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Song Y, Huang H, Hu Y, Zhang J, Li F, Yin X, Shi J, Li Y, Li C, Zhao D, Chen H. A genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout screen identifies immunoglobulin superfamily DCC subclass member 4 as a key host factor that promotes influenza virus endocytosis. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1010141. [PMID: 34871331 PMCID: PMC8675923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus infection is dependent on host cellular factors, and identification of these factors and their underlying mechanisms can provide important information for the development of strategies to inhibit viral infection. Here, we used a highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus to perform a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout screen in human lung epithelial cells (A549 cells), and found that knockout of transmembrane protein immunoglobulin superfamily DCC subclass member 4 (IGDCC4) significantly reduced the replication of the virus in A549 cells. Further studies showed that IGDCC4 interacted with the viral hemagglutinin protein and facilitated virus internalization into host cells. Animal infection studies showed that replication of H5N1 virus in the nasal turbinates, lungs, and kidneys of IGDCC4-knockout mice was significantly lower than that in the corresponding organs of wild-type mice. Half of the IGDCC4-knockout mice survived a lethal H5N1 virus challenge, whereas all of the wild-type mice died within 11 days of infection. Our study identifies a novel host factor that promotes influenza virus infection by facilitating internalization and provides insights that will support the development of antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangming Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haixiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (DZ); (HC)
| | - Hualan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (DZ); (HC)
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CMAS and ST3GAL4 Play an Important Role in the Adsorption of Influenza Virus by Affecting the Synthesis of Sialic Acid Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116081. [PMID: 34200006 PMCID: PMC8200212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) initiate infection by attaching Hemagglutinin (HA) on the viral envelope to sialic acid (SA) receptors on the cell surface. Importantly, HA of human IAVs has a higher affinity for α-2,6-linked SA receptors, and avian strains prefer α-2,3-linked SA receptors, whereas swine strains have a strong affinity for both SA receptors. Host gene CMAS and ST3GAL4 were found to be essential for IAV attachment and entry. Loss of CMAS and ST3GAL4 hindered the synthesis of sialic acid receptors, which in turn prevented the adsorption of IAV. Further, the knockout of CMAS had an effect on the adsorption of swine, avian and human IAVs. However, ST3GAL4 knockout prevented the adsorption of swine and avian IAV and the impact on avian IAV was more distinct, whereas it had no effect on the adsorption of human IAV. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that knocking out CMAS and ST3GAL4 negatively regulated IAV replication by inhibiting the synthesis of SA receptors, which also provides new insights into the production of gene-edited animals in the future.
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Wang Q, Chen H, Yang Y, Wang B. Expression of Neu5Acα2,3Gal and Neu5Acα2,6Gal on the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and its possible effect on bacterial biofilm formation. Microb Pathog 2018; 123:24-27. [PMID: 29906542 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adherence of pathogen to nasal mucosa and colonization is the first step of bacterial biofilm(BBF) formation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).Terminal sialic acids presenting on cell surface are potential targets for bacterial binding, thus may partly contribute to the pathogenesis of CRS. However, little has been published in this respect, the purpose of our study aimed to investigate the expression of sialic acids on the nasal mucosa in CRS patients and its possible effect on BBF formation. METHODS Sinus mucosa were harvested from CRS patients undergoing endoscopic surgery. The positive of BBF formation were detected by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and the expression of Neu5Acα2,3Gal(α2,3-linked sialic acid) and Neu5Acα2,6Gal(α2,6-linked sialic acid) on nasal mucosa were determined by fluorescent-immunohistochemical staining (F-IHC) with MAL-II and SNA respectively. A semi-quantitative scoring system was used to assess their different expression between CRS group and the control, as well as BBF positive and negative group. RESULTS Expression of Neu5Acα2,3Gal and Neu5Acα2,6Gal were both detected in the epithelium and submucosal glands of all 40 CRS patients and 23 controls, they were significantly up-regulated in CRS group(p < 0.05). Among 24 CRS patients, typical BBF formation were identified in 13 cases while the other 11 were regarded as negative, Between the subgroup of BBF(+) and BBF(-), both of Neu5Acα2,3Gal and Neu5Acα2,6Gal had a trend of increasing in BBF(+) group, however, the increased expression of Neu5Acα2,3Gal was statistical significance (4.77 ± 0.90 versus 3.45 ± 1.40; p = 0.0282), whereas the difference of Neu5Acα2,6Gal was insignificant(4.15 ± 1.27 versus 3.55 ± 1.59; p = 0.4281). CONCLUSION Expression of MAL-II binding (most probable Neu5Acα2,3Gal) and SNA binding (Neu5Acα2,6Gal) were up-regulated in inflamed nasal mucosa, and the increased expression of them may contribute to bacterial biofilm formation which deserved a further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Wang
