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Matsuyama K, Takai S, Shigemura N, Nakatomi M, Kawamoto T, Kataoka S, Toyono T, Seta Y. Ascl1-expressing cell differentiation in initially developed taste buds and taste organoids. Cell Tissue Res 2023:10.1007/s00441-023-03756-8. [PMID: 36781481 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian taste bud cells are composed of several distinct cell types and differentiated from surrounding tongue epithelial cells. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying their differentiation have yet to be elucidated. In the present study, we examined an Ascl1-expressing cell lineage using circumvallate papillae (CVP) of newborn mice and taste organoids (three-dimensional self-organized tissue cultures), which allow studying the differentiation of taste bud cells in fine detail ex vivo. Using lineage-tracing analysis, we observed that Ascl1 lineage cells expressed type II and III taste cell markers both CVP of newborn mice and taste organoids. However, the coexpression rate in type II cells was lower than that in type III cells. Furthermore, we found that the generation of the cells which express type II and III cell markers was suppressed in taste organoids lacking Ascl1-expressing cells. These findings suggest that Ascl1-expressing precursor cells can differentiate into both type III and a subset of type II taste cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kae Matsuyama
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Shingo Takai
- Section of Oral Neuroscience, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Noriatsu Shigemura
- Section of Oral Neuroscience, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Devices, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Mitsushiro Nakatomi
- Department of Human, Information and Life Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kawamoto
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Shinji Kataoka
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyono
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Yuji Seta
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
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Nishida K, Bansho S, Ikukawa A, Kubota T, Ohishi A, Nagasawa K. Expression profile of the zinc transporter ZnT3 in taste cells of rat circumvallate papillae and its role in zinc release, a potential mechanism for taste stimulation. Eur J Histochem 2022; 66. [DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element, and its deficiency causes taste dysfunction. Zinc accumulates in zinc transporter (ZnT)3-expressing presynaptic vesicles in hippocampal neurons and acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. However, the distribution of zinc and its role as a signal transmitter in taste buds remain unknown. Therefore, we examined the distribution of zinc and expression profiles of ZnT3 in taste cells and evaluated zinc release from isolated taste cells upon taste stimuli. Taste cells with a spindle or pyriform morphology were revealed by staining with the fluorescent zinc dye ZnAF-2DA and autometallography in the taste buds of rat circumvallate papillae. Znt3 mRNA levels were detected in isolated taste buds. ZnT3-immunoreactivity was found in phospholipase-β2-immunopositive type II taste cells and aromatic amino acid decarboxylase-immunopositive type III cells but not in nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2-immunopositive type I cells. Moreover, we examined zinc release from taste cells using human transient receptor potential A1-overexpressing HEK293 as zinc-sensor cells. These cells exhibited a clear response to isolated taste cells exposed to taste stimuli. However, pretreatment with magnesium-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, an extracellular zinc chelator - but not with zinc-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, used as a negative control - significantly decreased the response ratio of zinc-sensor cells. These findings suggest that taste cells release zinc to the intercellular area in response to taste stimuli and that zinc may affect signaling within taste buds.
