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Zhang X, van Veen S, Hadavi D, Zhao Y, Mohren R, Habibović P, Honing M, Albertazzi L, van Rijt S. DNA Nanoparticle Based 2D Biointerface to Study the Effect of Dynamic RGD Presentation on Stem Cell Adhesion and Migration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311402. [PMID: 38757547 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The native extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes constant remodeling, where adhesive ligand presentation changes over time and in space to control stem cell function. As such, it is of interest to develop 2D biointerfaces able to study these complex ligand stem-cell interactions. In this study, a novel dynamic bio interface based on DNA hybridization is developed, which can be employed to control ligand display kinetics and used to study dynamic cell-ligand interaction. In this approach, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are functionalized with single-strand DNA (MSN-ssDNA) and spin-coated on a glass substrate to create the 2D bio interface. Cell adhesive tripeptide RGD is conjugated to complementary DNA strands (csDNA) of 9, 11, or 20 nucleotides in length, to form csDNA-RGD. The resulting 3 csDNA-RGD conjugates can hybridize with the ssDNA on the MSN surface, presenting RGD with increased ligand dissociation rates as DNA length is shortened. Slow RGD dissociation rates led to enhanced stem cell adhesion and spreading, resulting in elongated cell morphology. Cells on surfaces with slow RGD dissociation rates also exhibited higher motility, migrating in multiple directions compared to cells on surfaces with fast RGD dissociation rates. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on dynamic ligand-stem cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhen Zhang
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Stijn van Veen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Darya Hadavi
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Yuandi Zhao
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Ronny Mohren
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibović
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Honing
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine van Rijt
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
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Ma JJ, Xiang C, Zhu HQ, Bai BL, Wang P, Zhao GA. Expression and prognosis analysis of integrin subunit α3 (ITGA3) in papillary thyroid cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23163. [PMID: 38163190 PMCID: PMC10756987 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrin subunit α3 (ITGA3) is a member of the integrin family and interacts with extracellular matrix proteins. However, there have been few reports regarding the role of ITGA3 in papillary thyroid cancer. The expression levels of ITGA3 were firstly analyzed by bioinformatics tools and in vitro experiments, followed by evaluating its prognostic significance in papillary thyroid cancer patients using Kaplan-Meier, receiver operating characteristic, and Cox regression analyses. Then, cBioportal and GSCA databases were applied to evaluate genetic alterations of ITGA3. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted and the upstream miRNAs of ITGA3 were determined. The results showed that the ITGA3 mRNA and protein levels were higher in the papillary thyroid cancer group than those in the normal group (all P < 0.05). Moreover, ITGA3 performed well in distinguishing the recurrence-free survival (RFS) status and served as an independent prognostic factor of papillary thyroid cancer patients (P < 0.01). Besides, significant relations between ITGA3 and genetic alterations were observed (FDR <0.01). Functional enrichment analysis indicated ECM-receptor interaction and cell adhesion molecules were the shared regulatory pathways. Moreover, ITGA3 might be the target gene of hsa-miR-3129, hsa-miR-181d, hsa-miR-181b, hsa-miR-199a, and hsa-miR-199b. Of note, the ITGA3 mRNA level was reduced after has-miR-199b-3p/5p was overexpressed. In conclusion, ITGA3 could be a reliable biomarker and have potential value in predicting the RFS status of papillary thyroid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-jie Ma
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Xiang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heng-qing Zhu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing-long Bai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guan-an Zhao
- Department of Urology, Lishui City People's Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
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Cao J, Yang S, Liao Y, Wang Y, He J, Xiong C, Shi K, Hu X. Evaluation of polyetheretherketone composites modified by calcium silicate and carbon nanotubes for bone regeneration: mechanical properties, biomineralization and induction of osteoblasts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1271140. [PMID: 37711454 PMCID: PMC10497740 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1271140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Desired orthopedic implant materials must have a good biological activity and possess appropriate mechanical property that correspond to those of human bone. Although polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has displayed a promising application prospect in musculoskeletal and dentistry reconstruction thanks to its non-biodegradability and good biocompatibility in the body, the poor osseointegration and insufficient mechanical strength have significantly limited its application in the repair of load-bearing bones and surgical operations. In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNT)/calcium silicate (CS)/polyetheretherketone ternary composites were fabricated for the first time. The addition of CS was mainly aimed at improving biological activities and surface hydrophilicity, but it inevitably compromised the mechanical strength of PEEK. CNT can reinforce the composites even when brittle CS was introduced and further upgraded the biocompatibility of PEEK. The CNT/CS/PEEK composites exhibited higher mechanical strengths in tensile and bending tests, 64% and 90% higher than those of brittle CS/PEEK binary composites. Besides, after incorporation of CNT and CS into PEEK, the hydrophilicity, surface roughness and ability to induce apatite-layer deposition were significantly enhanced. More importantly, the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryo osteoblasts were effectively promoted on CNT/CS/PEEK composites. In contrast to PEEK, these composites exhibited a more satisfactory biocompatibility and osteoinductive activity. Overall, these results demonstrate that ternary CNT/CS/PEEK composites have the potential to serve as a feasible substitute to conventional metal alloys in musculoskeletal regeneration and orthopedic implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Cao
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuhao Yang
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijun Liao
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian He
- College of Basic Medical and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chengdong Xiong
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Shi
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xulin Hu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Yuan J, Guo L, Wang J, Zhou Z, Wu C. α-parvin controls chondrocyte column formation and regulates long bone development. Bone Res 2023; 11:46. [PMID: 37607905 PMCID: PMC10444880 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Endochondral ossification requires proper control of chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation, survival, and organization. Here we show that knockout of α-parvin, an integrin-associated focal adhesion protein, from murine limbs causes defects in endochondral ossification and dwarfism. The mutant long bones were shorter but wider, and the growth plates became disorganized, especially in the proliferative zone. With two-photon time-lapse imaging of bone explant culture, we provide direct evidence showing that α-parvin regulates chondrocyte rotation, a process essential for chondrocytes to form columnar structure. Furthermore, loss of α-parvin increased binucleation, elevated cell death, and caused dilation of the resting zones of mature growth plates. Single-cell RNA-seq analyses revealed alterations of transcriptome in all three zones (i.e., resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic zones) of the growth plates. Our results demonstrate a crucial role of α-parvin in long bone development and shed light on the cellular mechanism through which α-parvin regulates the longitudinal growth of long bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifan Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Precision Medicine for Cancers, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Precision Medicine for Cancers, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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5
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Polisetti N, Martin G, Cristina Schmitz HR, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Schlunck G, Reinhard T. Characterization of Porcine Ocular Surface Epithelial Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087543. [PMID: 37108705 PMCID: PMC10145510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The porcine ocular surface is used as a model of the human ocular surface; however, a detailed characterization of the porcine ocular surface has not been documented. This is due, in part, to the scarcity of antibodies produced specifically against the porcine ocular surface cell types or structures. We performed a histological and immunohistochemical investigation on frozen and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ocular surface tissue from domestic pigs using a panel of 41 different antibodies related to epithelial progenitor/differentiation phenotypes, extracellular matrix and associated molecules, and various niche cell types. Our observations suggested that the Bowman's layer is not evident in the cornea; the deep invaginations of the limbal epithelium in the limbal zone are analogous to the limbal interpalisade crypts of human limbal tissue; and the presence of goblet cells in the bulbar conjunctiva. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the epithelial progenitor markers cytokeratin (CK)15, CK14, p63α, and P-cadherin were expressed in both the limbal and conjunctival basal epithelium, whereas the basal cells of the limbal and conjunctival epithelium did not stain for CK3, CK12, E-cadherin, and CK13. Antibodies detecting marker proteins related to the extracellular matrix (collagen IV, Tenascin-C), cell-matrix adhesion (β-dystroglycan, integrin α3 and α6), mesenchymal cells (vimentin, CD90, CD44), neurons (neurofilament), immune cells (HLA-ABC; HLA-DR, CD1, CD4, CD14), vasculature (von Willebrand factor), and melanocytes (SRY-homeobox-10, human melanoma black-45, Tyrosinase) on the normal human ocular surface demonstrated similar immunoreactivity on the normal porcine ocular surface. Only a few antibodies (directed against N-cadherin, fibronectin, agrin, laminin α3 and α5, melan-A) appeared unreactive on porcine tissues. Our findings characterize the main immunohistochemical properties of the porcine ocular surface and provide a morphological and immunohistochemical basis useful to research using porcine models. Furthermore, the analyzed porcine ocular structures are similar to those of humans, confirming the potential usefulness of pig eyes to study ocular surface physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Polisetti
- Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gottfried Martin
- Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heidi R Cristina Schmitz
- CEMT-Freiburg, Experimental Surgery, Hospital-Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Günther Schlunck
- Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Reinhard
- Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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6
