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Huang B, Li S, Chai Y, Fan Y, Li X, Liu Y, Fu Y, Song X, Cui J. A novel GATA3 frameshift mutation causes hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2024; 38:101063. [PMID: 38469092 PMCID: PMC10926224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome (Barakat syndrome) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding GATA3 on chromosome 10p14. Method Informed consent was obtained from a 38-year-old female patient. 5 mL of venous blood was collected and sent for whole-exome sequencing. GATA3 constructs of both wild-type and mutant were transfected into HEK-293 T cells. Three-dimensional modeling, luciferase-reporter gene test, western blotting and cellular immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the effect of the mutation. Results A novel frameshift mutation c. 677dup(p.Pro227AlafsTer77), named P227Afs, was found in GATA3. Three-dimensional modeling revealed that the mutation caused the loss of the dual zinc finger structures 1 and 2 (ZNF1 and ZNF2) of the synthesized protein. Expression of wild-type GATA3 produced a six-fold increase in luciferase activity when compared with pcDNA3.1 vector only (P < 0.001), whereas the P227Afs mutant showed no increase. The mutation significantly reduced the transcriptional activity of GATA3. Immunofluorescence and western blotting analyses demonstrated that the mutation changed the nuclear location of GATA3 and caused difficulty in nuclearization. Conclusion A novel heterozygous frameshift mutation in GATA3 was identified and showed to result in difficult nuclearization, and a dominant-negative effect on the wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunhong Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xixi Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingqiu Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Kita M, Kuwata Y, Usui T. Familial congenital choanal atresia with GATA3 associated hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal dysplasia syndrome unidentified on auditory brainstem response. Auris Nasus Larynx 2018; 46:808-812. [PMID: 30396722 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder primarily caused by GATA3 haploinsufficiency and is challenging to diagnose in early childhood. We report a Japanese family with HDR syndrome and congenital choanal atresia. The 6-year-old female proband was diagnosed with epilepsy at the age of three. Under carbamazepine monotherapy, the patient presented hypoparathyroidism accompanied by severe hypocalcemia. Subsequently, renal ultrasound analysis revealed bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidneys. Because she had difficulty hearing, we sequenced GATA3 and determined that she had a c.708_709insC (p.Ser237Glnfs*66) allelic variant in exon 3. As a result, we found a family of this disease. Each family member, including her grandfather, mother, and two siblings, had HDR syndrome of varying clinical penetrance. We found a craniofacial anomaly, congenital choanal atresia, which was inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Hypocalcemia coupled with vitamin D deficiency, triggered by carbamazepine treatment, ultimately revealed the proband's childhood- onset HDR syndrome. Pure-tone audiometry revealed different severities of deafness as well as the progression of sensory hearing loss. However, auditory brainstem response for hearing screening is probably insufficient for ascertaining HDR syndrome in the early stages of life. We presented new clinical clues to diagnose the HDR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kita
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Kuwata
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Usui
- Shizuoka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Department of Medical Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
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Barakat AJ, Raygada M, Rennert OM. Barakat syndrome revisited. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:1341-1348. [PMID: 29663634 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Barakat syndrome also known as HDR syndrome (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man [OMIM] 146255), was first described by Barakat et al. in . It is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the triad of hypoparathyroidism "H," sensorineural deafness "D," and renal disease "R." The defect is caused by deletions in chromosome 10p14 or mutations in the GATA3 gene. Although the syndrome has been phenotypically defined by this triad the literature identifies cases with different components with, or without GATA3 defects making the definition of the syndrome confusing. We analyzed 180 cases and attempted to define the phenotype of the syndrome and suggest guidelines for diagnosis. We suggest that the diagnosis could be confirmed in patients who have all three components, and in those who have two components with a positive family history. GATA3 testing is optional to establish the diagnosis in these patients. The syndrome should be considered in patients with isolated "D" where other causes of "D" have been excluded and those with isolated "R," especially if there is family history of any of these components. In these instances, confirmatory GATA3 testing is indicated to confirm the diagnosis. In patients with nonsurgical "H," where "D" and "R" have been conclusively ruled out GATA3 studies are not needed as none of these patients were shown to be GATA3 haploinsufficient. Only 64.4% of patients in our review had "HDR." Some findings might have not been recognized or may could have appeared later in life, but it is evident that this syndrome is genotypically heterogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margarita Raygada
