1
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Sciarroni E, Montanelli L, Di Cosmo C, Bagattini B, Comi S, Pignata L, Brancatella A, De Marco G, Ferrarini E, Nencetti C, Sessa MR, Latrofa F, Santini F, Tonacchera M, Agretti P. Late-onset dyshormonogenic goitrous hypothyroidism due to a homozygous mutation of the SLC26A7 gene: a case report. Ital J Pediatr 2024; 50:106. [PMID: 38812002 PMCID: PMC11137895 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-024-01672-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we used targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) to investigate the genetic basis of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in a 19-year-old Tunisian man who presented with severe hypothyroidism and goiter. CASE PRESENTATION The propositus reported the appearance of goiter when he was 18. Importantly, he did not show signs of mental retardation, and his growth was proportionate. A partial organification defect was detected through the perchlorate-induced iodide discharge test. NGS identified a novel homozygous mutation in exon 18 of the SLC26A7 gene (P628Qfs*11), which encodes for a new iodide transporter. This variant is predicted to result in a truncated protein. Notably, the patient's euthyroid brother was heterozygous for the same mutation. No renal acid-base abnormalities were found and the administration of 1 mg of iodine failed to correct hypothyroidism. CONCLUSIONS We described the first case of goitrous CH due to a homozygous mutation of the SLC26A7 gene diagnosed during late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Sciarroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lucia Montanelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Di Cosmo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Brunella Bagattini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Comi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luisa Pignata
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Brancatella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Marco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ferrarini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Nencetti
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Sessa
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Latrofa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Tonacchera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Agretti
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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2
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Pio MG, Siffo S, Scheps KG, Molina MF, Adrover E, Abelleyro MM, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. Curating the gnomAD database: Report of novel variants in the thyrogobulin gene using in silico bioinformatics algorithms. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 534:111359. [PMID: 34119605 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (TG) is a large glycosylated protein of 2767 amino acids, secreted by the thyrocytes into the follicular lumen. It plays an essential role in the process of thyroid hormone synthesis. TG gene variants lead to permanent congenital hypothyroidism. In the present work, we report a detailed population and bioinformatic prediction analyses of the TG variants indexed in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The results showed a clear predominance of nonsense variants in the European (Finnish), European (Non-Finnish) and Ashkenazi Jewish ethnic groups, whereas the splice site variants predominate in South Asian and African/African-American populations. In total, 282 novel TG variants were described (47 missense involving the wild-type cysteine residues, 177 missense located in the ChEL domain and 58 splice site variants) which were not reported in the literature and that would have deleterious effects in prediction programs. In the gnomAD population, the estimated prevalence of heterozygous carriers of the potentially damaging variants was 1:320. In conclusion, we provide an updated and curated reference source for the diagnosis of thyroid disease, mainly to congenital hypothyroidism due to TG deficiency. The identification and characterization of TG variants is undoubtedly a valuable approach to study the TG structure/function relations and an important tool for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Gomes Pio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofia Siffo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen G Scheps
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maricel F Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiela Adrover
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel M Abelleyro
- CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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3
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Zhang X, Kellogg AP, Citterio CE, Zhang H, Larkin D, Morishita Y, Targovnik HM, Balbi VA, Arvan P. Thyroid hormone synthesis continues despite biallelic thyroglobulin mutation with cell death. JCI Insight 2021; 6:148496. [PMID: 33914707 PMCID: PMC8262357 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete absence of thyroid hormone is incompatible with life in vertebrates. Thyroxine is synthesized within thyroid follicles upon iodination of thyroglobulin conveyed from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), via the Golgi complex, to the extracellular follicular lumen. In congenital hypothyroidism from biallelic thyroglobulin mutation, thyroglobulin is misfolded and cannot advance from the ER, eliminating its secretion and triggering ER stress. Nevertheless, untreated patients somehow continue to synthesize sufficient thyroxine to yield measurable serum levels that sustain life. Here, we demonstrate that TGW2346R/W2346R humans, TGcog/cog mice, and TGrdw/rdw rats exhibited no detectable ER export of thyroglobulin, accompanied by severe thyroidal ER stress and thyroid cell death. Nevertheless, thyroxine was synthesized, and brief treatment of TGrdw/rdw rats with antithyroid drug was lethal to the animals. When untreated, remarkably, thyroxine was synthesized on the mutant thyroglobulin protein, delivered via dead thyrocytes that decompose within the follicle lumen, where they were iodinated and cannibalized by surrounding live thyrocytes. As the animals continued to grow goiters, circulating thyroxine increased. However, when TGrdw/rdw rats age, they cannot sustain goiter growth that provided the dying cells needed for ongoing thyroxine synthesis, resulting in profound hypothyroidism. These results establish a disease mechanism wherein dead thyrocytes support organismal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhang
