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Huai M, Wang Y, Li J, Pan J, Sun F, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Xu L. Intelligent nanovesicle for remodeling tumor microenvironment and circulating tumor chemoimmunotherapy amplification. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:257. [PMID: 38755645 PMCID: PMC11097415 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Imperceptible examination and unideal treatment effect are still intractable difficulties for the clinical treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). At present, despite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), as a clinical first-line FOLFIRINOX chemo-drug, has achieved significant therapeutic effects. Nevertheless, these unavoidable factors such as low solubility, lack of biological specificity and easy to induce immunosuppressive surroundings formation, severely limit their treatment in PDAC. As an important source of energy for many tumor cells, tryptophan (Trp), is easily degraded to kynurenine (Kyn) by indolamine 2,3- dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which activates the axis of Kyn-AHR to form special suppressive immune microenvironment that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. However, our research findings that 5-FU can induce effectively immunogenic cell death (ICD) to further treat tumor by activating immune systems, while the secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) re-induce the Kyn-AHR axis activation, leading to poor treatment efficiency. Therefore, a metal matrix protease-2 (MMP-2) and endogenous GSH dual-responsive liposomal-based nanovesicle, co-loading with 5-FU (anti-cancer drug) and NLG919 (IDO1 inhibitor), was constructed (named as ENP919@5-FU). The multifunctional ENP919@5-FU can effectively reshape the tumor immunosuppression microenvironment to enhance the effect of chemoimmunotherapy, thereby effectively inhibiting cancer growth. Mechanistically, PDAC with high expression of MMP-2 will propel the as-prepared nanovesicle to dwell in tumor region via shedding PEG on the nanovesicle surface, effectively enhancing tumor uptake. Subsequently, the S-S bond containing nanovesicle was cut via high endogenous GSH, leading to the continued release of 5-FU and NLG919, thereby enabling circulating chemoimmunotherapy to effectively cause tumor ablation. Moreover, the combination of ENP919@5-FU and PD-L1 antibody (αPD-L1) showed a synergistic anti-tumor effect on the PDAC model with abdominal cavity metastasis. Collectively, ENP919@5-FU nanovesicle, as a PDAC treatment strategy, showed excellent antitumor efficacy by remodeling tumor microenvironment to circulate tumor chemoimmunotherapy amplification, which has promising potential in a precision medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manxiu Huai
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Junhao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiaxing Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Feiyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Leiming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zheng R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Guo S, Jin X, Zhang J, Guan Y, Liu Y. Frontiers and future of immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer: from molecular mechanisms to clinical application. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1383978. [PMID: 38756774 PMCID: PMC11096556 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignant tumor, that is becoming increasingly common in recent years. Despite advances in intensive treatment modalities including surgery, radiotherapy, biological therapy, and targeted therapy, the overall survival rate has not significantly improved in patients with pancreatic cancer. This may be attributed to the insidious onset, unknown pathophysiology, and poor prognosis of the disease. It is therefore essential to identify and develop more effective and safer treatments for pancreatic cancer. Tumor immunotherapy is the new and fourth pillar of anti-tumor therapy after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Significant progress has made in the use of immunotherapy for a wide variety of malignant tumors in recent years; a breakthrough has also been made in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This review describes the advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, oncolytic virus, and matrix-depletion therapies for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. At the same time, some new potential biomarkers and potential immunotherapy combinations for pancreatic cancer are discussed. The molecular mechanisms of various immunotherapies have also been elucidated, and their clinical applications have been highlighted. The current challenges associated with immunotherapy and proposed strategies that hold promise in overcoming these limitations have also been discussed, with the aim of offering new insights into immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yufu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongxian Liu
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shutong Guo
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuehong Guan
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yusi Liu
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan’an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China
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Nova P, Gomes AM, Costa-Pinto AR. It comes from the sea: macroalgae-derived bioactive compounds with anti-cancer potential. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:462-476. [PMID: 36842998 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2174068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Nature derived compounds represent a valuable source of bioactive molecules with enormous potential. The sea is one of the richest environments, full of skilled organisms, where algae stand out due to their unique characteristics. Marine macroalgae adapt their phenotypic characteristics, such as chemical composition, depending on the environmental conditions where they live. The compounds produced by these organisms show tremendous potential to be used in the biomedical field, due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-cancer properties.Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world, and the lack of effective treatments highlights the urgent need for the development of new therapeutic strategies. This review provides an overview of the current advances regarding the anti-cancer activity of the three major groups of marine macroalgae, i.e., red algae (Rhodophyta), brown algae (Phaeophyceae), and green algae (Chlorophyta) on pancreatic, lung, breast, cervical, colorectal, liver, and gastric cancers as well as leukemia and melanoma. In addition, future perspectives, and limitations regarding this field of work are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Nova
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Gomes
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R Costa-Pinto
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia Molecular e Imunologia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Radhakrishnan V, Golla U, Kudva AK. Role of Immune Cells and Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:461. [PMID: 38672732 PMCID: PMC11050867 DOI: 10.3390/life14040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical signs of multiple myeloma, a plasma cell (PC) dyscrasia, include bone loss, renal damage, and paraproteinemia. It can be defined as the uncontrolled growth of malignant PCs within the bone marrow. The distinctive bone marrow milieu that regulates the progression of myeloma disease involves interactions between plasma and stromal cells, and myeloid and lymphoid cells. These cells affect the immune system independently or because of a complicated web of interconnections, which promotes disease development and immune evasion. Due to the importance of these factors in the onset of disease, various therapeutic strategies have been created that either target or improve the immunological processes that influence disease progression. The immune system has a role in the mechanism of action of multiple myeloma treatments. The main contributions of immune cells to the bone marrow microenvironment, as well as how they interact and how immune regulation might lead to therapeutic effects, are covered in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Radhakrishnan
- Department of Surgery, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
| | - Upendarrao Golla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Avinash Kundadka Kudva
- Department of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangaluru 574199, India
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Kong YH, Xu ML, Zhang JJ, Chen GQ, Hong ZH, Zhang H, Dai XX, Ma YF, Zhao XR, Zhang CY, Chen RZ, Xing PF, Zhang LY. PRaG 3.0 therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A case report. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1237-1249. [PMID: 38577174 PMCID: PMC10989490 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i9.1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly fatal disease with limited effective treatment especially after first-line chemotherapy. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) immunohistochemistry (IHC) positive is associated with more aggressive clinical behavior and shorter overall survival in PDAC. CASE SUMMARY We present a case of multiple metastatic PDAC with IHC mismatch repair proficient but HER-2 IHC weakly positive at diagnosis that didn't have tumor regression after first-line nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine and PD-1 inhibitor treatment. A novel combination therapy PRaG 3.0 of RC48 (HER2-antibody-drug conjugate), radiotherapy, PD-1 inhibitor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 was then applied as second-line therapy and the patient had confirmed good partial response with progress-free-survival of 6.5 months and overall survival of 14.2 month. She had not developed any grade 2 or above treatment-related adverse events at any point. Percentage of peripheral CD8+Temra and CD4+Temra were increased during first two activation cycles of PRaG 3.0 treatment containing radiotherapy but deceased to the baseline during the maintenance cycles containing no radiotherapy. CONCLUSION PRaG 3.0 might be a novel strategy for HER2-positive metastatic PDAC patients who failed from previous first-line approach and even PD-1 immunotherapy but needs more data in prospective trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hong Kong
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei-Ling Xu
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun-Jun Zhang
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guang-Qiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Dai
