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Zou Y, Liu Z, Liu W, Liu Z. Current knowledge and potential intervention of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in lung cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:334. [PMID: 37880766 PMCID: PMC10601224 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy characterized by significant metabolic alterations. Understanding the metabolic rewiring in lung cancer is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) is a metabolic pathway that plays a vital role in cellular metabolism and has been implicated in various cancers, including lung cancer. Abnormal activation of HBP is involved in the proliferation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance of tumor cells. In this review, we will discuss the function and regulation of metabolic enzymes related to HBP in lung cancer. Furthermore, the implications of targeting the HBP for lung cancer treatment are also discussed, along with the challenges and future directions in this field. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role and intervention of HBP in lung cancer. Future research focusing on the HBP in lung cancer is essential to uncover novel treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zou
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Zongkai Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaidong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China.
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Kim DY, Park J, Han IO. Hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and O-GlcNAc cycling of glucose metabolism in brain function and disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C981-C998. [PMID: 37602414 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00191.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Impaired brain glucose metabolism is considered a hallmark of brain dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Disruption of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and subsequent O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) cycling has been identified as an emerging link between altered glucose metabolism and defects in the brain. Myriads of cytosolic and nuclear proteins in the nervous system are modified at serine or threonine residues with a single N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) molecule by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which can be removed by β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (O-GlcNAcase, OGA). Homeostatic regulation of O-GlcNAc cycling is important for the maintenance of normal brain activity. Although significant evidence linking dysregulated HBP metabolism and aberrant O-GlcNAc cycling to induction or progression of neuronal diseases has been obtained, the issue of whether altered O-GlcNAcylation is causal in brain pathogenesis remains uncertain. Elucidation of the specific functions and regulatory mechanisms of individual O-GlcNAcylated neuronal proteins in both normal and diseased states may facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets for various neuronal disorders. The information presented in this review highlights the importance of HBP/O-GlcNAcylation in the neuronal system and summarizes the roles and potential mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylated neuronal proteins in maintaining normal brain function and initiation and progression of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yeol Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Inn-Oc Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
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Lofrumento DD, Miraglia A, La Pesa V, Treglia AS, Chieppa M, De Nuccio F, Nicolardi G, Miele C, Beguinot F, Garbi C, Di Jeso B. Increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux alters cell-cell adhesion in INS-1E cells and murine islets. Endocrine 2023; 81:492-502. [PMID: 37306934 PMCID: PMC10403402 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In type 2 Diabetes, β-cell failure is caused by loss of cell mass, mostly by apoptosis, but also by simple dysfunction (dedifferentiation, decline of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion). Apoptosis and dysfunction are caused, at least in part, by glucotoxicity, in which increased flux of glucose in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway plays a role. In this study, we sought to clarify whether increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux affects another important aspect of β-cell physiology, that is β-cell-β-cell homotypic interactions. METHODS We used INS-1E cells and murine islets. The expression and cellular distribution of E-cadherin and β-catenin was evaluated by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blot. Cell-cell adhesion was examined by the hanging-drop aggregation assay, islet architecture by isolation and microscopic observation. RESULTS E-cadherin expression was not changed by increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux, however, there was a decrease of cell surface, and an increase in intracellular E-cadherin. Moreover, intracellular E-cadherin delocalized, at least in part, from the Golgi complex to the endoplasmic reticulum. Beta-catenin was found to parallel the E-cadherin redistribution, showing a dislocation from the plasmamembrane to the cytosol. These changes had as a phenotypic consequence a decreased ability of INS-1E to aggregate. Finally, in ex vivo experiments, glucosamine was able to alter islet structure and to decrease surface abundandance of E-cadherin and β-catenin. CONCLUSION Increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux alters E-cadherin cellular localization both in INS-1E cells and murine islets and affects cell-cell adhesion and islet morphology. These changes are likely caused by alterations of E-cadherin function, highlighting a new potential target to counteract the consequences of glucotoxicity on β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Miraglia
- DiSTeBA, Centro Ecotekne, Strada Monteroni, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Velia La Pesa
- Institute of Experimental Neurology and Division of Neuroscience, Neuropathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Chieppa
- DiSTeBA, Centro Ecotekne, Strada Monteroni, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco De Nuccio
- DiSTeBA, Centro Ecotekne, Strada Monteroni, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicolardi
- DiSTeBA, Centro Ecotekne, Strada Monteroni, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Claudia Miele
- CNR, IEOS and DiSMeT, Via S. Pansini 5, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- CNR, IEOS and DiSMeT, Via S. Pansini 5, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Corrado Garbi
- Dip. Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Via S. Pansini 5, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Di Jeso
- DiSTeBA, Centro Ecotekne, Strada Monteroni, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
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Zhang X, Hu C, Ma ZG, Hu M, Yuan XP, Yuan YP, Wang SS, Kong CY, Teng T, Tang QZ. Tisp40 prevents cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3383. [PMID: 37291168 PMCID: PMC10250363 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) to facilitate O-linked GlcNAc (O-GlcNAc) protein modifications, and subsequently enhance cell survival under lethal stresses. Transcript induced in spermiogenesis 40 (Tisp40) is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane-resident transcription factor and plays critical roles in cell homeostasis. Here, we show that Tisp40 expression, cleavage and nuclear accumulation are increased by cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Global Tisp40 deficiency exacerbates, whereas cardiomyocyte-restricted Tisp40 overexpression ameliorates I/R-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and acute cardiac injury, and modulates cardiac remodeling and dysfunction following long-term observations in male mice. In addition, overexpression of nuclear Tisp40 is sufficient to attenuate cardiac I/R injury in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic studies indicate that Tisp40 directly binds to a conserved unfolded protein response element (UPRE) of the glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) promoter, and subsequently potentiates HBP flux and O-GlcNAc protein modifications. Moreover, we find that I/R-induced upregulation, cleavage and nuclear accumulation of Tisp40 in the heart are mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Our findings identify Tisp40 as a cardiomyocyte-enriched UPR-associated transcription factor, and targeting Tisp40 may develop effective approaches to mitigate cardiac I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Pin Yuan
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Pei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Yan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Teng Teng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China.
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Covert JD, Grice BA, Thornburg MG, Kaur M, Ryan AP, Tackett L, Bhamidipati T, Stull ND, Kim T, Habegger KM, McClain DA, Brozinick JT, Elmendorf JS. An early, reversible cholesterolgenic etiology of diet-induced insulin resistance. Mol Metab 2023; 72:101715. [PMID: 37019209 PMCID: PMC10114231 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A buildup of skeletal muscle plasma membrane (PM) cholesterol content in mice occurs within 1 week of a Western-style high-fat diet and causes insulin resistance. The mechanism driving this cholesterol accumulation and insulin resistance is not known. Promising cell data implicate that the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) triggers a cholesterolgenic response via increasing the transcriptional activity of Sp1. In this study we aimed to determine whether increased HBP/Sp1 activity represented a preventable cause of insulin resistance. METHODS C57BL/6NJ mice were fed either a low-fat (LF, 10% kcal) or high-fat (HF, 45% kcal) diet for 1 week. During this 1-week diet the mice were treated daily with either saline or mithramycin-A (MTM), a specific Sp1/DNA-binding inhibitor. A series of metabolic and tissue analyses were then performed on these mice, as well as on mice with targeted skeletal muscle overexpression of the rate-limiting HBP enzyme glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate-amidotransferase (GFAT) that were maintained on a regular chow diet. RESULTS Saline-treated mice fed this HF diet for 1 week did not have an increase in adiposity, lean mass, or body mass while displaying early insulin resistance. Consistent with an HBP/Sp1 cholesterolgenic response, Sp1 displayed increased O-GlcNAcylation and binding to the HMGCR promoter that increased HMGCR expression in skeletal muscle from saline-treated HF-fed mice. Skeletal muscle from these saline-treated HF-fed mice also showed a resultant elevation of PM cholesterol with an accompanying loss of cortical filamentous actin (F-actin) that is essential for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Treating these mice daily with MTM during the 1-week HF diet fully prevented the diet-induced Sp1 cholesterolgenic response, loss of cortical F-actin, and development of insulin resistance. Similarly, increases in HMGCR expression and cholesterol were measured in muscle from GFAT transgenic mice compared to age- and weight-match wildtype littermate control mice. In the GFAT Tg mice we found that these increases were alleviated by MTM. CONCLUSIONS These data identify increased HBP/Sp1 activity as an early mechanism of diet-induced insulin resistance. Therapies targeting this mechanism may decelerate T2D development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Covert
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Brian A Grice
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew G Thornburg
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Andrew P Ryan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lixuan Tackett
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Theja Bhamidipati
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Natalie D Stull
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Teayoun Kim
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kirk M Habegger
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Donald A McClain
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Joseph T Brozinick
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Elmendorf
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
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Li X, Peng X, Zhang C, Bai X, Li Y, Chen G, Guo H, He W, Zhou X, Gou X. Bladder Cancer-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Tumor Angiogenesis by Inducing HBP-Related Metabolic Reprogramming and SerRS O-GlcNAcylation in Endothelial Cells. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2202993. [PMID: 36045101 PMCID: PMC9596856 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A malformed tumour vascular network provokes the nutrient-deprived tumour microenvironment (TME), which conversely activates endothelial cell (EC) functions and stimulates neovascularization. Emerging evidence suggests that the flexible metabolic adaptability of tumour cells helps to establish a metabolic symbiosis among various cell subpopulations in the fluctuating TME. In this study, the authors propose a novel metabolic link between bladder cancer (BCa) cells and ECs in the nutrient-scarce TME, in which BCa-secreted glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 1 (GFAT1) via small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) reprograms glucose metabolism by increasing hexosamine biosynthesis pathway flux in ECs and thus enhances O-GlcNAcylation. Moreover, seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS) O-GlcNAcylation at serine 101 in ECs promotes its degradation by ubiquitination and impeded importin α5-mediated nuclear translocation. Intranuclear SerRS attenuates vascular endothelial growth factor transcription by competitively binding to the GC-rich region of the proximal promotor. Additionally, GFAT1 knockout in tumour cells blocks SerRS O-GlcNAcylation in ECs and attenuates angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. However, administration of GFAT1-overexpressing BCa cells-derived sEVs increase the angiogenetic activity in the ECs of GFAT1-knockout mice. In summary, this study suggests that inhibiting sEV-mediated GFAT1 secretion from BCa cells and targeting SerRS O-GlcNAcylation in ECs may serve as novel strategies for BCa antiangiogenetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Li