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Hsu CC, Seta Y, Matsuyama K, Kataoka S, Nakatomi M, Toyono T, Gunjigake KK, Kuroishi KN, Kawamoto T. Mash1-expressing cells may be relevant to type III cells and a subset of PLCβ2-positive cell differentiation in adult mouse taste buds. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 383:667-675. [PMID: 32960355 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian taste bud cells have a limited lifespan and differentiate into type I, II, and III cells from basal cells (type IV cells) (postmitotic precursor cells). However, little is known regarding the cell lineage within taste buds. In this study, we investigated the cell fate of Mash1-positive precursor cells utilizing the Cre-loxP system to explore the differentiation of taste bud cells. We found that Mash1-expressing cells in Ascl1CreERT2::CAG-floxed tdTomato mice differentiated into taste bud cells that expressed aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4) (type III cell markers), but did not differentiate into most of gustducin (type II cell marker)-positive cells. Additionally, we found that Mash1-expressing cells could differentiate into phospholipase C β2 (PLCβ2)-positive cells, which have a shorter lifespan compared with AADC- and CA4-positive cells. These results suggest that Mash1-positive precursor cells could differentiate into type III cells, but not into most of type II cells, in the taste buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chien Hsu
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan.,Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Yuji Seta
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Kae Matsuyama
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Shinji Kataoka
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Mitsushiro Nakatomi
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyono
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kaori K Gunjigake
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kayoko N Kuroishi
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kawamoto
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
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Pan HR, Tian M, Xue JB, Li SM, Luo XC, Huang X, Chen ZH, Huang L. Mammalian Taste Bud Cells Utilize Extragemmal 5-Hydroxy-L-Tryptophan to Biosynthesize the Neurotransmitter Serotonin. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:461. [PMID: 30534058 PMCID: PMC6275321 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter that is found in mammalian taste buds and can regulate the output of intragemmal signaling networks onto afferent nerve fibers. However, it is unclear how 5-HT is produced, synthesized locally inside taste buds or absorbed from outside sources. In this study, we attempt to address this question by delineating the process of possible 5-HT biosynthesis within taste buds. First, we verified that the rate-limiting enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH2) responsible for converting L-tryptophan into the intermediate 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP) is expressed in a subset of type II taste bud cells (TBCs) whereas the enzyme aromatic L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) capable of converting 5-HTP into 5-HT is found in type III TBCs. And abolishment of TPH2 did not affect the production of intragemmal 5-HT or alter TBCs; the mutant mice did not show any changes in behavioral responses to all five primary taste qualities: sweet, umami, bitter, salty, and sour. Then we identified that 5-HTP as well as AADC are abundant in type III TBCs; and application of an AADC inhibitor significantly blocked the production of 5-HT in taste buds. In contrast, administration of an inhibitor on serotonin-reuptake transporters had minimal impact on the 5-HT amount in taste buds, indicating that exogenous 5-HT is not a major source for the intragemmal transmitter. Taken together, our data indicate that intragemmal serotonin is not biosynthesized de novo from tryptophan; instead, it is produced by AADC-mediated conversion of 5-HTP absorbed from the plasma and/or nerve fibers into 5-HT. Thus, our results suggest that the overall bodily 5-HTP level in the plasma and nervous system can regulate taste buds' physiological function, and provide an important molecular mechanism connecting these peripheral taste organs with the circulatory and nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ru Pan
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Tian
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Bo Xue
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song-Min Li
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Luo
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Huang Chen
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liquan Huang
