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Collette TW, Ekman DR, Zhen H, Nguyen H, Bradley PM, Teng Q. Cell-Based Metabolomics for Untargeted Screening and Prioritization of Vertebrate-Active Stressors in Streams Across the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9232-9240. [PMID: 31268696 PMCID: PMC6755663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have assessed contaminants in 38 streams across the U.S., using an extensive suite of target-chemical analysis methods along with a variety of biological effects tools. Here, we report zebrafish liver (ZFL) cell-culture based NMR metabolomic analysis of these split stream samples. We used this untargeted approach to evaluate the sites according to overall impact on the ZFL metabolome and found that neither the total number of organics detected at the sites, nor their cumulative concentrations, were good predictors of these impacts. Further, we used partial least squares regression to compare ZFL endogenous metabolite profiles to values for 455 potential stressors (organics, inorganics, and physical properties) measured in these waters and found that the profiles covaried with at most 280 of the stressors, which were subsequently ranked into quartiles based on the strength of their covariance. While contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) were well represented in the top, most strongly covarying quartile-suggesting considerable potential for eliciting biological responses at these sites-there was even higher representation of various well-characterized legacy contaminants (e.g., PCBs). These results emphasize the importance of complementing chemical analysis with untargeted bioassays to help focus regulatory efforts on the most significant ecosystem threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Collette
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , National Exposure Research Laboratory , Athens , Georgia 30605 , United States
| | - Drew R Ekman
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , National Exposure Research Laboratory , Athens , Georgia 30605 , United States
| | - Huajun Zhen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , National Exposure Research Laboratory , Athens , Georgia 30605 , United States
| | - Ha Nguyen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , National Exposure Research Laboratory , Athens , Georgia 30605 , United States
| | - Paul M Bradley
- U.S. Geological Survey , South Atlantic Water Science Center , Columbia , South Carolina 29210 , United States
| | - Quincy Teng
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , National Exposure Research Laboratory , Athens , Georgia 30605 , United States
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2
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Wang L, Huang X, Laserna AKC, Li SFY. Untargeted metabolomics reveals transformation pathways and metabolic response of the earthworm Perionyx excavatus after exposure to triphenyl phosphate. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16440. [PMID: 30401822 PMCID: PMC6219545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) is one of the most highly utilized organophosphorus flame retardants, and has been frequently detected in various environmental matrices, including soil. So far, limited information is known regarding the potential toxicity of TPHP to the earthworm-soil ecosystem. We investigated the metabolism of TPHP and the perturbation of the endogenous metabolome in the earthworm, Perionyx excavatus, using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-QTOF)-based untargeted metabolomics approach after acute exposure to TPHP for one and two days through a filter paper contact test, as well as after chronic exposure for 28 days in a soil microcosm experiment. TPHP showed low bioaccumulation potential in the earthworm-soil ecosystem at concentrations of 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. Identified phase I metabolites include diphenyl phosphate, mono-hydroxylated and di-hydroxylated TPHP. Two groups of phase II metabolites, thiol conjugates (including mercaptolactic acid, cysteine, cysteinylglycine, and mercaptoethanol conjugates) and glucoside conjugates (including glucoside, glucoside-phosphate, and C14H19O10P conjugates), were putatively identified. Only acute TPHP exposure caused significant perturbations of the endogenous metabolome in earthworms, featuring fluctuations in amino acids, glucose, inosine and phospholipids. These results reveal novel phase II metabolism and toxicity of TPHP in P. excavatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore
| | - Xulei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore
| | | | - Sam Fong Yau Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore. .,NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), #02-01, T-Lab Building (TL), 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore.