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Owen M Rennert
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
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Yang A, Kim J, Ki CS, Hong SH, Cho SY, Jin DK. HDR syndrome with a novel mutation in GATA3 mimicking a congenital X-linked stapes gusher: a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:121. [PMID: 29073906 PMCID: PMC5659003 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0484-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural hearing loss, and renal disease (HDR) syndrome, also known as Barakat syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder with high phenotypic heterogeneity caused by haploinsufficiency of the GATA3 gene on chromosome 10p14-p15. For these reasons, the diagnosis of HDR syndrome is challenging and requires a high index of suspicion as well as genetic analysis. Case presentation A 14-month-old boy, with sensorineural hearing loss in both ears, showed typical radiological features of X-linked stapes gusher on preoperative temporal bone computed tomography (CT) for cochlear implantations. Then after his discharge from hospital, he suffered a hypocalcemic seizure and we discovered a renal cyst during investigation of hypocalcemia. He was finally diagnosed with HDR syndrome by clinical findings, which were confirmed by molecular genetic testing. Direct sequencing of the GATA3 gene showed a heterozygous 2-bp deletion (c.1201_1202delAT), which is predicted to cause a frameshift of the reading frame (p.Met401Valfs*106). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first case of HDR syndrome with a novel de novo variant mimicking a congenital X-linked stapes gusher syndrome. Novel mutations and the diversity of clinical manifestations expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of HDR syndrome. Diagnosis of HDR syndrome is still challenging, but clinicians should consider it in their differential diagnosis for children with a wide range of clinical manifestations including hypocalcemia induced seizures and deafness. We hope that this case will contribute to further understanding and studies of HDR-associated GATA3 mutations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-017-0484-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jinsup Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Ki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Yoon Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
| | - Dong-Kyu Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
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Wang L, Lin QF, Wang HY, Guan J, Lan L, Xie LY, Yu L, Yang J, Zhao C, Liang JL, Zhou HL, Yang HM, Xiong WP, Zhang QJ, Wang DY, Wang QJ. Clinical Auditory Phenotypes Associated with GATA3 Gene Mutations in Familial Hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal Dysplasia Syndrome. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 130:703-709. [PMID: 28303854 PMCID: PMC5358421 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.201600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder primarily caused by haploinsufficiency of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) gene mutations, and hearing loss is the most frequent phenotypic feature. This study aimed at identifying the causative gene mutation for a three-generation Chinese family with HDR syndrome and analyzing auditory phenotypes in all familial HDR syndrome cases. Methods: Three affected family members underwent otologic examinations, biochemistry tests, and other clinical evaluations. Targeted genes capture combining next-generation sequencing was performed within the family. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the causative mutation. The auditory phenotypes of all reported familial HDR syndrome cases analyzed were provided. Results: In Chinese family 7121, a heterozygous nonsense mutation c.826C>T (p.R276*) was identified in GATA3. All the three affected members suffered from sensorineural deafness and hypocalcemia; however, renal dysplasia only appeared in the youngest patient. Furthermore, an overview of thirty HDR syndrome families with corresponding GATA3 mutations revealed that hearing impairment occurred earlier in the younger generation in at least nine familial cases (30%) and two thirds of them were found to carry premature stop mutations. Conclusions: This study highlights the phenotypic heterogeneity of HDR and points to a possible genetic anticipation in patients with HDR, which needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853; Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiong-Fen Lin
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Hong-Yang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jing Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lan Lan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lin-Yi Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ju Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Cui Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jin-Long Liang
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Han-Lin Zhou
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Huan-Ming Yang