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi-Fu Ma
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Zhao
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhang
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rong-Zheng Chen
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xing
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Yuan Zhang
- Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institution of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Lu W, Zhou Y, Zhao R, Liu Q, Yang W, Zhu T. The integration of multi-omics analysis and machine learning for the identification of prognostic assessment and immunotherapy efficacy through aging-associated genes in lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:1860-1878. [PMID: 38261733 PMCID: PMC10866420 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years revealed key molecules in lung cancer research, yet their exact roles in disease onset and progression remain uncertain. Lung cancer's heterogeneity complicates prognosis prediction. This study integrates pivotal molecules to evaluate patient prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy. METHODS The WGCNA algorithm identified module genes linked to immunity. The Lasso-Cox method built a prognostic model for outcome prediction. GO and KEGG analyses explored gene pathways. ssGSEA quantified immune cell types and functions. The riskScore predicts the effectiveness of immunotherapy based on its correlation with DNA repair and immune checkpoint genes. Single-cell sequencing examined key gene expression across cell types. RESULTS Using WGCNA, we identified the MEbrown module related to immunity. Lasso-Cox selected "BLK," "ITGB4," "PRKCH," and "SNAI1" for the prognostic model. MF analysis revealed enriched functions including antigen binding, GTPase regulator activity. In terms of BP, processes like immune signaling and mitotic division were enriched. CC enrichment included immunoglobulin complexes and chromosomal regions. Enriched pathways encompassed Cell cycle, Focal adhesion, Cellular senescence, and p53 signaling. ssGSEA evaluated immune cell abundance. RiskScore correlated with CTLA4 and PD1 through MMR and immune checkpoint analysis. Single-cell analysis indicated gene expression across cell types for BLK, ITGB4, PRKCH, and SNAI1. CONCLUSION In summary, our developed prognostic model utilizing age-related genes effectively predicts lung cancer prognosis and the efficacy of immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Department of Respiratory, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, Wuhu Hospital, East China Normal University, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Ruixuan Zhao
- Department of Respiratory, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiushi Liu
- Department of Respiratory, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Respiratory, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianyi Zhu
- Department of Respiratory, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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Xiong Y, Kong X, Mei H, Wang J, Zhou S. Bioinformatics-based analysis of the relationship between disulfidptosis and prognosis and treatment response in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22218. [PMID: 38097783 PMCID: PMC10721597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor formation is closely associated with disulfidptosis, a new form of cell death induced by disulfide stress-induced. The exact mechanism of action of disulfidptosis in pancreatic cancer (PCa) is not clear. This study analyzed the impact of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) on the prognosis of PCa and identified clusters of DRGs, and based on this, a risk score (RS) signature was developed to assess the impact of RS on the prognosis, immune and chemotherapeutic response of PCa patients. Based on transcriptomic data and clinical information from PCa tissue and normal pancreatic tissue samples obtained from the TCGA and GTEx databases, differentially expressed and differentially surviving DRGs in PCa were identified from among 15 DRGs. Two DRGs clusters were identified by consensus clustering by merging the PCa samples in the GSE183795 dataset. Analysis of DRGs clusters about the PCa tumor microenvironment and differential analysis to obtain differential genes between the two DRG clusters. Patients were then randomized into the training and testing sets, and a prognostic prediction signature associated with disulfidptosis was constructed in the training set. Then all samples were divided into high-disulfidptosis-risk (HDR) and low-disulfidptosis-risk (LDR) subgroups based on the RS calculated from the signature. The predictive efficacy of the signature was assessed by survival analysis, nomograms, correlation analysis of clinicopathological characteristics, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. To assess differences between different risk subgroups in immune cell infiltration, expression of immune checkpoint molecules, somatic gene mutations, and effectiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. The GSE57495 dataset was used as external validation, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression levels of DRGs. A total of 12 DRGs with differential expression and prognosis in PCa were identified, based on which a risk-prognosis signature containing five differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was developed. The signature was a good predictor and an independent risk factor. The nomogram and calibration curve shows the signature's excellent clinical applicability. Functional enrichment analysis showed that RS was associated with tumor and immune-related pathways. RS was strongly associated with the tumor microenvironment, and analysis of response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy suggests that the signature can be used to assess the sensitivity of treatments. External validation further demonstrated the model's efficacy in predicting the prognosis of PCa patients, with RT-qPCR and immunohistochemical maps visualizing the expression of each gene in PCa cell lines and the tissue. Our study is the first to apply the subtyping model of disulfidptosis to PCa and construct a signature based on the disulfidptosis subtype, which can provide an accurate assessment of prognosis, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy response in PCa patients, providing new targets and directions for the prognosis and treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanpeng Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Kong
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haoran Mei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shifa Zhou
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Yu W, Li M, Xia J. Identification of immunogenic cell death‑related prognostic signatures in pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:473. [PMID: 37809045 PMCID: PMC10551861 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting immunogenic cell death (ICD) may enable the response of pancreatic cancer to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role of ICD-related genes in pancreatic cancer. Utilizing the k-means method, consensus clustering was employed to effectively group patients with pancreatic cancer. Subsequently, a set of differentially expressed genes was identified between the two subtypes related to ICD, facilitating the execution of a comprehensive enrichment analysis. Furthermore, the construction of an ICD-related prognostic signature (IRPS) was accomplished through LASSO Cox regression, thereby enabling the assessment of responses to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In addition, the biological functionality of 5'-nucleotidase ecto (NT5E) was elucidated through experimental investigations. Patients characterized as the ICD high subtype experienced a comparatively shorter overall survival. This subtype exhibited a noteworthy correlation with HLA families and immune checkpoint molecules, underscoring its immunological significance. Subsequently, patients with elevated IRPS risk scores displayed resistance towards immunotherapy interventions. Of note, synergistic downregulation of NT5E in combination with Gemcitabine was observed to significantly induce tumor cell apoptosis, emphasizing its potential therapeutic value. Leveraging ICD-related genes, a novel classification system was meticulously devised to comprehensively evaluate both the clinical outcomes and therapeutic responses of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 13th People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400053, P.R. China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 13th People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400053, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 13th People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400053, P.R. China
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Hao W, Zhang Y, Dou J, Cui P, Zhu J. S100P as a potential biomarker for immunosuppressive microenvironment in pancreatic cancer: a bioinformatics analysis and in vitro study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:997. [PMID: 37853345 PMCID: PMC10585823 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11490-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosuppression is a significant factor contributing to the poor prognosis of cancer. S100P, a member of the S100 protein family, has been implicated in various cancers. However, its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of S100P on TME characteristics in patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODS Multiple data (including microarray, RNA-Seq, and scRNA-Seq) were obtained from public databases. The expression pattern of S100P was comprehensively evaluated in RNA-Seq data and validated in four different microarray datasets. Prognostic value was assessed through Kaplan-Meier plotter and Cox regression analyses. Immune infiltration levels were determined using the ESTIMATE and ssGSEA algorithms and validated at the single-cell level. Spearman correlation test was used to examine the correlation between S100P expression and immune checkpoint genes, and tumor mutation burden (TMB). DNA methylation analysis was performed to investigate the change in mRNA expression. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical (IHC) were utilized to validate the expression using five cell lines and 60 pancreatic cancer tissues. RESULTS This study found that S100P was differentially expressed in pancreatic cancer and was associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.05). Notably, S100P exhibited a significant negative-correlation with immune cell infiltration, particularly CD8 + T cells. Furthermore, a close association between S100P and immunotherapy was observed, as it strongly correlated with TMB and the expression levels of TIGIT, HAVCR2, CTLA4, and BTLA (P < 0.05). Intriguingly, higher S100P expression demonstrated a negative correlation with methylation levels (cg14323984, cg27027375, cg14900031, cg14140379, cg25083732, cg07210669, cg26233331, and cg22266967), which were associated with CD8 + T cells. In vitro RT-PCR validated upregulated S100P expression across all five pancreatic cancer cell lines, and IHC confirmed high S100P levels in pancreatic cancer tissues (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that S100P could serve as a promising biomarker for immunosuppressive microenvironment, which may provide a novel therapeutic way for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Hao