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Xu W, Gao L, Li W, Wang J, Yue Y, Li X. The adaptation of bovine embryonic stem cells to the changes of feeder layers. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:85-99. [PMID: 36847888 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Although the feeder-free culture system has been established, the microenvironment provided by the feeder cells still possesses a unique advantage in maintaining the long-term stability and the rapid proliferation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). The aim of this study is to discover the adaptive ability of PSCs upon changes of feeder layers. In this study, the morphology, pluripotent marker expression, differentiation ability of bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs) cultured on low-density, or methanol fixed mouse embryonic fibroblasts were examined by immunofluorescent staining, Western blotting, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and RNA-seq. The results showed that the changes of feeder layers did not induce the rapid differentiation of bESCs, while resulting in the differentiation initiation and alteration of pluripotent state of bESCs. More importantly, the expression of endogenous growth factors and extracellular matrix were increased, and the expression of cell adhesion molecules was altered, which indicated that bESCs may compensate some functions of the feeder layers upon its changes. This study shows the PSCs have the self-adaptive ability responded to the feeder layer alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingna Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongli Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Rincón-Ortega L, Valencia-Expósito A, Kabanova A, González-Reyes A, Martin-Bermudo MD. Integrins control epithelial stem cell proliferation in the Drosophila ovary by modulating the Notch pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1114458. [PMID: 36926523 PMCID: PMC10011466 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1114458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell proliferation and differentiation show a remarkable inverse relationship. The temporal coupling between cell cycle withdrawal and differentiation of stem cells (SCs) is crucial for epithelial tissue growth, homeostasis and regeneration. Proliferation vs. differentiation SC decisions are often controlled by the surrounding microenvironment, of which the basement membrane (BM; a specialized form of extracellular matrix surrounding cells and tissues), is one of its main constituents. Years of research have shown that integrin-mediated SC-BM interactions regulate many aspects of SC biology, including the proliferation-to-differentiation switch. However, these studies have also demonstrated that the SC responses to interactions with the BM are extremely diverse and depend on the cell type and state and on the repertoire of BM components and integrins involved. Here, we show that eliminating integrins from the follicle stem cells (FSCs) of the Drosophila ovary and their undifferentiated progeny increases their proliferation capacity. This results in an excess of various differentiated follicle cell types, demonstrating that cell fate determination can occur in the absence of integrins. Because these phenotypes are similar to those found in ovaries with decreased laminin levels, our results point to a role for the integrin-mediated cell-BM interactions in the control of epithelial cell division and subsequent differentiation. Finally, we show that integrins regulate proliferation by restraining the activity of the Notch/Delta pathway during early oogenesis. Our work increases our knowledge of the effects of cell-BM interactions in different SC types and should help improve our understanding of the biology of SCs and exploit their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Rincón-Ortega
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide/JA, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Anna Kabanova
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide/JA, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Acaimo González-Reyes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide/JA, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maria D Martin-Bermudo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide/JA, Sevilla, Spain
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Wang H, Dai GC, Li YJ, Chen MH, Lu PP, Zhang YW, -Zhang M, Cao MM, Rui YF. Targeting Senescent Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells to Prevent or Treat Age-Related Tendon Disorders. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 19:680-693. [PMID: 36520409 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Age-related tendon disorder, a primary motor system disease, is characterized by biological changes in the tendon tissue due to senescence and seriously affects the quality of life of the elderly. The pathogenesis of this disease is not well-understood. Tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) exhibit multi-differentiation capacity. These cells are important cellular components of the tendon because of their roles in tendon tissue homeostasis, remodeling, and repair. Previous studies revealed alterations in the biological characteristics and tenogenic differentiation potential of TSPCs in senescent tendon tissue, in turn contributing to insufficient differentiation of TSPCs into tenocytes. Poor tendon repair can result in age-related tendinopathies. Therefore, targeting of senescent TSPCs may restore the tenogenic differentiation potential of these cells and achieve homeostasis of the tendon tissue to prevent or treat age-related tendinopathy. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics of TSPCs and histopathological changes in age-related tendinopathy, as well as the potential mechanisms through which TSPCs contribute to senescence. This information may promote further exploration of innovative treatment strategies to rescue TSPCs from senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guang-Chun Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ying-Juan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Min-Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ming -Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mu-Min Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yun-Feng Rui
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
- Trauma Center, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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9
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Ren Y, Liu J, Xu H, Wang S, Li S, Xiang M, Chen S. Knockout of integrin β1 in induced pluripotent stem cells accelerates skin-wound healing by promoting cell migration in extracellular matrix. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:389. [PMID: 35908001 PMCID: PMC9338467 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03085-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the potential to promote wound healing; however, their adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) might decrease iPSC migration, thereby limiting their therapeutic potential. Integrin β1 (Itgb1) is the major integrin subunit that mediates iPSC-ECM adhesion, suggesting that knocking out Itgb1 might be an effective method for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of iPSCs. Methods We knocked out Itgb1 in mouse iPSCs and evaluated its effects on the therapeutic potential of topically applied iPSCs, as well as their underlying in vivo and in vitro mechanisms. Results The Itgb1-knockout (Itgb1-KO) did not change iPSC pluripotency, function, or survival in the absence of embedding in an ECM gel but did accelerate wound healing, angiogenesis, blood perfusion, and survival in skin-wound lesions. However, embedding in an ECM gel inhibited the in vivo effects of wild-type iPSCs but not those of Itgb1-knockout iPSCs. Additionally, in vitro results showed that Itgb1-knockout decreased iPSC-ECM adhesion while increasing ECM-crossing migration. Moreover, ECM coating on the culture surface did not change cell survival, regardless of Itgb1 status; however, the in vivo and in vitro functions of both Itgb1-knockout and wild-type iPSCs were not affected by the presence of agarose gel, which does not contain integrin-binding sites. Knockout of Integrin α4 (Itga4) did not change the above-mentioned cellular and therapeutic functions of iPSCs. Conclusions Itgb1-knockout increased iPSCs migration and the wound-healing-promoting effect of topically applied iPSCs. These findings suggest the inhibition of Itgb1 expression is a possible strategy for increasing the efficacy of iPSC therapies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03085-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Ren
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shirui Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Sifeng Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Zhang X, van Rijt S. DNA modified MSN-films as versatile biointerfaces to study stem cell adhesion processes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 215:112495. [PMID: 35429737 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A significant bottleneck in the clinical translation of stem cells remains eliciting the desired stem cell behavior once transplanted in the body. In their natural environment, stem cell fate is regulated by their interaction with extracellular matrix (ECM), mainly through integrin-mediated cell adhesion. 2D biointerfaces that selectively present ECM-derived ligands can be used as valuable tools to study and improve our understanding on how stem cells interact with their environment. Here we developed a new type of biointerface based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) which are interesting nanomaterials for biointerface engineering because they allow close control over surface physiochemical properties. To create the platform, DNA functionalized MSN (MSN-ssDNA) with varying PEG linker length were developed. Cell adhesion tripeptide RGD was conjugated to a complementary DNA strand, which could specifically bind to MSN-ssDNA to create MSN-dsDNA-RGD films. We showed that MSN-dsDNA-RGD films could promote hMSCs adhesion and spreading, whereas MSN-dsDNA films without RGD resulted in poor cell spreading with round morphology, and low cell adhesion. In addition, we showed that cell adhesion to the films is PEG length-dependent. The design of the platform allows easy incorporation of other and multiple ECM ligands, as well as soluble cues, making MSN-ssDNA based biointerfaces a novel tool to study ligand-stem cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhen Zhang
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine van Rijt
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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11
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Kumar VE, Nambiar R, De Souza C, Nguyen A, Chien J, Lam KS. Targeting Epigenetic Modifiers of Tumor Plasticity and Cancer Stem Cell Behavior. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091403. [PMID: 35563709 PMCID: PMC9102449 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity poses one of the greatest challenges to a successful treatment of cancer. Tumor cell populations consist of different subpopulations that have distinct phenotypic and genotypic profiles. Such variability poses a challenge in successfully targeting all tumor subpopulations at the same time. Relapse after treatment has been previously explained using the cancer stem cell model and the clonal evolution model. Cancer stem cells are an important subpopulation of tumor cells that regulate tumor plasticity and determine therapeutic resistance. Tumor plasticity is controlled by genetic and epigenetic changes of crucial genes involved in cancer cell survival, growth and metastasis. Targeting epigenetic modulators associated with cancer stem cell survival can unlock a promising therapeutic approach in completely eradicating cancer. Here, we review various factors governing epigenetic dysregulation of cancer stem cells ranging from the role of epigenetic mediators such as histone and DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, histone methyltransferases to various signaling pathways associated with cancer stem cell regulation. We also discuss current treatment regimens targeting these factors and other promising inhibitors in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vigneshwari Easwar Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (V.E.K.); (R.N.); (C.D.S.); (A.N.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Roshni Nambiar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (V.E.K.); (R.N.); (C.D.S.); (A.N.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Cristabelle De Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (V.E.K.); (R.N.); (C.D.S.); (A.N.); (K.S.L.)
- Department of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Audrey Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (V.E.K.); (R.N.); (C.D.S.); (A.N.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Jeremy Chien
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (V.E.K.); (R.N.); (C.D.S.); (A.N.); (K.S.L.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Kit S. Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (V.E.K.); (R.N.); (C.D.S.); (A.N.); (K.S.L.)
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12
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Transcriptome Profile of Membrane and Extracellular Matrix Components in Ligament-Fibroblastic Progenitors and Cementoblasts Differentiated from Human Periodontal Ligament Cells. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040659. [PMID: 35456465 PMCID: PMC9031187 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ligament-fibroblastic cells and cementoblasts, two types of progenitor cells that differentiate from periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), are responsible for the formation of the adhesive tissues in the tooth root. Since one of the factors that determines the fate of stem cell differentiation is the change in the microenvironment of the stem/progenitor cells, this study attempted to compare and analyze the molecular differences in the membrane and ECM of the two progenitor cells. Single cells derived from hPDLSCs were treated with TGF-β1 and BMP7 to obtain ligament-fibroblastic and cementoblastic cells, respectively. The transcriptome profiles of three independent replicates of each progenitor were evaluated using next-generation sequencing. The representative differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were verified by qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Among a total of 2245 DEGs identified, 142 and 114 DEGs related to ECM and cell membrane molecules were upregulated in ligament-fibroblastic and cementoblast-like cells, respectively. The major types of integrin and cadherin were found to be different between the two progenitor cells. In addition, the representative core proteins for each glycosaminoglycan-specific proteoglycan class were different between the two progenitors. This study provides a detailed understanding of cell–cell and cell–ECM interactions through the specific components of the membrane and ECM for ligament-fibroblastic and cementoblastic differentiation of hPDLSCs.
