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Liang J, Wan Z, Qian C, Rasheed M, Cao C, Sun J, Wang X, Chen Z, Deng Y. The pyroptosis mediated biomarker pattern: an emerging diagnostic approach for Parkinson's disease. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:7. [PMID: 38172670 PMCID: PMC10765853 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) affects 1% of people over 60, and long-term levodopa treatment can cause side effects. Early diagnosis is of great significance in slowing down the pathological process of PD. Multiple pieces of evidence showed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could participate in the progression of PD pathology. Pyroptosis is known to be regulated by ncRNAs as a key pathological feature of PD. Therefore, evaluating ncRNAs and pyroptosis-related proteins in serum could be worthy biomarkers for early diagnosis of PD. METHODS NcRNAs and pyroptosis/inflammation mRNA levels were measured with reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Luciferase assays were performed to confirm GSDME as a target of miR-675-5p and HMGB1 as a target of miR-1247-5p. In the serum of healthy controls (n = 106) and PD patients (n = 104), RT-qPCR was utilized to assess miR-675-5p, miR-1247-5p, and two related ncRNAs (circSLC8A1and lncH19) levels. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measured serum levels of pyroptosis-related proteins in controls (n = 54) and PD patients (n = 70). RESULTS Our data demonstrated that miR-675-5p and miR-1247-5p significantly changed in PD neuron and animal models. Overexpressed miR-675-5p or downregulated miR-1247-5p could regulate pyroptosis and inflammation in PD neuron models. Using the random forest algorithm, we constructed a classifier based on PD neuron-pyroptosis pathology (four ncRNAs and six proteins) having better predictive power than single biomarkers (AUC = 92%). Additionally, we verified the performance of the classifier in early-stage PD patients (AUC ≥ 88%). CONCLUSION Serum pyroptosis-related ncRNAs and proteins could serve as reliable, inexpensive, and non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for PD. LIMITATIONS All participants were from the same region. Additionally, longitudinal studies in the aged population are required to explore the practical application value of the classifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhan Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Wan
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Madiha Rasheed
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Changling Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhe Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yulin Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Zeng Z, Cen Y, Wang L, Luo X. Association between dietary inflammatory index and Parkinson's disease from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2018): a cross-sectional study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1203979. [PMID: 37547135 PMCID: PMC10398569 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1203979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objected To explore the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores in adults over 40 years old in the US. Method Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2003 to 2018. A total of 21,994 participants were included in the study. A weighted univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between the DII and PD, in which continuous variables or categorical variables grouped by tertiles was used. The relationship between DII and PD has been further investigated using propensity score matching (PSM) and a subgroup analysis stratified based on DII and PD characteristics. Moreover, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was conducted to examine whether there was a nonlinear association between DII and PD. Results A total of 21,994 participants were obtained for statistical analysis, made up of 263 patients with PD and 21,731 participants without PD. Univariate and multivariable logistics regression analysis showed DII to be positively associated with PD before and after matching. Subgroup analysis revealed a statistical difference in non-Hispanic whites, but RCS analysis suggested that there was no nonlinear relationship between the DII and PD. Conclusion For participants over 40 years of age, higher DII scores were positively correlated with PD. In addition, these results support the ability of diet to be used as an intervention strategy for managing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohao Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Xiaogan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanmei Cen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Xiaogan, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoguang Luo
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Xiaogan, Hubei, China
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Blood Biomarkers in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Review in Context of Anesthetic Care. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040693. [PMID: 36832181 PMCID: PMC9955162 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder after dementia. Preclinical and epidemiological data strongly suggest that chronic neuroinflammation slowly induces neuronal dysfunction. Activated microglia secrete several neurotoxic substances, such as chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines, which may promote blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeabilization. CD4+ T cells comprise proinflammatory cells such as T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells, as well as anti-inflammatory cells such as Th2 and T regulatory cells (Tregs). Th1 and Th17 cells can be detrimental to dopamine neurons, whereas Th2 and Tregs are neuroprotective. The results of studies on the serum levels of cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α secreted by Th1 T cells, IL-8 and IL-10 secreted by Th2 T cells, and IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells in PD patients are not uniform. In addition, the relationships between serum cytokine levels and motor and non-motor symptoms of PD are controversial. Surgical stress and anesthesia induce inflammatory responses by disturbing the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which may exacerbate the neuroinflammatory response in PD patients. Here we review studies on blood inflammatory biomarkers in PD patients and discuss the roles of surgery and anesthesia in PD progression.
