1
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Cani PD, Van Hul M. Gut microbiota in overweight and obesity: crosstalk with adipose tissue. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:164-183. [PMID: 38066102 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00867-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are characterized by excessive fat mass accumulation produced when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. One plausible way to control energy expenditure is to modulate thermogenic pathways in white adipose tissue (WAT) and/or brown adipose tissue (BAT). Among the different environmental factors capable of influencing host metabolism and energy balance, the gut microbiota is now considered a key player. Following pioneering studies showing that mice lacking gut microbes (that is, germ-free mice) or depleted of their gut microbiota (that is, using antibiotics) developed less adipose tissue, numerous studies have investigated the complex interactions existing between gut bacteria, some of their membrane components (that is, lipopolysaccharides), and their metabolites (that is, short-chain fatty acids, endocannabinoids, bile acids, aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands and tryptophan derivatives) as well as their contribution to the browning and/or beiging of WAT and changes in BAT activity. In this Review, we discuss the general physiology of both WAT and BAT. Subsequently, we introduce how gut bacteria and different microbiota-derived metabolites, their receptors and signalling pathways can regulate the development of adipose tissue and its metabolic capacities. Finally, we describe the key challenges in moving from bench to bedside by presenting specific key examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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2
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Sun Y, Song J, Liu H, Li L, Xiao K, Mao W, Jiang C. Calcium-sensing receptor alleviates gut damage caused by endotoxemia by regulating gut microbiota. Transl Pediatr 2023; 12:2179-2190. [PMID: 38197097 PMCID: PMC10772839 DOI: 10.21037/tp-23-327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence points to an association between the gut microbiota and neonatal diseases. Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a major modulator of tissue responses associated with calcium homeostasis and is highly expressed in the mammalian gut. CaSR may affect the composition and balance of the intestinal microenvironment. Methods Neonatal rats were randomized to the control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), CaSR agonist, and CaSR inhibitor groups. The intestinal contents of neonatal rats were collected within 24 hours or 7 days after intervention. Then, 16S rRNA short amplicon sequencing was used to analyze biological information and the richness and diversity of individual taxa. Results LPS aggravated intestinal injury. The CaSR agonist alleviated injury, and the inhibitor further enhance intestinal injury. Activation of CaSR enhanced the diversity of the gut microbiota and the abundance of Lactobacillus. The lowest abundance of Firmicutes and the highest abundance of Bacteroidetes were found in the agonist group. CaSR impacted the bacterial species in rats with endotoxemia, and Akkermansia had the greatest effect on the differences among groups. Conclusions Activation of CaSRs could enhance the species richness and β-diversity of the gut microbiota and alter the abundance of many taxa. This could attenuate LPS-induced gut injury by modulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiayu Song
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kaihao Xiao
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunming Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhuhai, China
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3
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Jiang LX, Guo L, Shapleigh JP, Liu Y, Huang Y, Lian JS, Xie L, Deng LW, Wang WG, Wang L. The long-term effect of glutaraldehyde on the bacterial community in anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129448. [PMID: 37399960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A 160-day incubation was performed with two anammox reactors (GA and CK) to investigate the effect of glutaraldehyde. The results indicated that anammox bacteria were very sensitive when glutaraldehyde in GA reactor increased to 40 mg/L, the nitrogen removal efficiency sharply decreased to 11%, only one-quarter of CK. Glutaraldehyde changed spatial distribution of exopolysaccharides, caused anammox bacteria (Brocadia CK_gra75) to disassociate from granules (24.70% of the reads in CK but only 14.09% in GA granules). Metagenome analysis indicated glutaraldehyde led to the denitrifier community succession from strains without nir (nitrite reductase) and nor (nitric oxide reductases) genes to those with them, and the rapid growth of denitrifiers with NodT (an outer membrane factor)-related efflux pumps replacing those with another TolC -related ones. Meanwhile, Brocadia CK_gra75 lacks the NodT proteins. This study provides important insight into community adaptation and potential resistance mechanism in an active anammox community after exposure to disinfectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Xing Jiang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lu Guo
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | | | - Yi Liu
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jin-Shi Lian
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ling Xie
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Liang-Wei Deng
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Wen-Guo Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lan Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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4
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Lionetti E, Dominijanni V, Iasevoli M, Cimadamore E, Acquaviva I, Gatti S, Monachesi C, Catassi G, Pino A, Faragalli A, Randazzo CL, Gesuita R, Malamisura B, Catassi C. Effects of the supplementation with a multispecies probiotic on clinical and laboratory recovery of children with newly diagnosed celiac disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:1328-1337. [PMID: 37164895 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a multispecies probiotic on clinical and laboratory recovery of children with celiac disease (CeD) at diagnosis. METHODS Children with newly diagnosed CeD entered a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. A gluten-free diet (GFD) plus a multispecies probiotic or placebo were administered for 12 weeks. Growth, laboratory, and clinical parameters were recorded at enrollment, after 3 and 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS Overall, 96 children completed the study: 49 in group A (placebo) and 47 in group B (probiotic). A significant increase of BMI-Z score was found in both groups after 3 and 6 months of treatment (p < 0.001), however the increase of BMI-Z score was significantly higher and faster in Group B than in Group A. Other clinical and laboratory parameters improved in both groups after 3 and 6 months (p<0.001), but no difference was found between the groups and a comparable time trend was observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with a multispecies probiotic induced a higher and faster increase of BMI in children with newly diagnosed CeD. The mechanism of this positive effect remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lionetti
- Division of Pediatrics and Center for Celiac Research, DISCO Department, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Vera Dominijanni
- Division of Pediatrics and Center for Celiac Research, DISCO Department, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Iasevoli
- Pediatric Unit and Center for Celiac Disease - University Hospital of Salerno, Campus of Cava de' Tirreni, Italy
| | - Elisa Cimadamore
- Division of Pediatrics and Center for Celiac Research, DISCO Department, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Acquaviva
- Division of Pediatrics and Center for Celiac Research, DISCO Department, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Gatti
- Division of Pediatrics and Center for Celiac Research, DISCO Department, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Monachesi
- Division of Pediatrics and Center for Celiac Research, DISCO Department, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Catassi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; ProBioEtna S.r.l., Spin off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Faragalli
- Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy; Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Lucia Randazzo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; ProBioEtna S.r.l., Spin off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy; Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Basilio Malamisura
- Pediatric Unit and Center for Celiac Disease - University Hospital of Salerno, Campus of Cava de' Tirreni, Italy
| | - Carlo Catassi
- Division of Pediatrics and Center for Celiac Research, DISCO Department, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.
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5
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Ji M, Xu X, Xu Q, Hsiao YC, Martin C, Ukraintseva S, Popov V, Arbeev KG, Randall TA, Wu X, Garcia-Peterson LM, Liu J, Xu X, Andrea Azcarate-Peril M, Wan Y, Yashin AI, Anantharaman K, Lu K, Li JL, Shats I, Li X. Methionine restriction-induced sulfur deficiency impairs antitumour immunity partially through gut microbiota. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1526-1543. [PMID: 37537369 PMCID: PMC10513933 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Restriction of methionine (MR), a sulfur-containing essential amino acid, has been reported to repress cancer growth and improve therapeutic responses in several preclinical settings. However, how MR impacts cancer progression in the context of the intact immune system is unknown. Here we report that while inhibiting cancer growth in immunocompromised mice, MR reduces T cell abundance, exacerbates tumour growth and impairs tumour response to immunotherapy in immunocompetent male and female mice. Mechanistically, MR reduces microbial production of hydrogen sulfide, which is critical for immune cell survival/activation. Dietary supplementation of a hydrogen sulfide donor or a precursor, or methionine, stimulates antitumour immunity and suppresses tumour progression. Our findings reveal an unexpected negative interaction between MR, sulfur deficiency and antitumour immunity and further uncover a vital role of gut microbiota in mediating this interaction. Our study suggests that any possible anticancer benefits of MR require careful consideration of both the microbiota and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ji
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Xu
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Qing Xu
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Yun-Chung Hsiao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cody Martin
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Svetlana Ukraintseva
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Vladimir Popov
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Konstantin G Arbeev
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tom A Randall
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Liz M Garcia-Peterson
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - M Andrea Azcarate-Peril
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Microbiome Core Facility, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yisong Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anatoliy I Yashin
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jian-Liang Li
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Igor Shats
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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6
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Zhang B, Li J, Fu J, Shao L, Yang L, Shi J. Interaction between mucus layer and gut microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Soil and seeds. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:1390-1400. [PMID: 37200041 PMCID: PMC10278733 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The intestinal mucus layer is a barrier that separates intestinal contents and epithelial cells, as well as acts as the "mucus layer-soil" for intestinal flora adhesion and colonization. Its structural and functional integrity is crucial to human health. Intestinal mucus is regulated by factors such as diet, living habits, hormones, neurotransmitters, cytokines, and intestinal flora. The mucus layer's thickness, viscosity, porosity, growth rate, and glycosylation status affect the structure of the gut flora colonized on it. The interaction between "mucus layer-soil" and "gut bacteria-seed" is an important factor leading to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and wash microbial transplantation are efficient methods for managing NAFLD, but their long-term efficacy is poor. FMT is focused on achieving the goal of treating diseases by enhancing the "gut bacteria-seed". However, a lack of effective repair and management of the "mucus layer-soil" may be a reason why "seeds" cannot be well colonized and grow in the host gut, as the thinning and destruction of the "mucus layer-soil" is an early symptom of NAFLD. This review summarizes the existing correlation between intestinal mucus and gut microbiota, as well as the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and proposes a new perspective that "mucus layer-soil" restoration combined with "gut bacteria-seed" FMT may be one of the most effective future strategies for enhancing the long-term efficacy of NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
- Department of School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Jinlong Fu
- Department of School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Li Shao
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
- Department of School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Luping Yang
- Department of Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Junping Shi
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
- Department of Infectious & Hepatology Diseases, Metabolic Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
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7