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13
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Yang M, Zhang ZC, Liu Y, Chen YR, Deng RH, Zhang ZN, Yu JK, Yuan FZ. Function and Mechanism of RGD in Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:773636. [PMID: 34976971 PMCID: PMC8714999 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.773636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone and cartilage injury is common, tissue engineered scaffolds are potential means to repair. Because most of the scaffold materials used in bone and cartilage tissue engineering are bio-inert, it is necessary to increase the cellular adhesion ability of during tissue engineering reconstruction. The Arginine - Glycine - Aspartic acid (Arg-Gly-Asp, RGD) peptide family is considered as a specific recognition site for the integrin receptors. Integrin receptors are key regulators of cell-cell and cell-extracellular microenvironment communication. Therefore, the RGD polypeptide families are considered as suitable candidates for treatment of a variety of diseases and for the regeneration of various tissues and organs. Many scaffold material for tissue engineering and has been approved by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human using. The application of RGD peptides in bone and cartilage tissue engineering was reported seldom. Only a few reviews have summarized the applications of RGD peptide with alloy, bone cements, and PCL in bone tissue engineering. Herein, we summarize the application progress of RGD in bone and cartilage tissue engineering, discuss the effects of structure, sequence, concentration, mechanical stimulation, physicochemical stimulation, and time stimulation of RGD peptide on cells differentiation, and introduce the mechanism of RGD peptide through integrin in the field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Sports Medicine Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zheng-Chu Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Sports Medicine Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - You-Rong Chen
- Sports Medicine Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Hui Deng
- Sports Medicine Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Ning Zhang
- Sports Medicine Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Kuo Yu
- Sports Medicine Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fu-Zhen Yuan
- Sports Medicine Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
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14
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Ramos-Rodriguez DH, MacNeil S, Claeyssens F, Ortega Asencio I. Delivery of Bioactive Compounds to Improve Skin Cell Responses on Microfabricated Electrospun Microenvironments. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:105. [PMID: 34436108 PMCID: PMC8389211 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8080105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of microtopographies within biomaterial devices is a promising approach that allows one to replicate to a degree the complex native environment in which human cells reside. Previously, our group showed that by combining electrospun fibers and additive manufacturing it is possible to replicate to an extent the stem cell microenvironment (rete ridges) located between the epidermal and dermal layers. Our group has also explored the use of novel proangiogenic compounds to improve the vascularization of skin constructs. Here, we combine our previous approaches to fabricate innovative polycaprolactone fibrous microtopographical scaffolds loaded with bioactive compounds (2-deoxy-D-ribose, 17β-estradiol, and aloe vera). Metabolic activity assay showed that microstructured scaffolds can be used to deliver bioactive agents and that the chemical relation between the working compound and the electrospinning solution is critical to replicate as much as possible the targeted morphologies. We also reported that human skin cell lines have a dose-dependent response to the bioactive compounds and that their inclusion has the potential to improve cell activity, induce blood vessel formation and alter the expression of relevant epithelial markers (collagen IV and integrin β1). In summary, we have developed fibrous matrixes containing synthetic rete-ridge-like structures that can deliver key bioactive compounds that can enhance skin regeneration and ultimately aid in the development of a complex wound healing device.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Ramos-Rodriguez
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK;
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (S.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (S.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Frederik Claeyssens
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (S.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Ilida Ortega Asencio
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK;
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15
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Stanzani E, Pedrosa L, Bourmeau G, Anezo O, Noguera-Castells A, Esteve-Codina A, Passoni L, Matteoli M, de la Iglesia N, Seano G, Martínez-Soler F, Tortosa A. Dual Role of Integrin Alpha-6 in Glioblastoma: Supporting Stemness in Proneural Stem-Like Cells While Inducing Radioresistance in Mesenchymal Stem-Like Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123055. [PMID: 34205341 PMCID: PMC8235627 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) are responsible for most of the malignant characteristics of glioblastoma, including therapeutic resistance, tumour recurrence, and tumour cellular heterogeneity. Therefore, increased understanding of the mechanisms regulating GSCs aggressiveness may help to improve patients’ outcomes. Here, we investigated the role of integrin a6 in controlling stemness and resistance to radiotherapy across proneural and mesenchymal molecular subtypes. We observed that integrin a6 had a clear role in stemness maintenance in proneural but not in mesenchymal GSCs. In addition, we proved a crucial role of integrin a6 in supporting mesenchymal GSCs resistance to ionizing radiation. Finally, we highlighted that integrin a6 may control different stem-associated features in GSCs, depending on the molecular subtype. The inhibition of integrin a6 limits stem-like malignant characteristics in both GSCs subtypes and thus may potentially control tumour relapse following conventional treatment. Abstract Therapeutic resistance after multimodal therapy is the most relevant cause of glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence. Extensive cellular heterogeneity, mainly driven by the presence of GBM stem-like cells (GSCs), strongly correlates with patients’ prognosis and limited response to therapies. Defining the mechanisms that drive stemness and control responsiveness to therapy in a GSC-specific manner is therefore essential. Here we investigated the role of integrin a6 (ITGA6) in controlling stemness and resistance to radiotherapy in proneural and mesenchymal GSCs subtypes. Using cell sorting, gene silencing, RNA-Seq, and in vitro assays, we verified that ITGA6 expression seems crucial for proliferation and stemness of proneural GSCs, while it appears not to be relevant in mesenchymal GSCs under basal conditions. However, when challenged with a fractionated protocol of radiation therapy, comparable to that used in the clinical setting, mesenchymal GSCs were dependent on integrin a6 for survival. Specifically, GSCs with reduced levels of ITGA6 displayed a clear reduction of DNA damage response and perturbation of cell cycle pathways. These data indicate that ITGA6 inhibition is able to overcome the radioresistance of mesenchymal GSCs, while it reduces proliferation and stemness in proneural GSCs. Therefore, integrin a6 controls crucial characteristics across GBM subtypes in GBM heterogeneous biology and thus may represent a promising target to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Stanzani
- Apoptosis and Cancer Unit, Department of Physiological Sciences, IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain;
- Correspondence: or (E.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Leire Pedrosa
- Haematology and Oncology Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.); (N.d.l.I.)
| | - Guillaume Bourmeau
- Tumor Microenvironment Lab., Institut Curie, Université PSL, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; (G.B.); (O.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Oceane Anezo
- Tumor Microenvironment Lab., Institut Curie, Université PSL, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; (G.B.); (O.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Aleix Noguera-Castells
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Departament of Medicine, CELLEX Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- Functional Genomics, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CNAG-CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Passoni
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Michela Matteoli
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, c/o Humanitas, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Núria de la Iglesia
- Haematology and Oncology Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.); (N.d.l.I.)
| | - Giorgio Seano
- Tumor Microenvironment Lab., Institut Curie, Université PSL, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; (G.B.); (O.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Fina Martínez-Soler
- Apoptosis and Cancer Unit, Department of Physiological Sciences, IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain;
- Department of Basic Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Avelina Tortosa
- Apoptosis and Cancer Unit, Department of Physiological Sciences, IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain;
- Department of Basic Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Correspondence: or (E.S.); (A.T.)
