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Khoso MA, Zhang H, Khoso MH, Poudel TR, Wagan S, Papiashvili T, Saha S, Ali A, Murtaza G, Manghwar H, Liu F. Synergism of vesicle trafficking and cytoskeleton during regulation of plant growth and development: A mechanistic outlook. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21976. [PMID: 38034654 PMCID: PMC10682163 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is a fundamental component found in all eukaryotic organisms, serving as a critical factor in various essential cyto-biological mechanisms, particularly in the locomotion and morphological transformations of plant cells. The cytoskeleton is comprised of three main components: microtubules (MT), microfilaments (MF), and intermediate filaments (IF). The cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in the process of cell wall formation and remodeling throughout the growth and development of cells. It is a highly organized and regulated network composed of filamentous components. In the basic processes of intracellular transport, such as mitosis, cytokinesis, and cell polarity, the plant cytoskeleton plays a crucial role according to recent studies. The major flaws in the organization of the cytoskeletal framework are at the root of the aberrant organogenesis currently observed in plant mutants. The regulation of protein compartmentalization and abundance within cells is predominantly governed by the process of vesicle/membrane transport, which plays a crucial role in several signaling cascades.The regulation of membrane transport in eukaryotic cells is governed by a diverse array of proteins. Recent developments in genomics have provided new tools to study the evolutionary relationships between membrane proteins in different plant species. It is known that members of the GTPases, COP, SNAREs, Rabs, tethering factors, and PIN families play essential roles in vesicle transport between plant, animal, and microbial species. This Review presents the latest research on the plant cytoskeleton, focusing on recent developments related to the cytoskeleton and summarizing the role of various proteins in vesicle transport. In addition, the report predicts future research direction of plant cytoskeleton and vesicle trafficking, potential research priorities, and provides researchers with specific pointers to further investigate the significant link between cytoskeleton and vesicle trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneer Ahmed Khoso
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Department of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Department of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mir Hassan Khoso
- Department of Biochemistry, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana, Pakistan
| | - Tika Ram Poudel
- Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sindho Wagan
- Laboratory of Pest Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Department of Forest Protection Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tamar Papiashvili
- School of Economics and Management Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sudipta Saha
- School of Forestry, Department of Silviculture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Abid Ali
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Department of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University China, China
| | - Hakim Manghwar
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
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Kong J, Yin K, Zhang C, Liu X, Yang N. PLDδ, auxin, and H 2O 2 mediated the allelopathic effect of cycloastragenol on root growth in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 282:153929. [PMID: 36724592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cycloastragenol (CAG) is a tetra-cyclic triterpenoid allelochemical. It has been widely studied in animals but rarely in plants. Here, we reported that a model allelochemical CAG inhibited primary root elongation of Arabidopsis by reducing the sizes of both the meristem and elongation zones. Phospholipase Dδ(PLDδ), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and auxin affected this process. After treatment with CAG, the expression of PLDδ and the activity of the Phospholipase D(PLD) enzyme increased in WT. Mutants analysis demonstrated that PLDδ negatively regulated the primary root elongation by CAG treatment. CAG treatment stimulated the accumulation of H2O2 in roots. The production of H2O2 was derived from cell wall peroxidase. Mutants analysis showed that PLDδ positively regulated the production of H2O2 by CAG treatment. CAG also decreased auxin content in the root tip by affecting the expression of auxin synthesis-related genes. PLDδ was involved in the auxin reduction mediated by CAG, but H2O2 did not participate in this process. In conclusion, PLDδ, auxin, and H2O2 mediated the inhibition of primary root growth by CAG in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juantao Kong
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Kai Yin
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Cuixia Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ning Yang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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3
