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Sonkar R, Ma H, Waxman DJ. Steatotic liver disease induced by TCPOBOP-activated hepatic constitutive androstane receptor: primary and secondary gene responses with links to disease progression. Toxicol Sci 2024:kfae057. [PMID: 38710495 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR, Nr1i3), a liver nuclear receptor and xenobiotic sensor, induces drug, steroid and lipid metabolizing enzymes, stimulates liver hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and ultimately, hepatocellular carcinogenesis. The mechanisms linking early CAR responses to later disease development are poorly understood. Here we show that exposure of CD-1 mice to TCPOBOP, a halogenated xenochemical and selective CAR agonist ligand, induces pericentral steatosis marked by hepatic accumulation of cholesterol and neutral lipid, and elevated circulating alanine aminotransferase, indicating hepatocyte damage. TCPOBOP-induced steatosis was weaker in the pericentral region but stronger in the periportal region in females compared to males. Early (1-day) TCPOBOP transcriptional responses were enriched for CAR-bound primary response genes, and for lipogenesis and xenobiotic metabolism and oxidative stress protection pathways; late (2-wk) TCPOBOP responses included many CAR binding-independent secondary response genes, with enrichment for macrophage activation, immune response and cytokine and reactive oxygen species production. Late upstream regulators specific to TCPOBOP-exposed male liver were linked to pro-inflammatory responses and hepatocellular carcinoma progression. TCPOBOP administered weekly to male mice using a high corn oil vehicle activated carbohydrate-responsive transcription factor (MLXIPL)-regulated target genes, dysregulated mitochondrial respiratory and translation regulatory pathways, and induced more advanced liver pathology. Overall, TCPOBOP exposure recapitulates histological and gene expression changes characteristic of emerging steatotic liver disease, including secondary gene responses in liver non-parenchymal cells indicative of transition to a more advanced disease state. Upstream regulators of both the early and late TCPOBOP response genes include novel biomarkers for foreign chemical-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sonkar
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - David J Waxman
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215
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2
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Middleton LYM, Nguyen VK, Dou J, Wang H, Patel C, Park SK, Colacino JA, Bakulski KM. Environmental chemical-wide associations with immune biomarkers in US adults: A cross-sectional analysis. Environ Res 2024:118956. [PMID: 38640990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Environmental chemical exposures influence immune system functions, and humans are exposed to a wide range of chemicals, termed the chemical "exposome". A comprehensive, discovery analysis of the associations of multiple chemical families with immune biomarkers is needed. In this study, we tested the associations between environmental chemical concentrations and immune biomarkers. We analyzed the United States cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2018). Chemical biomarker concentrations were measured in blood or urine (196 chemicals, 17 chemical families). Immune biomarkers included counts of lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, red blood cells, white blood cells, and mean corpuscular volume. We conducted separate survey-weighted, multivariable linear regressions of each log2-transformed chemicals on immune measures, adjusted for relevant covariates. We accounted for multiple comparisons using a false discovery rate (FDR). Among 45,528 adult participants, the mean age was 45.7 years, 51.4% were female, and 69.3% were Non-Hispanic White. 71 (36.2%) chemicals were associated with at least one of the eight immune biomarkers. The most chemical associations (FDR<0.05) were observed with mean corpuscular volume (36 chemicals) and red blood cell counts (35 chemicals). For example, a doubling in the concentration of cotinine was associated with 0.16 fL (95% CI: 0.15, 0.17; FDR<0.001) increased mean corpuscular volume, and a doubling in the concentration of blood lead was associated with 61,736 increased red blood cells per μL (95% CI: 54,335, 69,138; FDR<0.001). A wide variety of chemicals, such as metals and smoking-related compounds, were highly associated with immune system biomarkers. This environmental chemical-wide association study identified chemicals from multiple families for further toxicological, immunologic, and epidemiological investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Y M Middleton
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vy K Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Dou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Herong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chirag Patel
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Justin A Colacino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Program in the Environment, College of Literature, Sciences, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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3
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Lin HC, Rusyn I, Chiu WA. Assessing proarrhythmic potential of environmental chemicals using a high throughput in vitro-in silico model with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. ALTEX 2024; 41:37-49. [PMID: 37921411 PMCID: PMC10898275 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2306231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
QT prolongation and the potentially fatal arrhythmia Torsades de Pointes are common causes for withdrawing or restricting drugs; however, little is known about similar liabilities of environmental chemicals. Current in vitro-in silico models for testing proarrhythmic liabilities, using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM), provide an opportunity to address this data gap. These methods are still low- to medium-throughput and not suitable for testing the tens of thousands of chemicals in commerce. We hypothesized that combining high-throughput population- based in vitro testing in hiPSC-CMs with a fully in silico data analysis workflow can offer sensitive and specific predictions of proarrhythmic potential. We calibrated the model with a published hiPSC-CM dataset of drugs known to be positive or negative for proarrhythmia and tested its performance using internal cross-validation and external validation. Additionally, we used computational down-sampling to examine three study designs for hiPSC-CM data: one replicate of one donor, five replicates of one donor, and one replicate of a population of five donors. We found that the population of five donors had the best performance for predicting proarrhythmic potential. The resulting model was then applied to predict the proarrhythmic potential of environmental chemicals, additionally characterizing risk through margin of exposure (MOE) calculations. Out of over 900 environmental chemicals tested, over 150 were predicted to have proarrhythmic potential, but only seven chemicals had a MOE < 1. We conclude that a high-throughput in vitro-in silico approach using population-based hiPSC-CM testing provides a reasonable strategy to screen environmental chemicals for proarrhythmic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Chieh Lin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Weihsueh A. Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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4
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Shen X, Li Q, Hu W, Yang M, An W, Hu J. Relationships of Liver X Receptor Antagonists and Atherosclerosis in Drinking Water from Six Chinese Major Cities. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:19374-19382. [PMID: 37948298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
While environmental factors have been considered contributors to atherosclerosis, it remains unclear whether drinking water promotes foam cell formation, the initial event of atherosclerosis. This study revealed that drinking water from six major cities in China, namely, Harbin, Jinan, Shanghai, Wuhan, Chongqing, and Zhuhai, significantly promoted foam cell formation in an in vitro macrophage model at a minimum concentration fold of 2. Moreover, cholesterol efflux was significantly impeded by all samples at 2-16-fold, while cholesterol influx was induced only by samples from Jinan and Chongqing at 16-fold, suggesting the dominant role of efflux in foam cell formation. Interestingly, except for the sample from Jinan, the samples exhibited complete inhibition of liver X receptor α (LXRα) activities at 160-fold, indicating the potential role of chemicals in drinking water in promoting foam cell formation by antagonizing LXRα. Through LXRα protein affinity selection-mass spectrometry, we identified ten LXRα-binding compounds, with efavirenz being revealed for the first time as a significant inducer of foam cell formation through LXRα antagonism. Overall, this study clarifies the atherosclerotic risks posed by drinking water and demonstrates the efavirenz-related atherosclerotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Shen
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxin Hu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wei An
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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5
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Roos T, Leenaars C, Schaffert A, Paparella M, Murugadoss S, Mertens B, Linzalone N, Donzelli G, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Gehring R. Pollutant exposure and myocardial injury: Protocol and progress report for a toxicological systematic mapping review. ALTEX 2023; 41:248-259. [PMID: 37983382 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2304111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence identifies pollutant exposure as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), while CVD incidence rises steadily with the aging population. Although numerous experimental studies are now available, the mechanisms through which lifetime exposure to environmental pollutants can result in CVD are not fully understood. To comprehensively describe and understand the pathways through which pollutant exposure leads to cardiotoxicity, a systematic mapping review of the available toxicological evidence is needed. This protocol outlines a step-by-step framework for conducting this review. Using the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Health Assessment and Translation (HAT) approach for conducting toxicological systematic reviews, we selected 362 out of 8111 in vitro (17%), in vivo (67%), and combined (16%) studies for 129 potential cardiotoxic environmental pollutants, including heavy metals (29%), air pollutants (16%), pesticides (27%), and other chemicals (28%). The internal validity of included studies is being assessed with HAT and SYRCLE Risk of Bias tools. Tabular templates are being used to extract key study elements regarding study setup, methodology, techniques, and (qualitative and quantitative) outcomes. Subsequent synthesis will consist of an explorative meta-analysis of possible pollutant-related cardiotoxicity. Evidence maps and interactive knowledge graphs will illustrate evidence streams, cardiotoxic effects and associated quality of evidence, helping researchers and regulators to efficiently identify pollutants of interest. The evidence will be integrated in novel Adverse Outcome Pathways to facilitate regulatory acceptance of non-animal methods for cardiotoxicity testing. The current article describes the progress of the steps made in the systematic mapping review process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Roos
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cathalijn Leenaars
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schaffert
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Paparella
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sivakumar Murugadoss
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Birgit Mertens
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nunzia Linzalone
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Donzelli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- AUGUST, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ronette Gehring
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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6
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Fisher M, Muckle G, Lanphear B, Arbuckle TE, Braun JM, Zidek A, Vélez MP, Lupien N, Bastien S, Ashley-Martin J, Oulhote Y, Borghese MM, Walker M, Asztalos E, Bouchard MF, Booij L, Palmert MR, Morrison KM, Cummings EA, Khatchadourian K, Panagiotopoulos C, Glendon G, Shutt R, Abdul-Fatah A, Seal K, Fraser WD. Cohort profile update: The Canadian Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals Child Development study (MIREC-CD PLUS). Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2023; 37:719-732. [PMID: 37921434 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pan-Canadian Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study was established to determine whether maternal environmental chemical exposures were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in 2001 pregnant women. OBJECTIVES The MIREC-Child Development (CD PLUS) study followed this cohort with the goal of assessing the potential effects of prenatal exposures on anthropometry and neurodevelopment in early childhood. POPULATION MIREC families with children between the ages of 15 months and 5 years who had agreed to be contacted for future research (n = 1459) were invited to participate in MIREC-CD PLUS which combines data collected from an online Maternal Self-Administered Questionnaire with biomonitoring and neurodevelopment data collected from two in-person visits. PRELIMINARY RESULTS Between April 2013 and March 2015, 803 children participated in the Biomonitoring visit where we collected anthropometric measures, blood, and urine from the children. The Behavioural Assessment System for Children-2, Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function, MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories and the Communication subscale of the Adaptive Behaviour Scale from the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III are available on close to 900 children. There were 610 singleton children who completed in-person visits for neurodevelopment assessments including the Social Responsiveness Scale, Wechsler Preschool Primary Scale of Intelligence-III and NEuroPSYchological assessments (NEPSY). Currently, we are following the cohort into early adolescence to measure the impact of early life exposures on endocrine and metabolic function (MIREC-ENDO). CONCLUSIONS Data collection for the MIREC-CD PLUS study is complete and analysis of the data continues. We are now extending the follow-up of the cohort into adolescence to measure the impact of early life exposures on endocrine and metabolic function (MIREC-ENDO). MIREC-CD PLUS is limited by loss to follow-up and the fact that mothers are predominately of higher socioeconomic status and 'White' ethnicity, which limits our generalizability. However, the depth of biomonitoring and clinical measures in MIREC provides a platform to examine associations of prenatal, infancy and childhood exposures with child growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Fisher
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Bruce Lanphear
- Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tye E Arbuckle
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Angelika Zidek
- Existing Substances and Risk Assessment Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Nicole Lupien
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Bastien
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jillian Ashley-Martin
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Youssef Oulhote
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael M Borghese
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Walker
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Asztalos
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maryse F Bouchard
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Linda Booij
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre/Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark R Palmert
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine M Morrison
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Constadina Panagiotopoulos
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Shutt
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ammanie Abdul-Fatah
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelsey Seal
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - William D Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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7
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Abstract