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16
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Ramos-Rodriguez DH, MacNeil S, Claeyssens F, Ortega Asencio I. Fabrication of Topographically Controlled Electrospun Scaffolds to Mimic the Stem Cell Microenvironment in the Dermal-Epidermal Junction. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2803-2813. [PMID: 33905240 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of microfabrication techniques for the development of innovative constructs for tissue regeneration is a growing area of research. This area comprises both manufacturing and biological approaches for the development of smart materials aiming to control and direct cell behavior to enhance tissue healing. Many groups have focused their efforts on introducing complexity within these innovative constructs via the inclusion of nano- and microtopographical cues mimicking physical and biological aspects of the native stem cell niche. Specifically, in the area of skin tissue engineering, seminal work has reported replicating the microenvironments located in the dermal-epithelial junction, which are known as rete ridges. The rete ridges are key for both stem cell control and the physiological performance of the skin. In this work, we have introduced complexity within electrospun membranes to mimic the morphology of the rete ridges in the skin. We designed and tested three different patterns, characterized them, and explored their performance in vitro, using 3D skin models. One of the studied patterns (pattern B) was shown to aid in the development of an in vitro rite-ridgelike skin model that resulted in the expression of relevant epithelial markers such as collagen IV and integrin β1. In summary, we have developed a new skin model including synthetic rete-ridgelike structures that replicate both morphology and function of the native dermal-epidermal junction and that offer new insights for the development of smart skin tissue engineering constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Ramos-Rodriguez
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, U.K
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, U.K
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, U.K
| | - Frederik Claeyssens
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, U.K
| | - Ilida Ortega Asencio
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, U.K
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17
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Riker KD, Daly ML, Papanikolas MJ, Jian T, Klawa SJ, Shin Sahin JYS, Liu D, Singh A, Miller AG, Freeman R. A Programmable Toolkit to Dynamically Signal Cells Using Peptide Strand Displacement. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21018-21029. [PMID: 33938725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The native extracellular matrix communicates and interacts with cells by dynamically displaying signals to control their behavior. Mimicking this dynamic environment in vitro is essential in order to unravel how cell-matrix interactions guide cell fate. Here, we present a synthetic platform for the temporal display of cell-adhesive signals using coiled-coil peptides. By designing an integrin-engaging coiled-coil pair to have a toehold (unpaired domain), we were able to use a peptide strand displacement reaction to remove the cell cue from the surface. This allowed us to test how the user-defined display of RGDS ligands at variable duration and periodicity of ligand exposure influence cell spreading degree and kinetics. Transient display of αVβ3-selective ligands instructed fibroblast cells to reversibly spread and contract in response to changes in ligand exposure over multiple cycles, exhibiting a universal kinetic response. Also, cells that were triggered to spread and contract repeatedly exhibited greater enrichment of integrins in focal adhesions versus cells cultured on persistent RGDS-displaying surfaces. This dynamic platform will allow us to uncover the molecular code by which cells sense and respond to changes in their environment and will provide insights into ways to program cellular behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Riker
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Margaret L Daly
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Micah J Papanikolas
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Tengyue Jian
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Stephen J Klawa
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jacqueline Yalin S Shin Sahin
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Dingyuan Liu
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Anamika Singh
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - A Griffin Miller
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ronit Freeman
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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18
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Ramos-Rodriguez DH, MacNeil S, Claeyssens F, Asencio IO. The Use of Microfabrication Techniques for the Design and Manufacture of Artificial Stem Cell Microenvironments for Tissue Regeneration. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:50. [PMID: 33922428 PMCID: PMC8146165 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8050050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The recapitulation of the stem cell microenvironment is an emerging area of research that has grown significantly in the last 10 to 15 years. Being able to understand the underlying mechanisms that relate stem cell behavior to the physical environment in which stem cells reside is currently a challenge that many groups are trying to unravel. Several approaches have attempted to mimic the biological components that constitute the native stem cell niche, however, this is a very intricate environment and, although promising advances have been made recently, it becomes clear that new strategies need to be explored to ensure a better understanding of the stem cell niche behavior. The second strand in stem cell niche research focuses on the use of manufacturing techniques to build simple but functional models; these models aim to mimic the physical features of the niche environment which have also been demonstrated to play a big role in directing cell responses. This second strand has involved a more engineering approach in which a wide set of microfabrication techniques have been explored in detail. This review aims to summarize the use of these microfabrication techniques and how they have approached the challenge of mimicking the native stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Ramos-Rodriguez
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK;
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (S.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (S.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Frederik Claeyssens
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (S.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Ilida Ortega Asencio
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK;
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19
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Ferguson M, Petkau K, Shin M, Galenza A, Fast D, Foley E. Differential effects of commensal bacteria on progenitor cell adhesion, division symmetry and tumorigenesis in the Drosophila intestine. Development 2021; 148:dev.186106. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.186106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Microbial factors influence homeostatic and oncogenic growth in the intestinal epithelium. However, we know little about immediate effects of commensal bacteria on stem cell division programs. In this study, we examined the effects of commensal Lactobacillus species on homeostatic and tumorigenic stem cell proliferation in the female Drosophila intestine. We identified Lactobacillus brevis as a potent stimulator of stem cell divisions. In a wild-type midgut, L.brevis activates growth regulatory pathways that drive stem cell divisions. In a Notch-deficient background, L.brevis-mediated proliferation causes rapid expansion of mutant progenitors, leading to accumulation of large, multi-layered tumors throughout the midgut. Mechanistically, we showed that L.brevis disrupts expression and subcellular distribution of progenitor cell integrins, supporting symmetric divisions that expand intestinal stem cell populations. Collectively, our data emphasize the impact of commensal microbes on division and maintenance of the intestinal progenitor compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Ferguson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Kristina Petkau
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Minjeong Shin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Anthony Galenza
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - David Fast
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Edan Foley
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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20
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Graminha AE, Honorato J, Correa RS, Cominetti MR, Menezes ACS, Batista AA. A novel ruthenium(ii) gallic acid complex disrupts the actin cytoskeleton and inhibits migration, invasion and adhesion of triple negative breast tumor cells. Dalton Trans 2020; 50:323-335. [PMID: 33305766 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03490h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the synthesis of three new ruthenium(ii) complexes with gallic acid and derivatives of the general formula [Ru(L)(dppb)(bipy)]PF6, where L = gallate (GAC), benzoate (BAC), and esterified-gallate (EGA), bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine and dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, NMR, cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, and two of them by X-ray crystallography. Cell viability assays show promising results, indicating higher cytotoxicity of the complexes in MDA-MB-231 cells, a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, compared with the hormone-dependent MCF-7 cell line. Studies in vitro with the MDA-MB-231 cell line showed that only Ru(BAC) and Ru(GAC) interacted with BSA. Besides that, the Ru(GAC) complex, which has a polyphenolic acid, interacted in an apo-Tf structure and function dependent manner and it was able to inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species. Ru(GAC) was able to cause damage to the cellular cytoskeleton leading to inhibition of some cellular processes of TNBC cells, such as invasion, migration, and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica E Graminha
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luís Km 235, CP 676, 13561-901, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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21
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Ma GL, Qiao ZL, He D, Wang J, Kong YY, Xin XY, Wen FQ, Bao SJ, Ma ZR, Wang FS, Xie J, Hu YH. Establishment of a low-tumorigenic MDCK cell line and study of differential molecular networks. Biologicals 2020; 68:112-121. [PMID: 32928630 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by the influenza virus, and vaccination against influenza is considered the best way to prevent the onset and spread. MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cells are typically used to isolate the influenza virus, however, their high tumorigenicity is the main controversy in the production of influenza vaccines. Here, MDCK-C09 and MDCK-C35 monoclonal cell lines were established, which were proven to be low in tumorigenicity. RNA-seq of MDCK-C09, MDCK-C35, and MDCK-W73 cells was performed to investigate the putative tumorigenicity mechanisms. Tumor-related molecular interaction analysis of the differentially expressed genes indicates that hub genes, such as CUL3 and EGFR, may play essential roles in tumorigenicity differences between MDCK-C (MDCK-C09 and MDCK-C35) and MDCK-W (MDCK-W73) cells. Moreover, the analysis of cell proliferation regulation-associated molecular interaction shows that downregulated JUN and MYC, for instance, mediate increased proliferation of these cells. The present study provides a new low-tumorigenic MDCK cell line and describes the potential molecular mechanism for the low tumorigenicity and high proliferation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Lan Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China; Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
| | - Zi-Lin Qiao
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
| | - Dan He
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
| | - Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Kong
- Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao-Yong Xin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
| | - Feng-Qin Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
| | - Shi-Jun Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
| | - Zhong-Ren Ma
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
| | - Fu-Shuai Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiang Xie
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong-Hao Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
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22
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Khadilkar RJ, Ho KYL, Venkatesh B, Tanentzapf G. Integrins Modulate Extracellular Matrix Organization to Control Cell Signaling during Hematopoiesis. Curr Biol 2020; 30:3316-3329.e5. [PMID: 32649911 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
During hematopoiesis, progenitor cells receive and interpret a diverse array of regulatory signals from their environment. These signals control the maintenance of the progenitors and regulate the production of mature blood cells. Integrins are well known in vertebrates for their roles in hematopoiesis, particularly in assisting in the migration to, as well as the physical attachment of, progenitors to the niche. However, whether and how integrins are also involved in the signaling mechanisms that control hematopoiesis remains to be resolved. Here, we show that integrins play a key role during fly hematopoiesis in regulating cell signals that control the behavior of hematopoietic progenitors. Integrins can regulate hematopoiesis directly, via focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling, and indirectly, by directing extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly and/or maintenance. ECM organization and density controls blood progenitor behavior by modulating multiple signaling pathways, including bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Hedgehog (Hh). Furthermore, we show that integrins and the ECM are reduced following infection, which may assist in activating the immune response. Our results provide mechanistic insight into how integrins can shape the signaling environment around hematopoietic progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan J Khadilkar
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kevin Y L Ho
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Bhavya Venkatesh
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Guy Tanentzapf
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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23
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Derecka M, Herman JS, Cauchy P, Ramamoorthy S, Lupar E, Grün D, Grosschedl R. EBF1-deficient bone marrow stroma elicits persistent changes in HSC potential. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:261-273. [PMID: 32066955 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is essential for hematopoietic homeostasis and lineage output. Here, we investigate how transcriptional changes in bone marrow (BM) MSCs result in long-lasting effects on HSCs. Single-cell analysis of Cxcl12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells and PDGFRα+Sca1+ (PαS) cells revealed an extensive cellular heterogeneity but uniform expression of the transcription factor gene Ebf1. Conditional deletion of Ebf1 in these MSCs altered their cellular composition, chromatin structure and gene expression profiles, including the reduced expression of adhesion-related genes. Functionally, the stromal-specific Ebf1 inactivation results in impaired adhesion of HSCs, leading to reduced quiescence and diminished myeloid output. Most notably, HSCs residing in the Ebf1-deficient niche underwent changes in their cellular composition and chromatin structure that persist in serial transplantations. Thus, genetic alterations in the BM niche lead to long-term functional changes of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Derecka
