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Revy P, Kannengiesser C, Fischer A. Somatic genetic rescue in Mendelian haematopoietic diseases. Nat Rev Genet 2019; 20:582-598. [DOI: 10.1038/s41576-019-0139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Chandra A, Zhang F, Gilmour KC, Webster D, Plagnol V, Kumararatne DS, Burns SO, Nejentsev S, Thrasher AJ. Common variable immunodeficiency and natural killer cell lymphopenia caused by Ets-binding site mutation in the IL-2 receptor γ (IL2RG) gene promoter. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:940-2.e4. [PMID: 26525228 PMCID: PMC4774944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Chandra
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Lymphocyte Signalling & Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Fang Zhang
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberly C Gilmour
- Department of Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Webster
- University College London Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Plagnol
- University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dinakantha S Kumararatne
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan O Burns
- University College London Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, London, United Kingdom; Department of Immunology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sergey Nejentsev
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian J Thrasher
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Moya-Quiles M, Bernardo-Pisa M, Menasalvas A, Alfayate S, Fuster J, Boix F, Salgado G, Muro M, Minguela A, Álvarez-López M, García-Alonso A. Severe combined immunodeficiency: first report of a de novomutation in the IL2RGgene in a boy conceived by in vitrofertilization. Clin Genet 2014; 85:500-1. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - J.L. Fuster
- Pediatric Oncology Unit; University Hospital Virgen Arrixaca; Murcia Spain
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Estévez OA, Ortega C, Fernández S, Aguado R, Rumbao J, Perez-Navero J, Santamaría M. A novel IL2RG mutation presenting with atypical T(-)B(+)NK+ phenotype: rapid elucidation of NK cell origin. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:178-9. [PMID: 23940110 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Orlando A Estévez
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain
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Hsieh MY, Hong WH, Lin JJ, Lee WI, Lin KL, Wang HS, Chen SH, Yang CP, Jaing TH, Huang JL. T-cell receptor excision circles and repertoire diversity in children with profound T-cell immunodeficiency. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2013; 46:374-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Mallott J, Kwan A, Church J, Gonzalez-Espinosa D, Lorey F, Tang LF, Sunderam U, Rana S, Srinivasan R, Brenner SE, Puck J. Newborn screening for SCID identifies patients with ataxia telangiectasia. J Clin Immunol 2012; 33:540-9. [PMID: 23264026 PMCID: PMC3591536 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-012-9846-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is characterized by failure of T lymphocyte development and absent or very low T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs), DNA byproducts of T cell maturation. Newborn screening for TRECs to identify SCID is now performed in several states using PCR of DNA from universally collected dried blood spots (DBS). In addition to infants with typical SCID, TREC screening identifies infants with T lymphocytopenia who appear healthy and in whom a SCID diagnosis cannot be confirmed. Deep sequencing was employed to find causes of T lymphocytopenia in such infants. Methods Whole exome sequencing and analysis were performed in infants and their parents. Upon finding deleterious mutations in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene, we confirmed the diagnosis of ataxia telangiectasia (AT) in two infants and then tested archival newborn DBS of additional AT patients for TREC copy number. Results Exome sequencing and analysis led to 2 unsuspected gene diagnoses of AT. Of 13 older AT patients for whom newborn DBS had been stored, 7 samples tested positive for SCID under the criteria of California’s newborn screening program. AT children with low neonatal TRECs had low CD4 T cell counts subsequently detected (R = 0.64). Conclusions T lymphocytopenia in newborns can be a feature of AT, as revealed by TREC screening and exome sequencing. Although there is no current cure for the progressive neurological impairment of AT, early detection permits avoidance of infectious complications, while providing information for families regarding reproductive recurrence risks and increased cancer risks in patients and carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Mallott
- />Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE 301A, Box 0519, San Francisco, CA 94143-0519 USA
| | - Antonia Kwan
- />Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE 301A, Box 0519, San Francisco, CA 94143-0519 USA
| | - Joseph Church
- />Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California and Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Diana Gonzalez-Espinosa