Glyphosate is the most applied agricultural chemical worldwide and has become nearly ubiquitous throughout the environment. Glyphosate is an effective herbicide because it disrupts the shikimate pathway, which is responsible for the synthesis of essential amino acids in plants and microorganisms. Given that there is no known target for glyphosate in higher animals, its toxicity to humans and other animals is heavily debated, especially after the 2015 IARC ruling that glyphosate is carcinogenic. Today, a growing body of literature shows in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological evidence for the toxicity of glyphosate across animal species. With the application of glyphosate increasing globally, it is important to discuss these reports to enable a broader conversation on glyphosate toxicity and its impact on human and environmental health. Here, we summarize the recent glyphosate literature and discuss its implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lacroix
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deborah M Kurrasch
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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8
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Taylor R, Armstrong L, Bhattacharya A, Henry Z, Brinker A, Buckley B, Kong B, Guo G. Myclobutanil-mediated alteration of liver-gut FXR signaling in mice. Toxicol Sci 2023; 191:387-399. [PMID: 36511616 PMCID: PMC9936201 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of exposure to Myclobutanil, a triazole fungicide, on the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are unclear, but activation of nuclear receptors (NRs) is a known mechanism of azole-induced liver toxicity. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a NR and is highly expressed in the liver and intestine. Activation of FXR tightly regulates bile acid (BA), lipid and glucose homeostasis, and inflammation partly through the induction of fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15; human ortholog FGF19). FXR activation is downregulated during NAFLD and agonists are currently being explored as potential therapeutic strategy. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of Myclobutanil exposure on FXR activation and NAFLD development. Reporter assay showed Myclobutanil treatment, following FXR activation with potent FXR agonist (GW4064), resulted in a dose-dependent decrease of FXR activity. Furthermore, a 10-day study in male mice demonstrated that cotreatment with Myclobutanil led to an 80% reduction of GW4064-induced ileal expression of Fgf15. In a diet-induced NAFLD study, low-fat diet (LFD) fed mice administered myclobutanil displayed decreased FXR activity in the liver and ileum, while high-fat-high-sugar-diet (HFHSD) fed mice showed an increase in hepatic FXR activity and an induction of target genes regulated by constitutive androstane receptor and/or pregnane X receptor. Our work demonstrates Myclobutanil inhibits FXR activity and modulates FXR activity differentially in mice fed LFD or HFHSD. Our studies suggest the importance of understanding how Myclobutanil could contribute to BA dysregulation in disease states such as NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulaiha Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Laura Armstrong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Anisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Zakiyah Henry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Anita Brinker
- Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Brian Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Grace Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.,VA New Jersey Health Care System, Veterans Administration Medical Center, East Orange, NJ 07017, USA
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9
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Deepika D, Kumar V. The Role of "Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model (PBPK)" New Approach Methodology (NAM) in Pharmaceuticals and Environmental Chemical Risk Assessment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3473. [PMID: 36834167 PMCID: PMC9966583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are mechanistic tools generally employed in the pharmaceutical industry and environmental health risk assessment. These models are recognized by regulatory authorities for predicting organ concentration-time profiles, pharmacokinetics and daily intake dose of xenobiotics. The extension of PBPK models to capture sensitive populations such as pediatric, geriatric, pregnant females, fetus, etc., and diseased populations such as those with renal impairment, liver cirrhosis, etc., is a must. However, the current modelling practices and existing models are not mature enough to confidently predict the risk in these populations. A multidisciplinary collaboration between clinicians, experimental and modeler scientist is vital to improve the physiology and calculation of biochemical parameters for integrating knowledge and refining existing PBPK models. Specific PBPK covering compartments such as cerebrospinal fluid and the hippocampus are required to gain mechanistic understanding about xenobiotic disposition in these sub-parts. The PBPK model assists in building quantitative adverse outcome pathways (qAOPs) for several endpoints such as developmental neurotoxicity (DNT), hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. Machine learning algorithms can predict physicochemical parameters required to develop in silico models where experimental data are unavailable. Integrating machine learning with PBPK carries the potential to revolutionize the field of drug discovery and development and environmental risk. Overall, this review tried to summarize the recent developments in the in-silico models, building of qAOPs and use of machine learning for improving existing models, along with a regulatory perspective. This review can act as a guide for toxicologists who wish to build their careers in kinetic modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Deepika
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
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10
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Witchey SK, Sutherland V, Collins B, Roberts G, Shockley KR, Vallant M, Krause J, Cunny H, Waidyanatha S, Mylchreest E, Sparrow B, Moyer R, Behl M. Reproductive and developmental toxicity following exposure to organophosphate ester flame retardants and plasticizers, triphenyl phosphate and isopropylated phenyl phosphate, in Sprague Dawley rats. Toxicol Sci 2022; 191:374-386. [PMID: 36562586 PMCID: PMC9936205 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two organophosphate esters used as flame retardants and plasticizers, triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and isopropylated phenyl phosphate (IPP), have been detected in environmental samples around the world. Human exposure primarily occurs via oral ingestion with reported higher concentrations in children. Currently, there are no data to evaluate potential risk from exposure to either TPHP or IPP during fetal development. These short-term perinatal studies in rats provide preliminary toxicity data for TPHP and IPP, including information on transfer to fetus/offspring and across the pup blood-brain barrier. In separate experiments, TPHP or IPP were administered via dosed feed at concentrations 0, 1000, 3000, 10 000, 15 000, or 30 000 ppm to time-mated Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD rats from gestation day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 28; offspring were provided dosed feed at the same concentration as their dam (PND 28-PND 56). TPHP- and IPP-related toxicity resulted in removal of both 30 000 ppm groups on GD 12 and 15 000 ppm IPP group after parturition. Body weight and organ weights were impacted with exposure in remaining dams. Reproductive performance was perturbed at ≥10 000 ppm TPHP and all IPP exposure groups. In offspring, both TPHP- and IPP-related toxicity was noted in pups at ≥10 000 ppm as well as reduction in bodyweights, delays in pubertal endpoints, and/or reduced cholinesterase enzyme activity starting at 1000 ppm TPHP or IPP. Preliminary internal dose assessment indicated gestational and lactational transfer following exposure to TPHP or IPP. These findings demonstrate that offspring development is sensitive to 1000 ppm TPHP or IPP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannah K Witchey
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Vicki Sutherland
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Mail Drop K2-12, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. E-mail:
| | - Brad Collins
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Georgia Roberts
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Keith R Shockley
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Molly Vallant
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Jeffrey Krause
- Social and Scientific Systems, Durham, North Carolina 27703, USA
| | - Helen Cunny
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Suramya Waidyanatha
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Eve Mylchreest
- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Barney Sparrow
- Life Sciences, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA
| | - Robert Moyer
- Life Sciences, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA
| | - Mamta Behl
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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11
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Kehm RD, Llanos AAM, McDonald JA, Tehranifar P, Terry MB. Evidence-Based Interventions for Reducing Breast Cancer Disparities: What Works and Where the Gaps Are? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174122. [PMID: 36077659 PMCID: PMC9455068 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has established an online repository of evidence-based cancer control programs (EBCCP) and increasingly calls for the usage of these EBCCPs to reduce the cancer burden. To inventory existing EBCCPs and identify remaining gaps, we summarized NCI's EBCCPs relevant to reducing breast cancer risk with an eye towards interventions that address multiple levels of influence in populations facing breast cancer disparities. For each program, the NCI EBCCP repository provides the following expert panel determined summary metrics: (a) program ratings (1-5 scale, 5 best) of research integrity, intervention impact, and dissemination capability, and (b) RE-AIM framework assessment (0-100%) of program reach, effectiveness, adoption, and implementation. We quantified the number of EBCCPs that met the quality criteria of receiving a score of ≥3 for research integrity, intervention impact, and dissemination capability, and receiving a score of ≥50% for available RE-AIM reach, effectiveness, adoption, and implementation. For breast cancer risk reduction, we assessed the presence and quality of EBCCPs related to physical activity (PA), obesity, alcohol, tobacco control in early life, breastfeeding, and environmental chemical exposures. Our review revealed several major gaps in EBCCPs for reducing the breast cancer burden: (1) there are no EBCCPs for key breast cancer risk factors including alcohol, breastfeeding, and environmental chemical exposures; (2) among the EBCPPs that exist for PA, obesity, and tobacco control in early life, only a small fraction (24%, 17% and 31%, respectively) met all the quality criteria (≥3 EBCCP scores and ≥50% RE-AIM scores) and; (3) of those that met the quality criteria, only two PA interventions, one obesity, and no tobacco control interventions addressed multiple levels of influence and were developed in populations facing breast cancer disparities. Thus, developing, evaluating, and disseminating interventions to address important risk factors and reduce breast cancer disparities are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca D. Kehm
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10033, USA
| | - Adana A. M. Llanos
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10033, USA
| | - Jasmine A. McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10033, USA
| | - Parisa Tehranifar
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10033, USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10033, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-305-4915
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12
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Nguyen VK, Colacino J, Patel CJ, Sartor M, Jolliet O. Identification of occupations susceptible to high exposure and risk associated with multiple toxicants in an observational study: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2014. Exposome 2022; 2:osac004. [PMID: 35832257 PMCID: PMC9266352 DOI: 10.1093/exposome/osac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposures to toxicants are estimated to cause over 370 000 premature deaths annually. The risks due to multiple workplace chemical exposures and those occupations most susceptible to the resulting health effects remain poorly characterized. The aim of this study is to identify occupations with elevated toxicant biomarker concentrations and increased health risk associated with toxicant exposures in a diverse working US population. For this observational study of 51 008 participants, we used data from the 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We characterized differences in chemical exposures by occupational group for 131 chemicals by applying a series of generalized linear models with the outcome as biomarker concentrations and the main predictor as the occupational groups, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty income ratio, study period, and biomarker of tobacco use. For each occupational group, we calculated percentages of participants with chemical biomarker levels exceeding acceptable health-based guidelines. Blue-collar workers from "Construction," "Professional, Scientific, Technical Services," "Real Estate, Rental, Leasing," "Manufacturing," and "Wholesale Trade" have higher biomarker levels of toxicants such as several heavy metals, acrylamide, glycideamide, and several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) compared with their white-collar counterparts. Moreover, blue-collar workers from these industries have toxicant concentrations exceeding acceptable levels: arsenic (16%-58%), lead (1%-3%), cadmium (1%-11%), glycideamide (3%-6%), and VOCs (1%-33%). Blue-collar workers have higher toxicant levels relative to their white-collar counterparts, often exceeding acceptable levels associated with noncancer effects. Our findings identify multiple occupations to prioritize for targeted interventions and health policies to monitor and reduce toxicant exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vy Kim Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin Colacino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chirag J Patel
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maureen Sartor
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Olivier Jolliet
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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13
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Deierlein AL, Grayon AR, Zhu X, Sun Y, Liu X, Kohlasch K, Stein CR. Personal Care and Household Cleaning Product Use among Pregnant Women and New Mothers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19095645. [PMID: 35565038 PMCID: PMC9104147 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined product use among pregnant women and new mothers in New York City during the COVID-19 pandemic (July 2020–June 2021). Women reported use of personal care and household cleaning products within the previous month, changes in antibacterial product use, receipt of healthcare provider advice, and opinions on environmental chemicals (n = 320). On average, women used 15 personal care products and 7 household cleaning products. Non-Hispanic Black women used nearly two more personal care products; non-Hispanic Black women, those with a college degree, and essential workers used 1–3 more household cleaning products. Women who were Hispanic or reported their race and ethnicity as Other were two times more likely to use antibacterial personal care products. Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and women who reported their race and ethnicity as Other were 1.5 times more likely to increase antibacterial product use during the pandemic. Nearly all women agreed that environmental chemicals pose health risks and are impossible to avoid, while less than one quarter received advice regarding product use. Product use is a modifiable source of chemical exposures. Results from this study suggest that women may have increased their product use during the pandemic. Healthcare providers may use the current focus on health hygiene to promote discussion and assessment of environmental chemical exposures with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L. Deierlein
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexis R. Grayon
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA;
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Yanwen Sun
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Xun Liu
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (X.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Kaelyn Kohlasch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (K.K.); (C.R.S.)