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Josip Stefan Herman
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pierre Cauchy
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Ekaterina Lupar
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominic Grün
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.,Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Grosschedl
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
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24
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Xiong S, Xu Y, Wang Y, Kumar A, Peters DM, Du Y. α5β1 Integrin Promotes Anchoring and Integration of Transplanted Stem Cells to the Trabecular Meshwork in the Eye for Regeneration. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:290-300. [PMID: 31854234 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy to restore the function of abnormal trabecular meshwork (TM) and decrease intraocular pressure (IOP) provides a novel approach to treat open-angle glaucoma. However, molecular mechanism for stem cells homing and anchoring to the TM remains unclear. This study aimed to discover the function of integrins in homing and integration of exogenous TM stem cells (TMSCs) to the TM. Integrin expression in TMSCs and fibroblasts was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), flow cytometry, immunofluorescent staining, and western blotting. Expression of integrin ligand fibronectin was detected in cultured TM cells and murine TM tissue by immunostaining. Cell affinity to TM cells or fibronectin matrix was examined to compare TMSCs with TMSCs functionally blocked with an α5β1 integrin antibody. TMSCs and TMSCs with α5β1 integrin-blocking were intracamerally injected into wild-type mice. Wholemounts and cryosections were analyzed to discover cell distribution and integration at 3 days and 1 month. IOP was measured to detect possible changes. We discovered that human TMSCs expressed a higher level of α5β1 integrin than fibroblasts, but similar levels of αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin. Upregulation of fibronectin was found in both TM cells treated with dexamethasone for 14 days and murine TM tissues damaged by laser photocoagulation. TMSCs were able to attach to the TM cells and fibronectin matrix in vitro. When the surface α5β1 integrin was blocked, the attached cell numbers were significantly reduced. Both TMSCs and TMSCs incubated with an α5β1 integrin-blocking antibody could home to the mouse TM after injection. TMSCs blocked with the α5β1 integrin-blocking antibody were not retained in the TM tissue at 1 month. The injected cells did not affect mouse IOP. In conclusion, highly expressed α5β1 integrin participates in maintaining TMSCs anchored and integrated to the TM, which would be crucial for stem cell-based therapy for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Donna M Peters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Yiqin Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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25
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Lui PPY, Wong CM. Biology of Tendon Stem Cells and Tendon in Aging. Front Genet 2020; 10:1338. [PMID: 32010194 PMCID: PMC6976534 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Both tendon injuries and tendinopathies, particularly rotator cuff tears, increase with tendon aging. Tendon stem cells play important roles in promoting tendon growth, maintenance, and repair. Aged tendons show a decline in regenerative potential coupled with a loss of stem cell function. Recent studies draw attention to aging primarily a disorder of stem cells. The micro-environment (“niche”) where stem cells resided in vivo provides signals that direct them to metabolize, self-renew, differentiate, or remain quiescent. These signals include receptors and secreted soluble factors for cell-cell communication, extracellular matrix, oxidative stress, and vascularity. Both intrinsic cellular deficits and aged niche, coupled with age-associated systemic changes of hormonal and metabolic signals can inhibit or alter the functions of tendon stem cells, resulting in reduced fitness of these primitive cells and hence more frequent injuries and poor outcomes of tendon repair. This review aims to summarize the biological changes of aged tendons. The biological changes of tendon stem cells in aging are reviewed after a systematic search of the PubMed. Relevant factors of stem cell aging including cell-intrinsic factors, changes of microenvironment, and age-associated systemic changes of hormonal and metabolic signals are examined, with findings related to tendon stem cells highlighted when literature is available. Future research directions on the aging mechanisms of tendon stem cells are discussed. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the functional decline of aged tendon stem cells would provide insight for the rational design of rejuvenating therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chi Ming Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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26
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Thuveson M, Gaengel K, Collu GM, Chin ML, Singh J, Mlodzik M. Integrins are required for synchronous ommatidial rotation in the Drosophila eye linking planar cell polarity signalling to the extracellular matrix. Open Biol 2019; 9:190148. [PMID: 31409231 PMCID: PMC6731590 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins mediate the anchorage between cells and their environment, the extracellular matrix (ECM), and form transmembrane links between the ECM and the cytoskeleton, a conserved feature throughout development and morphogenesis of epithelial organs. Here, we demonstrate that integrins and components of the ECM are required during the planar cell polarity (PCP) signalling-regulated cell movement of ommatidial rotation in the Drosophila eye. The loss-of-function mutations of integrins or ECM components cause defects in rotation, with mutant clusters rotating asynchronously compared to wild-type clusters. Initially, mutant clusters tend to rotate faster, and at later stages they fail to be synchronous with their neighbours, leading to aberrant rotation angles and resulting in a disorganized ommatidial arrangement in adult eyes. We further demonstrate that integrin localization changes dynamically during the rotation process. Our data suggest that core Frizzled/PCP factors, acting through RhoA and Rho kinase, regulate the function/activity of integrins and that integrins thus contribute to the complex interaction network of PCP signalling, cell adhesion and cytoskeletal elements required for a precise and synchronous 90° rotation movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thuveson
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building 18-92, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Konstantin Gaengel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building 18-92, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory C11, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giovanna M Collu
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building 18-92, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mei-Ling Chin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building 18-92, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jaskirat Singh
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building 18-92, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marek Mlodzik
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building 18-92, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
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27
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Wang G, Li Y, Yang Q, Xu S, Ma S, Yan R, Zhang R, Jia G, Ai D, Yang Q. Gene expression dynamics during the gonocyte to spermatogonia transition and spermatogenesis in the domestic yak. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:64. [PMID: 31338188 PMCID: PMC6624888 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spermatogenesis is a cellular differentiation process that includes three major events: mitosis of spermatogonia, meiosis of spermatocytes and spermiogenesis. Steady-state spermatogenesis relies on functions of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Establishing and maintaining a foundational SSC pool is essential for continued spermatogenesis in mammals. Currently, our knowledge about SSC and spermatogenesis is severely limited in domestic animals. Results In the present study, we examined transcriptomes of testes from domestic yaks at four different stages (3, 5, 8 and 24 months of age) and attempted to identify genes that are associated with key developmental events of spermatogenesis. Histological analyses showed that the most advanced germ cells within seminiferous tubules of testes from 3, 5, 8 and 24 months old yaks were gonocytes, spermatogonia, spermatocytes and elongated spermatids, respectively. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses revealed that 11904, 4381 and 2459 genes were differentially expressed during the gonocyte to spermatogonia transition, the mitosis to meiosis transition and the meiosis to post-meiosis transition. Further analyses identified a list of candidate genes than may regulate these important cellular processes. CXCR4, a previously identified SSC niche factor in mouse, was one of the up-regulated genes in the 5 months old yak testis. Results of immunohistochemical staining confirmed that CXCR4 was exclusively expressed in gonocytes and a subpopulation of spermatogonia in the yak testis. Conclusions Together, these findings demonstrated histological changes of postnatal testis development in the domestic yak. During development of spermatogonial lineage, meiotic and haploid germ cells are supported by dynamic transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Our transcriptomic analyses provided a list of candidate genes that potentially play crucial roles in directing the establishment of SSC and spermatogenesis in yak. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40104-019-0360-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Wang
- 1Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810000 Qinghai China.,2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yongchang Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810000 Qinghai China.,2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Qilin Yang
- 3Department of Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai Vocational and Technical Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Shangrong Xu
- 4Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Shike Ma
- 4Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Rongge Yan
- 1Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810000 Qinghai China.,2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ruina Zhang
- 1Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810000 Qinghai China
| | - Gongxue Jia
- 1Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810000 Qinghai China
| | - Deqiang Ai
- Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station of Qinghai Province, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
| | - Qi'en Yang
- 1Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810000 Qinghai China.,6Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China.,7CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
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28
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Alomari M, Almohazey D, Almofty SA, Khan FA, Al Hamad M, Ababneh D. Role of Lipid Rafts in Hematopoietic Stem Cells Homing, Mobilization, Hibernation, and Differentiation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060630. [PMID: 31234505 PMCID: PMC6627378 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing cells that can differentiate into myeloid or lymphoid cells. The mobilization and differentiation processes are affected by the external environment, such as extracellular matrix and soluble molecules in the niche, where the lipid rafts (LRs) of the HSCs act as the receptors and control platforms for these effectors. LRs are membrane microdomains that are enriched in cholesterol, sphingolipid, and proteins. They are involved in diverse cellular processes including morphogenesis, cytokinesis, signaling, endocytic events, and response to the environment. They are also involved in different types of diseases, such as cancer, Alzheimer's, and prion disease. LR clustering and disruption contribute directly to the differentiation, homing, hibernation, or mobilization of HSCs. Thus, characterization of LR integrity may provide a promising approach to controlling the fate of stem cells for clinical applications. In this review, we show the critical role of LR modification (clustering, disruption, protein incorporation, and signal responding) in deciding the fate of HSCs, under the effect of soluble cytokines such as stem cell factor (SCF), transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β), hematopoietic-specific phospholipase Cβ2 (PLC-β2), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Munther Alomari
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dana Almohazey
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sarah Ameen Almofty
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Firdos Alam Khan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Al Hamad
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Deena Ababneh
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
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29
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Isomursu A, Lerche M, Taskinen ME, Ivaska J, Peuhu E. Integrin signaling and mechanotransduction in regulation of somatic stem cells. Exp Cell Res 2019; 378:217-225. [PMID: 30817927 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Somatic stem cells are characterized by their capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, making them integral for normal tissue homeostasis. Different stem cell functions are strongly affected by the specialized microenvironment surrounding the cells. Consisting of soluble signaling factors, extracellular matrix (ECM) ligands and other cells, but also biomechanical cues such as the viscoelasticity and topography of the ECM, these factors are collectively known as the niche. Cell-ECM interactions are mediated largely by integrins, a class of heterodimeric cell adhesion molecules. Integrins bind their ligands in the extracellular space and associate with the cytoskeleton inside the cell, forming a direct mechanical link between the cells and their surroundings. Indeed, recent findings have highlighted the importance of integrins in translating biophysical cues into changes in cell signaling and function, a multistep process known as mechanotransduction. The mechanical properties of the stem cell niche are important, yet the underlying molecular details of integrin-mediated mechanotransduction in stem cells, especially the roles of the different integrin heterodimers, remain elusive. Here, we introduce the reader to the concept of integrin-mediated mechanotransduction, summarize current knowledge on the role of integrin signaling and mechanotransduction in regulation of somatic stem cell functions, and discuss open questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksi Isomursu
- Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Martina Lerche
- Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Maria E Taskinen
- Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Emilia Peuhu
- Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; FICAN West Cancer Research Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland.
