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Ye S, Feng K, Li Y, Liu S, Wu Q, Feng J, Liao X, Jiang C, Liang B, Yuan L, Chen H, Huang J, Yang Z, Lu Z, Li H. High homocysteine is associated with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus in deep perforating arteriopathy: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:382. [PMID: 37344765 PMCID: PMC10286484 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) remain unclear. Homocysteine may reduce the compliance of intracranial arteries and damage the endothelial function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which may be the underlying mechanism of iNPH. The overlap cases between deep perforating arteriopathy (DPA) and iNPH were not rare for the shared risk factors. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine and iNPH in DPA. METHODS A total of 41 DPA patients with iNPH and 49 DPA patients without iNPH were included. Demographic characteristics, vascular risk factors, laboratory results, and neuroimaging data were collected. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine and iNPH in DPA patients. RESULTS Patients with iNPH had significantly higher homocysteine levels than those without iNPH (median, 16.34 mmol/L versus 14.28 mmol/L; P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in CSVD burden scores between patients with iNPH and patients without iNPH. Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that patients with homocysteine levels in the Tertile3 were more likely to have iNPH than those in the Tertile1 (OR, 4.929; 95% CI, 1.612-15.071; P = 0.005). The association remained significant after multivariable adjustment for potential confounders, including age, male, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or hypercholesterolemia, and eGFR level. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that high serum homocysteine levels were independently associated with iNPH in DPA. However, further research is needed to determine the predictive value of homocysteine and to confirm the underlying mechanism between homocysteine and iNPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisheng Ye
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Kaiyan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Yizhong Li
- Department of Radiology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Sanxin Liu
- Department of Neurology, the third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Jinwen Feng
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Xiaorong Liao
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Chunmei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Radiology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Jinbo Huang
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
- Department of Neurology, Maoming maternal and child health Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Zhengqi Lu
- Department of Neurology, the third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China.
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Elewa YHA, Zahran MH, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Batiha GES. Parkinson's Disease Risk and Hyperhomocysteinemia: The Possible Link. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s10571-023-01350-8. [PMID: 37074484 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common degenerative brain disorders caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Lewy bodies and -synuclein accumulation in the SN are hallmarks of the neuropathology of PD. Due to lifestyle changes and prolonged L-dopa administration, patients with PD frequently have vitamin deficiencies, especially folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12. These disorders augment circulating levels of Homocysteine with the development of hyperhomocysteinemia, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, this review aimed to ascertain if hyperhomocysteinemia may play a part in oxidative and inflammatory signaling pathways that contribute to PD development. Hyperhomocysteinemia is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Hyperhomocysteinemia triggers the development and progression of PD by different mechanisms, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and endothelial dysfunction. Particularly, the progression of PD is linked with high inflammatory changes and systemic inflammatory disorders. Hyperhomocysteinemia induces immune activation and oxidative stress. In turn, activated immune response promotes the development and progression of hyperhomocysteinemia. Therefore, hyperhomocysteinemia-induced immunoinflammatory disorders and abnormal immune response may aggravate abnormal immunoinflammatory in PD, leading to more progression of PD severity. Also, inflammatory signaling pathways like nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and nod-like receptor pyrin 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and other signaling pathways are intricate in the pathogenesis of PD. In conclusion, hyperhomocysteinemia is involved in the development and progression of PD neuropathology either directly via induction degeneration of dopaminergic neurons or indirectly via activation of inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yaser Hosny Ali Elewa
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
- Faculty of Veterinary medicine , Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Mahmoud Hosny Zahran
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
- AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt.
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Arutjunyan AV, Milyutina YP, Shcherbitskaia AD, Kerkeshko GO, Zalozniaia IV. Epigenetic Mechanisms Involved in the Effects of Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia on the Functional State of Placenta and Nervous System Plasticity in the Offspring. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:435-456. [PMID: 37080931 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923040016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
According to modern view, susceptibility to diseases, specifically to cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders, can form during embryonic development. Adverse factors affecting mother during the pregnancy increase the risk of developing pathologies. Despite the association between elevated maternal blood homocysteine (Hcy) and fetal brain impairments, as well as cognitive deficits in the offspring, the role of brain plasticity in the development of these pathologies remains poorly studied. Here, we review the data on the negative impact of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the neural plasticity, in particular, its possible influence on the offspring brain plasticity through epigenetic mechanisms, such as changes in intracellular methylation potential, activity of DNA methyltransferases, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression in brain cells. Since placenta plays a key role in the transport of nutrients and transmission of signals from mother to fetus, its dysfunction due to aberrant epigenetic regulation can affect the development of fetal CNS. The review also presents the data on the impact of maternal HHcy on the epigenetic regulation in the placenta. The data presented in the review are not only interesting from purely scientific point of view, but can help in understanding the role of HHcy and epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as pregnancy pathologies resulting in the delayed development of fetal brain, cognitive impairments in the offspring during childhood, and neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders later in life, as well as in the search for approaches for their prevention using neuroprotectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Arutjunyan
