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Derikvand N, Basirat M, Ghasemi SS, Hashemi R. The Photobiomodulation effect of 980 nm Diode Laser on Patients with Xerostomia. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 39:10. [PMID: 38117359 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03949-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Xerostomia is not a disease in itself. This condition is associated with systemic diseases, medication use, and radiotherapy. Oral and general health suffer when the salivary gland´s function is reduced. The effectiveness of therapeutic methods in resolving this issue thus far has been inadequate. This study aimed to determine the photobiomodulation (PBM) effect of a 980 nm laser on xerostomia. METHODS A quasi-experimental study was carried out using a 980 nm diode laser on 28 patients with xerostomia. A diode laser (980 nm) was used extortionally over the submandibular glands and parotids and it was used internally in the sublingual glands. The laser beam (extrorally 6 J, 300mW, 20 s, and introrally 4 J, 200mW, 20 s) was applied bilaterally every other day for 10 sessions. It should be noted that 8 points of the parotid, 2 points of the submandibular glands, and 2 points of the sublingual glands were irradiated. The saliva was collected each session using the Navazesh technique, 5 min before and after PBM. The Wilcoxon test was used to study the effect of laser therapy on saliva flow rate (volume and weight). The P < 0.05 level was considered a significant level. RESULTS The volume (P < 0.0001) and the weight (P < 0.0001) of the saliva were increased by using a 980 nm diode laser. While, in smokers and diabetic patients with hypertension, no significant difference was observed in either saliva volume (P = 0.593, P = 0.092) or weight (P = 0.785, P = 0.089). CONCLUSION In this study, the volume and weight of the unstimulated saliva in most patients with xerostomia increased with using PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Derikvand
- Department of Periodontics, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran.
| | - Maryam Basirat
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentisrtry, Giulan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Reza Hashemi
- Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
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Golež A, Frangež I, Cankar K, Frangež HB, Ovsenik M, Nemeth L. Effects of low-level light therapy on xerostomia related to hyposalivation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:745-758. [PMID: 34409539 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyposalivation is a condition represented by a reduced salivary flow and may include symptoms such as mouth dryness (xerostomia), loss of taste, pain, dysphagia, and dysphonia, all of which greatly affect an individual's quality of life.The aim of the present study was to systematically review the effects of low-level light therapy irradiation (photobiomodulation) on salivary gland function in patients with hyposalivation.The main question of the systematic review was: "Does low-level light irradiation therapy of the salivary glands affect salivary flow rate or indicators of salivary function (ion and protein concentrations) in patients with xerostomia or hyposalivation?" The question was based on the PICO (participant, intervention, control, outcome) principle and followed the PRISMA guidelines. Databases were explored and papers published between the years 1997 and 2020 were reviewed for the following Mesh-term keywords and their corresponding entry terms in different combinations: "Low-level light therapy," "Xerostomia," "Saliva," "Salivary glands," "Salivation."The initial sample consisted of 220 articles. Of those, 47 articles were used for full-text analysis and 18 were used for a systematic review, 14 were used in meta-analysis. According to their individual quality, most articles were classified as high quality of evidence according to the GRADE score. Meta-analysis of the evidence observed increase of unstimulated salivary flow 0.51 SMD compared to placebo (95% CI: 0.16-0.86), I2 = 50%, p = 0.005.The findings of our review revealed evidence of a beneficial effect of photobiomodulation therapy on salivary gland function. The therapy alleviates xerostomia and hyposalivation. However, these effects are reported short term only and did not induce lasting effects of photobiomodulation therapy on patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljaž Golež
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Frangež
- Department for Surgical Infections, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 7, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Cankar
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Ban Frangež
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slajmerjeva 3, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slajmerjeva 3, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Ovsenik
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lidija Nemeth
- Department of Dental Diseases and Normal Dental Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Division of Stomatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Stomatoloska klinika, Hrvatski trg 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Fukuoka CY, Vicari HP, Sipert CR, Bhawal UK, Abiko Y, Arana-Chavez VE, Simões A. Early effect of laser irradiation in signaling pathways of diabetic rat submandibular salivary glands. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236727. [PMID: 32750068 PMCID: PMC7402516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) is clinically used to modulate inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis. However, its molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. This study aimed to describe the effects of LPLI upon inflammatory, apoptotic and proliferation markers in submandibular salivary glands (SMGs) in an experimental model of chronic disorder, 24h after one time irradiation. Diabetes was induced in rats by the injection of streptozotocin. After 29 days, these animals were treated with LPLI in the SMG area, and euthanized 24h after this irradiation. Treatment with LPLI significantly decreased diabetes-induced high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression, while enhancing the activation of the transcriptional factor cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein. LPLI also reduced the expression of bax, a mitochondrial apoptotic marker, favoring the cell survival. These findings suggest that LPLI can hamper the state of chronic inflammation and favor homeostasis in diabetic rats SMGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Yuki Fukuoka
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo Passos Vicari