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30
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Halim NSSA, Aizat WM, Yahaya BH. The effect of mesenchymal stem cell-secreted factors on airway epithelial repair. Regen Med 2019; 14:15-31. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secreted factors on airway repair. Materials & methods: An indirect in vitro coculture model of injured airway epithelium explant with MSCs was developed. LC–MS/MS analysis was performed to determine factors secreted by MSCs and their involvement in epithelium repair was evaluated by histopathological assessment. Results: The identification of 54 of MSC proteins of which 44 of them were secretory/extracellular proteins. 43 of the secreted proteins were found to be involved in accelerating airway epithelium repair by stimulating the migratory, proliferative and differentiation abilities of the endogenous repair mechanisms. MSC-secreted proteins also initiated epithelial–mesenchymal transition process during early repair. Conclusion: MSC-secreted factors accelerated airway epithelial repair by stimulating the endogenous reparative and regenerative ability of lung cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur SSA Halim
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Wan M Aizat
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Badrul H Yahaya
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
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31
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Abstract
Cell adhesion is implicated in many physiological settings such as the retention of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in their bone marrow niches or their migration into the bloodstream. During HSC mobilization these adhesion sites are cleaved and have to be newly formed during HSC homing and engraftment. To determine the adhesive properties of HSCs on different extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, we present a microfluidic shear force assay, where a laminar flow is used to detach a semi-adherent cell population, the HSC model cell line KG-1a, from an ECM protein-coated substrate. This technique combines the high throughput of population-based assays with the ability to observe cell detachment in real time. Additionally, it is suitable for weakly adherent cells, as the setup allows cell incubation on various substrates and application of shear stress ranging several orders of magnitude in one setup without additional washing or transfer steps. As a measure for the adhesion strength of the studied cell population on the substrate, the critical shear force τ50 is determined which is required to remove 50% of the initially adherent cell fraction.
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Han SS, Shim HE, Park SJ, Kim BC, Lee DE, Chung HM, Moon SH, Kang SW. Safety and Optimization of Metabolic Labeling of Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Tracking. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13212. [PMID: 30181604 PMCID: PMC6123424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic labeling is one of the most powerful methods to label the live cell for in vitro and in vivo tracking. However, the cellular mechanisms by modified glycosylation due to metabolic agents are not fully understood. Therefore, metabolic labeling has not yet been widely used in EPC tracking and labeling. In this study, cell functional properties such as proliferation, migration and permeability and gene expression patterns of metabolic labeling agent-treated hUCB-EPCs were analyzed to demonstrate cellular effects of metabolic labeling agents. As the results, 10 μM Ac4ManNAz treatment had no effects on cellular function or gene regulations, however, higher concentration of Ac4ManNAz (>20 μM) led to the inhibition of functional properties (proliferation rate, viability and rate of endocytosis) and down-regulation of genes related to cell adhesion, PI3K/AKT, FGF and EGFR signaling pathways. Interestingly, the new blood vessel formation and angiogenic potential of hUCB-EPCs were not affected by Ac4ManNAz concentration. Based on our results, we suggest 10 μM as the optimal concentration of Ac4ManNAz for in vivo hUCB-EPC labeling and tracking. Additionally, we expect that our approach can be used for understanding the efficacy and safety of stem cell-based therapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soo Han
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Shim
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soon-Jung Park
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung-Chul Kim
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sun-Woong Kang
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea.
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
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Heterocellular molecular contacts in the mammalian stem cell niche. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 97:442-461. [PMID: 30025618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult tissue homeostasis and repair relies on prompt and appropriate intervention by tissue-specific adult stem cells (SCs). SCs have the ability to self-renew; upon appropriate stimulation, they proliferate and give rise to specialized cells. An array of environmental signals is important for maintenance of the SC pool and SC survival, behavior, and fate. Within this special microenvironment, commonly known as the stem cell niche (SCN), SC behavior and fate are regulated by soluble molecules and direct molecular contacts via adhesion molecules providing connections to local supporting cells and the extracellular matrix. Besides the extensively discussed array of soluble molecules, the expression of adhesion molecules and molecular contacts is another fundamental mechanism regulating niche occupancy and SC mobilization upon activation. Some adhesion molecules are differentially expressed and have tissue-specific consequences, likely reflecting the structural differences in niche composition and design, especially the presence or absence of a stromal counterpart. However, the distribution and identity of intercellular molecular contacts for adhesion and adhesion-mediated signaling within stromal and non-stromal SCN have not been thoroughly studied. This review highlights common details or significant differences in cell-to-cell contacts within representative stromal and non-stromal niches that could unveil new standpoints for stem cell biology and therapy.
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Zhou Z, Qu J, He L, Peng H, Chen P, Zhou Y. α6-Integrin alternative splicing: distinct cytoplasmic variants in stem cell fate specification and niche interaction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:122. [PMID: 29720266 PMCID: PMC5930856 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
α6-Integrin subunit (also known as CD49f) is a stemness signature that has been found on the plasma membrane of more than 30 stem cell populations. A growing body of studies have focused on the critical role of α6-containing integrins (α6β1 and α6β4) in the regulation of stem cell properties, lineage-specific differentiation, and niche interaction. α6-Integrin subunit can be alternatively spliced at the post-transcriptional level, giving rise to divergent isoforms which differ in the cytoplasmic and/or extracellular domains. The cytoplasmic domain of integrins is an important functional part of integrin-mediated signals. Structural changes in the cytoplasmic domain of α6 provide an efficient means for the regulation of stem cell responses to biochemical stimuli and/or biophysical cues in the stem cell niche, thus impacting stem cell fate determination. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the structural variants of the α6-integrin subunit and spatiotemporal expression of α6 cytoplasmic variants in embryonic and adult stem/progenitor cells. We highlight the roles of α6 cytoplasmic variants in stem cell fate decision and niche interaction, and discuss the potential mechanisms involved. Understanding of the distinct functions of α6 splicing variants in stem cell biology may inform the rational design of novel stem cell-based therapies for a range of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tinsley Harrison Tower 437B, 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tinsley Harrison Tower 437B, 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Li He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tinsley Harrison Tower 437B, 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hong Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Tinsley Harrison Tower 437B, 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Lee CQE, Turco MY, Gardner L, Simons BD, Hemberger M, Moffett A. Integrin α2 marks a niche of trophoblast progenitor cells in first trimester human placenta. Development 2018. [PMID: 29540503 PMCID: PMC6124543 DOI: 10.1242/dev.162305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy the trophoblast cells of the placenta are the only fetal cells in direct contact with maternal blood and decidua. Their functions include transport of nutrients and oxygen, secretion of pregnancy hormones, remodelling of the uterine arteries, and communicating with maternal cells. Despite the importance of trophoblast cells in placental development and successful pregnancy, little is known about the identity, location and differentiation of human trophoblast progenitors. We identify a proliferative trophoblast niche at the base of the cytotrophoblast cell columns in first trimester placentas that is characterised by integrin α2 (ITGA2) expression. Pulse-chase experiments with 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine indicate that these cells might contribute to both villous (VCT) and extravillous (EVT) lineages. These proliferating trophoblast cells can be isolated by flow cytometry using ITGA2 as a marker and express genes from both VCT and EVT. Microarray expression analysis shows that ITAG2+ cells display a unique transcriptional signature, including genes involved in NOTCH signalling, and exhibit a combination of epithelial and mesenchymal characteristics. ITGA2 thus marks a niche allowing the study of pure populations of trophoblast progenitor cells. Summary: ITGA2 marks a proliferative trophoblast progenitor compartment in first trimester human placenta that appears to be regulated by NOTCH signalling and exhibits a unique combination of epithelial and mesenchymal expression characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Q E Lee
- Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.,Centre for Trophoblast Research, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Margherita Y Turco
- Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.,Centre for Trophoblast Research, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Lucy Gardner
- Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.,Centre for Trophoblast Research, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Benjamin D Simons
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.,The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.,Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Myriam Hemberger
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK.,Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Ashley Moffett
- Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK .,Centre for Trophoblast Research, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
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Lunasin is a novel therapeutic agent for targeting melanoma cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84128-84141. [PMID: 27566591 PMCID: PMC5356649 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies provide compelling evidence that melanoma is initiated and maintained by a small population of malignant cells called cancer-initiating cells (CICs) that exhibit stem-cell-like properties. Observations that CICs have a distinct biology when compared to that of the bulk tumor cells and, importantly, are resistant to chemotherapies and radiation, suggest that CICs are involved in invasion, metastasis, and ultimately relapse. Lunasin, a bioactive peptide present in soybean, has both chemopreventive activity and chemotherapeutic activity against multiple cancer types. In this study, we tested the potential of Lunasin to specifically target CICs in melanoma tumor cell populations. In vitro studies using human melanoma cell lines showed that Lunasin treatment decreased the size of a subpopulation of melanoma cells expressing the surrogate CIC marker, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, concomitant with a reduction in the ability to form colonies in soft agar assays, and reduced tumor growth in mouse xenografts. Similarly, Lunasin inhibited colony formation by isolated melanoma CICs in soft agar and reduced oncosphere formation in vitro and substantially inhibited tumor growth in mouse xenografts. Mechanistic studies revealed that Lunasin treatment of isolated melanoma CICs induced expression of the melanocyte-associated differentiation markers Tyrosinase and Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor concomitant with reduced expression of the stemness factor NANOG. These findings document for the first time that Lunasin has significant therapeutic activity against melanoma by specifically targeting melanoma CICs, and inducing a more differentiated, non-CIC phenotype. Thus, Lunasin may represent a novel therapeutic option for both chemoresistant and advanced metastatic melanoma management.
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Overexpression of FOXQ1 enhances anti-senescence and migration effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 373:379-393. [PMID: 29500491 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are unique precursor cells characterized by active self-renewal and differentiation potential. These cells offer the advantages of ease of isolation and limited ethical issues as a resource and represent a promising cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. However, replicative senescence during cell culture as well as low efficiency of cell migration and differentiation after transplantation are major obstacles. In our previous study, we found that FOXQ1 binds directly to the SIRT1 promoter to regulate cellular senescence and also promotes cell proliferation and migration in many tumor cell lines. Currently, little is known about the effects of FOXQ1 on normal somatic cells. Therefore, we examine the effects of FOXQ1 on senescence and migration of MSCs. Lentiviral vector-mediated overexpression of FOXQ1 in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) resulted in enhanced cell proliferation and viability. Furthermore, the expression of proteins and markers positively associated with senescence (p16, p21, p53) was reduced, whereas expression of proteins negatively associated with senescence (SIRT1, PCNA) was promoted. Following transplantation of hUC-MSCs overexpressing FOXQ1 in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease (APPV717I transgenic mice) resulted in amelioration of the effects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on cognitive function and pathological senescence accompanied the increased numbers of hUC-MSCs in the AD brain. In conclusion, FOXQ1 overexpression promotes anti-senescence and migration of hUC-MSCs in vitro and in vivo. These findings also suggest that this strategy may contribute to optimization of the efficiency of stem cell therapy.