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Mishra G, Singh P, Molla M, Yimer YS, Dinda SC, Chandra P, Singh BK, Dagnew SB, Assefa AN, Ewunetie A. Harnessing the potential of probiotics in the treatment of alcoholic liver disorders. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1212742. [PMID: 37361234 PMCID: PMC10287977 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1212742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current scenario, prolonged consumption of alcohol across the globe is upsurging an appreciable number of patients with the risk of alcohol-associated liver diseases. According to the recent report, the gut-liver axis is crucial in the progression of alcohol-induced liver diseases, including steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite several factors associated with alcoholic liver diseases, the complexity of the gut microflora and its great interaction with the liver have become a fascinating area for researchers due to the high exposure of the liver to free radicals, bacterial endotoxins, lipopolysaccharides, inflammatory markers, etc. Undoubtedly, alcohol-induced gut microbiota imbalance stimulates dysbiosis, disrupts the intestinal barrier function, and trigger immune as well as inflammatory responses which further aggravate hepatic injury. Since currently available drugs to mitigate liver disorders have significant side effects, hence, probiotics have been widely researched to alleviate alcohol-associated liver diseases and to improve liver health. A broad range of probiotic bacteria like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Escherichia coli, Sacchromyces, and Lactococcus are used to reduce or halt the progression of alcohol-associated liver diseases. Several underlying mechanisms, including alteration of the gut microbiome, modulation of intestinal barrier function and immune response, reduction in the level of endotoxins, and bacterial translocation, have been implicated through which probiotics can effectively suppress the occurrence of alcohol-induced liver disorders. This review addresses the therapeutic applications of probiotics in the treatment of alcohol-associated liver diseases. Novel insights into the mechanisms by which probiotics prevent alcohol-associated liver diseases have also been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Mishra
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Pradeep Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Molla
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Shumet Yimer
- Social Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | | | - Phool Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | | | - Samuel Berihun Dagnew
- Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Nigussie Assefa
- Social Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Amien Ewunetie
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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8
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Singh RP, Niharika J, Thakur R, Wagstaff BA, Kumar G, Kurata R, Patel D, Levy CW, Miyazaki T, Field RA. Utilization of dietary mixed-linkage β-glucans by the Firmicute Blautia producta. J Biol Chem 2023:104806. [PMID: 37172725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-glucans are structurally varied, naturally occurring components of the cell walls and storage materials of a variety of plant and microbial species. In the human diet, mixed-linkage glucans [MLG - β-(1,3/4)-glucans] influence the gut microbiome and the host immune system. Although consumed daily, the molecular mechanism by which human gut Gram-positive bacteria utilize MLG largely remains unknown. In this study, we used Blautia producta ATCC 27340 as a model organism to develop understanding of MLG utilization. B. producta encodes a gene locus comprising a multi-modular cell-anchored endo-glucanase (BpGH16MLG), an ABC transporter, and a glycoside phosphorylase (BpGH94MLG) for utilizing MLG, as evidenced by the up-regulation of expression of the enzyme- and solute binding protein (SBP)-encoding genes in this cluster when the organism is grown on MLG. We determined that recombinant BpGH16MLG cleaved various types of β-glucan, generating oligosaccharides suitable for cellular uptake by B. producta. Cytoplasmic digestion of these oligosaccharides is then performed by recombinant BpGH94MLG and β-glucosidases (BpGH3-AR8MLG and BpGH3-X62MLG). Using targeted deletion, we demonstrated BpSBPMLG is essential for B. producta growth on barley β-glucan. Furthermore, we revealed that beneficial bacteria, such as Roseburia faecis JCM 17581T, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum JCM 1200T, Bifidobacterium adolescentis JCM 1275T, and Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM 1254, can also utilize oligosaccharides resulting from the action of BpGH16MLG. Disentangling the β-glucan utilizing capability of B. producta provides a rational basis on which to consider the probiotic potential of this class of organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Pal Singh
- Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gujarat International Finance Tec (GIFT)-City, Gandhinagar- 382355, Gujarat, India; Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Jayashree Niharika
- Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gujarat International Finance Tec (GIFT)-City, Gandhinagar- 382355, Gujarat, India; Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Raksha Thakur
- Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Ben A Wagstaff
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Gulshan Kumar
- Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Rikuya Kurata
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Dhaval Patel
- Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gujarat International Finance Tec (GIFT)-City, Gandhinagar- 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Colin W Levy
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Takatsugu Miyazaki
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Robert A Field
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
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9
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Shuoker B, Pichler MJ, Jin C, Sakanaka H, Wu H, Gascueña AM, Liu J, Nielsen TS, Holgersson J, Nordberg Karlsson E, Juge N, Meier S, Morth JP, Karlsson NG, Abou Hachem M. Sialidases and fucosidases of Akkermansia muciniphila are crucial for growth on mucin and nutrient sharing with mucus-associated gut bacteria. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1833. [PMID: 37005422 PMCID: PMC10067855 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37533-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucolytic human gut microbiota specialist Akkermansia muciniphila is proposed to boost mucin-secretion by the host, thereby being a key player in mucus turnover. Mucin glycan utilization requires the removal of protective caps, notably fucose and sialic acid, but the enzymatic details of this process remain largely unknown. Here, we describe the specificities of ten A. muciniphila glycoside hydrolases, which collectively remove all known sialyl and fucosyl mucin caps including those on double-sulfated epitopes. Structural analyses revealed an unprecedented fucosidase modular arrangement and explained the sialyl T-antigen specificity of a sialidase of a previously unknown family. Cell-attached sialidases and fucosidases displayed mucin-binding and their inhibition abolished growth of A. muciniphila on mucin. Remarkably, neither the sialic acid nor fucose contributed to A. muciniphila growth, but instead promoted butyrate production by co-cultured Clostridia. This study brings unprecedented mechanistic insight into the initiation of mucin O-glycan degradation by A. muciniphila and nutrient sharing between mucus-associated bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Shuoker
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael J Pichler
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Proteomics Core Facility at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hiroka Sakanaka
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Haiyang Wu
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Jining Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tine Sofie Nielsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Jan Holgersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sebastian Meier
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Preben Morth
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Proteomics Core Facility at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maher Abou Hachem
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
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10
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Li ZT, Wang YY, Ji HY, Jiang Y, Gao MJ, Zhan XB, Jin Z. In-vitro dynamic fermentation simulation colon reactor for gut microbiota incubation. Biochem Eng J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2023.108877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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11
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Senchukova MA. Genetic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer and the microbiome. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:443-463. [PMID: 37009315 PMCID: PMC10052667 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i3.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization's GLOBOCAN database ranked colorectal cancer (CRC) as the third most common cancer in the world. Most cases of CRC (> 95%) are sporadic and develop from colorectal polyps that can progress to intramucosal carcinoma and CRC. Increasing evidence is accumulating that the gut microbiota can play a key role in the initiation and progression of CRC, as well as in the treatment of CRC, acting as an important metabolic and immunological regulator. Factors that may determine the microbiota role in CRC carcinogenesis include inflammation, changes in intestinal stem cell function, impact of bacterial metabolites on gut mucosa, accumulation of genetic mutations and other factors. In this review, I discuss the major mechanisms of the development of sporadic CRC, provide detailed characteristics of the bacteria that are most often associated with CRC, and analyze the role of the microbiome and microbial metabolites in inflammation initiation, activation of proliferative activity in intestinal epithelial and stem cells, and the development of genetic and epigenetic changes in CRC. I consider long-term studies in this direction to be very important, as they open up new opportunities for the treatment and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Senchukova
- Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia
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12
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O-Mucin-degrading carbohydrate-active enzymes and their possible implication in inflammatory bowel diseases. Essays Biochem 2023; 67:331-344. [PMID: 36912232 PMCID: PMC10154620 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are modern diseases, with incidence rising around the world. They are associated with perturbation of the intestinal microbiota, and with alteration and crossing of the mucus barrier by the commensal bacteria that feed on it. In the process of mucus catabolism and invasion by gut bacteria, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) play a critical role since mucus is mainly made up by O- and N-glycans. Moreover, the occurrence of IBD seems to be associated with low-fiber diets. Conversely, supplementation with oligosaccharides, such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are structurally similar to intestinal mucins and could thus compete with them towards bacterial mucus-degrading CAZymes, has been suggested to prevent inflammation. In this mini-review, we will establish the current state of knowledge regarding the identification and characterization of mucus-degrading enzymes from both cultured and uncultured species of gut commensals and enteropathogens, with a particular focus on the present technological opportunities available to further the discovery of mucus-degrading CAZymes within the entire gut microbiome, by coupling microfluidics with metagenomics and culturomics. Finally, we will discuss the challenges to overcome to better assess how CAZymes targeting specific functional oligosaccharides could be involved in the modulation of the mucus-driven cross-talk between gut bacteria and their host in the context of IBD.
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13
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A Pilot Study: The Reduction in Fecal Acetate in Obese Patients after Probiotic Administration and Percutaneous Electrical Neurostimulation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051067. [PMID: 36904067 PMCID: PMC10005340 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous data suggested that anti-obesity interventions, such as percutaneous electric neurostimulation and probiotics, could reduce body weight and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors by attenuation of microbiota alterations. However, potential mechanisms of action have not been unveiled, and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) might be involved in these responses. This pilot study included two groups of class-I obese patients (N = 10, each) who underwent anti-obesity therapy by percutaneous electric neurostimulations (PENS) and a hypocaloric diet (Diet), with/without the administration of the multi-strain probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum LP115, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA14, and Bifidobacterium breve B3), for ten weeks. Fecal samples were used for SCFA quantification (by HPLC-MS) in relation to microbiota and anthropometric and clinical variables. In these patients, we previously described a further reduction in obesity and CV risk factors (hyperglycemia, dyslipemia) after PENS-Diet+Prob compared to PENS-Diet alone. Herein, we observed that the administration of probiotics decreased fecal acetate concentrations, and this effect may be linked to the enrichment of Prevotella, Bifidobacterium spp., and Akkermansia muciniphila. Additionally, fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate are associated with each other, suggesting an additional benefit in colonic absorption. In conclusion, probiotics could help anti-obesity interventions by promoting weight loss and reducing CV risk factors. Likely, modification of microbiota and related SCFA, such as acetate, could improve environmental conditions and permeability in the gut.