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
- St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, 197110, Russia
| | - Yulia P Milyutina
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, 194100, Russia
| | - Anastasia D Shcherbitskaia
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Gleb O Kerkeshko
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, 197110, Russia
| | - Irina V Zalozniaia
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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4
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Arutjunyan AV, Kerkeshko GO, Milyutina YP, Shcherbitskaia AD, Zalozniaia IV, Mikhel AV, Inozemtseva DB, Vasilev DS, Kovalenko AA, Kogan IY. Imbalance of Angiogenic and Growth Factors in Placenta in Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:262-279. [PMID: 37072327 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that various adverse factors of different nature and action mechanisms have similar negative influence on placental angiogenesis, resulting in insufficiency of placental blood supply. One of the risk factors for pregnancy complications with placental etiology is an increased level of homocysteine in the blood of pregnant women. However, the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the development of the placenta and, in particular, on the formation of its vascular network is at present poorly understood. The aim of this work was to study the effect of maternal HHcy on the expression of angiogenic and growth factors (VEGF-A, MMP-2, VEGF-B, BDNF, NGF), as well as their receptors (VEGFR-2, TrkB, p75NTR), in the rat placenta. The effects of HHcy were studied in the morphologically and functionally different maternal and fetal parts of the placenta on the 14th and 20th day of pregnancy. The maternal HHcy caused increase in the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis markers accompanied by an imbalance of the studied angiogenic and growth factors in the maternal and/or fetal part of the placenta. The influence of maternal HHcy in most cases manifested in a decrease in the protein content (VEGF-A), enzymatic activity (MMP-2), gene expression (VEGFB, NGF, TRKB), and accumulation of precursor form (proBDNF) of the investigated factors. In some cases, the effects of HHcy differed depending on the placental part and stage of development. The influence of maternal HHcy on signaling pathways and processes controlled by the studied angiogenic and growth factors could lead to incomplete development of the placental vasculature and decrease in the placental transport, resulting in fetal growth restriction and impaired fetal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Arutjunyan
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Gleb O Kerkeshko
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Yulia P Milyutina
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, 194100, Russia
| | - Anastasiia D Shcherbitskaia
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Irina V Zalozniaia
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasiia V Mikhel
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Daria B Inozemtseva
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Vasilev
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Anna A Kovalenko
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Igor Yu Kogan
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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Ye M, Li H, Luo H, Zhou Y, Luo W, Lin Z. Potential Antioxidative Activity of Homocysteine in Erythrocytes under Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010202. [PMID: 36671064 PMCID: PMC9855177 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine is an amino acid containing a free sulfhydryl group, making it probably contribute to the antioxidative capacity in the body. We recently found that plasma total homocysteine (total-Hcy) concentration increased with time when whole blood samples were kept at room temperature. The present study was to elucidate how increased plasma total-Hcy is produced and explore the potential physiological role of homocysteine. Erythrocytes and leukocytes were separated and incubated in vitro; the amount of total-Hcy released by these two kinds of cells was then determined by HPLC-MS. The effects of homocysteine and methionine on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, osmotic fragility, and methemoglobin formation in erythrocytes under oxidative stress were studied. The reducing activities of homocysteine and methionine were tested by ferryl hemoglobin (Hb) decay assay. As a result, it was discovered that erythrocytes metabolized methionine to homocysteine, which was then oxidized within the cells and released to the plasma. Homocysteine and its precursor methionine could significantly decrease Rosup-induced ROS production in erythrocytes and inhibit Rosup-induced erythrocyte's osmotic fragility increase and methemoglobin formation. Homocysteine (but not methionine) was demonstrated to enhance ferryl Hb reduction. In conclusion, erythrocytes metabolize methionine to homocysteine, which contributes to the antioxidative capability under oxidative stress and might be a supplementary protective factor for erythrocytes against ROS damage.
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Epigenetic Regulation by microRNAs in Hyperhomocysteinemia-Accelerated Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012452. [PMID: 36293305 PMCID: PMC9604464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is specifically linked to various diseases of the vasculature such as atherosclerosis. However, the precise mechanisms by which Hcy contributes to this condition remain elusive. During the development of atherosclerosis, epigenetic modifications influence gene expression. As such, epigenetic modifications are an adaptive response to endogenous and exogenous factors that lead to altered gene expression by methylation and acetylation reactions of different substrates and the action of noncoding RNA including microRNAs (miRNAs). Epigenetic remodeling modulates cell biology in both physiological and physiopathological conditions. DNA and histone modification have been identified to have a crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis. However, the potential role of miRNAs in hyperHcy (HHcy)-related atherosclerosis disease remains poorly explored and might be essential as well. There is no review available yet summarizing the contribution of miRNAs to hyperhomocystein-mediated atherogenicity or their potential as therapeutic targets even though their important role has been described in numerous studies. Specifically, downregulation of miR-143 or miR-125b has been shown to regulate VSCMs proliferation in vitro. In preclinical studies, downregulation of miR-92 or miR195-3p has been shown to increase the accumulation of cholesterol in foam cells and increase macrophage inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation, respectively. Another preclinical study found that there is a reciprocal regulation between miR-148a/152 and DNMT1 in Hcy-accelerated atherosclerosis. Interestingly, a couple of studies have shown that miR-143 or miR-217 may be used as potential biomarkers in patients with HHcy that may develop atherosclerosis. Moreover, the current review will also update current knowledge on miRNA-based therapies, their challenges, and approaches to deal with Hcy-induced atherosclerosis.