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Park MH, Kim MS, Yun JI, Choi JH, Lee E, Lee ST. Integrin Heterodimers Expressed on the Surface of Porcine Spermatogonial Stem Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:253-263. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.4035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Park
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Min Seong Kim
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jung Im Yun
- Division of Animal Resource Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Eunsong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Division of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Reduction of pluripotent gene expression in murine embryonic stem cells exposed to mechanical loading or Cyclo RGD peptide. BMC Cell Biol 2017; 18:32. [PMID: 29137597 PMCID: PMC5686896 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-017-0148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is directed by biological and/or physical cues that regulate multiple signaling cascades. We have previously shown that mESCs seeded in a type I collagen matrix demonstrate a loss of pluripotent marker expression and differentiate towards an osteogenic lineage. In this study, we examined if this effect was mediated in part through Arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD) dependent integrin activity and/or mechano-transduction. Results The results from this study suggest that mESC interaction with the local microenvironment through RGD dependent integrins play a role in the regulation of mESC core transcription factors (TF), Oct-4, Sox 2 and Nanog. Disruption of this interaction with a cyclic RGD peptide (cRGDfC) was sufficient to mimic the effect of a mechanical stimulus in terms of pluripotent gene expression, specifically, we observed that supplementation with cRGDfC, or mechanical stimulus, significantly influenced mESC pluripotency by down-regulating core transcription factors. Moreover, our results indicated that the presence of the cRGDfC peptide inhibited integrin expression and up-regulated early lineage markers (mesoderm and ectoderm) in a Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) dependent manner. When cRGDfC treated mESCs were injected in Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, no tissue growth and/or teratoma formation was observed, suggesting that the process of mESC tumor formation in vivo is potentially dependent on integrin interaction. Conclusions Overall, the disruption of cell-integrin interaction via cRGDfC peptide can mimic the effect of mechanical stimulation on mESC pluripotency gene expression and also inhibit the tumorigenic potential of mESCs in vivo.
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40
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Kardia E, Mohamed R, Yahaya BH. Stimulatory Secretions of Airway Epithelial Cells Accelerate Early Repair of Tracheal Epithelium. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11732. [PMID: 28916766 PMCID: PMC5601923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway stem/progenitor epithelial cells (AECs) are notable for their differentiation capacities in response to lung injury. Our previous finding highlighted the regenerative capacity of AECs following transplantation in repairing tracheal injury and reducing the severity of alveolar damage associated acute lung injury in a rabbit model. The goal of this study is to further investigate the potential of AECs to re-populate the tracheal epithelium and to study their stimulatory effect on inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines, epithelial cell migration and proliferation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process following tracheal injury. Two in vitro culture assays were applied in this study; the direct co-culture assay that involved a culture of decellularised tracheal epithelium explants and AECs in a rotating tube, and indirect co-culture assay that utilized microporous membrane-well chamber system to separate the partially decellularised tracheal epithelium explants and AEC culture. The co-culture assays provided evidence of the stimulatory behaviour of AECs to enhance tracheal epithelial cell proliferation and migration during early wound repair. Factors that were secreted by AECs also markedly suppressed the production of IL-1β and IL-6 and initiated the EMT process during tracheal remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egi Kardia
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Rafeezul Mohamed
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
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Cytotoxicity and anti-tumor effects of new ruthenium complexes on triple negative breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183275. [PMID: 28898246 PMCID: PMC5595280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype. The high rate of metastasis associated to the fact that these cells frequently display multidrug resistance, make the treatment of metastatic disease difficult. Development of antitumor metal-based drugs was started with the discovery of cisplatin, however, the severe side effects represent a limitation for its clinical use. Ruthenium (Ru) complexes with different ligands have been successfully studied as prospective antitumor drugs. In this work, we demonstrated the activity of a series of biphosphine bipyridine Ru complexes (1) [Ru(SO4)(dppb)(bipy)], (2) [Ru(CO3)(dppb)(bipy)], (3) [Ru(C2O4)(dppb)(bipy)] and (4) [Ru(CH3CO2)(dppb)(bipy)]PF6 [where dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane and bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine], on proliferation of TNBC (MDA-MB-231), estrogen-dependent breast tumor cells (MCF-7) and a non-tumor breast cell line (MCF-10A). Complex (4) was most effective among the complexes and was selected to be further investigated on effects on tumor cell adhesion, migration, invasion and in apoptosis. Moreover, DNA and HSA binding properties of this complex were also investigated. Results show that complex (4) was more efficient inhibiting proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells over non-tumor cells. In addition, complex (4) was able to inhibit MDA-MB231 cells adhesion, migration and invasion and to induce apoptosis and inhibit MMP-9 secretion in TNBC cells. Complex (4) should be further investigated in vivo in order to stablish its potential to improve breast cancer treatment.
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Khadilkar RJ, Vogl W, Goodwin K, Tanentzapf G. Modulation of occluding junctions alters the hematopoietic niche to trigger immune activation. eLife 2017; 6:28081. [PMID: 28841136 PMCID: PMC5597334 DOI: 10.7554/elife.28081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are regulated by signals from their microenvironment, or niche. During Drosophila hematopoiesis, a niche regulates prohemocytes to control hemocyte production. Immune challenges activate cell-signalling to initiate the cellular and innate immune response. Specifically, certain immune challenges stimulate the niche to produce signals that induce prohemocyte differentiation. However, the mechanisms that promote prohemocyte differentiation subsequent to immune challenges are poorly understood. Here we show that bacterial infection induces the cellular immune response by modulating occluding-junctions at the hematopoietic niche. Occluding-junctions form a permeability barrier that regulates the accessibility of prohemocytes to niche derived signals. The immune response triggered by infection causes barrier breakdown, altering the prohemocyte microenvironment to induce immune cell production. Moreover, genetically induced barrier ablation provides protection against infection by activating the immune response. Our results reveal a novel role for occluding-junctions in regulating niche-hematopoietic progenitor signalling and link this mechanism to immune cell production following infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan J Khadilkar
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Wayne Vogl
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Katharine Goodwin
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Guy Tanentzapf
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Ex Vivo Expansion of Human Limbal Epithelial Cells Using Human Placenta-Derived and Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:4206187. [PMID: 28894469 PMCID: PMC5574311 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4206187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo culture of human limbal epithelial cells (LECs) is used to treat limbal stem cell (LSC) deficiency, a vision loss condition, and suitable culture systems using feeder cells or serum without animal elements have been developed. This study evaluated the use of human umbilical cord or placenta mesenchymal stem cells (C-MSCs or P-MSCs, resp.) as feeder cells in an animal/serum-free coculture system with human LECs. C-/P-MSCs stimulated LEC colony formation of the stem cell markers (p63, ABCG2) and secreted known LEC clonal growth factors (keratinocyte growth factor, β-nerve growth factor). Transforming growth factor-β-induced protein (TGFBIp), an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, was produced by C-/P-MSCs and resulted in an increase in p63+ ABCG2+ LEC colonies. TGFBIp-activated integrin signaling molecules (FAK, Src, and ERK) were expressed in LECs, and TGFBIp-induced LEC proliferation was effectively blocked by a FAK inhibitor. In conclusion, C-/P-MSCs enhanced LEC culture by increasing growth of the LSC population by secreting growth factors and the ECM protein TGFBIp, which is suggested to be a novel factor for promoting the growth of LECs in culture. C-/P-MSCs may be useful for the generation of animal-free culture systems for the treatment of LSC deficiency.