| | - Cheryl R. Stein
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (K.K.); (C.R.S.)
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14
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Simonsen D, Cady N, Zhang C, Shrode RL, McCormick ML, Spitz DR, Chimenti MS, Wang K, Mangalam A, Lehmler HJ. The Effects of Benoxacor on the Liver and Gut Microbiome of C57BL/6 Mice. Toxicol Sci 2022; 186:102-117. [PMID: 34850242 PMCID: PMC9019840 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of many "inert" ingredients of pesticide formulations, such as safeners, is poorly characterized, despite evidence that humans may be exposed to these chemicals. Analysis of ToxCast data for dichloroacetamide safeners with the ToxPi tool identified benoxacor as the safener with the highest potential for toxicity, especially liver toxicity. Benoxacor was subsequently administered to mice via oral gavage for 3 days at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg bodyweight (b.w.). Bodyweight-adjusted liver and testes weights were significantly increased in the 50 mg/kg b.w. group. There were no overt pathologies in either the liver or the intestine. 16S rRNA analysis of the cecal microbiome revealed no effects of benoxacor on α- or β-diversity; however, changes were observed in the abundance of certain bacteria. RNAseq analysis identified 163 hepatic genes affected by benoxacor exposure. Benoxacor exposure expressed a gene regulation profile similar to dichloroacetic acid and the fungicide sedaxane. Metabolomic analysis identified 9 serum and 15 liver metabolites that were affected by benoxacor exposure, changes that were not significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was not altered by benoxacor exposure. In vitro metabolism studies with liver microsomes and cytosol from male mice demonstrated that benoxacor is enantioselectively metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, carboxylesterases, and glutathione S-transferases. These findings suggest that the minor toxic effects of benoxacor may be due to its rapid metabolism to toxic metabolites, such as dichloroacetic acid. This result challenges the assumption that inert ingredients of pesticide formulations are safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Simonsen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- IIHR Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Nicole Cady
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Chunyun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Rachel L Shrode
- Department of Informatics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Michael L McCormick
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Michael S Chimenti
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Ashutosh Mangalam
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- IIHR Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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15
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Krishna S, Borrel A, Huang R, Zhao J, Xia M, Kleinstreuer N. High-Throughput Chemical Screening and Structure-Based Models to Predict hERG Inhibition. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:biology11020209. [PMID: 35205076 PMCID: PMC8869358 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for people of most ethnicities in the United States. The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) potassium channel plays a pivotal role in cardiac rhythm regulation, and cardiotoxicity associated with hERG inhibition by drug molecules and environmental chemicals is a major public health concern. An evaluation of the effect of environmental chemicals on hERG channel function can help inform the potential public health risks of these compounds. To assess the cardiotoxic effect of diverse drugs and environmental compounds, the Tox21 federal research program has screened a collection of 9667 chemicals for inhibitory activity against the hERG channel. A set of molecular descriptors covering physicochemical and structural properties of chemicals, self-organizing maps, and hierarchical clustering were applied to characterize the chemicals inhibiting hERG. Machine learning approaches were applied to build robust statistical models that can predict the probability of any new chemical to cause cardiotoxicity via this mechanism. Abstract Chemical inhibition of the human ether-a -go-go-related gene (hERG) potassium channel leads to a prolonged QT interval that can contribute to severe cardiotoxicity. The adverse effects of hERG inhibition are one of the principal causes of drug attrition in clinical and pre-clinical development. Preliminary studies have demonstrated that a wide range of environmental chemicals and toxicants may also inhibit the hERG channel and contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. As part of the US federal Tox21 program, the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) applied a quantitative high throughput screening (qHTS) approach to screen the Tox21 library of 10,000 compounds (~7871 unique chemicals) at 14 concentrations in triplicate to identify chemicals perturbing hERG activity in the U2OS cell line thallium flux assay platform. The qHTS cell-based thallium influx assay provided a robust and reliable dataset to evaluate the ability of thousands of drugs and environmental chemicals to inhibit hERG channel protein, and the use of chemical structure-based clustering and chemotype enrichment analysis facilitated the identification of molecular features that are likely responsible for the observed hERG activity. We employed several machine-learning approaches to develop QSAR prediction models for the assessment of hERG liabilities for drug-like and environmental chemicals. The training set was compiled by integrating hERG bioactivity data from the ChEMBL database with the Tox21 qHTS thallium flux assay data. The best results were obtained with the random forest method (~92.6% balanced accuracy). The data and scripts used to generate hERG prediction models are provided in an open-access format as key in vitro and in silico tools that can be applied in a translational toxicology pipeline for drug development and environmental chemical screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Krishna
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle, NC 27560, USA;
| | | | - Ruili Huang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, USA; (R.H.); (J.Z.); (M.X.)
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, USA; (R.H.); (J.Z.); (M.X.)
| | - Menghang Xia
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, USA; (R.H.); (J.Z.); (M.X.)
| | - Nicole Kleinstreuer
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle, NC 27560, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-984-287-3150
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Jung SK, Choi W, Kim SY, Hong S, Jeon HL, Joo Y, Lee C, Choi K, Kim S, Lee KJ, Yoo J. Profile of Environmental Chemicals in the Korean Population-Results of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 3, 2015-2017. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19020626. [PMID: 35055445 PMCID: PMC8776061 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) program provides useful information on chemical exposure, serves as the basis for environmental health policies, and suggests appropriate measures to protect public health. Initiated on a three-year cycle in 2009, it reports the concentrations of major environmental chemicals among the representative Korean population. KoNEHS Cycle 3 introduced children and adolescents into the analysis, where the blood and urine samples of 6167 participants were measured for major metals, phthalates, phenolics, and other organic compounds. Lead, mercury, cadmium, metabolites of DEHP and DnBP, and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid levels of the Korean adult population tended to decrease compared to previous survey cycles but remained higher than those observed in the US or Canada. Both bisphenol A (BPA) and trans,trans-muconic acid concentrations have increased over time. Heavy metal concentrations (blood lead, and cadmium) in children and adolescents were approximately half that of adults, while some organic substances (e.g., phthalates and BPA) were high. BPA showed higher levels than in the US or Canada, whereas BPF and BPS showed lower detection rates in this cycle; however, as these are increasingly used as a substitute for BPA, further research is necessary. As environmental chemicals may affect childhood health and development, additional analyses should assess exposure sources and routes through continuous observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Kyoung Jung
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
- Graduate School of Urban Public Health, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
| | - Wookhee Choi
- Monitoring and Analysis Division, Wonju Regional Environmental Office, Ministry of Environment, Wonju 26461, Korea;
| | - Sung Yeon Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Sooyeon Hong
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Hye Li Jeon
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Youngkyung Joo
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Chulwoo Lee
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (K.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Sungkyoon Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (K.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Kee-Jae Lee
- Department of Information Statistics and Data Science, College of Natural Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul 03087, Korea;
| | - Jiyoung Yoo
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-560-7103
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17
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Clabough E, Ingersoll J, Reekes T, Gleichsner A, Ryan A. Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal Striatum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:290. [PMID: 35008713 PMCID: PMC8745582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are caused by the disruption of normal brain development in utero. The severity and range of symptoms is dictated by both the dosage and timing of ethanol administration, and the resulting developmental processes that are impacted. In order to investigate the effects of an acute, high-dose intoxication event on the development of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum, mice were injected with ethanol on P6, and neuronal morphology was assessed after 24 h, or at 1 month or 5 months of age. Data indicate an immediate increase in MSN dendritic length and branching, a rapid decrease in spine number, and increased levels of the synaptic protein PSD-95 as a consequence of this neonatal exposure to ethanol, but these differences do not persist into adulthood. These results demonstrate a rapid neuronal response to ethanol exposure and characterize the dynamic nature of neuronal architecture in the MSNs. Although differences in neuronal branching and spine density induced by ethanol resolve with time, early changes in the caudate/putamen region have a potential impact on the execution of complex motor skills, as well as aspects of long-term learning and addictive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Clabough
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - James Ingersoll
- Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, USA; (J.I.); (T.R.)
| | - Tyler Reekes
- Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, USA; (J.I.); (T.R.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71104, USA
| | - Alyssa Gleichsner
- Department of Biological Science, SUNY Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA; (A.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Amy Ryan
- Department of Biological Science, SUNY Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA; (A.G.); (A.R.)
