L.V.); Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (V.L.V.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B., B.N.M.v.B.); UCL institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, England (F.B.); Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals and Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland (V.G.); Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.); and Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.)
| | - Valentina Garibotto
- From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (V.L.V.); Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (V.L.V.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B., B.N.M.v.B.); UCL institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, England (F.B.); Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals and Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland (V.G.); Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.); and Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.)
| | - Susan M Landau
- From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (V.L.V.); Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (V.L.V.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B., B.N.M.v.B.); UCL institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, England (F.B.); Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals and Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland (V.G.); Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.); and Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.)
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (V.L.V.); Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (V.L.V.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B., B.N.M.v.B.); UCL institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, England (F.B.); Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals and Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland (V.G.); Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.); and Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.)
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (V.L.V.); Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (V.L.V.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B., B.N.M.v.B.); UCL institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, England (F.B.); Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals and Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland (V.G.); Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.); and Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.)
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31
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Wojtas AM, Carlomagno Y, Sens JP, Kang SS, Jensen TD, Kurti A, Baker KE, Berry TJ, Phillips VR, Castanedes MC, Awan A, DeTure M, De Castro CHF, Librero AL, Yue M, Daughrity L, Jansen-West KR, Cook CN, Dickson DW, Petrucelli L, Fryer JD. Clusterin ameliorates tau pathology in vivo by inhibiting fibril formation. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:210. [PMID: 33261653 PMCID: PMC7708249 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-01079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular chaperone Clusterin (CLU) impacts the amyloid pathway in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but its role in tau pathology is unknown. We observed CLU co-localization with tau aggregates in AD and primary tauopathies and CLU levels were upregulated in response to tau accumulation. To further elucidate the effect of CLU on tau pathology, we utilized a gene delivery approach in CLU knock-out (CLU KO) mice to drive expression of tau bearing the P301L mutation. We found that loss of CLU was associated with exacerbated tau pathology and anxiety-like behaviors in our mouse model of tauopathy. Additionally, we found that CLU dramatically inhibited tau fibrilization using an in vitro assay. Together, these results demonstrate that CLU plays a major role in both amyloid and tau pathologies in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Wojtas
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Collaborative Research Building CR03-010 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Yari Carlomagno
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Jonathon P Sens
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Collaborative Research Building CR03-010 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Silvia S Kang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Tanner D Jensen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Collaborative Research Building CR03-010 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Aishe Kurti
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Collaborative Research Building CR03-010 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Kelsey E Baker
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Collaborative Research Building CR03-010 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Taylor J Berry
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Collaborative Research Building CR03-010 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | | | | | - Ayesha Awan
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Collaborative Research Building CR03-010 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Ariston L Librero
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Mei Yue
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Lillian Daughrity
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Casey N Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - John D Fryer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Collaborative Research Building CR03-010 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
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32
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Hanna Al-Shaikh FS, Duara R, Crook JE, Lesser ER, Schaeverbeke J, Hinkle KM, Ross OA, Ertekin-Taner N, Pedraza O, Dickson DW, Graff-Radford NR, Murray ME. Selective Vulnerability of the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert Among Neuropathologic Subtypes of Alzheimer Disease. JAMA Neurol 2020; 77:225-233. [PMID: 31657834 PMCID: PMC6820048 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.3606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Importance Corticolimbic patterns of neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) accumulation define neuropathologic subtypes of Alzheimer disease (AD), which underlie the clinical heterogeneity observed antemortem. The cholinergic system, which is the target of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor therapy, is selectively vulnerable in AD. Objective To investigate the major source of cholinergic innervation, the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM), in order to determine whether there is differential involvement of NFT accumulation or neuronal loss among AD subtypes. Design, Setting, and Participants In this cross-sectional study, retrospective abstraction of clinical records and quantitative assessment of NFTs and neuron counts in the nbM was completed in January 2019 at the Mayo Clinic using the Florida Autopsied Multi-Ethnic (FLAME) cohort, which had been accessioned from 1991 until 2015. The FLAME cohort is derived from the deeded autopsy program funded throughout the State of Florida's memory disorder clinic referral services. Of the 2809 consecutively accessioned FLAME cohort, 1464 were identified as neuropathologically diagnosed AD cases and nondemented normal controls available for clinicopathologic assessment. Quantification of NFTs and neuronal density in the anterior nbM was performed blinded to neuropathologic groupings. Main Outcomes and Measures Demographic and clinical characteristics, including cognitive decline measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination score (range, 0-30), were evaluated. The anterior nbM was investigated quantitatively for neuronal loss and NFT accumulation. Results In total, 1361 AD