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Zulfugarova P, Zivari-Ghader T, Maharramova S, Ahmadian E, Eftekhari A, Khalilov R, Turksoy VA, Rosić G, Selakovic D. A mechanistic review of pharmacological activities of homeopathic medicine licorice against neural diseases. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1148258. [PMID: 36950127 PMCID: PMC10025333 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1148258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of medicinal plants has grown in popularity in recent decades because, as natural ingredients, they have fewer adverse effects and are more effective than synthetic alternatives. As a small perennial herb, Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Licorice) has been investigated for its therapeutic efficacy against neural disorders mainly ischemic stroke as well as the neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease which has been attributed to its HMGB inhibitory function, reactive oxygen scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of current review is to review the evidence for the pharmacological effects of licorice and its vital active components on neurological disorders and the underlying signaling networks. We reviewed Papers published from 2000.1.1 up to 2 January 2023 in web of science, Google Scholar and PubMed data bases using key words including "Licorice," "Glycyrrhiza glabra L.," "Glycyrrhizic acid," "brain," "neurodegenerative disease," "Alzheimer's," and "Parkinson" were used to search in title/abstracts. Licorice extract and/or its active components can be used safely in therapeutic doses for optimizing the management of a multiple neurodegenerative disorders, and hampering the extent of neural tissue injury and neurologic deficits subsequent to cerebrovascular accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Zulfugarova
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Tayebeh Zivari-Ghader
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevinj Maharramova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Management, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Ministry of Science and Education Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aziz Eftekhari,
| | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Vugar Ali Turksoy
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Gvozden Rosić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Gvozden Rosić,
| | - Dragica Selakovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Dragica Selakovic,
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Mao D, Zheng Y, Xu F, Han X, Zhao H. HMGB1 in nervous system diseases: A common biomarker and potential therapeutic target. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1029891. [PMID: 36388178 PMCID: PMC9659947 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1029891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein associated with early inflammatory changes upon extracellular secretion expressed in various cells, including neurons and microglia. With the progress of research, neuroinflammation is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's, epilepsy, and autism. As a key promoter of neuroinflammation, HMGB1 is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, autism, depression, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, in the clinic, HMGB1 has not been described as a biomarker for the above-mentioned diseases. However, the current preclinical research results show that HMGB1 antagonists have positive significance in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and other diseases. This review discusses the possible mechanisms by which HMGB1 mediates Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, autism, depression, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the potential of HMGB1 as a biomarker for these diseases. Future research needs to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fenfen Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Hongyang Zhao
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Liu H, Deng B, Zhou H, Wu Z, Chen Y, Weng G, Zhu S, Xu J, Wang H, Zhou Z, Tan EK, Wang Q. QEEG indices are associated with inflammatory and metabolic risk factors in Parkinson's disease dementia: An observational study. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 52:101615. [PMID: 36034410 PMCID: PMC9399166 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) is a reliable and non-invasive diagnostic tool to quantify cortical synaptic injury or loss in the clinical assessment of neurodegenerative diseases, and may be able to differentiate various types of dementia. We investigated if QEEG indices can differentiate Parkinson's Disease (PD) with nondementia (PD-ND) from PD with dementia (PDD), and to determine if QEEG indices correlate with inflammation and lipid metabolism markers in PD. METHODS This clinical study collected data between July 1, 2018 and July 1, 2021 in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University in China and data was analysed. A total of 125 individuals comprising of 31 PDD, 47 patients with PD-ND and 47 healthy controls were included. We calculated the absolute spectral power (ASP) of frequency bands and the slow-to-fast frequency ratios of specific brain regions. Plasma levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured and correlations with QEEG indices were examined. FINDINGS A significantly higher ASP of delta frequency especially in the frontal region was observed in patients with PDD compared to PD-ND (P=0.004) and controls (P=0.000). Decreased HDL-C (OR=0.186, P=0.030), and increased Hs-CRP (OR =2.856, P=0.015) were associated with PDD. Frontal-delta ASP was negatively correlated with plasma HDL-C (r=-0.353, P=0.000) and SOD (r=-0.322, P=0.001), and positively correlated with Hs-CRP (r=0.342, P=0.000). INTERPRETATION We highlight novel correlations between QEEG indices and inflammation