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Yang Y, Wang S, Xie X, Li J, Zhang R. Change of gene expression profiles in human cardiomyocytes and macrophages infected with SARS -CoV -2 and its significance. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2021; 46:1203-1211. [PMID: 34911854 PMCID: PMC10929859 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.210221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 can damage the myocardium directly, or activate the immune system, trigger a cytokine storm, and cause inflammatory cells to infiltrate the myocardial tissue and damage the myocardium. This study is based on the sequencing data to analyze the changes in gene expression of cardiomyocytes and macrophages after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and explore the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the heart and immune system. METHODS The public data set GSE151879 was retrieved. The online software Network Analyst was used to preprocess the data, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) [log2(fold change)>2, adjusted P-value<0.05] screening between the infection group and the control group in cardiomyocytes, human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and macrophages were screened. Consistent common differentially expressed genes (CCDEGs) with the same expression pattern in cardiomyocytes and macrophages were obtained, and the online analysis software String was used to conduct enrichment analysis of their biological functions and signal pathways. Protein-protein interaction network, transcription factor-gene interaction network, miRNA-gene interaction network and environmental chemical-gene interaction network were established, and Cytoscape 3.72 was used to perform visualization. RESULTS After data standardization, the data quality was excellent and it can ensure reliable results. Myocardial cell infection with SARS-CoV-2 and gene expression spectrum were changed significantly, including a total of 484 DEGs in adult cardiomyoblasts, a total of 667 DEGs in macrophages, and a total of 1 483 DEGs in human embryo source of cardiomyopathy. The Stum, mechanosensory transduction mediator homolog (STUM), dehydrogenase/reductase 9 (DHRS9), calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta (CAMK2B), claudin 1(CLDN1), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), TNFAIP3 interacting protein 3 (TNIP3), G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) were identical in expression patterns in 3 types of cells. The protein-protein interaction suggested that CAMK2B proteins may play a key role in the antiviral process in 3 types of cells; and silicon dioxide (SiO2), benzodiazepine (BaP), nickel (Ni), and estradiol (E2) affect anti-SARS-CoV-2 processes of the 3 types of cells. CONCLUSIONS CAMK2B, CLDN1, CCL2, and DHRS9 genes play important roles in the immune response of cardiomyocytes against SARS-CoV-2. SiO2, BaP, Ni, E2 may affect the cell's antiviral process by increasing the toxicity of cardiomyocytes, thereby aggravating SARS-CoV-2 harm to the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Yang
- Second Clinical School of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang Shaanxi 712046.
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Second Clinical School of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang Shaanxi 712046.
| | - Xinyi Xie
- Second Clinical School of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang Shaanxi 712046
| | - Junjie Li
- Second Clinical School of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang Shaanxi 712046
| | - Rongqiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang Shaanxi 712046, China.
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19
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Rosenfeld CS. Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:723656. [PMID: 34631709 PMCID: PMC8497882 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.723656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The conceptus is most vulnerable to developmental perturbation during its early stages when the events that create functional organ systems are being launched. As the placenta is in direct contact with maternal tissues, it readily encounters any xenobiotics in her bloodstream. Besides serving as a conduit for solutes and waste, the placenta possesses a tightly regulated endocrine system that is, of itself, vulnerable to pharmaceutical agents, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and other environmental toxicants. To determine whether extrinsic factors affect placental function, transcriptomics and other omics approaches have become more widely used. In casting a wide net with such approaches, they have provided mechanistic insights into placental physiological and pathological responses and how placental responses may impact the fetus, especially the developing brain through the placenta-brain axis. This review will discuss how such omics technologies have been utilized to understand effects of EDCs, including the widely prevalent plasticizers bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and phthalates, other environmental toxicants, pharmaceutical agents, maternal smoking, and air pollution on placental gene expression, DNA methylation, and metabolomic profiles. It is also increasingly becoming clear that miRNA (miR) are important epigenetic regulators of placental function. Thus, the evidence to date that xenobiotics affect placental miR expression patterns will also be explored. Such omics approaches with mouse and human placenta will assuredly provide key biomarkers that may be used as barometers of exposure and can be targeted by early mitigation approaches to prevent later diseases, in particular neurobehavioral disorders, originating due to placental dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl S Rosenfeld
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Thompson Center for Autism and Neurobehavioral Disorders, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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20
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Lim JJ, Dutta M, Dempsey JL, Lehmler HJ, MacDonald J, Bammler T, Walker C, Kavanagh TJ, Gu H, Mani S, Cui JY. Neonatal Exposure to BPA, BDE-99, and PCB Produces Persistent Changes in Hepatic Transcriptome Associated With Gut Dysbiosis in Adult Mouse Livers. Toxicol Sci 2021; 184:83-103. [PMID: 34453844 PMCID: PMC8557404 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that complex diseases can result from early life exposure to environmental toxicants. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and remain a continuing risk to human health despite being banned from production. Developmental BPA exposure mediated-adult onset of liver cancer via epigenetic reprogramming mechanisms has been identified. Here, we investigated whether the gut microbiome and liver can be persistently reprogrammed following neonatal exposure to POPs, and the associations between microbial biomarkers and disease-prone changes in the hepatic transcriptome in adulthood, compared with BPA. C57BL/6 male and female mouse pups were orally administered vehicle, BPA, BDE-99 (a breast milk-enriched PBDE congener), or the Fox River PCB mixture (PCBs), once daily for three consecutive days (postnatal days [PND] 2-4). Tissues were collected at PND5 and PND60. Among the three chemicals investigated, early life exposure to BDE-99 produced the most prominent developmental reprogramming of the gut-liver axis, including hepatic inflammatory and cancer-prone signatures. In adulthood, neonatal BDE-99 exposure resulted in a persistent increase in Akkermansia muciniphila throughout the intestine, accompanied by increased hepatic levels of acetate and succinate, the known products of A. muciniphila. In males, this was positively associated with permissive epigenetic marks H3K4me1 and H3K27, which were enriched in loci near liver cancer-related genes that were dysregulated following neonatal exposure to BDE-99. Our findings provide novel insights that early life exposure to POPs can have a life-long impact on disease risk, which may partly be regulated by the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Jongpyo Lim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Moumita Dutta
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joseph L Dempsey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Center for Microbiome Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - James MacDonald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Theo Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cheryl Walker
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Terrance J Kavanagh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Pheonix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. E-mail:
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21
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Abstract
Since the surge of microbiome research in the last decade, many studies have provided insight into the causes and consequences of changes in the gut microbiota. Among the multiple factors involved in regulating the microbiome, exogenous factors such as diet and environmental chemicals have been shown to alter the gut microbiome significantly. Although diet substantially contributes to changes in the gut microbiome, environmental chemicals are major contaminants in our food and are often overlooked. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on major classes of environmental chemicals (bisphenols, phthalates, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, and pesticides) and their impact on the gut microbiome, which includes alterations in microbial composition, gene expression, function, and health effects in the host. We then discuss health-related implications of gut microbial changes, which include changes in metabolism, immunity, and neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Chiu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences
| | - Genoa Warner
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| | - Romana A Nowak
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology.,Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
| | - Wenyan Mei
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
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22
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Lim JJ, Li X, Lehmler HJ, Wang D, Gu H, Cui JY. Gut Microbiome Critically Impacts PCB-induced Changes in Metabolic Fingerprints and the Hepatic Transcriptome in Mice. Toxicol Sci 2021; 177:168-187. [PMID: 32544245 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitously detected and have been linked to metabolic diseases. Gut microbiome is recognized as a critical regulator of disease susceptibility; however, little is known how PCBs and gut microbiome interact to modulate hepatic xenobiotic and intermediary metabolism. We hypothesized the gut microbiome regulates PCB-mediated changes in the metabolic fingerprints and hepatic transcriptome. Ninety-day-old female conventional and germ-free mice were orally exposed to the Fox River Mixture (synthetic PCB mixture, 6 or 30 mg/kg) or corn oil (vehicle control, 10 ml/kg), once daily for 3 consecutive days. RNA-seq was conducted in liver, and endogenous metabolites were measured in liver and serum by LC-MS. Prototypical target genes of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, pregnane X receptor, and constitutive androstane receptor were more readily upregulated by PCBs in conventional conditions, indicating PCBs, to the hepatic transcriptome, act partly through the gut microbiome. In a gut microbiome-dependent manner, xenobiotic, and steroid metabolism pathways were upregulated, whereas response to misfolded proteins-related pathways was downregulated by PCBs. At the high PCB dose, NADP, and arginine appear to interact with drug-metabolizing enzymes (ie, Cyp1-3 family), which are highly correlated with Ruminiclostridium and Roseburia, providing a novel explanation of gut-liver interaction from PCB-exposure. Utilizing the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures L1000 database, therapeutics targeting anti-inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways are predicted to be remedies that can mitigate PCB toxicity. Our findings demonstrate that habitation of the gut microbiota drives PCB-mediated hepatic responses. Our study adds knowledge of physiological response differences from PCB exposure and considerations for further investigations for gut microbiome-dependent therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Jongpyo Lim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242; and
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242; and
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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23
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Dwivedi S, Kushalan S, Paithankar JG, D'Souza LC, Hegde S, Sharma A. Environmental toxicants, oxidative stress and health adversities: interventions of phytochemicals. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:516-536. [PMID: 33822130 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress is the most common factor mediating environmental chemical-induced health adversities. Recently, an exponential rise in the use of phytochemicals as an alternative therapeutics against oxidative stress-mediated diseases has been documented. Due to their free radical quenching property, plant-derived natural products have gained substantial attention as a therapeutic agent in environmental toxicology. The present review aimed to describe the therapeutic role of phytochemicals in mitigating environmental toxicant-mediated sub-cellular and organ toxicities via controlling cellular antioxidant response. METHODS The present review has covered the recently related studies, mainly focussing on the free radical scavenging role of phytochemicals in environmental toxicology. KEY FINDINGS In vitro and in vivo studies have reported that supplementation of antioxidant-rich compounds can ameliorate the toxicant-induced oxidative stress, thereby improving the health conditions. Improving the cellular antioxidant pool has been considered as a mode of action of phytochemicals. However, the other cellular targets of phytochemicals remain uncertain. CONCLUSIONS Knowing the therapeutic value of phytochemicals to mitigate the chemical-induced toxicity is an initial stage; mechanistic understanding needs to decipher for development as therapeutics. Moreover, examining the efficacy of phytochemicals against mixer toxicity and identifying the bioactive molecule are major challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwangi Dwivedi