- Department of gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jingwen Dou
- Department of gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Pu Cui
- Department of gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jicun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Hamdy Gad E. Pancreatic Cancer: Updates in Pathogenesis and Therapies. PANCREATIC CANCER- UPDATES IN PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPIES [WORKING TITLE] 2023. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.112675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the progress in pancreatic cancer (PC) chemo/radiotherapies, immunotherapies, and novel targeted therapies and the improvement in its peri-operative management policies, it still has a dismal catastrophic prognosis due to delayed detection, early neural and vascular invasions, early micro-metastatic spread, tumour heterogeneities, drug resistance either intrinsic or acquired, unique desmoplastic stroma, and tumour microenvironment (TME). Understanding tumour pathogenesis at the detailed genetic/epigenetic/metabolic/molecular levels as well as studying the tumour risk factors and its known precancerous lesions aggressively is required for getting a more successful therapy for this challenging tumour. For a better outcome of this catastrophic tumour, it should be diagnosed early and treated through multidisciplinary teams of surgeons, gastroenterologists/interventional upper endoscopists, medical/radiation oncologists, diagnostic/intervention radiologists, and pathologists at high-volume centres. Moreover, surgical resection with a negative margin (R0) is the only cure for it. In this chapter; we discuss the recently updated knowledge of PC pathogenesis, risk factors, and precancerous lesions as well as its different management tools (i.e. surgery, chemo/radiotherapies, immunotherapies, novel targeted therapies, local ablative therapies, etc.).
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Pan Y, Gao J, Lin J, Ma Y, Hou Z, Lin Y, Wen S, Pan M, Lu F, Huang H. High-dimensional single-cell analysis unveils distinct immune signatures of peripheral blood in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1181538. [PMID: 37347110 PMCID: PMC10281055 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1181538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies with poor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The mechanism of such poor response is not completely understood. Methods We assessed T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and RNA expression at the single-cell level using high-dimensional sequencing of peripheral blood immune cells isolated from PDAC patients and from healthy human controls. We validated RNA-sequencing data by performing mass cytometry (CyTOF) and by measuring serum levels of multiple immune checkpoint proteins. Results We found that proportions of T cells (CD45+CD3+) were decreased in PDAC patients compared to healthy controls, while proportion of myeloid cells was increased. The proportion of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and the level of cytotoxicity per cell were increased in PDAC patients, with reduced TCR clonal diversity. We also found a significantly enriched S100A9+ monocyte population and an increased level of TIM-3 expression in immune cells of peripheral blood in PDAC patients. In addition, the serum level of soluble TIM-3 (sTIM-3) was significantly higher in PDAC patients compared to the non-PDAC participants and correlated with worse survival in two independent PDAC cohorts. Moreover, sTIM-3 exhibited a valuable role in diagnosis of PDAC, with sensitivity and specificity of about 80% in the training and validation groups, respectively. We further established an integrated model by combining sTIM-3 and carbohydrate antigen 19- 9 (CA19-9), which had an area under the curve of 0.974 and 0.992 in training and validation cohorts, respectively. Conclusion Our RNA-seq and proteomic results provide valuable insight for understanding the immune cell composition of peripheral blood of patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiajing Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zelin Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yali Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shi Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minggui Pan
- Department of Oncology and Hematology and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, CA, United States
| | - Fengchun Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Heguang Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Olajubutu O, Ogundipe OD, Adebayo A, Adesina SK. Drug Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051318. [PMID: 37242560 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is fast becoming a global menace and it is projected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Pancreatic adenocarcinomas, which develop in the pancreas' exocrine region, are the predominant type of pancreatic cancer, representing about 95% of total pancreatic tumors. The malignancy progresses asymptomatically, making early diagnosis difficult. It is characterized by excessive production of fibrotic stroma known as desmoplasia, which aids tumor growth and metastatic spread by remodeling the extracellular matrix and releasing tumor growth factors. For decades, immense efforts have been harnessed toward developing more effective drug delivery systems for pancreatic cancer treatment leveraging nanotechnology, immunotherapy, drug conjugates, and combinations of these approaches. However, despite the reported preclinical success of these approaches, no substantial progress has been made clinically and the prognosis for pancreatic cancer is worsening. This review provides insights into challenges associated with the delivery of therapeutics for pancreatic cancer treatment and discusses drug delivery strategies to minimize adverse effects associated with current chemotherapy options and to improve the efficiency of drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omotola D Ogundipe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Amusa Adebayo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Simeon K Adesina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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Faeq MH, Al-Haideri M, Mohammad TAM, Gharebakhshi F, Marofi F, Tahmasebi S, Modaresahmadi S. CAR-modified immune cells as a rapidly evolving approach in the context of cancer immunotherapies. Med Oncol 2023; 40:155. [PMID: 37083979 PMCID: PMC10119530 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, one of the main challenges clinicians face is malignancies. Through the progression of technology in recent years, tumor nature and tumor microenvironment (TME) can be better understood. Because of immune system involvement in tumorigenesis and immune cell dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment, clinicians encounter significant challenges in patient treatment and normal function recovery. The tumor microenvironment can stop the development of tumor antigen-specific helper and cytotoxic T cells in the tumor invasion process. Tumors stimulate the production of proinflammatory and immunosuppressive factors and cells that inhibit immune responses. Despite the more successful outcomes, the current cancer therapeutic approaches, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have not been effective enough for tumor eradication. Hence, developing new treatment strategies such as monoclonal antibodies, adaptive cell therapies, cancer vaccines, checkpoint inhibitors, and cytokines helps improve cancer treatment. Among adoptive cell therapies, the interaction between the immune system and malignancies and using molecular biology led to the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. CAR-modified immune cells are one of the modern cancer therapeutic methods with encouraging outcomes in most hematological and solid cancers. The current study aimed to discuss the structure, formation, subtypes, and application of CAR immune cells in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hikmat Faeq
- Student of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maysoon Al-Haideri
- Department of Physiotherapy, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Talar Ahmad Merza Mohammad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Farshad Gharebakhshi
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Safa Tahmasebi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shadan Modaresahmadi
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Siences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
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PD-L1/PD-1 blockage enhanced the cytotoxicity of natural killer cell on the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by granzyme B secretion. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03120-w. [PMID: 36856921 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of PD-L1/PD-1 blockage in the cytotoxicity of natural killer cell in NSCLC. METHODS Two NSCLC cell lines, Calu-1 and H460, were tested for susceptibility to the cytolytic activity of freshly isolated healthy donor NK cells by a non-radioactive cellular cytotoxicity assay kit. Western blot analysis, FACS, ELISA and antibody blockage experiments were conducted to determine the mechanisms. NK cells isolated from NSCLC patients were also collected for functional assays. RESULTS Calu-1 and H460 cells were lysed by NK cells in a dose-dependent manner. H460 cells showed less susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis than Calu-1 cells at all ratios. The expression of PD-L1 on H460 cells was higher than that on Calu-1 cells, as determined by FACS and western blot analysis. The specific lysis of H460 cells by NK cells was enhanced when the PD-L1/PD-1 interaction was blocked by anti-PD-L1 antibody. This finding was also demonstrated in NK cells isolated from NSCLC patients. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that PD-L1/PD-1 blockage enhanced the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in NSCLC via granzyme B secretion. This study will greatly facilitate the precise treatment of lung cancer through determination of PD-L1 expression in tumors.