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Wang CY, Li LL, Meiners SJ, Kong CH. Root placement patterns in allelopathic plant-plant interactions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:563-575. [PMID: 36263726 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants actively respond to their neighbors by altering root placement patterns. Neighbor-modulated root responses involve root detection and interactions mediated by root-secreted functional metabolites. However, chemically mediated root placement patterns and their underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We used an allelopathic wheat model system challenged with 60 target species to identify root placement responses in window rhizobox experiments. We then tested root responses and their biochemical mechanisms in incubation experiments involving the addition of activated carbon and functional metabolites with amyloplast staining and auxin localization in roots. Wheat and each target species demonstrated intrusive, avoidant or unresponsive root placement, resulting in a total of nine combined patterns. Root placement patterns were mediated by wheat allelochemicals and (-)-loliolide signaling of neighbor species. In particular, (-)-loliolide triggered wheat allelochemical production that altered root growth and placement, degraded starch grains in the root cap and induced uneven distribution of auxin in target species roots. Root placement patterns in wheat-neighbor interactions were perception dependent and species dependent. Signaling (-)-loliolide induced the production and release of wheat allelochemicals that modulated root placement patterns. Therefore, root placement patterns are generated by both signaling chemicals and allelochemicals in allelopathic plant-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yong Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lei-Lei Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Scott J Meiners
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, 61920, USA
| | - Chui-Hua Kong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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4
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Álvarez-Rodríguez S, López-González D, Reigosa MJ, Araniti F, Sánchez-Moreiras AM. Ultrastructural and hormonal changes related to harmaline-induced treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. root meristem. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 179:78-89. [PMID: 35325658 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Harmaline is an indole alkaloid with demonstrated phytotoxicity and recognized pharmacological applications. However, no information is available concerning its mode of action on plant metabolism. Therefore, the present work evaluated bioherbicide mode of action of harmaline on plant metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Harmaline induced a strong inhibitory activity on root growth of treated seedlings, reaching IC50 and IC80 values of 14 and 29 μM, respectively. Treated roots were shorter and thicker than control and were characterized by a shorter root meristem size and an increase of root hairs production. Harmaline induced ultrastructural changes such as increment of cell wall thickness, higher density and condensation of mitochondria and vacuolization, appearance of cell wall deposits, increment of Golgi secretory activity and higher percentage of aberrant nuclei. The ethylene inhibitor AgNO3 reversed high root hair appearance and increment of root thickness, and pTCSn::GFP transgenic line showed fluorescence cytokinin signal in stele zone after harmaline treatment that was absent in control, whereas the auxin signal in the transgenic line DR5 was significantly reduced by the treatment. All these results suggest that the mode of action of harmaline could be involving auxin, ethylene and cytokinin synergic/antagonistic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - David López-González
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Manuel J Reigosa
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università Statale di Milano, Via Celoria nº2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Adela M Sánchez-Moreiras
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
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The Phytotoxin Myrigalone A Triggers a Phased Detoxification Programme and Inhibits Lepidium sativum Seed Germination via Multiple Mechanisms including Interference with Auxin Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094618. [PMID: 35563008 PMCID: PMC9104956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular responses of plants to natural phytotoxins comprise more general and compound-specific mechanisms. How phytotoxic chalcones and other flavonoids inhibit seedling growth was widely studied, but how they interfere with seed germination is largely unknown. The dihydrochalcone and putative allelochemical myrigalone A (MyA) inhibits seed germination and seedling growth. Transcriptome (RNAseq) and hormone analyses of Lepidium sativum seed responses to MyA were compared to other bioactive and inactive compounds. MyA treatment of imbibed seeds triggered the phased induction of a detoxification programme, altered gibberellin, cis-(+)-12-oxophytodienoic acid and jasmonate metabolism, and affected the expression of hormone transporter genes. The MyA-mediated inhibition involved interference with the antioxidant system, oxidative signalling, aquaporins and water uptake, but not uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation or p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase expression/activity. MyA specifically affected the expression of auxin-related signalling genes, and various transporter genes, including for auxin transport (PIN7, ABCG37, ABCG4, WAT1). Responses to auxin-specific inhibitors further supported the conclusion that MyA interferes with auxin homeostasis during seed germination. Comparative analysis of MyA and other phytotoxins revealed differences in the specific regulatory mechanisms and auxin transporter genes targeted to interfere with auxin homestasis. We conclude that MyA exerts its phytotoxic activity by multiple auxin-dependent and independent molecular mechanisms.