subtypes and 103 nondemented controls were assessed. The median (interquartile range) age at death was 72 (66-80) years in hippocampal sparing (HpSp) AD, 81 (76-86) years in typical AD, and 86 (82-90) years in limbic predominant AD. The median (interquartile range) count per 0.125 mm2 of thioflavin S-positive NFTs was highest in the nbM of HpSp AD (14 [9-20]; n = 163), lower in typical AD (10 [5-16]; n = 937), and lowest in limbic predominant AD (8 [5-11], n = 163) (P < .001). The median (interquartile range) neuronal density per millimeters squared was lowest in HpSp AD cases (22 [17-28]; n = 148), higher in typical AD (25 [19-30]; n = 727), and highest in limbic predominant AD (26 [19-32]; n = 127) (P = .002). Multivariable regression modeling of clinical and demographic variables was performed to assess overlap in NFT accumulation and neuronal density differences among AD subtypes. Higher NFT accumulation in the nbM was associated with younger age at onset for HpSp AD (β, -1.5; 95% CI, -2.9 to -0.15; P = .03) and typical AD (β, -3.2; 95% CI, -3.9 to -2.4; P < .001). In addition, higher NFT accumulation in the nbM of typical AD cases was associated with female sex (β, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.4-3.5; P < .001), apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (β, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.15-2.5; P = .03), and lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores (β, -1.8; 95% CI, -3.2 to -0.31; P = .02). Demographic and clinical progression variables were not associated with NFT accumulation in the nbM of limbic predominant AD cases. Conclusions and Relevance These data provide supportive evidence that NFT accumulation in the nbM may underlie more widespread and severe cholinergic deficits in young-onset AD, in particular in patients with HpSp AD. Moreover, these findings underscore the importance of considering age at onset, sex, and apolipoprotein E genotype when assessing outcomes in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida
| | - Julia E Crook
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Elizabeth R Lesser
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - Kelly M Hinkle
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Nilufer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Otto Pedraza
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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Charil A, Shcherbinin S, Southekal S, Devous MD, Mintun M, Murray ME, Miller BB, Schwarz AJ. Tau Subtypes of Alzheimer's Disease Determined in vivo Using Flortaucipir PET Imaging. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 71:1037-1048. [PMID: 31476153 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
At autopsy, individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit heterogeneity in the distribution of neurofibrillary tangles in neocortical and hippocampal regions. Subtypes of AD, defined using an algorithm based on the relative number of tangle counts in these regions, have been proposed-hippocampal sparing (relative sparing of the hippocampus but high cortical load), limbic predominant (high hippocampal load but lower load in association cortices), and typical (balanced neurofibrillary tangles counts in the hippocampus and association cortices) AD-and shown to be associated with distinct antemortem clinical phenotypes. The ability to distinguish these AD subtypes from the more typical tau signature in vivo could have important implications for clinical research. Flortaucipir positron emission tomography (PET) images acquired from 45 amyloid-positive participants, defined clinically as mild cognitive impairment or AD, aged 50-92 years, 56% female, and estimated to be Braak V-VI based on their PET pattern of tau pathology, were studied. By translating the neuropathologic algorithm to flortaucipir PET scans, patterns of tau pathology consistent with autopsy findings, and with a similar prevalence, were identified in vivo. 6/45 (13%) participants were identified as hippocampal sparing and 6/45 (13%) as limbic predominant AD subtypes. Hippocampal sparing participants were significantly younger than those assigned to the other two subtypes. Worse performance on delayed recall was associated with increased hippocampal tau signal, and worse performance on the trail making test B-A was associated with lower values of the hippocampus to cortex ratio. Prospective studies can further validate the flortaucipir SUVR cut-points and the phenotype of the corresponding AD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mark Mintun
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Adam J Schwarz
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Abstract
With age, the presence of multiple neuropathologies in a single individual becomes increasingly common. Given that traumatic brain injury and the repetitive head impacts (RHIs) that occur in contact sports have been associated with the development of many neurodegenerative diseases, including chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, it is becoming critical to understand the relationship and interactions between these pathologies. In fact, comorbid pathology is common in CTE and likely influenced by both age and the severity and type of exposure to RHI as well as underlying genetic predisposition. Here, we review the major comorbid pathologies seen with CTE and in former contact sports athletes and discuss what is known about the associations between RHI, age, and the development of neuropathologies. In addition, we examine the distinction between CTE and age-related pathology including primary age-related tauopathy and age-related tau astrogliopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thor D. Stein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,Departments of Research and Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, Massachusetts
| | - John F. Crary
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research Core, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
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Jellinger KA. Neuropathological assessment of the Alzheimer spectrum. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:1229-1256. [PMID: 32740684 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02232-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD), the most common form of dementia globally, classically defined a clinicopathological entity, is a heterogenous disorder with various pathobiological subtypes, currently referred to as Alzheimer continuum. Its morphological hallmarks are extracellular parenchymal β-amyloid (amyloid plaques) and intraneuronal (tau aggregates forming neurofibrillary tangles) lesions accompanied by synaptic loss and vascular amyloid deposits, that are essential for the pathological diagnosis of AD. In addition to "classical" AD, several subtypes with characteristic regional patterns of tau pathology have been described that show distinct clinical features, differences in age, sex distribution, biomarker levels, and patterns of key network destructions responsible for cognitive decline. AD is a mixed proteinopathy (amyloid and tau), frequently associated with other age-related co-pathologies, such as cerebrovascular lesions, Lewy and TDP-43 pathologies, hippocampal sclerosis, or argyrophilic grain disease. These and other co-pathologies essentially influence the clinical picture of AD and may accelerate disease progression. The purpose of this review is to provide a critical overview of AD pathology, its defining pathological substrates, and the heterogeneity among the Alzheimer spectrum entities that may provide a broader diagnostic coverage of this devastating disorder as a basis for implementing precision medicine approaches and for ultimate development of successful disease-modifying drugs for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Jellinger
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Alberichgasse 5/13, 1150, Vienna, Austria.