and lipid metabolism markers in PD-ND and PDD. QEEG indices, HDL-C and Hs-CRP are potentially useful for the evaluation of PDD. Our current findings suggest that peripheral inflammation might contribute to the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment and EEG slowing in PDD. The mechanism underlying frontal-delta ASP and its correlation with neuro-inflammatory and metabolic markers in PDD should be further investigated. FUNDING The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO: 81873777, 82071414); the Scientific Research Foundation of Guangzhou (NO: 202206010005); the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong of China (NO: 2020A0505100037); the High-level Hospital Construction Research Project of Maoming People's Hospital (NO: xz2020009); the Science and Technology Program of Maoming City (NO: 2021S0026). Dr EK Tan is supported by the National Medical Research Council, Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Zhihuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, 1st People Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Guomei Weng
- Department of Neurology, 1st People Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
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Liu J, Yin W, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Gu M, Liu B, Ren H, Yang X. Association between levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in plasma and freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1865-1872. [PMID: 35471697 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the potential relationship between levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in plasma and freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease (PD) in China. A total of 72 healthy subjects, 62 PD patients with FOG, and 83 PD patients without FOG from our center were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients with FOG showed significantly higher hs-CRP levels than controls, but patients without FOG did not. Binary logistic regression analysis identified levels of hs-CRP in plasma to be an independent risk factor for FOG among the patients in our cohort (OR 6.371, 95% CI 2.589-15.678, p < 0.001). In fact, a cut-off level of 0.935 mg/L distinguished patients with or without FOG [area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.908, sensitivity 87.1%, specificity 89.2%]. Our study suggests that high levels of hs-CRP in plasma are associated with the occurrence of FOG in PD. The pooled data combined with a previous study carried out in Spain also indicate a positive association between plasma hs-CRP levels and FOG in PD. However, more research is still needed to verify the plasma hs-CRP as a potential biomarker of FOG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Zhenkang County People's Hospital, Lincang, 677704, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifang Yin
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbin Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangfan Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Gu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglong Yang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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Balomenos V, Bounou L, Charisis S, Stamelou M, Ntanasi E, Georgiadi K, Mourtzinos I, Tzima K, Anastasiou CA, Xiromerisiou G, Maraki M, Yannakoulia M, Kosmidis MH, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Stefanis L, Scarmeas N. Dietary Inflammatory Index score and prodromal Parkinson's disease incidence: The HELIAD study. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 105:108994. [PMID: 35341916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the inflammatory potential of diet with prodromal Parkinson's disease (pPD) probability and incidence among community-dwelling older individuals without clinical features of parkinsonism at baseline. METHODS The sample consisted of 1,030 participants 65 years old or older, drawn from a population-based cohort study of older adults in Greece (Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet - HELIAD). We calculated pPD probability, according to International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society research criteria. Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was used to measure the dietary inflammatory potential, with higher index score reflecting a more pro-inflammatory diet. Associations of baseline DII with pPD probability cross-sectionally, and with possible/probable pPD incidence (pPD probability ≥30%) during the follow-up period, were examined via general linear models and generalized estimating equations, respectively. RESULTS Cross-sectionally, one unit increase of DII score[DII (min, max) = -5.83, 6.01]was associated with 4.9% increased pPD probability [β=0.049, 95%CI (0.025-0.090), p<0.001]. Prospectively, 62 participants developed pPD during 3.1±0.9 (mean±SD) years of follow-up. One unit increase in DII was associated with 20.3% increased risk for developing pPD [RR=1.203, 95%CI (1.070-1.351), p=0.002]. Participants in the highest tertile of DII score were 2.6 times more likely to develop pPD [β=2.594, 95%CI (1.332-5.050), p=0.005], compared to those in the lowest tertile. CONCLUSION More pro-inflammatory diet was related with higher pPD probability and pPD incidence (pPD probability ≥30%) in a community-dwelling older adult population. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Balomenos
- School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, Alexandroupolis, GR-68100, Greece
| | - Lamprini Bounou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 72-74 Vasilissis Sofias Str., Athens, GR-115 28, Greece
| | - Socratis Charisis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 72-74 Vasilissis Sofias Str., Athens, GR-115 28, Greece; Department of Neurology, Health Science Center at San Antonio, University of Texas, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas, TX 78229, USA