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aaron P Kellogg
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cintia E Citterio
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hao Zhang
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Dennis Larkin
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yoshiaki Morishita
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana A Balbi
- Department of Endocrinology and Growth, Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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4
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Citterio CE, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. Structure and genetic variants of thyroglobulin: Pathophysiological implications. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 528:111227. [PMID: 33689781 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (TG) plays a main role in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (TH), and, thus, it is involved in a wide range of vital functions throughout the life cycle of all vertebrates. Deficiency of TH production due to TG genetic variants causes congenital hypothyroidism (CH), with devastating consequences such as intellectual disability and impaired growth if untreated. To this day, 229 variations in the human TG gene have been identified while the 3D structure of TG has recently appeared. Although TG deficiency is thought to be of autosomal recessive inheritance, the introduction of massive sequencing platforms led to the identification of a variety of monoallelic TG variants (combined with mutations in other thyroid gene products) opening new questions regarding the possibility of oligogenic inheritance of the disease. In this review we discuss remarkable advances in the understanding of the TG architecture and the pathophysiology of CH associated with TG defects, providing new insights for the management of congenital disorders as well as counseling benefits for families with a history of TG abnormalities. Moreover, we summarize relevant aspects of TH synthesis within TG and offer an updated analysis of animal and cellular models of TG deficiency for pathophysiological studies of thyroid dyshormonogenesis while highlighting perspectives for new investigations. All in all, even though there has been sustained progress in understanding the role of TG in thyroid pathophysiology during the past 50 years, functional characterization of TG variants remains an important area of study for future advancement in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia E Citterio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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5
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Pio MG, Molina MF, Siffo S, Chiesa A, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. A novel mutation in intron 11 donor splice site, responsible of a rare genotype in thyroglobulin gene by altering the pre-mRNA splincing process. Cell expression and bioinformatic analysis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 522:111124. [PMID: 33321114 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (TG) is a homodimeric glycoprotein synthesized by the thyroid gland. To date, two hundred twenty-seven variations of the TG gene have been identified in humans. Thyroid dyshormonogenesis due to TG gene mutations have an estimated incidence of approximately 1 in 100,000 newborns. The clinical spectrum ranges from euthyroid to mild or severe hypothyroidism. The purpose of the present study was to identify and characterize new variants in the TG gene. We report an Argentine patient with congenital hypothyroidism, enlarged thyroid gland and low levels of serum TG. Sequencing of DNA, expression of chimeric minigenes as well as bioinformatics analysis were performed. DNA sequencing identified the presence of compound heterozygous mutations in the TG gene: the maternal mutation consists of a c.3001+5G > A, whereas the paternal mutation consists of p.Arg296*. Minigen analysis of the variant c.3001+5A performed in HeLa, CV1 and Hek293T cell lines, showed a total lack of transcript expression. So, in order to validate that the loss of expression was caused by such variation, site-directed mutagenesis was performed on the mutated clone, which previously had a pSPL3 vector change, to give rise to a wild-type clone c.3001+5G, endorsing that the mutation c.3001+5G > A is the cause of the total lack of expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the c.3001+5G > A mutation causes a rare genotype, altering the splicing of the pre-mRNA. This work contributes to elucidating the molecular bases of TG defects associated with congenital hypothyroidism and expands our knowledge in relation to the pathologic roles of the position 5 in the donor splice site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Gomes Pio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maricel F Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofia Siffo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Chiesa
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas, CEDIE-CONICET, División Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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6
