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Chen J, Liu X, Zhang Z, Su R, Geng Y, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Su M. Early Diagnostic Markers for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Copy Number Alteration Gene Identification and cfDNA Detection. J Transl Med 2024; 104:102127. [PMID: 39182610 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2024.102127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is exacerbated by the absence of early diagnostic markers. The pronounced heterogeneity of mutations in ESCC renders copy number alterations (CNAs) more prevalent among patients. The identification of CNA genes within esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD), a precancerous stage of ESCC, is crucial for advancing early detection efforts. Utilization of liquid biopsies via droplet-based digital PCR (ddPCR) offers a novel strategy for detecting incipient tumor traces. This study undertook a thorough investigation of CNA profiles across ESCC development stages, integrating data from existing databases and prior investigations to pinpoint and confirm CNA markers conducive to early detection of ESCC. Targeted sequencing was employed to select potential early detection genes, followed by the establishment of prediction models for ESCC early detection using ddPCR. Our analysis revealed widespread CNAs during the ESD stage, mirroring the CNA landscape observed in ESCC. A total of 40 CNA genes were identified as highly frequent in both ESCC and ESD lesions, through a comprehensive gene-level CNA analysis encompassing ESD and ESCC tissues, ESCC cell lines, and pan-cancer data sets. Subsequent validation of 5 candidate markers via ddPCR underscored the efficacy of combined predictive models encompassing PIK3CA, SOX2, EGFR, MYC, and CCND1 in early ESCC screening, as evidenced by the area-under-the-curve values exceeding 0.92 (P < .0001) across various detection contexts. The findings highlighted the significant utility of CNA genes in the early screening of ESCC, presenting robust models that could facilitate early detection, broad-scale population screening, and adjunctive diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ruibing Su
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yiqun Geng
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Min Su
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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Jin G, Liu K, Guo Z, Dong Z. Precision therapy for cancer prevention by targeting carcinogenesis. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 39140807 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Cancer represents a major global public health burden, with new cases estimated to increase from 14 million in 2012 to 24 million by 2035. Primary prevention is an effective strategy to reduce the costs associated with cancer burden. For example, measures to ban tobacco consumption have dramatically decreased lung cancer incidence and vaccination against human papillomavirus can prevent cervical cancer development. Unfortunately, the etiological factors of many cancer types are not completely clear or are difficult to actively control; therefore, the primary prevention of such cancers is not practical. In this review, we update the progress on precision therapy by targeting the whole carcinogenesis process, especially for three high-risk groups: (1) those with chronic inflammation, (2) those with inherited germline mutations, and (3) those with precancerous lesions like polyps, gastritis, actinic keratosis or dysplasia. We believe that attenuating chronic inflammation, treating precancerous lesions, and removing high-risk tissues harboring germline mutations are precision methods for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoguo Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhiping Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Arai T, Ono S, Takubo K. Squamous Neoplastic Precursor Lesions of the Esophagus. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2024; 53:25-38. [PMID: 38280749 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Clinicopathological and molecular studies have demonstrated that dysplasia is a precancerous and/or neoplastic lesion with malignant potential. Further, it is subclassified into two grades: high-grade and low-grade dysplasia. High-grade dysplasia is a clinically significant lesion requiring resection or ablation. Low-grade dysplasia has a much lower risk of carcinoma; thus, it should be followed by endoscopic surveillance. Because squamous dysplasia may progress to squamous cell carcinoma, periodic endoscopy is useful to detect the lesion in patients with risk factors. Squamous dysplasia is diagnosed histopathologically by evaluating both cytologic and structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kaiyo Takubo
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Chen L, Zhu S, Liu T, Zhao X, Xiang T, Hu X, Wu C, Lin D. Aberrant epithelial cell interaction promotes esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma development and progression. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:453. [PMID: 38097539 PMCID: PMC10721848 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proliferation play important roles in epithelial cancer formation and progression, but what molecules and how they trigger EMT is largely unknown. Here we performed spatial transcriptomic and functional analyses on samples of multistage esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) from mice and humans to decipher these critical issues. By investigating spatiotemporal gene expression patterns and cell-cell interactions, we demonstrated that the aberrant epithelial cell interaction via EFNB1-EPHB4 triggers EMT and cell cycle mediated by downstream SRC/ERK/AKT signaling. The aberrant epithelial cell interaction occurs within the basal layer at early precancerous lesions, which expands to the whole epithelial layer and strengthens along the cancer development and progression. Functional analysis revealed that the aberrant EFNB1-EPHB4 interaction is caused by overexpressed ΔNP63 due to TP53 mutation, the culprit in human ESCC tumorigenesis. Our results shed new light on the role of TP53-TP63/ΔNP63-EFNB1-EPHB4 axis in EMT and cell proliferation in epithelial cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shihao Zhu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tianyuan Liu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tao Xiang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- CAMS Oxford Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100006, China.
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Tsou YK, Yeh CJ, Le PH, Chen BH, Lin CH. Endoscopic Resection of Residual or Recurrent Lesions after Circumferential Radiofrequency Ablation for Flat Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Neoplasias. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3558. [PMID: 37509221 PMCID: PMC10377592 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimal treatment of residual/recurrent superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasias (SESCNs) after circumferential radiofrequency (RFA) remains unclear. We aimed to report the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection (ER) of residual/recurrent SESCNs after RFA. Patients who underwent circumferential RFA with residual/recurrent SESCNs and were treated with ER were retrospectively collected. SESCN patients treated with primary endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) served as the control group. Eleven patients who underwent RFA had a total of 17 residual (n = 8) or recurrent (n = 9) SESCNs and were treated for ER. EMR failed to remove one residual SESCN. Of the 16 resected specimens, 10 were high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) and six were cancer. Eight cases had neoplasia extending to esophageal ducts/submucosal glands (SMGs). The pathological results may imply three possible routes in which residual/recurrent SESCNs occurred: HGIN without ductal/SMG involvement (37.5%), HGIN with ductal/SMG involvement (25.0%), and SCC with muscularis mucosae or deeper involvement (37.5%). Compared with the control group, the study group had similar procedural speed, en bloc resection rate, R0 resection rate, and complication rate. In conclusion, the safety and efficacy of post-RFA ESD were similar to those of primary ESD. ESD should be the treatment of choice for residual/recurrent SESCNs after initial RFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Kuan Tsou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ju Yeh
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
| | - Puo-Hsien Le
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Huan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33353, Taiwan
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Chen Y, Zhu S, Liu T, Zhang S, Lu J, Fan W, Lin L, Xiang T, Yang J, Zhao X, Xi Y, Ma Y, Cheng G, Lin D, Wu C. Epithelial cells activate fibroblasts to promote esophageal cancer development. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:903-918.e8. [PMID: 36963399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) develops through multistage epithelial cancer formation, i.e., from normal epithelium, low- and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive carcinoma. However, how the precancerous lesions progress to carcinoma remains elusive. Here, we report a comprehensive single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomic study of 79 multistage esophageal lesions from 29 patients with ESCC. We reveal a gradual and significant loss of ANXA1 expression in epithelial cells due to its transcription factor KLF4 suppression along the lesion progression. We demonstrate that ANXA1 is a ligand to formyl peptide receptor type 2 (FPR2) on fibroblasts that maintain fibroblast homeostasis. Loss of ANXA1 leads to uncontrolled transformation of normal fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which can be enhanced by secreted TGF-β from malignant epithelial cells. Given the role of CAFs in cancer, our study underscores ANXA1/FPR2 signaling as an important crosstalk mechanism between epithelial cells and fibroblasts in promoting ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Chen
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shihao Zhu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tianyuan Liu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shaosen Zhang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Junting Lu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Wenyi Fan
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tao Xiang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yiyi Xi
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuling Ma
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guoyu Cheng
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; CAMS Oxford Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100006, China.