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Yin L, Chen X, Chen Q, Wei D, Hu XY, Jia AQ. Diketopiperazine Modulates Arabidopsis thaliana Root System Architecture by Promoting Interactions of Auxin Receptor TIR1 and IAA7/17 Proteins. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:57-69. [PMID: 34534338 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants can detect the quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules of microorganisms, such as amino acids, fat derivatives and diketopiperazines (DKPs), thus allowing the exchange information to promote plant growth and development. Here, we evaluated the effects of 12 synthesized DKPs on Arabidopsis thaliana roots and studied their underlying mechanisms of action. Results showed that, as QS signal molecules, the DKPs promoted lateral root development and root hair formation in A.thaliana to differing degrees. The DKPs enhanced the polar transport of the plant hormone auxin from the shoot to root and triggered the auxin-responsive protein IAA7/17 to decrease the auxin response factor, leading to the accumulation of auxin at the root tip and accelerated root growth. In addition, the DKPs induced the development of lateral roots and root hair in the A. thaliana root system architecture via interference with auxin receptor transporter inhibitor response protein 1 (TIR1). A series of TIR1 sites that potentially interact with DKPs were also predicted using molecular docking analysis. Mutations of these sites inhibited the phosphorylation of TIR1 after DKP treatment, thereby inhibiting lateral root formation, especially TIR1-1 site. This study identified several DKP signal molecules in the QS system that can promote the expression of auxin response factors ARF7/19 via interactions of TIR1 and IAA7/17 proteins, thus promoting plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Yin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry Education, Hainan University, Haikou 571157, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200000, China
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Dongqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Ai-Qun Jia
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry Education, Hainan University, Haikou 571157, China
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210000, China
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7
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Santos Wagner AL, Araniti F, Bruno L, Ishii-Iwamoto EL, Abenavoli MR. The Steroid Saponin Protodioscin Modulates Arabidopsis thaliana Root Morphology Altering Auxin Homeostasis, Transport and Distribution. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10081600. [PMID: 34451648 PMCID: PMC8399103 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To date, synthetic herbicides are the main tools used for weed control, with consequent damage to both the environment and human health. In this respect, searching for new natural molecules and understanding their mode of action could represent an alternative strategy or support to traditional management methods for sustainable agriculture. Protodioscin is a natural molecule belonging to the class of steroid saponins, mainly produced by monocotyledons. In the present paper, protodioscin's phytotoxic potential was assessed to identify its target and the potential mode of action in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The results highlighted that the root system was the main target of protodioscin, which caused a high inhibitory effect on the primary root length (ED50 50 μM) with morphological alteration, accompanied by a significant increase in the lateral root number and root hair density. Through a pharmacological and microscopic approach, it was underlined that this saponin modified both auxin distribution and transport, causing an auxin accumulation in the region of root maturation and an alteration of proteins responsible for the auxin efflux (PIN2). In conclusion, the saponin protodioscin can modulate the root system of A. thaliana by interfering with the auxin transport (PAT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Santos Wagner
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020900, Brazil;
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (DISAA), University of Milan, Via Celoria, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Bruno
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Soil Science, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy;
| | - Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020900, Brazil;
| | - Maria Rosa Abenavoli
- Department of Agriculture, University of Reggio di Calabria, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Bruno L, Talarico E, Cabeiras-Freijanes L, Madeo ML, Muto A, Minervino M, Lucini L, Miras-Moreno B, Sofo A, Araniti F. Coumarin Interferes with Polar Auxin Transport Altering Microtubule Cortical Array Organization in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Root Apical Meristem. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147305. [PMID: 34298924 PMCID: PMC8306912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Coumarin is a phytotoxic natural compound able to affect plant growth and development. Previous studies have demonstrated that this molecule at low concentrations (100 µM) can reduce primary root growth and stimulate lateral root formation, suggesting an auxin-like activity. In the present study, we evaluated coumarin’s effects (used at lateral root-stimulating concentrations) on the root apical meristem and polar auxin transport to identify its potential mode of action through a confocal microscopy approach. To achieve this goal, we used several Arabidopsis thaliana GFP transgenic lines (for polar auxin transport evaluation), immunolabeling techniques (for imaging cortical microtubules), and GC-MS analysis (for auxin quantification). The results highlighted that coumarin induced cyclin B accumulation, which altered the microtubule cortical array organization and, consequently, the root apical meristem architecture. Such alterations reduced the basipetal transport of auxin to the apical root apical meristem, inducing its accumulation in the maturation zone and stimulating lateral root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Bruno
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Emanuela Talarico
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Luz Cabeiras-Freijanes
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- CITACA, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus da Auga, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Maria Letizia Madeo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonella Muto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Marco Minervino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.L.); (B.M.-M.)
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.L.); (B.M.-M.)
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, and Cultural Heritage (DICEM), University of Basilicata, 75100 Matera, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali—Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università Statale di Milano, Via Celoria n°2, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (F.A.)