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Siffo S, Adrover E, Citterio CE, Miras MB, Balbi VA, Chiesa A, Weill J, Sobrero G, González VG, Papendieck P, Martinez EB, Gonzalez-Sarmiento R, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. Molecular analysis of thyroglobulin mutations found in patients with goiter and hypothyroidism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 473:1-16. [PMID: 29275168 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid dyshormonogenesis due to thyroglobulin (TG) gene mutations have an estimated incidence of approximately 1 in 100,000 newborns. The clinical spectrum ranges from euthyroid to mild or severe hypothyroidism. Up to now, one hundred seventeen deleterious mutations in the TG gene have been identified and characterized. The purpose of the present study was to identify and characterize new mutations in the TG gene. We report eight patients from seven unrelated families with goiter, hypothyroidism and low levels of serum TG. All patients underwent clinical, biochemical and image evaluation. Sequencing of DNA, genotyping, as well as bioinformatics analysis were performed. Molecular analyses revealed three novel inactivating TG mutations: c.5560G>T [p.E1835*], c.7084G>C [p.A2343P] and c.7093T>C [p.W2346R], and four previously reported mutations: c.378C>A [p.Y107*], c.886C>T [p.R277*], c.1351C>T [p.R432*] and c.7007G>A [p.R2317Q]. Two patients carried homozygous mutations (p.R277*/p.R277*, p.W2346R/p.W2346R), four were compound heterozygous mutations (p.Y107*/p.R277* (two unrelated patients), p.R432*/p.A2343P, p.Y107*/p.R2317Q) and two siblings from another family had a single p.E1835* mutated allele. Additionally, we include the analysis of 48 patients from 31 unrelated families with TG mutations identified in our present and previous studies. Our observation shows that mutations in both TG alleles were found in 27 families (9 as homozygote and 18 as heterozygote compound), whereas in the remaining four families only one mutated allele was detected. The majority of the detected mutations occur in exons 4, 7, 38 and 40. 28 different mutations were identified, 33 of the 96 TG alleles encoded the change p.R277*. In conclusion, our results confirm the genetic heterogeneity of TG defects and the pathophysiological importance of the predicted TG misfolding and therefore thyroid hormone formation as a consequence of truncated TG proteins and/or missense mutations located within its ACHE-like domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Siffo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiela Adrover
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cintia E Citterio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mirta B Miras
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Santísima Trinidad, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Viviana A Balbi
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica", La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana Chiesa
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas, CEDIE-CONICET, División Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jacques Weill
- Clinique de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gabriela Sobrero
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Santísima Trinidad, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica G González
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica", La Plata, Argentina
| | - Patricia Papendieck
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas, CEDIE-CONICET, División Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elena Bueno Martinez
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular-Departamento de Medicina, IBMCC and IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rogelio Gonzalez-Sarmiento
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular-Departamento de Medicina, IBMCC and IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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7
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Zhou Z, Yang C, Lv F, Liu W, Yan S, Zang H, Li M, Wang F, Zang Y, Liu S. Novel
THRB
mutation analysis in congenital hypothyroidism with thyroid dysgenesis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9474-9482. [PMID: 30074255 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Zhou
- Center for Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Chengyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Fuyan Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital Qingdao China
| | - Wenmiao Liu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Shengli Yan
- Department of Endocrinology Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Hongwei Zang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medical School of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yucui Zang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
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8
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Indrasena BSH. Use of thyroglobulin as a tumour marker. World J Biol Chem 2017; 8:81-85. [PMID: 28289520 PMCID: PMC5329716 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v8.i1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is worthwhile to measure serum thyroglobulin (TG) level in thyroid cancer before subjecting patients to surgery for two reasons. Firstly, if the level is high, it may give a clue to the local and metastatic tumour burden at presentation; secondly, if the level is normal, it identifies the patients who are unlikely to show rising TG levels in the presence of thyroid cancer. Those who have high serum TG before surgery will show up recurrence as rising serum TG during the postoperative period. Those who do not have high serum TG before surgery will not show up rising serum TG in the presence of recurrent disease. In the latter situation, normal TG level gives only a false reassurance regarding recurrence of disease. Nevertheless, rising serum TG during the postoperative period must be interpreted cautiously because this could be due to the enlargement of non-cancerous residual thyroid tissue inadvertently left behind during surgery.