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Matsuyama K, Seta Y, Kataoka S, Nakatomi M, Toyono T, Kawamoto T. Expression of N-cadherin and cell surface molecules in the taste buds of mouse circumvallate papillae. J Oral Biosci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Lossow K, Hermans-Borgmeyer I, Behrens M, Meyerhof W. Genetic Labeling of Car4-expressing Cells Reveals Subpopulations of Type III Taste Cells. Chem Senses 2017; 42:747-758. [PMID: 29099943 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjx048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases form an enzyme family of 16 members, which reversibly catalyze the hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons. In lung, kidney, and brain, presence of carbonic anhydrases is associated with protons and bicarbonate transport in capillary endothelium of lung, reabsorption of bicarbonate in proximal renal tubules, and extracellular buffering. In contrast, their role in taste is less clear. Recently, carbonic anhydrase IV expression was detected in sour-sensing presynaptic taste cells and was associated with the taste of carbonation, yet the precise role and cell population remained uncertain. To examine the role of carbonic anhydrase 4-expressing cells in taste reception, we generated a mouse strain carrying a modified allele of the carbonic anhydrase 4 gene in which the coding region of the red fluorescent protein monomeric Cherry is attached to that of carbonic anhydrase 4 via an internal ribosome entry site. Monomeric Cherry fluorescence was detected in lingual papillae as well as taste buds of soft palate and naso-incisor duct. However, expression patterns on the tongue differ between posterior and fungiform papillae. Whereas monomeric Cherry auto-fluorescence was almost always co-localized with presynaptic cell markers aromatic L-amino-acid decarboxylase, synaptosomal-associated protein 25 or glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 in fungiform papillae and taste buds of palate and naso-incisor duct, monomeric Cherry-positive cells in posterior tongue papillae represent only a subpopulation of presynaptic cells. We conclude that this model is well suited for detailed investigation into the role of carbonic anhydrase in gustation and other processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lossow
- Molecular Genetics, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Irm Hermans-Borgmeyer
- Transgenic Animal Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (ZMNH), Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maik Behrens
- Molecular Genetics, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Meyerhof
- Molecular Genetics, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
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Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Taste Signaling and Modifying. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 323:71-106. [PMID: 26944619 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The sense of taste conveys crucial information about the quality and nutritional value of foods before it is ingested. Taste signaling begins with taste cells via taste receptors in oral cavity. Activation of these receptors drives the transduction systems in taste receptor cells. Then particular transmitters are released from the taste cells and activate corresponding afferent gustatory nerve fibers. Recent studies have revealed that taste sensitivities are defined by distinct taste receptors and modulated by endogenous humoral factors in a specific group of taste cells. Such peripheral taste generations and modifications would directly influence intake of nutritive substances. This review will highlight current understanding of molecular mechanisms for taste reception, signal transduction in taste bud cells, transmission between taste cells and nerves, regeneration from taste stem cells, and modification by humoral factors at peripheral taste organs.
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8
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Kotani T, Toyono T, Seta Y, Kitou A, Kataoka S, Toyoshima K. Expression of synaptogyrin-1 in T1R2-expressing type II taste cells and type III taste cells of rat circumvallate taste buds. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 353:391-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Iwasaki SI, Aoyagi H, Asami T, Wanichanon C, Jackowiak H. Patterns of immunoreactivity specific for gustducin and for NCAM differ in developing rat circumvallate papillae and their taste buds. Acta Histochem 2012; 114:259-69. [PMID: 21703667 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
α-Gustducin and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) are molecules previously found to be expressed in different cell types of mammalian taste buds. We examined the expression of α-gustducin and NCAM during the morphogenesis of circumvallate papillae and the formation of their taste buds by immunofluorescence staining and laser-scanning microscopy of semi-ultrathin sections of fetal and juvenile rat tongues. Images obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy in transmission mode were also examined to provide outlines of histology and cell morphology. Morphogenesis of circumvallate papillae had already started on embryonic day 13 (E13) and was evident as the formation of placode. By contrast, taste buds in the circumvallate papillae started to appear between postnatal day 0 (P0) and P7. Although no cells with immunoreactivity specific for α-gustducin were detected in fetuses from E13 to E19, cells with NCAM-specific immunoreactivity were clearly apparent in the entire epithelium of the circumvallate papillary placode, the rudiment of each circumvallate papilla and the developing circumvallate papilla itself from E13 to E19. However, postnatally, both α-gustducin and NCAM became concentrated within taste cells as the formation of taste buds advanced. After P14, neither NCAM nor α-gustducin was detectable in the epithelium around the taste buds. In conclusion, α-gustducin appeared in the cytoplasm of taste cells during their formation after birth, while NCAM appeared in the epithelium of the circumvallate papilla-forming area. However, these two markers of taste cells were similarly distributed within mature taste cells.