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
| | - Sharanya Kushalan
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Bioresource and Biotechnology, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
| | - Jagdish Gopal Paithankar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
| | - Leonard Clinton D'Souza
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
| | - Smitha Hegde
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Bioresource and Biotechnology, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India
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24
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Burnett SD, Blanchette AD, Chiu WA, Rusyn I. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes as an in vitro model in toxicology: strengths and weaknesses for hazard identification and risk characterization. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021; 17:887-902. [PMID: 33612039 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1894122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes is one of the most widely used cell-based models that resulted from the discovery of how non-embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into multiple cell types. In just one decade, iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes went from a research lab to widespread use in biomedical research and preclinical safety evaluation for drugs and other chemicals. AREAS COVERED This manuscript reviews data on toxicology applications of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. We detail the outcome of a systematic literature search on their use (i) in hazard assessment for cardiotoxicity liabilities, (ii) for risk characterization, (iii) as models for population variability, and (iv) in studies of personalized medicine and disease. EXPERT OPINION iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes are useful to increase the accuracy, precision, and efficiency of cardiotoxicity hazard identification for both drugs and non-pharmaceuticals, with recent efforts beginning to demonstrate their utility for risk characterization. Notable limitations include the needs to improve the maturation of cells in culture, to better understand their potential use identifying structural cardiotoxicity, and for additional case studies involving population-wide and disease-specific risk characterization. Ultimately, the greatest future benefits are likely for non-pharmaceutical chemicals, filling a critical gap where no routine testing for cardiotoxicity is currently performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Burnett
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Alexander D Blanchette
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Weihsueh A Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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25
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Hyötyläinen T. Analytical challenges in human exposome analysis with focus on environmental analysis combined with metabolomics. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1769-1787. [PMID: 33650238 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors, such as chemical exposures, are likely to play a crucial role in the development of several human chronic diseases. However, how the specific exposures contribute to the onset and progress of various diseases is still poorly understood. In part, this is because comprehensive characterization of the chemical exposome is a highly challenging task, both due to its complex dynamic nature as well as due to the analytical challenges. Herein, the analytical challenges in the field of exposome research are reviewed, with specific emphasis on the sampling, sample preparation, and analysis, as well as challenges in the compound identification. The primary focus is on the human chemical exposome, that is, exposures to mixtures of environmental chemicals and its impact on human metabolome. In order to highlight the recent progress in the exposome research in relation to human health and disease, selected examples of human exposome studies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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26
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Mattila T, Santonen T, Andersen HR, Katsonouri A, Szigeti T, Uhl M, Wąsowicz W, Lange R, Bocca B, Ruggieri F, Kolossa-Gehring M, Sarigiannis DA, Tolonen H. Scoping Review-The Association between Asthma and Environmental Chemicals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18031323. [PMID: 33535701 PMCID: PMC7908498 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide affecting all age groups from children to the elderly. In addition to other factors such as smoking, air pollution and atopy, some environmental chemicals are shown or suspected to increase the risk of asthma, exacerbate asthma symptoms and cause other respiratory symptoms. In this scoping review, we report environmental chemicals, prioritized for investigation in the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), which are associated or possibly associated with asthma. The substance groups considered to cause asthma through specific sensitization include: diisocyanates, hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) and possibly p-phenylenediamine (p-PDA). In epidemiological studies, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organophosphate insecticides are associated with asthma, and phthalates, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), pyrethroid insecticides, mercury, cadmium, arsenic and lead are only potentially associated with asthma. As a conclusion, exposure to PAHs and some pesticides are associated with increased risk of asthma. Diisocyanates and Cr(VI) cause asthma with specific sensitization. For many environmental chemicals, current studies have provided contradicting results in relation to increased risk of asthma. Therefore, more research about exposure to environmental chemicals and risk of asthma is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Mattila
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland;
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Meilahti Triangle Hospital, 6th Floor, PO Box 372, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Tiina Santonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, 00032 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Helle Raun Andersen
- Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark;
| | | | - Tamás Szigeti
- National Public Health Center, 1097 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Maria Uhl
- Environment Agency, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | | | - Rosa Lange
- German Environment Agency, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (R.L.); (M.K.-G.)
| | - Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (F.R.)
| | - Flavia Ruggieri
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (F.R.)
| | | | - Denis A. Sarigiannis
- Technologies Division, Environmental Engineering Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering and HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Hanna Tolonen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland;
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27
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Yuan S, Liang C, Li W, Letcher RJ, Liu C. A comprehensive system for detection of behavioral change of D. magna exposed to various chemicals. J Hazard Mater 2021; 402:123731. [PMID: 33254763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to develop a sensitive and comprehensive method, based on D. magna swimming behavior, for toxicity assessment of environmental chemicals. Firstly, D. magna swimming in several chambers with different diameters were compared to determine the most suitable container, and then baseline behaviors during light/dark periods as well as reactions to light/dark switching and vibration stimulation were determined. Secondly, after exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of the selected 42 typical chemicals, which were classified into heavy metals, pesticides, fungicides and flame retardants, the alterations in the swimming parameters were evaluated. Our results indicated the 48-well plate was the most suitable chamber for behavioral monitoring of D. magna, and specific responsive patterns of D. magna neonates to light/dark switching and vibration stimulation were observed. The results of the behavioral assays of chemicals suggested that D. magna was the most sensitive to methylmercury-chloride and then to abamectin and chlorpyrifos. The three chemicals at several to dozens of ng/L significantly changed swimming behaviors of D. magna. Furthermore, the alteration in the behavioral parameters (average swimming speed, etc.) induced by the selected chemicals could be ascribed to various modes of actions, confirming the reliability and practicability of the monitoring method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Yuan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chengqian Liang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Robert J Letcher
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Engineering Research Centre of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
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28
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Mohanto NC, Ito Y, Kato S, Kamijima M. Life-Time Environmental Chemical Exposure and Obesity: Review of Epidemiological Studies Using Human Biomonitoring Methods. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:778737. [PMID: 34858347 PMCID: PMC8632231 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.778737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponential global increase in the incidence of obesity may be partly attributable to environmental chemical (EC) exposure. Humans are constantly exposed to ECs, primarily through environmental components. This review compiled human epidemiological study findings of associations between blood and/or urinary exposure levels of ECs and anthropometric overweight and obesity indices. The findings reveal research gaps that should be addressed. We searched MEDLINE (PubMed) for full text English articles published in 2006-2020 using the keywords "environmental exposure" and "obesity". A total of 821 articles were retrieved; 102 reported relationships between environmental exposure and obesity indices. ECs were the predominantly studied environmental exposure compounds. The ECs were grouped into phenols, phthalates, and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to evaluate obesogenic roles. In total, 106 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were summarized after an additional search by each group of EC combined with obesity in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Dose-dependent positive associations between bisphenol A (BPA) and various obesity indices were revealed. Both individual and summed di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and non-DEHP metabolites showed inconsistent associations with overweight and obesity indices, although mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) seem to have obesogenic roles in adolescents, adults, and the elderly. Maternal exposure levels of individual POP metabolites or congeners showed inconsistent associations, whereas dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were positively associated with obesity indices. There was insufficient evidence of associations between early childhood EC exposure and the subsequent development of overweight and obesity in late childhood. Overall, human evidence explicitly reveals the consistent obesogenic roles of BPA, DDE, and PFOA, but inconsistent roles of phthalate metabolites and other POPs. Further prospective studies may yield deeper insights into the overall scenario.
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Kikegawa M, Qin XY, Ito T, Nishikawa H, Nansai H, Sone H. Early Transcriptomic Changes upon Thalidomide Exposure Influence the Later Neuronal Development in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Spheres. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155564. [PMID: 32756504 PMCID: PMC7432054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress in early life has been linked with the development of late-life neurological disorders. Early developmental age is potentially sensitive to several environmental chemicals such as alcohol, drugs, food contaminants, or air pollutants. The recent advances using three-dimensional neural sphere cultures derived from pluripotent stem cells have provided insights into the etiology of neurological diseases and new therapeutic strategies for assessing chemical safety. In this study, we investigated the neurodevelopmental effects of exposure to thalidomide (TMD); 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether; bisphenol A; and 4-hydroxy-2,2′,3,4′,5,5′,6-heptachlorobiphenyl using a human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived sphere model. We exposed each chemical to the spheres and conducted a combinational analysis of global gene expression profiling using microarray at the early stage and morphological examination of neural differentiation at the later stage to understand the molecular events underlying the development of hESC-derived spheres. Among the four chemicals, TMD exposure especially influenced the differentiation of spheres into neuronal cells. Transcriptomic analysis and functional annotation identified specific genes that are TMD-induced and associated with ERK and synaptic signaling pathways. Computational network analysis predicted that TMD induced the expression of DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID2, which plays an important role in neuronal development. These findings provide direct evidence that early transcriptomic changes during differentiation of hESCs upon exposure to TMD influence neuronal development in the later stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Kikegawa
- Laboratory of Kampo Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan;
| | - Xian-Yang Qin
- Liver Cancer Prevention Research Unit, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;
| | - Tomohiro Ito
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan; (T.I.); (H.N.)
| | - Hiromi Nishikawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan;
| | - Hiroko Nansai
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan; (T.I.); (H.N.)
| | - Hideko Sone
- Laboratory of Kampo Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan;
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan; (T.I.); (H.N.)
