|
1
|
Wang Y, Li X, Xu T, Li H, Liu J, Yang Q, Li W, Zidan SRS, Jiang C, Yuan Y, Tang R, Yu L, Li L, Zhang X, Li D. Long-Day Photoperiod Improves the Growth and Muscle Quality of Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). Foods 2025; 14:504. [PMID: 39942096 PMCID: PMC11817249 DOI: 10.3390/foods14030504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 02/01/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of photoperiods on the growth and muscle quality indicators of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), 225 fish (109.65 ± 3.62 g) were randomly assigned into five different photoperiod groups (0L:24D, 8L:16D, 12L:12D, 16L:8D, and 24L:0D). The experiment spanned a 75-day period, after which sampling and analysis were performed. Compared with the 0L:24D and 8L:16D groups, the 12L:12D and 16L:8D groups significantly promoted the growth of grass carp (p < 0.05). The texture parameters of the muscle in the 0L:24D and 16L:8D groups were significantly greater than those in the 12L:12D group (p < 0.05). The crude protein content was significantly higher in the 12L:12D and 16L:8D groups (p < 0.05). The amino acid content and muscle fiber characteristics, as well as the mRNA levels of myostatin (mstn), myogenic factor 5 (myf5), type I collagen α1 (col1α1), and α2 (col1α2), along with the hydroxyproline and collagen contents, were all significantly influenced by the photoperiod (p < 0.05). The lysine (Lys), aspartic acid (Asp), and alanine (Ala) contents in the muscle and muscle fiber density of grass carp reached the highest levels under the 16L:8D treatment (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results indicate that a 16L:8D photoperiod is optimal for enhancing both the growth and muscle quality indicators of grass carp. The findings of this study offer valuable scientific references for the precise regulation of grass carp quality when using a photoperiod, and they are anticipated to foster the further development and optimization of strategies for improving grass carp quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuxu Li
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huacheng Li
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jieya Liu
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Qiushi Yang
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenhan Li
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sayed R. S. Zidan
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Chengchen Jiang
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yutian Yuan
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liqin Yu
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Li
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (W.L.); (S.R.S.Z.); (C.J.); (Y.Y.); (R.T.); (L.Y.); (L.L.); (X.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Yousaf Z, Hussain SM, Ali S, Sarker PK, Al-Ghanim KA. Recuperative Effects of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) in Catla catla After Sub-Lethal Exposure to Lead. Biol Trace Elem Res 2025; 203:1075-1084. [PMID: 38698173 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This research was conducted to validate the beneficial effects of incorporating dietary cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) powder (CzP) in alleviating lead (Pb) poisoning in fish. Healthy Catla catla individuals (16.36 ± 0.19 g/fish) were distributed across 18 tanks in triplicate groups. The experimental groups were as follows: Control group: fish without supplementation or exposure to Pb; positive control group: fish without supplementation but exposed to 1 mg/L Pb; 5 g/kg CzP along with 1 mg/L Pb exposure; 10 g/kg CzP along with 1 mg/L Pb exposure; 15 g/kg CzP along with 1 mg/L Pb exposure; and 20 g/kg CzP along with 1 mg/L Pb exposure. The trial continued for a period of 60 days. Waterborne Pb had a deleterious effect on fish growth performance, body composition, blood profile, and digestive enzyme activity, along with elevated Pb accumulation in various tissues. Conversely, consumption of cinnamon effectively mitigated the toxic potential of Pb and enhanced fish longevity. Notably, 10 g/kg CzP boosted growth, improved carcass quality, reversed blood indices, restored enzyme function in the gut, and mitigated Pb accumulation in tissues. In summary, the findings revealed that incorporating 10 g/kg of CzP as a dietary supplement in C. catla aquaculture could effectively counteract heavy metal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Yousaf
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Makhdoom Hussain
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan.