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Centre for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and EpigeneticsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xiang Peng
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and EpigeneticsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and EpigeneticsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xuesong Bai
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and EpigeneticsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and EpigeneticsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Huixia Guo
- Centre for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
| | - Weiyang He
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and EpigeneticsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xin Gou
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
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Silva-Aguiar RP, Peruchetti DB, Pinheiro AAS, Caruso-Neves C, Dias WB. O-GlcNAcylation in Renal (Patho)Physiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911260. [PMID: 36232558 PMCID: PMC9569498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys maintain internal milieu homeostasis through a well-regulated manipulation of body fluid composition. This task is performed by the correlation between structure and function in the nephron. Kidney diseases are chronic conditions impacting healthcare programs globally, and despite efforts, therapeutic options for its treatment are limited. The development of chronic degenerative diseases is associated with changes in protein O-GlcNAcylation, a post-translation modification involved in the regulation of diverse cell function. O-GlcNAcylation is regulated by the enzymatic balance between O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) which add and remove GlcNAc residues on target proteins, respectively. Furthermore, the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway provides the substrate for protein O-GlcNAcylation. Beyond its physiological role, several reports indicate the participation of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases. In this review, we discuss the impact of protein O-GlcNAcylation on physiological renal function, disease conditions, and possible future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo P. Silva-Aguiar
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Diogo B. Peruchetti
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Acacia S. Pinheiro
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Caruso-Neves
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Wagner B. Dias
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Ortiz-Ramírez JA, Cuéllar-Cruz M, López-Romero E. Cell compensatory responses of fungi to damage of the cell wall induced by Calcofluor White and Congo Red with emphasis on Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix globosa. A review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:976924. [PMID: 36211971 PMCID: PMC9539796 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.976924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell wall (CW) of fungi exhibits a complex structure and a characteristic chemical composition consisting almost entirely of interacting crystalline and amorphous polysaccharides. These are synthesized by a number of sugar polymerases and depolymerases encoded by a high proportion of the fungal genome (for instance, 20% in Saccharomyces cerevisiae). These enzymes act in an exquisitely coordinated process to assemble the tridimensional and the functional structure of the wall. Apart from playing a critical role in morphogenesis, cell protection, viability and pathogenesis, the CW represents a potential target for antifungals as most of its constituents do not exist in humans. Chitin, β-glucans and cellulose are the most frequent crystalline polymers found in the fungal CW. The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) is critical for CW elaboration. Also known as the Leloir pathway, this pathway ends with the formation of UDP-N-GlcNAc after four enzymatic steps that start with fructose-6-phosphate and L-glutamine in a short deviation of glycolysis. This activated aminosugar is used for the synthesis of a large variety of biomacromolecules in a vast number of organisms including bacteria, fungi, insects, crustaceans and mammalian cells. The first reaction of the HBP is catalyzed by GlcN-6-P synthase (L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase; EC 2.6.1.16), a critical enzyme that has been considered as a potential target for antifungals. The enzyme regulates the amount of cell UDP-N-GlcNAc and in eukaryotes is feedback inhibited by the activated aminosugar and other factors. The native and recombinant forms of GlcN-6-P synthase has been purified and characterized from both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and demonstrated its critical role in CW remodeling and morphogenesis after exposure of some fungi to agents that stress the cell surface by interacting with wall polymers. This review deals with some of the cell compensatory responses of fungi to wall damage induced by Congo Red and Calcofluor White.
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Bolanle IO, Palmer TM. Targeting Protein O-GlcNAcylation, a Link between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Inflammatory Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040705. [PMID: 35203353 PMCID: PMC8870601 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Unresolved hyperglycaemia, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a well characterised manifestation of altered fuel homeostasis and our understanding of its role in the pathologic activation of the inflammatory system continues to grow. Metabolic disorders like T2DM trigger changes in the regulation of key cellular processes such as cell trafficking and proliferation, and manifest as chronic inflammatory disorders with severe long-term consequences. Activation of inflammatory pathways has recently emerged as a critical link between T2DM and inflammation. A substantial body of evidence has suggested that this is due in part to increased flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). The HBP, a unique nutrient-sensing metabolic pathway, produces the activated amino sugar UDP-GlcNAc which is a critical substrate for protein O-GlcNAcylation, a dynamic, reversible post-translational glycosylation of serine and threonine residues in target proteins. Protein O-GlcNAcylation impacts a range of cellular processes, including inflammation, metabolism, trafficking, and cytoskeletal organisation. As increased HBP flux culminates in increased protein O-GlcNAcylation, we propose that targeting O-GlcNAcylation may be a viable therapeutic strategy for the prevention and management of glucose-dependent pathologies with inflammatory components.
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10
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Cairns M, Joseph D, Essop MF. The dual role of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:984342. [PMID: 36353238 PMCID: PMC9637655 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.984342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is a highly metabolic organ with extensive energy demands and hence relies on numerous fuel substrates including fatty acids and glucose. However, oxidative stress is a natural by-product of metabolism that, in excess, can contribute towards DNA damage and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase activation. This activation inhibits key glycolytic enzymes, subsequently shunting glycolytic intermediates into non-oxidative glucose pathways such as the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). In this review we provide evidence supporting the dual role of the HBP, i.e. playing a unique role in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology where acute upregulation confers cardioprotection while chronic activation contributes to the onset and progression of cardio-metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure. Thus although the HBP has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for such conditions, proposed interventions need to be applied in a context- and pathology-specific manner to avoid any potential drawbacks of relatively low cardiac HBP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Cairns
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Danzil Joseph
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - M. Faadiel Essop
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: M. Faadiel Essop,
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11
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Dierschke SK, Dennis MD. Retinal Protein O-GlcNAcylation and the Ocular Renin-angiotensin System: Signaling Cross-roads in Diabetic Retinopathy. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e011121190177. [PMID: 33430751 PMCID: PMC8272735 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817999210111205933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that diabetes and its associated hyperglycemia negatively impact retinal function, yet we know little about the role played by augmented flux through the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP). This offshoot of the glycolytic pathway produces UDP-Nacetyl- glucosamine, which serves as the substrate for post-translational O-linked modification of proteins in a process referred to as O-GlcNAcylation. HBP flux and subsequent protein O-GlcNAcylation serve as nutrient sensors, enabling cells to integrate metabolic information to appropriately modulate fundamental cellular processes including gene expression. Here we summarize the impact of diabetes on retinal physiology, highlighting recent studies that explore the role of O-GlcNAcylation- induced variation in mRNA translation in retinal dysfunction and the pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). Augmented O-GlcNAcylation results in wide variation in the selection of mRNAs for translation, in part, due to O-GlcNAcylation of the translational repressor 4E-BP1. Recent studies demonstrate that 4E-BP1 plays a critical role in regulating O-GlcNAcylation-induced changes in the translation of the mRNAs encoding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), a number of important mitochondrial proteins, and CD40, a key costimulatory molecule involved in diabetes-induced retinal inflammation. Remarkably, 4E-BP1/2 ablation delays the onset of diabetes- induced visual dysfunction in mice. Thus, pharmacological interventions to prevent the impact of O-GlcNAcylation on 4E-BP1 may represent promising therapeutics to address the development and progression of DR. In this regard, we discuss the potential interplay between retinal O-GlcNAcylation and the ocular renin-angiotensin system as a potential therapeutic target of future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadie K. Dierschke
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | - Michael D. Dennis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, H166, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive Hershey, PA 17033; Tel: (717)531-0003 Ext-282596; Fax: (717)531-7667;
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12
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Nabeebaccus AA, Verma S, Zoccarato A, Emanuelli G, Santos CX, Streckfuss-Bömeke K, Shah AM. Cardiomyocyte protein O-GlcNAcylation is regulated by GFAT1 not GFAT2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 583:121-127. [PMID: 34735873 PMCID: PMC8606754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In response to cardiac injury, increased activity of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) is linked with cytoprotective as well as adverse effects depending on the type and duration of injury. Glutamine-fructose amidotransferase (GFAT; gene name gfpt) is the rate-limiting enzyme that controls flux through HBP. Two protein isoforms exist in the heart called GFAT1 and GFAT2. There are conflicting data on the relative importance of GFAT1 and GFAT2 during stress-induced HBP responses in the heart. Using neonatal rat cardiac cell preparations, targeted knockdown of GFPT1 and GFPT2 were performed and HBP activity measured. Immunostaining with specific GFAT1 and GFAT2 antibodies was undertaken in neonatal rat cardiac preparations and murine cardiac tissues to characterise cell-specific expression. Publicly available human heart single cell sequencing data was interrogated to determine cell-type expression. Western blots for GFAT isoform protein expression were performed in human cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). GFPT1 but not GFPT2 knockdown resulted in a loss of stress-induced protein O-GlcNAcylation in neonatal cardiac cell preparations indicating reduced HBP activity. In rodent cells and tissue, immunostaining for GFAT1 identified expression in both cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts whereas immunostaining for GFAT2 was only identified in fibroblasts. Further corroboration of findings in human heart cells identified an enrichment of GFPT2 gene expression in cardiac fibroblasts but not ventricular myocytes whereas GFPT1 was expressed in both myocytes and fibroblasts. In human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, only GFAT1 protein was expressed with an absence of GFAT2. In conclusion, these results indicate that GFAT1 is the primary cardiomyocyte isoform and GFAT2 is only present in cardiac fibroblasts. Cell-specific isoform expression may have differing effects on cell function and should be considered when studying HBP and GFAT functions in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam A Nabeebaccus
- BHF Centre of Excellence King's College London, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK.