- Environmental Health and Prevention Research Unit, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan
- Correspondence:
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30
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Abstract
Since the surge of microbiome research in the last decade, many studies have provided insight into the causes and consequences of changes in the gut microbiota. Among the multiple factors involved in regulating the microbiome, exogenous factors such as diet and environmental chemicals have been shown to alter the gut microbiome significantly. Although diet substantially contributes to changes in the gut microbiome, environmental chemicals are major contaminants in our food and are often overlooked. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on major classes of environmental chemicals (bisphenols, phthalates, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, and pesticides) and their impact on the gut microbiome, which includes alterations in microbial composition, gene expression, function, and health effects in the host. We then discuss health-related implications of gut microbial changes, which include changes in metabolism, immunity, and neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Chiu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences
| | - Genoa Warner
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| | - Romana A Nowak
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
| | - Wenyan Mei
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
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31
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Lee J, Oh S, Kang H, Kim S, Lee G, Li L, Kim CT, An JN, Oh YK, Lim CS, Kim DK, Kim YS, Choi K, Lee JP. Environment-Wide Association Study of CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 15:766-775. [PMID: 32628126 PMCID: PMC7274289 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.06780619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Exposure to environmental chemicals has been recognized as one of the possible contributors to CKD. We aimed to identify environmental chemicals that are associated with CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We analyzed the data obtained from a total of 46,748 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2016). Associations of chemicals measured in urine or blood (n=262) with albuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g), reduced eGFR (<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2), and a composite of albuminuria or reduced eGFR were tested and validated using the environment-wide association study approach. RESULTS Among 262 environmental chemicals, seven (3%) chemicals showed significant associations with increased risk of albuminuria, reduced eGFR, or the composite outcome. These chemicals included metals and other chemicals that have not previously been associated with CKD. Serum and urine cotinines, blood 2,5-dimethylfuran (a volatile organic compound), and blood cadmium were associated with albuminuria. Blood lead and cadmium were associated with reduced eGFR. Blood cadmium and lead and three volatile compounds (blood 2,5-dimethylfuran, blood furan, and urinary phenylglyoxylic acid) were associated with the composite outcome. A total of 23 chemicals, including serum perfluorooctanoic acid, seven urinary metals, three urinary arsenics, urinary nitrate and thiocyanate, three urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and seven volatile organic compounds, were associated with lower risks of one or more manifestations of CKD. CONCLUSIONS A number of chemicals were identified as potential risk factors for CKD among the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Habyeong Kang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gowoon Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lilin Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Clara Tammy Kim
- Institute of Life and Death Studies, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Nam An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Morgan MM, Schuler LA, Ciciliano JC, Johnson BP, Alarid ET, Beebe DJ. Modeling chemical effects on breast cancer: the importance of the microenvironment in vitro. Integr Biol (Camb) 2020; 12:21-33. [PMID: 32118264 PMCID: PMC7060306 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that our ability to predict chemical effects on breast cancer is limited by a lack of physiologically relevant in vitro models; the typical in vitro breast cancer model consists of the cancer cell and excludes the mammary microenvironment. As the effects of the microenvironment on cancer cell behavior becomes more understood, researchers have called for the integration of the microenvironment into in vitro chemical testing systems. However, given the complexity of the microenvironment and the variety of platforms to choose from, identifying the essential parameters to include in a chemical testing platform is challenging. This review discusses the need for more complex in vitro breast cancer models and outlines different approaches used to model breast cancer in vitro. We provide examples of the microenvironment modulating breast cancer cell responses to chemicals and discuss strategies to help pinpoint what components should be included in a model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly M Morgan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Linda A Schuler
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jordan C Ciciliano
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brian P Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elaine T Alarid
- Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Liu H, Duan JQ, Ren XM, Li XL, Chen J, Li P, Zhang RQ. [Changes of Gene Expression Profile in Cardiac Mesenchymal Cells in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Screening of Their Related Environmental Chemicals]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2020; 42:37-46. [PMID: 32131938 DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503x.11497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the gene expression of cardiac mesenchymal cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)based on a whole-genome high-throughput sequencing dataset,screen differentially expressed genes,analyze the genetics signature of cardiac mesenchymal cells in T2DM patients by bioinformatics analysis,and explore the environmental chemicals related to the key differentially expressed genes. Methods The dataset GSE106177 was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.The dataset was pre-processed and analyzed by Network Analyst,Cytoscape 3.7.1,String11.0,CTD,and HMDD for screening for differentially expressed genes,enrichment analysis,establishment of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks,and screening for relevant environmental chemicals. Results The gene expression pattern of cardiac mesenchymal cells in T2DM patients was significantly different from that in the control group.There were 135 differentially expressed genes,of which 58 (42.96%) were up-regulated and 77 (57.04%) were down-regulated.The differentially expressed genes mainly participated in biological processes such as multicellular organism development,anatomical structure development,and system development and were mainly involved in hepatocellular carcinoma,Cushing's syndrome,and cholesterol metabolism.PPI network showed that UBC was the core protein node.The microRNA-Gene interaction network showed that seven microRNAs,represented by hsa-mir-8485,interacted with the differentially expressed genes.Key T2DM related genes such as UBC,DNER,and CNTN1 interacted with bisphenol A. Conclusions The gene expression profile of cardiac mesenchymal cells markedly changes in T2DM patients,during which UBC may play an important biological role.Bisphenol A exposure may also affect the development and normal function of cardiac cells in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- School of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712046,China
| | - Jia Qi Duan
- School of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712046,China
| | - Xiao Mei Ren
- School of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712046,China
| | - Xi Lei Li
- School of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712046,China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,Faculty of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712046,China
| | - Rong Qiang Zhang
- School of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712046,China
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34
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Rodricks J, Huang Y, Mantus E, Shubat P. Do Interactions Between Environmental Chemicals and the Human Microbiome Need to Be Considered in Risk Assessments? Risk Anal 2019; 39:2353-2358. [PMID: 31070803 PMCID: PMC6996927 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most dynamic and fruitful areas of current health-related research concerns the various roles of the human microbiome in disease. Evidence is accumulating that interactions between substances in the environment and the microbiome can affect risks of disease, in both beneficial and adverse ways. Although most of the research has concerned the roles of diet and certain pharmaceutical agents, there is increasing interest in the possible roles of environmental chemicals. Chemical risk assessment has, to date, not included consideration of the influence of the microbiome. We suggest that failure to consider the possible roles of the microbiome could lead to significant error in risk assessment results. Our purpose in this commentary is to summarize some of the evidence supporting our hypothesis and to urge the risk assessment community to begin considering and influencing how results from microbiome-related research could be incorporated into chemical risk assessments. An additional emphasis in our commentary concerns the distinct possibility that research on chemical-microbiome interactions will also reduce some of the significant uncertainties that accompany current risk assessments. Of particular interest is evidence suggesting that the microbiome has an influence on variability in disease risk across populations and (of particular interest to chemical risk) in animal and human responses to chemical exposure. The possible explanatory power of the microbiome regarding sources of variability could reduce what might be the most significant source of uncertainty in chemical risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvonne Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ellen Mantus
- Board on Environmental Studies & Toxicology, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering & Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pamela Shubat
- Health Risk Assessment, Environmental Health Division, Minnesota Department of Health [retired], St. Paul, MN, USA
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35
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Konduracka E. A link between environmental pollution and civilization disorders: a mini review. Rev Environ Health 2019; 34:227-233. [PMID: 31141493 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Most civilization disorders have a complex etiology, involving factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and environmental pollution (EP) due to different chemicals. Among harmful chemicals, the major ones include particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, pesticides, plasticizers, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, furans, some food additives, hormones, and antibiotics. In fact, potential pollutants are countless and most of them have never been evaluated in terms of their toxicity and health risks, especially that new chemicals emerge all the time due to interactions between the existing ones. It is almost impossible to determine the effects of these new compounds on health. Previous studies have revealed a broad spectrum of diseases related to pollution. EP has been associated with an increased incidence of some malignancies, an increased rate of all-cause mortality, development or exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases, recurrent infections, impairment of intellectual and psychomotor development in children, development of type 2 diabetes, respiratory and immune system diseases, and also brain degenerative disorders. EP is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, generating high health care costs. Global pollution questions the common recommendation to eat vegetables, fruit, and fish regularly as part of a healthy diet, if they do not have ecological certification. Research in the fields of ecology, biology, and toxicology is needed to determine which environmental contaminants are the most hazardous to wildlife and humans and at what levels. Only an interdisciplinary cooperation and measures to raise public awareness could help improve environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Konduracka
- Department of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
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36
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Im J, Gwak Y, Kim M, Paik HY, Lee H, Choi J. Sex and Gender Analysis of Toxicity and Epidemiology Data on Environmental Chemicals in the Three Major Toxicology Databases. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2019; 29:1312-1318. [PMID: 31059379 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As sex and gender are important considerations in the assessment of toxic chemicals, we investigated whether sex and gender issues have been adequately considered in toxicological databases. Materials and Methods: A systemic review was conducted on the toxicity and epidemiology data of eight environmental chemicals (i.e., cadmium [Cd], lead [Pb], benzene, toluene, formaldehyde, and tetrachloroethylene [TCE], bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [DEHP], and bisphenol A [BPA]) that appear in three toxicological databases (i.e., Hazardous Substances Data Bank, Integrated Risk Information System, and the European Chemicals Agency databases). Results: Systemic reviews on 4160 data entries pertaining to eight chemicals in three databases revealed that only 13.5% of these were sourced from male and female combined (MF) studies, whereas, 40.6% of the total number of examined entries was sourced from the study in which the sex of the subject was not mentioned. Conclusions: To accurately evaluate the hazardous effect of chemicals, toxicity tests should be designed and conducted for both sexes, and the corresponding endpoints should cover gender concerns. Therefore, databases listing toxicity data as part of the open source literature should select information from MF toxicity and epidemiology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongeun Im
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngji Gwak
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Young Paik
- Center for Gendered Innovations in Science and Technology Research, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heisook Lee
- Center for Gendered Innovations in Science and Technology Research, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
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37
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Bruggemann R, Carlsen L. Partial Order in Environmental Chemistry. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 16:257-269. [PMID: 31038074 DOI: 10.2174/1573409915666190416160350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The theory of partial order is a branch of Discrete Mathematics and is often seen as pretty esoteric. However, depending on a suitable definition of an order relation, partial order theory has some statistical flavor. Here we introduce the application of partial order for environmental chemistry. OBJECTIVE We showed that partial order is an instrument, which at the same time, has both data exploration - and evaluation potency. METHODS The partial order theory was applied in this study. It depends on four indicators which describe the environmental hazards of chemicals. RESULTS Nineteen organic chemicals were found within a monitoring study in the German river Main and were taken as an exemplary case. The results indicated that chemicals can have a high risk on the environment, however, the type of risk is different and should not conceptually merge into a single quantity. CONCLUSION Partial order theory is of help to define different regulations and environmental management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Bruggemann