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14
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Guo J, Shang X, Chen P, Huang X. How does carrageenan cause colitis? A review. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 302:120374. [PMID: 36604052 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Carrageenan is a common additive, but mounting studies have reported that it may cause or aggravate inflammation in the intestines. The safety of carrageenan remains controversial and its inflammatory mechanisms are unclear. In this review, the pathogenesis of colitis by carrageenans was discussed. We analyzed the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, followed that line of thought, the existing evidence of carrageenans causing colitis in cellular and animal models was summarized to draw its colitis pathogenesis. Two pathways were described including: 1) carrageenan changed the composition of intestinal microbiota, especially Akkermansia muciniphila, which destroyed the mucosal barrier and triggered the inflammatory immune response; and 2) carrageenan directly contacted with receptors on epithelial cells and activated the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. This review aim to provide guidance for exploring the treatment of colitis caused by carrageenan, and safe processing and utilization of carrageenan in food industry, which is worthy of study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Guo
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Xuke Shang
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Peilin Chen
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Xiaozhou Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
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15
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Detailed analysis of metabolism reveals growth-rate-promoting interactions between Anaerostipes caccae and Bacteroides spp. Anaerobe 2023; 79:102680. [PMID: 36473601 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human gut microbiota species which are next-generation probiotics (NGPs) candidates are of high interest as they have shown the potential to treat intestinal inflammation and other diseases. Unfortunately, these species are often not robust enough for large-scale cultivation, especially in maintaining diversity in co-culture production. OBJECTIVES In this study, we describe interactions between human gut microbiota species in the cultivation process with unique substrates. We also demonstrated that it is possible to change the species ratio in co-culture by changing the ratio of carbon sources. METHODS We screened 25 different bacterial species based on their metabolic capabilities. After evaluating unique substrate possibilities, we chose Anaerostipes caccae (A. caccae), Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (B. thetaiotaomicron), and Bacteroides vulgatus (B. vulgatus) as subjects for further study. D-sorbitol, D-xylose, and D-galacturonic acid were selected as substrates for A. caccae, B. thetaiotaomicron, and B. vulgatus respectively. All three species were cultivated as both monocultures and in co-cultures in serial batch fermentations in an isothermal microcalorimeter. RESULTS Positive interactions were detected between the species in both co-cultures (A. caccae + B. thetaiotaomicron; A. caccae + B. vulgatus) resulting in higher heat production compared to the sum of the monocultures. The same positive cross-feeding interactions took place in larger-scale cultivation experiments. We confirmed acetate and lactate cross-feeding between A. caccae and B. thetaiotaomicron with flux balance analysis (FBA). CONCLUSION Changing the ratio of the selected carbon sources in the medium changed the species ratio accordingly. Such robustness is the basis for developing more efficient industrial co-culture processes including the production of NGPs.
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WATANABE S, OHNO A, YOMODA S, INAMASU S. Arctigenin-containing burdock sprout extract prevents obesity in association with modulation of the gut microbiota in mice. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:49-55. [PMID: 36660596 PMCID: PMC9816047 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2021-070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have suggested that the gut microbiota affect the health of the host. For example, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and the proportion of Akkermansia muciniphila in the microbiota have been closely linked to obesity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of an anti-obesity lignan compound, arctigenin (AG), and burdock sprout extract (GSE), which contains AG, on the gut microbiota of an obese mouse model. C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diets containing AG, GSE, or metformin (MF) for 8 weeks. The composition of the gut microbiota and the cecal content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Body weight gain was significantly suppressed in mice treated with AG, GSE, and MF. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that the F/B ratio was significantly reduced in the AG- and GSE-treated groups. Furthermore, the copy number of A. muciniphila in the feces was significantly increased in obese mice treated with AG and GSE. In addition, the amount of SCFAs (acetic, propionic, and butyric acids) in the cecal content and their fecal excretions were also significantly increased following AG and GSE treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that AG and GSE prevent obesity by improving the composition of the gut microbiota. Moreover, AG promoted the growth of A. muciniphila in vitro. Thus, AG and GSE may function as novel prebiotic supplements to ameliorate obesity, constipation, and intestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei WATANABE
- R&D Innovation Group, Kracie Holdings, Ltd., 20-20 Kaigan
3-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8080, Japan,*Corresponding author. Shimpei Watanabe (E-mail: )
| | - Akiko OHNO
- R&D Innovation Group, Kracie Holdings, Ltd., 20-20 Kaigan
3-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8080, Japan
| | - Satoshi YOMODA
- R&D Innovation Group, Kracie Holdings, Ltd., 20-20 Kaigan
3-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8080, Japan
| | - Satoshi INAMASU
- R&D Innovation Group, Kracie Holdings, Ltd., 20-20 Kaigan
3-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8080, Japan
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17
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Polyphenols as Drivers of a Homeostatic Gut Microecology and Immuno-Metabolic Traits of Akkermansia muciniphila: From Mouse to Man. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010045. [PMID: 36613488 PMCID: PMC9820369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucosal symbiont considered a gut microbial marker in healthy individuals, as its relative abundance is significantly reduced in subjects with gut inflammation and metabolic disturbances. Dietary polyphenols can distinctly stimulate the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, contributing to the attenuation of several diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, and liver damage. However, mechanistic insight into how polyphenols stimulate A. muciniphila or its activity is limited. This review focuses on dietary interventions in rodents and humans and in vitro studies using different phenolic classes. We provide critical insights with respect to potential mechanisms explaining the effects of polyphenols affecting A. muciniphila. Anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavanones, stilbenes, and phenolic acids are shown to increase relative A. muciniphila levels in vivo, whereas lignans exert the opposite effect. Clinical trials show consistent findings, and high intervariability relying on the gut microbiota composition at the baseline and the presence of multiple polyphenol degraders appear to be cardinal determinants in inducing A. muciniphila and associated benefits by polyphenol intake. Polyphenols signal to the AhR receptor and impact the relative abundance of A. muciniphila in a direct and indirect fashion, resulting in the restoration of intestinal epithelial integrity and homeostatic crosstalk with the gut microbiota by affecting IL-22 production. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that A. muciniphila participates in the initial hydrolysis of some polyphenols but does not participate in their complete metabolism. In conclusion, the consumption of polyphenol-rich foods targeting A. muciniphila as a pivotal intermediary represents a promising precision nutritional therapy to prevent and attenuate metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
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18
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Kundra P, Geirnaert A, Pugin B, Morales Martinez P, Lacroix C, Greppi A. Healthy adult gut microbiota sustains its own vitamin B12 requirement in an in vitro batch fermentation model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1070155. [PMID: 36532531 PMCID: PMC9751363 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1070155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is present in the human lower gastrointestinal tract either coming from the unabsorbed dietary fraction or from in situ production of the gut microbiota. However, it is unclear whether the gut microbial communities need exogenous B12 for growth and metabolism, or whether B12 in low and high levels could affect gut community composition and metabolite production. Here, we investigated in vitro B12 production of human fecal microbiota and the effects of different levels of B12 (as cyanocobalamin) on composition and activity. Eight fecal communities from healthy human adults distributed over three enterotypes, dominated by Firmicutes (n = 5), Bacteroides (n = 1) or Prevotella (n = 2) were used to perform batch fermentations in Macfarlane medium supplemented with low B12 medium (Control, 5 ng/ml, within the tested fecal range), no B12 addition (NB12), and high B12 addition (ExtraB12, 2500 ng/ml). The microbiota community composition (qPCR, 16S rRNA metabarcoding), metabolic activity (HPLC-RI), and B12 levels (UHPLC-DAD) were measured after 24 h incubation at 37°C under strict anaerobic conditions. All fecal microbial communities produced B12 in the NB12 condition after 24 h, in the range from 152 ± 4 to 564 ± 25 ng/ml. None of the B12 treatments had an impact on total bacterial growth, community richness, diversity and total metabolite production, compared to the low B12 control. However, a significant increase of propionate was measured in ExtraB12 compared to NB12. Most taxonomic and metabolite changes compared to control incubations were donor-dependent, implying donor-microbiota-specific changes upon B12 treatments. Our in vitro data suggest that healthy human adult gut microbial communities have the capacity to produce B12 at levels fulfilling their own requirements, independently of the initial B12 content tested in the donor's feces. Further, supplementation of exogenous dietary B12 may have limited impact on the healthy human gut microbial community composition and function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Greppi
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Li CC, Yi H, Wang YM, Tang XY, Zhu YB, Song YJ, Zhao NL, Huang Q, Mou XY, Luo GH, Liu TG, Yang GL, Zeng YJ, Wang LJ, Tang H, Fan G, Bao R. Nucleotide binding as an allosteric regulatory mechanism for Akkermansia muciniphila β- N-acetylhexosaminidase Am2136. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2143221. [PMID: 36394293 PMCID: PMC9673926 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2143221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
β-N-acetylhexosaminidases (EC3.2.1.52), which belong to the glycosyl hydrolase family GH20, are important enzymes for oligosaccharides modification. Numerous microbial β-N-acetylhexosaminidases have been investigated for applications in biology, biomedicine and biotechnology. Akkermansia muciniphila is an anaerobic intestinal commensal bacterium which possesses specific β-N-acetylhexosaminidases for gut mucosal layer colonization and mucin degradation. In this study, we assessed the in vitro mucin glycan cleavage activity of the A. muciniphila β-N-acetylhexosaminidase Am2136 and demonstrated its ability that hydrolyzing the β-linkages joining N-acetylglucosamine to a wide variety of aglycone residues, which indicated that Am2136 may be a generalist β-N-acetylhexosaminidase. Structural and enzyme activity assay experiments allowed us to probe the essential function of the inter-domain interactions in β23-β33. Importantly, we revealed that the hydrolysis activity of Am2136 was enhanced by nucleotides. We further speculated that this activation mechanism might be associated with the conformational motions between domain III and IV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of nucleotide effector regulated β-N-acetylhexosaminidase, to reveal its novel biological functions. These findings contribute to understanding the distinct properties within the GH20 family and lay a certain foundation to develop controllable glycan hydrolyzing catalysts.Abbreviations: OD600 - optical cell densities at 600 nm; LB - Luria-Bertani; IPTG - isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside; PMSF - phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride; rmsd - root mean square deviation; GlcNAc - N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine; GalNAc - N-acetyl-β-D-galactosamine; Gal - galactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Cheng Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Mei Wang
- Institute of traditional Chinese medicine, Sichuan College of traditional Chinese Medicine (Sichuan Second Hospital of TCM), Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yue Tang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Bo Zhu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying-Jie Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning-Lin Zhao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing-Yu Mou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gui-Hua Luo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong-Gen Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang-Long Yang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Hong Tang Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Chengdu. China
| | - Gang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,Gang Fan State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chengdu. China
| | - Rui Bao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,CONTACT Rui Bao
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20
