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Chang Bejarano A, Champagne P. Optimization of biogas production during start-up with electrode-assisted anaerobic digestion. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134739. [PMID: 35489453 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To better understand anaerobic digestion (AD) conditions during start-up, a series of batch and bench-scale studies were conducted to investigate conditions affecting the performance of the anaerobic reactors, including pH fluctuations, ammonia inhibition, and bioaugmentation. Capacitive soil moisture sensors were placed inside the AD reactors to provide near real-time microbial monitoring under experimental batch conditions and to create a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) environment. After an eight-day digestion process at 40 °C, the capacitive soil moisture sensors performed as a rudimentary microbial activity tracking device. However, the electrodes had a statistically significant impact on biogas production with a small potential 0.8 V having a stabilizing effect on AD at 40 °C during start-up. Furthermore, electrode-assisted AD noted a biogas output 63.7% higher than the conventional AD without electrodes. Conversely, the bioaugmented electrode-assisted AD showed a 7% increase in biogas volume when compared to the non-bioaugmented batch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Chang Bejarano
- Civil Engineering, Queen's University & Beaty Water Research Centre, 69 Union St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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2
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Vítězová M, Lochman J, Zapletalová M, Ratering S, Schnell S, Vítěz T. Archaeal community dynamics in biogas fermentation at various temperatures assessed by mcrA amplicon sequencing using different primer pairs. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:188. [PMID: 34611812 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the taxonomic and functional diversity of methanogenic archaea in two parallel 120 l fermenters operated at different temperatures and fed with maize silage was estimated by mcrA metabarcoding analysis using two typical primer pairs (ML and MLA) amplifying part of the functional methyl coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) gene. The alpha diversity indices showed that the ML primer pair detected a higher Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) abundance compared to the MLA primer pair and methanogen diversity was significantly lower in the 60 °C fermenters. The beta diversity analysis showed the methanogenic community clustered together at 50 °C and 40° and was statistically different from the 60 °C community. Similar, to alpha diversity, beta diversity was also significantly different between primer pairs. At all temperatures analysed, the primer pairs showed a different abundance of the different methanogenic OTUs, e.g. more OTUs relative to Methanoculleus sp. with the ML primer pair, and more OTUs corresponding to Methanobacterium sp. with the MLA primer pair. Moreover, OTUs corresponding to Methanosphaera sp. and Methanobrevibacter sp. were found only by using ML primer pair, while the MLA primer pair detected sequences corresponding to Methanothrix sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vítězová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lochman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Zapletalová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Ratering
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tomáš Vítěz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic
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3
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Rahman MA, Shahazi R, Nova SNB, Uddin MR, Hossain MS, Yousuf A. Biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion using kitchen waste and poultry manure as substrate-part 1: substrate ratio and effect of temperature. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2021; 13:6635-6645. [PMID: 34127942 PMCID: PMC8189274 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-021-01604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly declining fossil fuels are no longer able to meet the ever-increasing energy demand. Moreover, they are considered responsible for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, contributing to the global warming. On the other hand, organic wastes, such as kitchen waste (KW) and poultry manure (PM), represent considerable pollution threat to the environment, if not properly managed. Therefore, anaerobic co-digestion of KW and PM could be a sustainable way of producing clean and renewable energy in the form of biogas while minimizing environmental impact. In this study, the anaerobic co-digestion of KW with PM was studied to assess the rate of cumulative biogas (CBG) production and methane percentage in four digester setups (D1, D2, D3, and D4) operated in batch mode. Each digester setup consisted of five parallelly connected laboratory-scale digesters having a capacity of 1 L each. The digester setups were fed with KW and PM at ratios of 1:0 (D1), 1:1 (D2), 2:1 (D3), and 3:1 (D4) at a constant loading rate of 300 mg/L with 50 gm cow manure (CM) as inoculum and were studied at both room temperature (28 °C) and mesophilic temperature (37 °C) over 24 days. The co-digestion of KW with PM demonstrated a synergistic effect which was evidenced by a 16% and 74% increase in CBG production and methane content, respectively, in D2 over D1. The D3 with 66.7% KW and 33.3% PM produced the highest CBG and methane percentage (396 ± 8 mL and 36%) at room temperature. At mesophilic condition, all the digesters showed better performance, and the highest CBG (920 ± 11 mL) and methane content (48%) were observed in D3. The study suggests that co-digestion of KW and PM at mesophilic condition might be a promising way to increase the production of biogas with better methane composition by ensuring nutrient balance, buffering capacity, and stability of the digester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Razu Shahazi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Syada Noureen Basher Nova