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mTOR inhibitor, gemcitabine and PD-L1 antibody blockade combination therapy suppresses pancreatic cancer progression via metabolic reprogramming and immune microenvironment remodeling in Trp53 flox/+LSL-Kras G12D/+Pdx-1-Cre murine models. Cancer Lett 2023; 554:216020. [PMID: 36442772 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Resistance to immunotherapy and chemotherapy hinders the prognosis of pancreatic cancer(PC). We hypothesized that the combination of mTOR inhibitor sirolimus and gemcitabine would change the metabolic landscape of PC and enhance the anti-PD-L1 therapy. METHODS In KPC mice, the following regimens were administered and tumor growth inhibition rates(TGI%) were calculated: sirolimus(S), PD-L1 antibody(P), gemcitabine(G), sirolimus + PD-L1 antibody(SP), sirolimus + gemcitabine(SG), PD-L1 + gemcitabine(PG) and sirolimus + PD-L1 antibody + gemcitabine(SPG). The metabolic changes of tumors were identified by LC-MS and subpopulations of immune cells were measured by flow cytometry. Sirolimus treated macrophages were co-cultured with PC cells in vitro, and the metabolic changes of macrophages and tumor cells as well as tumor cells' viability were detected. RESULTS The monotherapy of S, P and G didn't inhibit tumor growth significantly. The combination of SP, PG and SG didn't improve the TGI% significantly compared with monotherapy. However, the TGI% of SPG combination was higher than other groups. The proportion of CD68+ macrophages increased in the peripheral blood and CD8+ T cells decreased in the tumor tissues after SPG treatment. LC-MS identified 42 differential metabolites caused by sirolimus in SPG group, among which 10 metabolites had potential effects on macrophages. Sirolimus treated M1 and M2 macrophages inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells and decreased tumor cells' glycolysis. The glycolysis of M2 macrophages was increased by sirolimus. CONCLUSIONS mTOR inhibitor can change the immune microenvironment of PC via metabolic reprogramming, thus promoting the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade when combined with gemcitabine.
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Teramatsu K, Oono T, Oyama K, Fujimori N, Murakami M, Yasumori S, Ohno A, Matsumoto K, Takeno A, Nakata K, Nakamura M, Ogawa Y. Circulating CD8+CD122+ T cells as a prognostic indicator of pancreatic cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1134. [PMCID: PMC9636831 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The distribution of tissue infiltrating lymphocytes has been shown to affect the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer in some previous studies. However, the role of peripheral lymphocytes in pancreatic cancer remains debated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the peripheral subtypes of T lymphocytes, and establish their association with the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.
Methods
Blood and tissue samples were collected from patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (n = 54), resectable pancreatic cancer (n = 12), and benign pancreatic cysts (n = 52) between April 2019 and January 2022 and analyzed.
Results
Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer had a larger proportion of both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting cells than those with benign pancreatic cysts. In addition, the proportion of peripheral CD4+ T cells positively correlated with the survival of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, and the proportion of peripheral CD8+CD122+ T cells was associated with early mortality (< 90 days). After chemotherapy, CD8+CD122+ T cells decreased in patients who had a partial response or stable disease. Moreover, by analyzing resected specimens, we first proved that the existence of CD8+CD122+ T cells in a tumor microenvironment (TME) depends on their proportion in peripheral blood.
Conclusion
Circulating CD8+CD122+ T cells can be a prognostic indicator in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Gupta S, Shukla S. Limitations of Immunotherapy in Cancer. Cureus 2022; 14:e30856. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Chen L, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Zhang T, Xie J, Wei W, Wang Y, Yu H, Zhou H. A necroptosis related prognostic model of pancreatic cancer based on single cell sequencing analysis and transcriptome analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1022420. [PMID: 36275722 PMCID: PMC9585241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1022420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a tumor type with high mortality and poor therapeutic effect, the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer is still unclear. It is necessary to explore the significance of necroptosis in pancreatic cancer. Methods Pancreatic cancer transcriptome data were obtained from the TCGA database, ICGC database, and GSE85916 in the GEO database. The TCGA cohort was set as a training cohort, while the ICGC and GSE85916 cohort were set as the validation cohorts. Single-cell sequencing data of pancreatic cancer were obtained from GSE154778 in the GEO database. The genes most associated with necroptosis were identified by weighted co-expression network analysis and single-cell sequencing analysis. COX regression and Lasso regression were performed for these genes, and the prognostic model was established. By calculating risk scores, pancreatic cancer patients could be divided into NCPTS_high and NCPTS_low groups, and survival analysis, immune infiltration analysis, and mutation analysis between groups were performed. Cell experiments including gene knockdown, CCK-8 assay, clone formation assay, transwell assay and wound healing assay were conducted to explore the role of the key gene EPS8 in pancreatic cancer. PCR assays on clinical samples were further used to verify EPS8 expression. Results We constructed the necroptosis-related signature in pancreatic cancer using single-cell sequencing analysis and transcriptome analysis. The calculation formula of risk score was as follows: NCPTS = POLR3GL * (-0.404) + COL17A1 * (0.092) + DDIT4 * (0.007) + PDE4C * (0.057) + CLDN1 * 0.075 + HMGA2 * 0.056 + CENPF * 0.198 +EPS8 * 0.219. Through this signature, pancreatic cancer patients with different cohorts can be divided into NCPTS_high and NCPTS_low group, and the NCPTS_high group has a significantly poorer prognosis. Moreover, there were significant differences in immune infiltration level and mutation level between the two groups. Cell assays showed that in CAPAN-1 and PANC-1 cell lines, EPS8 knockdown significantly reduced the viability, clonogenesis, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Clinical PCR assay of EPS8 expression showed that EPS8 expression was significantly up-regulated in pancreatic cancer (*P<0.05). Conclusion Our study can provide a reference for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Conversion Therapy Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Conversion Therapy Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Jiaheng Xie
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiaxing First Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongzhu Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Hongkun Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Conversion Therapy Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
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Song Z, Wang X, Chen F, Chen Q, Liu W, Yang X, Zhu X, Liu X, Wang P. LncRNA MALAT1 regulates METTL3-mediated PD-L1 expression and immune infiltrates in pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1004212. [PMID: 36212476 PMCID: PMC9533337 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1004212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The main methods of treating pancreatic cancer are surgery and chemotherapy, but the treatment efficacy is low with a poor prognosis. Immunotherapy represented by PD-1/PD-L1 has brought a milestone progress in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. However, the unique tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer presents challenges for immunotherapy. In addition, m6A is a common RNA modification and a potential molecular target in tumor therapy. The expression pattern of m6A in pancreatic cancer is still unclear. LncRNAs also play an essential role in pancreatic cancer development and treatment. In this study, we found that some m6A regulators were significantly elevated in pancreatic cancer and associated with the expression of PD-1/PD-L1. Moreover, we observed that METTL3 can increase the expression of PD-L1. Notably, METTL3 positively regulates the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 in pancreatic cancer cells. Strikingly, lncRNA MALAT1 increased the expression of PD-L1 in pancreatic cancer cells. This finding indicated that METTL3 regulated the expression of PD-L1 possibly via targeting lncRNA MALAT1 in pancreatic cancer cells. Lastly, MALAT1 governed the viability of pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, lncRNA MALAT1 is involved in METTL3-mediated promotion of PD-L1 expression in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Song