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Pallab K Sarker
- Environmental Studies Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Khalid A Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Rairat T, Kitsanayanyong L, Keetanon A, Phansawat P, Wimanhaemin P, Chongprachavat N, Suanploy W, Chow EPY, Chuchird N. Effects of monoglycerides of short and medium chain fatty acids and cinnamaldehyde blend on the growth, survival, immune responses, and tolerance to hypoxic stress of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308559. [PMID: 39116116 PMCID: PMC11309431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Free fatty acids have long been used as dietary supplements in aquaculture, but the application of monoglycerides has increased interest in more recent times. The study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary short- and medium-chain fatty acid monoglyceride and cinnamaldehyde (SMMG) on the growth performance, survival, immune responses, and tolerance to hypoxic stress of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). In Experiment 1, shrimp post-larvae were divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates and fed with diets supplemented with 0 (control), 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5% diet for 30 days. The final body weight and survival rate were determined. In Experiment 2, the juvenile shrimp from Experiment 1 were subjected to hypoxic stress conditions (dissolved oxygen level 2-2.5 mg/L) for 14 days, then the specific growth rate (SGR), survival rate, intestinal Vibrio spp. count, immune responses, and histopathological change of the hepatopancreas were analyzed. Following the 30-day feeding trial, the results revealed that the final body weight and survival of the 0.3-0.5% SMMG groups (2.81-3.06 g and 74.00-84.33%, respectively) were significantly higher than the control shrimp (1.96 g and 68.33%, respectively). In the hypoxic stress experiment, the survival rates of shrimp fed 0.4-0.5% SMMG (71.67-80.00%) were significantly higher than the control (51.67%). Although the SGR were not affected by SMMG supplementation, all immune parameters evaluated were significantly enhanced, and the intestinal Vibrio spp. counts were significantly decreased in the 0.4-0.5% SMMG-fed shrimp; the histopathological structure of the hepatopancreas was also improved in these shrimp compared to the control. Our findings indicated that SMMG as a feed additive has beneficial effects in improving shrimp health and increasing tolerance to hypoxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tirawat Rairat
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Biology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Arunothai Keetanon
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Biology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Putsucha Phansawat
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Biology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Parattagorn Wimanhaemin
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Biology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natnicha Chongprachavat
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Biology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wiranya Suanploy
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Biology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Niti Chuchird
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Fishery Biology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Wahyudi IT, Jusadi D, Setiawati M, Ekasari J, Suprayudi MA. Dietary supplementation of cinnamaldehyde positively affects the physiology, feed utilization, growth, and body composition of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:813-826. [PMID: 38112905 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated the effects of diverse cinnamaldehyde (CIN) supplementation doses on the physiological attributes, feed utilization, growth, and body composition of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. The study incorporated five doses of CIN supplementation, namely 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 g kg-1 feed, with four replicates per group. Commercial extruded isonitrogenous and isoenergetic feeds with crude protein and gross energy levels of 28.46% ± 0.23% and 3858.70 ± 18.06 kcal kg-1, respectively, were used as test feeds. The initial weight of striped catfish was 5.57 ± 0.02 g, and 30 fish were maintained in each cage (2 × 1 × 1 m3) for 60 days. The results illustrated that the incorporation of CIN into the diet increases amylase and lipase levels and the ability of striped catfish to accumulate glucose, as the glucose tolerance test revealed that CIN 1.0 and 1.5 g kg-1 reduced glucose content to its basal level at 3-4 h postinjection and upregulated the insulin receptor, hexokinase, and hormone-sensitive lipase genes. CIN 1.5 g kg-1 also increased plasma total protein and high-density lipoprotein levels and reduced triglyceride and cholesterol levels. CIN 1.0-2.0 g kg-1 increased antioxidant capacity by increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione and decreasing malondialdehyde levels. CIN 1.5 g kg-1 was the best treatment for increasing final weight, the specific growth rate, protein retention, and the protein efficiency ratio and for decreasing the feed conversion ratio. CIN additionally increased meat protein and decreased meat and liver lipid content. This study concluded that 1.24 g kg-1 is the optimal CIN dose calculated from the equation Y = - 0.1487x2 + 0.3702x + 5.0724 (R2 = 0.71) to increase growth and feed efficiency in striped catfish by increasing nonprotein catabolism and exerting antioxidant effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imam Tri Wahyudi
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dedi Jusadi
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia.