- Department of Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Ecohydrology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Carlsen
- Awareness Center, Linkøpingvej 35, Trekroner, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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38
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Yuan B, Wu W, Zhang H, Gu H, Guo D, Jiang J, Wang X. Adenomatous polyposis coli as a predictor of environmental chemical-induced transgenerational effects related to male infertility. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22331. [PMID: 30934153 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to toxic environmental chemicals during pregnancy is a ubiquitous threat to health with potentially transgenerational consequences. However, the underlying mechanism of how transgenerational effects occur as part of environmental chemical exposure are not well understood. We investigated the potential molecular changes associated with dibutyl phthalate exposure that induced transgenerational effects, using a rat model. Through the analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found some similar studies of environmental exposure induced transgenerational effects. Then, we analyzed one of the studies and our results to identify the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. This gene participated the most of the pathways and was upregulated in both studies. We used the miRWALK data set to predict the microRNAs which targeted the APC gene. We confirmed the miR-30 family were significantly downregulated in F3 testis tissues and targeted the APC gene. In conclusion, the miR-30 family/APC interaction is a potential mechanism for the transgenerational effects induced by the environmental chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Yuan
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huazhong Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Gu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Guo
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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39
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Bernardo BA, Lanphear BP, Venners SA, Arbuckle TE, Braun JM, Muckle G, Fraser WD, McCandless LC. Assessing the Relation between Plasma PCB Concentrations and Elevated Autistic Behaviours using Bayesian Predictive Odds Ratios. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E457. [PMID: 30764478 PMCID: PMC6388164 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive or stereotypic behaviours. In utero exposure to environmental chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), may play a role in the etiology of ASD. We examined the relation between plasma PCB concentrations measured during pregnancy and autistic behaviours in a subset of children aged 3⁻4 years old in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study, a pregnancy and birth cohort of 546 mother-infant pairs from Canada (enrolled: 2008⁻2011). We quantified the concentrations of 6 PCB congeners that were detected in >40% of plasma samples collected during the 1st trimester. At age 3⁻4 years, caregivers completed the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS), a valid and reliable measure of children's reciprocal social and repetitive behaviours and restricted interests. We examined SRS scores as both a continuous and binary outcome, and we calculated Bayesian predictive odds ratios for more autistic behaviours based on a latent variable model for SRS scores >60. We found no evidence of an association between plasma PCB concentrations and autistic behaviour. However, we found small and imprecise increases in the mean SRS score and odds of more autistic behaviour for the highest category of plasma PCB concentrations compared with the lowest category; for instance, an average increase of 1.4 (95%PCI: -0.4, 3.2) in the mean SRS (exposure contrast highest versus lowest PCB category) for PCB138 translated to an odds ratio of 1.8 (95%PCI: 1.0, 2.9). Our findings illustrate the importance of measuring associations between PCBs and autistic behaviour on both continuous and binary scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan A Bernardo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Scott A Venners
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Tye E Arbuckle
- Population Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Gina Muckle
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - William D Fraser
- Department d'obstétrique et gynécologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
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40
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Araki A, Itoh S, Miyashita C, Minatoya M, Kishi R. [Environmental Chemical Exposure and Its Effects on Infants' Reproductive Hormones]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi 2018; 73:313-321. [PMID: 30270299 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the birthrate has been continuously declining in Japan. The main causes of the decline are social factors. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence that many environmental chemicals show endocrine disrupting properties. Thus, we hypothesized that exposure to these chemicals would also be a causal for the fertility crisis. In this review, we examined current evidence that focused on environmental chemical exposure in utero and its association with reproductive hormones in children. We have included the findings from a prospective birth cohorts, the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health Sapporo cohort. According to the literature, environmental chemical levels in utero, such as polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxins, perfluorinated chemical substances, phthalates, and bisphenol A were somewhat associated with the levels of reproductive hormones, such as testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, inhibin B, and insulin-like factor-3 in cord blood, in early childhood and adolescence. The literature also suggests the association between exposure to these chemicals and brain-sexual differentiation or the anogenital distance, which suggests the disruption of androgen shower during the developmental stage in the fetal period. There are still knowledge gaps on whether these hormones at an early stage affect the pubertal development and reproductive functions in later life. In addition, alternative chemicals are produced after banning one type. The health effects of alternative chemicals should be evaluated. Effects of exposure to a mixture of the chemicals should also be examined in future studies. In conclusion, the prevention of environmental chemical hazards in relation to human reproductive function is important. It would be one of the countermeasures to the falling birthrate caused by fertility issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Araki
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences
| | - Sachiko Itoh
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences
| | | | - Machiko Minatoya
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences
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41
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Huang Q, Liu Y, Dong S. Emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in the toxicology of environmental chemicals. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:934-943. [PMID: 29388697 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Environmental chemicals (ECs) are drawing great attention to their effects on health and their toxicological mechanisms are being investigated. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of RNA with more than 200 nucleotides and does not have protein coding potential. Recently, it is emerging as a star molecule that participates in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. It has been reported to be abnormally expressed in diseases. As an epigenetic factor, lncRNAs play an important role in the response of organisms to environmental stress. Their roles in the toxicity of ECs are being identified. Altered expression profiles of lncRNAs have been explored after exposure to ECs. Various kinds of ECs are reported to disturb the expression of lncRNAs in vitro and in vivo. Then, dysregulated lncRNAs can affect the expression of target genes directly or indirectly via regulating the level of microRNAs. The network among lncRNAs, microRNAs and mRNAs can initiate or impede specific signaling pathway and lead to adverse outcome upon exposure to ECs. Recovery of the lncRNAs level by overexpression or knockdown technology diminished the effect induced by ECs. In the review, biological roles of lncRNAs are depicted. The lncRNAs involved in the toxicology are summarized. Types of ECs that have been reported to affect the expression of lncRNAs are categorized. The interaction between various types of ECs and lncRNAs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiansheng Huang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijun Dong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
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42
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Bellavia A, Zota AR, Valeri L, James-Todd T. Multiple mediators approach to study environmental chemicals as determinants of health disparities. Environ Epidemiol 2018; 2:e015. [PMID: 31531412 PMCID: PMC6748334 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of health disparities research is to identify and intervene upon modifiable risk factors that help explain the observed associations between social factors and adverse health outcomes. To this end, statistical methods incorporating mediation analysis have shown promise, as they quantify the contribution of an intermediate variable in an exposure-outcome association. A growing body of literature suggests that environmental chemicals can contribute to health disparities. However, evaluating environmental chemicals as an important component of health disparities introduces methodological complexities that may make standard mediation approaches inadequate. Specific to environmental health is the issue of evaluating both the source and biomarker of the environmental toxicant in order to calculate the proportion of the disparity that would remain had we intervened on the modifiable factors. Recent methodological developments on multiple mediators can improve efforts to integrate both source and biomarker of exposure into epidemiological studies of health disparities. We illustrate a conceptual framework and present how mediation techniques can be used to address environmental health disparities questions. With this, we provide a methodological tool that has the potential to advance this growing field, while simultaneously informing public health prevention and policy surrounding the impact of environmental factors on health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bellavia
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ami R. Zota
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Linda Valeri
- Psychiatric Biostatistics Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tamarra James-Todd
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Women’s Health, Department of Medicine, Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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43
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Kishi R, Araki A, Miyashita C, Itoh S, Minatoya M, Kobayashi S, Yamazaki K, Ait Bamai Y, Miura R, Tamura N. [Importance of Two Birth Cohorts (n=20,926 and n=514): 15 Years' Experience of the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health: Malformation, Development and Allergy]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi 2018; 73:164-177. [PMID: 29848869 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Since "Our Stolen Future" by Theo Colborn was published in 1996, global interest on the impact of chemical substances, such as the endocrine-disrupting action of chemicals, has increased. In Japan, "The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health: Malformation, Development and Allergy" was launched in 2001. It was a model of Japan Environment and Children's Study of the Ministry of the Environment. In a large-scale, Hokkaido cohort, we obtained the consent of 20,926 mothers at the organogenesis stage with the cooperation of 37 obstetrics clinics in Hokkaido. We tracked the effects of endocrine disruptors on developmental disorders. In a small-scale Sapporo cohort, we observed in detail the neuropsychiatric development of children with the consent of 514 mothers in their late pregnancy. We examined how prenatal exposure to low concentrations of environmental chemicals affect the development of organs and the postnatal development of children. Maternal exposure to POPs, such as PCB/dioxins and perfluorinated alkyl substances, has affected not only children's birth size, thyroid functions, and sex hormone levels, but also postnatal neurodevelopment, infection, and allergy among others. The associations of short-half-life substances, such as DEHP and BPA, with obesity, ASD, and ADHD have been investigated. Gene-environment interactions have been found for smoking, caffeine, folic acid, and PCB/dioxin. In 2015, our center was officially designated as the WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards, and we continue to the contribute to the global perspectives of child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Kishi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Atsuko Araki
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Chihiro Miyashita
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Sachiko Itoh
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Machiko Minatoya
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Sumitaka Kobayashi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Keiko Yamazaki
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Yu Ait Bamai
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Ryu Miura
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
| | - Naomi Tamura
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences,Hokkaido University.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards
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44
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Wambaugh JF, Hughes MF, Ring CL, MacMillan DK, Ford J, Fennell TR, Black SR, Snyder RW, Sipes NS, Wetmore BA, Westerhout J, Setzer RW, Pearce RG, Simmons JE, Thomas RS. Evaluating In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation of Toxicokinetics. Toxicol Sci 2018; 163:152-169. [PMID: 29385628 PMCID: PMC5920326 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prioritizing the risk posed by thousands of chemicals potentially present in the environment requires exposure, toxicity, and toxicokinetic (TK) data, which are often unavailable. Relatively high throughput, in vitro TK (HTTK) assays and in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) methods have been developed to predict TK, but most of the in vivo TK data available to benchmark these methods are from pharmaceuticals. Here we report on new, in vivo rat TK experiments for 26 non-pharmaceutical chemicals with environmental relevance. Both intravenous and oral dosing were used to calculate bioavailability. These chemicals, and an additional 19 chemicals (including some pharmaceuticals) from previously published in vivo rat studies, were systematically analyzed to estimate in vivo TK parameters (e.g., volume of distribution [Vd], elimination rate). For each of the chemicals, rat-specific HTTK data were available and key TK predictions were examined: oral bioavailability, clearance, Vd, and uncertainty. For the non-pharmaceutical chemicals, predictions for bioavailability were not effective. While no pharmaceutical was absorbed at less than 10%, the fraction bioavailable for non-pharmaceutical chemicals was as low as 0.3%. Total clearance was generally more under-estimated for nonpharmaceuticals and Vd methods calibrated to pharmaceuticals may not be appropriate for other chemicals. However, the steady-state, peak, and time-integrated plasma concentrations of nonpharmaceuticals were predicted with reasonable accuracy. The plasma concentration predictions improved when experimental measurements of bioavailability were incorporated. In summary, HTTK and IVIVE methods are adequately robust to be applied to high throughput in vitro toxicity screening data of environmentally relevant chemicals for prioritizing based on human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael F Hughes