| | - Maria Stamelou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 72-74 Vasilissis Sofias Str., Athens, GR-115 28, Greece; Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department, Hygeia Hospital, 4, Erythrou Stavrou Str. & Kifisias Av., Marousi, Athens, GR-151 23, Greece; Medical School, University of Cyprus, 93 Ayiou Nikolaou Str., Egkomi Nicosia, CY-2408, Cyprus
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 72-74 Vasilissis Sofias Str., Athens, GR-115 28, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Georgiadi
- School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, Alexandroupolis, GR-68100, Greece
| | - Ioannis Mourtzinos
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 256, Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Katerina Tzima
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 DY05, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Costas A Anastasiou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Str., Kallithea, Athens, GR-176 76, Greece
| | - Georgia Xiromerisiou
- School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 22 Papakiriazi Str., Larissa, GR-41222, Greece
| | - Maria Maraki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Str., Kallithea, Athens, GR-176 76, Greece; Section of Sport Medicine and Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis Str., Dafni, Athens, GR-17237, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Str., Kallithea, Athens, GR-176 76, Greece.
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, Thessaloniki, GR- 54124, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 22 Papakiriazi Str., Larissa, GR-41222, Greece
| | - Georgios Hadjigeorgiou
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, 93 Ayiou Nikolaou Str., Egkomi Nicosia, CY-2408, Cyprus
| | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, 8 Zinonos Eleatou Str., Marousi, GR-151 23, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 72-74 Vasilissis Sofias Str., Athens, GR-115 28, Greece; Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Str., Athens, GR-115 27, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 72-74 Vasilissis Sofias Str., Athens, GR-115 28, Greece; Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Str., New York, NY 10032, USA
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Zimmermann M, Brockmann K. Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:S183-S200. [PMID: 35661021 PMCID: PMC9535573 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Given the clear role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and its impact on incidence and phenotypical characteristics, this review provides an overview with focus on inflammatory biofluid markers in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in PD patient cohorts. In preparation for clinical trials targeting the immune system, we specifically address the following questions: 1) What evidence do we have for pro-inflammatory profiles in blood and in CSF of sporadic and genetic PD patients? 2) Is there a role of anti-inflammatory mediators in blood/CSF? 3) Do inflammatory profiles in blood reflect those in CSF indicative of a cross-talk between periphery and brain? 4) Do blood/CSF inflammatory profiles change over the disease course as assessed in repeatedly taken biosamples? 5) Are blood/CSF inflammatory profiles associated with phenotypical trajectories in PD? 6) Are blood/CSF inflammatory profiles associated with CSF levels of neurodegenerative/PD-specific biomarkers? Knowledge on these questions will inform future strategies for patient stratification and cohort enrichment as well as suitable outcome measures for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Zimmermann
- Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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10
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Circulating HMGB1 is elevated in veterans with Gulf War Illness and triggers the persistent pro-inflammatory microglia phenotype in male C57Bl/6J mice. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:390. [PMID: 34253711 PMCID: PMC8275600 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic, multi-symptom peripheral and CNS condition with persistent microglial dysregulation, but the mechanisms driving the continuous neuroimmune pathology are poorly understood. The alarmin HMGB1 is an autocrine and paracrine pro-inflammatory signal, but the role of circulating HMGB1 in persistent neuroinflammation and GWI remains largely unknown. Using the LPS model of the persistent microglial pro-inflammatory response, male C57Bl/6J mice injected with LPS (5 mg/kg IP) exhibited persistent changes in microglia morphology and elevated pro-inflammatory markers in the hippocampus, cortex, and midbrain 7 days after LPS injection, while the peripheral immune response had resolved. Ex vivo serum analysis revealed an augmented pro-inflammatory response to LPS when microglia cells were cultured with the 7-day LPS serum, indicating the presence of bioactive circulating factors that prime the microglial pro-inflammatory response. Elevated circulating HMGB1 levels were identified in the mouse serum 7 days after LPS administration and in the serum of veterans with GWI. Tail vein injection of rHMGB1 in male C57Bl/6 J mice elevated TNFα mRNA levels in the liver, hippocampus, and cortex, demonstrating HMGB1-induced peripheral and CNS effects. Microglia isolated at 7 days after LPS injection revealed a unique transcriptional profile of 17 genes when compared to the acute 3 H LPS response, 6 of which were also upregulated in the midbrain by rHMGB1, highlighting a distinct signature of the persistent pro-inflammatory microglia phenotype. These findings indicate that circulating HMGB1 is elevated in GWI, regulates the microglial neuroimmune response, and drives chronic neuroinflammation that persists long after the initial instigating peripheral stimulus.