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7
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Zhou H, Zhong X, Chen B, Wang Q, Zhang M, Mai N, Wu Z, Huang X, Chen X, Peng Q, Ning Y. Elevated homocysteine levels, white matter abnormalities and cognitive impairment in patients with late-life depression. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:931560. [PMID: 35923546 PMCID: PMC9340773 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.931560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive impairment in late−life depression (LLD) is considered to be caused by neurodegenerative changes. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels may be linked to cognitive abnormalities associated with LLD. The important role of white matter (WM) damage in cognitive impairment and pathogenesis in patients with LLD has been widely reported. However, no research has explored the interrelationships of these features in patients with LLD. Objective The goal of the study was to examine the interrelationship between Hcy levels, cognition, and variations in WM microstructure detected by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with LLD. Methods We recruited 89 healthy controls (HCs) and 113 patients with LLD; then, we measured the plasma Hcy levels of participants in both groups. All individuals performed a battery of neuropsychological tests to measure cognitive ability. Seventy-four patients with LLD and 68 HCs experienced a DTI magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Results Patients with LLD showed significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculus than those of healthy participants. Only in LLD patients was Hcy concentration inversely associated to FA values in the forceps minor. Finally, multiple regression analyses showed that an interaction between Hcy levels and FA values in the right cingulum of the cingulate cortex and right inferior longitudinal fasciculus were independent contributors to the executive function of patients with LLD. Conclusion Our results highlight the complex interplay between elevated homocysteine levels and WM abnormalities in the pathophysiology of LLD-related cognitive impairment, consistent with the neurodegeneration hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Zhou
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhong
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ben Chen
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Naikeng Mai
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangying Wu
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingxiao Huang
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuping Ning,
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Zhang DD, Cao Y, Mu JY, Liu YM, Gao F, Han F, Zhai FF, Zhou LX, Ni J, Yao M, Li ML, Jin ZY, Zhang SY, Cui LY, Shen Y, Zhu YC. Inflammatory biomarkers and cerebral small vessel disease: a community-based cohort study. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2022; 7:302-309. [PMID: 35260438 PMCID: PMC9453831 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2021-001102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Although inflammation has been proposed to be a candidate risk factor for cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), previous findings remain largely inconclusive and vary according to disease status and study designs. The present study aimed to investigate possible associations between inflammatory biomarkers and MRI markers of CSVD. Methods A group of 15 serum inflammatory biomarkers representing a variety of those putatively involved in the inflammatory cascade was grouped and assessed in a cross-sectional study involving 960 stroke-free subjects. The biomarker panel was grouped as follows: systemic inflammation (high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor α), endothelial-related inflammation (E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), CD40 ligand, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, chitinase-3-like-1 protein and total homocysteine (tHCY)) and media-related inflammation (matrix metalloproteinases 2, 3 and 9, and osteopontin). The association(s) between different inflammatory groups and white matter hyperintensity (WMH), lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), enlarged perivascular space (PVS) and the number of deep medullary veins (DMVs) were investigated. Results High levels of serum endothelial-related inflammatory biomarkers were associated with both increased WMH volume (R2=0.435, p=0.015) and the presence of lacunes (R2=0.254, p=0.027). Backward stepwise elimination of individual inflammatory biomarkers for endothelial-related biomarkers revealed that VCAM-1 was significant for WMH (β=0.063, p=0.005) and tHCY was significant for lacunes (β=0.069, p<0.001). There was no association between any group of inflammatory biomarkers and CMBs or PVS. Systemic inflammatory biomarkers were associated with fewer DMVs (R2=0.032, p=0.006), and backward stepwise elimination of individual systemic-related inflammatory biomarkers revealed that hsCRP (β=−0.162, p=0.007) was significant. Conclusion WMH and lacunes were associated with endothelial-related inflammatory biomarkers, and fewer DMVs were associated with systemic inflammation, thus suggesting different underlying inflammatory processes and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Ding Zhang
- Central Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Mu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Ming Liu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-Fei Zhai
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Xin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Li Li
- Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Jin
- Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ying Cui
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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9
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Seminotti B, Grings M, Tucci P, Leipnitz G, Saso L. Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 Signaling in the Neuropathophysiology of Inherited Metabolic Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:785057. [PMID: 34955754 PMCID: PMC8693715 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.785057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are rare genetic conditions that affect multiple organs, predominantly the central nervous system. Since treatment for a large number of IMDs is limited, there is an urgent need to find novel therapeutical targets. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that has a key role in controlling the intracellular redox environment by regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes and several important genes related to redox homeostasis. Considering that oxidative stress along with antioxidant system alterations is a mechanism involved in the neuropathophysiology of many IMDs, this review focuses on the current knowledge about Nrf2 signaling dysregulation observed in this group of disorders characterized by neurological dysfunction. We review here Nrf2 signaling alterations observed in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, glutaric acidemia type I, hyperhomocysteinemia, and Friedreich’s ataxia. Additionally, beneficial effects of different Nrf2 activators are shown, identifying a promising target for treatment of patients with these disorders. We expect that this article stimulates research into the investigation of Nrf2 pathway involvement in IMDs and the use of potential pharmacological modulators of this transcription factor to counteract oxidative stress and exert neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Seminotti
