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Mineroff J, Maghfour J, Ozog DM, Lim HW, Kohli I, Jagdeo J. Photobiomodulation CME part II: Clinical applications in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024:S0190-9622(24)00187-7. [PMID: 38307144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an emerging treatment modality in dermatology with increasing office and home-based use. PBM is the use of various light sources in the red light (620-700 nm) and near-infrared (700-1440 nm) spectrum as a form of light therapy. PBM is often administered through low-level lasers or light-emitting diodes. Studies show that PBM can be used effectively to treat conditions secondary to cancer therapies, alopecia, ulcers, herpes simplex virus, acne, skin rejuvenation, wounds, and scars. PBM offers patients many benefits compared to other treatments. It is noninvasive, cost-effective, convenient for patients, and offers a favorable safety profile. PBM can be used as an alternative or adjuvant to other treatment modalities including pharmacotherapy. It is important for dermatologists to gain a better clinical understanding of PBM for in-office administration and to counsel patients on proper application for home-use devices to best manage safety and expectations as this technology develops. PBM wavelengths can induce varied biological effects in diverse skin types, races, and ethnicities; therefore, it is also important for dermatologists to properly counsel their skin of color patients who undergo PBM treatments. Future clinical trials are necessary to produce standardized recommendations across conditions and skin types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mineroff
- Department of Dermatology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Jalal Maghfour
- The Henry W. Lim, MD, Division of Photobiology and Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan
| | - David M Ozog
- The Henry W. Lim, MD, Division of Photobiology and Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan; College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Henry W Lim
- The Henry W. Lim, MD, Division of Photobiology and Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan; College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Indermeet Kohli
- The Henry W. Lim, MD, Division of Photobiology and Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York.
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2
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Baracho VDS, Silva NCD, Peixoto MFD, Sampaio KH, Cordeiro CAF, Lucas TC. LED phototherapy in tissue repair of chronic wounds in people with diabetes: a systematic review. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2023; 44:e20220274. [PMID: 37585961 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2023.20220274.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify scientific evidence of LED photobiomodulation in the treatment and tissue repair of chronic wounds in people with Diabetes Mellitus, types I and II. METHOD Systematic review conducted from September/2021 to April/2022 in PubMed, LILACS, SCIELO, COHRANE, EMBASE and Web of Science. Randomized and observational clinical trials using LED in wound healing in diabetics, published between 2015 and 2022 were included. Data were descriptively analyzed with title/abstract screening, full text articles reading and definitive selection after meeting the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Fromthe total of 840 references, eight articles were selected, that evaluated the effectiveness of LED phototherapy in wounds of diabetic patients. CONCLUSION LED light proved to be beneficial in tissue repair, with increased production in collagen and fibroblasts, angiogenesis, reduction of inflammation and, consequently, a decrease in lesion size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria da Silva Baracho
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Natália Cristina da Silva
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Marco Fabrício Dias Peixoto
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Kinulpe Honorato Sampaio
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Aparecida Fernandes Cordeiro
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Thabata Coaglio Lucas
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Enfermagem. Diamantina, Minas Gerais , Brasil
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3
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Tong KP, Intine R, Wu S. Vitamin C and the management of diabetic foot ulcers: a literature review. J Wound Care 2022; 31:S33-S44. [PMID: 36113854 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.sup9.s33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lifetime risk of developing a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in people with diabetes is as high as 25%. A trio of factors constitute the diabetic foot syndrome that characterises DFUs, including neuropathy, vascular disease and infections. Vitamin C has important functions in the nervous, cardiovascular, and immune systems that are implicated in DFU development. Furthermore, vitamin C deficiency has been observed in individuals with DFUs, suggesting an important function of vitamin C in DFU management and treatment. Therefore, this literature review evaluates the role of vitamin C in the nervous, cardiovascular and immune systems in relation to wound healing and DFUs, as well as discussing vitamin C's lesser known role in depression, a condition that affects many individuals with a DFU. METHOD A literature search was done using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects, and NIH Clinical Center. Search terms included 'diabetic foot ulcer,' 'diabetic foot,' 'vitamin C,' and 'ascorbic acid.' RESULTS Of the 71 studies initially identified, seven studies met the inclusion criteria, and only three were human clinical trials. Overall, the literature on this subject is limited, with mainly observational and animal studies, and few human clinical trials. CONCLUSION There is a need for additional human clinical trials on vitamin C supplementation in individuals with a DFU to fill the knowledge gap and guide clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Phuong Tong