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Hickman RA, Flowers XE, Wisniewski T. Primary Age-Related Tauopathy (PART): Addressing the Spectrum of Neuronal Tauopathic Changes in the Aging Brain. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2020; 20:39. [PMID: 32666342 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-020-01063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) was recently proposed as a pathologic diagnosis for brains that harbor neurofibrillary tangles (Braak stage ≤ 4) with little, if any, amyloid burden. We sought to review the clinicopathologic findings related to PART. RECENT FINDINGS Most adult human brains show at least focal tauopathic changes, and the majority of individuals with PART do not progress to dementia. Older age and cognitive impairment correlate with increased Braak stage, and multivariate analyses suggest that the rate of cognitive decline is less than matched patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). It remains unclear whether PART is a distinct tauopathic entity separate from AD or rather represents an earlier histologic stage of AD. Cognitive decline in PART is usually milder than AD and correlates with tauopathic burden. Biomarker and ligand-based radiologic studies will be important to define PART antemortem and prospectively follow its natural history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Hickman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, PH 15-124, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Xena E Flowers
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, PH 15-124, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Psychiatry, Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, Science Building, Rm 1017, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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Lin AL, Parikh I, Yanckello LM, White RS, Hartz AMS, Taylor CE, McCulloch SD, Thalman SW, Xia M, McCarty K, Ubele M, Head E, Hyder F, Sanganahalli BG. APOE genotype-dependent pharmacogenetic responses to rapamycin for preventing Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 139:104834. [PMID: 32173556 PMCID: PMC7486698 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ε4 allele of Apolipoprotein (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. Cognitively normal APOE4 carriers have developed amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and cerebrovascular, metabolic and structural deficits decades before showing the cognitive impairment. Interventions that can inhibit Aβ retention and restore the brain functions to normal would be critical to prevent AD for the asymptomatic APOE4 carriers. A major goal of the study was to identify the potential usefulness of rapamycin (Rapa), a pharmacological intervention for extending longevity, for preventing AD in the mice that express human APOE4 gene and overexpress Aβ (the E4FAD mice). Another goal of the study was to identify the potential pharmacogenetic differences in response to rapamycin between the E4FAD and E3FAD mice, the mice with human APOE ε3 allele. We used multi-modal MRI to measure in vivo cerebral blood flow (CBF), neurotransmitter levels, white matter integrity, water content, cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and somatosensory response; used behavioral assessments to determine cognitive function; used biochemistry assays to determine Aβ retention and blood-brain barrier (BBB) functions; and used metabolomics to identify brain metabolic changes. We found that in the E4FAD mice, rapamycin normalized bodyweight, restored CBF (especially in female), BBB activity for Aβ transport, neurotransmitter levels, neuronal integrity and free fatty acid level, and reduced Aβ retention, which were not observe in the E3FAD-Rapa mice. In contrast, E3FAD-Rapa mice had lower CVR responses, lower anxiety and reduced glycolysis in the brain, which were not seen in the E4FAD-Rapa mice. Further, rapamycin appeared to normalize lipid-associated metabolism in the E4FAD mice, while slowed overall glucose-associated metabolism in the E3FAD mice. Finally, rapamycin enhanced overall water content, water diffusion in white matter, and spatial memory in both E3FAD and E4FAD mice, but did not impact the somatosensory responses under hindpaw stimulation. Our findings indicated that rapamycin was able to restore brain functions and reduce AD risk for young, asymptomatic E4FAD mice, and there were pharmacogenetic differences between the E3FAD and E4FAD mice. As the multi-modal MRI methods used in the study are readily to be used in humans and rapamycin is FDA-approved, our results may pave a way for future clinical testing of the pharmacogenetic responses in humans with different APOE alleles, and potentially using rapamycin to prevent AD for asymptomatic APOE4 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ling Lin
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; F. Joseph Halcomb III, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America.