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mateus Grings
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Preliminary analysis of immunoregulatory mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced brain injury in Wistar-Kyoto rats. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:483. [PMID: 33790992 PMCID: PMC8005698 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) can be used as an independent risk factor for predicting cardiovascular disease, stroke and vitamin B12 deficiency. Patients with HHcy have elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations. Enhancing cerebrovascular permeability of substances such as Hcy and brain damage will synergistically increase the symptoms of hypertension, but the specific immune regulation mechanism is still not clear. The purpose of the present study was to preliminarily explore the immunomodulatory mechanism of brain damage caused by HHcy in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. A total of 60 WKYs were randomly divided into three groups: WKY control group (WKY-C group), WKY methionine group (WKY-M group) and WKY treatment group (WKY-T group; vitamin B6, B12 and folic acid were used as treatment), with 20 rats in each group. Physical examination of body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and plasma Hcy content was performed routinely. The concentration of cytokines, including IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and TGF-β, associated with T helper cell 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and key regulator genes, including retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γ t (RORγt) and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3), were detected by ELISA, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Th17/Treg lymphocytes were determined by flow cytometry. MRI scan was preliminarily used to detect the changes characteristic of the ischemic stroke. The results revealed that high methionine diets might have a significant effect on the body weight and SBP. The inflammatory response effect of Treg cells was significantly inhibited in the WKY-M group, and that of Th17 cells was upregulated when compared to the WKY-T group. Compared with the WKY-T group, the expression levels of IL-17A and RORγt in the WKY-M group were significantly upregulated, while the mRNA levels of FoxP3 in the WKY-M group were significantly downregulated. The diet intervention (including vitamins B6 and B12 and folic acid) could reduce the level of Hcy in the blood, but also reduce the inflammatory response and rectify the Treg/Th17 immune imbalance to ameliorate the brain tissue damage. In conclusion, the present study indicated that HHcy can promote inflammation by triggering Treg/Th17 immune imbalance to ameliorate the brain tissue damage.
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11
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Paganelli F, Mottola G, Fromonot J, Marlinge M, Deharo P, Guieu R, Ruf J. Hyperhomocysteinemia and Cardiovascular Disease: Is the Adenosinergic System the Missing Link? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1690. [PMID: 33567540 PMCID: PMC7914561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCy) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear. HHCy is associated with inflammation and atherosclerosis, and it is an independent risk factor for CVD, stroke and myocardial infarction. However, homocysteine (HCy)-lowering therapy does not affect the inflammatory state of CVD patients, and it has little influence on cardiovascular risk. The HCy degradation product hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a cardioprotector. Previous research proposed a positive role of H2S in the cardiovascular system, and we discuss some recent data suggesting that HHCy worsens CVD by increasing the production of H2S, which decreases the expression of adenosine A2A receptors on the surface of immune and cardiovascular cells to cause inflammation and ischemia, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Paganelli
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiology, North Hospital, F-13015 Marseille, France
| | - Giovanna Mottola
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Julien Fromonot
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marion Marlinge
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Deharo
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiology, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Régis Guieu
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Ruf
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
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12
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Amer ME, Othamn AI, El-Missiry MA. Melatonin ameliorates diabetes-induced brain injury in rats. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151677. [PMID: 33401187 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic brain is a serious complication of diabetes, and it is associated with oxidative stress and neuronal injury. This study investigated the protective effect of melatonin (MLT) on diabetes-induced brain injury. A rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was produced by intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide 100 mg/kg, followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 55 mg/kg. The diabetic rats were orally administered MLT 10 mg/kg of body weight for 15 days. MLT remarkably downregulated serum glucose levels. It also improved levels of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal, improved levels of antioxidants including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in the brains of the diabetic rats, and this is indicative of the antioxidant potential of MLT. MLT also prevented increase in homocysteine, amyloid-β42 and tau levels in diabetic rats, and this suggests that it can reduce the risk of dementia. This is associated with reduction in the levels of the dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate and is indicative of the regulatory effect of MLT on neurotransmitters. Treatment with MLT improved diabetes-induced structural alteration in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. MLT significantly reduced caspase-3 and Bax as well as significantly increase Bcl-2 protein and GFAP-positive astrocytes indicating its anti-apoptotic effect. MLT showed remarkable ameliorative effect against biochemical and molecular alterations in the brains of diabetic rats most likely through its antioxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie E Amer