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114 Bangladesh
| | - M. Rakib Uddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114 Bangladesh
- Department of Engineering, Universita Degli Studi Di Napoli “Parthenope”, Napoli- 80143, Italy
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Abu Yousuf
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114 Bangladesh
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4
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Pishgar R, Morin D, Young SJ, Schwartz J, Chu A. Characterization of domestic wastewater released from 'green' households and field study of the performance of onsite septic tanks retrofitted into aerobic bioreactors in cold climate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142446. [PMID: 33039933 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of private septic systems retrofitted into aerobic bioreactors with 'SludgeHammer' technology. In addition, the study attempted to characterize the strength of domestic wastewater released from 'green' households practicing water conservation strategies. Ten retrofitted onsite septic systems were studied in the Edmonton area, Alberta (AB) Canada during winter. These systems could remove BOD5 and TSS by 92 ± 5 and 92 ± 6% respectively which, according to Albertan regulatory standards, were characteristic removal efficiencies of the secondary treatment in the subsequent drain field. These removal efficiencies were remarkable given the strength of the influent wastewater. The raw wastewater carried significantly high pollutant concentrations (1160 ± 350 mg BOD5/L, 1653 ± 1174 mg TSS/L, 99 ± 19 mg NH4+-N/L, 100 ± 56 mg TN/L, and 39 ± 28 mg PO43--P/L), characterizing it as high-strength domestic wastewater. Mixing provided by the aerator could only suspend 1/34th (3% m/m) of the solids in the bioreactor and consequently released significantly low solid concentrations (195 ± 206 mg TSS/L) into the final treatment component. As such, this technology did not impair the natural function of septic tanks or did not create any unintended excessive solid loading on drain field as a consequence of the added mixing energies provided by the active aeration. Nitrogen balance suggested the possibility of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) in the aerobic bioreactors. In some cases, PO43--P removal efficiency was as high as that in enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) process (81-97%). Phosphorus balance estimated that non-assimilative pathways (i.e., EBPR + biologically induced phosphate precipitation (BIPP)) contributed 50-99% to overall phosphorus removal in the system. Long HRTs, high influent BOD5 and anaerobic/aerobic zoning in the bioreactor most likely provided favorable conditions for SND and high phosphorus removal efficiencies in the retrofitted onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Pishgar
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Dean Morin
- Administrator - Private Sewage Systems, Standards Development and Support - Mechanical, Alberta Municipal Affairs, Canada
| | - Shane J Young
- SepTech Solutions Canada, Inc., Edmonton, AB, Canada; SludgeHammer Group, LLC, USA
| | - Jon Schwartz
- SepTech Solutions Canada, Inc., Edmonton, AB, Canada; SludgeHammer Group, LLC, USA
| | - Angus Chu
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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5
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Methanogens Diversity during Anaerobic Sewage Sludge Stabilization and the Effect of Temperature. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8070822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic sludge stabilization is a commonly used technology. Most fermenters are operated at a mesophilic temperature regime. Modern trends in waste management aim to minimize waste generation. One of the strategies can be achieved by anaerobically stabilizing the sludge by raising the temperature. Higher temperatures will allow faster decomposition of organic matter, shortening the retention time, and increasing biogas production. This work is focused on the description of changes in the community of methanogenic microorganisms at different temperatures during the sludge stabilization. At higher temperatures, biogas contained a higher percentage of methane, however, there was an undesirable accumulation of ammonia in the fermenter. Representatives of the hydrogenotrophic genus Methanoliea were described at all temperatures tested. At temperatures up to 50 °C, a significant proportion of methanogens were also formed by acetoclastic representatives of Methanosaeta sp. and acetoclastic representatives of the order Methanosarcinales. The composition of methanogens in the fermenter significantly changed at 60 °C when typically thermophilic species, like Methanothermobacter marburgensis, appeared. A decrease in the diversity of methanogens was observed, and typical hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea isolated from fermenters of biogas plants and anaerobic wastewater treatment plants represented by genus Methanoculleus were no longer present.