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Pan W, Wu J, Liu C, He Y, Yang J. Esophageal low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia overlying multiple leiomyomas: A case report and review of the literature. Front Oncol 2022; 12:994005. [PMID: 36387267 PMCID: PMC9659895 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.994005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign submucosal mesenchymal tumor. Esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia includes low-grade and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. The coexistence of epithelial lesions and the subepithelial lesion is rare. We recorded a case of esophageal low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) overlying multiple esophageal leiomyomas and followed with a review of the literature. CASE PRESENTATION A 49-year-old female patient came for the treatment of esophageal lesions. The submucosal eminences were observed in the right posterior wall and the left anterior wall of the esophagus by Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Additionally, we noticed the mucosa of the right wall with brown background color and the dilated, tortuous vessels by narrow-band imaging (NBI). Then we ensured that the submucosal lesions originated from the esophageal mucosal muscle by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and enhanced CT. Subsequently, the submucosal eminence of the right posterior wall and the overlying mucosal lesion were removed together by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Postoperative pathological diagnosed esophageal submucosal leiomyoma with focal LGIN. Review EGD showed white scars on the right wall of the upper esophagus three months later, while pathological biopsy showed slight squamous epithelial hyperplasia in the left wall. We decided that the left submucosal lesion can be resected at a selective-time operation, and we continue to follow up as planned. CONCLUSIONS The case of intraepithelial neoplasia overlying the submucosal tumor is rare. Either missed diagnosis or overdiagnosis should be avoided through EGD and pathological biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Junchao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjun He
- Department of Pathology, The Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Yang L, Salai A, Sun X, Liu Q, Liu T, Zhang Q, Tuerxun A, Tan Y, Zheng S, Lu X. Proteomic profiling of plasma exosomes reveals CD82 involvement in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Proteomics 2022; 265:104662. [PMID: 35728771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region has a high incidence of esophageal cancer. For the early diagnosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), exosomes were isolated and quantified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry ((LC-MS/MS) with data independent acquisition (DIA) from the peripheral blood of patients with benign esophageal disease (BED), esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) and ESCC. A total of 1117 proteins were identified in the above 9 samples. The proteomic results showed that the quantity of CD82 in exosomes of EIN was significantly higher than that in patients with BED and ESCC. Meanwhile, our ELISA test verified our proteomic results. In addition, the immunohistochemical results showed high CD82 expression in adjacent normal tissues and low expression in ESCC tissues. CD82 expression in ESCC tissues was negatively correlated with tumor stage and the expression of PKM2, and the high expression of CD82 combined with low expression of PKM2 in ESCC tissues suggested a good prognosis. To further clarify the tumor suppressive mechanism of CD82, the TIMER and TISDB databases were analyzed, and CD82 expression in tumor tissues was found to be related to the infiltration of immune cells. CD82 in exosomes is involved in the development of ESCC. SIGNIFICANCE: Xinjiang is a high incidence area of ESCC. When diagnosed in the middle and late stages of the disease, the prognosis of patients is poor. Exosomes provide the possibility of relatively noninvasive and early detection of esophageal carcinogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study using the DIA technique to analyze the exosomal proteins of patients with different stages of ESCC. The proteins identified in the exosomes in these three groups could provide insights for understanding how exosomes promote the occurrence of ESCC, the antitumour mechanism of humans and the early diagnosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China; First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, Cancer Hospital Affiliated of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Adili Salai
- Second Ward of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital Affiliated of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- First Ward of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital Affiliated of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Aerziguli Tuerxun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Yiyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Shutao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China.
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China.
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Li M, Kong J, Wang L, Yan H, Liang W, Wang N, Zhao J. Defective expression of C20orf54 in esophageal dysplasia: a possible biomarker of esophageal carcinoma for early detection. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:155. [PMID: 35549728 PMCID: PMC9097070 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C20orf54 has been identified as an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) susceptibility gene in previous genome-wide association studies. Here, we attempted to clarify the expression level of C20orf54 in ESCC, non-tumoral esophageal tissues, and esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (ESIN). METHODS We assessed C20orf54 expression in 146 ESCC, 108 non-tumoral esophageal tissues, and 148 ESIN using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. We also evaluated the possible correlations of C20orf54 expression with clinicopathological characteristics. The survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS C20orf54 expression was significantly lower in ESCC, high-grade ESIN, and low-grade ESIN than in the non-tumoral esophageal tissues. The level observed for ESCC was also significantly lower than that in low-grade ESIN and high-grade ESIN, whereas no difference was observed between high-grade ESIN and low-grade ESIN. Furthermore, the C20orf54 defective expression correlated significantly with differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and invasion depth. The overall survival time was inversely associated with lymph node metastasis, an advanced TNM stage (III + IV), and deeper invasion. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence of C20orf54 defective expression in ESCC and precancerous lesions, demonstrating a potential role in tumor progression and metastasis. C20orf54 could be used as a potential biomarker for the early detection of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Oncology, Pingyi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pingyi, Shandong, China
| | - Lianghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongjuan Yan
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weihua Liang
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China.
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China.
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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10
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Fujii K, Morita S, Mochizuki M, Shibuya-Takahashi R, Fujimori H, Yamaguchi K, Abe J, Yamazaki T, Imai T, Sugamura K, Yasuda J, Satoh K, Sato I, Saito-Koyama R, Fujishima F, Sasano H, Kato Y, Matsuura K, Asada Y, Tamai K. Establishment of a monoclonal antibody against glycosylated CD271 specific for cancer cells in immunohistochemistry. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2878-2887. [PMID: 35343032 PMCID: PMC9357664 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Various proteins are highly expressed in cancer (e.g., epidermal growth factor receptor); however, the majority are also expressed in normal cells, although they may differ in expression intensity. Recently, we reported that CD271 (nerve growth factor receptor), a glycosylated protein, increases malignant behavior of cancer, particularly stemlike phenotypes in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CD271 is expressed in SCC and in normal epithelial basal cells. Glycosylation alterations generally occur in cancer cells; therefore, we attempted to establish a cancer‐specific anti‐glycosylated CD271 antibody. We purified recombinant glycosylated CD271 protein, immunized mice with the protein, and screened hybridomas using an ELISA assay with cancer cell lines. We established a clone G4B1 against CD271 which is glycosylated with O‐glycan and sialic acid. The G4B1 antibody reacted with the CD271 protein expressed in esophageal cancer, but not in normal esophageal basal cells. This specificity was confirmed in hypopharyngeal and cervical cancers. G4B1 antibody recognized the fetal esophageal epithelium and Barrett's esophagus, which possess stem cell–like characteristics. In conclusion, G4B1 antibody could be useful for precise identification of dysplasia and cancer cells in SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Fujii
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinkichi Morita
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mai Mochizuki
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rie Shibuya-Takahashi
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Haruna Fujimori
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yamaguchi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jiro Abe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamazaki
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Imai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sugamura
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jun Yasuda
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kennichi Satoh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyaginoku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Ikuro Sato
- Department of Pathology, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryoko Saito-Koyama
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Fujishima
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuto Matsuura
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukinori Asada
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tamai
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1, Medeshima-Shiote, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
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11