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10
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Sohn WJ, Gwon GJ, An CH, Moon C, Bae YC, Yamamoto H, Lee S, Kim JY. Morphological evidences in circumvallate papilla and von Ebners' gland development in mice. Anat Cell Biol 2011; 44:274-83. [PMID: 22254156 PMCID: PMC3254881 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2011.44.4.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In rodents, the circumvallate papilla (CVP), with its underlying minor salivary gland, the von Ebners' gland (VEG), is located on the dorsal surface of the posterior tongue. Detailed morphological processes to form the proper structure of CVP and VEG have not been properly elucidated. In particular, the specific localization patterns of taste buds in CVP and the branching formation of VEG have not yet been elucidated. To understand the developmental mechanisms underlying CVP and VEG formation, detailed histological observations of CVP and VEG were examined using a three-dimensional computer-aided reconstruction method with serial histological sections and pan-Cytokeratins immunostainings. In addition, to define the developmental processes in CVP and VEG formation, we examined nerve innervations and cell proliferation using microinjections of AM1-43 and immunostainings with various markers, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Ki-67, PGP9.5, and Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA1). Results revealed specific morphogenesis of CVP and VEG with nerve innervations patterns, evaluated by the coincided localization patterns of AM1-43 and UEA1. Based on these morphological and immunohistochemical results, we suggest that nerve innervations and cell proliferations play important roles in the positioning of taste buds in CVP and branching morphogenesis of VEG in tongue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wern-Joo Sohn
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Institute for Hard Tissue and Bio-tooth Regeneration, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Iguchi N, Ohkuri T, Slack JP, Zhong P, Huang L. Sarco/Endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases (SERCA) contribute to GPCR-mediated taste perception. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23165. [PMID: 21829714 PMCID: PMC3149081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The sense of taste is important for providing animals with valuable information about the qualities of food, such as nutritional or harmful nature. Mammals, including humans, can recognize at least five primary taste qualities: sweet, umami (savory), bitter, sour, and salty. Recent studies have identified molecules and mechanisms underlying the initial steps of tastant-triggered molecular events in taste bud cells, particularly the requirement of increased cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)) for normal taste signal transduction and transmission. Little, however, is known about the mechanisms controlling the removal of elevated [Ca(2+)](c) from the cytosol of taste receptor cells (TRCs) and how the disruption of these mechanisms affects taste perception. To investigate the molecular mechanism of Ca(2+) clearance in TRCs, we sought the molecules involved in [Ca(2+)](c) regulation using a single-taste-cell transcriptome approach. We found that Serca3, a member of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) family that sequesters cytosolic Ca(2+) into endoplasmic reticulum, is exclusively expressed in sweet/umami/bitter TRCs, which rely on intracellular Ca(2+) release for signaling. Serca3-knockout (KO) mice displayed significantly increased aversive behavioral responses and greater gustatory nerve responses to bitter taste substances but not to sweet or umami taste substances. Further studies showed that Serca2 was mainly expressed in the T1R3-expressing sweet and umami TRCs, suggesting that the loss of function of Serca3 was possibly compensated by Serca2 in these TRCs in the mutant mice. Our data demonstrate that the SERCA family members play an important role in the Ca(2+) clearance in TRCs and that mutation of these proteins may alter bitter and perhaps sweet and umami taste perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Iguchi
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tadahiro Ohkuri
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jay P. Slack
- Givaudan Flavors Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ping Zhong
- Givaudan Flavors Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Liquan Huang
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Seta Y, Oda M, Kataoka S, Toyono T, Toyoshima K. Mash1 is required for the differentiation of AADC-positive type III cells in mouse taste buds. Dev Dyn 2011; 240:775-84. [PMID: 21322090 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mash1 is expressed in subsets of neuronal precursors in both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. However, involvement of Mash1 in taste cell differentiation has not previously been demonstrated. In this study, we investigated the role of Mash1 in regulating taste bud differentiation using Mash1 KO mice to begin to understand the mechanisms that regulate taste bud cell differentiation. We found that aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) cells were not evident in either the circumvallate papilla epithelia or in taste buds in the soft palates of Mash1 KO mice. However gustducin was expressed in taste buds in the soft palates of Mash1 KO mice. These results suggest that Mash1 plays an important role in regulating the expression of AADC in type III cells in taste buds, which supports the hypothesis that different taste bud cell types have progenitor cells that are specific to each cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Seta
- Division of Oral Histology and Neurobiology, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan.