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6
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Bonacin YS, Marques ICS, Garcia SB, Silva SBG, Canola PA, Marques JA. The role of vanilloid receptor type 1 (TRPV1) in hyperalgesia related to bovine digital dermatitis. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7315-7321. [PMID: 32505399 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bovine digital dermatitis is a contagious and chronic disease affecting the digits of dairy cattle worldwide. Tissue degradation may alter ionic channels and further activate vanilloid channels, more specifically the vanilloid receptor type 1 (TRPV1) that can generate and modulate hyperalgesia in cows affected with bovine digital dermatitis. The aim of this pilot study was to identify and quantify TRPV1 channels in dairy cows presenting with different stages of bovine digital dermatitis and compare these data according to the disease evolution and degree of hyperalgesia described in previous studies. Biopsies were taken from 15 lactating Holstein cows (23 lesions), and immunochemistry was performed to identify the number of TRPV1 fibers in the 4 M-stages of digital dermatitis and the control group. This pilot study had 5 experimental groups, M1 (5 samples), M2 (5 samples), M3 (4 samples), M4 (4 samples), and the control group (5 samples), with inclusion criteria was the presence of a bovine digital dermatitis lesion in at least one digit. The pilot results demonstrate an increase in expression of TRPV1 receptors in group M4 in comparison with the other groups. Bovine digital dermatitis may cause an increase in expression of TRPV1 receptors in the chronic stages of the disease, possibly contributing to the hyperalgesia described in affected animals; nevertheless, further research is needed to define this relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri S Bonacin
- Department of Clinical and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil 14884-900.
| | - Isabela C S Marques
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil 14049-900
| | - Sérgio B Garcia
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil 14049-900
| | - Samara B G Silva
- Department of Clinical and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil 14884-900
| | - Paulo A Canola
- Department of Clinical and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil 14884-900
| | - José A Marques
- Department of Clinical and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil 14884-900
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7
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Mu L, Zhang L, Zhu K, Ma J, Ifran M, Li A. Anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge, food waste and yard waste: Synergistic enhancement on process stability and biogas production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135429. [PMID: 31837868 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion (co-AD) could be a more sustainable waste management solution by sharing the existed anaerobic digestion (AD) facilities and generating more biogas energy. In this study, a series of co-AD of different urban derived organic wastes (sewage sludge-SS, food waste-FW, yard waste-YW) were conducted in a semi-continuous mode, and the corresponding dynamic evolutions of microbial community structure were followed by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). As for co-AD of two feedstocks, introduction of SS (25%, VS basis) in FW significantly improved the process stability and archaea/total microbe ratio (from 0.4% to 17.1%), which might be due to the regulating effect of abundant trace metals in SS; co-AD of SS (25%, VS basis) with YW improved the methane yield by 2.04 times than AD of YW only together with higher methane contents (57.4 ± 1.3% vs. 50.9 ± 2.2%); in co-AD of FW and YW, synergistic effects in terms of increased methane production (3.4-19.1%) were observed, which was correlated with more robust growth of both bacteria and archaea. As for co-AD of three feedstocks, high methane yields of 314.9 ± 17.1 mL/g VS were achieved with a reliable stability. These findings could provide some fundamental and technical information for the co-treatment of urban derived organic wastes in centralized AD facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Mu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Kongyun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Muhammad Ifran
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Aimin Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, PR China
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8
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Tutar S, Mohamed A, Ha PT, Beyenal H. Electron donor availability controls scale up of anodic biofilms. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 132:107403. [PMID: 31838458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The scale up of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) is a challenging problem that limits the advancement and practical implementation of the technology. The goal of this work is to acquire an understanding of the limitations on scaling up anodic biofilms in BESs. We hypothesized that scaling up is dependent on the availability of electron donors. We tested this hypothesis by enriching anodic biofilms on electrodes of multiple sizes (15 cm2 to 466 cm2) and quantified the anodic current densities while varying the electron donor concentrations. The anodic biofilms were enriched on electrodes under two conditions: (1) in raw wastewater and (2) in wastewater supplemented with 20 mM acetate. Following anodic biofilm enrichment, the current density for each electrode was quantified in artificial wastewater medium with variable COD loadings using acetate as an electron donor. Current generated using anodic biofilms scaled up at a high COD loading (1500 mg/L), while current density decreased with increasing electrode size at lower COD loadings. Further, microbial community analysis revealed that the microbial community was independent of the electrode size but dependent on the medium composition during the enrichment phase. These results provide a practical framework for the design of large-scale BESs based on laboratory-scale measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Secil Tutar