| | - Ishita Parikh
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Lucille M Yanckello
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Renee S White
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Georgetown College, Georgetown, KY, United States of America
| | - Anika M S Hartz
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Chase E Taylor
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | | | - Scott W Thalman
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; F. Joseph Halcomb III, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Mengfan Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Katie McCarty
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Margo Ubele
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America; University of California Irvine Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Fahmeed Hyder
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance Core Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Basavaraju G Sanganahalli
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance Core Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
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Ferreira D, Nordberg A, Westman E. Biological subtypes of Alzheimer disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology 2020; 94:436-448. [PMID: 32047067 PMCID: PMC7238917 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that distinct subtypes of Alzheimer disease (AD) exist and underlie the heterogeneity within AD, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on AD subtype studies based on postmortem and neuroimaging data. METHODS EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were consulted until July 2019. RESULTS Neuropathology and neuroimaging studies have consistently identified 3 subtypes of AD based on the distribution of tau-related pathology and regional brain atrophy: typical, limbic-predominant, and hippocampal-sparing AD. A fourth subtype, minimal atrophy AD, has been identified in several neuroimaging studies. Typical AD displays tau-related pathology and atrophy both in hippocampus and association cortex and has a pooled frequency of 55%. Limbic-predominant, hippocampal-sparing, and minimal atrophy AD had a pooled frequency of 21%, 17%, and 15%, respectively. Between-subtype differences were found in age at onset, age at assessment, sex distribution, years of education, global cognitive status, disease duration, APOE ε4 genotype, and CSF biomarker levels. CONCLUSION We identified 2 core dimensions of heterogeneity: typicality and severity. We propose that these 2 dimensions determine individuals' belonging to one of the AD subtypes based on the combination of protective factors, risk factors, and concomitant non-AD brain pathologies. This model is envisioned to aid with framing hypotheses, study design, interpretation of results, and understanding mechanisms in future subtype studies. Our model can be used along the A/T/N classification scheme for AD biomarkers. Unraveling the heterogeneity within AD is critical for implementing precision medicine approaches and for ultimately developing successful disease-modifying drugs for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ferreira
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (D.F., A.N., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Theme Aging (A.N.), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (D.F., A.N., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Theme Aging (A.N.), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Westman
- From the Division of Clinical Geriatrics (D.F., A.N., E.W.), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Theme Aging (A.N.), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden; and Department of Neuroimaging (E.W.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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39
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Alzheimer's disease clinical variants show distinct regional patterns of neurofibrillary tangle accumulation. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 138:597-612. [PMID: 31250152 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The clinical spectrum of Alzheimer's disease (AD) extends well beyond the classic amnestic-predominant syndrome. The previous studies have suggested differential neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) burden between amnestic and logopenic primary progressive aphasia presentations of AD. In this study, we explored the regional distribution of NFT pathology and its relationship to AD presentation across five different clinical syndromes. We assessed NFT density throughout six selected neocortical and hippocampal regions using thioflavin-S fluorescent microscopy in a well-characterized clinicopathological cohort of pure AD cases enriched for atypical clinical presentations. Subjects underwent apolipoprotein E genotyping and neuropsychological testing. Main cognitive domains (executive, visuospatial, language, and memory function) were assessed using an established composite z score. Our results showed that NFT regional burden aligns with the clinical presentation and region-specific cognitive scores. Cortical, but not hippocampal, NFT burden was higher among atypical clinical variants relative to the amnestic syndrome. In analyses of specific clinical variants, logopenic primary progressive aphasia showed higher NFT density in the superior temporal gyrus (p = 0.0091), and corticobasal syndrome showed higher NFT density in the primary motor cortex (p = 0.0205) relative to the amnestic syndrome. Higher NFT burden in the angular gyrus and CA1 sector of the hippocampus were independently associated with worsening visuospatial dysfunction. In addition, unbiased hierarchical clustering based on regional NFT densities identified three groups characterized by a low overall NFT burden, high overall burden, and cortical-predominant burden, respectively, which were found to differ in sex ratio, age, disease duration, and clinical presentation. In comparison, the typical, hippocampal sparing, and limbic-predominant subtypes derived from a previously proposed algorithm did not reproduce the same degree of clinical relevance in this sample. Overall, our results suggest domain-specific functional consequences of regional NFT accumulation. Mapping these consequences presents an opportunity to increase understanding of the neuropathological framework underlying atypical clinical manifestations.