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3
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Tang R, Ding C, Dang F, Ma Y, Wang J, Zhang T, Wang X. NMR-based metabolic toxicity of low-level Hg exposure to earthworms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:428-437. [PMID: 29679940 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is a globally distributed toxicant to aquatic animals and mammals. However, the potential risks of environmental relevant mercury in terrestrial systems remain largely unclear. The metabolic profiles of the earthworm Eisenia fetida after exposure to soil contaminated with mercury at 0.77 ± 0.09 mg/kg for 2 weeks were investigated using a two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance-based (1H-13C NMR) metabolomics approach. The results revealed that traditional endpoints (e.g., mortality and weight loss) did not differ significantly after exposure. Although histological examination showed sub-lethal toxicity in the intestine as a result of soil ingestion, the underlying mechanisms were unclear. Metabolite profiles revealed significant decreases in glutamine and 2-hexyl-5-ethyl-3-furansulfonate in the exposed group and remarkable increases in glycine, alanine, glutamate, scyllo-inositol, t-methylhistidine and myo-inositol. More importantly, metabolic network analysis revealed that low mercury in the soil disrupted osmoregulation, amino acid and energy metabolisms in earthworms. A metabolic net link and schematic diagram of mercury-induced responses were proposed to predict earthworm responses after exposure to mercury at environmental relevant concentrations. These results improved the current understanding of the potential toxicity of low mercury in terrestrial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronggui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Changfeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Dang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibing Ma
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsong Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Taolin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
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4
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He Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Cheng H, Liu X. Stereoselective bioaccumulation of chiral PCB 91 in earthworm and its metabolomic and lipidomic responses. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:421-430. [PMID: 29587213 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective bioaccumulation, elimination, metabolomic and lipidomic responses of earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to chiral polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 91 in an earthworm-soil system were investigated. Preferential bioaccumulation of (-)-PCB 91 and elimination of (+)-PCB 91 were observed following 50 and 500 μg/kgdwt exposures. Enantiomer fraction (EF) values decreased over time during the uptake and elimination periods. Metabolomics and lipidomics techniques based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) revealed significant changes in 108 metabolites after earthworms exposure to (+)-, (-)-, and (±)-PCB 91, compared to control groups. Forty two of these metabolites were identified as amino acids, nucleosides, fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids, vitamins or others. Lysophospholipids including six lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), six lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), eight lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) and five lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) were also differentially expressed between exposure and control groups. Alterations in the levels of metabolites and lipids indicated stereoselective effects of chiral PCB 91 on earthworm amino acid, energy, and nucleotide metabolism, neurodevelopment and gene expression. Overall, the effects of (+)-PCB 91 were more pronounced than that of (-)- and (±)-PCB 91.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeying He
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
| | - Haiyan Cheng
- SCIEX, Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100015, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China.
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Phulpoto AH, Qazi MA, Haq IU, Phul AR, Ahmed S, Kanhar NA. Ecotoxicological assessment of oil-based paint using three-dimensional multi-species bio-testing model: pre- and post-bioremediation analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16567-16577. [PMID: 29497939 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study validates the oil-based paint bioremediation potential of Bacillus subtilis NAP1 for ecotoxicological assessment using a three-dimensional multi-species bio-testing model. The model included bioassays to determine phytotoxic effect, cytotoxic effect, and antimicrobial effect of oil-based paint. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of pre- and post-bioremediation samples was also detected to confirm its detoxification. Although, the pre-bioremediation samples of oil-based paint displayed significant toxicity against all the life forms. However, post-bioremediation, the cytotoxic effect against Artemia salina revealed substantial detoxification of oil-based paint with LD50 of 121 μl ml-1 (without glucose) and > 400 μl ml-1 (with glucose). Similarly, the reduction in toxicity against Raphanus raphanistrum seeds germination (%FG = 98 to 100%) was also evident of successful detoxification under experimental conditions. Moreover, the toxicity against test bacterial strains and fungal strains was completely removed after bioremediation. In addition, the post-bioremediation samples showed reduced antioxidant activities (% scavenging = 23.5 ± 0.35 and 28.9 ± 2.7) without and with glucose, respectively. Convincingly, the present multi-species bio-testing model in addition to antioxidant studies could be suggested as a validation tool for bioremediation experiments, especially for middle and low-income countries. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Hussain Phulpoto
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, 66020, Pakistan
| | - Muneer Ahmed Qazi
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, 66020, Pakistan
- US-Pak Center for Advanced Studies in Water, Institute of Water Resource Engineering and Management, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, 76062, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rahman Phul
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Safia Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmed Kanhar
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, 66020, Pakistan.