| | - Sharwari Verma
- BHF Centre of Excellence King's College London, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Anna Zoccarato
- BHF Centre of Excellence King's College London, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Giulia Emanuelli
- BHF Centre of Excellence King's College London, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Celio Xc Santos
- BHF Centre of Excellence King's College London, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, 10785 Berlin, partnersite Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ajay M Shah
- BHF Centre of Excellence King's College London, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
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13
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Campbell S, Mesaros C, Izzo L, Affronti H, Noji M, Schaffer BE, Tsang T, Sun K, Trefely S, Kruijning S, Blenis J, Blair IA, Wellen KE. Glutamine deprivation triggers NAGK-dependent hexosamine salvage. eLife 2021; 10:e62644. [PMID: 34844667 PMCID: PMC8631944 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors frequently exhibit aberrant glycosylation, which can impact cancer progression and therapeutic responses. The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), a major substrate for glycosylation in the cell. Prior studies have identified the HBP as a promising therapeutic target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). The HBP requires both glucose and glutamine for its initiation. The PDA tumor microenvironment is nutrient poor, however, prompting us to investigate how nutrient limitation impacts hexosamine synthesis. Here, we identify that glutamine limitation in PDA cells suppresses de novo hexosamine synthesis but results in increased free GlcNAc abundance. GlcNAc salvage via N-acetylglucosamine kinase (NAGK) is engaged to feed UDP-GlcNAc pools. NAGK expression is elevated in human PDA, and NAGK deletion from PDA cells impairs tumor growth in mice. Together, these data identify an important role for NAGK-dependent hexosamine salvage in supporting PDA tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Campbell
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Luke Izzo
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Hayley Affronti
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Michael Noji
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Bethany E Schaffer
- Meyer Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Tiffany Tsang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Kathryn Sun
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Sophie Trefely
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Salisa Kruijning
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - John Blenis
- Meyer Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ian A Blair
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Kathryn E Wellen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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14
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Currie MJ, Manjunath L, Horne CR, Rendle PM, Subramanian R, Friemann R, Fairbanks AJ, Muscroft-Taylor AC, North RA, Dobson RCJ. N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate 2-epimerase uses a novel substrate-assisted mechanism to catalyze amino sugar epimerization. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101113. [PMID: 34437902 PMCID: PMC8482478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There are five known general catalytic mechanisms used by enzymes to catalyze carbohydrate epimerization. The amino sugar epimerase N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate 2-epimerase (NanE) has been proposed to use a deprotonation-reprotonation mechanism, with an essential catalytic lysine required for both steps. However, the structural determinants of this mechanism are not clearly established. We characterized NanE from Staphylococcus aureus using a new coupled assay to monitor NanE catalysis in real time and found that it has kinetic constants comparable with other species. The crystal structure of NanE from Staphylococcus aureus, which comprises a triosephosphate isomerase barrel fold with an unusual dimeric architecture, was solved with both natural and modified substrates. Using these substrate-bound structures, we identified the following active-site residues lining the cleft at the C-terminal end of the β-strands: Gln11, Arg40, Lys63, Asp124, Glu180, and Arg208, which were individually substituted and assessed in relation to the mechanism. From this, we re-evaluated the central role of Glu180 in this mechanism alongside the catalytic lysine. We observed that the substrate is bound in a conformation that ideally positions the C5 hydroxyl group to be activated by Glu180 and donate a proton to the C2 carbon. Taken together, we propose that NanE uses a novel substrate-assisted proton displacement mechanism to invert the C2 stereocenter of N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate. Our data and mechanistic interpretation may be useful in the development of inhibitors of this enzyme or in enzyme engineering to produce biocatalysts capable of changing the stereochemistry of molecules that are not amenable to synthetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Currie
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Lavanyaa Manjunath
- Institute of Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, NCBS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Christopher R Horne
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Phillip M Rendle
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Ramaswamy Subramanian
- Institute of Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, NCBS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rosmarie Friemann
- Fujirebio Diagnostics, Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antony J Fairbanks
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Andrew C Muscroft-Taylor
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rachel A North
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Renwick C J Dobson
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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15
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Kim MJ, Kim HS, Lee S, Min KY, Choi WS, You JS. Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway-Derived O-GlcNAcylation Is Critical for RANKL-Mediated Osteoclast Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168888. [PMID: 34445596 PMCID: PMC8396330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) performed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is a nutrient-responsive post-translational modification (PTM) via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). Various transcription factors (TFs) are O-GlcNAcylated, affecting their activities and significantly contributing to cellular processes ranging from survival to cellular differentiation. Given the pleiotropic functions of O-GlcNAc modification, it has been studied in various fields; however, the role of O-GlcNAcylation during osteoclast differentiation remains to be explored. Kinetic transcriptome analysis during receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation revealed that the nexus of major nutrient metabolism, HBP was critical for this process. We observed that the critical genes related to HBP activation, including Nagk, Gfpt1, and Ogt, were upregulated, while the global O-GlcNAcylation was increased concomitantly during osteoclast differentiation. The O-GlcNAcylation inhibition by the small-molecule inhibitor OSMI-1 reduced osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo by disrupting the translocation of NF-κB p65 and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) into the nucleus by controlling their PTM O-GlcNAcylation. Furthermore, OSMI-1 had a synergistic effect with bone target therapy on osteoclastogenesis. Lastly, knocking down Ogt with shRNA (shOgt) mimicked OSMI-1’s effect on osteoclastogenesis. Targeting O-GlcNAcylation during osteoclast differentiation may be a valuable therapeutic approach for osteoclast-activated bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Jun Kim
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
| | - Hyuk Soon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Sangyong Lee
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
| | - Keun Young Min
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
- KU Open Innovation Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Jueng Soo You
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
- KU Open Innovation Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2049-6235
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16
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Robles-Flores M, Moreno-Londoño AP, Castañeda-Patlán MC. Signaling Pathways Involved in Nutrient Sensing Control in Cancer Stem Cells: An Overview. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:627745. [PMID: 33828530 PMCID: PMC8020906 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.627745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells characteristically have a high proliferation rate. Because tumor growth depends on energy-consuming anabolic processes, including biosynthesis of protein, lipid, and nucleotides, many tumor-associated conditions, including intermittent oxygen deficiency due to insufficient vascularization, oxidative stress, and nutrient deprivation, results from fast growth. To cope with these environmental stressors, cancer cells, including cancer stem cells, must adapt their metabolism to maintain cellular homeostasis. It is well- known that cancer stem cells (CSC) reprogram their metabolism to adapt to live in hypoxic niches. They usually change from oxidative phosphorylation to increased aerobic glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen. However, as opposed to most differentiated cancer cells relying on glycolysis, CSCs can be highly glycolytic or oxidative phosphorylation-dependent, displaying high metabolic plasticity. Although the influence of the metabolic and nutrient-sensing pathways on the maintenance of stemness has been recognized, the molecular mechanisms that link these pathways to stemness are not well known. Here in this review, we describe the most relevant signaling pathways involved in nutrient sensing and cancer cell survival. Among them, Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, mTOR pathway, and Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) are critical sensors of cellular energy and nutrient status in cancer cells and interact in complex and dynamic ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Robles-Flores
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angela P Moreno-Londoño
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Cristina Castañeda-Patlán
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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17
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Prisco SZ, Rose L, Potus F, Tian L, Wu D, Hartweck L, Al-Qazazi R, Neuber-Hess M, Eklund M, Hsu S, Thenappan T, Archer SL, Prins KW. Excess Protein O-GlcNAcylation Links Metabolic Derangements to Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7278. [PMID: 33019763 PMCID: PMC7582480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) converts glucose to uridine-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine, which, when added to serines or threonines, modulates protein function through protein O-GlcNAcylation. Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) regulates HBP flux, and AMP-kinase phosphorylation of GFAT blunts GFAT activity and O-GlcNAcylation. While numerous studies demonstrate increased right ventricle (RV) glucose uptake in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), the relationship between O-GlcNAcylation and RV function in PAH is unexplored. Therefore, we examined how colchicine-mediated AMP-kinase activation altered HBP intermediates, O-GlcNAcylation, mitochondrial function, and RV function in pulmonary artery-banded (PAB) and monocrotaline (MCT) rats. AMPK activation induced GFAT phosphorylation and reduced HBP intermediates and O-GlcNAcylation in MCT but not PAB rats. Reduced O-GlcNAcylation partially restored the RV metabolic signature and improved RV function in MCT rats. Proteomics revealed elevated expression of O-GlcNAcylated mitochondrial proteins in MCT RVs, which fractionation studies corroborated. Seahorse micropolarimetry analysis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes demonstrated colchicine improved mitochondrial function and reduced O-GlcNAcylation. Presence of diabetes in PAH, a condition of excess O-GlcNAcylation, reduced RV contractility when compared to nondiabetics. Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship between RV contractility and HgbA1C. Finally, RV biopsy specimens from PAH patients displayed increased O-GlcNAcylation. Thus, excess O-GlcNAcylation may contribute to metabolic derangements and RV dysfunction in PAH.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Acylation
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Cohort Studies
- Colchicine/pharmacology
- Diabetes Mellitus/diagnostic imaging
- Diabetes Mellitus/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Echocardiography
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing)/genetics
- Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing)/metabolism
- Hexosamines/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/diagnostic imaging
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/genetics
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/physiopathology
- Male
- Metabolome
- Middle Aged
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Monocrotaline/administration & dosage
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnostic imaging
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/genetics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Z. Prisco
- Cardiovascular Division, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.Z.P.); (L.R.); (L.H.); (M.E.); (T.T.)