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Yang B, Chen Q, Wan C, Sun S, Zhu L, Zhao Z, Zhong W, Wang B. Transgelin Inhibits the Malignant Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas by Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Oncol 2021; 11:709486. [PMID: 34552870 PMCID: PMC8450671 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.709486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This article investigates the role of Transgelin (TAGLN) in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and its possible mechanism of inhibiting the invasion of these cancers. Methods Tissue specimens and clinical information of patients with ESCC were collected to analyze the relationship between Transgelin expression level and prognosis of patients with ESCC. Transgelin siRNA was used to knock down Transgelin expression. The expression of Transgelin in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells was overexpressed by Transgelin-overexpressing plasmid. The effects of Transgelin overexpression and knockdown on the proliferation of Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells were examined by Transwell chamber, scratch assay, and CCK-8 cell activity assay. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effect of Transgelin overexpression or knockdown on the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin and Vimentin. TCGA data were used to analyze Transgelin co-expressed genes and further study the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis results under the influence of Transgelin. Results The expression of Transgelin was low in ESCC, and its expression level was positively correlated with the prognosis of patients with ESCC. The targeted Transgelin siRNA and Transgelin-overexpressing plasmid can effectively regulate the expression of Transgelin mRNA and protein in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells. After overexpression of Transgelin, the invasion and proliferation abilities of Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells were significantly decreased compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). However, Transgelin knockdown could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells. The overexpression of Transgelin inhibits EMT in ESCC. With the increase of Transgelin expression in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells, the expression of E-cadherin increased, while the expression of Vimentin decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Transgelin can inhibit the malignant progression of ESCC by inhibiting the occurrence of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boli Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China.,Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital of Jincheng, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Changshan Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhizhong Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital of Jincheng, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
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12
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Marginean EC, Dhanpat J. Pathologic assessment of endoscopic resection specimens with superficial carcinoma of the esophagus: current practice and practical issues. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1482:130-145. [PMID: 32875588 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endoscopic resection (ER) has become the first-line therapy for early esophageal cancer and offers a treatment alternative to surgery, owing to less morbidity and better quality of life. ER techniques include endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). EMR is faster, simpler, and cheaper than ESD, but limited by its ability to resect lesions larger than 1.5 centimeters. Piecemeal EMR has limitations, including a high local recurrence rate and a suboptimal specimen for an accurate pathologic assessment. ESD, on the other hand, allows en bloc resections with negative (R0) margins, irrespective of lesion size, providing an excellent pathologic specimen, however, is technically challenging with a higher risk of complications. The evaluation of ER specimens in pathology varies slightly from institution to institution. Our review summarizes the current practices and issues in the pathologic assessment of esophageal ER specimens, which highlights the necessity of a systematic approach and standardization of both macroscopic and microscopic evaluation. There is a need for a comprehensive and standardized pathology report that will allow for uniform terminology for endoscopists, surgeons, and pathologists, which, in turn, will result in better treatment guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jain Dhanpat
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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13
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Radiofrequency Ablation for Early Superficial Flat Esophageal Squamous Cell Neoplasia: A Comprehensive Review. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2020; 2020:4152453. [PMID: 32508911 PMCID: PMC7244955 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4152453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma comprises the majority of esophageal carcinoma in the Eastern Asia. The need of early detection of precancerous neoplastic lesions and cancer has been necessitated due to the probability of progression to the advanced stage and its poor prognosis. In recent times, many endoscopic modalities have come into practice for early detection and treatment. Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been recommended as an efficient therapy in treating the dysplastic mucosa in Barrett's esophagus (BE). Its potential in reversing neoplastic lesions in squamous epithelium has been gradually explored. This article is aimed at reviewing the current evidence regarding the use of RFA on esophageal squamous cell neoplasia.
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14
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Hosseini ZS, Hashemi Golpayegani SMR. Esophageal epithelium modeling based on globally coupled map: an approach toward precancerous lesion diagnosis. Med Biol Eng Comput 2020; 58:1297-1308. [PMID: 32239347 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-020-02151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is the most predominant malignancy of the esophagus. Its histological precursors (dysplasia) emerge in the esophageal epithelium that their progression into the underlying layers leads to cancer. The epithelium is the origin of many solid cancers and, accordingly, the focus of numerous computational models. In this work, we proposed a framework to establish a two-dimensional, globally coupled map to model the epithelium dynamics. The model aims at diagnosing the early stage of dysplasia based on microscopic images of endoscopic biopsies. We used the logistic map as a black-box model for the epithelial cells. By relating between the structure and dynamic of the epithelium, we defined the coupling function and proposed a case-dependent model in which the parameters were adjusted based on fractal geometry of each pathological image. Thus, by assigning different attractors to the cells' behavior, the lattice dynamic was investigated by the Lyapunov exponent. The decreasing pattern of Lyapunov exponent variations across the epithelium thickness had reasonable performance in diagnosing the normal specimens from the low-grade dysplasia ones. The results showed that there could be a direct relationship between the structural complexity of this system and its uncertainty of dynamics. Graphical abstract The modeling process of the esophageal epithelium to classify the experimental data at normal and LGD stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sadat Hosseini
- Complex Systems and Cybernetic Control Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 1591634311, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Zhuang X, Chen Z, Wang J, Chen J, Wu X, Wang Y, Chen C, Deng G, Qian K, Bai Y. Clinicopathological features and outcomes of esophageal lesions containing a basal layer type squamous cell carcinoma component. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8507-8516. [PMID: 31572005 PMCID: PMC6756149 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s212380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Basal layer type squamous cell carcinoma (BLSCC) is a unique type of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), characterized by high-grade dysplastic cells occupying the lower half of the epithelium. So far, such special lesions do not seem to attract much attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of esophageal squamous carcinoma lesions with a BLSCC component. Materials and methods Between January 2011 and January 2018, 96 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma underwent endoscopic submucosal resection in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into BLSCC or typical SCC groups according to the presence or absence of a BLSCC component. The endoscopic findings were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, patients were followed up until October 2018 to compare recurrence rates. Results BLSCC components were detected in 32 (33.3%, 32/96) lesions. Among them, 13 (40.62%, 13/32) were BLSCC predominant. The intraepithelial papillary capillary loops of 7 pure BLSCC showed type B1 under narrow-band imaging. Single-factor and multivariate analyses indicated that five or more independently scattered, deep-stained spots in iodine-unstained areas were significantly predictive of the presence of BLSCC components (OR=4.837, P=0.015). All patients of typical SCC group survived, but one of BLSCC group died for distant metastases during the follow-up period. The 1-year cumulative recurrence rate (CRR) of BLSCC group were 3.4%, lower than that of typical SCC group (7.1%). Although no significant difference of CRR was seen between the two groups (P>0.05), the 2-year CRR of BLSCC group increased to 11.9%, being higher than that of typical SCC group (7.1%). Conclusion The presence of multiple, scattered stained spots in iodine-unstained areas was predictive of BLSCC components. Such lesion should be treated actively and subject to a more rigorous follow-up protocol due to a higher likelihood of late recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoduan Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqi Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Chudi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoming Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
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16
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Park YJ, Kim GH, Park DY, Lee S, Lee MW, Lee BE, Song GA. Histopathologic discrepancies between endoscopic forceps biopsy and endoscopic resection specimens in superficial esophageal squamous neoplasms. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:1058-1065. [PMID: 30552717 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Endoscopic forceps biopsy results that reflect the final pathologic results of an entire lesion are essential for making accurate diagnoses and appropriate therapeutic decisions for patients with superficial esophageal squamous neoplasms (SESNs). This study investigated the histopathologic discrepancies between endoscopic forceps biopsy and endoscopic resection specimens to elucidate the factors contributing to such discrepancies. METHODS This retrospective observational study involved 77 patients (84 lesions) who underwent endoscopic resections for SESNs, between January 2005 and August 2017, at the Pusan National University Hospital. The SESNs were classified as low-grade intraepithelial neoplasms (LGINs), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasms (HGINs), or squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Following slide reviews, the histopathologic concordance between endoscopic forceps biopsy and endoscopic resection specimens was assessed, in each case. RESULTS The histopathologic discrepancy rate between the endoscopic forceps biopsy and endoscopic resection specimens was 34.5% (29/84 lesions). Among the 29 diagnostically discordant lesions, upgrades and downgrades of the histopathologic diagnoses occurred for 27 and 2 lesions, respectively. The predominant discrepancies results in lesion upgrades from HGIN to SCC (n = 21) and from LGIN to SCC (n = 5). The two downgraded cases included one from SCC to HGIN and one from HGIN to LGIN. Multivariate analyses identified two factors that were significantly associated with the histopathologic discrepancies: upper esophageal location (odds ratio, 7.743; 95% confidence interval, 1.031-58.174; P = 0.047) and tumor area per biopsy ≥ 158.6 mm2 /biopsy (odds ratio, 5.933; 95% confidence interval, 1.051-44.483; P = 0.044). CONCLUSION Histopathologic discrepancies were observed between endoscopic forceps biopsy and endoscopic resection specimens in patients with SESNs. Tumor location and tumor area/biopsy were both significantly associated with the discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Gwang Ha Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Do Youn Park