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Inyang KE, McDougal TA, Ramirez ED, Williams M, Laumet G, Kavelaars A, Heijnen CJ, Burton M, Dussor G, Price TJ. Alleviation of paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and hyperalgesic priming with AMPK activators in male and female mice. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2019; 6:100037. [PMID: 31650090 PMCID: PMC6804652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2019.100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy-sensing kinase that has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for pain due to its ability to inhibit mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, two signaling pathways that are linked to pain promotion after injury as well as the development of hyperalgesic priming. MAPK and mTOR signaling are also implicated in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). We conducted a series of experiments to gain further insight into how AMPK activators might best be used to treat pain in both sexes in the setting of CIPN from paclitaxel. We also assessed whether hyperalgesic priming emerges from paclitaxel treatment and if this can be prevented by AMPK targeting. AMPK can be pharmacologically activated indirectly through regulation of upstream kinases like liver kinase B1 (LKB1) or directly using positive allosteric modulators. We used the indirect AMPK activators metformin and narciclasine, both of which have been shown to reduce pain in preclinical models but with much different potencies and different efficacies depending on the sex of the animal. We used the direct AMPK activator MK8722 because it is the most potent and specific such activator described to date. Here, the AMPK activators were used in 2 different treatment paradigms. First the drugs were given concurrently with paclitaxel to test whether they prevent mechanical hypersensitivity. Second the AMPK activators were given after the completion of paclitaxel treatment to test whether they reverse established mechanical hypersensitivity. Consistent with our previously published findings with metformin, narciclasine (1 mg/kg) produced an anti-hyperalgesic effect, preventing paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in outbred mice of both sexes. In contrast to metformin, narciclasine also reversed mechanical hypersensitivity in established CIPN. Both metformin (200 mg/kg) and narciclasine prevented the development of hyperalgesic priming induced by paclitaxel treatment. MK8722 (30 mg/kg) had no effect on mechanical hypersensitivity caused by paclitaxel in either the prevention or reversal treatment paradigms. However, MK8722 did attenuate hyperalgesic priming in male and female mice. We conclude that paclitaxel induces robust hyperalgesic priming that is prevented by AMPK targeting and that narciclasine is a particularly attractive candidate for further development as a CIPN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kufreobong E Inyang
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Timothy A McDougal
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Eric D Ramirez
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Marisa Williams
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Geoffroy Laumet
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Symptom Research, United States
| | | | - Cobi J Heijnen
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Symptom Research, United States
| | - Michael Burton
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Gregory Dussor
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Theodore J Price
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
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Li P, Ding L, Zhang L, He J, Huan Z. Weisiensin B inhibits primary and lateral root development by interfering with polar auxin transport in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:738-745. [PMID: 31010613 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Weisiensin B, a new ent-kaurene diterpenoid isolated from Isodon weisiensis (C. Y. Wu) H. Hara, exhibited phytotoxic effects on root growth and lateral root development in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Primary root growth and lateral root formation in A. thaliana seedlings were significantly inhibited by 10-20 μM weisiensin B. Additionally, the role of weisiensin B in response to polar auxin transport in A. thaliana roots was investigated using a PIN promoter (PIN::GUS), a green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein reporter (PINs::PINs:GFP), and DR5::GUS and DR5::GFP reporter genes. The results indicated that weisiensin B reduced the expression of PIN2, PIN3, PIN4, PIN7, and AUX1 genes and significantly decreased the abundance of PIN2-GFP, PIN3-GFP, PIN4-GFP, PIN7-GFP, and AUX1-GFP fusion proteins at their respective cellular locations, simultaneously causing auxin accumulation in the root apex. These results suggest that weisiensin B interferes with polar auxin transport in A. thaliana roots, resulting in auxin accumulation in the root meristematic cells and the inhibition of root growth and lateral root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, China
| | - Lan Ding
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, China
| | - Jing He
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, China
| | - Zhaowei Huan
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, China
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11