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Renata Sipert
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ujjal Kumar Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Abiko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Victor Elias Arana-Chavez
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alyne Simões
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Effect of photobiomodulation on salivary flow and composition, xerostomia and quality of life of patients during head and neck radiotherapy in short term follow-up: A randomized controlled clinical trial. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 209:111933. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Heiskanen V, Zadik Y, Elad S. Photobiomodulation Therapy for Cancer Treatment-Related Salivary Gland Dysfunction: A Systematic Review. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:340-347. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Heiskanen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yehuda Zadik
- Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharon Elad
- Oral Medicine, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Ibuki FK, Bergamaschi CT, da Silva Pedrosa M, Nogueira FN. Effect of vitamin C and E on oxidative stress and antioxidant system in the salivary glands of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 116:104765. [PMID: 32470831 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation in the prevention of oxidative stress in the salivary glands of STZ-induced diabetic rats. DESIGN Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n = 8 in each): control (C), control supplemented with vitamin C (Cvc) and E (Cve), diabetic (D), and diabetic supplemented with vitamin C (Dvc) and E (Dve). Vitamin C (150 mg/kg) and E (300 mg/kg) were daily administered for 21 days. Serum ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol levels were quantified. Glandular levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2-), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the total antioxidant status (TAS) were estimated. RESULTS Vitamin C and E levels were reduced in D group. Vitamin C decreased the levels of O2- in the salivary gland of diabetic rats. Vitamin E increased the concentration of O2- in PA gland of diabetic animals. In the SM gland of the diabetic group, MDA, SOD, GPx and TAS increased. Dve presented reduced SOD activity and increased GR, GPx, and MDA. Dve increased GPx, Gr and TAS levels. In the PA gland, MDA, SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, and TAS were similar in C and D. TAS, SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR increased in Dvc. Vitamin E supplementation resulted in increased MDA and CAT levels and reduced SOD activity. CONCLUSION In the SM glands of the diabetic rats, vitamin C supplementation improved the antioxidant system, while vitamin E acted as pro-oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Kazue Ibuki
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cassia T Bergamaschi
- Department of Physiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marlus da Silva Pedrosa
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Neves Nogueira
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Kalhori KA, Vahdatinia F, Jamalpour MR, Vescovi P, Fornaini C, Merigo E, Fekrazad R. Photobiomodulation in Oral Medicine. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:837-861. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Farshid Vahdatinia
- Dental Implants Research Center, Dental School of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Jamalpour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Implants Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Paolo Vescovi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Fornaini
- Group of Applied ElectroMagnetics, Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Laboratoire MicOralIS (Microbiologie Orale, Immunothérapie et Santé) EA7354, UFR d'Odontologie, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Elisabetta Merigo
- Laboratoire MicOralIS (Microbiologie Orale, Immunothérapie et Santé) EA7354, UFR d'Odontologie, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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The impact of photobiomodulation of major salivary glands on caries risk. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:193-203. [PMID: 31325124 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries is a complex multifactorial chronic infectious disease guided by several risk or protective factors. Saliva has an important role in caries and the remineralization process. Caries risk assessment is defined as the probability of new caries lesion development or the existing lesion progression in a given time period. Caries diagnostics and risk factor assessment are followed by targeted elimination of risk factors and less conservative but abundant preventive therapeutic measures. The aim of our prospective randomized study was to elucidate on how photobiomodulation of major salivary glands with polychromatic light or LED light affects caries risk factors in high caries-risk patients. Thirty-six patients were assigned to one of the following three experimental groups: the first, irradiated with polarized polychromatic light (40 mW/cm2, wavelengths 480-3400 nm); the second, a continuous LED light (16 mW/cm2, wavelengths 625, 660, 850 nm); the third, same LED light in a pulsed mode. The fourth group was the control, for which a non-therapeutic visible light was used. Light was administered extra-orally bilaterally above the parotid and submandibular glands for 10 min and intra-orally above the sublingual glands for 5 min, 3 times a week, for 4 consecutive weeks. Each patient's caries risk was assessed according to Cariogram before and after therapy. Caries risk factors were determined from samples of saliva before therapy, two weeks after it commenced, at the end of therapy, and four weeks after the end of therapy. At the end of treatment, the following findings were obtained: In the group irradiated with polarized polychromatic light and in the group irradiated with continuous LED light, the Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus counts decreased and salivary buffering capacity increased (p < 0.05). In the group irradiated with pulsed LED light, Streptococcus mutans counts decreased and unstimulated salivary flow and salivary buffering capacity increased (p < 0.05). In all three experimental groups, caries risk was lower (p < 0.05). In the placebo control group, there were no statistically significant differences between parameters before and after therapy. We concluded that photobiomodulation of major salivary glands in high caries-risk patients can reduce the cariogenic bacteria in saliva and improve some salivary parameters, thus reducing caries risk.