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Kozłowska E, Brzezińska-Błaszczyk E, Agier J, Wysokiński A, Żelechowska P. Alarmins (IL-33, sST2, HMGB1, and S100B) as potential biomarkers for schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:380-387. [PMID: 33957300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that immune/inflammatory processes are related to the etiology of schizophrenia. Danger-/damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), also called alarmins, are recognized as inflammatory mediators that play an important role in the development of many infection-induced or sterile inflammatory diseases. The importance of DAMPs particles in various mental disorders is still not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate serum levels of the most promising alarmins (IL-33, sST2, HMGB1, and S100B), as potent schizophrenia biomarkers. Sixty-eight adult patients with chronic schizophrenia and twenty-nine healthy volunteers were included in this prospective study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the serum concentration of IL-33, sST2, HMGB1, and S100B. We documented that the serum levels of IL-33 (p = 0.006), sST2 (p = 0.02), HMGB1 (p = 0.01), and S100B (p = 0.04) are significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy subjects. In male, but not in female, patients with schizophrenia, we found a significant difference in the serum IL-33, sST2, and HMGB1 concentrations as compared to the healthy men. In both male and female patients with schizophrenia, there was no significant difference in the serum concentrations of S100B in comparison to control subjects. In patients with schizophrenia, no significant correlations were noticed neither between any studied alarmins and PANSS scores nor between CDSS scores. Given that all investigated alarmins participate in the course of the neuroinflammatory process, they might be considered as biomarkers of neuroinflammatory process underlying schizophrenia. Based on our observations, it seems that the most useful biological indicator of schizophrenia would be IL-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Kozłowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | | | - Justyna Agier
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adam Wysokiński
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Żelechowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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12
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Duan J, Leng X, Han Z, Cai Y, Wang C, Rajah G, Song H, Ding Y, Ji X. Identifying Biomarkers Associated with Venous Infarction in Acute/Subacute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis. Aging Dis 2021; 12:93-101. [PMID: 33532130 PMCID: PMC7801269 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Among cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) patients, those with venous infarction have more severe clinical presentations and worse outcomes. Identifying biomarkers associated with venous infarction in CVT may help understand the pathogenesis and provide potentially useful therapeutic markers. Fifty-two CVT patients were prospectively recruited and divided into three groups: acute/subacute CVT with venous infarction (ASVI, n=30), without venous infarction (ASOVI, n=13), and chronic CVT (n=9). Blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability-related proteins, including claudin-5, occludin, matrix metalloproteinase-9, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and S100B, and inflammation-related factor high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), were tested in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid upon admission. We compared these biomarkers between the three groups and investigated their associations with venous infarction and clinical symptom severity in acute/subacute CVT patients on admission using the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Serum hs-CRP was significantly higher in acute/subacute CVT patients than chronic CVT patients. For acute/subacute CVT patients, levels were significantly higher in the ASVI group than the ASOVI group for serum claudin-5 (medians 2.80 vs. 2.50 mg/I, respectively, P = 0.039) and hs-CRP (medians 17.25 vs. 2.27 mg/l, respectively, P = 0.003). Both these biomarkers, analyzed as categorical or continuous variables, were also significantly associated with venous infarction in acute/subacute CVT patients after logistic regression analysis. Additionally, hs-CRP was positively correlated with the NIHSS (r = 0.710, P < 0.001) on admission in acute/subacute CVT patients. In CVT patients, venous infarction was associated with BBB disruption and potentially inflammation. Hs-CRP might serve as a biomarker reflecting the clinical severity of CVT in the acute/subacute stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Duan