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Azza I Othamn
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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13
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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Molecular and biochemical investigations of inborn errors of metabolism-altered redox homeostasis in branched-chain amino acid disorders, organic acidurias, and homocystinuria. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:627-640. [PMID: 33504220 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1877286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
India, resembling other developing nations, is confronting a hastening demographic switch to non-communicable diseases. Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) constitute a varied heterogeneous group of disorders with variable clinical appearance, primarily in the pediatric populace. Congenital deformities and genetic disorders are significant for mortality throughout the world, and the Indian scenario is not very different. IEMs are a group of monogenic issues described by dysregulation of the metabolic networks that bring about development and homeostasis. Incipient evidence focuses on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as significant contributors to the multiorgan modifications are detected in a few IEMs. The amassing of toxic metabolites in organic acidurias, respiratory chain, and fatty acid oxidation ailments inhibit mitochondrial enzymes and processes, bringing about elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In different IEMs, as in homocystinuria, various sources of ROS have been suggested. In patients' samples along with cellular and experimental animal models, a few investigations have recognized substantial increments in ROS levels alongside diminishes in antioxidant defenses, relating with oxidative damage to proteins, lipids as well as DNA. Elevated ROS levels interrupt redox signaling pathways controlling biological processes such as cell development, differentiation, or apoptosis; however, few investigations explore these processes in IEMs. This review depicts the mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, redox signaling in branched-chain amino acid disorders, further organic acidurias, and homocystinuria, alongside the latest research investigating the proficiency of antioxidants in addition to mitochondria-targeted therapies as therapeutic components in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Ray
- Department of Applied Sciences, Indira Gandhi Technological and Medical Sciences University, Ziro, Arunachal , Pradesh, India
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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14
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Cao Y, Su N, Zhang D, Zhou L, Yao M, Zhang S, Cui L, Zhu Y, Ni J. Correlation between total homocysteine and cerebral small vessel disease: A Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Neurol 2021; 28:1931-1938. [PMID: 33377242 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a clinical imaging syndrome with diverse etiology. Total homocysteine (HCY) level might increase the risk of myocardial and cerebral infarction by damaging the vascular endothelium. We aimed to explore the correlation between total HCY and CSVD imaging burden, based on Mendelian randomization methods. METHODS A total of 1,023 participants of the Shunyi study, a population-based cohort study, were included. Vascular risk factors, total HCY levels and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutations (C677T and A1298C) were examined. CSVD imaging markers, including lacunes, cerebral microbleeds, white matter hyperintensity, enlarged perivascular space and brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) were also assessed. RESULTS Mutations of C677T were significantly correlated with increased total HCY levels (CC→TT: β = 0.28, p < 0.0001), while mutations of A1298C were correlated with decreased total HCY levels (AA→AC: β = -0.13, p < 0.0001; AA→CC: β = -0.25, p = 0.004). In the Mendelian randomization study, the C677T genotype was significantly associated with lacunes (CC→CT: odds ratio [OR] 2.76, p = 0.008; CC→TT: OR 2.50, p = 0.018), and the A1298C genotype was significantly correlated with BPF (AA→CC: β = 1.32, p = 0.015). Similarly, in multivariate regression analysis, total HCY levels were significantly correlated with lacunes (OR 2.14, p < 0.0001) and negatively correlated with BPF (β = -0.55, p = 0.004). Age, sex and vascular risk factors were adjusted for. CONCLUSIONS Total HCY level was correlated with imaging burden of CSVD, especially with lacunes and brain volume loss. For individuals with risk genetic predisposition, enhanced homocysteine-lowering strategies might be necessary to reduce the risk and progress of CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Cao
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Su
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- Central Research Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Cui
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yicheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Involvements of Hyperhomocysteinemia in Neurological Disorders. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11010037. [PMID: 33419180 PMCID: PMC7825518 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (HCY), a physiological amino acid formed when proteins break down, leads to a pathological condition called hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY), when it is over a definite limit. It is well known that an increase in HCY levels in blood, can contribute to arterial damage and several cardiovascular disease, but the knowledge about the relationship between HCY and brain disorders is very poor. Recent studies demonstrated that an alteration in HCY metabolism or a deficiency in folate or vitamin B12 can cause altered methylation and/or redox potentials, that leads to a modification on calcium influx in cells, or into an accumulation in amyloid and/or tau protein involving a cascade of events that culminate in apoptosis, and, in the worst conditions, neuronal death. The present review will thus summarize how much is known about the possible role of HHCY in neurodegenerative disease.