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wen-Ping Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qiu-Jing Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Da-Yong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qiu-Ju Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Shim YS, Choi W, Hwang IT, Yang S. Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysgenesis syndrome with a GATA3 mutation. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2015; 20:59-63. [PMID: 25883929 PMCID: PMC4397275 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2015.20.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysgenesis syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in the GATA3 gene on chromosome 10p15. We identified a patient diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism who also had a family history of hypoparathyroidism and sensorineural deafness, present in the father. The patient was subsequently diagnosed and found to be a heterozygote for an insertion mutation c.255_256ins4 (GTGC) in exon 2 of GATA3. His father was also confirmed to have the same mutation in GATA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Suk Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woohyeok Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il Tae Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is a rare condition inherited as autosomal dominant trait and characterized by hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia. HDR syndrome is caused by haploinsufficiency of the GATA3 gene located on chromosome 10p15. Here, we report the case of a 32-day-old Korean male with HDR syndrome. He was presented due to repeated seizures over previous 3 days. The patient was born after 40 weeks of gestation with birth weight of 2930 g, and was the first-born baby of healthy Korean parents. Hypoparathyroidism was first noticed due to seizure. A multicystic left dysplastic kidney and vesicoureteral reflux were detected by ultrasound after birth. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing revealed that the patient had moderate sensorineural deafness, with hearing losses of 80 dB at the mid and higher frequencies for both ears. Echocardiography finding revealed secundum atrial septal deftect. Based on biochemical results and clinical findings, a presumptive diagnosis of HDR syndrome was made. GATA3 mutation analysis identified a heterozygous deletion, c.153del (p.Phe51Leufs*144) in exon 1 causing a frameshift mutation, which is a novel de novo mutation. Therefore, we suggest that HDR syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients with hypoparathyroidism, and that renal ultrasound or ABR testing be performed to prevent a missed diagnosis. This is the first report on Korean patient with confirmed HDR syndrome with novel mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Kun Cheon
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.; Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
| | - Gu Hwan Kim
- Medical Genetics Clinic and Laboratory, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Wook Yoo
- Medical Genetics Clinic and Laboratory, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Identification of a novel GATA3 mutation in a deaf Taiwanese family by massively parallel sequencing. Mutat Res 2014; 771:1-5. [PMID: 25771973 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have confirmed the utility of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) in addressing genetically heterogeneous hereditary hearing impairment. By applying a MPS diagnostic panel targeting 129 known deafness genes, we identified a novel frameshift GATA3 mutation, c.149delT (p.Phe51LeufsX144), in a hearing-impaired family compatible with autosomal dominant inheritance. The GATA3 haploinsufficiency is thought to be associated with the hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome. The pathogenicity of GATA3 c.149delT was supported by its absence in the 5400 NHLBI exomes, 1000 Genomes, and the 100 normal hearing controls of the present study; the co-segregation of c.149delT heterozygosity with hearing impairment in 9 affected members of the family; as well as the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay of the mutant allele in in vitro functional studies. The phenotypes in this family appeared relatively mild, as most affected members presented no signs of hypoparathyroidism or renal abnormalities, including the proband. To our knowledge, this is the first report of genetic diagnosis of HDR syndrome before the clinical diagnosis. Genetic examination for multiple deafness genes with MPS might be helpful in identifying certain types of syndromic hearing loss such as HDR syndrome, contributing to earlier diagnosis and treatment of the affected individuals.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the auditory and vestibular phenotypes of patients with GATA3 mutation. STUDY DESIGN Case series of 6 patients. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS All patients had the classic triad of GATA3 deficiency: hypoparathyroidism, hearing loss, and renal dysplasia. Patients (29-60 yr old; mean age, 42.5 yr; 3 male and 3 female subjects) were confirmed to have heterozygous mutations involving GATA3 by Sanger sequencing. INTERVENTIONS Behavioral audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were used to assess hearing. Rotational vestibular testing was used to assess vestibular function. RESULTS All patients with GATA3 mutation presented with hearing loss during childhood. The mean 3-frequency (0.5/1/2 kHz) pure tone average was 67 dB HL (range, 50-83 dB HL; SD, 9.3). The average speech discrimination score was 73% (range, 36%-100%; SD, 15.9). DPOAEs were absent in all patients. ABRs were remarkably robust and provided no evidence of retrocochlear dysfunction. Some patients complained of dizziness, but rotary chair testing was normal across participants for whom testing occurred. CONCLUSION Patients with GATA3 mutation present with early-onset sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). DPOAEs were absent, supporting outer hair cell dysfunction, whereas ABRs were present and robust. Rotational vestibular testing revealed no evidence of abnormal horizontal semicircular canal function.