- 1Department of Emergency, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,7Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Leng
- 2Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ziping Han
- 3Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,7Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanning Cai
- 4Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiu Wang
- 5Department of Evidence-based Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gary Rajah
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Haiqing Song
- 7Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Xunming Ji
- 7Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Jin H, Gu HY, Mao CJ, Chen J, Liu CF. Association of inflammatory factors and aging in Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2020; 736:135259. [PMID: 32682845 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease as a common neurodegenerative disease, has been found to be related to inflammation. So we observed the characteristics of inflammatory indexes in patients with Parkinson's disease and investigated the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and clinical characteristics. Emerging data may reveal novel neuroinflammatory pathways and identify new targets for treatment of Parkinson's disease. METHODS We examined the inflammatory indexes in 183 patients and 89 healthy controls in association with clinical characteristics. RESULTS Patients had significantly higher levels of monocytes, neutrophils, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratios (p < 0.01) and lower levels of lymphocytes (p = 0.02) than the controls. There were no significant differences in age, leukocytes, high-density lipoprotein, or neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios between the two groups (p > 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of these indicators revealed that lymphocyte level was a protective factor (p = 0.025, OR=-0.679), while high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was a risk factor (p = 0.000, OR=1.168) for Parkinson's disease. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were higher in older Parkinson's disease patients. CONCLUSION High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is positively related to the risk of Parkinson's disease, especially in aging patients. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is a potential biomarker for disease progression and treatment response for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Han-Ying Gu
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Mao
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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14
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Wang X, Fan Y, Wang L, Chen B, Lu Y, Luo D. The association between the C-reactive protein gene +1444C/T polymorphism and Parkinson's disease susceptibility in a Chinese population. Gene 2020; 753:144808. [PMID: 32470505 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE C-reactive protein (CRP) is increased in Parkinson's disease (PD). The CRP +1444C/T (rs1130864) polymorphism is located in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) and is associated with serum CRP concentrations. We explored the relationship between the CRP +1444C/T polymorphism and susceptibility to PD. METHODS A total of 1000 subjects from a Chinese population were recruited into this case-control study, including 500 PD patients and 500 healthy controls. The genotype of the CRP +1444C/T polymorphism was tested by Sanger sequencing, and the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was assessed in the groups. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate the strength of any correlations in allelic, dominant, recessive, and additive genetic models. RESULTS The genotypic distribution of the CRP +1444C/T polymorphism was consistent with HWE in controls, and markedly different with cases. The CRP +1444C/T polymorphism was associated with increased PD risk in allelic and dominant models in the overall and male population, but not the female subgroup. CONCLUSION The presence of a CRP +1444C/T polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of PD in our Chinese population. Given the missing support for a role of this SNP in PD in the pre-existing GWAS, the SNP may not be genuinely associated with PD despite some positive candidate gene studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yawei Fan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Research of Henan Province, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003 China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yanjun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Danju Luo
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 China.