- Department of Head-neck Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Haihong Chen
- Department of Head-neck Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Head-neck Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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Szabo R, Skropeta D. Advancement of Sialyltransferase Inhibitors: Therapeutic Challenges and Opportunities. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:219-270. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Szabo
- School of Chemistry; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Danielle Skropeta
- School of Chemistry; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Centre for Medical & Molecular Bioscience; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
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Maestri A, Sortica VA, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Santos MC, Barbagelata L, Moraes MR, Alencar de Mello W, Gusmão L, Sousa RCM, Emanuel Batista dos Santos S. Siaα2-3Galβ1- Receptor Genetic Variants Are Associated with Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Severity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139681. [PMID: 26436774 PMCID: PMC4593567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Different host genetic variants may be related to the virulence and transmissibility of pandemic Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, influencing events such as binding of the virus to the entry receptor on the cell of infected individuals and the host immune response. In the present study, two genetic variants of the ST3GAL1 gene, which encodes the Siaα2-3Galβ1- receptor to which influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus binds for entry into the host cell, were investigated in an admixed Brazilian population. First, the six exons encoding the ST3GAL1 gene were sequenced in 68 patients infected with strain A(H1N1)pdm09. In a second phase of the study, the rs113350588 and rs1048479 polymorphisms identified in this sample were genotyped in a sample of 356 subjects from the northern and northeastern regions of Brazil with a diagnosis of pandemic influenza. Functional analysis of the polymorphisms was performed in silico and the influence of these variants on the severity of infection was evaluated. The results suggest that rs113350588 and rs1048479 may alter the function of ST3GAL1 either directly through splicing regulation alteration and/or indirectly through LD with SNP with regulatory function. In the study the rs113350588 and rs1048479 polymorphisms were in linkage disequilibrium in the population studied (D’ = 0.65). The GC haplotype was associated with an increased risk of death in subjects with influenza (OR = 4.632, 95% CI = 2.10;1.21). The AT haplotype was associated with an increased risk of severe disease and death (OR = 1.993, 95% CI = 1.09;3.61 and OR 4.476, 95% CI = 2.37;8.44, respectively). This study demonstrated for the first time the association of ST3GAL1 gene haplotypes on the risk of more severe disease and death in patients infected with Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvino Maestri
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues
- Centre of Epidemiological research, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mirleide Cordeiro Santos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luana Barbagelata
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Milene Raiol Moraes
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Wyller Alencar de Mello
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Leonor Gusmão
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Catarina Medeiros Sousa
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
- Tropical Medicine Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Sanpui P, Zheng X, Loeb JC, Bisesi JH, Khan IA, Afrooz ARMN, Liu K, Badireddy AR, Wiesner MR, Ferguson PL, Saleh NB, Lednicky JA, Sabo-Attwood T. Single-walled carbon nanotubes increase pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus infectivity of lung epithelial cells. Part Fibre Toxicol 2014; 11:66. [PMID: 25497303 PMCID: PMC4318452 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Airborne exposure to nanomaterials from unintended occupational or environmental exposures or as a consequence of product use may lead to adverse health effects. Numerous studies have focused on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and their ability to cause pulmonary injury related to fibrosis, and cancer; however few studies have addressed their impact on infectious agents, particularly viruses that are known for causing severe disease. Here we have demonstrated the ability of pristine SWCNTs of diverse electronic structure to increase the susceptibility of small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) to pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection and discerned potential mechanisms of action driving this response. Methods Small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) were exposed to three types of SWCNTs with varying electronic structure (SG65, SG76, CG200) followed by infection with A/Mexico/4108/2009 (pH1N1). Cells were then assayed for viral infectivity by immunofluorescence and viral titers. We quantified mRNA and protein levels of targets involved in inflammation and anti-viral activity (INFβ1, IL-8, RANTES/CCL5, IFIT2, IFIT3, ST3GAL4, ST6GAL1, IL-10), localized