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Zhu ZY, Zhou QL, Ni SN, Gu W. GATA3 mutation in a family with hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal dysplasia syndrome. World J Pediatr 2014; 10:278-80. [PMID: 25124981 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-014-0505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder primarily caused by GATA3 gene mutation. We report here a case that both of a Chinese boy and his father had HDR syndrome which caused by a novel mutation of GATA3. METHODS Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing was performed to detect the exons of the GATA3 gene for mutation analysis. RESULTS Sequence analysis of GATA3 revealed a heterozygous nonsense mutation in this family: a mutation of GATA3 at exon 2 (c.515C >A) that resulted in a premature stop at codon 172 (p.S172X) with a loss of two zinc finger domains. CONCLUSION We identified a novel nonsense mutation which will expand the spectrum of HDR-associated GATA3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Fukai R, Ochi N, Murakami A, Nakashima M, Tsurusaki Y, Saitsu H, Matsumoto N, Miyake N. Co-occurrence of 22q11 deletion syndrome and HDR syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:2576-81. [PMID: 23918631 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
22q11 deletion syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal deletion syndromes and is usually caused by a 1.5-3.0 Mb deletion at chromosome 22q11.2. It is characterized by hypocalcemia resulting from hypoplasia of the parathyroid glands, hypoplasia of the thymus, and defects of the cardiac outflow tract. We encountered a Japanese boy presenting with an unusually severe phenotype of 22q11 deletion syndrome, including progressive renal failure and severe intellectual disabilities. Diagnostic testing using fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed deletion of the 22q11 region, but this did not explain the additional complications. Copy number analysis was therefore performed using whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay, which identified an additional de novo deletion at 10p14. This region is the locus for hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome caused by haploinsufficiency of GATA3. Together, these two syndromes sufficiently explain the patient's phenotype. This is the first known case report of the co-occurrence of 22q11 deletion syndrome and HDR syndrome. As the two syndromes overlap clinically, this study indicates the importance of carrying out careful clinical and genetic assessment of patients with atypical clinical phenotypes or unique complications. Unbiased genetic analysis using whole genome copy number SNP arrays is especially useful for detecting such rare double mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Fukai
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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12
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Sheehan-Rooney K, Swartz ME, Zhao F, Liu D, Eberhart JK. Ahsa1 and Hsp90 activity confers more severe craniofacial phenotypes in a zebrafish model of hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness and renal dysplasia (HDR). Dis Model Mech 2013; 6:1285-91. [PMID: 23720234 PMCID: PMC3759348 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.011965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The severity of most human birth defects is highly variable. Our ability to diagnose, treat and prevent defects relies on our understanding of this variability. Mutation of the transcription factor GATA3 in humans causes the highly variable hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome. Although named for a triad of defects, individuals with HDR can also exhibit craniofacial defects. Through a forward genetic screen for craniofacial mutants, we isolated a zebrafish mutant in which the first cysteine of the second zinc finger of Gata3 is mutated. Because mutation of the homologous cysteine causes HDR in humans, these zebrafish mutants could be a quick and effective animal model for understanding the role of gata3 in the HDR disease spectrum. We demonstrate that, unexpectedly, the chaperone proteins Ahsa1 and Hsp90 promote severe craniofacial phenotypes in our zebrafish model of HDR syndrome. The strengths of the zebrafish system, including rapid development, genetic tractability and live imaging, make this an important model for variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Sheehan-Rooney
- Department of Molecular and Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Patterson 522, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78713, USA