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Amjadi A, Mirmiranpour H, Sobhani SO, Moazami Goudarzi N. Intravenous laser wavelength radiation effect on LCAT, PON1, catalase, and FRAP in diabetic rats. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:131-138. [PMID: 31183584 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02805-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of intravenous irradiation of different low-level laser wavelengths on the activity of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), paraoxonase (PON1), catalase, and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) in diabetic rats. First, diabetes was induced in rats using streptozotocin (STZ). Enzymes' activity was measured in the blood samples and compared before and after intravenous laser blood irradiation. We used four continuous-wave lasers-IR (λ = 808 nm), Red (λ = 638 nm), Green (λ = 532 nm), and Blue (λ = 450 nm)-to compare the wavelength's effect on different enzymes' activity. Laser power was fixed at 0.01 mW and laser energy was changed by 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-min time of radiations.The enzymes' activity of blood samples was measured 2, 6, and 24 h after radiation. The results show an increase in the activity of different enzymes when compare with diabetic non-radiated samples. More importantly, with a constant laser energy, the enzymes' activity increased with decreasing laser wavelength. It is important to note that with a constant laser energy, as the wavelength decreases, the photon energy increases and the number of photons decrease, while the enzyme's activity elevation increases. As a result, we can conclude that in intravenous low-level laser therapy, photon energy is more important than the number of photons even if their product, energy, is kept constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Amjadi
- Laser and Medical Physics Lab, Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Mirmiranpour
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Valiasr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Omid Sobhani
- Laser and Medical Physics Lab, Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Moazami Goudarzi
- Laser and Medical Physics Lab, Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Mirmiranpour H, Shmas Nosrati F, Sobhai SO, Nazifi Takantape S, Amjadi A. Effect of Low-Level Laser Irradiation on the Function of Glycated Catalase. J Lasers Med Sci 2018; 9:212-218. [PMID: 30809334 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2018.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI), by lasers with different wavelengths, on glycated catalase enzyme in vitro experimentally. Methods: This is done by measuring the activity and structure properties of glycated catalase enzyme. The structure properties were evaluated with circular dichroism (CD) and fluoroscopy methods. Three continuous wave (CW) lasers in the visible spectrum (λ =450, 530, 638 nm) and a 100-ns pulsed laser in the infrared spectrum (λ =905 nm) were chosen for comparison. For the infrared laser, same effects have been investigated for different energy doses. The effect of photon energy (hυ) at different wavelengths was measured on activity, CD, and fluoroscopy properties of catalase, and compared with the control group (samples without irradiation). The energy intensity of laser should not exceed 0.1 J/cm2 . Experiments were performed on glycated catalase between 2 to 16 weeks after glycation of catalase. The LLLI effect was also investigated on the samples, by comparing the catalase activity, CD and fluoroscopy for different wavelengths. Results: Our results indicated, the decrease in catalase activity as a function of glycation time (weeks) for all samples, and a slight increase on its activity by different laser wavelengths irradiation for any fixed period of glycation time. Finally, the catalase activity has been increased as the laser's photon energy (hυ) intensified. More specifically, the blue laser (λ =450 nm) had the most and the red laser (λ =638 nm) had the least effect, and the green laser (λ =530 nm) had the medium effect on catalase activity as well. Furthermore, pulsed laser had an additional effect by increasing energy dosage. Conclusion: As we expected in all experiments, an increase in the catalase activity was coincident with a decrease in the catalase fluoroscopy and CD parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mirmiranpour
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Valiasr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shmas Nosrati
- Laser and medical Physics lab, Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Omid Sobhai
- Laser and medical Physics lab, Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Amjadi
- Laser and medical Physics lab, Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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de Castro JR, de Souza EMN, Park YJ, de Campos L, Cha S, Arana-Chavez VE, Nicolau J, Simões A. Low-power laser irradiation decreases lipid droplet accumulation in the parotid glands of diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700179. [PMID: 29112328 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplet accumulation has been related to salivary gland hypofunction in diabetes. In this study, the effect of laser irradiation on the parotid glands (PGs) of diabetic rats was analyzed with regard to its effect on lipid droplet accumulation, intracellular calcium concentration and calmodulin expression. The animals were distributed into 6 groups: D0, D5, D20 and C0, C5, C20, for diabetic (D) and control animals (C), respectively. Twenty-nine days following diabetes induction, PGs of groups D5 and C5; D20 and C20 were irradiated with 5 and 20 