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15
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Yang W, Chang Z, Que R, Weng G, Deng B, Wang T, Huang Z, Xie F, Wei X, Yang Q, Li M, Ma K, Zhou F, Tang B, Mok VCT, Zhu S, Wang Q. Contra-Directional Expression of Plasma Superoxide Dismutase with Lipoprotein Cholesterol and High-Sensitivity C-reactive Protein as Important Markers of Parkinson's Disease Severity. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:53. [PMID: 32210787 PMCID: PMC7068795 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Oxidative stress and inflammation play critical roles in the neuropathogenesis of PD. We aimed to evaluate oxidative stress and inflammation status by measuring serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) with lipoprotein cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) respectively in PD patients, and explore their correlation with the disease severity. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study that included 204 PD patients and 204 age-matched healthy controls (HCs). Plasma levels of SOD, hsCRP, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured. A series of neuropsychological assessments were performed to rate the severity of PD. Results: The plasma levels of SOD (135.7 ± 20.14 vs. 147.2 ± 24.34, P < 0.0001), total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C in PD were significantly lower than those in HCs; the hsCRP level was remarkably increased in PD compared to HC (2.766 ± 3.242 vs. 1.637 ± 1.597, P < 0.0001). The plasma SOD was negatively correlated with the hsCRP, while positively correlated with total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C in PD patients. The plasma SOD were negatively correlated with H&Y, total UPDRS, UPDRS (I), UPDRS (II), and UPDRS (III) scores, but positively correlated with MoCA and MMSE scores. Besides, hsCRP was negatively correlated with MoCA; while total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C were positively correlated with the MoCA, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that lower SOD along with cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C, and higher hsCRP levels might be important markers to assess the PD severity. A better understanding of SOD and hsCRP may yield insights into the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongfang Que
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guomei Weng
- Department of Neurology, The First People Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zifeng Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Wei
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyan Li
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kefu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengli Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Vincent C T Mok
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Paudel YN, Angelopoulou E, Semple B, Piperi C, Othman I, Shaikh MF. Potential Neuroprotective Effect of the HMGB1 Inhibitor Glycyrrhizin in Neurological Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:485-500. [PMID: 31972087 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhizic acid), a bioactive triterpenoid saponin constituent of Glycyrrhiza glabra, is a traditional medicine possessing a plethora of pharmacological anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiaging properties. It is a known pharmacological inhibitor of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous protein with proinflammatory cytokine-like activity. HMGB1 has been implicated in an array of inflammatory diseases when released extracellularly, mainly by activating intracellular signaling upon binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). HMGB1 neutralization strategies have demonstrated disease-modifying outcomes in several preclinical models of neurological disorders. Herein, we reveal the potential neuroprotective effects of glycyrrhizin against several neurological disorders. Emerging findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of glycyrrhizin against several HMGB1-mediated pathological conditions including traumatic brain injury, neuroinflammation and associated conditions, epileptic seizures, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Glycyrrhizin's effects in neurological disorders are mainly attributed to the attenuation of neuronal damage by inhibiting HMGB1 expression and translocation as well as by downregulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines. A large number of preclinical findings supports the notion that glycyrrhizin might be a promising therapeutic alternative to overcome the shortcomings of the mainstream therapeutic strategies against neurological disorders, mainly by halting disease progression. However, future research is warranted for a deeper exploration of the precise underlying molecular mechanism as well as for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Bridgette Semple
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
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17
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Qiu X, Xiao Y, Wu J, Gan L, Huang Y, Wang J. C-Reactive Protein and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurol 2019; 10:384. [PMID: 31057478 PMCID: PMC6478798 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) has been identified as a common inflammation-related cytokine. Although publications indicate that CRP is associated with the pathogenesis of neurological disorders and deemed to be a "risk factor" for Parkinson's disease (PD), the evidence exists still indefinitely. Here, we performed a systematic review with meta-analysis synthesizing all the eligible studies on serum, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CRP levels and PD risk to investigate the potential relevance. Methods: A systematical search up to October 2018 was performed via PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, ISI Web of Science as well as three Chinese medical databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), VIP database and WanFang database. Risk was assessed by standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to investigate the involvement of CRP levels in PD patients. Results: Twenty-three eligible case-control studies involving 4,598 individuals (2,646 PD patients and 1,932 healthy controls) were incorporated into this meta-analysis. Results have indicated significant increase of CRP levels in PD subjects when compared with control groups in serum (SMD = 1.115, 95% CI 0.619-1.61, P < 0.001), CSF (SMD = 1.127, 95% CI 0.133-2.120, P = 0.026) as well as whole blood (SMD = 1.071, 95% CI 0.715-1.426, P < 0.001). Conclusions: This meta-analysis revealed that PD is associated with an increase of CRP levels. CRP might be a risk factor for PD or PD leads to an inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yousheng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanning Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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