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Chenouard A, Isidor B, Allain-Launay E, Moreau A, Le Bideau M, Roussey G. Renal phenotypic variability in HDR syndrome: glomerular nephropathy as a novel finding. Eur J Pediatr 2013; 172:107-10. [PMID: 23052618 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-012-1845-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED HDR syndrome (hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, renal abnormalities) (OMIM #146265) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the GATA-3 gene (OMIM 13120), a transcription factor coding for a protein involved in vertebrate embryonic development. More than a hundred cases with variable renal features have been described so far. Here, we report on a patient suffering from HDR syndrome with glomerular nephropathy. Hypoparathyroidism appeared early in childhood but the subsequent features of HDR occurred later in the form of bilateral sensorineural deafness and renal insufficiency associated with nephrocalcinosis. HDR was not initially diagnosed due to the appearance of a transitory cardiac involvement and atypical renal symptoms (diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis characterized by a self-limiting nephrotic syndrome). CONCLUSION HDR syndrome with glomerular nephropathy has not yet been reported to our knowledge. Further studies of GATA-3 are needed to explore the involvement of this transcription factor in the development of HDR in humans, particularly in the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Chenouard
- Pediatric Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
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Ohta M, Eguchi-Ishimae M, Ohshima M, Iwabuki H, Takemoto K, Murao K, Chisaka T, Yamamoto E, Higaki T, Isoyama K, Eguchi M, Ishii E. Novel dominant-negative mutant of GATA3 in HDR syndrome. J Mol Med (Berl) 2010; 89:43-50. [PMID: 21120445 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-010-0702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HDR syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal anomaly caused by mutation of the GATA3 gene located at chromosome 10p15. We report the case of a neonate with HDR syndrome and a novel GATA3 mutation. We performed genetic and functional analysis of GATA3 in this patient and identified a novel heterozygous 1516G> C missense mutation in exon 5, resulting in a cysteine-to-serine substitution at codon 321 (Cys321Ser). Mutated and wild-type GATA3 proteins were expressed at a similar level in vitro, indicating that the mutated GATA3 protein was stable. Luciferase assay revealed that the Cys321Ser-mutated GATA3 lacked transactivation activity due to loss of DNA-binding activity as confirmed by gel shift assay. Moreover, mutated GATA3 exerted a dominant-negative effect over the transactivation activity of wild-type GATA3. These findings indicate that not only haploinsufficiency of GATA3 but also the dominant-negative effect of Cys321Ser-mutated GATA3 might have been responsible for the HDR syndrome phenotype of our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Ohta
- Department of Neonatology, Maternity & Perinatal Care Unit, Ehime University Hospital, Shitsukawa, Toon, Matsuyama, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
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15
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Ferraris S, Del Monaco AG, Garelli E, Carando A, De Vito B, Pappi P, Lala R, Ponzone A. HDR syndrome: a novel "de novo" mutation in GATA3 gene. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:770-5. [PMID: 19248180 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Human GATA3 haploinsufficiency leads to HDR (hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia) syndrome. The development of a specific subset of organs in which this transcription factor is expressed appears exquisitely sensitive to gene dosage. We report on a 14-year-old patient with symptomatic hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural bilateral deafness, unilateral renal dysplasia, bilateral palpebral ptosis, and horizontal nystagmus. Fundoscopy displayed symmetrical pseudopapilledema, and brain CT scan revealed basal ganglia calcifications. FISH analysis did not disclose any microdeletion in the 22q11.2 or 10p14 regions. GATA3 mutation analysis identified a heterozygous deletion of GG nucleotides at codon 36 and 37 (c.108_109delGG) in exon 2 causing a frameshift with a premature stop codon after a new 15-aminoacid sequence. Restriction endonuclease analysis performed in parents was negative. Our patient carries a novel "de novo" GATA3 mutation, providing further evidence that HDR syndrome is caused by haploinsufficiency of GATA3, which may be responsible for a complex neurologic picture besides the known triad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Ferraris