- The Gene and Linda Voiland, School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland, School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Phuc T Ha
- The Gene and Linda Voiland, School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland, School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
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9
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Frunzo L, Fermoso FG, Luongo V, Mattei MR, Esposito G. ADM1-based mechanistic model for the role of trace elements in anaerobic digestion processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 241:587-602. [PMID: 31023491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An original mechanistic model able to describe the fate of trace elements (TE) in anaerobic digestion systems has been synthetized from mass balance equations. The model takes into account the main biochemical and physico-chemical processes affecting TE bioavailability and it is aimed at evaluating the effect that the combination of such processes exerts on the system performance. Five main modules have been introduced: biochemistry, physico-chemistry, sorption, complexation and precipitation. The model is based on mass conservation principles and is formulated as a set of ordinary differential equations for the soluble and particulate components constituting the system. Model applications of two illustrative cases are provided. The first case is based on experimental results and examines the effect of TE depletion in an AD process of food waste (FW). The second case shows the effects of different metal supplements on methane production and biogas composition. The simulation results confirm that the model can fairly be used to predict the effect of TE dynamics and bioavailability, by considering biological, chemical and physicochemical processes in AD environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Frunzo
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia I, Monte S. Angelo, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - F G Fermoso
- Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - V Luongo
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia I, Monte S. Angelo, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - M R Mattei
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia I, Monte S. Angelo, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - G Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples. Italy.
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10
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Pincam T, Brix H, Jampeetong A. Treatment of Anaerobic Digester Effluent Using Acorus calamus: Effects on Plant Growth and Tissue Composition. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 7:E36. [PMID: 29677151 PMCID: PMC6027048 DOI: 10.3390/plants7020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The responses of Acorus calamus under greenhouse conditions for 56 days when exposed to three dilutions (25%, 50%, and undiluted) of anaerobic digester effluent from a swine farm were determined. Plant growth, morphology, pigments, and minerals in plant tissues as well as water quality were investigated. The plants grew well in all concentrations of anaerobic digester effluent with no statistically significant effects on plant growth and morphology, and without any toxicity symptoms. The NH₄⁺ concentrations in leaves and roots and the NO₃− concentrations in leaves as well as the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in the plant tissues increased with increasing effluent concentration. The nutrients in the anaerobic digester effluent were removed effectively (NH₄-N > 99% removal; PO₄-P > 80% removal), with highest removal rates in the undiluted digester effluent. The removal of total suspended solids (>80% in 42 days) and chemical oxygen demand (37⁻53%) were lower. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the anaerobic digester effluent increased overtime, probably because of root oxygen release. It is concluded that Acorus calamus could be a promising species for treating high-strength wastewater with high nutrient concentrations, such as effluents from anaerobic digesters as well as other types of agricultural wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tararag Pincam
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Meuang, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand.
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Meuang, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand.
| | - Hans Brix
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Arunothai Jampeetong
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Meuang, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Meuang, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand.