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16
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Zuhra K, Augsburger F, Majtan T, Szabo C. Cystathionine-β-Synthase: Molecular Regulation and Pharmacological Inhibition. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E697. [PMID: 32365821 PMCID: PMC7277093 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), the first (and rate-limiting) enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway, is an important mammalian enzyme in health and disease. Its biochemical functions under physiological conditions include the metabolism of homocysteine (a cytotoxic molecule and cardiovascular risk factor) and the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous biological mediator with multiple regulatory roles in the vascular, nervous, and immune system. CBS is up-regulated in several diseases, including Down syndrome and many forms of cancer; in these conditions, the preclinical data indicate that inhibition or inactivation of CBS exerts beneficial effects. This article overviews the current information on the expression, tissue distribution, physiological roles, and biochemistry of CBS, followed by a comprehensive overview of direct and indirect approaches to inhibit the enzyme. Among the small-molecule CBS inhibitors, the review highlights the specificity and selectivity problems related to many of the commonly used "CBS inhibitors" (e.g., aminooxyacetic acid) and provides a comprehensive review of their pharmacological actions under physiological conditions and in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Fiona Augsburger
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Tomas Majtan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
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17
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Chen YN, Wei P, Yu Bs J. Higher concentration of serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen is positively related with inflammatory factors in postmenopausal women with H-type hypertension and osteoporosis. Orthop Surg 2019; 11:1135-1141. [PMID: 31823500 PMCID: PMC6904650 DOI: 10.1111/os.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of inflammatory factors and bone metabolism markers in postmenopausal women with H-type hypertension and to assess the relationship between them. METHODS Postmenopausal women who were diagnosed with osteoporosis were selected as observation objects. Participants were divided into three groups: only osteoporosis group (osteoporosis group), hypertension combined with osteoporosis group (hypertension group), and H-type hypertension combined with osteoporosis group (H-type hypertension group). The changes in bone mineral density and bone metabolic markers (osteocalcin [OC], procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), and C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX]) and inflammatory factors (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) were compared among three groups. RESULTS In the hypertension group and the H-type hypertension group, the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (0.647 ± 0.038 vs 0.638 ± 0.034 vs 0.668 ± 0.047, P < 0.05) and the femoral neck (0.567 ± 0.047 vs 0.552 ± 0.053 vs 0.618 ± 0.059, P < 0.05) was significantly lower than that in the osteoporosis group. The concentrations of CTX (266.61 ± 64.65 vs 293.09 ± 72.34 vs 235.48 ± 62.85, P < 0.05), IL-6 (44.36 ± 6.45 vs 48.05 ± 8.04 vs 39.06 ± 7.95, P < 0.05) and TNF-α (30.53 ± 6.28 vs 34.52 ± 7.15 vs 28.66 ± 6.19, P < 0.01) in the hypertension group and in the H-type hypertension group were significantly higher than those in the osteoporosis group. The concentrations of OC (30.59 ± 6.43 vs 27.10 ± 6.51, P < 0.05) and PINP (36.36 ± 6.16 vs 33.16 ± 6.77, P < 0.05) in the H-type hypertension group were increased dramatically. The concentration of CTX was positively correlated with the concentration of IL-6 (r = 0.587, P < 0.01) and TNF-α (r = 0.474, P < 0.01) and negatively related with the concentration of OC (r = -0.591, P < 0.01) and PINP (r = -0.646, P < 0.01) and the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (r = -0.470, P < 0.01) and the femoral neck (r = -0.509, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Higher concentration of serum CTX is found in postmenopausal women with H-type hypertension, which is positively correlated with inflammatory factors. Besides, H-type hypertension could further enhance the activity of osteoclasts and increase the expressions of inflammatory factors, resulting in the aggravation of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ning Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian Yu Bs
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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Wyse ATS, Sanches EF, Dos Santos TM, Siebert C, Kolling J, Netto CA. Chronic mild hyperhomocysteinemia induces anxiety-like symptoms, aversive memory deficits and hippocampus atrophy in adult rats: New insights into physiopathological mechanisms. Brain Res 2019; 1728:146592. [PMID: 31816318 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, increased homocysteine levels have been implicated as a risk factor for neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. We have developed an experimental model of chronic mild hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in order to observe metabolic impairments in the brain of adult rodents. Besides its known effects on brain metabolism, the present study sought to investigate whether chronic mild HHcy could induce learning/memory impairments associated with biochemical and histological damage to the hippocampus. Adult male Wistar rats received daily subcutaneous injections of homocysteine (0.03 μmol/g of body weight) twice a day, from the 30th to the 60th day of life or saline solution (Controls). After injections, anxiety-like and memory tests were performed. Following behavioral analyses, brains were sliced and hippocampal volumes assessed and homogenized for redox state assessment, antioxidant activity, mitochondrial functioning (chain respiratory enzymes and ATP levels) and DNA damage analyses. Behavioral analyses showed that chronic mild HHcy may induce anxiety-like behavior and impair long-term aversive memory (24 h) that was evaluated by inhibitory avoidance task. Mild HHcy decreased locomotor and/or exploratory activities in elevated plus maze test and caused hippocampal atrophy. Decrease in cytochrome c oxidase, DNA damage and redox state changes were also observed in hippocampus of adult rats subjected to mild HHcy. Our findings show that chronic mild HHcy alters biochemical and histological parameters in the hippocampus, leading to behavioral impairments. These findings might be considered in future studies aiming to search for alternative strategies for treating the behavioral impairments in patients with mild elevations in homocysteine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T S Wyse
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - E F Sanches
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - T M Dos Santos
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - C Siebert
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J Kolling
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - C A Netto
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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19