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9
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Shang Z, Lv H, Zhang M, Duan L, Wang S, Li J, Liu G, Ruijie Z, Jiang Y. Genome-wide haplotype association study identify TNFRSF1A, CASP7, LRP1B, CDH1 and TG genes associated with Alzheimer's disease in Caribbean Hispanic individuals. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42504-14. [PMID: 26621834 PMCID: PMC4767448 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an acquired disorder of cognitive and behavioral impairment. It is considered to be caused by variety of factors, such as age, environment and genetic factors. In order to identify the genetic affect factors of AD, we carried out a bioinformatic approach which combined genome-wide haplotype-based association study with gene prioritization. The raw SNP genotypes data was downloaded from GEO database (GSE33528). It contains 615 AD patients and 560 controls of Caribbean Hispanic individuals. Firstly, we identified the linkage disequilibrium (LD) haplotype blocks and performed genome-wide haplotype association study to screen significant haplotypes that were associated with AD. Then we mapped these significant haplotypes to genes and obtained candidate genes set for AD. At last, we prioritized AD candidate genes based on their similarity with 36 known AD genes, so as to identify AD related genes. The results showed that 141 haplotypes on 134 LD blocks were significantly associated with AD (P<1E-4), and these significant haplotypes were mapped to 132 AD candidate genes. After prioritizing these candidate genes, we found seven AD related genes: APOE, APOC1, TNFRSF1A, LRP1B, CDH1, TG and CASP7. Among these genes, APOE and APOC1 are known AD risk genes. For the other five genes TNFRSF1A, CDH1, CASP7, LRP1B and TG, this is the first genetic association study which showed the significant association between these five genes and AD susceptibility in Caribbean Hispanic individuals. We believe that our findings can provide a new perspective to understand the genetic affect factors of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Shang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongchao Lv
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lian Duan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Situo Wang
- Genetic Data Analysis Group, The Genome Science Consortium, Harbin, China
| | - Jin Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Genome Analysis Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhang Ruijie
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongshuai Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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10
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Hu X, Chen R, Fu C, Fan X, Wang J, Qian J, Yi S, Li C, Luo J, Su J, Zhang S, Xie B, Zheng H, Lai Y, Chen Y, Li H, Gu X, Chen S, Shen Y. Thyroglobulin gene mutations in Chinese patients with congenital hypothyroidism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 423:60-6. [PMID: 26777470 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in Thyroglobulin (TG) are common genetic causes of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). But the TG mutation spectrum and its frequency in Chinese CH patients have not been investigated. Here we conducted a genetic screening of TG gene in a cohort of 382 Chinese CH patients. We identified 22 rare non-polymorphic variants including six truncating variants and 16 missense variants of unknown significance (VUS). Seven patients carried homozygous pathogenic variants, and three patients carried homozygous or compound heterozygous VUS. 48 out of 382 patients carried one of 18 heterozygous VUS which is significantly more often than their occurrences in control cohort (P < 0.0001). Unique to Asian population, the c.274+2T>G variant is the most common pathogenic variant with an allele frequency of 0.021. The prevalence of CH due to TG gene defect in Chinese population was estimated to be approximately 1/101,000. Our study uncovered ethnicity specific TG mutation spectrum and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyun Hu
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Rongyu Chen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Chunyun Fu
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xin Fan
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jiale Qian
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Shang Yi
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Chuan Li
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jingsi Luo
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jiasun Su
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Shujie Zhang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Bobo Xie
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Haiyang Zheng
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yunli Lai
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yun Chen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hongdou Li
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xuefan Gu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shaoke Chen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Yiping Shen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Claritas Genomics, Cambridge, MA, United States.
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11
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Citterio CE, Morales CM, Bouhours-Nouet N, Machiavelli GA, Bueno E, Gatelais F, Coutant R, González-Sarmiento R, Rivolta CM, Targovnik HM. Novel compound heterozygous Thyroglobulin mutations c.745+1G>A/c.7036+2T>A associated with congenital goiter and hypothyroidism in a Vietnamese family. Identification of a new cryptic 5' splice site in the exon 6. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 404:102-12. [PMID: 25633667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Several patients were identified with dyshormonogenesis caused by mutations in the thyroglobulin (TG) gene. These defects are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and affected individuals are either homozygous or compound heterozygous for the mutations. The aim of the present study was to identify new TG mutations in a patient of Vietnamese origin affected by congenital hypothyroidism, goiter and low levels of serum TG. DNA sequencing identified the presence of compound heterozygous mutations in the TG gene: the maternal mutation consists of a novel c.745+1G>A (g.IVS6 + 1G>A), whereas the hypothetical paternal mutation consists of a novel c.7036+2T>A (g.IVS40 + 2T>A). The father was not available for segregation analysis. Ex-vivo splicing assays and subsequent RT-PCR analyses were performed on mRNA isolated from the eukaryotic-cells transfected with normal and mutant expression vectors. Minigene analysis of the c.745+1G>A mutant showed that the exon 6 is skipped during pre-mRNA splicing or partially included by use of a cryptic 5' splice site located to 55 nucleotides upstream of the authentic exon 6/intron 6 junction site. The functional analysis of c.7036+2T>A mutation showed a complete skipping of exon 40. The theoretical consequences of splice site mutations, predicted with the bioinformatics tool NNSplice, Fsplice, SPL, SPLM and MaxEntScan programs were investigated and evaluated in relation with the experimental evidence. These analyses predicted that both mutant alleles would result in the abolition of the authentic splice donor sites. The c.745+1G>A mutation originates two putative truncated proteins of 200 and 1142 amino acids, whereas c.7036+2T>A mutation results in a putative truncated protein of 2277 amino acids. In conclusion, we show that the c.745+1G>A mutation promotes the activation of a new cryptic donor splice site in the exon 6 of the TG gene. The functional consequences of these mutations could be structural changes in the protein molecule that alter the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia E Citterio