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11
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Mao C, Zhang T, Wang X, Feng Y, Ren G, Yang G. Process performance and methane production optimizing of anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure and corn straw. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9379. [PMID: 28839230 PMCID: PMC5571176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
During anaerobic digestion (AD) process, process parameters e.g., VFA, pH, COD removal … and kinetic parameters e.g., hydrolysis rate, lag phase and methane production potential… are the important indicator for illustrating AD process performance, however, the AD process performance based on these parameters remains poorly understood. To estimate process performance focusing on initial pH and substrate composition, the effects of initial pH and swine manure to corn straw ratio on biogas production and these parameters and linkages of these parameters were analyzed. Also, the methane production was optimized. The results revealed that the maximum methane yield and methane production rate were obtained with initial pH 7.5 and SM/CS ratio of 70:30. Kinetic parameters are coupled with process parameters, especially for COD removal rate, VS degradation rate, VFA and pH. Hydrolysis constant positively correlated with pH, COD removal rate and VS degradation rate, then impacted methane production and lag phase. Meanwhile, lag phase and the maximum methane production rate were directly determined by VFA and COD removal rate. The optimum initial pH and SM/CS ratio were 7.15 and 0.62, respectively, with a predicted maximum methane content of 55.12%. Thinking these findings together, they provide a scientific theory for estimating AD performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Mao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,The Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,The Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojiao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,The Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhong Feng
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China. .,The Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Guangxin Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,The Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaihe Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,The Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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12
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Hagen LH, Frank JA, Zamanzadeh M, Eijsink VGH, Pope PB, Horn SJ, Arntzen MØ. Quantitative Metaproteomics Highlight the Metabolic Contributions of Uncultured Phylotypes in a Thermophilic Anaerobic Digester. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:e01955-16. [PMID: 27815274 PMCID: PMC5203625 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01955-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used multiple meta-omic approaches to characterize the microbial community and the active metabolic pathways of a stable industrial biogas reactor with food waste as the dominant feedstock, operating at thermophilic temperatures (60°C) and elevated levels of free ammonia (367 mg/liter NH3-N). The microbial community was strongly dominated (76% of all 16S rRNA amplicon sequences) by populations closely related to the proteolytic bacterium Coprothermobacter proteolyticus. Multiple Coprothermobacter-affiliated strains were detected, introducing an additional level of complexity seldom explored in biogas studies. Genome reconstructions provided metabolic insight into the microbes that performed biomass deconstruction and fermentation, including the deeply branching phyla Dictyoglomi and Planctomycetes and the candidate phylum "Atribacteria" These biomass degraders were complemented by a synergistic network of microorganisms that convert key fermentation intermediates (fatty acids) via syntrophic interactions with hydrogenotrophic methanogens to ultimately produce methane. Interpretation of the proteomics data also suggested activity of a Methanosaeta phylotype acclimatized to high ammonia levels. In particular, we report multiple novel phylotypes proposed as syntrophic acetate oxidizers, which also exert expression of enzymes needed for both the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway and β-oxidation of fatty acids to acetyl coenzyme A. Such an arrangement differs from known syntrophic oxidizing bacteria and presents an interesting hypothesis for future studies. Collectively, these findings provide increased insight into active metabolic roles of uncultured phylotypes and presents new synergistic relationships, both of which may contribute to the stability of the biogas reactor. IMPORTANCE Biogas production through anaerobic digestion of organic waste provides an attractive source of renewable energy and a sustainable waste management strategy. A comprehensive understanding of the microbial community that drives anaerobic digesters is essential to ensure stable and efficient energy production. Here, we characterize the intricate microbial networks and metabolic pathways in a thermophilic biogas reactor. We discuss the impact of frequently encountered microbial populations as well as the metabolism of newly discovered novel phylotypes that seem to play distinct roles within key microbial stages of anaerobic digestion in this stable high-temperature system. In particular, we draft a metabolic scenario whereby multiple uncultured syntrophic acetate-oxidizing bacteria are capable of syntrophically oxidizing acetate as well as longer-chain fatty acids (via the β-oxidation and Wood-Ljundahl pathways) to hydrogen and carbon dioxide, which methanogens subsequently convert to methane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Live H Hagen
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Jeremy A Frank
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Mirzaman Zamanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Phillip B Pope
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Svein J Horn
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Magnus Ø Arntzen
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
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13