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Van Hove JLK, Freehauf CL, Ficicioglu C, Pena LDM, Moreau KL, Henthorn TK, Christians U, Jiang H, Cowan TM, Young SP, Hite M, Friederich MW, Stabler SP, Spector EB, Kronquist KE, Thomas JA, Emmett P, Harrington MJ, Pyle L, Creadon-Swindell G, Wempe MF, MacLean KN. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction in inherited cystathionine β-synthase deficient homocystinuria and the impact of taurine treatment in a phase 1/2 human clinical trial. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:424-437. [PMID: 30873612 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE A phase 1/2 clinical trial was performed in individuals with cystathionine β synthase (CBS) deficient homocystinuria with aims to: (a) assess pharmacokinetics and safety of taurine therapy, (b) evaluate oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular function in CBS deficiency, and (c) evaluate the impact of short-term taurine treatment. METHODS Individuals with pyridoxine-nonresponsive CBS deficiency with homocysteine >50 μM, without inflammatory disorder or on antioxidant therapy were enrolled. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation [FMD]), and disease-related metabolites obtained at baseline were compared to normal values. While maintaining current treatment, patients were treated with 75 mg/kg taurine twice daily, and treatment response assessed after 4 hours and 4 days. RESULTS Fourteen patients (8-35 years; 8 males, 6 females) were enrolled with baseline homocysteine levels 161 ± 67 μM. The study found high-dose taurine to be safe when excluding preexisting hypertriglyceridemia. Taurine pharmacokinetics showed a rapid peak level returning to near normal levels at 12 hours, but had slow accumulation and elevated predosing levels after 4 days of treatment. Only a single parameter of oxidative stress, 2,3-dinor-8-isoprostaglandin-F2α, was elevated at baseline, with no elevated inflammatory parameters, and no change in FMD values overall. Taurine had no effect on any of these parameters. However, the effect of taurine was strongly related to pretreatment FMD values; and taurine significantly improved FMD in the subset of individuals with pretreatment FMD values <10% and in individuals with homocysteine levels >125 μM, pertinent to endothelial function. CONCLUSION Taurine improves endothelial function in CBS-deficient homocystinuria in patients with preexisting reduced function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Cynthia L Freehauf
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Can Ficicioglu
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Loren D M Pena
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kerrie L Moreau
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Geriatric Research and Education Center, Denver Veterans Administration Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Thomas K Henthorn
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Tina M Cowan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Sarah P Young
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michelle Hite
- Research Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sally P Stabler
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Elaine B Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kathryn E Kronquist
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Janet A Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Peggy Emmett
- CTRC Core Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mary J Harrington
- CTRC Core Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Michael F Wempe
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kenneth N MacLean
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
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20
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Esse R, Barroso M, Tavares de Almeida I, Castro R. The Contribution of Homocysteine Metabolism Disruption to Endothelial Dysfunction: State-of-the-Art. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E867. [PMID: 30781581 PMCID: PMC6412520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing non-proteinogenic amino acid formed during the metabolism of the essential amino acid methionine. Hcy is considered a risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the molecular basis of these associations remains elusive. The impairment of endothelial function, a key initial event in the setting of atherosclerosis and CVD, is recurrently observed in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). Various observations may explain the vascular toxicity associated with HHcy. For instance, Hcy interferes with the production of nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous master regulator of endothelial homeostasis. Moreover, Hcy deregulates the signaling pathways associated with another essential endothelial gasotransmitter: hydrogen sulfide. Hcy also mediates the loss of critical endothelial antioxidant systems and increases the intracellular concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) yielding oxidative stress. ROS disturb lipoprotein metabolism, contributing to the growth of atherosclerotic vascular lesions. Moreover, excess Hcy maybe be indirectly incorporated into proteins, a process referred to as protein N-homocysteinylation, inducing vascular damage. Lastly, cellular hypomethylation caused by build-up of S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) also contributes to the molecular basis of Hcy-induced vascular toxicity, a mechanism that has merited our attention in particular. AdoHcy is the metabolic precursor of Hcy, which accumulates in the setting of HHcy and is a negative regulator of most cell methyltransferases. In this review, we examine the biosynthesis and catabolism of Hcy and critically revise recent findings linking disruption of this metabolism and endothelial dysfunction, emphasizing the impact of HHcy on endothelial cell methylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Esse
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Madalena Barroso
- University Children's Research@Kinder-UKE, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Isabel Tavares de Almeida
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Genetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Rita Castro
- Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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21
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Maclean KN, Jiang H, Phinney WN, Keating AK, Hurt KJ, Stabler SP. Taurine alleviates repression of betaine‐homocysteine S‐methyltransferase and significantly improves the efficacy of long‐term betaine treatment in a mouse model of cystathionine β‐synthase–deficient homocystinuria. FASEB J 2019; 33:6339-6353. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802069rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth N. Maclean
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Whitney N. Phinney
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Amy K. Keating
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - K. Joseph Hurt
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Sally P. Stabler
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
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22
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Altered Redox Homeostasis in Branched-Chain Amino Acid Disorders, Organic Acidurias, and Homocystinuria. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1246069. [PMID: 29743968 PMCID: PMC5884027 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1246069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a group of monogenic disorders characterized by dysregulation of the metabolic networks that underlie development and homeostasis. Emerging evidence points to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as major contributors to the multiorgan alterations observed in several IEMs. The accumulation of toxic metabolites in organic acidurias, respiratory chain, and fatty acid oxidation disorders inhibits mitochondrial enzymes and processes resulting in elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In other IEMs, as in homocystinuria, different sources of ROS have been proposed. In patients' samples, as well as in cellular and animal models, several studies have identified significant increases in ROS levels along with decreases in antioxidant defences, correlating with oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA. Elevated ROS disturb redox-signaling pathways regulating biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, or cell death; however, there are few studies investigating these processes in IEMs. In this review, we describe the published data on mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and impaired redox signaling in branched-chain amino acid disorders, other organic acidurias, and homocystinuria, along with recent studies exploring the efficiency of antioxidants and mitochondria-targeted therapies as therapeutic compounds in these diseases.