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Schwabkey ZI, Wiesnoski DH, Chang CC, Tsai WB, Pham D, Ahmed SS, Hayase T, Turrubiates MRO, El-Himri RK, Sanchez CA, Hayase E, Oquendo ACF, Miyama T, Halsey TM, Heckel BE, Brown AN, Jin Y, Raybaud M, Prasad R, Flores I, McDaniel L, Chapa V, Lorenzi PL, Warmoes MO, Tan L, Swennes AG, Fowler S, Conner M, McHugh K, Graf T, Jensen VB, Peterson CB, Do KA, Zhang L, Shi Y, Wang Y, Galloway-Pena JR, Okhuysen PC, Daniel-MacDougall CR, Shono Y, da Silva MB, Peled JU, van den Brink MR, Ajami N, Wargo JA, Reddy P, Valdivia RH, Davey L, Rondon G, Srour SA, Mehta RS, Alousi AM, Shpall EJ, Champlin RE, Shelburne SA, Molldrem JJ, Jamal MA, Karmouch JL, Jenq RR. Diet-derived metabolites and mucus link the gut microbiome to fever after cytotoxic cancer treatment. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo3445. [PMID: 36383683 PMCID: PMC10028729 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo3445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Not all patients with cancer and severe neutropenia develop fever, and the fecal microbiome may play a role. In a single-center study of patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (n = 119), the fecal microbiome was characterized at onset of severe neutropenia. A total of 63 patients (53%) developed a subsequent fever, and their fecal microbiome displayed increased relative abundances of Akkermansia muciniphila, a species of mucin-degrading bacteria (P = 0.006, corrected for multiple comparisons). Two therapies that induce neutropenia, irradiation and melphalan, similarly expanded A. muciniphila and additionally thinned the colonic mucus layer in mice. Caloric restriction of unirradiated mice also expanded A. muciniphila and thinned the colonic mucus layer. Antibiotic treatment to eradicate A. muciniphila before caloric restriction preserved colonic mucus, whereas A. muciniphila reintroduction restored mucus thinning. Caloric restriction of unirradiated mice raised colonic luminal pH and reduced acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Culturing A. muciniphila in vitro with propionate reduced utilization of mucin as well as of fucose. Treating irradiated mice with an antibiotic targeting A. muciniphila or propionate preserved the mucus layer, suppressed translocation of flagellin, reduced inflammatory cytokines in the colon, and improved thermoregulation. These results suggest that diet, metabolites, and colonic mucus link the microbiome to neutropenic fever and may guide future microbiome-based preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaker I. Schwabkey
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Diana H. Wiesnoski
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wen-Bin Tsai
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dung Pham
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Saira S. Ahmed
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tomo Hayase
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Rawan K. El-Himri
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christopher A. Sanchez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eiko Hayase
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Annette C. Frenk Oquendo
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Takahiko Miyama
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Taylor M. Halsey
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brooke E. Heckel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexandria N. Brown
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yimei Jin
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mathilde Raybaud
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rishika Prasad
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ivonne Flores
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lauren McDaniel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Valerie Chapa
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Philip L. Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marc O. Warmoes
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lin Tan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alton G. Swennes
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephanie Fowler
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Margaret Conner
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kevin McHugh
- CPRIT Scholar in Cancer Research, Austin, TX 78701, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
| | - Tyler Graf
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
| | - Vanessa B. Jensen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christine B. Peterson
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kim-Anh Do
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yushu Shi
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jessica R. Galloway-Pena
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Pablo C. Okhuysen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Yusuke Shono
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marina Burgos da Silva
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jonathan U. Peled
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marcel R.M. van den Brink
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nadim Ajami
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Wargo
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pavan Reddy
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Raphael H. Valdivia
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Lauren Davey
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Gabriela Rondon
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samer A. Srour
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rohtesh S. Mehta
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amin M. Alousi
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Richard E. Champlin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samuel A. Shelburne
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Molldrem
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mohamed A. Jamal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Karmouch
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert R. Jenq
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- CPRIT Scholar in Cancer Research, Austin, TX 78701, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Corresponding author.
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21
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Yan J, Pan Y, Shao W, Wang C, Wang R, He Y, Zhang M, Wang Y, Li T, Wang Z, Liu W, Wang Z, Sun X, Dong S. Beneficial effect of the short-chain fatty acid propionate on vascular calcification through intestinal microbiota remodelling. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:195. [PMID: 36380385 PMCID: PMC9667615 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification is a major cause of the high morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases and is closely associated with the intestinal microbiota. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are derived from the intestinal microbiota and can also regulate intestinal microbiota homeostasis. However, it remains unclear whether exogenous supplementation with propionate, a SCFA, can ameliorate vascular calcification by regulating the intestinal microbiota. This study was conducted to explore the roles of propionate and the intestinal microbiota in the process of vascular calcification. METHODS In total, 92 patients were enrolled consecutively as the observational cohort to analyse the relationship between SCFAs and vascular calcification in both blood and faecal samples. A rat model of vascular calcification was induced by vitamin D3 and nicotine (VDN) to validate the effect of propionate. Differences in the intestinal microbiota were analysed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Faecal microbiota transplantation and Akkermansia muciniphila transplantation experiments were performed to evaluate the functions of the intestinal microbiota. RESULTS The results of the observational cohort study revealed that the levels of SCFAs (particularly propionate) in both blood and faecal samples independently correlated negatively with calcification scores (P < 0.01). To verify the activities of propionate, it was provided to VDN-treated rats, and oral or rectal propionate delivery reshaped the intestinal microbiota, resulted in elevated SCFA production, improved intestinal barrier function and alleviated inflammation, ultimately ameliorating vascular calcification. Furthermore, we demonstrated that transplantation of the propionate-modulated intestinal microbiota induced beneficial outcomes similar to those with oral or rectal propionate administration. Interestingly, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) revealed that oral or rectal propionate administration and propionate-modulated intestinal microbiota transplantation both enriched primarily Akkermansia. Subsequently, we demonstrated that Akkermansia supplementation could ameliorate VDN-induced vascular calcification in rats. CONCLUSIONS Propionate can significantly ameliorate vascular calcification in VDN-treated rats, and this effect is mediated by intestinal microbiota remodelling. The findings in our study indicate that the intestinal tract-vessel axis is a promising target for alleviating vascular calcification. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanbin Pan
- Department of health management center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenming Shao
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongning Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqiong He
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongshun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Tangzhiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhefeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenmin Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shaohong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
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22
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Butyrate-producing colonic clostridia: picky glycan utilization specialists. Essays Biochem 2022; 67:415-428. [PMID: 36350044 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Butyrate-producing human gut microbiota members are recognized for their strong association with a healthy immune-homeostasis and protection from inflammatory disorders and colorectal cancer. These effects are attributed to butyrate, the terminal electron sink of glycan fermentation by prevalent and abundant colonic Firmicutes from the Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospiraceae families. Remarkably, our insight into the glycan utilization mechanisms and preferences of butyrogenic Firmicutes remains very limited as compared with other gut symbionts, especially from the Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus genera. Here, we summarize recent findings on the strategies that colonic butyrate producers have evolved to harvest energy from major dietary fibres, especially plant structural and storage glycans, such as resistant starch, xylans, and mannans. Besides dietary fibre, we also present the unexpected discovery of a conserved protein apparatus that confers the growth of butyrate producers on human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are unique to mother’s milk. The dual dietary fibre/HMO utilization machinery attests the adaptation of this group to both the infant and adult guts. These finding are discussed in relation to the early colonization of butyrogenic bacteria and the maturation of the microbiota during the transition from mother’s milk to solid food. To date, the described butyrogenic Firmicutes are glycan utilization specialists that target only a few glycans in a highly competitive manner relying on co-regulated glycan utilization loci. We describe the common pillars of this machinery, highlighting butyrate producers as a source for discovery of biochemically and structurally novel carbohydrate active enzymes.
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23
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Abstract
Despite a short history since its first isolation, Akkermansia muciniphila has been extensively studied in relation to its effects on human metabolism. A recent human intervention study also demonstrated that the bacterium is safe to use for therapeutic purposes. The best-known effects of A. muciniphila in human health and disease relate to its ability to strengthen gut integrity, modulate insulin resistance, and protect the host from metabolic inflammation. A further molecular mechanism, induction of GLP-1 secretion through ICAM-2 receptor, was recently discovered with the identification of a new bacterial protein produced by A. muciniphila. However, other studies have suggested a detrimental role for A. muciniphila in specific host immune settings. Here, we evaluate the molecular, mechanistic effects of A. muciniphila in host health and suggest some of the missing links to be connected before the organism should be considered as a next-generation biotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Si
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyena Kang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju You
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,CONTACT Hyun Ju You Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Center for Human and Environmental Microbiome, Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,KoBioLabs, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Bio, Seoul National UniversityBio-MAX/N-, Seoul, Republic of Korea,GwangPyo Ko Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
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24
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Lee Y, Byeon HR, Jang SY, Hong MG, Kim D, Lee D, Shin JH, Kim Y, Kang SG, Seo JG. Oral administration of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila strains from humans improves atopic dermatitis symptoms in DNCB induced NC/Nga mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7324. [PMID: 35513696 PMCID: PMC9072367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease, and its pathogenesis is closely associated with microbial homeostasis in the gut, namely the gut-skin axis. Particularly, recent metagenomics studies revealed that the abundance of two major bacterial species in the gut, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila, may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD, but the effect of these species in AD has not yet been elucidated. To evaluate the potential beneficial effect of F. prausnitzii or A. muciniphila in AD, we conducted an animal model study where F. prausnitzii EB-FPDK11 or A. muciniphila EB-AMDK19, isolated from humans, was orally administered to 2,5-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD models using NC/Nga mice at a daily dose of 108 CFUs/mouse for six weeks. As a result, the administration of each strain of F. prausnitzii and A. muciniphila improved AD-related markers, such as dermatitis score, scratching behavior, and serum immunoglobulin E level. Also, the F. prausnitzii and A. muciniphila treatments decreased the level of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), triggering the production of T helper (Th) 2 cytokines, and improved the imbalance between the Th1 and Th2 immune responses induced by DNCB. Meanwhile, the oral administration of the bacteria enhanced the production of filaggrin in the skin and ZO-1 in the gut barrier, leading to the recovery of functions. Taken together, our findings suggest that F. prausnitzii EB-FPDK11 and A. muciniphila EB-AMDK19 have a therapeutic potential in AD, which should be verified in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonmi Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Korea
| | - Hye Rim Byeon
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Korea
| | - Seo-Yul Jang
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Korea
| | - Moon-Gi Hong
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Korea
| | - Dohak Kim
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Shin
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Korea
| | - Yesol Kim
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Goo Kang
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jae-Gu Seo
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Korea.