J/cm2 of a red diode laser at 100 mW, respectively. After 24 hours, PGs were removed for histological, biochemical, and western blotting analysis. The diabetic animals showed lipid droplet accumulation, which was decreased after irradiation. Ultrastructurally, the droplets were nonmembrane bound and appeared irregularly located in the cytoplasm. Moreover, diabetic animals showed an increased intracellular calcium concentration. In contrast, after laser irradiation a progressive decrease in the concentration of this ion was observed, which would be in agreement with the results found in the increased expression of calmodulin in D20. These data are promising for using laser to decrease lipid droplet accumulation in PGs, however, more studies are necessary to better understand its mechanisms. Micrographs showing decreased lipid accumulation after laser irradiation in light micrographs (LM), and morphology of lipid droplet in transmission electron microscopic (TEM). LM: (A) PGs from nondiabetic rats that did not receive Laser irradiation (LI), (B) PGs from nondiabetic rats that received a dose of 20 J/cm2 , (C) lipid accumulation (arrows) in the secretory cells from diabetic rats that did not receive irradiation, (D) reduction of lipid accumulation in the secretory cells from diabetic rats that received a dose of 20 J/cm2 and TEM: (E) scale bar = 5 μm, (F) scale bar = 1 μm, and (G) scale bar = 0.5 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana R de Castro
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eugen M N de Souza
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yun-Jong Park
- Oral Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Luana de Campos
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Oral Medicine, Brazilian Institute for Cancer Control, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Seunghee Cha
- Oral Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Victor E Arana-Chavez
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Nicolau
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alyne Simões
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fukuoka CY, Simões A, Uchiyama T, Arana-Chavez VE, Abiko Y, Kuboyama N, Bhawal UK. The Effects of Low-Power Laser Irradiation on Inflammation and Apoptosis in Submandibular Glands of Diabetes-Induced Rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169443. [PMID: 28099448 PMCID: PMC5242424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes can lead to dysfunction of the secretory capacity in salivary glands. Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its ligands has been suggested to participate in chronic disorders such as diabetes and its complications. In this study, the expression of RAGE, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and advanced glycation end products (AGE), as well as the effects of low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) in salivary glands of diabetic rats were evaluated, and the mechanisms involved were characterized. The expression of RAGE and HMGB1 at the protein and mRNA levels was observed in submandibular glands (SMGs) of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. A diode laser was applied at 660 nm, 70 mW, 20 J/cm2, 0.56 J/point, with a spot area of 0.028 cm2 and its in vivo effects and the pathways involved were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis were performed for inflammatory and apoptosis markers. Diabetes up-regulates HMGB1/AGE/RAGE axis gene expression in SMGs that is associated with activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Interestingly, LPLI suppresses NF-κB activation induced by inflammation. LPLI also reduces diabetes-induced apoptosis. That effect was accompanied by decreased levels of Bax, and cleaved caspase 3, which were up-regulated in diabetes. Taken together, our data suggest that LPLI reduces diabetes-induced inflammation by reducing the induction of HMGB1, ultimately leading to inhibition of apoptosis in submandibular glands of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Yuki Fukuoka
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, São Paulo University, School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alyne Simões
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, São Paulo University, School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail: (UKB); (AS)
| | - Toshikazu Uchiyama
- Department of Social Dentistry (Medical Informatics), Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Victor Elias Arana-Chavez
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, São Paulo University, School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yoshimitsu Abiko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noboru Kuboyama
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ujjal K. Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail: (UKB); (AS)
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Costa Carvalho JL, de Brito AA, de Oliveira APL, de Castro Faria Neto HC, Pereira TM, de Carvalho RA, Anatriello E, Aimbire F. The chemokines secretion and the oxidative stress are targets of low-level laser therapy in allergic lung inflammation. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1208-1221. [PMID: 27649282 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies show that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has an important anti-inflammatory action in acute lung inflammation. The present work explored if laser therapy is able to antagonize eosinophils and allergic inflammation induced by oxidative stress in Balb/c mice. Forty-eight hours after challenge, the leukocyte counting, ROS and nitrite/nitrate level, RANTES, CCL3, CCL8 as well as eotaxins were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of laser-treated mice or not. Into the lung, some chemokines receptors, the iNOS activity and mRNA expression, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, gluthatione, NADPH oxidase activities and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (T-Bars) were measured. Laser-treated allergic mice presented reduction of both the ICAM-1 and eosinophil in the lungs. RANTES, CCL8, CCL3 and eotaxins were reduced in BALF of laser-treated allergic mice. In allergic mice lung LLLT decreased the CCR1 and CCR3 and restored the oxidative stress balance as well. Laser decreased the lipidic peroxidation in allergic mice lung as much as increased SOD, GPx and GR. It shows that LLLT on allergic lung inflammation involves leukocyte-attractant chemokines and endogenous antioxidant. Based on results, LLLT may ultimately become a non- invasive option in allergic lung disease treatment. The top figure illustrates the laser decreasing the eosinophils migration into BALF and the bottom figure shows the laser upregulating the expression of heme-oxygenase (anti-oxidant enzyme) in lung tissue anti-oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Luis Costa Carvalho
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Talim, 330 - Vila Nair, PO Box 12231-280, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Auriléia Aparecida de Brito
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology-LABPEI, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Martini Pereira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology-LABPEI, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Regiane Albertini de Carvalho
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Talim, 330 - Vila Nair, PO Box 12231-280, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elen Anatriello
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Talim, 330 - Vila Nair, PO Box 12231-280, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Aimbire
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Talim, 330 - Vila Nair, PO Box 12231-280, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Fukuoka CY, Torres Schröter G, Nicolau J, Simões A. Low-power laser irradiation in salivary glands reduces glycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic female rats. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1246-1254. [PMID: 27714950 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) has been extensively employed to modulate inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Previous reports from our group indicated that LPLI might regulate glycemia in diabetic animals. Diabetes results in chronic hyperglycemia and therefore chronic inflammation by upregulation of inflammatory markers such as the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein. Thus this study aimed to analyze the LPLI effects upon blood glucose levels, plasma insulin and HMGB1 concentrations in a diabetes experimental rat model. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were irradiated in the salivary glands area with a diode laser applied at 660 nm, 70 mW, 20 J/cm2 , 22.4 J, with a spot area of 0.028 cm2 and its effects were evaluated. LPLI significantly reduced diabetic rat hyperglycemia, without changing insulin or HMGB1 plasma levels, but possibly by ameliorating the insulin resistance in these animals. These findings suggest that LPLI might have a systemic effect, but more studies are necessary to better understand its mechanisms. Fasting blood glucose measured by peroxidase-glucose oxidase (PGO) method (A), showing a reduction of diabetic animals glycemia after LPLI. LPLI probably reduced the hyperglycemia in diabetes by improving the insulin resistance in these animals (B). C n = 10, CL n = 10, D n = 7 and DL n = 8. Data are expressed as mean ± SD; * P < 0.05 vs. respective control group; # P < 0.05 vs. D group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Yuki Fukuoka
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Torres Schröter
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - José Nicolau
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Alyne Simões
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
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15
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Cruz ÉDPD, Campos L, Pereira FDS, Magliano GC, Benites BM, Arana-Chavez VE, Ballester RY, Simões A. Clinical, biochemical and histological study of the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on oral mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in hamsters. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:298-309. [PMID: 25612464 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is a debilitating side effect of chemotherapy, which can be relieved by phototherapy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may be used for the treatment of OM, when infection is present. However, there are no studies showing that aPDT affects tissue repair process when used in the treatment of lesions caused by OM. This work aims to evaluate the effect of aPDT in healing OM induced by 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Two hundred forty-five hamsters were divided into two groups, control (C) and experimental, which were subdivided into 4 subgroups (Ch, ChP, ChL, aPDT). C group received only the vehicle of chemotherapy and anesthesia, whereas all animals of the experimental groups received anesthesia and chemotherapy agent 5-FU to induce OM. Ch group received no OM treatment; ChP group received an application of methylene blue (MB) 0.01%; ChL received irradiation with low-power-laser (LPL-660 nm/120 J /cm(2)/40 mW/4.4 J per point); and aPDT received MB and LPL irradiation. OM Clinical severity were daily assessed by a blinded examiner. The animals were sacrificed after 5, 7 and 10 days of experiment and their oral mucosa were removed for biochemical (enzymatic activity of SOD and catalase) and histological analyzes (light microscopy). After statistical analysis was performed, results showed that aPDT reduced the severity of OM on the tenth day of the experiment, when compared to the initial OM score (p < 0.05), as well as increased keratinization with organized collagen deposition in the lamina propria. In conclusion, aPDT can be safely used in animals with infected OM because it does not affect lesion-repairing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érika de Paula da Cruz