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Cavinato C, Da Ros C, Pavan P, Bolzonella D. Influence of temperature and hydraulic retention on the production of volatile fatty acids during anaerobic fermentation of cow manure and maize silage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 223:59-64. [PMID: 27780092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of a separate hydrolysis step by testing different working temperatures (37-55°C) and hydraulic retention times (two, four and six days) and by evaluating readily biodegradable carbon production. The fermentation products included primarily acetic, propionic and butyric acids. These acids can be easily converted into biogas or can be recovered in a biorefinery approach, for example, to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates. The optimal condition was found by applying an organic loading rate of 17.9gTVSm-3 with a four-day retention time at 37°C for an acidification yield of 183.2gCODVFAkgVSfed-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cavinato
- University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, via Torino 155, I-30172 Mestre, Venice, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Da Ros
- University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, via Torino 155, I-30172 Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Paolo Pavan
- University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, via Torino 155, I-30172 Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - David Bolzonella
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, Strada le Grazie 15, I-37134, Verona, Italy
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14
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Carey DE, Yang Y, McNamara PJ, Mayer BK. Recovery of agricultural nutrients from biorefineries. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 215:186-198. [PMID: 26948442 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This review lays the foundation for why nutrient recovery must be a key consideration in design and operation of biorefineries and comprehensively reviews technologies that can be used to recover an array of nitrogen, phosphorus, and/or potassium-rich products of relevance to agricultural applications. Recovery of these products using combinations of physical, chemical, and biological operations will promote sustainability at biorefineries by converting low-value biomass (particularly waste material) into a portfolio of higher-value products. These products can include a natural partnering of traditional biorefinery outputs such as biofuels and chemicals together with nutrient-rich fertilizers. Nutrient recovery not only adds an additional marketable biorefinery product, but also avoids the negative consequences of eutrophication, and helps to close anthropogenic nutrient cycles, thereby providing an alternative to current unsustainable approaches to fertilizer production, which are energy-intensive and reliant on nonrenewable natural resource extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Carey
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, 1637 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, 1637 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Patrick J McNamara
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, 1637 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Brooke K Mayer
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, 1637 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
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15
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Yun YM, Kim DH, Cho SK, Shin HS, Jung KW, Kim HW. Mitigation of ammonia inhibition by internal dilution in high-rate anaerobic digestion of food waste leachate and evidences of microbial community response. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 113:1892-901. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeo-Myeong Yun
- College of Agriculture; Forestry and Natural Resource Management; University of Hawaii at Hilo; Hilo Hawaii
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Civil Engineering; Inha University; Nam-gu, Incheon Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Kyung Cho
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science; Dongguk University; Ilsandong-gu, Goyang Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Sik Shin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; KAIST; Yuseong-gu, Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Won Jung
- Center for Water Resources Cycle Research; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seonbuk-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering; Soil Environment Research Center; Chonbuk National University; 567 Baekje-daero, deokjin-gu Jeonju 54896 Republic of Korea
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16
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Changes in P fractions after long-term application of biogas slurry to soils under organic farming. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13165-015-0135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Andersen DS, Van Weelden MB, Trabue SL, Pepple LM. Lab-assay for estimating methane emissions from deep-pit swine manure storages. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 159:18-26. [PMID: 25996623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Methane emission is an important tool in the evaluation of manure management systems due to the potential impact it has on global climate change. Field procedures used for estimating methane emission rates require expensive equipment, are time consuming, and highly variable between farms. The purpose of this paper is to report a simple laboratory procedure for estimating methane emission from stored manure. The test developed was termed a methane production rate (MPR) assay as it provides a short-term biogas production measurement. The MPR assay incubation time is short (3d), requires no sample preparation in terms of inoculation or dilution of manure, is incubated at room temperature, and the manure is kept stationary. These conditions allow for high throughput of samples and were chosen to replicate the conditions within deep-pit manure storages. In brief, an unaltered aliquot of manure was incubated at room temperature for a three-days to assay the current rate of methane being generated by the manure. The results from this assay predict an average methane emission factor of 12.2 ± 8.1 kg CH4 head(-1) yr(-1) per year, or about 5.5 ± 3.7 kg CH4 per finished animal, both of which compare well to literature values of 5.5 ± 1.1 kg CH4 per finished pig for deep-pit systems (Liu et al., 2013). The average methane flux across all sites and months was estimated to be 22 ± 17 mg CH4 m(-2)-min(-1), which is within literature values for deep-pit systems ranging from 0.24 to 63 mg CH4 m(-2)-min(-1) (Park et al., 2006) and similar to the 15 mg CH4 m(-2)-min(-1) estimated by (Zahn et al., 2001).