| | - Lauren Rose
- Cardiovascular Division, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.Z.P.); (L.R.); (L.H.); (M.E.); (T.T.)
| | - Francois Potus
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada; (F.P.); (L.T.); (D.W.); (R.A.-Q.); (M.N.-H.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Lian Tian
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada; (F.P.); (L.T.); (D.W.); (R.A.-Q.); (M.N.-H.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada; (F.P.); (L.T.); (D.W.); (R.A.-Q.); (M.N.-H.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Lynn Hartweck
- Cardiovascular Division, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.Z.P.); (L.R.); (L.H.); (M.E.); (T.T.)
| | - Ruaa Al-Qazazi
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada; (F.P.); (L.T.); (D.W.); (R.A.-Q.); (M.N.-H.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Monica Neuber-Hess
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada; (F.P.); (L.T.); (D.W.); (R.A.-Q.); (M.N.-H.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Megan Eklund
- Cardiovascular Division, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.Z.P.); (L.R.); (L.H.); (M.E.); (T.T.)
| | - Steven Hsu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Thenappan Thenappan
- Cardiovascular Division, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.Z.P.); (L.R.); (L.H.); (M.E.); (T.T.)
| | - Stephen L. Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada; (F.P.); (L.T.); (D.W.); (R.A.-Q.); (M.N.-H.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Kurt W. Prins
- Cardiovascular Division, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.Z.P.); (L.R.); (L.H.); (M.E.); (T.T.)
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18
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Chen X, Qiu L, Cai R, Cui C, Li L, Jiang JH, Tan W. Aptamer-Directed Protein-Specific Multiple Modifications of Membrane Glycoproteins on Living Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:37845-37850. [PMID: 32706235 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how a cell membrane protein functions on living cells remains a challenge for cell biology. Specific placement of functional molecules on specific proteins in their native environment would allow comprehensive study of proteins' dynamic functions. Existing methods cannot facilely achieve multiple modifications on specific membrane proteins. In this report, we describe an aptamer-induced, protein-specific bio-orthogonal modification technology for precise nongenetic immobilization of multiple small functional molecules on target membrane glycoproteins by combining metabolic technology and aptamer targeting. In brief, DNA probes were designed by modifying aptamers, which bind to target proteins on the surfaces of living cells pretreated with N-azidoacetylmannosamine-tetraacylated (Ac4ManNAz). The cyclooctynes tagged of DNA probes will approach the azide groups to trigger the bio-orthogonal reactions. After UV irradiation and hybridization with cDNA (complementary DNA), the aptamers can be removed, and the process can be repeated to achieve multiple modifications for multicolor imaging and cell surface nanoengineering on specific proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xigao Chen
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Liping Qiu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Ren Cai
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Cheng Cui
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Long Li
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Jian-Hui Jiang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
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19
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Vankadari N. Structure of Furin Protease Binding to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and Implications for Potential Targets and Virulence. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6655-6663. [PMID: 32787225 PMCID: PMC7409919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is an urgent global health emergency, and the presence of Furin site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein alters virulence and warrants further molecular, structural, and biophysical studies. Here we report the structure of Furin in complex with SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, demonstrating how Furin binds to the S1/S2 region of spike glycoprotein and eventually cleaves the viral protein using experimental functional studies, molecular dynamics, and docking. The structural studies underline the mechanism and mode of action of Furin, which is a key process in host cell entry and a hallmark of enhanced virulence. Our whole-exome sequencing analysis shows the genetic variants/alleles in Furin were found to alter the binding affinity for viral spike glycoprotein and could vary in infectivity in humans. Unravelling the mechanisms of Furin action, binding dynamics, and the genetic variants opens the growing arena of bona fide antibodies and development of potential therapeutics targeting the blockage of Furin cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Vankadari
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash
University, Victoria 3800,
Australia
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20
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Guerra ÂR, Paulino AF, Castro MM, Oliveira H, Duarte MF, Duarte IF. Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Breast Epithelial Cells Differentially Reprogram Glucose and Lipid Metabolism upon Treatment with Triterpenic Acids. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1163. [PMID: 32784479 PMCID: PMC7464159 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenic acids (TAs) have gained increasing attention due to their multiple biological activities. Betulinic acid (BA) and ursolic acid (UA) modulate diverse pathways in carcinogenesis, offering increased changes of success in refractory cancers, such as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The present work aimed to assess the metabolic effects of BA and UA in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (TNBC model), as well as in MCF-10A non-cancer breast epithelial cells, with a view to unveiling the involvement of metabolic reprogramming in cellular responses to these TAs. Cell viability and cell cycle analyses were followed by assessment of changes in the cells exo- and endometabolome through 1H NMR analysis of cell culture medium supernatants, aqueous and organic cell extracts. In MDA-MB-231 cells, BA was suggested to induce a transient upregulation of glucose consumption and glycolytic conversion, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intensification, and hydrolysis of neutral lipids, while UA effects were much less pronounced. In MCF-10A cells, boosting of glucose metabolism by the two TAs was accompanied by diversion of glycolytic intermediates to the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and the synthesis of neutral lipids, possibly stored in detoxifying lipid droplets. Additionally, breast epithelial cells intensified pyruvate consumption and TCA cycle activity, possibly to compensate for oxidative impairment of pyruvate glycolytic production. This study provided novel insights into the metabolic effects of BA and UA in cancer and non-cancer breast cells, thus improving current understanding of the action of these compounds at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela R. Guerra
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo (CEBAL)/Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja), Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal; (A.F.P.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Ana F. Paulino
- Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo (CEBAL)/Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja), Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal; (A.F.P.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Maria M. Castro
- Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo (CEBAL)/Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja), Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal; (A.F.P.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Maria F. Duarte
- Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo (CEBAL)/Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja), Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal; (A.F.P.); (M.M.C.)
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, CEBAL, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal
| | - Iola F. Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
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21
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Sharma NS, Gupta VK, Garrido VT, Hadad R, Durden BC, Kesh K, Giri B, Ferrantella A, Dudeja V, Saluja A, Banerjee S. Targeting tumor-intrinsic hexosamine biosynthesis sensitizes pancreatic cancer to anti-PD1 therapy. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:451-465. [PMID: 31613799 DOI: 10.1172/jci127515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered to be a highly immunosuppressive and heterogenous neoplasm. Despite improved knowledge regarding the genetic background of the tumor and better understanding of the tumor microenvironment, immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (targeting CTLA4, PD1, PDL1) has not been very successful against PDAC. The robust desmoplastic stroma, along with an extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) that is rich in hyaluronan, plays an integral role in this immune evasion. Hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), a shunt pathway of glycolysis, is a metabolic node in cancer cells that can promote survival pathways on the one hand and influence the hyaluronan synthesis in the ECM on the other. The rate-limiting enzyme of the pathway, glutamine-fructose amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1), uses glutamine and fructose 6-phosphate to eventually synthesize uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). In the current manuscript, we targeted this glutamine-utilizing enzyme by a small molecule glutamine analog (6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine [DON]). Our results showed that DON decreased the self-renewal potential and metastatic ability of tumor cells. Further, treatment with DON decreased hyaluronan and collagen in the tumor microenvironment, leading to an extensive remodeling of the ECM and an increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Additionally, treatment with DON sensitized pancreatic tumors to anti-PD1 therapy, resulting in tumor regression and prolonged survival.
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22
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Lockhart DEA, Stanley M, Raimi OG, Robinson DA, Boldovjakova D, Squair DR, Ferenbach AT, Fang W, van Aalten DMF. Targeting a critical step in fungal hexosamine biosynthesis. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8678-8691. [PMID: 32341126 PMCID: PMC7324522 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a human opportunistic fungal pathogen whose cell wall protects it from the extracellular environment including host defenses. Chitin, an essential component of the fungal cell wall, is synthesized from UDP-GlcNAc produced in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. As this pathway is critical for fungal cell wall integrity, the hexosamine biosynthesis enzymes represent potential targets of antifungal drugs. Here, we provide genetic and chemical evidence that glucosamine 6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase (Gna1), a key enzyme in this pathway, is an exploitable antifungal drug target. GNA1 deletion resulted in loss of fungal viability and disruption of the cell wall, phenotypes that could be rescued by exogenous GlcNAc, the product of the Gna1 enzyme. In a murine model of aspergillosis, the Δgna1 mutant strain exhibited attenuated virulence. Using a fragment-based approach, we discovered a small heterocyclic scaffold that binds proximal to the Gna1 active site and can be optimized to a selective submicromolar binder. Taken together, we have provided genetic, structural, and chemical evidence that Gna1 is an antifungal target in A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah E A Lockhart
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| | - Mathew Stanley
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Olawale G Raimi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - David A Robinson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Dominika Boldovjakova
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R Squair
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - Wenxia Fang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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23
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Wu Y, Zheng J, Xing D, Zhang T. Near-infrared light controlled fluorogenic labeling of glycoengineered sialic acids in vivo with upconverting photoclick nanoprobe. Nanoscale 2020; 12:10361-10368. [PMID: 32369049 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10286h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acid serves as an important determinant for profiling cell activities in diverse biological and pathological processes. The precise control of sialic acid labeling to visualize its biological pathways under endogenous conditions is significant but still challenging due to the lack of reliable methods. Herein, we developed an effective strategy to spatiotemporally label thesialic acids with a near-infrared (NIR) light activated upconverting nanoprobe (Tz-UCNP). With this photoclickable nanoprobe and a stable N-alkene-d-mannosamine (Ac4ManNIPFA), metabolically synthesized alkene sialic acids on the cell surface were labeled and imaged in real time through fluorogenic cycloaddition. More importantly, we achieved spatially selective visualization of sialic acids in specific tumor tissues of the mice under NIR light activation in a spatially controlled manner. This in situ controllable labeling strategy thus enables the metabolic labeling of specific sialic acids in complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wu
- MOE key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P.R. China.