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23
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Dayon L, Guiraud SP, Corthésy J, Da Silva L, Migliavacca E, Tautvydaitė D, Oikonomidi A, Moullet B, Henry H, Métairon S, Marquis J, Descombes P, Collino S, Martin FPJ, Montoliu I, Kussmann M, Wojcik J, Bowman GL, Popp J. One-carbon metabolism, cognitive impairment and CSF measures of Alzheimer pathology: homocysteine and beyond. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2017. [PMID: 28623948 PMCID: PMC5473969 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-017-0270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer disease (AD). Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid and metabolite of the methionine pathway. The interrelated methionine, purine, and thymidylate cycles constitute the one-carbon metabolism that plays a critical role in the synthesis of DNA, neurotransmitters, phospholipids, and myelin. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that one-carbon metabolites beyond Hcy are relevant to cognitive function and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures of AD pathology in older adults. Methods Cross-sectional analysis was performed on matched CSF and plasma collected from 120 older community-dwelling adults with (n = 72) or without (n = 48) cognitive impairment. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to quantify one-carbon metabolites and their cofactors. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was initially applied to clinical and biomarker measures that generate the highest diagnostic accuracy of a priori-defined cognitive impairment (Clinical Dementia Rating-based) and AD pathology (i.e., CSF tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 [p-tau181]/β-Amyloid 1–42 peptide chain [Aβ1–42] >0.0779) to establish a reference benchmark. Two other LASSO-determined models were generated that included the one-carbon metabolites in CSF and then plasma. Correlations of CSF and plasma one-carbon metabolites with CSF amyloid and tau were explored. LASSO-determined models were stratified by apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status. Results The diagnostic accuracy of cognitive impairment for the reference model was 80.8% and included age, years of education, Aβ1–42, tau, and p-tau181. A model including CSF cystathionine, methionine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), serine, cysteine, and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) improved the diagnostic accuracy to 87.4%. A second model derived from plasma included cystathionine, glycine, methionine, SAH, SAM, serine, cysteine, and Hcy and reached a diagnostic accuracy of 87.5%. CSF SAH and 5-MTHF were associated with CSF tau and p-tau181. Plasma one-carbon metabolites were able to diagnose subjects with a positive CSF profile of AD pathology in APOE ε4 carriers. Conclusions We observed significant improvements in the prediction of cognitive impairment by adding one-carbon metabolites. This is partially explained by associations with CSF tau and p-tau181, suggesting a role for one-carbon metabolism in the aggregation of tau and neuronal injury. These metabolites may be particularly critical in APOE ε4 carriers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13195-017-0270-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Dayon
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Seu Ping Guiraud
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Corthésy
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laeticia Da Silva
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Migliavacca
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Domilė Tautvydaitė
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aikaterini Oikonomidi
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Moullet
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Department of Laboratories, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Métairon
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Marquis
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Descombes
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastiano Collino
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François-Pierre J Martin
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Montoliu
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kussmann
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Present address: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Gene L Bowman
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Arora K, Sequeira JM, Hernández AI, Alarcon JM, Quadros EV. Behavioral alterations are associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in the transcobalamin receptor/CD320 KO mouse. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177156. [PMID: 28545069 PMCID: PMC5436650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency is prevalent worldwide and causes megaloblastic anemia and neurologic deficits. While the anemia can be treated, the neurologic deficits can become refractive to treatment as the disease progresses. Therefore, timely intervention is critical for a favorable outcome. Moreover, the metabolic basis for the neuro-pathologic changes and the role of cobalamin deficiency in the pathology still remains unexplained. Using a transcobalamin receptor / CD320 knockout mouse that lacks the receptor for cellular uptake of transcobalamin bound cobalamin, we aimed to determine whether cobalamin deficiency in the central nervous system produced functional neurologic deficits in the mouse that would parallel those observed in humans. Our behavioral analyses indicate elevated anxiety and deficits in learning, memory and set-shifting of a spatial memory task in the KO mouse. Consistent with the behavioral deficits, the knockout mouse shows impaired expression of the early phase of hippocampal long-term potentiation along with reduced expression of GluR1, decreased brain mass and a significant reduction in the size of nuclei of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Our study suggests that the CD320 knockout mouse develops behavioral deficits associated with cobalamin deficiency and therefore could provide a model to understand the metabolic and genetic basis of neuro-pathologic changes due to cobalamin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri Arora
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey M. Sequeira
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Alejandro I. Hernández
- Department of Pathology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Juan M. Alarcon
- Department of Pathology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Edward V. Quadros
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
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