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Andersen
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, 3348 Elings Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - M B Van Weelden
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, 3348 Elings Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - S L Trabue
- National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, 2110 University Blvd., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - L M Pepple
- Agricultural & Biological Engineering Dept., University of Illinois, 336 AESB, MC 644 1304 W., Pennsylvania Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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18
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Tsavkelova EA, Egorova MA, Petrova EV, Netrusov AI. Biogas production by microbial communities via decomposition of cellulose and food waste. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683812040126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Lee IS, Parameswaran P, Rittmann BE. Effects of solids retention time on methanogenesis in anaerobic digestion of thickened mixed sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:10266-10272. [PMID: 21967716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
When a bench-scale digester fed thickened mixed sludge was operated over an SRT range of 4-20 days, removal efficiencies for total chemical oxygen demand and volatile suspended solids declined with decreasing SRT (especially <10 days), but methanogenesis was stable for SRT as low as 5 days. Quantitative PCR analyses showed that methanogens declined steadily for SRT<10 days, with the acetate-cleaving Methanosaetaceae becoming more dominant. Clone-library analyses indicated significant shifts in bacterial population from 20 to 4 day SRT: declining Chloroflexi (28 to 4.5%) and Syntrophomonas (9 to 0%), but increasing Bacteroidetes (12.5 to 20%) and two acetogenic genera belonging to the phyla Firmicutes and Spirochaetales (6.3 to 12%). Thus, the decrease in the apparent hydrolysis constant (khyd-app) with higher SRT and the process limiting size of Methanosaetaceae with the lower SRT are proactive signs for defining rate limitation in anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Su Lee
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
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20
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Otero M, Lobato A, Cuetos MJ, Sánchez ME, Gómez X. Digestion of cattle manure: thermogravimetric kinetic analysis for the evaluation of organic matter conversion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:3404-3410. [PMID: 21055918 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of cattle manure was studied under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions with the purpose of evaluating the effect of temperature on the quality of the final digestate. Non-isothermal thermogravimetric kinetic analysis was applied for assessing organic matter conversion of biological stabilization. The mathematical approximation proves to be a useful tool for evaluating the differences attained during biological degradation. The anaerobic digestion of the organic substrate resulted in a reduction of the activation energy value obtained from the different applied kinetic models. Results obtained from thermal kinetic analysis were in accordance with those from the monitoring of the anaerobic digestion process. The higher values of methane yield reported for the mesophilic digestion in comparison to that of the thermophilic indicated a greater capability of the former process in the utilization of substrate and thus a higher conversion of organic matter which can be quantified by the activation energy value.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Otero
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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21
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Fdez-Güelfo LA, Álvarez-Gallego C, Sales Márquez D, Romero García LI. Dry-thermophilic anaerobic digestion of simulated organic fraction of municipal solid waste: process modeling. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:606-611. [PMID: 20729078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Solid retention time (SRT) is a very important operational variable in continuous and semicontinuous waste treatment processes since the organic matter removal efficiency--expressed in terms of percentage of Dissolved Organic Carbon (% DOC) or Volatile Solids (% VS) removed--and the biogas or methane production are closely related with the SRT imposed. Optimum SRT is depending on the waste characteristics and the microorganisms involved in the process and, hence, it should be determined specifically in each case. In this work a series of experiments were carried out to determine the effect of SRT, from 40 to 8 days, on the performance of the dry (30% Total Solids) thermophilic (55°C) anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes (OFMSW) operating at semicontinuous regime of feeding. The experimental results show than 15days is the optimum SRT (the best between all proved) for this process. Besides, data of organic matter concentration and methane production versus SRT have been used to obtain the kinetic parameters of the kinetic model of Romero García (1991): the maximum specific growth rate of the microorganisms (μmax=0.580 days(-1)) and the fraction of substrate non-biodegradable (α=0.268).