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Fujita H, Kawaguchi M. Spatial regularity control of phyllotaxis pattern generated by the mutual interaction between auxin and PIN1. PLoS Comput Biol 2018; 14:e1006065. [PMID: 29614066 PMCID: PMC5882125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phyllotaxis, the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem, is well known because of its beautiful geometric configuration, which is derived from the constant spacing between leaf primordia. This phyllotaxis is established by mutual interaction between a diffusible plant hormone auxin and its efflux carrier PIN1, which cooperatively generate a regular pattern of auxin maxima, small regions with high auxin concentrations, leading to leaf primordia. However, the molecular mechanism of the regular pattern of auxin maxima is still largely unknown. To better understand how the phyllotaxis pattern is controlled, we investigated mathematical models based on the auxin-PIN1 interaction through linear stability analysis and numerical simulations, focusing on the spatial regularity control of auxin maxima. As in previous reports, we first confirmed that this spatial regularity can be reproduced by a highly simplified and abstract model. However, this model lacks the extracellular region and is not appropriate for considering the molecular mechanism. Thus, we investigated how auxin maxima patterns are affected under more realistic conditions. We found that the spatial regularity is eliminated by introducing the extracellular region, even in the presence of direct diffusion between cells or between extracellular spaces, and this strongly suggests the existence of an unknown molecular mechanism. To unravel this mechanism, we assumed a diffusible molecule to verify various feedback interactions with auxin-PIN1 dynamics. We revealed that regular patterns can be restored by a diffusible molecule that mediates the signaling from auxin to PIN1 polarization. Furthermore, as in the one-dimensional case, similar results are observed in the two-dimensional space. These results provide a great insight into the theoretical and molecular basis for understanding the phyllotaxis pattern. Our theoretical analysis strongly predicts a diffusible molecule that is pivotal for the phyllotaxis pattern but is yet to be determined experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Fujita
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masayoshi Kawaguchi
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
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12
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Araniti F, Bruno L, Sunseri F, Pacenza M, Forgione I, Bitonti MB, Abenavoli MR. The allelochemical farnesene affects Arabidopsis thaliana root meristem altering auxin distribution. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 121:14-20. [PMID: 29078092 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Farnesene is a sesquiterpene with semiochemical activity involved in interspecies communication. This molecule, known for its phytotoxic potential and its effects on root morphology and anatomy, caused anisotropic growth, bold roots and a "left-handedness" phenotype. These clues suggested an alteration of auxin distribution, and for this reason, the aim of the present study was to evaluate its effects on: i) PIN-FORMED proteins (PIN) distribution, involved in polar auxin transport; ii) PIN genes expression iii) apical meristem anatomy of primary root, in 7 days old Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings treated with farnesene 250 μM. The following GFP constructs: pSCR::SCR-GFP, pDR5::GFP,pPIN1::PIN1-GFP, pPIN2::PIN2-GFP, pPIN3::PIN3-GFP, pPIN4::PIN4-GFP and pPIN7::PIN7-GFP were used to evaluate auxin distribution. Farnesene caused a reduction in meristematic zone size, an advancement in transition zone, suggesting a premature exit of cells from the meristematic zone, a reduction in cell division and an impairment between epidermal and cortex cells. The auxin-responsive reporter pDR5::GFP highlighted that auxin distribution was impaired in farnesene-treated roots, where auxin distribution appeared maximum in the quiescent center and columella initial cells, without extending to mature columella cells. This finding was further confirmed by the analysis on PIN transport proteins distribution, assessed on individual constructs, which showed an extreme alteration mainly dependent on the PIN 3, 4 and 7, involved in pattern specification during root development and auxin redistribution. Finally, farnesene treatment caused a down-regulation of all the auxin transport genes studied. We propose that farnesene affected auxin transport and distribution causing the alteration of root meristem, and consequently the left-handedness phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Araniti
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Bruno
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra (DiBEST), Università della Calabria, 87040 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Francesco Sunseri
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Marianna Pacenza
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra (DiBEST), Università della Calabria, 87040 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Ivano Forgione
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra (DiBEST), Università della Calabria, 87040 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Bitonti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra (DiBEST), Università della Calabria, 87040 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Abenavoli
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
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13
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Yang XF, Lei K, Kong CH, Xu XH. Effect of allelochemical tricin and its related benzothiazine derivative on photosynthetic performance of herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 143:224-230. [PMID: 29183596 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing knowledge of allelochemicals as leads for new herbicides, relatively little is known about the mode of action of allelochemical-based herbicides on herbicide-resistant weeds. In this study, herbicidal activities of a series of allelochemical tricin-derived compounds were evaluated. Subsequently, a benzothiazine derivative 3-(2-chloro-4-methanesulfonyl)-benzoyl-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-1,1-dioxide with 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibiting activity was identified as a target compound on photosynthetic performance of penoxsulam-resistant versus -susceptible barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). Regardless of barnyardgrass biotype, the benzothiazine derivative greatly affected chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, ETR1min and NPQ1min), reduced the chloroplast fluorescence levels and expression of HPPD gene. In particular, the benzothiazine derivative interfered with photosynthetic performance of resistant barnyardgrass more effectively than the allelochemical tricin itself. These results showed that the benzothiazine derivative effectively inhibited the growth of resistant barnyardgrass and its mode of action on photosynthesis system was similar to HPPD-inhibiting sulcotrione, making it an ideal lead compound for further development of allelochemical-based herbicide discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Fang Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kang Lei
