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Specht A, Carneiro E, Roque-Specht VF, Casagrande MM, Venâncio L, Malaquias JV, Bonfin FAD, Vieira PVM. Life history traits of Praina temperata (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae): a widely distributed and neglected cutworm of the Neotropics. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2021.1951639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Specht
- Embrapa Cerrados, Laboratório de Entomologia, Planaltina- DF, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Carneiro
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | | | - Mirna M. Casagrande
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Lidia Venâncio
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo V. M. Vieira
- Instituto Central de Ciências, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darci Ribeiro, Brasília- DF, Brazil
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Jacques FL, Degrande PE, Gauer E, Malaquias JB, Scoton AMN. Intercropped Bt and non-Bt corn with ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) as a tool to resistance management of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3372-3381. [PMID: 33786976 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corn intercropped with ruzigrass is common in Brazil, and it can improve the physicochemical features of soils, increase water retention, and suppress the emergence of resistant weeds and soil nematodes. As both corn and ruzigrass are hosts to Spodoptera frugiperda (the main corn pest in South America), the cultivation of both these plants in the same place at one time motivates investigation into the pest population dynamics. We hypothesize that the intercropping system influences S. frugiperda pressure and leaf injury in corn. Considering that if corn hybrids with high dose toxin expression are used, ruzigrass may be a potential host to susceptible S. frugiperda larvae, consequently an alternative refuge and be included as a tool for the resistant management of Bt corn. To test these hypotheses about the use of ruzigrass as an alternative host of S. frugiperda in an intercropping system with corn, we conducted field trials in three seasons to verify S. frugiperda population dynamics and leaf injury to crop systems. In addition to phenotypic evaluation, we also characterized molecularly S. frugiperda strains collected in corn and ruzigrass to identify strain differences. RESULTS The insects collected in both corn and ruzigrass were identified as corn strains. Ruzigrass was used as a S. frugiperda host during all crop cycles. The intercropped system did not increase the S. frugiperda population or leaf injury on Bt corn. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the intercropped system is not prejudicial to Bt corn cultivation since high dose concept applies to all larvae instars. The results also suggest that ruzigrass may be used as a promising alternative refuge in Bt corn agroecosystems, if compliance with management strategies is followed. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe L Jacques
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Degrande
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
| | - Evandro Gauer
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
| | - José B Malaquias
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences-IBB, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria N Scoton
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brazil
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Specht A, Sosa-Gómez DR, Rios DAM, Claudino VCM, Paula-Moraes SV, Malaquias JV, Silva FAM, Roque-Specht VF. Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil: the Big Outbreak Monitored by Light Traps. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:53-67. [PMID: 33501635 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The first detection of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil pointed to a gloomy future for South American agriculture in the 2012/2013 harvest, and insecticide sales increased exponentially during 2013 and 2014. However, after this outbreak, the population of this insect returned to manageable levels. This study documents data on H. armigera moth collection using light traps during the outbreak in two locations: (a) western region of the state of Bahia, including population levels of H. armigera and main noctuid pests during the big outbreak (February and March 2013); (b) Federal District, including monthly data for five growing seasons (July 2012-June 2017). During the outbreak, an average of 527.3 moths were collected per trap (cotton crop, March) in the western region of Bahia each night, while the maximum average in the Federal District was 75.4 moths (January). The number of moths decreased in the following growing seasons, and in October 2016, the maximum number was 2.8 moths per trap. Aspects related to the variations of H. armigera and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) populations, including the study of phenology and relationship with climatic factors and Oceanic Niño Index, were analyzed and discussed. All aspects are approached to contribute to the management of lepidopteran pests, especially H. armigera, in the productive systems of the Brazilian Cerrado.
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Valencia-Montoya WA, Elfekih S, North HL, Meier JI, Warren IA, Tay WT, Gordon KHJ, Specht A, Paula-Moraes SV, Rane R, Walsh TK, Jiggins CD. Adaptive Introgression across Semipermeable Species Boundaries between Local Helicoverpa zea and Invasive Helicoverpa armigera Moths. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 37:2568-2583. [PMID: 32348505 PMCID: PMC7475041 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization between invasive and native species has raised global concern, given the dramatic increase in species range shifts and pest outbreaks due to anthropogenic dispersal. Nevertheless, secondary contact between sister lineages of local and invasive species provides a natural laboratory to understand the factors that determine introgression and the maintenance or loss of species barriers. Here, we characterize the early evolutionary outcomes following secondary contact between invasive Helicoverpa armigera and native H. zea in Brazil. We carried out whole-genome resequencing of Helicoverpa moths from Brazil in two temporal samples: during the outbreak of H. armigera in 2013 and 2017. There is evidence for a burst of hybridization and widespread introgression from local H. zea into invasive H. armigera coinciding with H. armigera expansion in 2013. However, in H. armigera, the admixture proportion and the length of introgressed blocks were significantly reduced between 2013 and 2017, suggesting selection against admixture. In contrast to the genome-wide pattern, there was striking evidence for adaptive introgression of a single region from the invasive H. armigera into local H. zea, including an insecticide resistance allele that increased in frequency over time. In summary, despite extensive gene flow after secondary contact, the species boundaries are largely maintained except for the single introgressed region containing the insecticide-resistant locus. We document the worst-case scenario for an invasive species, in which there are now two pest species instead of one, and the native species has acquired resistance to pyrethroid insecticides through introgression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Valencia-Montoya
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Samia Elfekih
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Henry L North
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joana I Meier
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Warren
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Karl H J Gordon
- CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | | | - Rahul Rane
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tom K Walsh
- CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Chris D Jiggins
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Piovesan M, Carneiro E, Specht A, Casagrande MM. Where and when? How phenological patterns of armyworm moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) change along a latitudinal gradient in Brazil. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2019; 109:490-499. [PMID: 30457062 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The phenological patterns exhibited by different organisms are known as adaptive responses to the cyclical environmental conditions. However, only a limited number of researches explore which factors are responsible for these phenological patterns in pest species. In the current study, abundance patterns were studied in the phenology of three Spodoptera Guenée, 1852 species, along the 29° latitudinal gradient in South America. The goal was to test whether widely distributed and abundant crop pest species would exhibit different phenological responses to seasonal meteorological variables and host plant availability. To test this, 13 light traps were set up in Brazil to collect adult Spodoptera samples at the time of the new moon, every month, from June 2015 to May 2016. The time of occurrence and intensity of the phenology were determined for each species, employing circular statistics. Both metrics revealed significant variations among the different species, as well as the factors associated with them. Latitude was found to affect the period of occurrence in Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker, 1858) and Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857), whereas in Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) its effect was evident only in the intensity of its phenology. Further, both meteorological variables and host plant availability in the sampling sites produced predictive models to account for the phenological patterns expressed. These findings suggest that different species of Spodoptera exhibit different adaptive strategies in their life cycles in response to environmental conditions, thus necessitating specific management practices regarding their seasonal population fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Piovesan
- Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81.531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - E Carneiro
- Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81.531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - A Specht
- Embrapa Cerrados, Caixa Postal 08223, 73.310-970 Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brasil
| | - M M Casagrande
- Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81.531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
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