sialic acid receptors, and assessed mitochondrial function. Hyperspectral imaging analysis was performed to map the SWCNTs and virus particles in fixed SAEC preparations. We additionally performed characterization analysis to monitor SWCNT aggregate size and structure under biological conditions using dynamic light scattering (DLS), static light scattering (SLS). Results Based on data from viral titer and immunofluorescence assays, we report that pre-treatment of SAEC with SWCNTs significantly enhances viral infectivity that is not dependent on SWCNT electronic structure and aggregate size within the range of 106 nm – 243 nm. We further provide evidence to support that this noted effect on infectivity is not likely due to direct interaction of the virus and nanoparticles, but rather a combination of suppression of pro-inflammatory (RANTES) and anti-viral (IFIT2, IFIT3) gene/protein expression, impaired mitochondrial function and modulation of viral receptors by SWCNTs. Conclusions Results of this work reveal the potential for SWCNTs to increase susceptibility to viral infections as a mechanism of adverse effect. These data highlight the importance of investigating the ability of carbon-nanomaterials to modulate the immune system, including impacts on anti-viral mechanisms in lung cells, thereby increasing susceptibility to infectious agents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-014-0066-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Sanpui
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Road, Box 110885, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Road, Box 110885, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Julia C Loeb
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Road, Box 110885, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Joseph H Bisesi
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Road, Box 110885, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Iftheker A Khan
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 301 E. Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - A R M Nabiul Afrooz
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 301 E. Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Keira Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nicholas School of the Environment, and Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, 121 Hudson Hall, Box 90287, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Appala Raju Badireddy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nicholas School of the Environment, and Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, 121 Hudson Hall, Box 90287, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Mark R Wiesner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nicholas School of the Environment, and Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, 121 Hudson Hall, Box 90287, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - P Lee Ferguson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nicholas School of the Environment, and Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, 121 Hudson Hall, Box 90287, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Navid B Saleh
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 301 E. Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - John A Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Road, Box 110885, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Tara Sabo-Attwood
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Road, Box 110885, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Wu D, Huang W, Wang Y, Guan W, Li R, Yang Z, Zhong N. Gene silencing of β-galactosamide α-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 inhibits human influenza virus infection of airway epithelial cells. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:78. [PMID: 24670114 PMCID: PMC3986885 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human influenza virus hemagglutinin prefers to use sialic acid (SA) receptors via α-2,6 linkages. The β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase I (ST6Gal I) protein is encoded by the ST6GAL1 gene and is responsible for the addition of α-2,6 linked SA to the Galβ1-4GlcNAc disaccharide of glycans and glycoproteins found on the cellular surface. Therefore, ST6GAL1 could be a potential target for anti-influenza therapeutics. We used specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to block expression of ST6GAL1 and limit distribution of SA receptors on the surface of airway epithelial cells. Results The siRNA duplexes we used inhibited ST6GAL1 mRNA expression and subsequent expression of the encoding protein. As a result, synthesis of α-2,6 SA galactose was inhibited. Adsorption of influenza virus particles to the surface of cells transfected with appropriate specific siRNAs was significantly reduced. Intracellular viral genome copy number and virus titer within the supernatant of cells transfected with siRNAs was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner compared with those for untransfected cells and cells transfected with non-specific siRNAs. Conclusions We used siRNAs targeting ST6GAL1 to inhibit the expression of certain cell surface receptors, thereby preventing virus adsorption. This resulted in the inhibition of human influenza virus infection. Our findings are a significant development in the identification of potential new anti-influenza drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 1st KangDa Road, Guangzhou, China.
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