1
|
Berdugo M, Delaunay K, Naud MC, Guegan J, Moulin A, Savoldelli M, Picard E, Radet L, Jonet L, Djerada Z, Gozalo C, Daruich A, Beltrand J, Jeanny JC, Kermorvant-Duchemin E, Crisanti P, Polak M, Behar-Cohen F. The antidiabetic drug glibenclamide exerts direct retinal neuroprotection. Transl Res 2021; 229:83-99. [PMID: 33080394 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonylureas, widely used as hypoglycemic agents in adults with type 2 diabetes, have neuroprotective effects in preclinical models of central nervous system injury, and in children with neuropsychomotor impairments linked to neonatal diabetes secondary to ATP-sensitive potassium channel mutations. In the human and rodent retina, we show that the glibenclamide-activated channel sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) is expressed in the retina and enriched in the macula; we also show that it colocalizes with the potassium channel Kir6.2, and with the cation channel transporter TRPM4. Glibenclamide (glyburide), administered at doses that did not decrease the glycemia, or injected directly into the eye, protected the structure and the function of the retina in various models of retinal injury that recapitulate the pathogenic neurodegenerative events in the diabetic retina. The downregulation of SUR1 using a siRNA suppressed the neuroprotective effects of glibenclamide on excitotoxic stress-induced cell death. The glibenclamide effects include the transcriptional regulation of antioxidant and neuroprotective genes. Ocular glibenclamide could be repurposed for diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Berdugo
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Kimberley Delaunay
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Naud
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Justine Guegan
- iCONICS Corefacility, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Moulin
- Department of Ophthalmology of University of Lausanne, Jules Gonin Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michèle Savoldelli
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Picard
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Lolita Radet
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Jonet
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Zoubir Djerada
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Hôpital Maison Blanche, centre hospitalier et universitaire de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Claire Gozalo
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Hôpital Maison Blanche, centre hospitalier et universitaire de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Alejandra Daruich
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; AP-HP, Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Beltrand
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; AP-HP, Service d'Endocrinologie, Gynécologie et Diabétologie Pédiatriques, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Jeanny
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; AP-HP, Service de Néonatalogie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Crisanti
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Michel Polak
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; AP-HP, Service d'Endocrinologie, Gynécologie et Diabétologie Pédiatriques, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Team 17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases-Therapeutic Innovations, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; AP-HP, OphtalmoPôle, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ozkaya EK, Anderson G, Dhillon B, Bagnaninchi PO. Blue-light induced breakdown of barrier function on human retinal epithelial cells is mediated by PKC-ζ over-activation and oxidative stress. Exp Eye Res 2019; 189:107817. [PMID: 31563609 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to study the time course decrease of human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) barrier function when exposed to blue light. To this end, we cultured ARPE-19 cells on Electrical Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) multi-well arrays. Using an ad hoc light emitting diode (LED) array illumination system together with a set of neutral density filters and a 3-dimensional (3D) printed filter holder, cells were exposed to a gradient of irradiances of blue-light with a measured peak at 468 nm. The electrical resistance between 4 kHz and 64 kHz was recorded during the exposure. Blue light exposure induced a dose-dependent decrease in the resistances at 4 kHz, however the time course resistance at 64 kHz did not show any decrease before t = 52 h. Quantification of the barrier function using mathematical model integrated in the ECIS software showed that blue-light exposure induced a dose-dependent decrease in the barrier function associated with tight junction formation (P < 0.05). This was confirmed by the immunostaining of the tight-junction associated structural protein, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). The detection of reactive oxygen species by carboxy-H2DCFDA confirmed that the blue light induced dose-dependent decrease in the barrier function is mediated by oxidative stress. On a separate experiment, blue-light exposed ARPE-19 cells were treated with 100 nM Protein Kinase C zeta (PKC-ζ) pseudo substrate inhibitor to identify underlying pathway for blue-light induced damage on the barrier function. The treatment with 100 nM PKC-ζ pseudo substrate inhibitor induced faster recovery of the barrier function compared to no treatment. Altogether our results document that blue LED light exposure decreased RPE barrier function in-vitro in a dose-dependent manner, before any cell death occurred. This damage induced by blue-light on tight junctions is mediated by oxidative stress through PKC-ζ activation. The quantification of the healing effect observed by inhibition of PKC-ζ might lead to development of high throughput wound healing assays through ECIS in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ege Kaan Ozkaya
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, United Kingdom.
| | - Graham Anderson
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, United Kingdom.