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Fdez-Güelfo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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22
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Alkaya E, Erguder TH, Demirer GN. Effect of operational parameters on anaerobic co-digestion of dairy cattle manure and agricultural residues: A case study for the Kahramanmaraş region in Turkey. Eng Life Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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23
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Digestion of cattle manure under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions: characterization of organic matter applying thermal analysis and 1H NMR. Biodegradation 2010; 22:623-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-010-9436-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Levén L, Eriksson ARB, Schnürer A. Effect of process temperature on bacterial and archaeal communities in two methanogenic bioreactors treating organic household waste. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2007; 59:683-93. [PMID: 17381521 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00263.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial and archaeal community structure was examined in two methanogenic anaerobic digestion processes degrading organic household waste at mesophilic (37 degrees C) and thermophilic (55 degrees C) temperatures. Analysis of bacterial clone libraries revealed a predominance of Bacteroidetes (34% of total clones) and Chloroflexi (27%) at the mesophilic temperature. In contrast, in the thermophilic clone library, the major group of clones were affiliated with Thermotogae (61%). Within the domain Archaea, the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota were both represented, the latter only at the mesophilic temperature. The dominating archaeons grouped with Methanospirillum and Methanosarcina species at the mesophilic and thermophilic temperature, respectively. Generally, there was a higher frequency of different sequences at the lower temperature, suggesting a higher diversity compared to the community present at the thermophilic temperature. Furthermore, it was not only the species richness that was affected by temperature, but also the phylogenetic distribution of the microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Levén
- Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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25
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26
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Demirer GN, Chen S. Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Manure in a Hybrid Reactor with Biogas Recirculation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-005-7371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Song YC, Kwon SJ, Woo JH. Mesophilic and thermophilic temperature co-phase anaerobic digestion compared with single-stage mesophilic- and thermophilic digestion of sewage sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2004; 38:1653-1662. [PMID: 15026219 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2003.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The performance of thermophilic and mesophilic temperature co-phase anaerobic digestions for sewage sludge, using the exchange process of the digesting sludge between spatially separated mesophilic and thermophilic digesters, was examined, and compared to single-stage mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestions. The reduction of volatile solids from the temperature co-phase anaerobic digestion system was dependent on the sludge exchange rate, but was 50.7-58.8%, which was much higher than 46.8% of single-stage thermophilic digestion, as well as 43.5% of the mesophilic digestion. The specific methane yield was 424-468 mL CH(4) per gram volatile solids removed, which was as good as that of single-stage mesophilic anaerobic digestion. The process stability and the effluent quality in terms of volatile fatty acids and soluble chemical oxygen demand of the temperature co-phase anaerobic digestion system were considerably better than those of the single-stage mesophilic anaerobic processes. The destruction of total coliform in the temperature co-phase system was 98.5-99.6%, which was similar to the single-stage thermophilic digestion. The higher performances on the volatile solid and pathogen reduction, and stable operation of the temperature co-phase anaerobic system might be attributable to the well-functioned thermophilic digester, sharing nutrients and intermediates for anaerobic microorganisms, and selection of higher substrate affinity anaerobic microorganisms in the co-phase system, as a result of the sludge exchange between the mesophilic and thermophilic digesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Chae Song
- Division of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Korea Maritime University, 1, Dongsam-Dong, Yeongdo-Gu, Busan 606-791, South Korea.
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28
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Mora-Naranjo N, Meima JA, Haarstrick A, Hempel DC. Modelling and experimental investigation of environmental influences on the acetate and methane formation in solid waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2004; 24:763-773. [PMID: 15381228 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2004.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic reaction model is represented and used for simulation of the biodegradation of organic compounds and the generation of biogas. The model is based on fundamental relationships among physical, chemical, thermodynamic and microbial processes occurring in municipal landfills. Local microbially mediated degradation processes occurring in municipal landfills are simulated in terms of hydrolysis of readily and inherently degradable organic matter, the formation of acetate as surrogate for intermediary low-molecular carbon substrates, and the generation of the biogases CH4 and CO2. Thus, the overall decomposition of the organic matter has been assumed to follow three sequential anaerobic reactions steps: hydrolysis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. In order to study the impact of environmental factors on the biological decomposition processes, experiments have been conducted to investigate the effect of temperature and water content. In the degradation model, the impact of temperature and water content was defined as reaction rate influencing factors. Further, waste samples have been taken from four drill holes on a municipal landfill near Wolfsburg (Germany) and used to analyze and to describe the waste composition and prevailing environmental conditions dependent on the depth of the drill hole. The data and waste samples obtained from the landfill have also been used for model development and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mora-Naranjo
- Technical University of Braunschweig, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Gaussstr.17, 38106, Germany
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29
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30
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Sánchez E, Borja R, Weiland P, Travieso L, Martı́n A. Effect of substrate concentration and temperature on the anaerobic digestion of piggery waste in a tropical climate. Process Biochem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(01)00240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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