- Department of Pathology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Moon Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Bong Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Geun Am Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
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17
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A fractal based approach to evaluate the progression of esophageal squamous cell dysplasia. Biomed Signal Process Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Zheng JY, Chen YH, Chen YY, Zheng XL, Zhong SS, Deng WY, Zheng JH, Guo XB, Gao LY, Liang W. Presence of pink-color sign within 1 min after iodine staining has high diagnostic accordance rate for esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia/invasive cancer. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:113-118. [PMID: 30588952 PMCID: PMC6457187 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_274_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The dramatic color change after iodine staining (from white-yellow to pink after 2-3 min), designated as the "pink-color sign" (PCS), is indicative of esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) or an invasive lesion. However, no study has yet examined the association between the time of PCS appearance and histopathology. We investigated the association between the time of PCS appearance and esophageal histopathology in 456 lesions of 438 patients who were examined for suspected esophageal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 495 consecutive patients who had suspected esophageal cancer based on gastroscopy and who underwent Lugol's chromoendoscopy from January 2015 to March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The time of PCS appearance was recorded in all patients, and tissue specimens were examined. RESULTS We examined 456 lesions in 438 patients. Use of PCS positivity at 2 min for the diagnosis of HGIN/invasive cancer had a sensitivity of 84.1%, a specificity of 72.7%, and an accuracy of 80.4%. We classified the PCS-positive patients in whom the time of PCS appearance was recorded (168 lesions) into 4 groups: 0-30, 31-60, 61-90, and 91-120 s. Based on a 60-s time for appearance of the PCS, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.897, indicating good validity. At the optimal cutoff value of 60 s, the sensitivity was 90.2% and the specificity was 82.3%. The appearance of the PCS within 60 s had a diagnostic accordance rate of 88.6%, significantly higher than appearance of the PCS within 2 min (79.7%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Appearance of the PCS within 1 min after iodine staining has a higher diagnostic accordance rate for esophageal HGIN/invasive cancer than appearance of the PCS at 2 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yao Zheng
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ya-Hua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, The Affiliated Putian Hospital of Southern Medical University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Yang-Yang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shi-Shun Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wan-Yin Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jin-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xian-Bin Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Li-Ying Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China,Address for correspondence: Dr. Wei Liang, Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. E-mail:
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19
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Pan F, Chen Y, He JZ, Long L, Chen Y, Luo HJ, Xu YW, Pang XX, Yang Q, Wang JJ, Xu XE, Wang SH, Li EM, Xu LY. Dietary riboflavin deficiency promotes N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced esophageal tumorigenesis in rats by inducing chronic inflammation. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2469-2481. [PMID: 31815047 PMCID: PMC6895446 DOI: pmid/31815047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies in high-incidence areas of esophageal cancer in China suggest that environmental carcinogen N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) and riboflavin (RBF) deficiency may be the main risk factors for esophageal cancer. However, it is not clear that the combination induces cancer. Here, experiment (Exp) 1 evaluated the effects of NMBA and RBF deficiency individually or in combination on esophageal tumorigenesis. Male F344 rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups into a 2 (no NMBA vs. NMBA) × 2 (normal RBF vs. RBF-deficient) factorial design, including normal RBF (6 mg/kg, R6), RBF-deficient (0 mg/kg, R0), normal RBF combined with NMBA (R6N), and RBF-deficient combined with NMBA (R0N) groups. The Exp 2 explored the effects of RBF deficiency at different doses combined with NMBA (0.6 mg/kg, R0.6N; 0.06 mg/kg, R0.06N) on esophageal tumorigenesis. Results showed that R0N enhanced the incidence of esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN, 53.3%, P = 0.06), including carcinoma in situ, whereas R6N mainly induced the occurrence of esophageal benign hyperplasia (38.9%) and EIN (16.7%). RBF deficiency promotes EIN in a dose-dependent manner, and R0.06N significantly increases the incidence of EIN (57.9%, P < 0.05). Gene expression profiling demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines were highly expressed in R0N EIN tissues, whereas R6N EIN tissues had a proliferation and differentiation gene signature (fold-change > 1.5). Furthermore, RBF deficiency aggravated oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG) and double-strand breaks (γH2AX) (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that RBF deficiency causes chronic inflammation-associated genomic instability contributes to NMBA-induced esophageal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Zhong He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Long
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Jun Luo
- Bioanalytical Laboratory, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Pang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan-Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shao-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou UniversityShantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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20
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Hu Y, Teng X, Wu L, Liu W, An J. The Clinicopathological Correlations of hTERC Amplification with Esophageal Squamous Cell Precursor Lesions. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:68-75. [PMID: 30311151 PMCID: PMC6318245 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-018-5318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell precursor lesions remain one of the most controversial topics in pathology and clinical management. AIMS To analyze the dysregulation of human telomerase RNA component (hTERC) in esophageal squamous cell precursor lesions and the clinicopathological correlations with the characteristics of esophageal squamous cell precursor lesions. METHODS Florescence in situ hybridization was performed to detect hTERC amplification in different gradings of esophageal squamous cell precursor lesions. With retrospective follow-up data, clinicopathological correlations between hTERC and esophageal squamous cell precursor lesions were subjected to logistic regression analysis. RESULTS hTERC amplification gradually increased with upgrading of dysplasia, reaching the highest level in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and there was a significant difference between the low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia group and the high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia group (P = 0.00). Logistic regression analysis showed that hTERC amplification was correlated with both dysplasia grading and ulcer characteristics of esophageal squamous cell precursor lesions (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS hTERC amplification with increasing grading of esophageal squamous cell precursor lesions and the presence of ulcer characteristics might provide an important molecular and pathological marker for the diagnosis and clinical prognosis of esophageal squamous cell precursor lesions, especially for those ambiguous cases with more divergence in classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Hu
- 0000 0004 0369 153Xgrid.24696.3fDepartment of Pathology, Beijing LuHe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Xiaojing Teng
- 0000 0004 0369 153Xgrid.24696.3fDepartment of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Linlin Wu
- 0000 0004 0369 153Xgrid.24696.3fDepartment of Pathology, Beijing LuHe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Wei Liu
- 0000 0004 0369 153Xgrid.24696.3fDepartment of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Jianduo An
- 0000 0004 0369 153Xgrid.24696.3fDepartment of Pathology, Beijing LuHe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
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21
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Zhao Y, Fu YW, Sun Q. A Unique Lesion of the Esophageal Mucosal Epithelium: Low-grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Basal-layer-type Squamous Cell Carcinoma? Chin Med J (Engl) 2017. [PMID: 28639581 PMCID: PMC5494929 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.208230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Yi-Wei Fu
- Center of Cavity Mirrors, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
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22
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Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a serious malignancy with high mortality. The two common distinctive pathologic subtypes of esophageal cancer are squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. These differ with regards to etiology, ethnic distribution, pathogenesis, and location in the esophagus. The precursor lesions are also unique to each subtype. Squamous cell carcinoma is more common in East Asia, is linked to smoking and tobacco use, more commonly involves the middle esophagus, and the precursor lesion is squamous dysplasia. Adenocarcinoma is more common in the United States and certain European countries, associated with obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), more commonly involves the distal esophagus, and the precursor lesion is Barrett's esophagus. Endoscopic surveillance with biopsy evaluation is the standard of care in high-risk groups. Endoscopic ablative therapies for early cancers have lower morbidity than surgery. Despite increased awareness, identification of high-risk groups and endoscopic surveillance, a large proportion of patients present with advanced cancers. Surgery and chemoradiation, either in neo-adjuvant or adjuvant setting, is the usual treatment for patients with advanced but resectable esophageal cancers. The prognosis and further management largely depends upon the pathologic tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging provided by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the International Union against Cancer. Currently, the 7th edition of TNM staging system is being applied for prognostication and this is more focused on pathologic evaluation. Eighth edition of AJCC/UICC TNM staging has been introduced and will be implemented for clinical use in 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Jain
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sadhna Dhingra
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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23