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6
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Dani VD, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. Analysis of earthworm sublethal toxic responses to atrazine exposure using 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:473-480. [PMID: 28888035 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine toxicity to earthworms is still not fully understood, particularly at sublethal concentrations. Because of the ubiquity of atrazine in the environment, it is imperative to understand the impacts of atrazine presence to soil-dwelling organisms. To examine this in detail, we used 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics to elucidate earthworm (Eisenia fetida) responses after 48 h of atrazine exposure in contact tests. Earthworms were exposed to 4 sublethal concentrations of 362.4, 181.2, 90.6, and 45.3 ng/cm2 , which correspond to 1/8th, 1/16th, 1/32nd, and 1/64th of the median lethal concentration (LC50) values, respectively. After exposure, polar metabolites were isolated from earthworm tissues and analyzed using 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Sublethal atrazine exposure induced a nonmonotonic response with respect to exposure concentration and caused an overall suppression in earthworm metabolism. Maltose, fumarate, malate, threonine/lactate, adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP), betaine, scyllo-inositol, glutamate, arginine, and glutamine were the metabolites identified as most sensitive to atrazine exposure. These observed fluctuations in the metabolic profile suggest that atrazine reduced ATP synthesis and negatively impacted the health of earthworms after acute sublethal exposure. Our study also demonstrates the utility of NMR-based metabolomics for the basic assessment of sublethal toxicity, which can then be used for more targeted approaches with other molecular techniques. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:473-480. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek D Dani
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - André J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Metabolic Responses of Eisenia Fetida to Individual Pb and Cd Contamination in Two Types of Soils. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13110. [PMID: 29026156 PMCID: PMC5638831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize the potential toxicity of low Pb- and Cd-contaminated arable soils, earthworms were exposed to Pb contaminated ferrosol, cambosol or Cd contaminated ferrosol for two weeks. Polar metabolites of earthworms were detected by nuclear magnetic resonance. Data were then analyzed with principal component analysis followed by orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares-discriminant analysis and univariate analysis to determine possible mechanisms for the changes in metabolites. The survival rates, metal concentrations and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of the earthworms were also measured and calculated as auxiliary data. The results showed that the metabolite profiles were highly similar in Pb-contaminated ferrosol and cambosol (R2 = 0.76, p < 0.0001), which can be attributed to similar response mechanisms. However, there was a more intense response in ferrosol likely due to higher Pb concentrations in earthworms. Metabolic pathways and BAFs exhibited apparent distinctions between Pb- and Cd-contaminated ferrosol, likely because they bind to different bio-ligands. The affected metabolic pathways were involved in alanine-aspartate-glutamate, purine, glutathione, valine-leucine-isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. Regarding the bioavailability in earthworms, Pb availability was higher for ferrosol than for cambosol. We confirmed that the potential toxicity of low Pb/Cd-contaminated soils can be characterized using earthworm metabolomics.
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8
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Kim SW, Kim D, Moon J, Chae Y, Kwak JI, Park Y, Jeong SW, An YJ. Earthworm dispersal assay for rapidly evaluating soil quality. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2766-2772. [PMID: 28440886 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms enhance soil functioning and are therefore key species in the soil. Their presence is generally a positive sign for a terrestrial ecosystem, because these species serve as important biomarkers in soil quality evaluations. We describe a novel bioassay, the "dispersal assay," that is a simple and rapid technique for field-based soil quality evaluations. It is based on the premise that earthworms prefer optimal soils if given the choice. Thus, assay tubes containing a reference soil were inserted in target sites, and earthworms were placed into these tubes. According to their soil preference, the earthworms dispersed into the surrounding soil, remained in the initial soil within the tubes, avoided both by crawling up the tube, or died. Furthermore, sensitivity responses to metal concentrations, electrical conductivity, and soil pH were observed in field tests. Although the dispersal assay did not completely match traditional toxicity endpoints such as earthworm survival, we found that it can serve as an in situ screening test for assessing soil quality. Overall, our dispersal assay was relatively rapid (within 24 h), had low levels of variation, and showed high correlations between earthworm behavior and soil physicochemical properties. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2766-2772. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Woong Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dokyung Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongmin Moon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yooeun Chae
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Il Kwak
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Younsu Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kusan National University, Kunsan, Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Jeong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kusan National University, Kunsan, Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea
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9
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Le Guennec A, Tayyari F, Edison AS. Alternatives to Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement Spectroscopy Presat and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill Presat for NMR-Based Metabolomics. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8582-8588. [PMID: 28737383 PMCID: PMC5588096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NMR metabolomics are primarily conducted with 1D nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY) presat for water suppression and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) presat as a T2 filter to remove macromolecule signals. Others pulse sequences exist for these two objectives but are not often used in metabolomics studies, because they are less robust or unknown to the NMR metabolomics community. However, recent improvements on alternative pulse sequences provide attractive alternatives to 1D NOESY presat and CPMG presat. We focus this perspective on PURGE, a water suppression technique, and PROJECT presat, a T2 filter. These two pulse sequences, when optimized, performed at least on par with 1D NOESY presat and CPMG presat, if not better. These pulse sequences were tested on common samples for metabolomics, human plasma, and urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Le Guennec
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry
& Molecular Biology, and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, Georgia 30602, United
States
| | - Fariba Tayyari
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry
& Molecular Biology, and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, Georgia 30602, United
States
| | - Arthur S. Edison
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry
& Molecular Biology, and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, Georgia 30602, United
States
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10
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Davis JM, Ekman DR, Teng Q, Ankley GT, Berninger JP, Cavallin JE, Jensen KM, Kahl MD, Schroeder AL, Villeneuve DL, Jorgenson ZG, Lee KE, Collette TW. Linking field-based metabolomics and chemical analyses to prioritize contaminants of emerging concern in the Great Lakes basin. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:2493-2502. [PMID: 27027868 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The ability to focus on the most biologically relevant contaminants affecting aquatic ecosystems can be challenging because toxicity-assessment programs have not kept pace with the growing number of contaminants requiring testing. Because it has proven effective at assessing the biological impacts of potentially toxic contaminants, profiling of endogenous metabolites (metabolomics) may help screen out contaminants with a lower likelihood of eliciting biological impacts, thereby prioritizing the most biologically important contaminants. The authors present results from a study that utilized cage-deployed fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) at 18 sites across the Great Lakes basin. They measured water temperature and contaminant concentrations in water samples (132 contaminants targeted, 86 detected) and used 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure endogenous metabolites in polar extracts of livers. They used partial least-squares regression to compare relative abundances of endogenous metabolites with contaminant concentrations and temperature. The results indicated that profiles of endogenous polar metabolites covaried with at most 49 contaminants. The authors identified up to 52% of detected contaminants as not significantly covarying with changes in endogenous metabolites, suggesting they likely were not eliciting measurable impacts at these sites. This represents a first step in screening for the biological relevance of detected contaminants by shortening lists of contaminants potentially affecting these sites. Such information may allow risk assessors to prioritize contaminants and focus toxicity testing on the most biologically relevant contaminants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2493-2502. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Davis
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia.
| | - Drew R Ekman
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia
| | - Quincy Teng
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Jason P Berninger
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Jenna E Cavallin
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Kathleen M Jensen
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Michael D Kahl
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Anthony L Schroeder
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | | | - Kathy E Lee
- Minnesota Water Science Center, US Geological Survey, Grand Rapids, Minnesota
| | - Timothy W Collette
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia.
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11
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Blondel C, Khelalfa F, Reynaud S, Fauvelle F, Raveton M. Effect of organochlorine pesticides exposure on the maize root metabolome assessed using high-resolution magic-angle spinning (1)H NMR spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 214:539-548. [PMID: 27131813 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
(1)H-HRMAS NMR-based metabolomics was used to better understand the toxic effects on maize root tips of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), namely lindane (γHCH) and chlordecone (CLD). Maize seedlings were exposed to 2.5 μM γHCH (mimicking basic environmental contaminations) for 7 days and compared to 2.5 μM CLD and 25 μM γHCH for 7 days (mimicking hot spot contaminations). The (1)H-HRMAS NMR-based metabolomic profiles provided details of the changes in carbohydrates, amino acids, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates and fatty acids with a significant separation between the control and OCP-exposed root tips. First of all, alterations in the balance between glycolysis/gluconeogenesis were observed with sucrose depletion and with dose-dependent fluctuations in glucose content. Secondly, observations indicated that OCPs might inactivate the TCA cycle, with sizeable succinate and fumarate depletion. Thirdly, disturbances in the amino acid composition (GABA, glutamine/glutamate, asparagine, isoleucine) reflected a new distribution of internal nitrogen compounds under OCP stress. Finally, OCP exposure caused an increase in fatty acid content, concomitant with a marked rise in oxidized fatty acids which could indicate failures in cell integrity and vitality. Moreover, the accumulation of asparagine and oxidized fatty acids with the induction of LOX3 transcription levels under OCP exposure highlighted an induction of protein and lipid catabolism. The overall data indicated that the effect of OCPs on primary metabolism could have broader physiological consequences on root development. Therefore, (1)H-HRMAS NMR metabolomics is a sensitive tool for understanding molecular disturbances under OCP exposure and can be used to perform a rapid assessment of phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Blondel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Farid Khelalfa
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Reynaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Muriel Raveton
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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12
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Ch R, Singh AK, Pandey P, Saxena PN, Reddy Mudiam MK. Identifying the metabolic perturbations in earthworm induced by cypermethrin using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry based metabolomics. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15674. [PMID: 26514086 PMCID: PMC4626786 DOI: 10.1038/srep15674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cypermethrin is one of the most widely used synthetic pyrethroid for agricultural and domestic purposes. Most part of the pesticides used in the agriculture ends up as residues in the soil, making soil dwelling organisms, especially earthworms more susceptible to pesticide intoxication. Cypermethrin is known to be a neurotoxicant to many model organisms, including mammals and insects, but such type of toxicity evidence is not available for invertebrate systems like earthworms. In the present work, metabolomics based approach was utilized to identify the toxic mechanism of action of cypermethrin on earthworm (Metaphire posthuma) and these were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of cypermethrin such as 2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg (1/40th, 1/20th, 1/10th and 1/5th of LC50, respectively) for fourteen days. The results revealed that 22 metabolites (mainly fatty acids, sugars and amino acids) were shown significant responses in the exposed earthworms and these responses are dose dependent. It is proposed that mainly carbohydrate and fatty acids in neural system metabolism was disturbed. Overall, the results provided that metabolomics can be an effective tool to understand the effects of cypermethrin on the metabolic responses of earthworm Metaphire posthuma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnasekhar Ch
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory &Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- IITR Main Campus, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory &Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pathya Pandey
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory &Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prem Narain Saxena
- SEM facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohana Krishna Reddy Mudiam
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory &Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- IITR Main Campus, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory &Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhang L, Zhang X, Cui W. Relationship between land use pattern and the structure and diversity of soil meso-micro arthropod community. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:707-717. [PMID: 24468921 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil arthropod communities can provide valuable information regarding the impacts of human disturbances on ecosystem structure. Our study evaluated the structure, composition and diversity of soil meso-micro arthropod communities, in six different vegetation types and assessed the impacts of human activity. A completely randomized design, including 3 replicates from 6 sites (mowing steppe, natural grassland, severe degradation grassland, farmland, artificial shelter forest, and wetland) was used. Soil samples from the depth of 0 to 20 cm were collected during May, July, and September 2007. Soil meso-micro arthropod were separated using the Tullgren funnels method, and were identified and counted. Soil pH value, organic matter, and total nitrogen were measured in topsoil (0-20 cm) from each site. A total of 5,602 soil meso-micro arthropod individuals were collected, representing 4 classes, 14 orders, and 57 families. Most soil arthropods were widely distributed; however, some species appeared to be influenced by environment variables, and might serve as bioindicators of adverse human impacts. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated the soil arthropod distribution in the severely degraded grassland, mowing steppe, farmland, and shelter forest differed from the natural grassland. Arthropod density and diversity were greatest in May, and the forestland community was the most stable. Because of the vital role soil arthropods have in maintaining a healthy ecosystem, mechanisms to maintain their abundance and diversity should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Monitoring of Geographic Environment, College of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, People's Republic of China
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Whitfield Åslund M, Stephenson GL, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. Comparison of earthworm responses to petroleum hydrocarbon exposure in aged field contaminated soil using traditional ecotoxicity endpoints and 1H NMR-based metabolomics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 182:263-268. [PMID: 23938450 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
(1)H NMR metabolomics and conventional ecotoxicity endpoints were used to examine the response of earthworms exposed to petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) in soil samples collected from a site that was contaminated with crude oil from a pipeline failure in the mid-1990s. The conventional ecotoxicity tests showed that the soils were not acutely toxic to earthworms (average survival ≥ 90%), but some soil samples impaired reproduction endpoints by >50% compared to the field control soil. Additionally, metabolomics revealed significant relationships between earthworm metabolic profiles (collected after 2 or 14 days of exposure) and soil properties including soil PHC concentration. Further comparisons by partial least squares regression revealed a significant relationship between the earthworm metabolomic data (collected after only 2 or 14 days) and the reproduction endpoints (measured after 63 days). Therefore, metabolomic responses measured after short exposure periods may be predictive of chronic, ecologically relevant toxicity endpoints for earthworms exposed to soil contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Whitfield Åslund
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4; Intrinsik Environmental Sciences Inc., 6605 Hurontario Street, Suite 500, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5T 0A3
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15
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McKelvie JR, Whitfield Åslund M, Celejewski MA, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. Reduction in the earthworm metabolomic response after phenanthrene exposure in soils with high soil organic carbon content. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 175:75-81. [PMID: 23337355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the correlation between soil organic carbon (OC) content and metabolic responses of Eisenia fetida earthworms after exposure to phenanthrene (58 ± 3 mg/kg) spiked into seven artificial soils with OC contents ranging from 1 to 27% OC. Principal component analysis of (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of aqueous extracts identified statistically significant differences in the metabolic profiles of control and phenanthrene-exposed E. fetida in the 1% OC soil only. Partial least squares analysis identified a metabolic response in the four soils with OC values ≤11% which was well correlated to estimated phenanthrene porewater concentrations. The results suggest that the higher sorption capability of high OC soils decreased the bioavailability of phenanthrene and the subsequent metabolic response of E. fetida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R McKelvie
- Environmental NMR Centre, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
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