- Dr William M Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Illinois, US
| | - Robert Intine
- School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, College of Health Professions, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Illinois, US
| | - Stephanie Wu
- Dr William M Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Illinois, US
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4
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Efficacy of Photobiomodulation in Reducing Symptomatology and Improving the Quality of Life in Patients with Xerostomia and Hyposalivation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123414. [PMID: 35743485 PMCID: PMC9225194 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment in patients with xerostomia and hyposalivation and assess their quality of life over a one year of follow-up. Material and methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. A total of 60 patients with xerostomia were included (30 PBM cases and 30 placebo controls). Photobiomodulation was performed with a diode laser (810 nm, 6 J/cm2), while the controls underwent simulated treatment. One weekly session was carried out for a total of 6 weeks (total six sessions). The study parameters were recorded at baseline, after three and six weeks, and at one year post-treatment. Xerostomia was assessed using a salivary flow visual analog scale (VAS) and the Xerostomia Inventory (XI). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were also administered. Results: The patients subjected to PBM therapy showed a significant improvement of xerostomia based on the drainage test, and of oral quality of life (p < 0.001). The depression score of the HAD (HAD-D) and the ESS showed improvement, though without reaching statistical significance (p > 0.05). The placebo group showed significant changes in the xerostomia VAS score at 6 weeks (p = 0.009), with no variations in any of the other studied parameters (p > 0.05). The beneficial effects of the diode laser in the PBM group persisted at one year post-treatment. Conclusions: Photobiomodulation with the diode laser is effective in patients with xerostomia and hyposalivation, and thus should be taken into account as a treatment option.
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Adnan A, Yaroslavsky AN, Carroll JD, Selting W, Juliano AF, London WB, Sonis ST, Duncan CN, Treister NS. The Path to an Evidence-Based Treatment Protocol for Extraoral Photobiomodulation Therapy for the Prevention of Oral Mucositis. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:689386. [PMID: 35048034 PMCID: PMC8757848 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.689386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis is a painful complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for which photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a safe and effective intervention. Extraoral delivery of PBMT has clinical advantages over intraoral delivery but requires additional dosimetric considerations due to the external tissue layers through which the light must propagate before reaching the oral mucosa. Additionally, to date there has been no dose modeling study, a task essential to developing a justified treatment protocol. We review here some of the complexities surrounding extraoral photobiomodulation therapy and offer that may help guide researchers toward an evidence-based treatment protocol for the prevention of oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ather Adnan
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anna N Yaroslavsky
- Advanced Biophotonics Laboratory, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Wayne Selting
- Department of Surgical Science and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Amy F Juliano
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wendy B London
- Department of Pediatrics, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephen T Sonis
- Department of Surgery, Divisions of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Biomodels LLC., Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Christine N Duncan
- Department of Pediatrics, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nathaniel S Treister
- Department of Surgery, Divisions of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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6
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Cai W, Hamushan M, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Ren Z, Du J, Ju J, Cheng P, Tan M, Han P. Synergistic Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy with Combined Wavelength on Diabetic Wound Healing In Vitro and In Vivo. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:13-24. [PMID: 34941461 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The difficulty in chronic diabetic wound healing remains the focus of clinical research. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with different wavelengths could exert different effects on wound healing, but the effects of combined red and blue light (BL) remained unclear. Methods: Diabetic rat wound model and diabetic wounded endothelial cell model were established to observe possible effects of PBMT using combined wavelengths for wound healing. Cells and animals were separated into four groups exposed to red and/or BL. Cell viability, apoptosis, and migration, as well as the expression level of nitric oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured in vitro. Diabetic rats were evaluated for wound closure rates, collagen deposition, inflammation intensity, and density of neovascularization after light irradiation. Results: PBMT using combined wavelengths significantly sped up the healing process with increasing angiogenesis density, collagen deposition, and alleviating inflammation in vivo. Moreover, combined wavelength irradiation promoted cell proliferation and migration, and NO production, as well as reduced reactive oxygen species and inflammation in vitro. Conclusions: PBMT using combined wavelengths performed a synergistic effect for promoting diabetic wound healing and would be helpful to explore a more efficient pattern toward chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Cai
- Orthopedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Musha Hamushan
- Orthopedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Orthopedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyu Xu
- Orthopedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zun Ren
- Orthopedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiafei Du
- Orthopedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Ju
- College of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Cheng
- Orthopedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Moyan Tan
- College of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Han
- Orthopedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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7
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Mármora BC, Brochado FT, Schmidt TR, Santos LG, Araújo AAD, Medeiros CACXD, Ribeiro SB, Martins MAT, Pilar EFS, Wagner VP, Martins MD. Defocused high-power diode laser accelerates skin repair in a murine model through REDOX state modulation and reepithelization and collagen deposition stimulation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 225:112332. [PMID: 34653929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Skin wounds represent a burden in healthcare. Our aim was to investigate for the first time the effects of defocused high-power diode laser (DHPL) on skin healing in an animal experimental model and compare it with gold standard low-level laser therapy. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: Negative control; Sham; 0.1 W laser (L0.1 W); DHPL Dual 1 W (DHPLD1 W); and DHPL Dual 2 W (DHPLD2 W). Rats were euthanized on days 3, 5, 10, 14 and 21. Clinical, morphological, PicroSirus, oxidative stress (MDA, SOD and GSH) and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10 and TNF-α) analyses were performed. A faster clinical repair was observed in all laser groups at D10 and D14. DHPLD1 W exhibited lower inflammation and better reepithelization compared to other groups at D10. DHPL protocols modulated oxidative stress by decreasing MDA and increasing SOD and GSH. Collagen maturation was triggered by all protocols tested and L0.1 W modulated cytokines release (IL-1β and TNF-α) at D3. In conclusion, DHPL, especially DHPL1 W protocol, accelerated skin healing by triggering reepithelization and collagen maturation and modulating inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belkiss Câmara Mármora
- Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Thomé Brochado
- Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tuany Rafaelli Schmidt
- Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gonçalves Santos
- Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Post-Graduation Program Oral Science, Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Postgraduate Program in Biological Science and Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Renorbio, Federal University of Rio Grande Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Susana Barbosa Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Science and Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Renorbio, Federal University of Rio Grande Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Trevizani Martins
- Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Emily Ferreira Salles Pilar
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
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8
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Calin MA, Macovei A, Savastru R, Nica AS, Parasca SV. New evidence from hyperspectral imaging analysis on the effect of photobiomodulation therapy on normal skin oxygenation. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1539-1547. [PMID: 34436694 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03397-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the changes induced by photobiomodulation therapy in oxygenation of normal skin and underlying tissue using hyperspectral imaging combined with a chemometric regression approach. Eleven healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in this study. The dorsal side of the left hand of each subject was exposed to photobiomodulation therapy, while the correspondent side of the right hand was used as a control (placebo effect). Laser irradiation was performed with a laser diode system (635 nm, 15mW, 9 J/cm2) for 900 s. Changes in skin oxygenation were assessed before and after applying the photobiomodulation therapy and placebo using the hyperspectral imaging. Hyperspectral data analysis showed that variations of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations had no statistical significance in both groups. In conclusion, photobiomodulation therapy does not induce changes in oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations in the normal skin measured from hyperspectral images, at least at λ = 635 nm and 900-s exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Antonina Calin
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG5, 077125, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania.