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Bishayee A, Haskell Y, Do C, Siveen KS, Mohandas N, Sethi G, Stoner GD. Potential Benefits of Edible Berries in the Management of Aerodigestive and Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:1753-75. [PMID: 25781639 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.982243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological reports as well as experimental studies have demonstrated the significant health benefits provided by regular berry consumption. Berries possess both prophylactic and therapeutic potential against several chronic illnesses, such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and neoplastic diseases. Berries owe their health benefits to phytoconstituents, such as polyphenolic anthocyanins, ellagic acid, and a diverse array of phytochemicals bestowed with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as well as the ability to engage a multitude of signaling pathways. This review highlights the principal chemical constituents present in berries and their primary molecular targets. The article presents and critically analyzes the chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of berry extracts, fractions, and bioactive components on various cancers of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including esophageal, stomach, intestinal, and colorectal cancers as well as cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract, such as oral cancer. The current status of clinical studies evaluating berry products in several aforementioned cancers is presented. Various emerging issues including dose-ranging and dosage forms, the role of synergy and the usage of combination therapy as well as other relevant areas essential for the development of berry phytoconstituents as mainstream chemopreventive and therapeutic agents against aerodigestive and GIT cancers are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Bishayee
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, Larkin Health Sciences Institute , Miami , Florida USA
| | - Yennie Haskell
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University , Rootstown , Ohio USA
| | - Chau Do
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University , Rootstown , Ohio USA
| | - Kodappully Sivaraman Siveen
- c Department of Pharmacology , Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Nima Mohandas
- d School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University , Western Australia , Australia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- c Department of Pharmacology , Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore.,d School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University , Western Australia , Australia
| | - Gary D Stoner
- e Division of Hematology and Oncology , Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , Wisconsin USA
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24
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Itabashi M, Nasierowska-Guttmejer A, Shimoda T, Majewski P, Rezner W, Sikora K, Śrutek E, Stęplewska K, Swatek J, Szumilo J, Wierzchniewska-Ławska A, Wronecki L, Zembala-Nożyńska E, Arai T, Fujita M, Kawachi H, Unakami M, Kamoshida T. The importance of the concept and histological criteria of "intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma" of the esophagus: in comparison between Western and Japanese criteria. Esophagus 2017; 14:333-342. [PMID: 28983230 PMCID: PMC5603644 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-017-0583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are differences in the histological diagnostic criteria for early stage gastrointestinal carcinoma between Western and Japanese pathologists. Western histological criteria of carcinoma are "presence of stromal invasion of neoplastic cells", while Japanese criteria are "the degree of cytological and structural abnormality of neoplastic cells, regardless of stromal invasion". The aim of the present study is to clarify and review the present status of the Western and Japanese histological criteria of early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and also to clarify their significance and accuracy. METHODS Twenty-nine Polish, German, and Japanese pathologists participated in this study. A total of 18 histological slides of biopsy, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and surgical resection of esophageal squamous lesions were diagnosed using a virtual slide system. RESULTS Most of noninvasive (intraepithelial) carcinomas diagnosed by Japanese pathologists were diagnosed as high- or low-grade dysplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia) or reactive atypia by the majority of Polish and German pathologists. Diagnoses of not only high-grade dysplasia but also low-grade dysplasia or reactive lesion by Western criteria were given for many biopsy specimens of cases in which the corresponding ESD or surgical specimens showed definite stromal invasion. CONCLUSION There still exist differences in the histological diagnostic criteria for early stage esophageal carcinoma between Western and Japanese pathologists. The Japanese diagnostic criteria could improve agreement of diagnoses between biopsy and resected specimens of esophageal SCC. Moreover, diagnostic approaches using Western criteria may cause delay in the early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Itabashi
- Pathology and Cytology Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 4-25-11 Azusawa, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 174-0051 Japan
| | | | | | - Przemysław Majewski
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Witold Rezner
- Department of Pathology, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Śrutek
- Oncology Center in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Jarosław Swatek
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Szumilo
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Lech Wronecki
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Zembala-Nożyńska
- Department of Tumor Pathology, M.Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujita
- Department of Health Sciences, Nayoro City University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawachi
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Toshiro Kamoshida
- Endoscopy Division and Department of Internal Medicine, Hitachi General Hospital, Hitachi, Ibaraki-ken Japan
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Kumamoto T, Sentani K, Oka S, Tanaka S, Yasui W. Clinicopathologic characteristics and management of minute esophageal lesions diagnosed by narrow-band imaging endoscopy. Endosc Int Open 2016; 4:E927-32. [PMID: 27652295 PMCID: PMC5025308 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-110788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Magnifying narrow-band imaging (NBI) endoscopy enables the diagnosis of minute esophageal neoplasia. We aimed to evaluate clinicopathological diagnosis of minute esophageal neoplasia by using magnifying NBI endoscopy and biopsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total, 309 patients (127 men and 182 women) with minute esophageal lesions of intrapapillary capillary loop (IPCL) type IV were enrolled. Of these patients, 249 underwent biopsy for histologic diagnosis and also for treatment. Of the 249 patients, 123 underwent follow-up with endoscopy. We analyzed the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of these lesions after biopsy. RESULTS Of the 249 biopsied lesions, we histologically diagnosed 11 as high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), 41 as low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), and 197 as non-neoplasia (Non-N) including inflammation. Six of the 11 HGINs and 11 of the 41 LGINs showed slight elevation. Background coloration was observed in 9 of 11 HGINs, 34 of 41 LGINs, and 33 of 197 Non-Ns. Of the 249 biopsied lesions, 147 were microscopically measurable. The average diameter was 1.4 mm for HGINs and 0.8 mm for LGINs. Of the 123 patients who underwent post-biopsy follow-up, 93 (76 %) showed no lesions at the biopsied sites during the NBI examinations and were suspected to have undergone complete resection by biopsy. CONCLUSIONS Biopsy was useful for diagnosis and treatment of minute esophageal lesions, diagnosed as IPCL type IV by magnifying NBI endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kumamoto
- Kumamoto Gastrointestinal Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan,Corresponding author Takashi Kumamoto Kumamoto Gastrointestinal Clinic1-5-2 OtemachiNaka-kuHiroshima 730-0051Japan+81-82-544-0606+81-82-544-0377
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Endoscopy, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Endoscopy, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Cui XB, Zhang SM, Xu YX, Dang HW, Liu CX, Wang LH, Yang L, Hu JM, Liang WH, Jiang JF, Li N, Li Y, Chen YZ, Li F. PFN2, a novel marker of unfavorable prognosis, is a potential therapeutic target involved in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2016; 14:137. [PMID: 27188458 PMCID: PMC4870769 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0884-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressively malignant tumors with dismal prognosis. Profilin 2 (PFN2) is an actin-binding protein that regulates the dynamics of actin polymerization and plays a key role in cell motility. Recently, PFN2 have emerged as significant regulators of cancer processes. However, the clinical significance and biological function of PFN2 in ESCC remain unclear. Methods PFN2 protein expression was validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarray from Chinese Han and Kazakh populations with ESCC. The associations among PFN2 expression, clinicopathological features, and prognosis of ESCC were analyzed. The effects on cell proliferation, invasion and migration were examined using MTT and Transwell assays. Markers of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detected by Western blot analysis. Results Compared with normal esophageal epithelium (NEE), PFN2 protein expression was markedly increased in low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), and ESCC, increased gradually from LGIN to ESCC, and finally reached high grade in HGIN in the Han population. Similarly, PFN2 protein was more overexpressed in ESCC than in NEE in the Kazakh population. The results of Western blot analysis also showed that PFN2 expression was significantly higher in the ESCC tissue than in a matched adjacent non-cancerous tissue. PFN2 expression was positively correlated with invasion depth and lymph node metastasis. High PFN2 expression was significantly correlated with short overall survival (OS) (P = 0.023). Cox regression analysis revealed that PFN2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poor OS in ESCC. Downregulation of PFN2 inhibited, rather than proliferated, cell invasion and migration, as well as induced an EMT phenotype, including increased expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin, decreased mesenchymal marker Vimentin, Snail, Slug and ZEB1, and morphological changes in ESCC cells in vitro. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that PFN2 has a novel role in promoting ESCC progression and metastasis and portending a poor prognosis, indicating that PFN2 could act as an early biomarker of high-risk population. Targeting PFN2 may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for ESCC treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-0884-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bin Cui
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China.,Department of Pathology, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Shu-Mao Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Yue-Xun Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Zhengzhou First People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Hong-Wei Dang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Chun-Xia Liu
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Liang-Hai Wang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Jian-Ming Hu
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Wei-Hua Liang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Jin-Fang Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of CT and MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China.