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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16
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Viger RS, Guittot SM, Anttonen M, Wilson DB, Heikinheimo M. Role of the GATA family of transcription factors in endocrine development, function, and disease. Mol Endocrinol 2008; 22:781-98. [PMID: 18174356 DOI: 10.1210/me.2007-0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The WGATAR motif is a common nucleotide sequence found in the transcriptional regulatory regions of numerous genes. In vertebrates, these motifs are bound by one of six factors (GATA1 to GATA6) that constitute the GATA family of transcriptional regulatory proteins. Although originally considered for their roles in hematopoietic cells and the heart, GATA factors are now known to be expressed in a wide variety of tissues where they act as critical regulators of cell-specific gene expression. This includes multiple endocrine organs such as the pituitary, pancreas, adrenals, and especially the gonads. Insights into the functional roles played by GATA factors in adult organ systems have been hampered by the early embryonic lethality associated with the different Gata-null mice. This is now being overcome with the generation of tissue-specific knockout models and other knockdown strategies. These approaches, together with the increasing number of human GATA-related pathologies have greatly broadened the scope of GATA-dependent genes and, importantly, have shown that GATA action is not necessarily limited to early development. This has been particularly evident in endocrine organs where GATA factors appear to contribute to the transcription of multiple hormone-encoding genes. This review provides an overview of the GATA family of transcription factors as they relate to endocrine function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Viger
- Ontogeny-Reproduction Research Unit, Room T1-49, CHUQ Research Centre, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 4G2.
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Hernández AM, Villamar M, Roselló L, Moreno-Pelayo MA, Moreno F, Del Castillo I. Novel mutation in the gene encoding the GATA3 transcription factor in a Spanish familial case of hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome with female genital tract malformations. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:757-62. [PMID: 17309062 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba M Hernández
- Unidad de Genética Molecular, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Kobayashi H, Kasahara M, Hino M, Yoshimura H, Takahara S, Ikeda K, Son C, Iwakura T, Yoshimoto A, Ishihara T, Ogawa Y. A novel heterozygous deletion frameshift mutation of GATA3 in a Japanese kindred with the hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal dysplasia syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2006; 29:851-3. [PMID: 17114920 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Adachi M, Tachibana K, Asakura Y, Tsuchiya T. A novel mutation in the GATA3 gene in a family with HDR syndrome (Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural Deafness and Renal anomaly syndrome). J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2006; 19:87-92. [PMID: 16509533 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2006.19.1.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report here on a girl and her father with HDR syndrome (Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural Deafness and Renal anomaly syndrome). The proband, an 11 year-old girl, complained of periodic tetany lasting for 6 years, and also used a hearing aid because of sensorineural hearing impairment. Furthermore, she had hemimegalencephaly, and had been taking an anti-epileptic agent to treat psychomotor seizures for 6 years. Endocrine assessment showed modest hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypophosphaturia with lower normal parathyroid hormone concentration, and she had no renal abnormalities. Her father, who was 40 years old at the time of the investigation, had sensorineural hearing impairment, a lower than normal calcium level and normal renal function. Direct sequencing after PCR amplification of genomic DNA revealed a novel insertional mutation (405insC) in the GATA3 gene of both patients. This mutation was hypothesized to disrupt dual zinc fingers as well as one transactivating domain. The present findings lend additional support to the notion that the phenotype cannot be precisely estimated from the genotype in HDR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Adachi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Research Institute, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
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