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40
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Ofori E, DeKosky ST, Febo M, Colon-Perez L, Chakrabarty P, Duara R, Adjouadi M, Golde TE, Vaillancourt DE. Free-water imaging of the hippocampus is a sensitive marker of Alzheimer's disease. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 24:101985. [PMID: 31470214 PMCID: PMC6722298 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Validating sensitive markers of hippocampal degeneration is fundamental for understanding neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that free-water in the hippocampus will be more sensitive to early stages of cognitive decline than hippocampal volume, and that free-water in hippocampus will increase across distinct clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease. We examined two separate cohorts (N = 126; N = 112) of cognitively normal controls, early and late mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease. Demographic, clinical, diffusion-weighted and T1-weighted imaging, and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging were assessed. Results indicated elevated hippocampal free-water in early MCI individuals compared to controls across both cohorts. In contrast, there was no difference in volume of these regions between controls and early MCI. ADNI free-water values in the hippocampus was associated with low CSF AB1–42 levels and high global amyloid PET values. Free-water imaging of the hippocampus can serve as an early stage marker for AD and provides a complementary measure of AD neurodegeneration using non-invasive imaging. Free-water imaging is a useful technique for detecting neurodegeneration Increased free-water in the left hippocampus for early MCI compared with cognitive normal controls across multiple sites We propose that changes in free-water may indicate hippocampal degeneration in AD
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Ofori
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America; College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States of America.
| | - Steven T DeKosky
- Department of Neurology, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Luis Colon-Perez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wein Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, United States of America
| | - Malek Adjouadi
- Center for Advanced Technology and Education, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, United States of America
| | - Todd E Golde
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America
| | - David E Vaillancourt
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville FL-32611, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL-32611, United States of America
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Jeon S, Kang JM, Seo S, Jeong HJ, Funck T, Lee SY, Park KH, Lee YB, Yeon BK, Ido T, Okamura N, Evans AC, Na DL, Noh Y. Topographical Heterogeneity of Alzheimer's Disease Based on MR Imaging, Tau PET, and Amyloid PET. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:211. [PMID: 31481888 PMCID: PMC6710378 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients are known to have heterogeneous clinical presentation and pathologic patterns. We hypothesize that AD dementia can be categorized into subtypes based on multimodal imaging biomarkers such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tau positron emission tomography (PET), and amyloid PET. We collected 3T MRI, 18F-THK5351 PET, and 18F-flutemetamol (FLUTE) PET data from 83 patients with AD dementia [Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) ≤1] and 60 normal controls (NC), and applied surface-based analyses to measure cortical thickness, THK5351 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) and FLUTE SUVR for each participant. For the patient group, we performed an agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis using the three multimodal imaging features on the vertices (n = 3 × 79,950). The identified AD subtypes were compared to NC using general linear models adjusting for age, sex, and years of education. We mapped the effect size within significant cortical regions reaching a corrected p-vertex <0.05 (random field theory). Our surface-based multimodal framework has revealed three distinct subtypes among AD patients: medial temporal-dominant subtype (MT, n = 44), parietal-dominant subtype (P, n = 19), and diffuse atrophy subtype (D, n = 20). The topography of cortical atrophy and THK5351 retention differentiates between the three subtypes. In the case of FLUTE, three subtypes did not show distinct topographical differences, although cortical composite retention was significantly higher in the P type than in the MT type. These three subtypes also differed in demographic and clinical features. In conclusion, AD patients may be clustered into three subtypes with distinct topographical features of cortical atrophy and tau deposition, although amyloid deposition may not differ across the subtypes in terms of topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seun Jeon
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seongho Seo
- Department of Neuroscience, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jeong
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Thomas Funck
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Bae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Tatsuo Ido
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Nobuyuki Okamura
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Alan C Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
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42