| | - Yun-Zhao Chen
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, China. .,Department of Pathology, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
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27
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Gomercic C, Vanbiervliet G, Gonzalez JM, Saint-Paul MC, Garcès-Duran R, Garnier E, Hébuterne X, Berdah S, Barthet M. Prospective randomized comparison of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection and conventional submucosal dissection in the resection of superficial esophageal/gastric lesions in a living porcine model. Endosc Int Open 2015; 3:E577-83. [PMID: 26716116 PMCID: PMC4683130 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1393084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS To assess experimentally endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) as an alternative technique of endoscopic submucosal resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a prospective, randomized, comparative experimental animal study carried out over a period of 9 months at the surgical research and teaching center of Aix-Marseille University, France. Virtual esophageal and gastric lesions measuring 3 cm in diameter were resected in pigs weighing 25 to 30 kg. The primary aim was to evaluate ESTD's efficacy compared with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). The secondary aims were to determine complication rates as well as to assess procedure time and procedure speed, histologic quality of the resected specimen, and procedure cost. RESULTS Eighteen procedures (9 ESD and 9 ESTD) were performed in nine pigs. The technical success rate was 88.9 % for both techniques, with one single failure in each. The en bloc resection rate was 100 % for ESTD and 88.9 % for ESD (one failure). The complication rate (22 %) and median procedure time were similar but dissection speed was quicker with ESTD in the esophagus (P = 0.03). Median procedure cost (728 Euros for ESD and ESTD) did not differ. On histologic examination, the lateral margins were healthy in 100 % of ESTD and in 88.9 % of ESD (P = 0.49). Deep resection margins were of better quality in ESTD (median submucosal thickness: 1307.1 µm vs. 884.7 µm; P = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS ESTD is feasible and safe but not superior in the treatment of superficial esophageal/gastric lesions in porcine models compared with ESD. Nevertheless it provides a better quality histologic specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Gomercic
- Endoscopie digestive, Hôpital L’Archet 2, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nice, F-06202 Cedex 3, France,CERC, LBA UMRT24, Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, F-13916 Cedex20, France
| | - Geoffroy Vanbiervliet
- Endoscopie digestive, Hôpital L’Archet 2, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nice, F-06202 Cedex 3, France,CERC, LBA UMRT24, Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, F-13916 Cedex20, France,Corresponding author Geoffroy Vanbiervliet, MD, MSc Endoscopy unit, GastroenterologyL’Archet 2 Hospital151 Route de Saint Antoine de GinestièreCS 2307906202 Nice cedex 3France00 33 (0)4 92 03 63 8500 33 (0)4 92 03 59 28
| | - Jean-Michel Gonzalez
- CERC, LBA UMRT24, Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, F-13916 Cedex20, France,Gastro entérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique des hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, F-13915 Cedex20, France
| | - Marie-Christine Saint-Paul
- Département d’anatomo-pathologie, Hôpital Pasteur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nice, F-06000, France
| | - Rodrigo Garcès-Duran
- CERC, LBA UMRT24, Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, F-13916 Cedex20, France,Gastro entérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique des hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, F-13915 Cedex20, France
| | - Emmanuelle Garnier
- CERC, LBA UMRT24, Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, F-13916 Cedex20, France
| | - Xavier Hébuterne
- Endoscopie digestive, Hôpital L’Archet 2, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nice, F-06202 Cedex 3, France
| | - Stéphane Berdah
- CERC, LBA UMRT24, Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, F-13916 Cedex20, France,Chirurgie Digestive, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique des hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, F-13915 Cedex20, France
| | - Marc Barthet
- CERC, LBA UMRT24, Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, F-13916 Cedex20, France,Gastro entérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique des hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, F-13915 Cedex20, France
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28
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Histopathological diagnoses of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, carcinoma in situ and early invasive cancer of the oesophagus: the Japanese viewpoint. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mpdhp.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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29
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Li M, Cui X, Shen Y, Dong H, Liang W, Chen Y, Hu J, Li S, Kong J, Li H, Zhao J, Li F. ORAOV1 overexpression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal dysplasia: a possible biomarker of progression and poor prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:707-15. [PMID: 25732110 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer overexpressed 1 (ORAOV1) has been reported to exhibit high amplification levels in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and in premalignant lesions. However, ORAOV1 protein expression levels in ESCC and esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (ESIN) have not yet been reported. We have explored the relationship of ORAOV1 protein expression with ESCC and ESIN by immunohistochemically analyzing tissue microarrays containing esophageal samples from patients with various clinical features and prognoses. The percentage of ESCC, high-grade ESIN (HGESIN), low-grade ESIN (LGESIN), and nontumoral control patients overexpressing ORAOV1 were 70.63% (101/143), 77.36% (41/53), 48.96% (47/96), and 5.79% (7/121), respectively. ORAOV1 overexpression also appears to be significantly higher in ESCC, HGESIN, and LGESIN than in the controls (all P < .001), and the levels observed for ESCC and HGESIN were also significantly higher than that in LGESIN (both P = .001). These results corresponded to high sensitivity and specificity values in ESCC, HGESIN, and LGESIN tissues. Furthermore, the increased expression of ORAOV1 is significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P = .001) and an advanced TNM stage (III + IV) (P = .014), and patients with ORAOV1 overexpression experienced shorter overall survival time compared with those with lower ORAOV1 (χ(2) = 11.505, P = .001). This study provides the first evidence of ORAOV1 overexpression in ESCC and ESIN and demonstrates a potential role in tumor progression and metastasis. ORAOV1 overexpression could, therefore, be used as a novel biomarker of poor prognosis in patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaobin Cui
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yaoyuan Shen
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongchao Dong
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weihua Liang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yunzhao Chen
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianming Hu
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shugang Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongan Li
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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γ-Glutamylcyclotransferase as a novel immunohistochemical biomarker for the malignancy of esophageal squamous tumors. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:331-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zaric B, Perin B. Use of narrow-band imaging bronchoscopy in detection of lung cancer. Expert Rev Med Devices 2014; 7:395-406. [DOI: 10.1586/erd.10.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Lin
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University/Northwestern Memorial Hospital, 675 N St. Claire St, Galter Pavillion 7-132F, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA,