| | - Adrian Macovei
- Gen. Dr. Aviator Victor Anastasiu National Institute of Aeronautical and Space Medicine, 88 Mircea Vulcanescu Street, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Savastru
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG5, 077125, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Adriana Sarah Nica
- Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Clinique III, 11th Ion Mihalache Street, Bucharest, Romania.,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Viorel Parasca
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Bucharest, Romania.,Emergency Clinical Hospital for Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery and Burns, 218 Grivitei Street, Bucharest, Romania
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9
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Golež A, Frangež I, Cankar K, Frangež HB, Ovsenik M, Nemeth L. Effects of low-level light therapy on xerostomia related to hyposalivation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:745-758. [PMID: 34409539 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyposalivation is a condition represented by a reduced salivary flow and may include symptoms such as mouth dryness (xerostomia), loss of taste, pain, dysphagia, and dysphonia, all of which greatly affect an individual's quality of life.The aim of the present study was to systematically review the effects of low-level light therapy irradiation (photobiomodulation) on salivary gland function in patients with hyposalivation.The main question of the systematic review was: "Does low-level light irradiation therapy of the salivary glands affect salivary flow rate or indicators of salivary function (ion and protein concentrations) in patients with xerostomia or hyposalivation?" The question was based on the PICO (participant, intervention, control, outcome) principle and followed the PRISMA guidelines. Databases were explored and papers published between the years 1997 and 2020 were reviewed for the following Mesh-term keywords and their corresponding entry terms in different combinations: "Low-level light therapy," "Xerostomia," "Saliva," "Salivary glands," "Salivation."The initial sample consisted of 220 articles. Of those, 47 articles were used for full-text analysis and 18 were used for a systematic review, 14 were used in meta-analysis. According to their individual quality, most articles were classified as high quality of evidence according to the GRADE score. Meta-analysis of the evidence observed increase of unstimulated salivary flow 0.51 SMD compared to placebo (95% CI: 0.16-0.86), I2 = 50%, p = 0.005.The findings of our review revealed evidence of a beneficial effect of photobiomodulation therapy on salivary gland function. The therapy alleviates xerostomia and hyposalivation. However, these effects are reported short term only and did not induce lasting effects of photobiomodulation therapy on patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljaž Golež
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Frangež
- Department for Surgical Infections, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 7, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Cankar
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Ban Frangež
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slajmerjeva 3, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slajmerjeva 3, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Ovsenik
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lidija Nemeth
- Department of Dental Diseases and Normal Dental Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Division of Stomatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Stomatoloska klinika, Hrvatski trg 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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10
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Fluorescent Light Energy and Chronic Lesions: A Winning Association. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2021; 9:e3667. [PMID: 34277317 PMCID: PMC8277272 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Chronic ulcers represent a challenge for healthcare professionals and a large expense for national health care systems for their difficulty in achieving complete healing and for their high incidence of recurrence. With the progressive aging of the general population, the incidence of these injuries will only increase, further affecting the public health budget, hence the need to find new strategies for their management. The purpose of this study was to share the experience of the Complex Operational Unit of Plastic Surgery of the University Hospital of Padua with fluorescent light energy therapy, outlining its role in the treatment of chronic ulcers in the daily use outside the previous EUREKA study. Methods: In this case series study, we enrolled 15 patients with chronic ulcers of any etiology between January 2018 and July 2019 and we treated them using fluorescence light energy. We evaluated efficacy and safety endpoints reporting data in excel files completed by medical staff during the study. Results: The study confirms the effectiveness of fluorescent light energy inducing chronic ulcer healing, regardless of etiology, or at least preparing the lesions for a skin graft closure surgery. The system showed a low rate of complications established by patient adherence to treatment. Patients also reported a reduction in pain both at home and during outpatient dressings. Conclusion: Based on our experience, fluorescent light energy shows an excellent safety and efficacy profile in chronic ulcers no more responsive to traditional dressings and/or surgery.
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11