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qiuli Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Research and Development, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Yang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Liu, ; Peter Wang,
| | - Peter Wang
- Department of Research and Development, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Liu, ; Peter Wang,
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Skorupan N, Palestino Dominguez M, Ricci SL, Alewine C. Clinical Strategies Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4209. [PMID: 36077755 PMCID: PMC9454553 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a complex tumor microenvironment which engages in extensive crosstalk between cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and immune cells. Many of these interactions contribute to tumor resistance to anti-cancer therapies. Here, new therapeutic strategies designed to modulate the cancer-associated fibroblast and immune compartments of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas are described and clinical trials of novel therapeutics are discussed. Continued advances in our understanding of the pancreatic cancer tumor microenvironment are generating stromal and immune-modulating therapeutics that may improve patient responses to anti-tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojsa Skorupan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Medical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mayrel Palestino Dominguez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samuel L. Ricci
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christine Alewine
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Noubissi Nzeteu GA, Gibbs BF, Kotnik N, Troja A, Bockhorn M, Meyer NH. Nanoparticle-based immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:948898. [PMID: 36106025 PMCID: PMC9465485 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.948898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a complex and unique tumor microenvironment (TME). Due to the physical barrier formed by the desmoplastic stroma, the delivery of drugs to the tumor tissue is limited. The TME also contributes to resistance to various immunotherapies such as cancer vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Overcoming and/or modulating the TME is therefore one of the greatest challenges in developing new therapeutic strategies for PC. Nanoparticles have been successfully used as drug carriers and delivery systems in cancer therapy. Recent experimental and engineering developments in nanotechnology have resulted in increased drug delivery and improved immunotherapy for PC. In this review we discuss and analyze the current nanoparticle-based immunotherapy approaches that are at the verge of clinical application. Particularly, we focus on nanoparticle-based delivery systems that improve the effectiveness of PC immunotherapy. We also highlight current clinical research that will help to develop new therapeutic strategies for PC and especially targeted immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: N. Helge Meyer, ; Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu,
| | - Bernhard F. Gibbs
- Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nika Kotnik
- Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Achim Troja
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bockhorn
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - N. Helge Meyer
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: N. Helge Meyer, ; Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu,
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Su Y, Qi R, Li L, Wang X, Li S, Zhao X, Hou R, Ma W, Liu D, Zheng J, Shi M. An immune-related gene prognostic risk index for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:945878. [PMID: 35958614 PMCID: PMC9360334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Our goal is to construct an immune-related gene prognostic risk index (IRGPRI) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), and to clarify the immune and molecular features in IRGPRI-defined PAAD subgroups and the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy. Method Through differential gene expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and univariate Cox regression analysis, 16 immune-related hub genes were identified using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PAAD dataset (n = 182) and immune gene set. From these genes, we constructed an IRGPRI with the Cox regression method and the IRGPRI was verified based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (n = 45). Then, we analyzed the immune and molecular features and the benefit of ICI therapy in IRGPRI-defined subgroups. Results Five genes, including S100A16, CD40, VCAM1, TNFRSF4 and TRAF1 were used to construct IRGPRI. As with the results of the GEO cohort, the overall survival (OS) was more favorable in low IRGPRI patients versus high IRGPRI patients. The composite results pointed out that low IRGPRI was associated with immune response-related pathways, high level of CTLA4, low KRAS and TP53 mutation rate, more infiltration of activated memory CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and more benefits from ICIs therapy. In comparison, high IRGPRI was associated with cancer-related pathways, low expression of CTLA4, high KRAS and TP53 mutation rate, more infiltration of M2 macrophages, and less benefit from ICIs therapies. Conclusion This IRGPRI is an encouraging biomarker to define the prognosis, immune and molecular features, and benefits from ICIs treatments in PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ruoshan Qi
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lanying Li
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sijin Li
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rui Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Shi, ; Junnian Zheng, ; Dan Liu,
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Shi, ; Junnian Zheng, ; Dan Liu,
| | - Ming Shi
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Shi, ; Junnian Zheng, ; Dan Liu,
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23
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Wang X, Zhang CS, Dong XY, Hu Y, Duan BJ, Bai J, Wu YY, Fan L, Liao XH, Kang Y, Zhang P, Li MY, Xu J, Mao ZJ, Liu HT, Zhang XL, Tian LF, Li EX. Claudin 18.2 is a potential therapeutic target for zolbetuximab in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:1252-1264. [PMID: 36051096 PMCID: PMC9305579 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i7.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently diagnosed and treated in advanced tumor stages with poor prognosis. More effective screening programs and novel therapeutic means are urgently needed. Recent studies have regarded tight junction protein claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) as a candidate target for cancer treatment, and zolbetuximab (formerly known as IMAB362) has been developed against CLDN18.2. However, there are few data reported thus far related to the clinicopathological characteristics of CLDN18.2 expression for PDAC.
AIM To investigate the expression of CLDN18.2 in PDAC patients and subsequently propose a new target for the treatment of PDAC.
METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, Gene Expression Omnibus, and European Genome-phenome Archive databases were first employed to analyze the CLDN18 gene expression in normal pancreatic tissue compared to that in pancreatic cancer tissue. Second, we analyzed the expression of CLDN18.2 in 93 primary PDACs, 86 para-cancer tissues, and 13 normal pancreatic tissues by immunohistochemistry. Immunostained tissues were assessed applying the histoscore. subsequently, they fell into two groups according to the expression state of CLDN18.2. Furthermore, the correlations between CLDN18.2 expression and diverse clinicopathological characteristics, including survival, were investigated.
RESULTS The gene expression of CLDN18 was statistically higher (P < 0.01) in pancreatic tumors than in normal tissues. However, there was no significant correlation between CLDN18 expression and survival in pancreatic cancer patients. CLDN18.2 was expressed in 88 (94.6%) of the reported PDACs. Among these tumors, 50 (56.8%) cases showed strong immunostaining. The para-cancer tissues were positive in 81 (94.2%) cases, among which 32 (39.5%) of cases were characterized for strong staining intensities. Normal pancreatic tissue was identified solely via weak immunostaining. Finally, CLDN18.2 expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, nerve invasion, stage, and survival of PDAC patients, while there was no correlation between CLDN18.2 expression and localization, tumor size, patient age and sex, nor any other clinicopathological characteristic.