| | - Mia Setiawati
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Julie Ekasari
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Agus Suprayudi
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Ruiz A, Sanahuja I, Andree KB, Furones D, Holhorea PG, Calduch-Giner JA, Pastor JJ, Viñas M, Pérez-Sánchez J, Morais S, Gisbert E. The potential of a combination of pungent spices as a novel supplement in gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata) diets to aid in the strategic use of fish oil in aquafeeds: a holistic perspective. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1222173. [PMID: 37818366 PMCID: PMC10561386 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1222173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This work studied the potential of a combination of pungent spices (capsicum, black pepper, ginger, and cinnamaldehyde) to be used as a supplement in diets of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata; 44.1 ± 4.2 g). During 90 days, fish were fed three experimental diets with low inclusion of fish oil and containing poultry fat as the main source of lipids, supplemented with graded levels of the tested supplement: 0 (control), 0.1 (SPICY0.1%), and 0.15% (SPICY0.15%). As a result, the pungent spices enhanced the growth performance, the activity of the bile-salt-activated lipase in the intestine, and decreased fat deposit levels within enterocytes. The SPICY0.1% diet reduced the feed conversion ratio and the perivisceral fat index and lipid deposits in the liver. Moreover, the ratio of docosahexaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid in fillet increased in fish fed the SPICY0.1% diet, while the hepatic levels of docosahexaenoic acid and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids increased in fish fed the SPICY0.15% diet. Furthermore, there was an effect on the expression of some biomarkers related to lipid metabolism in 2-h postprandial fish (fasn, elovl6, scd1b, cyp7a1, lpl, and pparβ), and in 48 h fasted-fish fed with the SPICY0.1% diet, a regulation of the intestinal immune response was indicated. However, no significant differences were found in lipid apparent digestibility and proximate macronutrient composition. The spices did not affect biomarkers of hepatic or oxidative stress. No differences in microbial diversity were found, except for an increase in Simpson's Index in the posterior intestine of fish fed the SPICY0.1% diet, reflected in the increased relative abundance of the phylum Chloroflexi and lower relative abundances of the genera Campylobacter, Corynebacterium, and Peptoniphilus. In conclusion, the supplementation of gilthead seabream diets with pungent spices at an inclusion of 0.1% was beneficial to enhance growth performance and feed utilization; reduce fat accumulation in the visceral cavity, liver, and intestine; and improve the fish health status and condition. Results suggest that the tested supplement can be used as part of a nutritional strategy to promote a more judicious use of fish oil in fish diets due to its decreasing availability and rising costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ruiz
- Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, La Ràpita, Spain
- Ph.D. Program in Aquaculture, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sanahuja
- Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, La Ràpita, Spain
| | - Karl B. Andree
- Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, La Ràpita, Spain
| | - Dolors Furones
- Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, La Ràpita, Spain
| | - Paul G. Holhorea
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - Josep A. Calduch-Giner
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - Jose J. Pastor
- Innovation Division, Animal Science Unit, Lucta S.A. Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marc Viñas
- Sustainability in Biosystems, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA) Torre Marimon, Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - Sofia Morais
- Innovation Division, Animal Science Unit, Lucta S.A. Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Enric Gisbert
- Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, La Ràpita, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Li Q, Wang Z, Dong Y, Yi D, Wu T, Wang L, Zhao D, Hou Y. Dietary supplementation with a complex of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol negatively affects the intestinal function in LPS-challenged piglets. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1098579. [PMID: 37065240 PMCID: PMC10097997 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1098579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol complex (CCT) on the growth performance and intestinal function of piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were determined. Colistin sulphate (CS) was as a positive control. Method Piglets (n = 24, 32 days of age) were allocated to four treatments: Control group (fed basal diet), LPS group (fed basal diet), CS+LPS group (fed basal diet + 50 mg/kg CS), and CCT+LPS group (fed basal diet + 50 mg/kg CCT). Results Results showed that diarrhea rates of piglets were significantly reduced by CCT and CS supplementation respectively. Further research showed that CS supplementation tended to improve the intestinal absorption function in LPS-challenged piglets. Moreover, CS supplementation significantly reduced the contents of cortisol in blood and malondialdehyde in the duodenum and the activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the duodenum and ileum and total nitric oxide synthase in the ileum in LPS-challenged piglets. CS supplementation significantly increased the activities of sucrase in the ileum and myeloperoxidase in the jejunum in LPS-challenged piglets. CS supplementation significantly alleviated the reduced mRNA levels of immune-related genes (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10) in mesenteric lymph nodes and jejunum and mucosal growth-related genes (IGF-1, mTOR, ALP) in LPS-challenged piglets. These results suggested that CS supplementation improved the intestinal function in LPS-challenged piglets by improving intestinal oxidative stress, immune stress, and absorption and repair function. However, although CCT supplementation improved oxidative stress by reducing (p < 0.05) the content of malondialdehyde and the activity of nitric oxide synthase in the duodenum, CCT supplementation tended to aggravate the intestinal absorption dysfunction in LPS-challenged piglets. Furthermore, compared with the control and LPS groups, CCT supplementation remarkably elevated the content of prostaglandin in plasma and the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factor IL-6 in mesenteric lymph nodes and jejunum, and reduced the activity of maltase in the ileum in LPS-challenged piglets. These results suggested that CCT supplementation had a negative effect on intestinal function by altering intestinal immune stress response and reducing disaccharidase activity in LPS-challenged piglets. Conclusions Compared to CS, CCT supplementation exhibited a negative effect on intestinal function, suggesting whether CCT can be as an effective feed additive still needs further study.
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Chen Z, Jing F, Lu M, Su C, Tong R, Pan L. Effects of dietary trans-cinnamaldehyde on growth performance, lipid metabolism, immune response and intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:908-917. [PMID: 36356856 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC) on growth performance, lipid metabolism, immune response and intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 3 replicants in each group and 70 shrimp in each replicant. The contents of TC in the four groups were 0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 g kg-1, respectively. Samples were taken after 56 days, followed by a 7-day vibrio harveyi challenge experiment. The results showed that TC significantly improved the growth performance by enhancing the activity of digestive enzymes in shrimp (P < 0.05). TC also reduced the content of crude fat (P < 0.05). The addition of TC to the diet attenuated lipid deposition, as evidenced by a reduction in the content of crude fat and a decrease in plasma levels of cholesterol and triglycerides (P < 0.05). The expression of key genes for fatty acid and triglycerides synthesis were significantly down-regulated and key genes for fatty acid β-oxidation were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). In addition, the immune response and antioxidant capability of shrimp were significantly enhanced by the addition of TC to the diet (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, TC could improve intestinal health by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and decreasing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, but had no significant effect on alpha diversity and beta diversity (P > 0.05). In addition, the results of histopathological sections and plasma transaminase studies showed that TC could improve the health status of hepatopancreas and was a safe nutritional supplement. After the 7-day Vibrio harveyi challenge, the cumulative mortality of shrimp decreased with increasing levels of dietary TC compared with control group (P < 0.05). These results suggested that TC could be used as a nutritional supplement for shrimp to enhance disease resistance and reduce lipid accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Futao Jing
- Shandong Fisheries Development and Resources Conservation Center, Jinan, 50000, China
| | - Mingxiang Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chen Su