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chui-Hua Kong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiao-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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14
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Cao X, Ma F, Xu T, Wang J, Liu S, Li G, Su Q, Qiao Z, Na X. Transcriptomic analysis reveals key early events of narciclasine signaling in Arabidopsis root apex. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:2381-2401. [PMID: 27562382 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Histochemical staining and RNA-seq data demonstrated that the ROS- and plant hormone-regulated stress responses are the key early events of narciclasine signaling in Arabidopsis root cells. Narciclasine, an amaryllidaceae alkaloid isolated from Narcissus tazetta bulbs, employs a broad range of functions on plant development and growth. However, its molecular interactions that modulate these roles in plants are not fully understood. To elucidate the global responses of Arabidopsis roots to short-term narciclasine exposure, we first measured the accumulation of H2O2 and O2- with histochemical staining, and then profiled the gene expression pattern in Arabidopsis root tips treated with 0.5 µM narciclasine across different exposure times by RNA-seq. Physiological measurements showed a significant increase in H2O2 began at 30-60 min of narciclasine treatment and O2- accumulated by 120 min. Compared with controls, 236 genes were upregulated and 54 genes were downregulated with 2 h of narciclasine treatment, while 968 genes were upregulated and 835 genes were downregulated with 12 h of treatment. The Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were highly enriched during oxidative stress, including those involved in the "regulation of transcription", "response to oxidative stress", "plant-pathogen interaction", "ribonucleotide binding", "plant cell wall organization", and "ribosome biogenesis". Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment statistics suggested that carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid and secondary metabolites were significantly inhibited by 12 h of narciclasine exposure. Hence, our results demonstrate that hormones and H2O2 are important regulators of narciclasine signaling and help to uncover the factors involved in the molecular interplay between narciclasine and phytohormones in Arabidopsis root cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Cao
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan, 030000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ma
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China
- New Technology Application, Research and Development Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xu
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan, 030000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sichen Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan, 030000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaihong Li
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Su
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Qiao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan, 030000, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - XiaoFan Na
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Yu TY, Shi DQ, Jia PF, Tang J, Li HJ, Liu J, Yang WC. The Arabidopsis Receptor Kinase ZAR1 Is Required for Zygote Asymmetric Division and Its Daughter Cell Fate. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005933. [PMID: 27014878 PMCID: PMC4807781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric division of zygote is critical for pattern formation during early embryogenesis in plants and animals. It requires integration of the intrinsic and extrinsic cues prior to and/or after fertilization. How these cues are translated into developmental signals is poorly understood. Here through genetic screen for mutations affecting early embryogenesis, we identified an Arabidopsis mutant, zygotic arrest 1 (zar1), in which zygote asymmetric division and the cell fate of its daughter cells were impaired. ZAR1 encodes a member of the RLK/Pelle kinase family. We demonstrated that ZAR1 physically interacts with Calmodulin and the heterotrimeric G protein Gβ, and ZAR1 kinase is activated by their binding as well. ZAR1 is specifically expressed micropylarly in the embryo sac at eight-nucleate stage and then in central cell, egg cell and synergids in the mature embryo sac. After fertilization, ZAR1 is accumulated in zygote and endosperm. The disruption of ZAR1 and AGB1 results in short basal cell and an apical cell with basal cell fate. These data suggest that ZAR1 functions as a membrane integrator for extrinsic cues, Ca2+ signal and G protein signaling to regulate the division of zygote and the cell fate of its daughter cells in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Qiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Ju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Cai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Abstract
The latest progress on the isolation, identification, biological activity and synthetic studies of the structurally diverse alkaloids from plants of family Amaryllidaceae has been summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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