CONCLUSION CLDN18.2 expression is frequently increased in PDAC patients. Thus, it may act as a potential therapeutic target for zolbetuximab in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Cheng-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xu-Yuan Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bao-Jun Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yin-Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ye Kang
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meng-Yang Li
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiao Xu
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui-Tong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Long Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Fei Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - En-Xiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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24
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Diego-González L, Fernández-Carrera A, Igea A, Martínez-Pérez A, Real Oliveira MECD, Gomes AC, Guerra C, Barbacid M, González-Fernández Á, Simón-Vázquez R. Combined Inhibition of FOSL-1 and YAP Using siRNA-Lipoplexes Reduces the Growth of Pancreatic Tumor. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133102. [PMID: 35804874 PMCID: PMC9265026 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Intercepting the molecular mechanisms implicated in pancreatic cancer progression can be an efficient therapeutic approach to treat this aggressive tumor. The Hippo pathway is a key mechanism driving tumor progression, even in the absence of KRAS activation. When this pathway is switched off, the transcriptional coactivator YAP is translocated into the nucleus and induces the activation of several genes implicated in tumor progression and apoptosis inhibition. FOSL-1 is a transcription factor that synergizes with YAP, forming a transcriptional complex. It has been shown to have a good therapeutic outcome when they are individually inhibited. In this work, we showed for the first time that the combined inhibition of YAP and FOSL-1 mRNA expression, using siRNA-lipoplexes, induces superior control over tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, compared to the individual treatments, and a reduction of the tumor stroma. The results offer a new therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer treatment. Abstract Pancreatic cancer evades most of the current therapies and there is an urgent need for new treatments that could efficiently eliminate this aggressive tumor, such as the blocking of routes driving cell proliferation. In this work, we propose the use of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to inhibit the combined expression of FOSL-1 and YAP, two signaling proteins related with tumor cell proliferation and survival. To improve the efficacy of cell transfection, DODAB:MO (1:2) liposomes were used as siRNA nanocarriers, forming a complex denominated siRNA-lipoplexes. Liposomes and lipoplexes (carrying two siRNA for each targeted protein, or the combination of four siRNAs) were physico-chemically and biologically characterized. They showed very good biocompatibility and stability. The efficient targeting of FOSL-1 and YAP expression at both mRNA and protein levels was first proved in vitro using mouse pancreatic tumoral cell lines (KRASG12V and p53 knockout), followed by in vivo studies using subcutaneous allografts on mice. The peri-tumoral injection of lipoplexes lead to a significant decrease in the tumor growth in both Athymic Nude-Foxn1nu and C57BL/6 mice, mainly in those receiving the combination of four siRNAs, targeting both YAP and FOSL-1. These results open a new perspective to overcome the fast tumor progression in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Diego-González
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Immunology Group, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (A.F.-C.); (A.I.); (A.M.-P.); (Á.G.-F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Andrea Fernández-Carrera
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Immunology Group, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (A.F.-C.); (A.I.); (A.M.-P.); (Á.G.-F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ana Igea
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Immunology Group, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (A.F.-C.); (A.I.); (A.M.-P.); (Á.G.-F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Amparo Martínez-Pérez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Immunology Group, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (A.F.-C.); (A.I.); (A.M.-P.); (Á.G.-F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Andreia C. Gomes
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Carmen Guerra
- CNIO (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas), Experimental Oncology Group, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.G.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Barbacid
- CNIO (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas), Experimental Oncology Group, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.G.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - África González-Fernández
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Immunology Group, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (A.F.-C.); (A.I.); (A.M.-P.); (Á.G.-F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Rosana Simón-Vázquez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Immunology Group, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (A.F.-C.); (A.I.); (A.M.-P.); (Á.G.-F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-986130142
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25
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Construction of simple and sensitive pancreatitis related microRNA detection strategy via self-priming triggered cascade signal amplification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5837-5844. [PMID: 35672577 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic diseases, such as pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, remain the most threatening gastrointestinal diseases with a high mortality due to atypical symptoms. MicroRNA plays crucial roles in regulating metastasis and cell proliferation of pancreatic cancer, constituting important biomarkers for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancers. Herein, we develop a sensitive and simple exosomal miRNA detection method with only a dual-hairpin-probe. In detail, the dual-hairpin-probe is constructed through combination of two functional sections for both target miRNA identification and signal amplification. With only one probe, the method possesses the capability to avoid interferences from concentration changes of other probes, and exhibits a higher stability which is demonstrated through the obtained low coefficients of variation (CV) of 6.73%. With let-7a as detection target, the LOD of the established method is determined to be 243 aM, while maintaining a high discriminating capability towards let-7a homogenous miRNAs.
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26
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Tian J, Fu C, Zeng X, Fan X, Wu Y. An Independent Prognostic Model Based on Ten Autophagy-Related Long Noncoding RNAs in Pancreatic Cancer Patients. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:3895396. [PMID: 35645615 PMCID: PMC9124146 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3895396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a common, highly lethal cancer with a low survival rate. Autophagy is involved in the occurrence and progression of PC. This study aims to explore the feasibility of using an autophagy-related long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) signature for assessing PC patient survival. Methods We obtained RNA sequencing and clinical data of patients from the TCGA website. Autophagy genes were obtained from the Human Autophagy Database. The prognostic model, generated through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, included 10 autophagy-related lncRNAs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and forest plots were generated for univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, to examine the predictive feasibility of the risk model. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to screen enriched gene sets. Results Twenty-eight autophagy-related lncRNAs were filtered out through univariate Cox regression analysis (P < 0.001). Ten autophagy-related lncRNAs, including 4 poor prognosis factors and 6 beneficial prognosis factors, were further screened via multivariate Cox regression analysis. The AUC value of the ROC curve was 0.815. GSEA results demonstrated that cancer-related gene sets were significantly enriched. Conclusion A signature based on ten autophagy-related lncRNAs was identified. This signature could be potentially used for evaluating clinical prognosis and might be used for targeted therapy against PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Tian
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Chunyan Fu
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
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27