- />Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE 301A, Box 0519, San Francisco, CA 94143-0519 USA
| | - Fred Lorey
- />Genetic Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA USA
| | - Ling Fung Tang
- />Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Uma Sunderam
- />Innovations Labs, Tata Consulting Services, Hyderabad, AP India
| | - Sadhna Rana
- />Innovations Labs, Tata Consulting Services, Hyderabad, AP India
| | | | - Steven E. Brenner
- />Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Jennifer Puck
- />Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE 301A, Box 0519, San Francisco, CA 94143-0519 USA
- />Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
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Borte S, Janzi M, Pan-Hammarström Q, von Döbeln U, Nordvall L, Winiarski J, Fasth A, Hammarström L. Placental transfer of maternally-derived IgA precludes the use of guthrie card eluates as a screening tool for primary immunodeficiency diseases. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43419. [PMID: 22916257 PMCID: PMC3420892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for neonatal screening tools to improve the long-term clinical outcome of patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID). Recently, a PCR-based screening method for both TRECs and KRECs using Guthrie card samples has been developed. However, the applicability of these excision circle assays is limited to patients with severe T or B cell lymphopenia (SCID, XLA and A-T), whereas the most common forms of PID are not detected. Absence of serum IgA is seen in a major fraction of patients with immunological defects. As serum IgA in newborns is considered to be of fetal origin, eluates from routinely collected dried blood spot samples might thus be suitable for identification of children with PID. To assess the applicability of such screening assays, stored Guthrie card samples were obtained from 47 patients with various forms of primary immunodeficiency diseases (SCID, XLA, A-T, HIGM and IgAD), 20 individuals with normal serum IgA levels born to IgA-deficient mothers and 51 matched healthy newborns. Surprisingly, normal serum IgA levels were found in all SCID, XLA, A-T and HIGM patients and, additionally, in all those IgAD patients born to IgA-sufficient mothers. Conversely, no serum IgA was found in any of the 16 IgAD patients born by IgA-deficient mothers. Moreover, half of the IgA-sufficient individuals born by IgA-deficient mothers also lacked IgA at birth whereas no IgA-deficient individuals were found among the controls. IgA in neonatal dried blood samples thus appears to be of both maternal and fetal origin and precludes its use as a reliable marker for neonatal screening of primary immunodeficiency diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Borte
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL) at Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail: (SB); (LH)
| | - Magdalena Janzi
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika von Döbeln
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Nordvall
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Academic Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jacek Winiarski
- Division of Pediatrics (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Fasth
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (SB); (LH)
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Mutations causing severe combined immunodeficiency: detection with a custom resequencing microarray. Genet Med 2009; 10:575-85. [PMID: 18641513 DOI: 10.1097/gim.0b013e31818063bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mutation diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency is challenging because of the multiplicity of disease genes and large number of disease-causing mutations, including unique ones that continue to be found. A resequencing microarray could facilitate mutation detection, increasing the chance of diagnosing infants early for optimal rescue by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS After analyzing cumulative mutations, we developed a custom Affymetrix GeneChip microarray including probes representing exons and flanking regions of severe combined immunodeficiency disease genes. DNA samples were analyzed by array versus standard dideoxy genomic sequencing. We tested males and their mothers with X-linked IL2RG variants and patients and carriers with autosomal variants in IL7R, JAK3, and DCLRE1C. RESULTS New, unique severe combined immunodeficiency mutations are frequent. Resequencing array call rates of 95-98% exceeded GeneChip product specifications, and all of 47 point mutations in known samples were detected, as were the sites of 12 of 22 disease-causing insertions and deletions. Each gene had particular nucleotides that were often not called correctly and had to be excluded from analysis; exclusion rates ranged from 0.4% (hemizygous IL2RG) to 9.2% (heterozygous JAK3). CONCLUSION Microarray resequencing is a promising technology for severe combined immunodeficiency mutation diagnosis that can detect both known and new mutations. Future customization of probe sequences and analysis algorithms could increase the number of accurately called nucleotides.
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