| | - Baljean Dhillon
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jaadane I, Villalpando Rodriguez GE, Boulenguez P, Chahory S, Carré S, Savoldelli M, Jonet L, Behar-Cohen F, Martinsons C, Torriglia A. Effects of white light-emitting diode (LED) exposure on retinal pigment epithelium in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:3453-3466. [PMID: 28661040 PMCID: PMC5706508 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing and alteration of the functions of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are at the origin of lost of vision seen in age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). The RPE is known to be vulnerable to high‐energy blue light. The white light‐emitting diodes (LED) commercially available have relatively high content of blue light, a feature that suggest that they could be deleterious for this retinal cell layer. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of “white LED” exposure on RPE. For this, commercially available white LEDs were used for exposure experiments on Wistar rats. Immunohistochemical stain on RPE flat mount, transmission electron microscopy and Western blot were used to exam the RPE. LED‐induced RPE damage was evaluated by studying oxidative stress, stress response pathways and cell death pathways as well as the integrity of the outer blood–retinal barrier (BRB). We show that white LED light caused structural alterations leading to the disruption of the outer blood–retinal barrier. We observed an increase in oxidized molecules, disturbance of basal autophagy and cell death by necrosis. We conclude that white LEDs induced strong damages in rat RPE characterized by the breakdown of the BRB and the induction of necrotic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imene Jaadane
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,ENVA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort. Unité d'ophtalmologie, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Pierre Boulenguez
- Division Eclairage et électromagnétisme, CSTB, Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, Saint Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Sabine Chahory
- ENVA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort. Unité d'ophtalmologie, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Samuel Carré
- Division Eclairage et électromagnétisme, CSTB, Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, Saint Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Michèle Savoldelli
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Jonet
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Martinsons
- Division Eclairage et électromagnétisme, CSTB, Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, Saint Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Alicia Torriglia
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jaadane I, Chahory S, Leprêtre C, Omri B, Jonet L, Behar-Cohen F, Crisanti P, Torriglia A. The activation of the atypical PKC zeta in light-induced retinal degeneration and its involvement in L-DNase II control. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:1646-55. [PMID: 25781645 PMCID: PMC4511362 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-induced retinal degeneration is characterized by photoreceptor cell death. Many studies showed that photoreceptor demise is caspase-independent. In our laboratory we showed that leucocyte elastase inhibitor/LEI-derived DNase II (LEI/L-DNase II), a caspase-independent apoptotic pathway, is responsible for photoreceptor death. In this work, we investigated the activation of a pro-survival kinase, the protein kinase C (PKC) zeta. We show that light exposure induced PKC zeta activation. PKC zeta interacts with LEI/L-DNase II and controls its DNase activity by impairing its nuclear translocation. These results highlight the role of PKC zeta in retinal physiology and show that this kinase can control caspase-independent pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imene Jaadane
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Chahory
- ENVA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maison Alfort, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Leprêtre
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Boubaker Omri
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Jonet
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Hôpital Ophtalmique Jules-Gonin, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Crisanti
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Alicia Torriglia
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Omri S, Behar-Cohen F, Rothschild PR, Gélizé E, Jonet L, Jeanny JC, Omri B, Crisanti P. PKCζ mediates breakdown of outer blood-retinal barriers in diabetic retinopathy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81600. [PMID: 24312324 PMCID: PMC3843687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/hypothesis Diabetic macular edema represents the main cause of visual loss in diabetic retinopathy. Besides inner blood retinal barrier breakdown, the role of the outer blood retinal barrier breakdown has been poorly analyzed. We characterized the structural and molecular alterations of the outer blood retinal barrier during the time course of diabetes, focusing on PKCζ, a critical protein for tight junction assembly, known to be overactivated by hyperglycemia. Methods Studies were conducted on a type2 diabetes Goto-Kakizaki rat model. PKCζ level and subcellular localization were assessed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Cell death was detected by TUNEL assays. PKCζ level on specific layers was assessed by laser microdissection followed by Western blotting. The functional role of PKCζ was then evaluated in vivo, using intraocular administration of its specific inhibitor. Results PKCζ was localized in tight junction protein complexes of the retinal pigment epithelium and in photoreceptors inner segments. Strikingly, in outer segment PKCζ staining was restricted to cone photoreceptors. Short-term hyperglycemia induced activation and delocalization of PKCζ from both retinal pigment epithelium junctions and cone outer segment. Outer blood retinal barrier disruption and photoreceptor cone degeneration characterized long-term hyperglycemia. In vivo, reduction of PKCζ overactivation using a specific inhibitor, restored its tight-junction localization and not only improved the outer blood retinal barrier, but also reduced photoreceptor cell-death. Conclusions In the retina, hyperglycemia induced overactivation of PKCζ is associated with outer blood retinal barrier breakdown and photoreceptor degeneration. In vivo, short-term inhibition of PKCζ restores the outer barrier structure and reduces photoreceptor cell death, identifying PKCζ as a potential target for early and underestimated diabetes-induced retinal pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samy Omri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC-Paris6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC-Paris6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Raphaël Rothschild