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Binnekade TT, Perez RS, Maier AB, Rhodius-Meester HF, Legdeur N, Trappenburg MC, Rhebergen D, Lobbezoo F, Scherder EJ. White matter hyperintensities are related to pain intensity in an outpatient memory clinic population: preliminary findings. J Pain Res 2019; 12:1621-1629. [PMID: 31190972 PMCID: PMC6535491 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s158488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between pain and dementia is complicated and may depend on underlying brain pathology. It was hypothesized that both medial temporal atrophy (MTA) and global cortical atrophy (GCA) predicted no/mild pain, while white matter hyperintensities (WMH) predicted moderate/severe pain. Objectives: To study the association between pain intensity and measures of brain pathology, more specifically MTA, GCA, and WMH. Methods: In total, 115 consecutive patients visiting an outpatient memory clinic were included. In total, diagnoses included dementia (N=70), mild cognitive impairment (N=30), and subjective cognitive impairment (N=15). Without administering stimuli, pain intensity was assessed with the Brief Pain Inventory. MTA, GCA, and WMH were measured with a MRI visual rating scale. Logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between WMH, MTA, GCA, and self-reported pain intensity (no/mild pain versus moderate/severe pain) were adjusted for confounders. Results: Mean age of the patients was 81 years (IQR: 78–85, 53% female). Moderate/severe pain was reported by 23.5% and associated with greater WMH (OR =3.34, 95% CI =1.01–10.97, p=0.047), but not MTA or GCA. Conclusions: In contrast to the present results, earlier studies have reported either a positive or negative relationship between pain and brain volume. It is suggested that the presence of dementia may explain the absence of a relationship between pain and brain volume. WMH is positively related with pain in an older memory outpatient population. Considering the small sample size, our findings should be interpreted with caution. Hence, our conclusions are preliminary findings, warranting future replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik T Binnekade
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Sgm Perez
- Department of Anesthesiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hanneke Fm Rhodius-Meester
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Legdeur
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marijke C Trappenburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Amstelland Hospital, Amstelveen, The Netherlands
| | - Didi Rhebergen
- Department of Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Mental Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Ja Scherder
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Tauopathy in basal ganglia involvement is exacerbated in a subset of patients with Alzheimer's disease: The Hisayama study. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING 2019; 11:415-423. [PMID: 31206007 PMCID: PMC6558096 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction We have conducted the pathological cohort study of autopsied cases of Hisayama residents to reveal a recent trend of dementia-related pathology. We noticed a trend of putaminal involvement of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with parkinsonism. Then, we investigated the accurate prevalence of neurological diseases with putaminal AD pathology in the general population. Methods We examined a series of 291 autopsies in the Hisayama study and performed image analysis of immunohistochemistry for microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) and amyloid β. Results Approximately 65.6% and 36.1% of cases showed putaminal MAPT and amyloid deposits, respectively. Diffuse deposits of them were mainly found in the AD cases. Putaminal MAPT was highly associated with AD-related pathological criteria. Four of 22 cases with severe putaminal MAPT deposition were documented as having developed parkinsonism. Discussion Severe MAPT accumulation in the basal ganglia was closely related to the development of AD pathology and could occur most frequently in AD cases without comorbidities.
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Lowe VJ, Lundt ES, Albertson SM, Przybelski SA, Senjem ML, Parisi JE, Kantarci K, Boeve B, Jones DT, Knopman D, Jack CR, Dickson DW, Petersen RC, Murray ME. Neuroimaging correlates with neuropathologic schemes in neurodegenerative disease. Alzheimers Dement 2019; 15:927-939. [PMID: 31175025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroimaging biomarkers are important for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, and comparing multimodality neuroimaging to autopsy data is essential. METHODS We compared the pathologic findings from a prospective autopsy cohort (n = 100) to Pittsburgh compound B PET (PiB-PET), 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET (FDG-PET), and MRI. Correlations between neuroimaging biomarkers and neuropathologic schemes were assessed. RESULTS PiB-PET showed strong correlations with Thal amyloid phase and Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease score and categorized 44% of Thal phase 1 participants as positive. FDG-PET and MRI correlated modestly with Braak tangle stage in Alzheimer's type pathology. A subset of participants with "none" or "sparse" neuritic plaque scores had elevated PiB-PET signal due to diffuse amyloid plaque. Participants with findings characterized as "suspected non-Alzheimer's pathophysiology" represented 15% of the group. DISCUSSION PiB-PET is associated with Alzheimer's disease, neuritic plaques, and diffuse plaques. FDG-PET and MRI have modest correlation with neuropathologic schemes. Participants with findings characterized as suspected non-Alzheimer's pathophysiology most commonly had primary age-related tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Emily S Lundt
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew L Senjem
- Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bradley Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David T Jones
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David Knopman