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Song Y, Liang Y, Zang R, Hu L, Zhu S. Application of serial section method to determine the radiotherapy target volume for esophageal squamous carcinoma. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 66:351-6. [PMID: 23325307 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-012-9473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT) plays an important role in the combination treatment of esophageal carcinoma. However, an accurate estimation of the clinical target volume (CTV) of esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) by 3D CRT is still problematic. This study aimed to provide reference values for CTV estimation. The serial section method was applied to observe the range of the microscopic spread proximally and distally from the tumor. Further, relationships between clinicopathological features and the microscopic spread were analyzed. The positive ratio of the proximal microscopic spread was significantly higher than in the distal spread, especially in the specimens sampled 1 and 2 cm away from the tumor (p < 0.05). Probability of infiltration and metastases was still high in the proximal "3 cm" and distal "4 cm" groups, and became much lower in more distant specimens. Further, ESCC tended to exhibit stronger ascending invasion ability. A single factor analysis showed that tumors with the length of longer than 5 cm, poorer differentiation, lymph nodes metastasis, and more aggressive phase had significantly higher microscopic spread ratio (p < 0.05). A multiple factors analysis showed that differentiation degree and tumor length were the major factors affecting the microscopic spread of ESCC. In conclusion, to cover 95 % of the microscopic spread, a proximal margin of 3.0 cm and a distal margin of 4.0 cm are needed. In order to cover 90 %, proximal and distal 3-cm margins are needed. Clinicopathological features of patients can affect the range of the microscopic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Song
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University School of Medicine, No. 20 East Yuhuangding Road, Yantai, 264000, Shandong Province, China
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Henry MACDA, Lerco MM, Naresse LE, Crema E, Rodrigues MAM. Outcome of superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a clinicopathological study. Acta Cir Bras 2013; 28:373-8. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502013000500009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Shimizu M, Zaninotto G, Nagata K, Graham DY, Lauwers GY. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with special reference to its early stage. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2013; 27:171-86. [PMID: 23809239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The term 'early squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus', which was previously restricted to superficial carcinoma with no lymph node metastasis, now encompasses intramucosal carcinoma regardless of the nodal status. Such lesions are rare in Western countries, where the experience is limited. In recent years, the development and greater use of chromoendoscopy and narrow band imaging (NBI), both of which facilitate the evaluation of mucosal morphology, have played an important role in the detection of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, the techniques and indications of endoscopic resection (mucosal resection [EMR] and mucosal dissection [ESD]) are still being refined. In the present article, we will discuss the clinical and pathologic features of esophageal early squamous cell carcinoma, as well as the epidemiology and aetiology of esophageal cancer in general. In addition, we will provide a therapeutic decision tree taking into account endoscopic and surgical modalities as they apply to early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Shimizu
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama International Medical Center, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka City, Saitama 350-1298, Japan.
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Tangoku A, Yamamoto Y, Furukita Y, Goto M, Morimoto M. The new era of staging as a key for an appropriate treatment for esophageal cancer. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013; 18:190-9. [PMID: 22790989 DOI: 10.5761/atcs.ra.12.01926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and computed tomography (CT) have become the gold standard for staging of esophageal cancer by detecting distant metastases, but metastatic lymph nodes are often difficult to diagnose from the size and standardized uptake value (SUV). If we compare the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), CT, and FDG-PET in staging of esophageal cancer, EUS is the most sensitive method to identify the detection of regional lymph node metastases, whereas CT and FDG-PET are more specific tests. Combination study with CT, EUS and PETCT cannot make a precise diagnosis after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). A precise staging might be determined by the fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) under EUS and US screening in the neck and the abdomen even after NAT. Indication of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for superficial cancer is sensitive because of difficulty in T1b cancer diagnosis. Detailed examination about vessel invasion and the possibility of residual tumor with dissected specimen will offer an appropriate additional therapy. New strategy like sentinel lymph node (SLN) navigation could supply more information about lymphatic routes and metastatic nodes. SLN navigation with ESD might become a new less invasive strategy for superficial esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tangoku
- Department of Thoracic, Endocrine Surgery and Oncology, Institute of Health Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto, Tokushima, Japan.
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Usami S, Motoyama S, Matsuhashi T, Jin M, Maruyama K, Sato Y, Yoshino K, Nakatsu T, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Saito R, Ohnishi H, Ogawa J. Outcomes of endoscopic and surgical resection for a second primary cancer in the residual cervical esophagus after thoracic esophagectomy. Dis Esophagus 2012; 25:228-34. [PMID: 21895851 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2011.01239.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Patients who have received subtotal esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer must be closely monitored for second primary malignancies. The purpose of this study is to review and assess patients who developed a second primary esophageal cancer in the residual cervical esophagus. Between 1996 and 2010, 10 patients were diagnosed in our hospital with esophageal squamous cell cancer in the residual cervical esophagus after undergoing thoracic esophagectomy and were treated with endoscopic or surgical resection. Data from these patients were reviewed retrospectively. Seven of the 10 patients (70%) had multiple primary carcinoma lesions at the time of their esophagectomy. A second primary cancer in the residual cervical esophagus was detected in eight patients during follow-up endoscopic examinations while the patients were still asymptomatic. Seven of the patients underwent endoscopic resection for a superficial cancer. None of those patients experienced any complications, and all are currently alive and cancer-free. The remaining three patients underwent resection of the cervical esophagus with regional lymph node dissection. Two of those patients experienced severe complications; one subsequently died (hospital death) from pneumonia, 12 months after surgery, while the other died from recurrence of his cancer. The third patient is alive and cancer-free. Early detection of a second primary malignancy in the residual cervical esophagus followed by endoscopic resection is the best treatment strategy for patients who previously received subtotal esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer. Surgical resection puts patients at high risk of mortality or morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Usami
- Department of Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo, Akita, Japan.