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ruixue Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Gu Y, Han J, Wang W, Zhan Y, Wang H, Hua W, Liu Y, Guo Y, Xue Z, Wang W. Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling ( Hexagrammos otakii). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2022; 2022:2132754. [PMID: 36860471 PMCID: PMC9973157 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2132754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) is a kind of economic fish that is widely consumed by human, and its intensive farming technology is making important progress. However, high-density farming may cause the occurrence of diseases in H. otakii. Cinnamaldehyde (CNE) is a new feed additive for aquatic animals and has a positive effect on disease resistance. In the study, dietary CNE was evaluated on the growth performance, digestion, immune response, and lipid metabolism of juvenile H. otakii (6.21 ± 0.19 g). Six experimental diets were formulated containing CNE at levels of 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg for 8 weeks. The percent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR), survival (SR), and feeding rate (FR) were significantly increased by including CNE in fish diets regardless of the inclusion level (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly decreased among the groups fed CNE supplemented diets (P < 0.05). A significant decrease in hepatosomatic index (HSI) was observed in fish fed 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg CNE compared to the control diet (P < 0.05). Fish-fed diets containing 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg CNE had a higher level of crude protein in muscles than the control diet (P < 0.05). Moreover, the activities of lipase (LPS) and pepsin (PEP) in the intestinal were markedly increased in juvenile H. otakii-fed dietary CNE (P < 0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter, protein, and lipid was significantly increased with CNE supplement (P < 0.05). The activities of catalase (CAT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the liver were markedly enhanced by including CNE in juvenile H. otakii diets compared with the control (P < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the liver were markedly enhanced in juvenile H. otakii treated with CNE supplements 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Additionally, the levels of total protein (TP) in the serum were markedly increased by including CNE in juvenile H. otakii diets compared with the control (P < 0.05). In the CNE200, CNE400, and CNE600 groups, albumin (ALB) levels in the serum were markedly higher compared with that in the control (P < 0.05). In the CNE200 and CNE400 groups, the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the serum were significantly increased compared with that the control group (P < 0.05). The juvenile H. otakii-fed dietary CNE had lower triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TCHO) levels in the serum than fish-fed CNE-free diets (P < 0.05). The gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) in the liver was significantly increased by including CNE in fish diets regardless of the inclusion level (P < 0.05). However, fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACCα) in the liver were markedly decreased with CNE supplements 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The glucose-6-phosphate1-dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene expression levels in the liver were markedly decreased compared with the control (P < 0.05). The optimal supplementation level of CNE was shown by curve equation analysis to be 590.90 mg/kg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jian Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Huijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wenyuan Hua
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yafeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhuang Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Zhou Y, Wu P, Feng L, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Peng Y, Kuang SY, Tang L, Li SW, Zhou XQ. Improvement of nutritional value and sensory quality by promoting protein deposition and muscle fiber growth in grass carp muscle (Ctenopharyngodon idella): the effect of cinnamaldehyde. Food Chem 2022; 399:133799. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
|
10
|
The Use of Cinnamon Essential Oils in Aquaculture: Antibacterial, Anesthetic, Growth-Promoting, and Antioxidant Effects. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7030133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon essential oils (EOs) are widely known for their pharmaceutical properties; however, studies investigating the use of these EOs in aquaculture are scarce. The aims of this study were to evaluate the anesthetic effect of bathing silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) with Cinnamomum cassia EO (CCEO) and its nanoemulsion (NCCEO); the growth-promoting and antioxidant effects of dietary supplementation with CCEO in silver catfish; and the in vitro antibacterial effect of CCEO, NCCEO, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO (CZEO) against bacteria isolated from diseased silver catfish. The two cinnamon EOs showed promising antibacterial activity, which was potentiated by the nanoemulsion. CCEO showed satisfactory anesthetic activity in silver catfish, and its nanoemulsion intensified the sedative activity. Supplementation of 1.0 mL CCEO per kg of diet for 60 days increased weight, length, and weight gain when compared to the control group, evidencing the growth-promoting activity of this EO. Dietary supplementation of CCEO for 30 and 60 days also showed an antioxidant effect, as it decreased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species and increased the superoxide dismutase activity in the liver of silver catfish. Therefore, cinnamon EOs have a promising use in aquaculture.