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Islami M, Mortazavi Y, Soleimani M, Nadri S. In vitro expansion of CD 133+ cells derived from umbilical cord blood in poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold coated with fibronectin and collagen. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:1025-1033. [PMID: 28782391 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1358733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Due to their renewal and potency, umbilical cord blood (UCB) stem cells have the ability to proliferate and serve as an attractive alternative source for bone marrow transplantation. However, insufficient number of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in UCB is still a major constraint in clinical applications. OBJECTIVE In vitro expansion of stem cells on fibronectin (Fn)-coated poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold can be a proper way to overcome this limitation. MATERIALS AND METHOD UCB CD133 + cells were isolated by magnetic cell sorting (MACS), and then the flowcytometry method was used for analysing CD133 + cells. Confirmed cells were seeded on the Fn-coated PLLA scaffold; also, collagen-coated PLLA scaffold, PLLA scaffold and two-dimensional (2D) culture system were expanded for 7 days. During this time, we used the flowcytometric method for analysing CD133 + cells and real-time PCR for the expression level of CXCR4 gene. The number of total cells and CD133 + cells, as well as MTT assay and colony-forming unit (CFU) assay were evaluated. RESULTS Flowcytometry data indicated that the purity of CD133 + before expansion was 93%. After 7 days, there was higher number of CD133 + cells on the Fn-coated PLLA scaffold compared to other groups. Moreover, results of MTT and colony assays showed higher viability and proliferation of CD133 + on the Fn-coated PLLA scaffold. Also, the quantity of CXCR4 gene expression increased compared to other groups. DISCUSSION The Fn-coated scaffold was the most effective scaffold for proliferation and improved the adhesiveness to the scaffold. CONCLUSION The Fn-coated PLLA scaffold could be a suitable in vitro mimicry niche over a 2D system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Islami
- a Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Department , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Yousef Mortazavi
- a Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Department , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,b Department of Pathology, Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- c Hematology Department , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Samad Nadri
- a Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Department , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
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Das V, Kalyan G, Hazra S, Pal M. Understanding the role of structural integrity and differential expression of integrin profiling to identify potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:168-185. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Das
- Biological Sciences and Technology DivisionCSIR‐North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhat, AssamIndia
| | - Gazal Kalyan
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR)RoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
| | - Saugata Hazra
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR)RoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
- Centre for NanotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
| | - Mintu Pal
- Biological Sciences and Technology DivisionCSIR‐North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhat, AssamIndia
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Hardy WR, Moldovan NI, Moldovan L, Livak KJ, Datta K, Goswami C, Corselli M, Traktuev DO, Murray IR, Péault B, March K. Transcriptional Networks in Single Perivascular Cells Sorted from Human Adipose Tissue Reveal a Hierarchy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1273-1289. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Reef Hardy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Broad Stem Cell Center; University of California at Los Angeles; California USA
- Department of Medicine; University of Indiana; Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | | | - Leni Moldovan
- Department of Ophthalmology; IUPUI; Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | | | - Krishna Datta
- Fluidigm Corporation; South San Francisco California USA
| | - Chirayu Goswami
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Mirko Corselli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Broad Stem Cell Center; University of California at Los Angeles; California USA
- BD Biosciences; San Diego California
| | | | - Iain R. Murray
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Broad Stem Cell Center; University of California at Los Angeles; California USA
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Scotland United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Péault
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Broad Stem Cell Center; University of California at Los Angeles; California USA
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Scotland United Kingdom
| | - Keith March
- Department of Medicine; University of Indiana; Indianapolis Indiana USA
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Seebeck F, März M, Meyer AW, Reuter H, Vogg MC, Stehling M, Mildner K, Zeuschner D, Rabert F, Bartscherer K. Integrins are required for tissue organization and restriction of neurogenesis in regenerating planarians. Development 2017; 144:795-807. [PMID: 28137894 PMCID: PMC5374344 DOI: 10.1242/dev.139774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration depends on proliferative cells and on cues that regulate cell division, differentiation, patterning and the restriction of these processes once regeneration is complete. In planarians, flatworms with high regenerative potential, muscle cells express some of these instructive cues. Here, we show that members of the integrin family of adhesion molecules are required for the integrity of regenerating tissues, including the musculature. Remarkably, in regenerating β1-integrin RNAi planarians, we detected increased numbers of mitotic cells and progenitor cell types, as well as a reduced ability of stem cells and lineage-restricted progenitor cells to accumulate at wound sites. These animals also formed ectopic spheroid structures of neural identity in regenerating heads. Interestingly, those polarized assemblies comprised a variety of neural cells and underwent continuous growth. Our study indicates that integrin-mediated cell adhesion is required for the regenerative formation of organized tissues and for restricting neurogenesis during planarian regeneration. Highlighted article: Integrin signaling acts to recruit and localize progenitor cells following injury, thereby promoting the correct organization of regenerating planarian tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Seebeck
- Max Planck Research Group Stem Cells & Regeneration, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Von-Esmarch-Str. 54, Münster 48149, Germany.,Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin März
- Max Planck Research Group Stem Cells & Regeneration, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Von-Esmarch-Str. 54, Münster 48149, Germany.,Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anna-Wiebke Meyer
- Max Planck Research Group Stem Cells & Regeneration, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Von-Esmarch-Str. 54, Münster 48149, Germany.,Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hanna Reuter
- Max Planck Research Group Stem Cells & Regeneration, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Von-Esmarch-Str. 54, Münster 48149, Germany.,Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias C Vogg
- Max Planck Research Group Stem Cells & Regeneration, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Von-Esmarch-Str. 54, Münster 48149, Germany.,Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Stehling
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Karina Mildner
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Dagmar Zeuschner
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Franziska Rabert
- Max Planck Research Group Stem Cells & Regeneration, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Von-Esmarch-Str. 54, Münster 48149, Germany.,Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kerstin Bartscherer
- Max Planck Research Group Stem Cells & Regeneration, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Von-Esmarch-Str. 54, Münster 48149, Germany .,Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
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48
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Lerario AM, Finco I, LaPensee C, Hammer GD. Molecular Mechanisms of Stem/Progenitor Cell Maintenance in the Adrenal Cortex. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:52. [PMID: 28386245 PMCID: PMC5362593 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The adrenal cortex is characterized by three histologically and functionally distinct zones: the outermost zona glomerulosa (zG), the intermediate zona fasciculata, and the innermost zona reticularis. Important aspects of the physiology and maintenance of the adrenocortical stem/progenitor cells have emerged in the last few years. Studies have shown that the adrenocortical cells descend from a pool of progenitors that are localized in the subcapsular region of the zG. These cells continually undergo a process of centripetal displacement and differentiation, which is orchestrated by several paracrine and endocrine cues, including the pituitary-derived adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and angiotensin II. However, while several roles of the endocrine axes on adrenocortical function are well established, the mechanisms coordinating the maintenance of an undifferentiated progenitor cell pool with self-renewal capacity are poorly understood. Local factors, such as the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) with embedded signaling molecules, and the activity of major paracrine effectors, including ligands of the sonic hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways, are thought to play a major role. Particularly, the composition of the ECM, which exhibits substantial differences within each of the three histologically distinct concentric zones, has been shown to influence the differentiation status of adrenocortical cells. New data from other organ systems and different experimental paradigms strongly support the conclusion that the interactions of ECM components with cell-surface receptors and secreted factors are key determinants of cell fate. In this review, we summarize established and emerging data on the paracrine and autocrine regulatory loops that regulate the biology of the progenitor cell niche and propose a role for bioengineered ECM models in further elucidating this biology in the adrenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Marcondes Lerario
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Isabella Finco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christopher LaPensee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gary Douglas Hammer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Endocrine Oncology Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Organogenesis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- *Correspondence: Gary Douglas Hammer,
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Uckelmann H, Blaszkiewicz S, Nicolae C, Haas S, Schnell A, Wurzer S, Wagener R, Aszodi A, Essers MAG. Extracellular matrix protein Matrilin-4 regulates stress-induced HSC proliferation via CXCR4. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1961-71. [PMID: 27573814 PMCID: PMC5030798 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Essers et al. find that the extracellular matrix adaptor protein Matrilin-4 confers a resistance to stress stimuli in hematopoietic stem cells. During homeostasis, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are mostly kept in quiescence with only minor contribution to steady-state hematopoiesis. However, in stress situations such as infection, chemotherapy, or transplantation, HSCs are forced to proliferate and rapidly regenerate compromised hematopoietic cells. Little is known about the processes regulating this stress-induced proliferation and expansion of HSCs and progenitors. In this study, we identified the extracellular matrix (ECM) adaptor protein Matrilin-4 (Matn4) as an important negative regulator of the HSC stress response. Matn4 is highly expressed in long-term HSCs; however, it is not required for HSC maintenance under homeostasis. In contrast, Matn4 is strongly down-regulated in HSCs in response to proliferative stress, and Matn4 deficiency results in increased proliferation and expansion of HSCs and progenitors after myelosuppressive chemotherapy, inflammatory stress, and transplantation. This enhanced proliferation is mediated by a transient down-regulation of CXCR4 in Matn4−/− HSCs upon stress, allowing for a more efficient expansion of HSCs. Thus, we have uncovered a novel link between the ECM protein Matn4 and cytokine receptor CXCR4 involved in the regulation of HSC proliferation and expansion under acute stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Uckelmann
- HSCs and Stress Group, Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technologies and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Blaszkiewicz
- HSCs and Stress Group, Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technologies and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Nicolae
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Simon Haas
- HSCs and Stress Group, Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technologies and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schnell
- HSCs and Stress Group, Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technologies and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Wurzer
- HSCs and Stress Group, Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technologies and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Attila Aszodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, 82152 Planegg, Germany Department of General, Trauma, Hand, and Plastic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Marieke Alida Gertruda Essers
- HSCs and Stress Group, Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technologies and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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50
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Leal CV, Martinez DST, Más BA, Alves OL, Duek EAR. Influence of purified multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the mechanical and morphological behavior in poly (L-lactic acid) matrix. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 59:547-560. [PMID: 27038896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Poly (L-latic acid) (PLLA) is a bioresorbable polymer widely used as a biomaterial, but its fragility can limit its use. An alternative is to produce polymer nanocomposites, which can enhance the mechanical properties of polymeric matrix, resulting in a material with differentiated properties. In this work, PLLA based nanocomposites containing 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0wt% of purified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (p-MWCNTs) were prepared by the solvent casting method. The morphology and mechanical properties results show an improvement in strain at break for 0.25 and 0.5wt% p-MWCNTs and an increase in stiffness and elastic modulus for all compositions. Nanocomposites presented a p-MWCNTs agglomeration; however, there was a good stress transfer between PLLA and p-MWCNTs, which was confirmed by the increase in the hardness and elastic modulus. Atomic force microscopy analysis indicated an increase in roughness after nanotube addition. The in vitro biological study showed that PLLA/p-MWCNTs nanocomposites are cytocompatible with osteoblasts cells. The capacity of PLLA nanocomposites to stimulate osteogenesis was investigated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay. Higher ALP activity was found on osteoblasts cultured on nanocomposites with 0.25 and 0.5wt% p-MWCNT compared to neat PLLA, confirming that PLLA cytocompatibility was improved on these compositions. Finally, our results showed that by a simple and inexpensive solvent casting method, it is possible to manufacture biofunctional nanocomposites devices with potential for orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Leal
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-860 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - D S T Martinez
- Solid State Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13081-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 1308-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - B A Más
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo - PUC-SP, 18030-095 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - O L Alves
- Solid State Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13081-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - E A R Duek
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-860 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo - PUC-SP, 18030-095 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
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