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Caroline L Ring
- National Center for Computational Toxicology
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Denise K MacMillan
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Jermaine Ford
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | | | - Sherry R Black
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | | | - Nisha S Sipes
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27717
| | - Barbara A Wetmore
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Joost Westerhout
- The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), AJ Zeist 3700, The Netherlands
| | | | - Robert G Pearce
- National Center for Computational Toxicology
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Jane Ellen Simmons
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
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Abstract
The advent of industrial revolution caused a large inflow of synthetic chemicals for medical, agricultural, industrial and other purposes in the world. In general, these chemicals were subjected to toxicological risk assessment for human health and ecology before release for public use. But today we are witnessing a negative impact of some of these chemicals on human health and environment indicating an underestimation of toxic effects by current risk assessment protocol. Recent studies established gut microbiota as one of the key player in intercession of toxicity of drugs and synthetic chemicals. Hence, the need of the hour is to include the assessment for microbiota specifically gut microbiota in human toxicological risk assessment protocol. Herewith we are proposing a framework for assessment of gut microbiota upon exposure to drugs or chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Velmurugan
- Thematic Unit of Excellence in Water Research, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,CONTACT Ganesan Velmurugan Thematic Unit of Excellence in Water Research, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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46
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Miguel V, Cui JY, Daimiel L, Espinosa-Díez C, Fernández-Hernando C, Kavanagh TJ, Lamas S. The Role of MicroRNAs in Environmental Risk Factors, Noise-Induced Hearing Loss, and Mental Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:773-796. [PMID: 28562070 PMCID: PMC5911706 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression and define part of the epigenetic signature. Their influence on every realm of biomedicine is established and progressively increasing. The impact of environment on human health is enormous. Among environmental risk factors impinging on quality of life are those of chemical nature (toxic chemicals, heavy metals, pollutants, and pesticides) as well as those related to everyday life such as exposure to noise or mental and psychosocial stress. Recent Advances: This review elaborates on the relationship between miRNAs and these environmental risk factors. CRITICAL ISSUES The most relevant facts underlying the role of miRNAs in the response to these environmental stressors, including redox regulatory changes and oxidative stress, are highlighted and discussed. In the cases wherein miRNA mutations are relevant for this response, the pertinent literature is also reviewed. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We conclude that, even though in some cases important advances have been made regarding close correlations between specific miRNAs and biological responses to environmental risk factors, a need for prospective large-cohort studies is likely necessary to establish causative roles. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 773-796.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Miguel
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- 2 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- 3 Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados-Alimentación (IMDEA-Food) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Espinosa-Díez
- 4 Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Terrance J Kavanagh
- 2 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Santiago Lamas
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
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47
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Fisher BG, Frederiksen H, Andersson AM, Juul A, Thankamony A, Ong KK, Dunger DB, Hughes IA, Acerini CL. Serum Phthalate and Triclosan Levels Have Opposing Associations With Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:99. [PMID: 29593656 PMCID: PMC5859030 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) have been associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in non-pregnant adults, but studies of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have reported conflicting results for phthalates and no associations with BPA. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between maternal serum levels of phthalate metabolites and phenols at 10-17 weeks of gestation and glucose homeostasis at 28 weeks of gestation. 232 women aged ≥16 years without type 1 or 2 diabetes with singleton male pregnancies were recruited from a single UK maternity centre between 2001 and 2009 as part of a prospective observational study (Cambridge Baby Growth Study). Serum levels of 16 phthalate metabolites and 9 phenols (including BPA) were measured using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed at 28 weeks. 47/232 (20.3%) women had GDM. First-trimester triclosan (TCS) was inversely associated with incident GDM (adjusted odds ratio per log increase in concentration 0.54, 95% confidence interval 0.34-0.86, p = 0.010). Amongst women without GDM, first-trimester mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and mono(carboxyisooctyl) phthalate levels were positively associated with 120-min plasma glucose (adjusted β 0.268 and 0.183, p = 0.0002 and 0.010, respectively) in mid-pregnancy. No other monotonic associations were detected between phthalate or phenol levels and fasting or stimulated plasma glucose, β-cell function, insulin resistance, or 60-min disposition index. Our results support a glycaemia-raising effect of phthalates during pregnancy, consistent with findings in non-pregnant populations and suggest a possible protective effect of exposure to TCS against GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G. Fisher
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- EDMaRC, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- EDMaRC, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- EDMaRC, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ajay Thankamony
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ken K. Ong
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David B. Dunger
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ieuan A. Hughes
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo L. Acerini
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Carlo L. Acerini,
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48
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Fujiwara Y, Miyazaki W, Koibuchi N, Katoh T. The Effects of Low-Dose Bisphenol A and Bisphenol F on Neural Differentiation of a Fetal Brain-Derived Neural Progenitor Cell Line. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:24. [PMID: 29479338 PMCID: PMC5811521 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental chemicals are known to disrupt the endocrine system in humans and to have adverse effects on several organs including the developing brain. Recent studies indicate that exposure to environmental chemicals during gestation can interfere with neuronal differentiation, subsequently affecting normal brain development in newborns. Xenoestrogen, bisphenol A (BPA), which is widely used in plastic products, is one such chemical. Adverse effects of exposure to BPA during pre- and postnatal periods include the disruption of brain function. However, the effect of BPA on neural differentiation remains unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of BPA or bisphenol F (BPF), an alternative compound for BPA, on neural differentiation using ReNcell, a human fetus-derived neural progenitor cell line. Maintenance in growth factor-free medium initiated the differentiation of ReNcell to neuronal cells including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. We exposed the cells to BPA or BPF for 3 days from the period of initiation and performed real-time PCR for neural markers such as β III-tubulin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and Olig2. The β III-tubulin mRNA level decreased in response to BPA, but not BPF, exposure. We also observed that the number of β III-tubulin-positive cells in the BPA-exposed group was less than that of the control group. On the other hand, there were no changes in the MAP2 mRNA level. These results indicate that BPA disrupts neural differentiation in human-derived neural progenitor cells, potentially disrupting brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujiwara
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Miyazaki
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Koibuchi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- *Correspondence: Noriyuki Koibuchi,
| | - Takahiko Katoh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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49
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Michikawa T, Nitta H, Nakayama SF, Yamazaki S, Isobe T, Tamura K, Suda E, Ono M, Yonemoto J, Iwai-Shimada M, Kobayashi Y, Suzuki G, Kawamoto T. Baseline Profile of Participants in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). J Epidemiol 2017; 28:99-104. [PMID: 29093304 PMCID: PMC5792233 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20170018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), known as Ecochil-Chosa in Japan, is a nationwide birth cohort study investigating the environmental factors that might affect children’s health and development. We report the baseline profiles of the participating mothers, fathers, and their children. Methods Fifteen Regional Centres located throughout Japan were responsible for recruiting women in early pregnancy living in their respective recruitment areas. Self-administered questionnaires and medical records were used to obtain such information as demographic factors, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, environmental exposure, medical history, and delivery information. In the period up to delivery, we collected bio-specimens, including blood, urine, hair, and umbilical cord blood. Fathers were also recruited, when accessible, and asked to fill in a questionnaire and to provide blood samples. Results The total number of pregnancies resulting in delivery was 100,778, of which 51,402 (51.0%) involved program participation by male partners. Discounting pregnancies by the same woman, the study included 95,248 unique mothers and 49,189 unique fathers. The 100,778 pregnancies involved a total of 101,779 fetuses and resulted in 100,148 live births. The coverage of children in 2013 (the number of live births registered in JECS divided by the number of all live births within the study areas) was approximately 45%. Nevertheless, the data on the characteristics of the mothers and children we studied showed marked similarity to those obtained from Japan’s 2013 Vital Statistics Survey. Conclusions Between 2011 and 2014, we established one of the largest birth cohorts in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Michikawa
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Hiroshi Nitta
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Shoji F Nakayama
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Shin Yamazaki
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Tomohiko Isobe
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Kenji Tamura
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Eiko Suda
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Masaji Ono
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Junzo Yonemoto
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Miyuki Iwai-Shimada
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Yayoi Kobayashi
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Go Suzuki
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Toshihiro Kawamoto
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies.,Department of Environmental Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health
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50
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Marie C, Lémery D, Vendittelli F, Sauvant-Rochat MP. Perception of Environmental Risks and Health Promotion Attitudes of French Perinatal Health Professionals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:E1255. [PMID: 27999342 PMCID: PMC5201396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13121255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The exposure of pregnant women to environmental contaminants is a subject of international concern. However, the risk perception of these contaminants by health professionals (HP) has not been extensively investigated. The main objective of the PERI-HELPE study (Perception of Risk-HEaLth Professionals & Environment Study) was to assess the risk perception of environmental exposure of pregnant women by perinatal HPs. The secondary objectives were to describe the preventive attitudes of perinatal HPs concerning chemicals exposure of pregnant women and to identify the barriers to preventive attitude. A cross-sectional study was performed in 2015 in France. One hundred eighty-nine HPs (obstetricians, midwives, and general practitioners) replied to an online self-administered questionnaire (participation rate: 11%). Carbon monoxide, pesticides and lead were the contaminants most frequently perceived as a high risk for pregnant women. A minority of HPs asked women about their chemical exposure and advised them to reduce exposure. The lack of information, training and scientific evidence in environmental health were the main difficulties declared by the HPs to advise pregnant women. Despite the low response rate, our findings provide important information to encourage French health authorities to take into account the difficulties encountered by HPs and set up appropriate training programs in Environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Marie
- EA 4681, PEPRADE, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, 28 Place Henri-Dunant BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Pôle Santé Publique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, 58 Rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand CEDEX 1, France.
| | - Didier Lémery
- EA 4681, PEPRADE, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, 28 Place Henri-Dunant BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Pôle Gynécologie-obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, 58 Rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand CEDEX 1, France.
- Association des Utilisateurs de Dossiers informatisés en Pédiatrie, Obstétrique et Gynécologie (AUDIPOG), RTH Laennec Medical University, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Françoise Vendittelli
- EA 4681, PEPRADE, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, 28 Place Henri-Dunant BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Pôle Gynécologie-obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, 58 Rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand CEDEX 1, France.
- Association des Utilisateurs de Dossiers informatisés en Pédiatrie, Obstétrique et Gynécologie (AUDIPOG), RTH Laennec Medical University, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Marie-Pierre Sauvant-Rochat
- EA 4681, PEPRADE, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, 28 Place Henri-Dunant BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Département Santé Publique et Environnement, Faculté de Pharmacie, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, 28 place Henri-Dunant BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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