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38
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Chen T, Yan F, Qian J, Guo M, Zhang H, Tang X, Chen F, Stoner GD, Wang X. Randomized phase II trial of lyophilized strawberries in patients with dysplastic precancerous lesions of the esophagus. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011; 5:41-50. [PMID: 22135048 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-11-0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dysplasia is a histologic precursor of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We previously showed that dietary freeze-dried, or lyophilized, strawberry powder inhibits N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced SCC in the rat esophagus. On the basis of this observation, we conducted a randomized (noncomparative) phase II trial in China to investigate the effects of two doses of freeze-dried strawberries in patients with esophageal dysplastic lesions in a high-risk area for esophageal cancer. We randomly assigned 75 patients identified by endoscopy to have dysplastic esophageal premalignant lesions to receive freeze-dried strawberry powder at either 30 g/d (37 patients) or 60 g/d (38 patients) for six months; the powder was mixed with water and drunk. After six months, we assessed the changes in histologic grade of these lesions (primary endpoint) in a blinded fashion. The dose of 30 g/d, did not significantly affect histology or any other measured parameter. The dose of 60 g/d, however, reduced the histologic grade of dysplastic premalignant lesions in 29 (80.6%) of the 36 patients at this dose who were evaluated for histology (P < 0.0001). The strawberry powder was well tolerated, with no toxic effects or serious adverse events. Strawberries (60 g/d) also reduced protein expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by 79.5% (P < 0.001), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by 62.9% (P < 0.001), phospho-nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB)-p65 (pNFκB-p65) by 62.6% (P < 0.001), and phospho-S6 (pS6) by 73.2% (P < 0.001). Freeze-dried strawberries (60 g/d) also significantly inhibited the Ki-67 labeling index by 37.9% (P = 0.023). Our present results indicate the potential of freeze-dried strawberry powder for preventing human esophageal cancer, supporting further clinical testing of this natural agent in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 410 West 12 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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[Oesophageal and gastric pathology: early neoplastic lesions. case 1: squamous intraepithelial neoplasia of the oesophagus]. Ann Pathol 2011; 31:356-62. [PMID: 21982242 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tamaki T, Ishikawa H, Takahashi T, Tamaki Y, Kitamoto Y, Okamoto M, Noda SE, Katoh H, Shirai K, Sakurai H, Nakano T. Comparison of efficacy and safety of low-dose-rate vs. high-dose-rate intraluminal brachytherapy boost in patients with superficial esophageal cancer. Brachytherapy 2011; 11:130-6. [PMID: 21700506 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy and the incidence of complications of high-dose-rate (HDR) and low-dose-rate (LDR) intraluminal brachytherapy (IBT) boost after external beam radiation therapy in patients with superficial esophageal cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS Fifty-four consecutive patients with Stage I thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were treated with definitive radiotherapy using IBT between 1991 and 2007 were studied retrospectively. LDR-IBT and HDR-IBT were performed for 19 and 35 patients, respectively. After external beam radiation therapy of 56-60 Gy with a conventional fractionation, LDR-IBT (5 Gy × 2) or HDR-IBT (3 Gy × 3) was given within 2 weeks. The median follow-up was 47 months (7-151 months). RESULTS Overall, the 5-year overall survival, cause-specific survival (CSS), and locoregional control (LRC) rates were 61%, 86%, and 79%, respectively. The 5-year overall survival, CCS, and LRC rates did not differ significantly between the LDR-IBT and HDR-IBT groups (68% vs. 58% (p=0.50), 83% vs. 85% (p=0.63), and 84% vs. 75% (p=0.42), respectively). Salvage treatment was given in 8 locally recurrent patients, and 6 patients were rescued. The Grade ≥2 late morbidities of esophagus and heart/lung were observed in 5 patients (4 in the LDR-IBT group and 1 in the HDR-IBT group) and 2 patients (one from each group), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In view of the safety profile and effectiveness, our results encourage the continued adoption of HDR-IBT as radiation boost in medically inoperable or elderly superficial esophageal cancer patients undergoing definitive radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Tamaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
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Goda K, Tajiri H, Ikegami M, Dobashi A, Yoshimura N. Clinical impact of narrow-band imaging magnifying endoscopy for 'basal layer type squamous cell carcinoma' in the esophagus. Dig Endosc 2011; 23 Suppl 1:75-8. [PMID: 21535206 DOI: 10.1111/j.1443-1661.2011.01121.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A 61-year-old man had received endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer twice. Then he had undergone annual control esophagogastroduodenoscopy using narrow-band imaging (NBI) magnifying endoscope. At the esophagogastroduodenoscopy, we were not able to detect any significant finding in the esophagus by conventional endoscopy. Switching to NBI mode, a brownish area was showed in the middle esophagus. The lesion showing the brownish area was predicted to be mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) as a result of assessment of morphologic change of intraepithelial papillary capillary loop under magnifying NBI observation. Lugol chromoendoscopy displayed the lesion as unstained area corresponding to the brownish area visualized by NBI. The ESD was performed for the lesion. Histology from ESD specimen showed SCC with minimal invasion to lamina propria at multifocal sites. The SCC was surrounded by low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. Most of the SCC showed a high degree of cytological and architectural atypia confined to the lower half of the epithelium. The type of SCC was called as 'basal layer type SCC' mainly by Japanese pathologists. We suggest that magnifying NBI endoscopy can be useful for detecting and diagnosing 'basal layer type SCC'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Goda
- Department of Endoscopy, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
Under the widely used World Health Organization (WHO) classification for the pathological diagnosis of oral premalignant lesions, dysplasia, which is graded as mild, moderate or severe, and carcinoma in situ (CIS), which is a non-invasive carcinoma, are classified as precursor lesions of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Since the first edition (Wahi et al. International histological classification of tumours no. 4, WHO, Geneva, 1971), the criterion for CIS--that all epithelial layers are replaced by atypical cells--has remained unchanged. However, this dysplasia-carcinoma sequence theory was introduced from the viewpoint of pathological changes in the uterine cervix: in contrast, almost all premalignant lesions and CIS of the oral mucosa show superficial maturation and differentiation. Based on this recognition, the squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (SIN) classification and Ljubljana classification were included in WHO's latest edition published in 2005. Although the WHO classification is commonly used in Japan, recent developments in oral oncology have promoted modifications of the classification used in this country. In 2005, the Working Group of the Japan Society for Oral Tumours advocated iodine staining and proposed a modified SIN system, and in 2007, the Working Committee of the Japanese Society for Oral Pathology (JSOP) reported a new CIS (JSOP) definition that included differentiated-type CIS. In 2010, based on these studies, a new entity--oral intraepithelial neoplasia (OIN)--was included in the first edition of General Rules for Clinical and Pathological Studies on Oral Cancer. In this review, we focus on the OIN/CIS (JSOP) new classification of premalignant lesions in oral mucosa, which further advances the concept of SIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Izumo
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Cancer Center, 818 Komuro, Ina-machi, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
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Yang T, Zhang XQ, Zou XP. Clinical symptoms of esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia: an analysis of 101 cases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:2909-2912. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i27.2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyze the clinical symptoms of esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN), their frequency, and relationship with disease location.
METHODS: One hundred and one patients with EIN treated by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) from January 2009 to December 2009 at the Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University were enrolled in this study. The patients were given questionnaires to fill in the gastroesophageal symptoms they experienced. The data were then analyzed.
RESULTS: The study population consists of 71 men and 30 women. Of all the patients, 41.58% (42/101) had symptoms of sour regurgitation and belching, 27.72% (28/101) had substernal pain, and 2.97% (3/101) had no symptoms. The frequency of these symptoms is 2-3 d per week. The pathological results after endoscopic mucosal resection showed that 35 patients had high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, 54 had low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and 12 had cancer. More patients with intraepithelial neoplasia in the middle of the esophagus had reflux symptoms than those with the lesions in the upper one third and lower one third of the esophagus (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: The majority of patients with EIN have reflux symptoms. The incidence of symptoms is related to the location of EIN. For patients with the above symptoms, comprehensive endoscopic and pathological examinations should be performed.
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Oba S, Tanaka S, Oka S, Kanao H, Yoshida S, Shimamoto F, Chayama K. Characterization of colorectal tumors using narrow-band imaging magnification: combined diagnosis with both pit pattern and microvessel features. Scand J Gastroenterol 2010; 45:1084-92. [PMID: 20350257 DOI: 10.3109/00365521003734166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to clarify the clinical usefulness of narrow-band imaging (NBI) magnification for evaluating both pit appearances and microvessel architecture in comparison with evaluation of microvessel architecture alone in invasion depth of colorectal tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 189 colorectal lesions [37 adenomas, 73 intramucosal to scanty submucosal invasive carcinomas and 79 massive submucosal invasive (SM-m) carcinomas] were analyzed. All lesions showing irregular pit structure were observed by NBI magnifying endoscopy. Based on both pit appearance and microvessel features, lesions were classified into three grades (C1, C2, C3), as described previously. Also, lesions were classified as high or low by microvessel irregularity. Furthermore, the histopathological background and the inter- and intraobserver variability of C subtype were assessed. RESULTS The SM-m rate of C1, C2 and C3 was 5.2, 60.5 and 92.7%, respectively. On the other hand, SM-m rate of lesion with mildly and highly irregular vessels was 13.3 and 55.0%, respectively. For the histopathological background, a high percentage of destruction of the glandular orifice, disappearance of the lamina muscularis mucosae and superficial exposure of desmoplastic reaction (DR) were observed in type C3. For C subtype classification of NBI magnification findings, the kappa value for interobserver variability was 0.749, and the kappa value for intraobserver variability was 0.745. CONCLUSIONS NBI magnification findings evaluated by both pit appearances and microvessel features (C subtype) showing a good kappa value in variability are more useful in invasion depth diagnosis of colorectal tumor than those evaluated by microvessel features alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Oba
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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