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luana Campos
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Filipi da Silva Pereira
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Campos Magliano
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bernar Monteiro Benites
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Victor Elias Arana-Chavez
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Yagüe Ballester
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Division of Dental Materials, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Alyne Simões
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Ibuki FK, Simões A, Nicolau J, Nogueira FN. Laser irradiation affects enzymatic antioxidant system of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:911-8. [PMID: 22869159 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of low-power laser irradiation in the antioxidant enzymatic system of submandibular (SMG) and parotid (PG) salivary glands of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The animals were randomly divided into six groups: three diabetic groups (D0, D5, and D20) and three non-diabetic groups (C0, C5, and C20), according to laser dose received (0, 5, and 20 J/cm(2), respectively). Areas of approximately 1 cm(2) were demarcated in the salivary glands (each parotid and both submandibular glands) and after irradiated according to Simões et.al. (Lasers Med Sci 24:202-208, 2009). A diode laser (660 nm/100 mW) was used, with laser beam spot of 0.0177 cm(2). The group treated with 5 J/cm(2) laser dose was subjected to irradiation for 1 min and 4 s (total irradiation time) and the group treated with 20 J/cm(2) laser dose was subjected to irradiation for 4 min and 16 s. Twenty-four hours after irradiation the animals were euthanized and the salivary glands were removed for biochemical analysis. The total antioxidant values (TA), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase enzymes were determined. SOD and CAT activities, as well as TA were higher in SMG of irradiated diabetic rats. However, in SMG of non-diabetic rats, laser irradiation decreased TA values and led to an increase in the CAT activity. In addition, there was a decrease in the activity of CAT in PG of diabetic and non-diabetic animals after laser irradiation. According to the results of the present study, low-power laser irradiation can affect the enzymatic antioxidant system of salivary glands of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Kazue Ibuki
- Departamento de Biomateriais e Biologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, 05508-000
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Deconte SR, Oliveira RJDS, Calábria LK, Oliveira VND, Gouveia NMD, Moraes ADS, Espindola FS. Alterations of antioxidant biomarkers and type I collagen deposition in the parotid gland of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:744-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Park JJ, Kang KL. Effect of 980-nm GaAlAs diode laser irradiation on healing of extraction sockets in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: a pilot study. Lasers Med Sci 2011; 27:223-30. [PMID: 21732114 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-011-0944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Low-level laser irradiation can promote the healing process in soft and hard tissue but the precise mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of LLLT (low-level laser therapy) on the healing of extraction sockets in diabetic and healthy rats. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal (n = 24) and diabetic (n = 24) rats, and streptozotocin (STZ) injection was used to induce diabetes in the latter. The left and right maxillary first molars of all the rats were extracted. In the non-diabetic rats, the left extraction sockets were not irradiated (group 1) and the right ones were irradiated daily for 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after extraction with a galium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser (group 2), and in the diabetic rats, similarly the left ones were not irradiated (group 3) and the right ones were irradiated (group 4). Specimens acquired at these intervals were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Histological observations and gene expression analyses revealed that groups 2 (normal rats with LLLT) and 4 (diabetic rats with LLLT) showed faster initial healing and more new alveolar bone formation than group 1 (normal rats without LLLT) and group 3 (diabetic rats without LLLT), respectively. We conclude that 980-nm GaAlAs low-intensity diode laser irradiation is beneficial for the initial stages of alveolar bone healing and for further calcification in both diabetic and normal rats when applied every day at a dose of 13.95 J/cm(2) for 60 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ju Park
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Lončar B, Mravak Stipetić M, Baričević M, Risović D. The Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Salivary Glands in Patients with Xerostomia. Photomed Laser Surg 2011; 29:171-5. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2010.2792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Božana Lončar