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC-Paris6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Gélizé
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC-Paris6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Jonet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC-Paris6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Jean Claude Jeanny
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC-Paris6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Boubaker Omri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC-Paris6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Crisanti
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC-Paris6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Senol N, Ceyhan BM, Ersoy IH, Senol A, Acarturk G, Sutcu R. Aspirin increases NMDA receptor subunit 2A concentrations in rat hippocampus. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2011; 32:17-21. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2011.641975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
7
|
Lecain E, Omri B, Behar-Cohen F, Tran Ba Huy P, Crisanti P. The role of PKCzeta in amikacin-induced apoptosis in the cochlea: prevention by aspirin. Apoptosis 2007; 12:333-42. [PMID: 17191118 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-0580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are ototoxic, inducing irreversible sensorineural hearing loss mediated by oxidative and excitotoxic stresses. The NF-kappaB pathway is involved in the response to aminoglycoside damage in the cochlea. However, the molecular mechanisms of this ototoxicity remain unclear. We investigated the expression of PKCzeta, a key regulator of NF-kappaB activation, in response to aminoglycoside treatment. Amikacin induced PKCzeta cleavage and nuclear translocation. These events were concomitant with chromatin condensation and paralleled the decrease in NF-kappaB (p65) levels in the nucleus. Amikacin also induced the nuclear translocation of apoptotic inducing factor (AIF). Prior treatment with aspirin prevented PKCzeta cleavage and nuclear translocation. Thus, aspirin counteracts the early effects of amikacin, thereby protecting hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons. These results demonstrate that PKCzeta acts as sentinel connecting specific survival pathways to mediate cellular responses to amikacin ototoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lecain
- Hôpital Lariboisière, Service ORL, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Kozak Y, Omri B, Smith JR, Naud MC, Thillaye-Goldenberg B, Crisanti P. Protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta) regulates ocular inflammation and apoptosis in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU): signaling molecules involved in EIU resolution by PKCzeta inhibitor and interleukin-13. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2007; 170:1241-57. [PMID: 17392164 PMCID: PMC1829458 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2007.060236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We show that inhibitory effect of interleukin-13 on endotoxin-induced uveitis in the Lewis rat is dependent on signaling activity of protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta). To understand the effect of interleukin-13 or PKCzeta inhibitor treatment, the activation status of rat bone marrow-derived macrophages was studied in vitro. At 6 hours, lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages produced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) with nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB)/p65 expression. Treatment led to absence of NF-kappaB/p65 expression and low levels of TNF-alpha, suggesting accelerated inactivation of macrophages. At 24 hours after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, nuclear NF-kappaB/p65 decreased and nuclear NF-kappaB/p50 increased, associated with nuclear BCL-3 and a low level of TNF-alpha, indicating onset of spontaneous resolution. Treatment limited PKCzeta cleavage, with expression of nuclear NF-kappaB/p50 and BCL-3 and low nuclear NF-kappaB/p65 promoting macrophage survival, as evidenced by Bcl-2 expression. At 24 hours, intraocular treatment decreased membranous expression of PKCzeta by ocular cells, reduced vascular leakage with low nitric-oxide synthase-2 expression in vascular endothelial cells, and limited inflammatory cell infiltration with decreased intraocular TNF-alpha, interleukin-6, and nitric-oxide synthase-2 mRNA. Importantly, treatment decreased nuclear NF-kappaB/p65, increased transforming growth factor-beta2, and reduced caspase 3 expression in infiltrating macrophages, implying a change of their phenotype within ocular microenvironment. Treatment accelerated endotoxin-induced uveitis resolution through premature apoptosis of neutrophils related to high expression of toll-like receptor 4 and caspase 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne de Kozak
- INSERM U598, Centre Biomédical des Cordeliers, 15, rue de l'Ecole de Medecine 75270, Paris cedex 06, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liang H, Baudouin C, Behar-Cohen F, Crisanti P, Omri B. Protein kinase C-zeta mediates retinal degeneration in response to TNF. J Neuroimmunol 2007; 183:104-10. [PMID: 17207538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2006] [Revised: 11/24/2006] [Accepted: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) has been implicated in retinal ganglion cells (RGC) degeneration in glaucoma. Atypical protein kinase C (PKC) zeta is involved in cell protection against various stresses. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential proapoptotic effects of intravitreal injections of TNF with or without PKCzeta specific inhibitor on the rat retina. TNF was injected in the vitreous of rat eyes alone or in combination with specific PKCzeta inhibitor. PKCzeta and NF-kappaB were studied by immunohistochemistry and western-blotting analysis on retina, and apoptosis quantified by the TUNEL assay. While low basal PKCzeta was observed in the control eyes, TNF induced intense expression of PKCzeta mostly in bipolar cells processes. PKCzeta staining became nuclear when TNF was coinjected with PKCzeta inhibitor. TNF alone did not induce apoptosis in the retina. Coinjection of the PKCzeta-specific inhibitor and TNF, however, induced apoptosis in the inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers. The PKCzeta-specific inhibitor unmasks retinal cells to TNF cytotoxicity showing a link between the proapoptotic effects of TNF and the antiapoptotic PKCzeta signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liang
- INSERM, U598, Physiopathology of ocular diseases: therapeutic innovations, Department of Ophthalmology, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Ouest School of Medicine, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|