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Habiba MM, Hussein EE, Ashry AM, El-Zayat AM, Hassan AM, El-Shehawi AM, Sewilam H, Van Doan H, Dawood MA. Dietary Cinnamon Successfully Enhanced the Growth Performance, Growth Hormone, Antibacterial Capacity, and Immunity of European Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2128. [PMID: 34359255 PMCID: PMC8300298 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary cinnamon has several bioactive compounds with growth-promoting and immunomodulation potential and is suggested for finfish species. This study evaluated the inclusion of cinnamon at 0, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) diets. After 90 days, the highest final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and the lowest feed conversion ratio were seen in fish treated with 10 g/kg (p < 0.05). Further, the measured growth hormone in the blood indicated that fish treated with 10 g/kg had a higher level than fish 0 and 20 g/kg. After the feeding trial, fish treated with cinnamon at varying levels had higher lipid content than fish before the feeding trial (p < 0.05). Lower Vibrio spp. and Faecal Coliform counts were observed in fish treated with cinnamon than fish fed a cinnamon-free diet (p < 0.05). The hematocrit level was markedly (p < 0.05) increased in fish fed cinnamon at 10 g/kg compared to the control without significant differences with fish fed 15 and 20 g/kg. Hemoglobin was significantly increased in fish treated with cinnamon at 10, 15, and 20 g/kg compared to fish fed a cinnamon-free diet (p < 0.05). Red and white blood cells (RBCs and WBCs) were meaningfully (p < 0.05) increased in fish treated with cinnamon compared with the control. Markedly, fish treated with cinnamon had higher serum total lipids than the control with the highest value in fish treated with 15 g/kg (p < 0.05). The lysozyme activity was markedly higher in fish treated with 15 g cinnamon/kg than fish fed 0, 10, and 20 g/kg (p < 0.05). Moreover, phagocytic activity was significantly higher in fish treated with cinnamon at 10, and 15 g/kg than fish fed 0 and 20 g/kg (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary cinnamon is suggested at 10-15 g/kg for achieving the high production and wellbeing of European sea bass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M. Habiba
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (M.M.H.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Ebtehal E. Hussein
- Department of Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32516, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Ashry
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (M.M.H.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Zayat
- Department of Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11865, Egypt;
| | - Aziza M. Hassan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif P.O. Box 11099, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.H.); (A.M.E.-S.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif P.O. Box 11099, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.H.); (A.M.E.-S.)
| | - Hani Sewilam
- The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Department of Engineering Hydrology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Mahmoud A.O. Dawood
- The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33512, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Abd El-Hamid MI, Ibrahim SM, Eldemery F, El-Mandrawy SAM, Metwally AS, Khalifa E, Elnahriry SS, Ibrahim D. Dietary cinnamaldehyde nanoemulsion boosts growth and transcriptomes of antioxidant and immune related genes to fight Streptococcus agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 113:96-105. [PMID: 33826939 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary cinnamaldehyde nanoemulsion (CNE) on growth, digestive activities, antioxidant and immune responses and resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) in Nile tilapia. Four experimental diets were formulated containing CNE at levels of 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg diet for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, all fish were challenged by S. agalactiae. The results showed that the final body weight was increased in fish groups fed 200 and 300 mg CNE/kg diet by 18.4 and 17.2% with respect to the control group. Moreover, feed conversion ratio and digestive enzymes' activities were improved in groups fed 200 and 300 then 100 mg of dietary CNE/kg diet. Groups fed CNE exhibited a significant increase in serum immune-related parameters when compared with control group. Additionally, the hypocholesterolemic effects was achieved after CNE feeding unlike the control group in a dose dependent manner. With increasing dietary CNE levels, genes expression of cytokines and antioxidant enzymes were upregulated. Less severe adverse clinical symptoms and respectable cumulative mortalities associated with S. agalactiae infection were observed in fish fed CNE. To our knowledge, this study was the first offering a protective effect of CNE against S. agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia with a maximum down-regulation of cylE and hylB virulence genes expression noticed in group fed 300 mg of CNE/kg diet (up to 0.10 and 0.19- fold, respectively). Therefore, the present study recommended that an incorporation of CNE at level of 300 mg/kg diet for Nile tilapia could promote their growth, enhance their immunity and antioxidant status and provide protection against virulent S. agalactiae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa I Abd El-Hamid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Seham M Ibrahim
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Fatma Eldemery
- Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Shefaa A M El-Mandrawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Aya Sh Metwally
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Eman Khalifa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51511, Egypt
| | - Shimaa S Elnahriry
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Menofia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ibrahim
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|