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Fuchs C, Schenk MS, Pham L, Cui L, Anderson RR, Tam J. Photobiomodulation Response From 660 nm is Different and More Durable Than That From 980 nm. Lasers Surg Med 2021; 53:1279-1293. [PMID: 33998008 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy uses light at various wavelengths to stimulate wound healing, grow hair, relieve pain, and more-but there is no consensus about optimal wavelengths or dosimetry. PBM therapy works through putative, wavelength-dependent mechanisms including direct stimulation of mitochondrial respiration, and/or activation of transmembrane signaling channels by changes in water activity. A common wavelength used in the visible red spectrum is ~660 nm, whereas recently ~980 nm is being explored and both have been proposed to work via different mechanisms. We aimed to gain more insight into identifying treatment parameters and the putative mechanisms involved. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Fluence-response curves were measured in cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts exposed to 660 or 980 nm from LED sources. Metabolic activity was assessed using the MTT assay for reductases. ATP production, a major event triggered by PBM therapy, was assessed using a luminescence assay. To measure the role of mitochondria, we used an ELISA to measure COX-1 and SDH-A protein levels. The respective contributions of cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase to the PBM effects were gauged using specific inhibitors. RESULTS Keratinocytes and fibroblasts responded differently to exposures at 660 nm (red) and 980 nm (NIR). Although 980 nm required much lower fluence for cell stimulation, the resulting increase in ATP levels was short-term, whereas 660 nm stimulation elevated ATP levels for at least 24 hours. COX-1 protein levels were increased following 660 nm treatment but were unaffected by 980 nm. In fibroblasts, SDH-A levels were affected by both wavelengths, whereas in keratinocytes only 660 nm light impacted SDH-A levels. Inhibition of ATP synthase nearly completely abolished the effects of both wavelengths on ATP synthesis. Interestingly, inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase did not prevent the rise in ATP levels in response to PBM treatment. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of differing kinetics in response to PBM therapy at red versus NIR wavelength. We also found cell-type-specific differences in PBM therapy response to the two wavelengths studied. These findings confirm that different response pathways are involved after 660 and 980 nm exposures and suggest that 660 nm causes a more durable response. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Fuchs
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Merle Sophie Schenk
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Linh Pham
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Lian Cui
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Richard Rox Anderson
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Joshua Tam
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
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Abdelhalim NM, Abdelbasset WK, Alqahtani BA, Samhan AF. Low-Level Laser Therapy for Diabetic Dermopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 11:481-485. [PMID: 33425301 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic dermopathy (DD) is the most common cutaneous diabetes marker. Few studies have targeted DD using low-level laser therapy (LLLT). This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of LLLT on DD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: 12 patients with T2D (9 men, 3 women) and bilateral DD were enrolled in this placebo controlled pilot study, and their ages ranged 50-65 years. One side was subjected to LLLT, three sessions weekly for one month (LLLT side), while the other side received the same treatment protocol with a laser device switched off as a placebo (placebo side). All patients were instructed to receive skincare for both sides, such as debridement, antibiotic creams, and dressings with betadine solution. The diameter of DD lesion and the cutaneous blood flow of the knees and ankles sites were assessed before and after one month at the end of the intervention. Results: At the baseline, no significant differences existed between LLLT and placebo sides in the DD and skin blood flow at the knee and ankle sites (P >0.05). Post-intervention, a significant improvement occurred in DD diameter and the skin blood flow of the knee and ankle sites in the LLLT side (P <0.05), while the placebo side showed a significant improvement only in DD diameter (P <0.05) and non-significant changes in skin blood flow (P >0.05). Comparing both sides, all measures significantly favored LLLT. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that LLLT has beneficial effects on decreasing DD in T2D patients. Also, it was approved that the short term of LLLT is a safe modality to control DD in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen Mohamed Abdelhalim
- Department of Physical Therapy, New Kasr El Aini Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.,Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bader Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Fathy Samhan
- Department of Physical Therapy, New Kasr El Aini Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.,Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Effect of 660/850 nm LED on the microcirculation of the foot: neurovascular biphasic reflex. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1883-1889. [PMID: 33398615 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phototherapy (LED) can be used to stimulate the healing of chronic ulcers of the lower limb, as it affects healing cells and neurons. In this way, this study has sought to know if the heat stimulus of the 660-/850-nm contact LED is sufficient to trigger the response in the peripheral sympathetic nervous system of normal volunteers. The LED was applied on the right foot of forty-two normal volunteers followed by serial infrared images. After the stimulus, a biphasic hyperthermia curve was observed synchronously in both feet, in the right and left halluxes, while hyperthermia was attributed to the redistribution of postural blood flow in the plantar region, which may indicate independent neurovascular mechanisms. Thus, periodic thermographic analysis can be used in the evolution of the LED treatment.