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24
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Zhu H, Wang S, Liu D, Ding L, Chen C, Liu Y, Wu Z, Bollag R, Liu K, Alexander WM, Yin J, Ma C, Li L, Wang PG. Identifying Sialylation Linkages at the Glycopeptide Level by Glycosyltransferase Labeling Assisted Mass Spectrometry (GLAMS). Anal Chem 2020; 92:6297-6303. [PMID: 32271005 PMCID: PMC7750919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Precise assignment of sialylation linkages at the glycopeptide level is of importance in bottom-up glycoproteomics and an indispensable step to understand the function of glycoproteins in pathogen-host interactions and cancer progression. Even though some efforts have been dedicated to the discrimination of α2,3/α2,6-sialylated isomers, unambiguous identification of sialoglycopeptide isomers is still needed. Herein, we developed an innovative glycosyltransferase labeling assisted mass spectrometry (GLAMS) strategy. After specific enzymatic labeling, oxonium ions from higher-energy C-trap dissociation (HCD) fragmentation of α2,3-sailoglycopeptides then generate unique reporters to distinctly differentiate those of α2,6-sailoglycopeptide isomers. With this strategy, a total of 1236 linkage-specific sialoglycopeptides were successfully identified from 161 glycoproteins in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Ding Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Lang Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Congcong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Zhigang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Roni Bollag
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - William Max Alexander
- Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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25
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Cui D, Zhao D, Huang S. Structural characterization of a safflower polysaccharide and its promotion effect on steroid-induced osteonecrosis in vivo. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115856. [PMID: 32059907 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide (SPAW) was purified from Safflower and it was identified to be (1→3)-linked β-d-Glucan. The therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of SPAW on steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH) in a rabbit model was performed here. The abnormal histopathologic changes and apoptosis of femoral head in model group were significantly reverted after SPAW (25, 100 and 200 mg/kg) administration for 60 days, as evidenced by the a decline of empty lacunae rate, the average bone marrow fat cell size and the proportion of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, administration of SPAW significantly decreased the Bax and caspase-3 protein expression, but increased the protein expression of Bcl-2 when compared these in model rabbits. Meanwhile, increased hydroxyproline (HOP) and decreased serum hexosamine (HOM) concentration in rabbit serum were turned to the opposite way. The present study suggested that SPAW may provide an alternative treatment for the treatment of SANFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daping Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No 6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Dewei Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No 6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China.
| | - Shibo Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No 6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
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26
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Papachristoforou E, Lambadiari V, Maratou E, Makrilakis K. Association of Glycemic Indices (Hyperglycemia, Glucose Variability, and Hypoglycemia) with Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Complications. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:7489795. [PMID: 33123598 PMCID: PMC7585656 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7489795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is defined as a disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance of the cell, in favor of the former, which results in the antioxidant capacity of the cell to be overpowered. Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is very harmful to cell constituents, especially proteins, lipids, and DNA, thus causing damage to the cell. Oxidative stress has been associated with a variety of pathologic conditions, including diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, ischemia/reperfusion injury, obstructive sleep apnea, and accelerated aging. Regarding DM specifically, previous experimental and clinical studies have pointed to the fact that oxidative stress probably plays a major role in the pathogenesis and development of diabetic complications. It is postulated that hyperglycemia induces free radicals and impairs endogenous antioxidant defense systems through several different mechanisms. In particular, hyperglycemia promotes the creation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), and the hyperactivity of hexosamine and sorbitol pathways, leading to the development of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and endothelial dysfunction, by inducing excessive ROS production and OS. Furthermore, glucose variability has been associated with OS as well, and recent evidence suggests that also hypoglycemia may be playing an important role in favoring diabetic vascular complications through OS, inflammation, prothrombotic events, and endothelial dysfunction. The association of these diabetic parameters (i.e., hyperglycemia, glucose variability, and hypoglycemia) with oxidative stress will be reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Papachristoforou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Centre, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Maratou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Centre, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Makrilakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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27
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Laviada-Molina HA, Leal-Berumen I, Rodriguez-Ayala E, Bastarrachea RA. Working Hypothesis for Glucose Metabolism and SARS-CoV-2 Replication: Interplay Between the Hexosamine Pathway and Interferon RF5 Triggering Hyperinflammation. Role of BCG Vaccine? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:514. [PMID: 32733388 PMCID: PMC7358362 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Leal-Berumen
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
| | - Ernesto Rodriguez-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Naucalpan de Juárez, México
| | - Raul A. Bastarrachea
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Raul A. Bastarrachea
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28
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Li T, Li X, Attri KS, Liu C, Li L, Herring LE, Asara JM, Lei YL, Singh PK, Gao C, Wen H. O-GlcNAc Transferase Links Glucose Metabolism to MAVS-Mediated Antiviral Innate Immunity. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 24:791-803.e6. [PMID: 30543776 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased glucose metabolism in immune cells not only serves as a hallmark feature of acute inflammation but also profoundly affects disease outcome following bacterial infection and tissue damage. However, the role of individual glucose metabolic pathways during viral infection remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate an essential function of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP)-associated O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) signaling in promoting antiviral innate immunity. Challenge of macrophages with vesicular stomatitis viruses (VSVs) enhances HBP activity and downstream protein O-GlcNAcylation. Human and murine cells deficient of O-GlcNAc transferase, a key enzyme for protein O-GlcNAcylation, show defective antiviral immune responses upon VSV challenge. Mechanistically, O-GlcNAc transferase-mediated O-GlcNAcylation of the signaling adaptor MAVS on serine 366 is required for K63-linked ubiquitination of MAVS and subsequent downstream retinoic-acid inducible gene-like receptor -antiviral signaling activation. Thus, our study identifies a molecular mechanism by which HBP-mediated O-GlcNAcylation regulates MAVS function and highlights the importance of glucose metabolism in antiviral innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianliang Li
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Xinghui Li
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kuldeep S Attri
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Applied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Changhong Liu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lupeng Li
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Laura E Herring
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yu L Lei
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Applied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Haitao Wen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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29
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Turkyilmaz IB, Coskun ZM, Bolkent S, Yanardag R. The effects of antioxidant combination on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2019; 65:76-83. [PMID: 30942158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is an investigation the protective effects of vitamin C (Vit C), vitamin E (Vit E), β-carotene, sodium selenate combination in indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups. Group I: Intact animals (control). Group II: Control animals receiving Vit C (100 mg/kg/day), Vit E (100 mg/kg/day), β-carotene (15 mg/kg/day) and sodium selenate (0.2 mg/kg/day) for 3 days. Group III: Animals receiving 25 mg/kg indomethacin. Group IV: Animals receiving Vit C, Vit E, β-carotene and sodium selenate (in same doses) for 3 days 2 h before the administration of indomethacin. Group V: Animals receiving ranitidine (150 mg/kg) for 3 days. Group VI: Animals receiving ranitidine for 3 days 2 h before to the administration of indomethacin (in same dose and time). The administration of indomethacin caused a decrease in the levels of glutathione, mucus, hexosamine and in the activities of glutathione-S-transferase, sodium-potassium ATPase, thromboplastic activity and an increase in the aspartate and alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, lactate dehydrogenase, myeloperoxidase activities and sialic acid, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels. Stomach caspase-8 immun+ cell numbers showed a slight increase while caspase-9 immun+ cell numbers reduced in indomethacin given group compared to control animals. Our results findings suggest that the combination of Vit C, Vit E, β-carotene, sodium selenate and ranitidine has a protective effect on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismet Burcu Turkyilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Mine Coskun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Bolkent