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Zhu K, Wang X, Sun B, Wu J, Lu H, Zhang X, Liang H, Zhang D, Liu C. Primary Age-Related Tauopathy in Human Subcortical Nuclei. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:529. [PMID: 31191227 PMCID: PMC6549797 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the spatial distribution patterns of hyperphosphorylated tau-immunoreactive cells in subcortical nuclei of post-mortem human brain with primary age-related tauopathy (PART). Subcortical tauopathy has important pathological and clinical implications. Expression of tau was examined in different subcortical regions of definite PART cases with a Braak neurofibrillary tangle stage >0 and ≤IV, and with a Thal phase 0 (no beta-amyloid present). Post-mortem brain tissue of PART was studied using immunohistochemistry and subsequent semi-quantitative assessment with Braak NFT stage -matched pre-Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD cases as a control. Expression of tau was frequently found in subcortical nuclei including the substantia nigra, inferior colliculus, locus coeruleus, medulla oblongata in the brainstem, the caudate, putamen, nucleus globus pallidus in the striatum, the hypothalamus, thalamus, subthalamus in the diencephalon, and the cervical spinal cord in both PART and AD, but not in the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum. A positive correlation was found between the Braak NFT stage and the tau distribution (qualitative)/tau density (quantitative) in PART and AD. Brainstem nuclei were commonly involved in early PART with NFT Braak stage I/II, there was no preference among the substantia nigra, inferior colliculus, locus caeruleus and medulla oblongata. The prevalence and severity of tau pathology in subcortical nuclei of PART and AD were positively correlated with NFT Braak stage, suggesting that these nuclei were increasingly involved as PART and AD progressed. Subcortical nuclei were likely the sites initially affected by aging associated tau pathology, especially the brainstem nuclei including the substantia nigra, inferior colliculus, locus caeruleus and medulla oblongata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqing Zhu
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Sun
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juanli Wu
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lu
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Brain Structure and Function, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong Liu
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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46
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Kim D, Kim HS, Choi SM, Kim BC, Lee MC, Lee KH, Lee JH. Primary Age-Related Tauopathy: An Elderly Brain Pathology Frequently Encountered during Autopsy. J Pathol Transl Med 2019; 53:159-163. [PMID: 30887795 PMCID: PMC6527938 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2019.03.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the progressive aging of Korean society and the introduction of brain banks to the Korean medical system, the possibility that pathologists will have access to healthy elderly brains has increased. The histopathological analysis of an elderly brain from a subject with relatively well-preserved cognition is quite different from that of a brain from a demented subject. Additionally, the histology of elderly brains differs from that of young brains. This brief review discusses primary age-related tauopathy; this term was coined to describe elderly brains with Alzheimer’s diseasetype neurofibrillary tangles mainly confined to medial temporal structures, and no β-amyloid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daru Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Kim
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Seong-Min Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
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47
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Carlomagno Y, Chung DEC, Yue M, Kurti A, Avendano NM, Castanedes-Casey M, Hinkle KM, Jansen-West K, Daughrity LM, Tong J, Phillips V, Rademakers R, DeTure M, Fryer JD, Dickson DW, Petrucelli L, Cook C. Enhanced phosphorylation of T153 in soluble tau is a defining biochemical feature of the A152T tau risk variant. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:10. [PMID: 30674342 PMCID: PMC6345061 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic mutations in the tau gene (microtubule associated protein tau, MAPT) are linked to the onset of tauopathy, but the A152T variant is unique in acting as a risk factor for a range of disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). In order to provide insight into the mechanism by which A152T modulates disease risk, we developed a novel mouse model utilizing somatic brain transgenesis with adeno-associated virus (AAV) to drive tau expression in vivo, and validated the model by confirming the distinct biochemical features of A152T tau in postmortem brain tissue from human carriers. Specifically, TauA152T-AAV mice exhibited increased tau phosphorylation that unlike animals expressing the pathogenic P301L mutation remained localized to the soluble fraction. To investigate the possibility that the A152T variant might alter the phosphorylation state of tau on T152 or the neighboring T153 residue, we generated a novel antibody that revealed significant accumulation of soluble tau species that were hyperphosphorylated on T153 (pT153) in TauA152T-AAV mice, which were absent the soluble fraction of TauP301L-AAV mice. Providing new insight into the role of A152T in modifying risk of tauopathy, as well as validating the TauA152T-AAV model, we demonstrate that the presence of soluble pT153-positive tau species in human postmortem brain tissue differentiates A152T carriers from noncarriers, independent of disease classification. These results implicate both phosphorylation of T153 and an altered solubility profile in the mechanism by which A152T modulates disease risk.