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25
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Puntillo M, Segli F, Champagne CP, Raymond Y, Vinderola G. Functional Microbes and Their Incorporation into Foods and Food Supplements: Probiotics and Postbiotics. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2022; 13:385-407. [PMID: 35333590 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-052720-011545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Life expectancy has dramatically increased over the past 200 years, but modern life factors such as environmental exposure, antibiotic overuse, C-section deliveries, limited breast-feeding, and diets poor in fibers and microbes could be associated with the rise of noncommunicable diseases such as overweight, obesity, diabetes, food allergies, and colorectal cancer as well as other conditions such as mental disorders. Microbial interventions that range from transplanting a whole undefined microbial community from a healthy gut to an ill one, e.g., so-called fecal microbiota transplantation or vaginal seeding, to the administration of selected well-characterized microbes, either live (probiotics) or not (postbiotics), with efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials, may be effective tools to treat or prevent acute and chronic diseases that humans still face, enhancing the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Puntillo
- Instituto de Lactología Industrial (CONICET-UNL), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina;
| | - Franco Segli
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Claude P Champagne
- Research and Development Centre of Saint-Hyacinthe, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves Raymond
- Research and Development Centre of Saint-Hyacinthe, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Vinderola
- Instituto de Lactología Industrial (CONICET-UNL), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina;
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26
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Bloom PP, Luévano JM, Miller KJ, Chung RT. Deep stool microbiome analysis in cirrhosis reveals an association between short-chain fatty acids and hepatic encephalopathy. Ann Hepatol 2022; 25:100333. [PMID: 33621653 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2021.100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complication of cirrhosis linked to the microbiome. We aimed to characterize the fecal microbiome of patients with prior and future overt HE, and explore the relationship between fecal species, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and ammonia on HE pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive inpatients and outpatients with cirrhosis were recruited. A single stool sample was collected and underwent shallow shotgun sequencing, and SCFA and ammonia quantification. Patients were followed until the end of the study period. Prior and new overt HE was diagnosed by the treating hepatologist. RESULTS Forty-nine patients with cirrhosis, mean MELD-Na 20 (SD = 9) and 33 (67%) with a history of OHE provided a stool sample. Over a median 85 days of follow up (interquartile range 34-181 days), 16 developed an OHE episode. Eight fecal bacterial species were associated with a history of OHE, and no species predicted future OHE. Bacterial species positively associated with SCFA content were inversely related to cirrhosis disease severity. Patients with a history of OHE had lower concentrations of 6 fecal SCFAs. Fecal ammonia concentrations were similar between those with and without a history of OHE (273 μmol/g ± 214 vs. 327 ± 234, P = 0.43). CONCLUSIONS We found 8 fecal species and 6 SCFAs linked to OHE. Many of the species inversely linked to OHE also have an association with SCFA production. Further work is needed to detail this relationship and to develop targeted interventions to treat HE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús M Luévano
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, United States; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | | | - Raymond T Chung
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, United States; Liver Center, Gastroenterology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States.
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27
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Qin Y, Havulinna AS, Liu Y, Jousilahti P, Ritchie SC, Tokolyi A, Sanders JG, Valsta L, Brożyńska M, Zhu Q, Tripathi A, Vázquez-Baeza Y, Loomba R, Cheng S, Jain M, Niiranen T, Lahti L, Knight R, Salomaa V, Inouye M, Méric G. Combined effects of host genetics and diet on human gut microbiota and incident disease in a single population cohort. Nat Genet 2022; 54:134-142. [PMID: 35115689 PMCID: PMC9883041 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00991-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Human genetic variation affects the gut microbiota through a complex combination of environmental and host factors. Here we characterize genetic variations associated with microbial abundances in a single large-scale population-based cohort of 5,959 genotyped individuals with matched gut microbial metagenomes, and dietary and health records (prevalent and follow-up). We identified 567 independent SNP-taxon associations. Variants at the LCT locus associated with Bifidobacterium and other taxa, but they differed according to dairy intake. Furthermore, levels of Faecalicatena lactaris associated with ABO, and suggested preferential utilization of secreted blood antigens as energy source in the gut. Enterococcus faecalis levels associated with variants in the MED13L locus, which has been linked to colorectal cancer. Mendelian randomization analysis indicated a potential causal effect of Morganella on major depressive disorder, consistent with observational incident disease analysis. Overall, we identify and characterize the intricate nature of host-microbiota interactions and their association with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Qin
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM-HiLIFE, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yang Liu
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Scott C Ritchie
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alex Tokolyi
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Jon G Sanders
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Institute for Host-Microbe Interaction and Disease, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Liisa Valsta
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marta Brożyńska
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anupriya Tripathi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Inouye
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus & University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK.
| | - Guillaume Méric
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Abstract
The increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases has become a severe public health problem. Gut microbiota play important roles in maintaining human health by modulating the host's metabolism. Recent evidences demonstrate that Akkermansia muciniphila is effective in improving metabolic disorders and is thus considered as a promising "next-generation beneficial microbe". In addition to the live A. muciniphila, similar or even stronger beneficial effects have been observed in pasteurized A. muciniphila and its components, including the outer membrane protein Amuc_1100, A. muciniphila-derived extracellular vesicles (AmEVs), and secreted protein P9. Hence, this paper presents a systemic review of recent progress in the effects and mechanisms of A. muciniphila and its components in the treatment of metabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as perspectives on its future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Lili Sheng
| | - Houkai Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,CONTACT Houkai Li Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
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Abstract
Symbiotic microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract promote health by decreasing susceptibility to infection and enhancing resistance to a range of diseases. In this Review, we discuss our increasing understanding of the impact of the microbiome on the mammalian host and recent efforts to culture and characterize intestinal symbiotic microorganisms that produce or modify metabolites that impact disease pathology. Manipulation of the intestinal microbiome has great potential to reduce the incidence and/or severity of a wide range of human conditions and diseases, and the biomedical research community now faces the challenge of translating our understanding of the microbiome into beneficial medical therapies. Our increasing understanding of symbiotic microbial species and the application of ecological principles and machine learning are providing exciting opportunities for microbiome-based therapeutics to progress from faecal microbiota transplantation to the administration of precisely defined and clinically validated symbiotic microbial consortia that optimize disease resistance.
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Candida tropicalis Infection Modulates the Gut Microbiome and Confers Enhanced Susceptibility to Colitis in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:901-923. [PMID: 34890843 PMCID: PMC8804274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We previously showed that abundance of Candida tropicalis is significantly greater in Crohn's disease patients compared with first-degree relatives without Crohn's disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effects and mechanisms of action of C tropicalis infection on intestinal inflammation and injury in mice. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with C tropicalis, and colitis was induced by administration of dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water. Disease severity and intestinal permeability subsequently were evaluated by endoscopy, histology, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, as well as 16S ribosomal RNA and NanoString analyses (NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA). RESULTS Infected mice showed more severe colitis, with alterations in gut mucosal helper T cells (Th)1 and Th17 cytokine expression, and an increased frequency of mesenteric lymph node-derived group 2 innate lymphoid cells compared with uninfected controls. Gut microbiome composition, including changes in the mucin-degrading bacteria, Akkermansia muciniphila and Ruminococcus gnavus, was altered significantly, as was expression of several genes affecting intestinal epithelial homeostasis in isolated colonoids, after C tropicalis infection compared with uninfected controls. In line with these findings, fecal microbiome transplantation of germ-free recipient mice using infected vs uninfected donors showed altered expression of several tight-junction proteins and increased susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS C tropicalis induces dysbiosis that involves changes in the presence of mucin-degrading bacteria, leading to altered tight junction protein expression with increased intestinal permeability and followed by induction of robust Th1/Th17 responses, which ultimately lead to an accelerated proinflammatory phenotype in experimental colitic mice.
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Li CC, Tang XY, Zhu YB, Song YJ, Zhao NL, Huang Q, Mou XY, Luo GH, Liu TG, Tong AP, Tang H, Bao R. Structural analysis of the sulfatase AmAS from Akkermansia muciniphila. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:1614-1623. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798321010317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila, an anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium, is a major intestinal commensal bacterium that can modulate the host immune response. It colonizes the mucosal layer and produces nutrients for the gut mucosa and other commensal bacteria. It is believed that mucin desulfation is the rate-limiting step in the mucin-degradation process, and bacterial sulfatases that carry out mucin desulfation have been well studied. However, little is known about the structural characteristics of A. muciniphila sulfatases. Here, the crystal structure of the premature form of the A. muciniphila sulfatase AmAS was determined. Structural analysis combined with docking experiments defined the critical active-site residues that are responsible for catalysis. The loop regions I–V were proposed to be essential for substrate binding. Structure-based sequence alignment and structural superposition allow further elucidation of how different subclasses of formylglycine-dependent sulfatases (FGly sulfatases) adopt the same catalytic mechanism but exhibit diverse substrate specificities. These results advance the understanding of the substrate-recognition mechanisms of A. muciniphila FGly-type sulfatases. Structural variations around the active sites account for the different substrate-binding properties. These results will enhance the understanding of the roles of bacterial sulfatases in the metabolism of glycans and host–microbe interactions in the human gut environment.