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Cerrahpasa Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Holst S, Wilding JL, Koprowska K, Rombouts Y, Wuhrer M. N-Glycomic and Transcriptomic Changes Associated with CDX1 mRNA Expression in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030273. [PMID: 30909444 PMCID: PMC6468459 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The caudal-related homeobox protein 1 (CDX1) is a transcription factor, which is important in the development, differentiation, and homeostasis of the gut. Although the involvement of CDX genes in the regulation of the expression levels of a few glycosyltransferases has been shown, associations between glycosylation phenotypes and CDX1 mRNA expression have hitherto not been well studied. Triggered by our previous study, we here characterized the N-glycomic phenotype of 16 colon cancer cell lines, selected for their differential CDX1 mRNA expression levels. We found that high CDX1 mRNA expression associated with a higher degree of multi-fucosylation on N-glycans, which is in line with our previous results and was supported by up-regulated gene expression of fucosyltransferases involved in antenna fucosylation. Interestingly, hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNF)4A and HNF1A were, among others, positively associated with high CDX1 mRNA expression and have been previously proven to regulate antenna fucosylation. Besides fucosylation, we found that high CDX1 mRNA expression in cancer cell lines also associated with low levels of sialylation and galactosylation and high levels of bisection on N-glycans. Altogether, our data highlight a possible role of CDX1 in altering the N-glycosylation of colorectal cancer cells, which is a hallmark of tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Holst
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Jennifer L Wilding
- Cancer and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Kamila Koprowska
- Cancer and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Yoann Rombouts
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Walter LA, Batt AR, Darabedian N, Zaro BW, Pratt MR. Azide- and Alkyne-Bearing Metabolic Chemical Reporters of Glycosylation Show Structure-Dependent Feedback Inhibition of the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1918-1921. [PMID: 29979493 PMCID: PMC6261355 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic chemical reporters (MCRs) of protein glycosylation are analogues of natural monosaccharides that bear reactive groups, like azides and alkynes. When they are added to living cells and organisms, these small molecules are biosynthetically transformed into nucleotide donor sugars and then used by glycosyltransferases to modify proteins. Subsequent installation of tags by bioorthogonal chemistries can then enable the visualization and enrichment of these glycoproteins. Although this two-step procedure is powerful, the use of MCRs has the potential to change the endogenous production of the natural repertoire of donor sugars. A major route for the generation of these glycosyltransferase substrates is the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), which results in uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). Interestingly, the rate-determining enzyme of the HBP, glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), is feedback inhibited by UDP-GlcNAc. This raises the possibility that a build-up of UDP-MCRs would block the biosynthesis of UDP-GlcNAc, resulting in off target effects. Here, we directly test this possibility with recombinant human GFAT and a small panel of synthetic UDP-MCRs. We find that MCRs with larger substitutions at the N-acetyl position do not inhibit GFAT, whereas those with modifications of the 2- or 6-hydroxy group do. These results further illuminate the considerations that should be applied to the use of MCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Walter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California 840 Downey Way, LJS 250, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 (USA)
| | - Anna R. Batt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California 840 Downey Way, LJS 250, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 (USA)
| | - Narek Darabedian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California 840 Downey Way, LJS 250, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 (USA)
| | - Balyn W. Zaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California 840 Downey Way, LJS 250, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 (USA)
| | - Matthew R. Pratt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California 840 Downey Way, LJS 250, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 (USA)
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California 840 Downey Way, LJS 250, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 (USA)
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Han SS, Shim HE, Park SJ, Kim BC, Lee DE, Chung HM, Moon SH, Kang SW. Safety and Optimization of Metabolic Labeling of Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Tracking. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13212. [PMID: 30181604 PMCID: PMC6123424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic labeling is one of the most powerful methods to label the live cell for in vitro and in vivo tracking. However, the cellular mechanisms by modified glycosylation due to metabolic agents are not fully understood. Therefore, metabolic labeling has not yet been widely used in EPC tracking and labeling. In this study, cell functional properties such as proliferation, migration and permeability and gene expression patterns of metabolic labeling agent-treated hUCB-EPCs were analyzed to demonstrate cellular effects of metabolic labeling agents. As the results, 10 μM Ac4ManNAz treatment had no effects on cellular function or gene regulations, however, higher concentration of Ac4ManNAz (>20 μM) led to the inhibition of functional properties (proliferation rate, viability and rate of endocytosis) and down-regulation of genes related to cell adhesion, PI3K/AKT, FGF and EGFR signaling pathways. Interestingly, the new blood vessel formation and angiogenic potential of hUCB-EPCs were not affected by Ac4ManNAz concentration. Based on our results, we suggest 10 μM as the optimal concentration of Ac4ManNAz for in vivo hUCB-EPC labeling and tracking. Additionally, we expect that our approach can be used for understanding the efficacy and safety of stem cell-based therapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soo Han
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Shim
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soon-Jung Park
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung-Chul Kim
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sun-Woong Kang
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea.
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
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Parveen A, Kim JH, Oh BG, Subedi L, Khan Z, Kim SY. Phytochemicals: Target-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetic Retinopathy. Molecules 2018; 23:E1519. [PMID: 29937497 PMCID: PMC6100391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A variety of causative factors are involved in the initiation of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Current antidiabetic therapies are expensive and not easily accessible by the public. Furthermore, the use of multiple synthetic drugs leads to severe side effects, which worsen the diabetic patient’s condition. Medicinal plants and their derived phytochemicals are considered safe and effective treatment and their consumption can reduce the DR risk. In this article, we discuss a variety of medicinal plants, and their noteworthy bio-active constituents, that will be utilized as target based therapeutic strategies for DR. Methods: A broad-spectrum study was conducted using published English works in various electronic databases including Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results: Targeting the multiple pathological factors including ROS, AGEs formation, hexosamine flux, PARP, PKC, and MAPK activation through variety of bioactive constituents in medicinal plants, diabetes progression can be delayed with improved loss of vision. Conclusions: Data reveals that traditional herbs and their prominent bioactive components control and normalize pathological cellular factors involved in DR progression. Therefore, studies should be carried out to explore the protective retinopathy effects of medicinal plants using experimental animal and humans models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Parveen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 3800, Pakistan.
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
| | - Jin Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
| | - Byeong Gyu Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
| | - Lalita Subedi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
| | - Zahra Khan
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
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Abstract
In this study, we report incorporation of a covalent linker at the anomeric position of N-azidoacetylmannosamine (ManNAz) for caging its metabolic process. We synthesized a DT-diaphorase-responsive metabolic precursor, HQ-NN-AAM, using an optimized linker. The caged metabolite showed responsiveness to DT-diaphorase in vitro, resulting in metabolic incorporation of an azido sugar into the cell surface in multiple cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Durica-Mitic S, Göpel Y, Görke B. Carbohydrate Utilization in Bacteria: Making the Most Out of Sugars with the Help of Small Regulatory RNAs. Microbiol Spectr 2018; 6. [PMID: 29573258 DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.rwr-0013-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival of bacteria in ever-changing habitats with fluctuating nutrient supplies requires rapid adaptation of their metabolic capabilities. To this end, carbohydrate metabolism is governed by complex regulatory networks including posttranscriptional mechanisms that involve small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins. sRNAs limit the response to substrate availability and set the threshold or time required for induction and repression of carbohydrate utilization systems. Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) also involves sRNAs. In Enterobacteriaceae, sRNA Spot 42 cooperates with the transcriptional regulator cyclic AMP (cAMP)-receptor protein (CRP) to repress secondary carbohydrate utilization genes when a preferred sugar is consumed. In pseudomonads, CCR operates entirely at the posttranscriptional level, involving RNA-binding protein Hfq and decoy sRNA CrcZ. Moreover, sRNAs coordinate fluxes through central carbohydrate metabolic pathways with carbohydrate availability. In Gram-negative bacteria, the interplay between RNA-binding protein CsrA and its cognate sRNAs regulates glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in response to signals derived from metabolism. Spot 42 and cAMP-CRP jointly downregulate tricarboxylic acid cycle activity when glycolytic carbon sources are ample. In addition, bacteria use sRNAs to reprogram carbohydrate metabolism in response to anaerobiosis and iron limitation. Finally, sRNAs also provide homeostasis of essential anabolic pathways, as exemplified by the hexosamine pathway providing cell envelope precursors. In this review, we discuss the manifold roles of bacterial sRNAs in regulation of carbon source uptake and utilization, substrate prioritization, and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Durica-Mitic
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne Göpel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Boris Görke
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Immune cell function and fate are intimately linked to engagement of metabolic pathways. The contribution of core metabolic pathways to immune cell bioenergetics has been vigorously investigated in recent years. However, precisely how other peripheral metabolic pathways support immune cells beyond energy generation is less well understood. Here we survey the literature and highlight recent advances in our understanding of several ancillary metabolic pathways and how they support processes beyond ATP production and ultimately contribute to protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Puleston
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, Freiburg 79108, Germany; Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Matteo Villa
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, Freiburg 79108, Germany.