- Laboratorio de Genética y Biología Molecular, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM, CONICET-UBA), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", C1120AAR Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Genética y Biología Molecular (FFyB-UBA), C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia M Morales
- Laboratorio de Genética y Biología Molecular, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM, CONICET-UBA), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", C1120AAR Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Genética y Biología Molecular (FFyB-UBA), C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natacha Bouhours-Nouet
- Unité Endocrinologie Diabétologie Pédiatrique and Centre des Maladies Rares de la Réceptivité Hormonale, CHU-Angers, 49933 Angers CEDEX 9, France
| | - Gloria A Machiavelli
- Laboratorio de Genética y Biología Molecular, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM, CONICET-UBA), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", C1120AAR Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Genética y Biología Molecular (FFyB-UBA), C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elena Bueno
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, España
| | - Frédérique Gatelais
- Unité Endocrinologie Diabétologie Pédiatrique and Centre des Maladies Rares de la Réceptivité Hormonale, CHU-Angers, 49933 Angers CEDEX 9, France
| | - Regis Coutant
- Unité Endocrinologie Diabétologie Pédiatrique and Centre des Maladies Rares de la Réceptivité Hormonale, CHU-Angers, 49933 Angers CEDEX 9, France
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, España
| | - Carina M Rivolta
- Laboratorio de Genética y Biología Molecular, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM, CONICET-UBA), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", C1120AAR Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Genética y Biología Molecular (FFyB-UBA), C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, España
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Laboratorio de Genética y Biología Molecular, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM, CONICET-UBA), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", C1120AAR Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Genética y Biología Molecular (FFyB-UBA), C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, España.
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12
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Elisei R, Agate L, Viola D, Matrone A, Biagini A, Molinaro E. How to manage patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and a rising serum thyroglobulin level. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2014; 43:331-44. [PMID: 24891165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Serum thyroglobulin (sTg) is the marker for monitoring persistence/recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer, in patients without sTg antibodies. Patients with undetectable basal sTg or peak sTg <2 ng/mL are cured with low risk to recur. Newly detectable level of sTg indicates the recurrence. The significance of increasing sTg in patients treated with emithyroidectomy or total-thyroidectomy but not ablated with radioiodine is undefined. A doubling time <1 year may be a poor prognostic factor, but this is more relevant in cases with high levels of sTg. Because of its sensitivity, neck ultrasound should be performed at any visit, especially when an increased sTg is seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Elisei
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy.
| | - Laura Agate
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - David Viola
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Antonio Matrone
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Agnese Biagini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Eleonora Molinaro
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy
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13
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Citterio CE, Rossetti LC, Souchon PF, Morales C, Thouvard-Viprey M, Salmon-Musial AS, Mauran PLA, Doco-Fenzy M, González-Sarmiento R, Rivolta CM, De Brasi CD, Targovnik HM. Novel mutational mechanism in the thyroglobulin gene: imperfect DNA inversion as a cause for hereditary hypothyroidism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 381:220-9. [PMID: 23933148 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to perform genetic analysis in three brothers of Turkish origin born from consanguineus parents and affected by congenital hypothyroidism, goiter and low levels of serum TG. The combination of sequencing of DNA, PCR mapping, quantitative real-time PCR, inverse-PCR (I-PCR), multiplex PCR and bioinformatics analysis were used in order to detect TG mutations. We demonstrated that the three affected siblings are homozygous for a DNA inversion of 16,962bp in the TG gene associated with two deleted regions at both sides of the inversion limits. The inversion region includes the first 9bp of exon 48, 1015bp of intron 47, 191bp of exon 47, 1523bp of intron 46, 135bp of exon 46 and the last 14,089bp of intron 45. The proximal deletion corresponds to 27bp of TG intron 45, while the distal deletion spans the last 230bp of TG exon 48 and the first 588bp of intergenic region downstream TG end. The parents were heterozygous carriers of the complex rearrangement. In conclusion, a novel large imperfect DNA inversion within the TG gene was identified by the strategy of I-PCR. This aberration was not detectable by normal sequencing of the exons and exon/intron boundaries. Remarkably, the finding represents the first description of a TG deficiency disease caused by a DNA inversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia E Citterio
- Laboratorio de Genética y Biología Molecular, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM, CONICET-UBA), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", C1120AAR Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Genética y Biología Molecular (FFyB-UBA), C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina
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