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Wang K, Herr I. Machine-Learning-Based Bibliometric Analysis of Pancreatic Cancer Research Over the Past 25 Years. Front Oncol 2022; 12:832385. [PMID: 35419289 PMCID: PMC8995465 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.832385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Machine learning and semantic analysis are computer-based methods to evaluate complex relationships and predict future perspectives. We used these technologies to define recent, current and future topics in pancreatic cancer research. Publications indexed under the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) term 'Pancreatic Neoplasms' from January 1996 to October 2021 were downloaded from PubMed. Using the statistical computing language R and the interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language Python, we extracted publication dates, geographic information, and abstracts from each publication's metadata for bibliometric analyses. The generative statistical algorithm "latent Dirichlet allocation" (LDA) was applied to identify specific research topics and trends. The unsupervised "Louvain algorithm" was used to establish a network to identify relationships between single topics. A total of 60,296 publications were identified and analyzed. The publications were derived from 133 countries, mostly from the Northern Hemisphere. For the term "pancreatic cancer research", 12,058 MeSH terms appeared 1,395,060 times. Among them, we identified the four main topics "Clinical Manifestation and Diagnosis", "Review and Management", "Treatment Studies", and "Basic Research". The number of publications has increased rapidly during the past 25 years. Based on the number of publications, the algorithm predicted that "Immunotherapy", Prognostic research", "Protein expression", "Case reports", "Gemcitabine and mechanism", "Clinical study of gemcitabine", "Operation and postoperation", "Chemotherapy and resection", and "Review and management" as current research topics. To our knowledge, this is the first study on this subject of pancreatic cancer research, which has become possible due to the improvement of algorithms and hardware.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangtao Wang
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Herr
- Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Wang Y, Zheng K, Xiong H, Huang Y, Chen X, Zhou Y, Qin W, Su J, Chen R, Qiu H, Yuan X, Wang Y, Zou Y. PARP Inhibitor Upregulates PD-L1 Expression and Provides a New Combination Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 12:762989. [PMID: 34975854 PMCID: PMC8718453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.762989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent improvements in treatment modalities, pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal tumor with mortality rate increasing every year. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are now used in pancreatic cancer as a breakthrough in targeted therapy. This study focused on whether PARP inhibitors (PARPis) can affect programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in pancreatic cancer and whether immune checkpoint inhibitors of PD-L1/programmed death 1 (PD-1) can enhance the anti-tumor effects of PARPis. Here we found that PARPi, pamiparib, up-regulated PD-L1 expression on the surface of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, pamiparib induced PD-L1 expression via JAK2/STAT3 pathway, at least partially, in pancreatic cancer. Importantly, pamiparib attenuated tumor growth; while co-administration of pamiparib with PD-L1 blockers significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy in vivo compared with monotherapy. Combination therapy resulted in an altered tumor immune microenvironment with a significant increase in windiness of CD8+ T cells, suggesting a potential role of CD8+ T cells in the combination therapy. Together, this study provides evidence for the clinical application of PARPis with anti-PD-L1/PD-1 drugs in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongbiao Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuqiong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yilu Zhou
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Wan Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinfang Su
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Yanmei Zou
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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29
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Guo F, Cheng X, Jing B, Wu H, Jin X. FGD3 binds with HSF4 to suppress p65 expression and inhibit pancreatic cancer progression. Oncogene 2022; 41:838-851. [PMID: 34975151 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is regarded as the most lethal solid tumor worldwide. Deregulated and constitutively activated NF-κB signaling is one of the major characteristics of pancreatic cancer. The total expression level and subcellular localization of RelA/p65 have been shown to determine the activation of canonical NF-κB signaling in pancreatic cancer. FGD3, which is involved in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell shape, has been reported to inhibit cancer cell migration and predict a favorable prognosis in multiple types of cancer. However, the specific role of FGD3 in pancreatic cancer is still unknown. In this study, we conducted a systematic investigation of the cancer-related role of FGD3 in pancreatic cancer. We demonstrated that FGD3 was abnormally downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and that low expression of FGD3 was associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. Then, we showed that FGD3 inhibited pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, we revealed that FGD3 silencing activated the NF-κB signaling pathway by promoting HSF4 nuclear translocation and increasing p65 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. Therefore, our results identified a novel and targetable FGD3/HSF4/p65 signaling axis in pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Cancer center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Boping Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
- Uro-Oncology Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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30
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Yasmin-Karim S, Ziberi B, Wirtz J, Bih N, Moreau M, Mueller R, Anisworth V, Hesser J, Makrigiorgos GM, Chuong MD, Wei XX, Nguyen PL, Ngwa W. Boosting the Abscopal Effect Using Immunogenic Biomaterials With Varying Radiation Therapy Field Sizes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022; 112:475-486. [PMID: 34530092 PMCID: PMC8750216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Persistent immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment is a major limitation to boosting the abscopal effect, whereby radiation therapy at 1 site can lead to regression of tumors at distant sites. Here, we investigate the use of radiation and immunogenic biomaterials (IBM) targeting only the gross tumor volume/subvolume for boosting the abscopal effect in immunologically cold tumors. METHODS AND MATERIALS To evaluate the abscopal effect, 2 syngeneic contralateral tumors were implanted in each mouse, where only 1 tumor was treated. IBM was administered to the treated tumor with 1 fraction of radiation and results were compared, including as a function of different radiation therapy field sizes. The IBM was designed similar to fiducial markers using immunogenic polymer components loaded with anti-CD40 agonist. Tumor volumes of both treated and untreated tumors were measured over time, along with survival and corresponding immune cell responses. RESULTS Results showed that radiation with IBM administered to the gross tumor subvolume can effectively boost abscopal responses in both pancreatic and prostate cancers, significantly increasing survival (P < .0001 and P < .001, respectively). Results also showed equal or superior abscopal responses when using field sizes smaller than the gross tumor volume compared with irradiating the whole tumor volume. These results were buttressed by observation of higher infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocytes in the treated tumors (P < .0001) and untreated tumors (P < .0001) for prostate cancer. Significantly higher infiltration was also observed in treated tumors (P < .0001) and untreated tumors P < .01) for pancreatic cancer. Moreover, the immune responses were accompanied by a positive shift of proinflammatory cytokines in both prostate and pancreatic tumors. CONCLUSIONS The approach targeting gross tumor subvolumes with radiation and IBM offers opportunity for boosting the abscopal effect while significantly minimizing healthy tissue toxicity. This approach proffers a radioimmunotherapy dose-painting strategy that can be developed for overcoming current barriers of immunosuppression especially for immunologically cold tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeda Yasmin-Karim
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Corresponding author: Name: Sayeda Yasmin-Karim, (S.Y.)
| | - Bashkim Ziberi
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,University of Tetova, Tetova, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Johanna Wirtz
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Medical Faculty of University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Noella Bih
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michele Moreau
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Romy Mueller
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Data Analysis and Modeling in Medicine, Mannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine (MIISM), Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victoria Anisworth
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Juergen Hesser
- Data Analysis and Modeling in Medicine, Mannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine (MIISM), Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G. Mike Makrigiorgos
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael D Chuong
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Xiao Xiao Wei
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul L. Nguyen
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
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31
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Damaskos C, Garmpis N, Garmpi A, Georgakopoulou VE, Patsouras A, Sypsa G, Syllaios A, Antoniou EA. Ethical Dilemma: Is it Worthwhile Operating an End-Stage Pancreatic Cancer Patient with Acute Mesenteric Artery Ischemia? Acta Med Litu 2021; 28:325-329. [PMID: 35474924 PMCID: PMC8958651 DOI: 10.15388/amed.2021.28.2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is as an aggressive malignancy with low survival rates. We present the first case of an operation of acute mesenteric ischemia performed in a patient with end-stage pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Through this case, we also discuss raising concerns regarding the management of severe complications such as acute mesenteric ischemia in patients with progressed pancreatic carcinoma. How ethical is to leave patients untreated? The decisions for management of patients with advanced disease are strongly based on the expected quality of life, ethical principles, different religions and spiritualities, and the burden of healthcare cost.
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32
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Lee K, Oh HJ, Kang MS, Kim S, Ahn S, Kim MJ, Kim SW, Chang S. Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome reveals a dynamic change in Alistipes onderdonkii in the preclinical model of pancreatic cancer, suppressing its proliferation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:8343-8358. [PMID: 34648062 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11617-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal cancer with aggressive and invasive characteristics. By the time it is diagnosed, patients already have tumors extended to other organs and show extremely low survival rates. The gut microbiome is known to be associated with many diseases and its imbalance affects the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. In this study, we established an orthotopic, patient-derived xenograft model to identify how the gut microbiome is linked to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Using the 16S rDNA metagenomic sequencing, we revealed that the levels of Alistipes onderdonkii and Roseburia hominis decreased in the gut microbiome of the PDAC model. To explore the crosstalk between the two bacteria and PDAC cells, we collected the supernatant of the bacteria or cancer cell culture medium and treated it in a cross manner. While the cancer cell medium did not affect bacterial growth, we observed that the A. onderdonkii medium suppressed the growth of the pancreatic primary cancer cells. Using the bromodeoxyuridine/7-amino-actinomycin D (BrdU/7-AAD) staining assay, we confirmed that the A. onderdonkii medium inhibited the proliferation of the pancreatic primary cancer cells. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed that the A. onderdonkii medium induced unique transcriptomic alterations in the PDAC cells, compared to the normal pancreatic cells. Altogether, our data suggest that the reduction in the A. onderdonkii in the gut microbiome provides a proliferation advantage to the pancreatic cancer cells. KEY POINTS: • Metagenome analysis of pancreatic cancer model reveals A. onderdonkii downregulation. • A. onderdonkii culture supernatant suppressed the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. • RNA seq data reveals typical gene expression changes induced by A. onderdonkii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihak Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jae Oh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Su Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sinae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Won Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Jung JY, Ryu HJ, Lee SH, Kim DY, Kim MJ, Lee EJ, Ryu YM, Kim SY, Kim KP, Choi EY, Ahn HJ, Chang S. siRNA Nanoparticle Targeting PD-L1 Activates Tumor Immunity and Abrogates Pancreatic Cancer Growth in Humanized Preclinical Model. Cells 2021; 10:2734. [PMID: 34685714 PMCID: PMC8534711 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by late detection, frequent drug resistance, and a highly metastatic nature, leading to poor prognosis. Antibody-based immunotherapy showed limited success for pancreatic cancer, partly owing to the low delivery rate of the drug into the tumor. Herein, we describe a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid;PLGA)-based siRNA nanoparticle targeting PD-L1 (siPD-L1@PLGA). The siPD-L1@PLGA exhibited efficient knockdown of PD-L1 in cancer cells, without affecting the cell viability up to 6 mg/mL. Further, 99.2% of PDAC cells uptake the nanoparticle and successfully blocked the IFN-gamma-mediated PD-L1 induction. Consistently, the siPD-L1@PLGA sensitized cancer cells to antigen-specific immune cells, as exemplified by Ovalbumin-targeting T cells. To evaluate its efficacy in vivo, we adopted a pancreatic PDX model in humanized mice, generated by grafting CD34+ hematopoeitic stem cells onto NSG mice. The siPD-L1@PLGA significantly suppressed pancreatic tumor growth in this model with upregulated IFN-gamma positive CD8 T cells, leading to more apoptotic tumor cells. Multiplex immunofluorescence analysis exhibited comparable immune cell compositions in control and siPD-L1@PLGA-treated tumors. However, we found higher Granzyme B expression in the siPD-L1@PLGA-treated tumors, suggesting higher activity of NK or cytotoxic T cells. Based on these results, we propose the application of siPD-L1@PLGA as an immunotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.Y.J.); (H.J.R.); (S.-H.L.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Hyun Jin Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.Y.J.); (H.J.R.); (S.-H.L.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.Y.J.); (H.J.R.); (S.-H.L.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Dong-Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.Y.J.); (H.J.R.); (S.-H.L.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Myung Ji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.Y.J.); (H.J.R.); (S.-H.L.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.Y.J.); (H.J.R.); (S.-H.L.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Yeon-Mi Ryu
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.-M.R.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Sang-Yeob Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.-M.R.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Kyu-Pyo Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Oncology, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.Y.J.); (H.J.R.); (S.-H.L.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Hyung Jun Ahn
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.Y.J.); (H.J.R.); (S.-H.L.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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34
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Tonini V, Zanni M. Pancreatic cancer in 2021: What you need to know to win. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:5851-5889. [PMID: 34629806 PMCID: PMC8475010 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i35.5851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the solid tumors with the worst prognosis. Five-year survival rate is less than 10%. Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment, but the tumor is often diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and surgery could be performed in a very limited number of patients. Moreover, surgery is still associated with high post-operative morbidity, while other therapies still offer very disappointing results. This article reviews every aspect of pancreatic cancer, focusing on the elements that can improve prognosis. It was written with the aim of describing everything you need to know in 2021 in order to face this difficult challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Tonini
- Department of Medical Sciences and Surgery, University of Bologna- Emergency Surgery Unit, IRCCS Sant’Orsola Hospital, Bologna 40121, Italy
| | - Manuel Zanni
- University of Bologna, Emergency Surgery Unit, IRCCS Sant'Orsola Hospital, Bologna 40121, Italy
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35
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Gorchs L, Kaipe H. Interactions between Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and T Cells in the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment and the Role of Chemokines. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2995. [PMID: 34203869 PMCID: PMC8232575 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Less than 10% of patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) survive 5 years or more, making it one of the most fatal cancers. Accumulation of T cells in pancreatic tumors is associated with better prognosis, but immunotherapies to enhance the anti-tumor activity of infiltrating T cells are failing in this devastating disease. Pancreatic tumors are characterized by a desmoplastic stroma, which mainly consists of activated cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Pancreatic CAFs have emerged as important regulators of the tumor microenvironment by contributing to immune evasion through the release of chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors, which alters T-cell migration, differentiation and cytotoxic activity. However, recent discoveries have also revealed that subsets of CAFs with diverse functions can either restrain or promote tumor progression. Here, we discuss our current knowledge about the interactions between CAFs and T cells in PDAC and summarize different therapy strategies targeting the CAF-T cell axis with focus on CAF-derived soluble immunosuppressive factors and chemokines. Identifying the functions of different CAF subsets and understanding their roles in T-cell trafficking within the tumor may be fundamental for the development of an effective combinational treatment for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Gorchs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helen Kaipe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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Yu S, Zhang C, Xie KP. Therapeutic resistance of pancreatic cancer: Roadmap to its reversal. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188461. [PMID: 33157162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with limited opportunity for resectable surgery as the first choice for cure due to its late diagnosis and early metastasis. The desmoplastic stroma and cellular genetic or epigenetic alterations of pancreatic cancer impose physical and biological barriers to effective therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Here, we review the current therapeutic options for pancreatic cancer, and underlying mechanisms and potential reversal of therapeutic resistance, a hallmark of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to the South China University of Technology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to the South China University of Technology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Ping Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to the South China University of Technology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Wu G, Deng Z, Jin Z, Wang J, Xu B, Zeng J, Peng M, Wen Z, Guo Y. Identification of Prognostic Immune-Related Genes in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Establishment of a Prognostic Nomogram: A Bioinformatic Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1346045. [PMID: 32596278 PMCID: PMC7301181 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1346045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is extremely poor and has not been improved. Thus, an effective method to assess the prognosis of patients must be established to improve their survival rate. METHOD This study investigated immune-related genes that could be used as potential therapeutic targets for PAAD. Level 3 gene expression data from the PAAD cohort and the relevant clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. For validation, other PAAD datasets (DSE62452) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The PAAD datasets from TCGA and GEO were used to screen immune-related genes through the Molecular Signatures Database using gene set enrichment analysis. Then, the overlapping immune-related genes of the two datasets were identified. Coexpression networks of the immune-related genes were constructed. RESULTS A signature of three immune-related genes (CKLF, ERAP2, and EREG) was identified in patients with PAAD. The signature could be used to divide the patients with PAAD into high- and low-risk groups based on their median risk score. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the independent prognostic factors of PAAD. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to assess the prediction accuracy of the prognostic signature. Last, a nomogram was established to assess the individualized prognosis prediction model based on the clinical characteristics and risk score of the TCGA PAAD dataset. The accuracy of the prognostic signature was further evaluated through functional evaluation and principal component analysis. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the signature of three immune-related genes had excellent predictive value for PAAD. These findings might help improve personalized treatment and medical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhenfeng Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zongrui Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Banghao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jingjing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Minhao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhang Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ya Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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