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Utilization efficiency of human milk oligosaccharides by human-associated Akkermansia is strain-dependent. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 88:e0148721. [PMID: 34669436 PMCID: PMC8752153 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01487-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila are mucin degrading bacteria found in the human gut and are often associated with positive human health. However, despite being detected as early as one month of age, little is known about the role of Akkermansia in the infant gut. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are abundant components of human milk and are structurally similar to the oligosaccharides that comprise mucin, the preferred growth substrate of human-associated Akkermansia. A limited subset of intestinal bacteria has been shown to grow well on HMOs and mucin. We therefore examined the ability of genomically diverse strains of Akkermansia to grow on HMOs. First, we screened 85 genomes representing the four known Akkermansia phylogroups to examine their metabolic potential to degrade HMOs. Furthermore, we examined the ability of representative isolates to grow on individual HMOs in a mucin background and analyzed the resulting metabolites. All Akkermansia genomes were equipped with an array of glycoside hydrolases associated with HMO-deconstruction. Representative strains were all able to grow on HMOs with varying efficiency and growth yield. Strain CSUN-19 belonging to the AmIV phylogroup, grew to the highest level in the presence of fucosylated and sialylated HMOs. This activity may be partially related to the increased copy numbers and/or the enzyme activities of the α-fucosidases, α-sialidases, and β-galactosidases. This examines the utilization of individual purified HMOs by Akkermansia strains representing all known phylogroups. Further studies are required to examine how HMO ingestion influences gut microbial ecology in infants harboring different Akkermansia phylogroups. Importance Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are the third most abundant component of breast milk and provide several benefits to developing infants including recruitment of beneficial bacteria to the human gut. Akkermansia are largely considered beneficial bacteria and have been detected in colostrum, breast milk, and young infants. A. muciniphila MucT belonging to the AmI phylogroup contribute to the HMO deconstruction capacity of the infant. Here, using phylogenomics, we examined the genomic capacity of four Akkermansia phylogroups to deconstruct HMOs. Indeed, each phylogroup contained differences in the genomic capacity to deconstruct HMOs and representative strains of each phylogroup were able to grow using HMOs. These Akkermansia-HMO interactions potentially influence gut microbial ecology in early life - a critical time for the development of the gut microbiome and infant health.
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Akkermansia muciniphila fermentation culture based on a novel bionic large intestine dynamic digestion model. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lim JJ, Dutta M, Dempsey JL, Lehmler HJ, MacDonald J, Bammler T, Walker C, Kavanagh TJ, Gu H, Mani S, Cui JY. Neonatal Exposure to BPA, BDE-99, and PCB Produces Persistent Changes in Hepatic Transcriptome Associated With Gut Dysbiosis in Adult Mouse Livers. Toxicol Sci 2021; 184:83-103. [PMID: 34453844 PMCID: PMC8557404 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that complex diseases can result from early life exposure to environmental toxicants. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and remain a continuing risk to human health despite being banned from production. Developmental BPA exposure mediated-adult onset of liver cancer via epigenetic reprogramming mechanisms has been identified. Here, we investigated whether the gut microbiome and liver can be persistently reprogrammed following neonatal exposure to POPs, and the associations between microbial biomarkers and disease-prone changes in the hepatic transcriptome in adulthood, compared with BPA. C57BL/6 male and female mouse pups were orally administered vehicle, BPA, BDE-99 (a breast milk-enriched PBDE congener), or the Fox River PCB mixture (PCBs), once daily for three consecutive days (postnatal days [PND] 2-4). Tissues were collected at PND5 and PND60. Among the three chemicals investigated, early life exposure to BDE-99 produced the most prominent developmental reprogramming of the gut-liver axis, including hepatic inflammatory and cancer-prone signatures. In adulthood, neonatal BDE-99 exposure resulted in a persistent increase in Akkermansia muciniphila throughout the intestine, accompanied by increased hepatic levels of acetate and succinate, the known products of A. muciniphila. In males, this was positively associated with permissive epigenetic marks H3K4me1 and H3K27, which were enriched in loci near liver cancer-related genes that were dysregulated following neonatal exposure to BDE-99. Our findings provide novel insights that early life exposure to POPs can have a life-long impact on disease risk, which may partly be regulated by the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Jongpyo Lim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Moumita Dutta
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joseph L Dempsey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Center for Microbiome Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - James MacDonald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Theo Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cheryl Walker
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Terrance J Kavanagh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Pheonix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. E-mail:
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Agustí A, Campillo I, Balzano T, Benítez-Páez A, López-Almela I, Romaní-Pérez M, Forteza J, Felipo V, Avena NM, Sanz Y. Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 Modulates the Brain Reward Response to Reduce Binge Eating and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:4959-4979. [PMID: 34228269 PMCID: PMC8497301 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02462-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Food addiction (FA) is characterized by behavioral and neurochemical changes linked to loss of food intake control. Gut microbiota may influence appetite and food intake via endocrine and neural routes. The gut microbiota is known to impact homeostatic energy mechanisms, but its role in regulating the reward system is less certain. We show that the administration of Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 (B. uniformis) in a rat FA model impacts on the brain reward response, ameliorating binge eating and decreasing anxiety-like behavior. These effects are mediated, at least in part, by changes in the levels of dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline in the nucleus accumbens and in the expression of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the prefrontal cortex and intestine. B. uniformis reverses the fasting-induced microbiota changes and increases the abundance of species linked to healthy metabolotypes. Our data indicate that microbiota-based interventions might help to control compulsive overeating by modulating the reward response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Agustí
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Isabel Campillo
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Tiziano Balzano
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Benítez-Páez
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada López-Almela
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Romaní-Pérez
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Forteza
- Instituto Valenciano de Patología Unidad Mixta de Patología Molecular, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe/Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nicole M Avena
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
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Hagi T, Belzer C. The interaction of Akkermansia muciniphila with host-derived substances, bacteria and diets. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4833-4841. [PMID: 34125276 PMCID: PMC8236039 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Trillions of microbes inhabit the human gut and build extremely complex communities. Gut microbes contribute to host metabolisms for better or worse and are widely studied and associated with health and disease. Akkermansia muciniphila is a gut microbiota member, which uses mucin as both carbon and nitrogen sources. Many studies on A. muciniphila have been conducted since this unique bacterium was first described in 2004. A. muciniphila can play an important role in our health because of its beneficial effects, such as improving type II diabetes and obesity and anti-inflammation. A. muciniphila establishes its position as a next-generation probiotic. Besides the effect of A. muciniphila on host health, a technique for boosting has been investigated. In this review, we show what factors can modulate the abundance of A. muciniphila focusing on the interaction with host-derived substances, other bacteria and diets. This review also refers to the possibility of the interaction between medicine and A. muciniphila; this will open up future treatment strategies that can increase A. muciniphila abundance in the gut. Key points • Host-derived substances such as bile, microRNA and melatonin as well as mucin have beneficial effects on A. muciniphila. • Gut and probiotic bacteria and diet ingredients such as carbohydrates and phytochemicals could boost the abundance of A. muciniphila. • Several medicines could affect the growth of A. muciniphila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Hagi
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0901, Japan.
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Pastille E, Faßnacht T, Adamczyk A, Ngo Thi Phuong N, Buer J, Westendorf AM. Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling Impedes Tumor Growth in Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:669747. [PMID: 34025672 PMCID: PMC8138317 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from ulcerative colitis are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Although the exact underlying mechanisms of inflammation-associated carcinogenesis remain unknown, the intestinal microbiota as well as pathogenic bacteria are discussed as contributors to inflammation and colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). In the present study, we analyzed the impact of TLR4, the receptor for Gram-negative bacteria derived lipopolysaccharides, on intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis in a murine model of CAC. During the inflammatory phases of CAC development, we observed a strong upregulation of Tlr4 expression in colonic tissues. Blocking of TLR4 signaling by a small-molecule-specific inhibitor during the inflammatory phases of CAC strongly diminished the development and progression of colonic tumors, which was accompanied by decreased numbers of infiltrating macrophages and reduced colonic pro-inflammatory cytokine levels compared to CAC control mice. Interestingly, inhibiting bacterial signaling by antibiotic treatment during the inflammatory phases of CAC also protected mice from severe intestinal inflammation and almost completely prevented tumor growth. Nevertheless, application of antibiotics involved rapid and severe body weight loss and might have unwanted side effects. Our results indicate that bacterial activation of TLR4 on innate immune cells in the colon triggers inflammation and promotes tumor growth. Thus, the inhibition of the TLR4 signaling during intestinal inflammation might be a novel approach to impede CAC development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Astrid M. Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Alemao CA, Budden KF, Gomez HM, Rehman SF, Marshall JE, Shukla SD, Donovan C, Forster SC, Yang IA, Keely S, Mann ER, El Omar EM, Belz GT, Hansbro PM. Impact of diet and the bacterial microbiome on the mucous barrier and immune disorders. Allergy 2021; 76:714-734. [PMID: 32762040 DOI: 10.1111/all.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic immune and metabolic disorders is increasing rapidly. In particular, inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity, diabetes, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have become major healthcare and economic burdens worldwide. Recent advances in microbiome research have led to significant discoveries of associative links between alterations in the microbiome and health, as well as these chronic supposedly noncommunicable, immune/metabolic disorders. Importantly, the interplay between diet, microbiome and the mucous barrier in these diseases has gained significant attention. Diet modulates the mucous barrier via alterations in gut microbiota, resulting in either disease onset/exacerbation due to a "poor" diet or protection against disease with a "healthy" diet. In addition, many mucosa-associated disorders possess a specific gut microbiome fingerprint associated with the composition of the mucous barrier, which is further influenced by host-microbiome and inter-microbial interactions, dietary choices, microbe immigration and antimicrobials. Our review focuses on the interactions of diet (macronutrients and micronutrients), gut microbiota and mucous barriers (gastrointestinal and respiratory tract) and their importance in the onset and/or progression of major immune/metabolic disorders. We also highlight the key mechanisms that could be targeted therapeutically to prevent and/or treat these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A. Alemao