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Koppel J, Jimenez H, Adrien L, Chang EH, Malhotra AK, Davies P. Increased tau phosphorylation follows impeded dopamine clearance in a P301L and novel P301L/COMT-deleted (DM) tau mouse model. J Neurochem 2019; 148:127-135. [PMID: 30238463 PMCID: PMC6758923 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease, the phosphorylation of tau is a critical event preceding the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Previous work exploring the impact of a dopamine blocking antipsychotic on tau phosphorylation in a tau transgenic model suggested that extracellular dopamine may play a regulatory role in the phosphorylation state of tau. In order to test this hypothesis, and in order to develop a mouse model of impaired dopamine metabolism and tauopathy, an extant P301L transgenic tau model of Alzheimer's disease and a novel P301L/catechol-O-methyltransferase deleted model (DM mouse) were treated with the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine, and prefrontal dopamine concentrations and the phosphorylated state of tau was quantified. In two experiments, male and female P301L+/+//COMT+/+ and P301L+/+//COMT-/- (DM) mice were treated with reboxetine 20 mg/kg IP. In one experiment, acutely following reboxetine injection, the prefrontal cortex of mice were microdialyzed for dopamine, and its metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid, utilizing the MetaQuant technique. In another experiment, acutely following reboxetine injections, tau phosphorylation was quantified in the frontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus of the mice. Reboxetine injections were followed by significant increases from baseline in extracellular dopamine concentrations in P301L and DM mice, with significantly higher peak levels in the DM mice. Treatment was also followed by increases in tau phosphorylation spread throughout brain regions, with a larger impact on female mice. Extracellular dopamine concentrations exert an influence on the phosphorylation state of tau, with surges in dopamine associating with acute increases in tau phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Koppel
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, New York, USA
| | - Heidy Jimenez
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Leslie Adrien
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Eric H. Chang
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Anil K. Malhotra
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, New York, USA
| | - Peter Davies
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
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49
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Giraldo DL, García-Arteaga JD, Cárdenas-Robledo S, Romero E. Characterization of brain anatomical patterns by comparing region intensity distributions: Applications to the description of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00942. [PMID: 29670824 PMCID: PMC5893348 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This work presents an automatic characterization of the Alzheimer's disease describing the illness as a multidirectional departure from a baseline defining the control state, being these directions determined by a distance between functional-equivalent anatomical regions. METHODS After a brain parcellation, a region is described by its histogram of gray levels, and the Earth mover's distance establishes how close or far these regions are. The medoid of the control group is set as the reference and any brain is characterized by its set of distances to this medoid. EVALUATION This hypothesis was assessed by separating groups of patients with mild Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment from control subjects, using a subset of the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) database. An additional experiment evaluated the method generalization and consisted in training with the OASIS data and testing with the Minimal Interval Resonance Imaging in Alzheimer's disease (MIRIAD) database. RESULTS Classification between controls and patients with AD resulted in an equal error rate of 0.1 (90% of sensitivity and specificity at the same time). The automatic ranking of regions resulting is in strong agreement with those regions described as important in clinical practice. Classification with different databases results in a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 91%. CONCLUSIONS This method automatically finds out a multidimensional expression of the AD, which is directly related to the anatomical changes in specific areas such as the hippocampus, the amygdala, the planum temporale, and thalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana L Giraldo
- Computer Imaging and Medical Applications Laboratory - CIM@LAB Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia
| | - Juan D García-Arteaga
- Computer Imaging and Medical Applications Laboratory - CIM@LAB Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia
| | | | - Eduardo Romero
- Computer Imaging and Medical Applications Laboratory - CIM@LAB Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia
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50
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Dronse J, Fliessbach K, Bischof GN, von Reutern B, Faber J, Hammes J, Kuhnert G, Neumaier B, Onur OA, Kukolja J, van Eimeren T, Jessen F, Fink GR, Klockgether T, Drzezga A. In vivo Patterns of Tau Pathology, Amyloid-β Burden, and Neuronal Dysfunction in Clinical Variants of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 55:465-471. [PMID: 27802224 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The clinical heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease is not reflected in the rather diffuse cortical deposition of amyloid-β. We assessed the relationship between clinical symptoms, in vivo tau pathology, amyloid distribution, and hypometabolism in variants of Alzheimer's disease using novel multimodal PET imaging techniques. Tau pathology was primarily observed in brain regions related to clinical symptoms and overlapped with areas of hypometabolism. In contrast, amyloid-β deposition was diffusely distributed over the entire cortex. Tau PET imaging may thus serve as a valuable biomarker for the localization of neuronal injury in vivo and may help to validate atypical subtypes of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Dronse
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Gérard N Bischof
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Multimodal Neuroimaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Boris von Reutern
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Faber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Hammes
- Multimodal Neuroimaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Georg Kuhnert
- Multimodal Neuroimaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd Neumaier
- Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oezguer A Onur
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Juraj Kukolja
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thilo van Eimeren
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Multimodal Neuroimaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Klockgether
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Multimodal Neuroimaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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