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13
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Zhang Y, Kolli T, Hivley R, Jaber L, Zhao FI, Yan J, Herness S. Characterization of the expression pattern of adrenergic receptors in rat taste buds. Neuroscience 2010; 169:1421-37. [PMID: 20478367 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Taste buds signal the presence of chemical stimuli in the oral cavity to the central nervous system using both early transduction mechanisms, which allow single cells to be depolarized via receptor-mediated signaling pathways, and late transduction mechanisms, which involve extensive cell-to-cell communication among the cells in the bud. The latter mechanisms, which involve a large number of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, are less well understood. Among neurotransmitters, multiple lines of evidence suggest that norepinephrine plays a yet unknown role in the taste bud. This study investigated the expression pattern of adrenergic receptors in the rat posterior taste bud. Expression of alpha1A, alpha1B, alpha1D, alpha2A, alpha2B, alpha2C, beta1, and the beta2 adrenoceptor subtypes was observed in taste buds using RT-PCR and immunocytochemical techniques. Taste buds also expressed the biosynthetic enzyme for norepinephrine, dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DbetaH), as well as the norepinephrine transporter. Further, expression of the epinephrine synthetic enzyme, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), was observed suggesting a possible role for this transmitter in the bud. Phenotyping adrenoceptor expression patterns with double labeling experiments to gustducin, synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25), and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) suggests they are prominently expressed in subsets of cells known to express taste receptor molecules but segregated from cells known to have synapses with the afferent nerve fiber. Alpha and beta adrenoceptors co-express with one another in unique patterns as observed with immunocytochemistry and single cell reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These data suggest that single cells express multiple adrenergic receptors and that adrenergic signaling may be particularly important in bitter, sweet, and umami taste qualities. In summary, adrenergic signaling in the taste bud occurs through complex pathways that include presynaptic and postsynaptic receptors and likely play modulatory roles in processing of gustatory information similar to other peripheral sensory systems such as the retina, cochlea, and olfactory bulb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, PR China
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El-Yassimi A, Hichami A, Besnard P, Khan NA. Linoleic Acid Induces Calcium Signaling, Src Kinase Phosphorylation, and Neurotransmitter Release in Mouse CD36-positive Gustatory Cells. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:12949-59. [DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m707478200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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15
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Abstract
The progress in discerning the structure and function of cells and tissues in health and disease has been achieved to a large extent by the continued development of new reagents for histochemistry, the improvement of existing techniques and new imaging techniques. This review will highlight some advancements made in these fields.
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Dvoryanchikov G, Tomchik SM, Chaudhari N. Biogenic amine synthesis and uptake in rodent taste buds. J Comp Neurol 2007; 505:302-13. [PMID: 17879273 DOI: 10.1002/cne.21494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is known to be an afferent transmitter in the peripheral taste system, serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) have also been proposed as candidate neurotransmitters and have been detected immunocytochemically in mammalian taste cells. To understand the significance of biogenic amines in taste, we evaluated the ability of taste cells to synthesize, transport, and package 5-HT and NE. We show by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence microscopy that the enzymes for 5-HT synthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) are expressed in taste cells. In contrast, enzymes necessary for NE synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) are absent. Both TH and DBH are expressed in nerve fibers that penetrate taste buds. Taste buds also robustly express plasma membrane transporters for 5-HT and NE. Within the taste bud NET, a specific NE transporter, is expressed in some presynaptic (type III) and some glial-like (type I) cells but not in receptor (type II) cells. By using enzyme immunoassay, we show uptake of NE, probably through NET in taste epithelium. Proteins involved in inactivating and packaging NE, including catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A), vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT1,2) and chromogranin A (ChrgA), are also expressed in taste buds. Within the taste bud, ChrgA is found only in presynaptic cells and may account for dense-cored vesicles previously seen in some taste cells. In summary, we postulate that aminergic presynaptic taste cells synthesize only 5-HT, whereas NE (perhaps secreted by sympathetic fibers) may be concentrated and repackaged for secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady Dvoryanchikov
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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