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Marinka Baričević
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravko Risović
- Molecular Physics Laboratory, Institute Rudjer Bošković, Zagreb, Croatia
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20
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Ibuki FK, Simões A, Nogueira FN. Antioxidant enzymatic defense in salivary glands of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: a temporal study. Cell Biochem Funct 2010; 28:503-8. [PMID: 20669150 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia induces overproduction of superoxide and it is related to diabetic complications. In this study, we analyzed the antioxidant enzymatic defense and the lipid peroxidation of rat salivary glands in six different periods of diabetic condition. Ninety-six rats were divided into 12 groups: C7/14/21/28/45/60 (non-diabetic animals) and D7/14/21/28/45/60 (diabetic animals). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin and the rats were euthanized after 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, or 60 days. Their parotid (PA) and submandibular (SM) glands were removed soon after the sacrifice and the total protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, as well as, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined. Twenty-one days after the diabetes induction, the SM glands showed an increase in SOD, CAT, and GPx activities, as well as, MDA concentration. Concerning the PA glands, an increase in the CAT activity and MDA content was observed throughout the observation period. The results suggest that diabetes can cause alterations on the salivary glands and that PA and SM glands react differently when exposed to diabetes condition. However, no impairment of antioxidant system was observed in the group whose diabetic condition had been induced 60 days earlier, herein named 60-day group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Kazue Ibuki
- Centro de Pesquisa em Biologia Oral, Departamento de Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Simões A, de Oliveira E, Campos L, Nicolau J. Ionic and histological studies of salivary glands in rats with diabetes and their glycemic state after laser irradiation. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 27:877-83. [PMID: 19715430 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2008.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of laser irradiation (LI) on the glycemic state and the histological and ionic parameters of the parotid and submandibular glands in rats with diabetes. METHODS One hundred twenty female rats were divided into eight groups. Diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin and confirmed later according to results of glycemia testing. Twenty-nine days after the induction, the parotid and submandibular glands of the rats were irradiated with 5, 10, and 20 J/cm2 using a laser diode (660 nm/100 mW) (without diabetes: C5, C10, and C20; with diabetes: D5, D10, and D20, respectively). On the following day, the rats were euthanized, and blood glucose determined. Histological and ionic analyses were performed. RESULTS Rats with diabetes without irradiation (D0) showed lipid droplets accumulation in the parotid gland, but accumulation decreased after 5, 10, and 20 J/cm2 of laser irradiation. A decrease in fasting glycemia level from 358.97+/-56.70 to 278.33+/-87.98 mg/dL for D5 and from 409.50+/-124.41 to 231.80+/-120.18 mg/dL for D20 (p<0.05) was also observed. CONCLUSION LI should be explored as an auxiliary therapy for control of complications of diabetes because it can alter the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of rats with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyne Simões
- Dental Materials Department, Oral Biology Research Center, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Nicolau J, De Souza DN, Simões A. Alteration of Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in the homogenate, plasma membrane and microsomes of the salivary glands of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2009; 27:128-34. [PMID: 19274685 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes has been implicated in the dryness of the mouth, loss of taste sensation, sialosis, and other disorders of the oral cavity, by impairment of the salivary glands. The aim of the present study was to examine the plasma membrane, microsomal, and homogenate Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in the rat submandibular and parotid salivary glands of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We have also examined the influence of the acidosis state on this parameter. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and acidosis was induced by daily injection of NH(4)Cl. At 15 and 30 days after diabetes induction, the animals were euthanized and the submandibular and parotid salivary glands were removed and analyzed. Ca(2+)-ATPase (total, independent, and dependent) was determined in the homogenate, microsomal, and plasma membranes of the salivary glands of diabetic and control rats. Calcium concentration was also determined in the glands and showed to be higher in the diabetic animals. Ca(2+)-ATPase activity was found to be reduced in all cell fractions studied in the diabetic animals compared with control. Similar results were obtained for the submandibular salivary glands of acidotic animals; however in the parotid salivary glands it was found an increase in the enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Nicolau
- Oral Biology Research Center, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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