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Mathew MP, Tan E, Labonte JW, Shah S, Saeui CT, Liu L, Bhattacharya R, Bovonratwet P, Gray JJ, Yarema KJ. Glycoengineering of Esterase Activity through Metabolic Flux-Based Modulation of Sialic Acid. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1204-1215. [PMID: 28218815 PMCID: PMC5757160 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the metabolic glycoengineering (MGE) of intracellular esterase activity in human colon cancer (LS174T) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. In silico analysis of carboxylesterases CES1 and CES2 suggested that these enzymes are modified with sialylated N-glycans, which are proposed to stabilize the active multimeric forms of these enzymes. This premise was supported by treating cells with butanolylated ManNAc to increase sialylation, which in turn increased esterase activity. By contrast, hexosamine analogues not targeted to sialic acid biosynthesis (e.g., butanoylated GlcNAc or GalNAc) had minimal impact. Measurement of mRNA and protein confirmed that esterase activity was controlled through glycosylation and not through transcription or translation. Azide-modified ManNAc analogues widely used in MGE also enhanced esterase activity and provided a way to enrich targeted glycoengineered proteins (such as CES2), thereby providing unambiguous evidence that the compounds were converted to sialosides and installed into the glycan structures of esterases as intended. Overall, this study provides a pioneering example of the modulation of intracellular enzyme activity through MGE, which expands the value of this technology from its current status as a labeling strategy and modulator of cell surface biological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit P. Mathew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center
| | - Elaine Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center
| | - Jason W. Labonte
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shivam Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center
| | - Christopher T. Saeui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center
| | - Lingshu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center
| | - Rahul Bhattacharya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center
| | - Patawut Bovonratwet
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center
| | - Jeffrey J. Gray
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kevin J. Yarema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Caing-Carlsson R, Goyal P, Sharma A, Ghosh S, Setty TG, North RA, Friemann R, Ramaswamy S. Crystal structure of N-acetylmannosamine kinase from Fusobacterium nucleatum. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2017; 73:356-362. [PMID: 28580924 PMCID: PMC5458393 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x17007439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids comprise a varied group of nine-carbon amino sugars that are widely distributed among mammals and higher metazoans. Some human commensals and bacterial pathogens can scavenge sialic acids from their environment and degrade them for use as a carbon and nitrogen source. The enzyme N-acetylmannosamine kinase (NanK; EC 2.7.1.60) belongs to the transcriptional repressors, uncharacterized open reading frames and sugar kinases (ROK) superfamily. NanK catalyzes the second step of the sialic acid catabolic pathway, transferring a phosphate group from adenosine 5'-triphosphate to the C6 position of N-acetylmannosamine to generate N-acetylmannosamine 6-phosphate. The structure of NanK from Fusobacterium nucleatum was determined to 2.23 Å resolution by X-ray crystallography. Unlike other NanK enzymes and ROK family members, F. nucleatum NanK does not have a conserved zinc-binding site. In spite of the absence of the zinc-binding site, all of the major structural features of enzymatic activity are conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhawnie Caing-Carlsson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Parveen Goyal
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Box 440, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Atomic Physics, Department of Physics, Lund University, Professorsgatan 1, 22363 Lund, Sweden
| | - Swagatha Ghosh
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Post, Bangalore 560 065, India
| | - Thanuja Gangi Setty
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Post, Bangalore 560 065, India
- School of Life Sciences, TransDisciplinary University, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | - Rachel A. North
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Rosmarie Friemann
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Box 440, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 299 Campus Drive West, Stanford, CA 94305-5126, USA
| | - S. Ramaswamy
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Post, Bangalore 560 065, India
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Hussain N, Adrian TE. Diabetic Neuropathy: Update on Pathophysiological Mechanism and the Possible Involvement of Glutamate Pathways. Curr Diabetes Rev 2017; 13:488-497. [PMID: 27341846 DOI: 10.2174/1573399812666160624122605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes. It adversely affects the lives of most diabetics. It is the leading cause of non-traumatic limb amputation. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy can target any system and increases morbidity and mortality. Treatment begins with adequate glycemic control but despite this, many patients go on to develop neuropathy which suggests there are additional and unidentified, as yet, pathological mechanisms in place. Although several theories exist, the exact mechanisms are not yet established. Disease modifying treatment requires a more complete understanding of the mechanisms of disease. Pathways Involved: This review discusses the potential pathological mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy, including the polyol pathway, hexosamine pathway, protein kinase C, advanced glycation end product formation, polyADP ribose polymerase, and the role of oxidative stress, inflammation, growth factors and lipid abnormalities. Finally it focuses on how possible changes in glutamate signaling pathways fit into the current theories. CONCLUSION Insights into the mechanisms involving gene expression in diabetic neuropathy can help pinpoint genes with altered expression. This will help in the development of novel alternative therapeutic strategies to significantly slow the progression of neuropathy in susceptible individuals and perhaps even prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hussain
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain. United Arab Emirates
| | - Thomas E Adrian
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain. United Arab Emirates
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Wang H, Gauthier M, Kelly JR, Miller RJ, Xu M, O'Brien WD, Cheng J. Targeted Ultrasound-Assisted Cancer-Selective Chemical Labeling and Subsequent Cancer Imaging using Click Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5452-6. [PMID: 27010510 PMCID: PMC4918225 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic sugar labeling followed by the use of reagent-free click chemistry is an established technique for in vitro cell targeting. However, selective metabolic labeling of the target tissues in vivo remains a challenge to overcome, which has prohibited the use of this technique for targeted in vivo applications. Herein, we report the use of targeted ultrasound pulses to induce the release of tetraacetyl N-azidoacetylmannosamine (Ac4 ManAz) from microbubbles (MBs) and its metabolic expression in the cancer area. Ac4 ManAz-loaded MBs showed great stability under physiological conditions, but rapidly collapsed in the presence of tumor-localized ultrasound pulses. The released Ac4 ManAz from MBs was able to label 4T1 tumor cells with azido groups and significantly improved the tumor accumulation of dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-Cy5 by subsequent click chemistry. We demonstrated for the first time that Ac4 ManAz-loaded MBs coupled with the use of targeted ultrasound could be a simple but powerful tool for in vivo cancer-selective labeling and targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Marianne Gauthier
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jamie R Kelly
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rita J Miller
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - William D O'Brien
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA.
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Qiu Y, Zhao D, Butenschön VM, Bauer AT, Schneider SW, Skolnik EY, Hammes HP, Wieland T, Feng Y. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B deficiency causes a diabetes-like vascular pathology via up-regulation of endothelial angiopoietin-2 in the retina. Acta Diabetol 2016; 53:81-9. [PMID: 25900369 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-015-0752-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (NDPKB) is capable of maintaining the cellular nucleotide triphosphate pools. It might therefore supply UTP for the formation of UDP-GlcNAc from glucose. As NDPKB contributes to vascular dysfunction, we speculate that NDPKB might play a role in microangiopathies, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). Therefore, we investigated the impact of NDPKB on retinal vascular damage using NDPKB(-/-) mice during development of DR and its possible mechanisms. METHODS Pericyte loss and acellular capillary (AC) formation were assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic NDPKB(-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice. Expression of angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and protein N-acetylglucosamine modification (GlcNAcylation) were assessed by western blot and/or immunofluorescence in the diabetic retinas as well as in endothelial cells depleted of NDPKB by siRNA and stimulated with high glucose. RESULTS Similar to diabetic WT retinas, non-diabetic NDPKB(-/-) retinas showed a significant decrease in pericyte coverage in comparison with non-diabetic WT retinas. Hyperglycemia further aggravates pericyte loss in diabetic NDPKB(-/-) retinas. AC formation was detected in the diabetic NDPKB(-/-) retinas. Similar to hyperglycemia, NDPKB deficiency induced Ang2 expression and protein GlcNAcylation that were not further altered in the diabetic retinas. In cultured endothelial cells, stimulation with high glucose and NDPKB depletion comparably increased Ang2 expression and protein GlcNAcylation. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify NDPKB as a protective factor in the retina, which controls Ang2 expression and the hexosamine pathway. NDPKB-deficient mice are a suitable model for studying mechanisms underlying diabetic retinal vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qiu
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mybachstr. 14, 68169, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Di Zhao
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mybachstr. 14, 68169, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vicki-Marie Butenschön
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mybachstr. 14, 68169, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander T Bauer
- Division of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan W Schneider
- Division of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Edward Y Skolnik
- Division of Nephrology, New York University Langone Medical Center, 560 1st Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Clinic, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mybachstr. 14, 68169, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yuxi Feng
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mybachstr. 14, 68169, Mannheim, Germany.
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Latif MA, Zaki MZM, Leng TM, Rahman NHA, Arshad SA, Hamid A. Alocasia denudata Engler treatment enhance open wound healing activities in Wistar rat's skin. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 176:258-267. [PMID: 26519202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A. denudata is traditionally used to treat various skin disorders, including wounds. It is widely used by the traditional healers as an effective wound treatment. AIM OF STUDY This study was done to determine A. denudata treatment effects on open wound healing activities in Wistar rat's skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS 120 Wistar rats (250-300 g) were divided into four main groups, 1.5% and 3% A. denudata stem juice treated group, 10% Solcoseryl® gel treated group as positive control and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) treated group as negative control. Six full thicknesses wounds (6mm) were induced bilaterally on the dorsal of the rat's skin. Rats were sacrificed on day 1, 3, 6, 10 and 14. The percentage of wound contraction, biochemical estimations, macroscopic observation and histological examinations were done to evaluate the wound healing activities. RESULTS Results showed wounds treated with A. denudata stem juice possess a significant higher rate of wound contraction (p<0.001), total protein concentration (p<0.05), hexosamine concentration (p<0.001) and uronic acid concentration (p<0.001). Moreover, cathepsin B (p<0.05) and hydroxyproline (p<0.05) level showed lower concentration in wounds treated with A. denudata stem juice. Histological observation of wounds treated with A. denudata stem juice displayed organized epithelial layer with dense and compact collagen fibers. CONCLUSION Both doses of A. denudata stem juice were found to enhance wound healing process. However, wounds treated with 3% A. denudata stem juice were reported to be more effective as a wound healing agent thus support its traditional usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazlyzam Abdul Latif
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zulasyraf Mohd Zaki
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tai May Leng
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hidayah Abdul Rahman
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisyah Arshad
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Asmah Hamid
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Willems AP, van Engelen BGM, Lefeber DJ. Genetic defects in the hexosamine and sialic acid biosynthesis pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:1640-54. [PMID: 26721333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital disorders of glycosylation are caused by defects in the glycosylation of proteins and lipids. Classically, gene defects with multisystem disease have been identified in the ubiquitously expressed glycosyltransferases required for protein N-glycosylation. An increasing number of defects are being described in sugar supply pathways for protein glycosylation with tissue-restricted clinical symptoms. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review, we address the hexosamine and sialic acid biosynthesis pathways in sugar metabolism. GFPT1, PGM3 and GNE are essential for synthesis of nucleotide sugars uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and cytidine-5'-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-sialic acid) as precursors for various glycosylation pathways. Defects in these enzymes result in contrasting clinical phenotypes of congenital myasthenia, immunodeficiency or adult-onset myopathy, respectively. We therefore discuss the biochemical mechanisms of known genetic defects in the hexosamine and CMP-sialic acid synthesis pathway in relation to the clinical phenotypes. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Both UDP-GlcNAc and CMP-sialic acid are important precursors for diverse protein glycosylation reactions and for conversion into other nucleotide-sugars. Defects in the synthesis of these nucleotide sugars might affect a wide range of protein glycosylation reactions. Involvement of multiple glycosylation pathways might contribute to disease phenotype, but the currently available biochemical information on sugar metabolism is insufficient to understand why defects in these pathways present with tissue-specific phenotypes. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Future research on the interplay between sugar metabolism and different glycosylation pathways in a tissue- and cell-specific manner will contribute to elucidation of disease mechanisms and will create new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Glycans in personalised medicine" Guest Editor: Professor Gordan Lauc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke P Willems
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboudumc Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboudumc Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Pham ND, Fermaintt CS, Rodriguez AC, McCombs JE, Nischan N, Kohler JJ. Cellular metabolism of unnatural sialic acid precursors. Glycoconj J 2015; 32:515-29. [PMID: 25957566 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates, in addition to their metabolic functions, serve important roles as receptors, ligands, and structural molecules for diverse biological processes. Insight into carbohydrate biology and mechanisms has been aided by metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE). In MOE, unnatural carbohydrate analogs with novel functional groups are incorporated into cellular glycoconjugates and used to probe biological systems. While MOE has expanded knowledge of carbohydrate biology, limited metabolism of unnatural carbohydrate analogs restricts its use. Here we assess metabolism of SiaDAz, a diazirine-modified analog of sialic acid, and its cell-permeable precursor, Ac4ManNDAz. We show that the efficiency of Ac4ManNDAz and SiaDAz metabolism depends on cell type. Our results indicate that different cell lines can have different metabolic roadblocks in the synthesis of cell surface SiaDAz. These findings point to roles for promiscuous intracellular esterases, kinases, and phosphatases during unnatural sugar metabolism and provide guidance for ways to improve MOE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam D Pham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Charles S Fermaintt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Andrea C Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Janet E McCombs
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Nicole Nischan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jennifer J Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Abstract
Both the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are considered sensors for the nutritional state of the cell. The former is a branch of the glucose metabolic pathway that provides donor molecules for glycosylation processes, whereas the second requires co-translational N-glycosylation to ensure proper protein folding. It has become clear that the microenvironment of solid tumours, characterised by poor oxygen and nutrient supply, challenges optimal functions of the ER and the HBP. Here, we review recent advances demonstrating that the ER stress (ERS) response and HBP pathways are interconnected to promote cell viability. We then develop the idea that communication between ER and HBP is a survival feature of neoplastic cells that plays a prominent role during tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Vasseur
- INSERM U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, France; CNRS, UMR7258, F-13009 Marseille, France; Université Aix-Marseille, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Serge N Manié
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69000 Lyon, France; Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France.