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton, Newcastle NSW Australia
- The University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Kurtis F. Budden
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton, Newcastle NSW Australia
- The University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Henry M. Gomez
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton, Newcastle NSW Australia
- The University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Saima F. Rehman
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton, Newcastle NSW Australia
- The University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Jacqueline E. Marshall
- Faculty of Science Centre for Inflammation Centenary Institute University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Shakti D. Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton, Newcastle NSW Australia
- The University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Faculty of Science Centre for Inflammation Centenary Institute University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Samuel C. Forster
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences Hudson Institute of Medical Research Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Ian A. Yang
- Thoracic Program The Prince Charles Hospital Metro North Hospital and Health Service Brisbane QLD Australia
- Faculty of Medicine UQ Thoracic Research Centre The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- Hunter Medical Research Institute Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology University of Newcastle New Lambton Heights NSW Australia
| | - Elizabeth R. Mann
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research Manchester Academic Health Science Centre University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Emad M. El Omar
- St George & Sutherland Clinical School Microbiome Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Gabrielle T. Belz
- Diamantina Institute University of Queensland Woolloongabba QLD Australia
- Department of Medical Biology Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton, Newcastle NSW Australia
- The University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Faculty of Science Centre for Inflammation Centenary Institute University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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Li Z, Hu G, Zhu L, Sun Z, Jiang Y, Gao MJ, Zhan X. Study of growth, metabolism, and morphology of Akkermansia muciniphila with an in vitro advanced bionic intestinal reactor. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:61. [PMID: 33622254 PMCID: PMC7901181 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a kind of potential probiotic, Akkermansia muciniphila abundance in human body is directly causally related to obesity, diabetes, inflammation and abnormal metabolism. In this study, A. muciniphila dynamic cultures using five different media were implemented in an in vitro bionic intestinal reactor for the first time instead of the traditional static culture using brain heart infusion broth (BHI) or BHI + porcine mucin (BPM). Results The biomass under dynamic culture using BPM reached 1.92 g/L, which improved 44.36% compared with the value under static culture using BPM. The biomass under dynamic culture using human mucin (HM) further increased to the highest level of 2.89 g/L. Under dynamic culture using porcine mucin (PM) and HM, the main metabolites were short-chain fatty acids (acetic acid and butyric acid), while using other media, a considerable amount of branched-chain fatty acids (isobutyric and isovaleric acids) were produced. Under dynamic culture Using HM, the cell diameters reached 999 nm, and the outer membrane protein concentration reached the highest level of 26.26 μg/mg. Conclusions This study provided a preliminary theoretical basis for the development of A. muciniphila as the next generation probiotic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02111-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guoao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Wuxi Galaxy Biotech Co. Ltd., Wuxi, 214125, China
| | - Zhenglong Sun
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Min-Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Wu G, Zhao N, Zhang C, Lam YY, Zhao L. Guild-based analysis for understanding gut microbiome in human health and diseases. Genome Med 2021; 13:22. [PMID: 33563315 PMCID: PMC7874449 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To demonstrate the causative role of gut microbiome in human health and diseases, we first need to identify, via next-generation sequencing, potentially important functional members associated with specific health outcomes and disease phenotypes. However, due to the strain-level genetic complexity of the gut microbiota, microbiome datasets are highly dimensional and highly sparse in nature, making it challenging to identify putative causative agents of a particular disease phenotype. Members of an ecosystem seldomly live independently from each other. Instead, they develop local interactions and form inter-member organizations to influence the ecosystem's higher-level patterns and functions. In the ecological study of macro-organisms, members are defined as belonging to the same "guild" if they exploit the same class of resources in a similar way or work together as a coherent functional group. Translating the concept of "guild" to the study of gut microbiota, we redefine guild as a group of bacteria that show consistent co-abundant behavior and likely to work together to contribute to the same ecological function. In this opinion article, we discuss how to use guilds as the aggregation unit to reduce dimensionality and sparsity in microbiome-wide association studies for identifying candidate gut bacteria that may causatively contribute to human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Wu
- Center for Nutrition, Microbiome and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Rutgers-Jiaotong Joint Laboratory for Microbiome and Human Health, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Naisi Zhao
- Center for Nutrition, Microbiome and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Chenhong Zhang
- Rutgers-Jiaotong Joint Laboratory for Microbiome and Human Health, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Y Lam
- Center for Nutrition, Microbiome and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Rutgers-Jiaotong Joint Laboratory for Microbiome and Human Health, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- Center for Nutrition, Microbiome and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. .,Rutgers-Jiaotong Joint Laboratory for Microbiome and Human Health, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. .,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Ryan JJ, Patno NM. Short-Term Tolerability, Safety, and Gut Microbial Composition Responses to a Multi-Strain Probiotic Supplement: An Open-Label Study in Healthy Adults. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2021; 20:24-34. [PMID: 34393673 PMCID: PMC8352413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are among the most commonly used dietary supplements and evidence of their efficacy is increasing. Despite the long historical use of probiotics, some experts suggest that additional research is necessary to understand their potential risks. OBJECTIVES Main aims of this study were to assess short-term tolerability and safety of a new, high colony-forming unit count, multi-strain probiotic supplement. Exploratory objectives included evaluating effects on gut microbial composition. METHODS Ten healthy adults were enrolled in a single-arm, open-label study. Over a 10-day period, participants consumed a once daily probiotic capsule (2.1 x 1011 CFU) containing Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37, Lactobacillus plantarum Lp-115, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07, Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04, and Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. The primary measure of tolerability pertained to whether or not participants completed the study. Secondary safety measures included clinical biomarkers from a routine metabolic panel and a complete blood count. Exploratory measures included stool microbiota counts. RESULTS All participants completed the study and there were no serious adverse events. All documented adverse events were prompted by the investigators and the most commonly reported symptoms were gastrointestinal. There was a single instance of a biomarker abnormality in one individual. Overall, decreases in total bilirubin and aspartate aminotransferase, and increases in stool levels of Lactobacillus species, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Akkermansia muciniphila (P < .05) were observed over the course of the study. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest the multi-strain probiotic supplement was well-tolerated and most likely safe. Changes in liver function measures suggest the probiotics could potentially impact liver health. Stool microbiota changes suggest the probiotic could potentially impact gut health by affecting levels of intestinal microbiota that have been described as bioindicators of health and potential keystone species. However, additional research is necessary to follow up on the exploratory findings of this preliminary work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Joan Ryan
- investigator and adjunct faculty at the Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Noelle M. Patno
- Digestive Health Therapeutic Platform Lead at Metagenics, Inc in Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
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Mucin as a Functional Niche is a More Important Driver of in Vitro Gut Microbiota Composition and Functionality than Supplementation of Akkermansia m uciniphila. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.02647-20. [PMID: 33277271 PMCID: PMC7851700 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02647-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE SECTION Research into identification of biomarkers for gut health and ways to modulate the microbiota composition and activity to improve health, has put Akkermansia muciniphila in the spotlight. As a mucin degrader, A. muciniphila colonizes the interesting but not-fully described host-glycan degradation niche., . Plenty of research concerning A. muciniphila has been done, but little is known about its behavior in the complex microbial ecosystem in the colon, about the potential role of mucins to influence A. muciniphila behavior and the impact of its probiotic administration on the microbial ecosystem.This study aimed at investigating the impact of A. muciniphila administration on the endogenous community while also taking into account its nutritional specificity. As such, the effect of A.mucinihpila administration was investigated with and without addition of mucin. This allowed us to elucidate the importance of mucin presence to modulate the efficiency of the probiotic supplementation with A. muciniphila Akkermansia muciniphila is an abundantly present commensal mucin degrading gut bacterium (1 - 4%) , widely distributed among healthy individuals. It has been positioned as a health biomarker and is currently explored as a biotherapeutic agent and next generation probiotic. Preliminary and ongoing research is mostly based on in vivo mouse models and human intervention trials. While these allow the assessment of physiologically relevant endpoints, the analysis of fecal samples presents limitations with respect to the in-depth mechanistic characterization of Akkermansia effects at the level of the microbiome. We aimed to evaluate the effect of A. muciniphila treatment on the endogenous community from four different donors in a validated, controlled in vitro model of the gut microbial ecosystem (SHIME). Taking into account the nutritional specificity of A. muciniphila, and the prebiotic-like action of mucins in the colon environment, the interplay between mucin, A. muciniphila and the endogenous community was investigated. The effects on the microbial community composition and functionality of A. muciniphila supplementation without mucin were limited, whereas mucin addition successfully induced compositional and metabolic changes in the gut microbiota. Indeed, mucin addition resulted in significantly higher acetate, propionate and butyrate production for all four donors, and the increase of several species, including A. muciniphila, Ruminococcus, Clostridium cluster XIVa, and Lachnospiraceae This study revealed that the supplementation of A. muciniphila together with mucin limited the observed prebiotic-like effect of mucin in inducing compositional changes.