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Dos Santos Mendes-Costa L, de Lima VG, Barbosa MPR, Dos Santos LE, de Siqueira Rodrigues Fleury Rosa S, Tatmatsu-Rocha JC. Photobiomodulation: systematic review and meta-analysis of the most used parameters in the resolution diabetic foot ulcers. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:1129-1138. [PMID: 33190161 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03192-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The most common photobiomodulation parameters used to aid in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers were investigated in this paper. The databases MEDLINE, LILACS, MEDCARIB, PAHO-IRIS, and WHOLIS were searched with the following descriptors: diabetic foot ulcers AND low-level laser therapy OR low-level therapy AND wound healing; this search was conducted from January of 2014 to December of 2019. Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials on humans. Exclusion criteria were systematic reviews, literature reviews, studies with animals, studies lacking photobiomodulation parameters, and studies with non-diabetic individuals. The Jadad scale was used in order to analyze the methodological quality of the matching papers. There were seventeen studies found on PubMed and four on LILACS. Among these, seven were selected, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two out of the seven matching studies obtained a high score, and five obtained a low score, on the Jadad scale. The studies settled on the use of 600-nm and 800-nm wavelength spectrum. Most of the analyzed papers on photobiomodulation on diabetic foot ulcers did not describe the detailed parameters in their methodology. None of the studies featured the maximum score with regard to the Jadad scale for methodological quality. The relations of energy versus wavelength and power versus wavelength were divergent among the parameters on the papers. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the parameters for an optimized power value in order to improve the results of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Dos Santos Mendes-Costa
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiotherapy Department, Center for Research and Technological Innovation on Human Rehabilitation, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-540, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Garcia de Lima
- Center for Health Sciences, Physiotherapy Department, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Ribeiro Barbosa
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiotherapy Department, Center for Research and Technological Innovation on Human Rehabilitation, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-540, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Carlos Tatmatsu-Rocha
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiotherapy Department, Center for Research and Technological Innovation on Human Rehabilitation, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-540, Brazil. .,Post-Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
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15
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Finžgar M, Frangež HB, Cankar K, Frangež I. Transcutaneous application of the gaseous CO 2 for improvement of the microvascular function in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Microvasc Res 2020; 133:104100. [PMID: 33181169 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microvascular function is impaired in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and is involved in numerous DM complications. Several microvascular-supporting interventions have been proposed of which the transcutaneous application of gaseous CO2 (hereinafter CO2 therapy) is one of the most promising. The aim of present study was to determine the effect of repeated CO2 therapies on the cutaneous microvascular function in DM patients with diabetic foot ulcers. METHODOLOGY A total of 42 subjects with at least one chronic diabetic foot ulcer were enrolled in the study. They were divided into the experimental group (21 subjects aged 64.6 ± 11.6 years) that underwent 4-week-long treatment with transcutaneous application of gaseous CO2 (hereinafter CO2 therapies), and the placebo group (21 subjects aged 65.0 ± 10.7 years) that underwent 4-week-long placebo treatment with transcutaneous application of air. Before the first and after the last treatment in both groups, laser Doppler (LD) flux in foot cutaneous microcirculation, heart rate, and arterial blood pressure measurements were carried out during rest and local thermal hyperaemia (LTH) provocation test. RESULTS In the experimental group the following statistically significant changes were observed after the completed treatment 1) increased mean relative powers of LD flux signals during rest in the frequency bands related to NO-independent endothelial (0.07 ± 0.055 vs. 0.048 ± 0.059, p = 0.0058), NO-mediated endothelial (0.154 ± 0.101 vs. 0.113 ± 0.108, p = 0.015), and neurogenic (0.17 ± 0.107 vs. 0.136 ± 0.098, p = 0.018) activity; 2) decreased resting LD flux (35 ± 29 PU vs. 52 ± 56 PU; p = 0.038); and 3) increased peak LD flux as a function of baseline during LTH (482 ± 474%BL vs. 287 ± 262%BL, p = 0.036); there were no statistically significant changes observed in the placebo group. No systemic effects were observed in none of the two groups by means of mean values of heart rate and arterial blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Repeated CO2 therapies improves the microvasular function in DM patients without any systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miha Finžgar
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva c. 6, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Ban Frangež
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Šlajmerjeva ul. 3, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Cankar
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška c. 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Frangež
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Surgical Infections, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška c. 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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17