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46
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Kawamura M, Nagano M. Alteration of sialoglycoprotein in the glomerular basement membrane of diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 6:23-33. [PMID: 856536 DOI: 10.1159/000399749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The alteration of glycoprotein in the glomerular basement membrane in diabetic glomerulosclerosis was studied with preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by Uniphor column. Normal glomerular basement membrane was fractionated into 32 glycoprotein fractions. Decrease in sialic acid residue of sialoprotein was the characteristic finding observed in diabetic glomerulosclerosis. A hypothesis which explains the alteration of sialoglycoprotein is proposed.
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Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional eukaryotic organelle where the vast majority of secretory proteins are folded and assembled to achieve their correct tertiary structures. The lumen of the ER and Golgi apparatus also provides an environment for numerous glycosylation reactions essential for modifications of proteins and lipids, and for cell wall biosynthesis. These glycosylation reactions require a constant supply of cytosolically synthesized substrate precursors, nucleotide sugars, which are transported by a group of dedicated nucleotide sugar transporters (NST). Recently, we have reported on the identification of a novel ER-localized NST protein, ROCK1, which mediates the transport of UDP-linked acetylated hexosamines across the ER membrane in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, it has been demonstrated that the activity of ROCK1 is important for the regulation of cytokinin-degrading enzymes, cytokinin oxidases/dehydrogenases (CKX), in the ER and, thus, for cytokinin responses. In this addendum we will address the biochemical and cellular activity of the ROCK1 transporter and its phylogenetic relation to other NST proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael CE Niemann
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics; Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences (DCPS); Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomáš Werner
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics; Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences (DCPS); Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence to: Tomáš Werner;
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48
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Brokate-Llanos AM, Monje JM, Murdoch PDS, Muñoz MJ. Developmental defects in a Caenorhabditis elegans model for type III galactosemia. Genetics 2014; 198:1559-69. [PMID: 25298520 PMCID: PMC4256771 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.114.170084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III galactosemia is a metabolic disorder caused by reduced activity of UDP-galactose-4-epimerase, which participates in galactose metabolism and the generation of various UDP-sugar species. We characterized gale-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans and found that a complete loss-of-function mutation is lethal, as has been hypothesized for humans, whereas a nonlethal partial loss-of-function allele causes a variety of developmental abnormalities, likely resulting from the impairment of the glycosylation process. We also observed that gale-1 mutants are hypersensitive to galactose as well as to infections. Interestingly, we found interactions between gale-1 and the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Brokate-Llanos
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - José M Monje
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Piedad Del Socorro Murdoch
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel J Muñoz
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, 41013 Seville, Spain
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Gnanapragassam VS, Bork K, Galuska CE, Galuska SP, Glanz D, Nagasundaram M, Bache M, Vordermark D, Kohla G, Kannicht C, Schauer R, Horstkorte R. Sialic acid metabolic engineering: a potential strategy for the neuroblastoma therapy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105403. [PMID: 25148252 PMCID: PMC4141789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sialic acids (Sia) represent negative-charged terminal sugars on most glycoproteins and glycolipids on the cell surface of vertebrates. Aberrant expression of tumor associated sialylated carbohydrate epitopes significantly increases during onset of cancer. Since Sia contribute towards cell migration ( = metastasis) and to chemo- and radiation resistance. Modulation of cellular Sia concentration and composition poses a challenge especially for neuroblastoma therapy, due to the high heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance of these cells. Here we propose that Metabolic Sia Engineering (MSE) is an effective strategy to reduce neuroblastoma progression and metastasis. Methods Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were treated with synthetic Sia precursors N-propanoyl mannosamine (ManNProp) or N-pentanoyl mannosamine (ManNPent). Total and Polysialic acids (PolySia) were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography. Cell surface polySia were examined by flow-cytometry. Sia precursors treated cells were examined for the migration, invasion and sensitivity towards anticancer drugs and radiation treatment. Results Treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with ManNProp or ManNPent (referred as MSE) reduced their cell surface sialylation significantly. We found complete absence of polysialylation after treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with ManNPent. Loss of polysialylation results in a reduction of migration and invasion ability of these cells. Furthermore, radiation of Sia-engineered cells completely abolished their migration. In addition, MSE increases the cytotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil or cisplatin. Conclusions Metabolic Sia Engineering (MSE) of neuroblastoma cells using modified Sia precursors reduces their sialylation, metastatic potential and increases their sensitivity towards radiation or chemotherapeutics. Therefore, MSE may serve as an effective method to treat neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayaga S. Gnanapragassam
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Kaya Bork
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christina E. Galuska
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian P. Galuska
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dagobert Glanz
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Manimozhi Nagasundaram
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Bache
- Clinic of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dirk Vordermark
- Clinic of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Guido Kohla
- Octapharma R&D, Molecular Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Roland Schauer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Horstkorte
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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50
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Patzel KA, Yardeni T, Poëc-Celic EL, Leoyklang P, Dorward H, Alonzi DS, Kukushkin NV, Xu B, Zhang Y, Sollogoub M, Blériot Y, Gahl WA, Huizing M, Butters TD. Non-specific accumulation of glycosphingolipids in GNE myopathy. J Inherit Metab Dis 2014; 37:297-308. [PMID: 24136589 PMCID: PMC3979983 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-013-9655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc 6-kinase (GNE) is a bifunctional enzyme responsible for the first committed steps in the synthesis of sialic acid, a common terminal monosaccharide in both protein and lipid glycosylation. GNE mutations are responsible for a rare autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder, GNE myopathy (also called hereditary inclusion body myopathy). The connection between the impairment of sialic acid synthesis and muscle pathology in GNE myopathy remains poorly understood. METHODS Glycosphingolipid (GSL) analysis was performed by HPLC in multiple models of GNE myopathy, including patients' fibroblasts and plasma, control fibroblasts with inhibited GNE epimerase activity through a novel imino sugar, and tissues of Gne(M712T/M712T) knock-in mice. RESULTS Not only neutral GSLs, but also sialylated GSLs, were significantly increased compared to controls in all tested models of GNE myopathy. Treatment of GNE myopathy fibroblasts with N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc), a sialic acid precursor downstream of GNE epimerase activity, ameliorated the increased total GSL concentrations. CONCLUSION GNE myopathy models have increased total GSL concentrations. ManNAc supplementation results in decrease of GSL levels, linking abnormal increase of total GSLs in GNE myopathy to defects in the sialic acid biosynthetic pathway. These data advocate for further exploring GSL concentrations as an informative biomarker, not only for GNE myopathy, but also for other disorders of sialic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Patzel
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry,
University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research
Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tal Yardeni
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry,
University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
- Graduate Partner Program, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel
Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Erell Le Poëc-Celic
- Institut National Des Sciences Appliquées de
Toulouse, Toulouse, 31400, France
| | - Petcharat Leoyklang
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research
Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, 20892, USA
| | - Heidi Dorward
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research
Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dominic S. Alonzi
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry,
University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolay V. Kukushkin
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry,
University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Bixue Xu
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Institut Parisien de
Chimie Monléculaire, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Institut Parisien de
Chimie Monléculaire, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Matthieu Sollogoub
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Institut Parisien de
Chimie Monléculaire, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Yves Blériot
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Institut Parisien de
Chimie Monléculaire, Paris, 75005, France
- IC2MP, UMR, CNRS 7285, Université de Poitiers,
Poitiers Cedex, 86022, France
| | - William A. Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research
Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, 20892, USA
- Office of Rare Diseases Research, Office of the Director,
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, 20892, USA
| | - Marjan Huizing
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research
Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, 20892, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
. Tel. (++1)
301 4022797. Fax (++1) 301 4807825.
. Tel.
(++44) 1865 275725. Fax. (44) (0) 1865 275216
| | - Terry D. Butters
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry,
University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
. Tel. (++1)
301 4022797. Fax (++1) 301 4807825.
. Tel.
(++44) 1865 275725. Fax. (44) (0) 1865 275216
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