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Lee JS, Wang RX, Alexeev EE, Colgan SP. Intestinal Inflammation as a Dysbiosis of Energy Procurement: New Insights into an Old Topic. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1-20. [PMID: 33583319 PMCID: PMC7889129 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1880241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) coincides with profound shifts in microbiota and host metabolic energy supply and demand. The gastrointestinal epithelium is anatomically positioned to provide a selective barrier between the anaerobic luminal microbiota and host lamina propria, with the microbiota and epithelium participating in an intricate energy exchange necessary for homeostasis. Maintenance and restoration of the barrier requires high energy flux and places significant demands on available substrates to generate ATP. It is recently appreciated that components of the microbiota contribute significantly to a multitude of biochemical pathways within and outside of the mucosa. Decades-old studies have appreciated that byproducts of the microbiota provide essential sources of energy to the intestinal epithelium, especially the colon. More recent work has unveiled the existence of numerous microbial-derived metabolites that support energy procurement within the mucosa. It is now appreciated that disease-associated shifts in the microbiota, termed dysbiosis, places significant demands on energy acquisition within the mucosa. Here, we review the topic of host- and microbial-derived components that influence tissue energetics in health and during disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Scott Lee
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Ruth X. Wang
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Erica E. Alexeev
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
- Department of Gastroenterology, Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
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Mabwi HA, Kim E, Song DG, Yoon HS, Pan CH, Komba E, Ko G, Cha KH. Synthetic gut microbiome: Advances and challenges. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 19:363-371. [PMID: 33489006 PMCID: PMC7787941 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An exponential rise in studies regarding the association among human gut microbial communities, human health, and diseases is currently attracting the attention of researchers to focus on human gut microbiome research. However, even with the ever-growing number of studies on the human gut microbiome, translation into improved health is progressing slowly. This hampering is due to the complexities of the human gut microbiome, which is composed of >1,000 species of microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. To overcome this complexity, it is necessary to reduce the gut microbiome, which can help simplify experimental variables to an extent, such that they can be deliberately manipulated and controlled. Reconstruction of synthetic or established gut microbial communities would make it easier to understand the structure, stability, and functional activities of the complex microbial community of the human gut. Here, we provide an overview of the developments and challenges of the synthetic human gut microbiome, and propose the incorporation of multi-omics and mathematical methods in a better synthetic gut ecosystem design, for easy translation of microbiome information to therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humphrey A. Mabwi
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - Eunjung Kim
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Geun Song
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Shin Yoon
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Erick.V.G. Komba
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human and Environmental Microbiome, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- KoBioLabs, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Cha
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
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Identification of a Novel Cobamide Remodeling Enzyme in the Beneficial Human Gut Bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila. mBio 2020; 11:mBio.02507-20. [PMID: 33293380 PMCID: PMC7733943 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02507-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cobamides, comprising the vitamin B12 family of cobalt-containing cofactors, are required for metabolism in all domains of life, including most bacteria. Cobamides have structural variability in the lower ligand, and selectivity for particular cobamides has been observed in most organisms studied to date. The beneficial human gut bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila provides metabolites to other members of the gut microbiota by breaking down host mucin, but most of its other metabolic functions have not been investigated. A. muciniphila strain MucT is known to use cobamides, the vitamin B12 family of cofactors with structural diversity in the lower ligand. However, A. muciniphila MucT is unable to synthesize cobamides de novo, and the specific forms that can be used by A. muciniphila have not been examined. We found that the levels of growth of A. muciniphila MucT were nearly identical with each of seven cobamides tested, in contrast to nearly all bacteria that had been studied previously. Unexpectedly, this promiscuity is due to cobamide remodeling—the removal and replacement of the lower ligand—despite the absence of the canonical remodeling enzyme CbiZ in A. muciniphila. We identified a novel enzyme, CbiR, that is capable of initiating the remodeling process by hydrolyzing the phosphoribosyl bond in the nucleotide loop of cobamides. CbiR does not share similarity with other cobamide remodeling enzymes or B12-binding domains and is instead a member of the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease 2 enzyme superfamily. We speculate that CbiR enables bacteria to repurpose cobamides that they cannot otherwise use in order to grow under cobamide-requiring conditions; this function was confirmed by heterologous expression of cbiR in Escherichia coli. Homologs of CbiR are found in over 200 microbial taxa across 22 phyla, suggesting that many bacteria may use CbiR to gain access to the diverse cobamides present in their environment.
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Lebas M, Garault P, Carrillo D, Codoñer FM, Derrien M. Metabolic Response of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii to Cell-Free Supernatants from Lactic Acid Bacteria. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101528. [PMID: 33027936 PMCID: PMC7650636 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in preventive or therapeutic strategies targeting gut microbiota is increasing. Such strategies may involve the direct replenishment of the gut microbiota with single strains or strain mixtures, or the manipulation of strain abundance through dietary intervention, including lactic acid bacteria. A few candidate species associated with health benefits have been identified, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Given its growth requirements, modulation of this bacterium has not been extensively studied. In this investigation, we explored the capacity of cell-free supernatants of different Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, and Bifidobacterium strains to stimulate the growth of F. prausnitzii A2-165. Modulation by four strains with the greatest capacity to stimulate growth or delay lysis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis CNCM I-1631, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris CNCM I-3558, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-3689, and Streptococcus thermophilus CNCM I-3862, was further characterized by transcriptomics. The response of F. prausnitzii to cell-free supernatants from these four strains revealed several shared characteristics, in particular, upregulation of carbohydrate metabolism and cell wall-related genes and downregulation of replication and mobilome genes. Overall, this study suggests differential responses of F. prausnitzii to metabolites produced by different strains, providing protection against cell death, with an increase in peptidoglycan levels for cell wall formation, and reduced cell mobilome activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Lebas
- Danone Nutricia Research, RD 128 Avenue de la Vauve, 91767 Palaiseau Cédex, France; (M.L.); (P.G.)
| | - Peggy Garault
- Danone Nutricia Research, RD 128 Avenue de la Vauve, 91767 Palaiseau Cédex, France; (M.L.); (P.G.)
| | - Daniel Carrillo
- Archer Daniels Midland Co-Biopolis ADM Nutrition, C/Catedratico Agustin Escardino num 9 Edif 2, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Francisco M. Codoñer
- Archer Daniels Midland Co-Biopolis ADM Nutrition, C/Catedratico Agustin Escardino num 9 Edif 2, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain;
- Present Address: Danone Nutricia Research, 30th Biopolis Street Matrix Building, Singapore 138671, Singapore
- Correspondence: (F.M.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Muriel Derrien
- Danone Nutricia Research, RD 128 Avenue de la Vauve, 91767 Palaiseau Cédex, France; (M.L.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence: (F.M.C.); (M.D.)
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47
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Cha KH, Yang JS, Kim KA, Yoon KY, Song DG, Erdene-Ochir E, Kang K, Pan CH, Ko G. Improvement in host metabolic homeostasis and alteration in gut microbiota in mice on the high-fat diet: A comparison of calcium supplements. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Isnard S, Lin J, Fombuena B, Ouyang J, Varin TV, Richard C, Marette A, Ramendra R, Planas D, Raymond Marchand L, Messaoudene M, Van der Ley CP, Kema IP, Sohail Ahmed D, Zhang Y, Finkelman M, Routy B, Angel J, Ancuta P, Routy JP. Repurposing Metformin in Nondiabetic People With HIV: Influence on Weight and Gut Microbiota. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa338. [PMID: 32964062 PMCID: PMC7489545 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People with HIV (PWH) taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) may experience weight gain, dyslipidemia, increased risk of non-AIDS comorbidities, and long-term alteration of the gut microbiota. Both low CD4/CD8 ratio and chronic inflammation have been associated with changes in the gut microbiota of PWH. The antidiabetic drug metformin has been shown to improve gut microbiota composition while decreasing weight and inflammation in diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. Nevertheless, it remains unknown whether metformin may benefit PWH receiving ART, especially those with a low CD4/CD8 ratio. Methods In the Lilac pilot trial, we recruited 23 nondiabetic PWH receiving ART for more than 2 years with a low CD4/CD8 ratio (<0.7). Blood and stool samples were collected during study visits at baseline, after a 12-week metformin treatment, and 12 weeks after discontinuation. Microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing, and markers of inflammation were assessed in plasma. Results Metformin decreased weight in PWH, and weight loss was inversely correlated with plasma levels of the satiety factor GDF-15. Furthermore, metformin changed the gut microbiota composition by increasing the abundance of anti-inflammatory bacteria such as butyrate-producing species and the protective Akkermansia muciniphila. Conclusions Our study provides the first evidence that a 12-week metformin treatment decreased weight and favored anti-inflammatory bacteria abundance in the microbiota of nondiabetic ART-treated PWH. Larger randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials with longer metformin treatment will be needed to further investigate the role of metformin in reducing inflammation and the risk of non-AIDS comorbidities in ART-treated PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Isnard
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John Lin
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Brandon Fombuena
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Thibault V Varin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Corentin Richard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Rayoun Ramendra
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Delphine Planas
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Meriem Messaoudene
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Claude P Van der Ley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ido P Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Darakhshan Sohail Ahmed
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yonglong Zhang
- Associates of Cape Cod Inc., Falmouth, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Bertrand Routy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Division of Medicine, Department of Hemato-Oncology, University of Montreal Healthcare Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Angel
- The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Petronela Ancuta
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Li L, Figeys D. Proteomics and Metaproteomics Add Functional, Taxonomic and Biomass Dimensions to Modeling the Ecosystem at the Mucosal-luminal Interface. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1409-1417. [PMID: 32581040 PMCID: PMC8143649 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.r120.002051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent efforts in gut microbiome studies have highlighted the importance of explicitly describing the ecological processes beyond correlative analysis. However, we are still at the early stage of understanding the organizational principles of the gut ecosystem, partially because of the limited information provided by currently used analytical tools in ecological modeling practices. Proteomics and metaproteomics can provide a number of insights for ecological studies, including biomass, matter and energy flow, and functional diversity. In this Mini Review, we discuss proteomics and metaproteomics-based experimental strategies that can contribute to studying the ecology, in particular at the mucosal-luminal interface (MLI) where the direct host-microbiome interaction happens. These strategies include isolation protocols for different MLI components, enrichment methods to obtain designated array of proteins, probing for specific pathways, and isotopic labeling for tracking nutrient flow. Integration of these technologies can generate spatiotemporal and site-specific biological information that supports mathematical modeling of the ecosystem at the MLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Daniel Figeys
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
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50
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Akkermansia muciniphila uses human milk oligosaccharides to thrive in the early life conditions in vitro. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14330. [PMID: 32868839 PMCID: PMC7459334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is a well-studied anaerobic bacterium specialized in mucus degradation and associated with human health. Because of the structural resemblance of mucus glycans and free human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), we studied the ability of A. muciniphila to utilize human milk oligosaccharides. We found that A. muciniphila was able to grow on human milk and degrade HMOs. Analyses of the proteome of A. muciniphila indicated that key-glycan degrading enzymes were expressed when the bacterium was grown on human milk. Our results display the functionality of the key-glycan degrading enzymes (α-l-fucosidases, β-galactosidases, exo-α-sialidases and β-acetylhexosaminidases) to degrade the HMO-structures 2′-FL, LNT, lactose, and LNT2. The hydrolysation of the host-derived glycan structures allows A. muciniphila to promote syntrophy with other beneficial bacteria, contributing in that way to a microbial ecological network in the gut. Thus, the capacity of A. muciniphila to utilize human milk will enable its survival in the early life intestine and colonization of the mucosal layer in early life, warranting later life mucosal and metabolic health.
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