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de Jesus Guirro RR, de Carvalho G, Gobbi A, de Oliveira Assunção FF, de Souza Borges NC, Bachmann L. Measurement of Physical Parameters and Development of a Light Emitting Diodes Device for Therapeutic Use. J Med Syst 2020; 44:88. [DOI: 10.1007/s10916-020-01557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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18
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Shen D, Wei J, Chen L, Shen X, Wang L. Besides Photothermal Effects, Low-Level CO 2 Laser Irradiation Can Potentiate Skin Microcirculation Through Photobiomodulation Mechanisms. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 37:151-158. [PMID: 31050951 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: Improvement of microcirculation is one of the important mechanisms of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to treat some diseases such as wound healing. Most previous studies have been carried out with multiple lasers other than the 10,600-nm CO2 laser. Recently, the CO2 laser has been used not only as a tool for excision of soft tissues but also for therapeutic applications. Objective: To study whether low-level CO2 laser irradiation can influence microcirculation and further explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Seventy-milliwatt (70-mW) CO2 lasers irradiated the forearms of 12 participants and skin blood perfusion (SkBP) was measured with a laser speckle imager. The thermal effect of irradiation was evaluated by measuring the irradiated skin in vivo and the exposed cell suspensions in vitro. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) of the human mast cell line (HMC-1) is assessed by luciferin-luciferase assay to explore the potential mechanisms. Results: Irradiation caused dose-dependent increase in SkBP. At a medium dose of 262 J/cm2, SkBP reached its maximum value at 195.8% ± 18.6% of the baseline (n = 12, p < 0.01). Such laser irradiation had a mild thermal effect, heating local skin temperature (SkT) by 6.1°C ± 0.3°C (n = 10) and warming cell suspensions by 4.5°C ± 0.8°C (n = 6). Irradiation dose-dependently lowered eATP levels of HMC-1 cells in vitro. At a medium dose of 262 J/cm2, eATP levels declined to the minimum at 74.8% ± 5.5% of the baseline (n = 12, p < 0.01). This downregulation effect could be significantly inhibited by 100-μM ARL67156, a nonspecific ecto-ATPase inhibitor. On the contrary, heating itself slightly raised the level of eATP. Conclusions: Low-level CO2 laser irradiation can improve microcirculation. Besides the thermal effect, regulation of extravascular eATP by the photobiomodulation mechanism may be involved. This implies that CO2 lasers might be used in LLLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shen
- 1 School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzi Wei
- 1 School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianjing Chen
- 1 School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyong Shen
- 1 School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,2 Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai, China.,3 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function (14DZ2260500), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Wang
- 1 School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,2 Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai, China.,3 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function (14DZ2260500), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chen YW, Hsieh O, Chen YA, Chiou LL, Chang PC. Randomized controlled clinical effectiveness of adjunct 660-nm light-emitting diode irradiation during non-surgical periodontal therapy. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 119:157-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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The impact of photobiomodulation of major salivary glands on caries risk. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:193-203. [PMID: 31325124 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries is a complex multifactorial chronic infectious disease guided by several risk or protective factors. Saliva has an important role in caries and the remineralization process. Caries risk assessment is defined as the probability of new caries lesion development or the existing lesion progression in a given time period. Caries diagnostics and risk factor assessment are followed by targeted elimination of risk factors and less conservative but abundant preventive therapeutic measures. The aim of our prospective randomized study was to elucidate on how photobiomodulation of major salivary glands with polychromatic light or LED light affects caries risk factors in high caries-risk patients. Thirty-six patients were assigned to one of the following three experimental groups: the first, irradiated with polarized polychromatic light (40 mW/cm2, wavelengths 480-3400 nm); the second, a continuous LED light (16 mW/cm2, wavelengths 625, 660, 850 nm); the third, same LED light in a pulsed mode. The fourth group was the control, for which a non-therapeutic visible light was used. Light was administered extra-orally bilaterally above the parotid and submandibular glands for 10 min and intra-orally above the sublingual glands for 5 min, 3 times a week, for 4 consecutive weeks. Each patient's caries risk was assessed according to Cariogram before and after therapy. Caries risk factors were determined from samples of saliva before therapy, two weeks after it commenced, at the end of therapy, and four weeks after the end of therapy. At the end of treatment, the following findings were obtained: In the group irradiated with polarized polychromatic light and in the group irradiated with continuous LED light, the Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus counts decreased and salivary buffering capacity increased (p < 0.05). In the group irradiated with pulsed LED light, Streptococcus mutans counts decreased and unstimulated salivary flow and salivary buffering capacity increased (p < 0.05). In all three experimental groups, caries risk was lower (p < 0.05). In the placebo control group, there were no statistically significant differences between parameters before and after therapy. We concluded that photobiomodulation of major salivary glands in high caries-risk patients can reduce the cariogenic bacteria in saliva and improve some salivary parameters, thus reducing caries risk.
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Wound healing properties, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Salvia kronenburgii Rech. f. and Salvia euphratica Montbret, Aucher & Rech. f. var. euphratica on excision and incision wound models in diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:1260-1276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Wound Healing Effect of Kaempferol in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Rats. J Surg Res 2019; 233:284-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Romanelli M, Piaggesi A, Scapagnini G, Dini V, Janowska A, Iacopi E, Scarpa C, Fauverghe S, Bassetto F. Evaluation of fluorescence biomodulation in the real-life management of chronic wounds: the EUREKA trial. J Wound Care 2018; 27:744-753. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2018.27.11.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Romanelli
- Wound Healing Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Piaggesi
- Diabetic Foot Section, Department of Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Valentina Dini
- Wound Healing Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Agata Janowska
- Wound Healing Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Iacopi
- Diabetic Foot Section, Department of Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Scarpa
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Padova University-Hospital, Italy
| | | | - Franco Bassetto
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Padova University-Hospital, Italy
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Frangež I, Nizič-Kos T, Frangež HB. Phototherapy with LED Shows Promising Results in Healing Chronic Wounds in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:377-382. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Frangež
- Department of Surgical Infections, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tea Nizič-Kos
- Department of Surgical Infections, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Division of Surgery, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Ban Frangež
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Unit, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of led (λ627 ± 10 nm) on the initial phase of ankle sprain treatment: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1031-1038. [PMID: 29423840 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2460-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Various therapies for the treatment of sprains have emerged as advances occur in biomedical engineering and photobiology. Therapy with coherent and non-coherent light is a treatment modality for various musculoskeletal injuries. The main certified phototherapy benefits are the reduction of nociceptive processes and the modulation of the inflammatory process, among others. The objective of this study was to analyse the changes caused by the use of light-emitting diodes (LED) (λ627 ± 10 nm) with an energy density of 10 J/cm2 in 40 subjects divided into two groups (20 placebo and 20 LED). All of the volunteers had acute ankle sprains by inversion of grade II treated with the PRICE (protection, rest, ice, compression and elevation) technique and were treated for 6 days with LED therapy and LED therapy turned off (placebo). Pain assessment was performed on the 1st, 3rd and 6th days using the visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain, the McGill Pain Questionnaire and volumetry. The group treated with LED showed statistically decreased pain compared to the placebo group in both the VAS (85.79 vs 55.73%) and McGill questionnaire (83.33 vs 52.52%). The reduction of oedema in the LED group on the 3rd and 6th days after therapy was statistically superior to that in the placebo (p < 0.0001). Based on the results of this study, treatment with LED, using the tested dose, is effective for pain and oedema in the initial phase of ankle sprains.
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Jagdeo J, Austin E, Mamalis A, Wong C, Ho D, Siegel DM. Light-emitting diodes in dermatology: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 50:613-628. [PMID: 29356026 PMCID: PMC6099480 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In dermatology, patient and physician adoption of light-emitting diode (LED) medical technology continues to grow as research indicates that LEDs may be used to treat skin conditions. The goal of this systematic review is to critically analyze published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and provide evidence-based recommendations on the therapeutic uses of LEDs in dermatology based on published efficacy and safety data. METHODS A systematic review of the published literature on the use of LED treatments for skin conditions was performed on September 13th 2017. RESULTS Thirty-one original RCTs were suitable for review. CONCLUSIONS LEDs represent an emerging modality to alter skin biology and change the paradigm of managing skin conditions. Acne vulgaris, herpes simplex and zoster, and acute wound healing received grade of recommendation B. Other skin conditions received grade of recommendation C or D. Limitations of some studies include small patient sample sizes (n < 20), absent blinding, no sham placebo, and varied treatment parameters. Due to few incidences of adverse events, affordability, and encouraging clinical results, we recommend that physicians use LEDs in clinical practice and researchers continue to explore the use of LEDs to treat skin conditions. Lasers Surg. Med. 9999:1-16, 2018. © 2018 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Jagdeo
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of California at DavisSacramentoCalifornia
- Dermatology ServiceSacramento VA Medical CenterMatherCalifornia
- Department of DermatologyDownstate Medical CenterState University of New YorkBrooklynNew York
| | - Evan Austin
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of California at DavisSacramentoCalifornia
- Dermatology ServiceSacramento VA Medical CenterMatherCalifornia
| | - Andrew Mamalis
- Department of DermatologyDownstate Medical CenterState University of New YorkBrooklynNew York
| | | | - Derek Ho
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of California at DavisSacramentoCalifornia
- Dermatology ServiceSacramento VA Medical CenterMatherCalifornia
| | - Daniel M. Siegel
- Department of DermatologyDownstate Medical CenterState University of New YorkBrooklynNew York
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