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Messmore M, Kassab AJ, Prather RO, Arceo DAC, DeCampli W. Cilia and Nodal Flow in Asymmetry: An Engineering Perspective. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 52:63-82. [PMID: 38523441 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2024051678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Over the past several years, cilia in the primitive node have become recognized more and more for their contribution to development, and more specifically, for their role in axis determination. Although many of the mechanisms behind their influence remain undocumented, it is known that their presence and motion in the primitive node of developing embryos is the determinant of the left-right axis. Studies on cilial mechanics and nodal fluid dynamics have provided clues as to how this asymmetry mechanism works, and more importantly, have shown that direct manipulation of the flow field in the node can directly influence physiology. Although relatively uncommon, cilial disorders have been shown to have a variety of impacts on individuals from chronic respiratory infections to infertility, as well as situs inversus which is linked to congenital heart disease. After first providing background information pertinent to understanding nodal flow and information on why this discussion is important, this paper aims to give a review of the history of nodal cilia investigations, an overview of cilia mechanics and nodal flow dynamics, as well as a review of research studies current and past that sought to understand the mechanisms behind nodal cilia's involvement in symmetry-breaking pathways through a biomedical engineering perspective. This discussion has the additional intention to compile interdisciplinary knowledge on asymmetry and development such that it may encourage more collaborative efforts between the sciences on this topic, as well as provide insight on potential paths forward in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain J Kassab
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Ray O Prather
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, FL, 32114, USA; University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; The Heart Center at Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL 32806, USA
| | - David A Castillo Arceo
- College of Engineering and Computer Science (CECS), University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - William DeCampli
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA; The Heart Center, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
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Xie P, Kocur OM, Cheung S, Ng L, Albertini DF, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD. Sperm centriolar factors and genetic defects that can predict pregnancy. Fertil Steril 2023; 120:720-728. [PMID: 37487819 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The human sperm centrosome, comprising the two morphologically distinct centrioles and associated pericentriolar materials, plays a crucial role in fertilization and early embryonic development after fertilization. Once inside the oocyte, the sperm centrosome serves as a microtubule-organizing center, orchestrating mitotic spindle formation, chromosome segregation, and syngamy. Abnormalities of the sperm centrosome can lead to abnormal embryonic development and embryonic chromosomal instability, and are associated with pregnancy loss. Recent research has shed light on the molecular composition, regulation, and function of this vital organelle. Understanding the intricacies of the sperm centrosome is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying successful fertilization and early embryonic development, as well as addressing infertility and developmental disorders associated with centrosomal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Xie
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Stephanie Cheung
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lily Ng
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Zev Rosenwaks
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Gianpiero D Palermo
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
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Leel M, Abid M, Fatima K, Sandesh F, Kumar A. Managing Kartagener's Syndrome With Type II Respiratory Failure and Left-Sided Pneumothorax During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e44632. [PMID: 37799232 PMCID: PMC10548309 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kartagener's syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder with symptoms varying from chronic sinusitis to bronchiectasis and situs inversus (a congenital condition in which the visceral organs are located in an opposite location). We describe a rare and complicated case of a 40-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency room with significant chest congestion and Kartagener's syndrome. This case demonstrates the value of individualized and proactive care as well as the challenge of managing this illness, particularly when it coexists with type II respiratory failure related to pneumothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Leel
- Infectious Diseases, District Headquarter Hospital, Bhakkar, PAK
| | - Marvi Abid
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
| | - Kiran Fatima
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
| | - Fnu Sandesh
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Aakash Kumar
- Internal Medicine, Mercy Health - St. Rita's Medical Center, Lima, USA
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Pereira R, Barbosa T, Cardoso AL, Sá R, Sousa M. Cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia: Similarities and differences. Respir Med 2023; 209:107169. [PMID: 36828173 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) and Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) are both rare chronic diseases, inherited disorders associated with multiple complications, namely respiratory complications, due to impaired mucociliary clearance that affect severely patients' lives. Although both are classified as rare diseases, PCD has a much lower prevalence than CF, particularly among Caucasians. As a result, CF is well studied, better recognized by clinicians, and with some therapeutic approaches already available. Whereas PCD is still largely unknown, and thus the approach is based on consensus guidelines, expert opinion, and extrapolation from the larger evidence base available for patients with CF. Both diseases have some clinical similarities but are very different, necessitating different treatment by specialists who are familiar with the complexities of each disease.This review aims to provide an overview of the knowledge about the two diseases with a focus on the similarities and differences between both in terms of disease mechanisms, common clinical manifestations, genetics and the most relevant therapeutic options. We hoped to raise clinical awareness about PCD, what it is, how it differs from CF, and how much information is still lacking. Furthermore, this review emphasises the fact that both diseases require ongoing research to find better treatments and, in particular for PCD, to fill the medical and scientific gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Pereira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Telma Barbosa
- UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pediatrics, Maternal Child Centre of the North (CMIN), University Hospital Centre of Porto (CHUP), Largo da Maternidade, 4050-371, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Lúcia Cardoso
- UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pediatrics, Maternal Child Centre of the North (CMIN), University Hospital Centre of Porto (CHUP), Largo da Maternidade, 4050-371, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rosália Sá
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mário Sousa
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-UP/ ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, UP, Porto, Portugal.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Busehail MY, Haider F. A Novel DNAH9 Gene Mutation Causing Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia With an Unusual Association of Jejunal Atresia in a Bahraini Child. Cureus 2022; 14:e32964. [PMID: 36712782 PMCID: PMC9876387 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder. It is caused by a defect in the action of the cilia lining multiple organs of the body, including the lungs, the sinuses, hepatobiliary and reproductive organs. In general, the estimated prevalence of this condition is one in 15,000-20,000 individuals. It is characterized by the triad of chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus, which occurs in 50% of the cases. It can be associated with other diseases too. Genetic studies can aid in confirming the diagnosis of this condition. A high degree of suspicion about PCD among pediatricians, neonatologists, otorhinolaryngologists, and pulmonologists is essential to make early referrals of patients before they develop irreversible lung damage. Hence, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are very important. Multicenter collaborations might improve the quality of treatment and patient outcomes. Here, we discuss a case of PCD with a unique association with type IIIb jejunal atresia, and developmental delay secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency. Moreover, the patient was found to have a novel DNAH9 gene mutation in a compound heterozygous state. This is the first case of this rare disease to be reported from Bahrain. This case report is also associated with an extensive literature review.
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Peng B, Gao YH, Xie JQ, He XW, Wang CC, Xu JF, Zhang GJ. Clinical and genetic spectrum of primary ciliary dyskinesia in Chinese patients: a systematic review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:283. [PMID: 35854386 PMCID: PMC9295413 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) represents a highly heterogenous disorder with extensive clinical and genetic patterns among populations of different geographic location and ethnic origin. However, data about Chinese patients are limited. We aimed to summarize the clinical and genetic spectrum of Chinese PCD patients based on all available literatures. Methods We searched Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science and Chinese databases including CNKI, SinoMed and Wanfang from 1981 to 2021, to identify articles reporting patients with PCD in China, which had included information about transmission electron microscopy and/or genetic testing. Results A total of 244 Chinese PCD patients in 52 articles were included. Of these patients, the mean age was 13.1 years, and 55 patients (22.5%) were diagnosed with PCD after 18 years old. