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Revanales T, Lastra M, Sánchez-Mata A, García-Gallego MA, Mora J, Rodil IF. Biodiversity patterns of the benthic macrofaunal communities across the intertidal sedimentary shores of two Antarctic islands. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 194:106333. [PMID: 38185002 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Antarctic benthic ecosystems support a unique fauna characterized by high levels of diversity and endemism. However, our knowledge of the macrofauna communities across the Antarctic intertidal sedimentary shore is limited, and their fundamental ecological features, including spatial variability, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the abundance, community structure (i.e. taxa-specific abundance), and biodiversity patterns (α-, β-, and λ-diversity) of benthic macrofauna communities on intertidal sedimentary shores of two Antarctic islands (South Shetland archipelago, N of Antarctic Peninsula): Livingston and Deception. We conducted a quantitative sampling during two Austral summer campaigns (2004 and 2005), studying eleven intertidal sites, with five sites located on Livingston and six on Deception. Our results demonstrated a significantly higher abundance of intertidal benthic macrofauna communities on Livingston than on Deception. Furthermore, significant differences in community structure were observed between the two islands. In terms of biodiversity patterns, there were no significant differences in the number of taxa within communities (α-diversity) between the two islands. However, significant differences in the variation of community composition (determined by the number and identity of taxa) between intertidal sites (β-diversity) were observed, shedding light on the higher total taxa count (λ-diversity) on Livingston compared to Deception. We suggest that the island-specific characteristics (e.g., granulometric characteristics, ice disturbance, sedimentation rates, and geothermal activity) determine the differences observed in macrofauna communities. However, other ecological processes and factors are operating on different spatial and temporal scales (e.g., population dynamics, biotic interactions, oceanographic conditions, and climate change) that influence the occurrence and abundance of macrofaunal taxa. Our findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of the spatial variability of these communities and provide essential information for better management decisions and conservation practices in Antarctic coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Revanales
- Department of Biology, Institute of Marine Research (INMAR), University of Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - M Lastra
- Marine Research Center, University of Vigo, Geoma, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Mata
- Department of de Ecology and Animal Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, University of Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - M A García-Gallego
- Department of de Ecology and Animal Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, University of Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - J Mora
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - I F Rodil
- Department of Biology, Institute of Marine Research (INMAR), University of Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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Rosenfeld S, Maturana CS, Gañan M, Rendoll Cárcamo J, Díaz A, Contador T, Aldea C, Gonzalez-Wevar C, Orlando J, Poulin E. Revealing the hidden biodiversity of Antarctic and the Magellanic Sub-Antarctic Ecoregion: A comprehensive study of aquatic invertebrates from the BASE Project. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e108566. [PMID: 38318521 PMCID: PMC10840509 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e108566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Antarctica, its outlying archipelagoes and the Magellanic Subantarctic (MSA) ecoregion are amongst the last true wilderness areas remaining on the planet. Therefore, the publication, citation and peer review of their biodiversity data are essential. The new Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), a Chilean scientific initiative funded by the National Agency of Research and Innovation, contributes 770 new records of aquatic invertebrates as a point of reference for present-day biodiversity research at these latitudes. New information The occurrence dataset presented here has never been released before and is the result of the systematic recording of occurrences of several taxa across the Antarctic, Subantarctic and Magellanic Subantarctic ecoregions. We collected data from marine and freshwater invertebrates across numerous samplings from 2008 to 2023. From the 770 occurrences, we identified 160 taxa, 125 at species level and 35 at the genus level. The database has been registered in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). The publication of this data paper was funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, contract n°FR/36/AN1/AntaBIS) in the Framework of EU-Lifewatch as a contribution to the SCAR Antarctic biodiversity portal (biodiversity.aq).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Rosenfeld
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, ChileCape Horn International Center (CHIC)Puerto WilliamsChile
- Centro de Investigación Gaia‑Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, ChileCentro de Investigación Gaia‑Antártica, Universidad de MagallanesPunta ArenasChile
| | - Claudia S. Maturana
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, ChileCape Horn International Center (CHIC)Puerto WilliamsChile
| | - Melisa Gañan
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, ChileCape Horn International Center (CHIC)Puerto WilliamsChile
- Laboratorio de Estudios Dulceacuícolas Wankara, Programa de Conservación Biocultural Subantártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, ChileLaboratorio de Estudios Dulceacuícolas Wankara, Programa de Conservación Biocultural Subantártica, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- Millennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids - INVASAL, Concepción, ChileMillennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids - INVASALConcepciónChile
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, SpainFEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028BarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, SpainInstitut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Javier Rendoll Cárcamo
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, ChileCape Horn International Center (CHIC)Puerto WilliamsChile
- Laboratorio de Estudios Dulceacuícolas Wankara, Programa de Conservación Biocultural Subantártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, ChileLaboratorio de Estudios Dulceacuícolas Wankara, Programa de Conservación Biocultural Subantártica, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
| | - Angie Díaz
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, ChileDepartamento de Zoología, Universidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| | - Tamara Contador
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, ChileCape Horn International Center (CHIC)Puerto WilliamsChile
- Laboratorio de Estudios Dulceacuícolas Wankara, Programa de Conservación Biocultural Subantártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, ChileLaboratorio de Estudios Dulceacuícolas Wankara, Programa de Conservación Biocultural Subantártica, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- Millennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids - INVASAL, Concepción, ChileMillennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids - INVASALConcepciónChile
| | - Cristian Aldea
- Centro de Investigación Gaia‑Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, ChileCentro de Investigación Gaia‑Antártica, Universidad de MagallanesPunta ArenasChile
| | - Claudio Gonzalez-Wevar
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Facultad de Ciencias, Centro FONDAP IDEAL, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas (ICML), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, ChileFacultad de Ciencias, Centro FONDAP IDEAL, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas (ICML), Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
| | - Julieta Orlando
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Elie Poulin
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, ChileMillennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
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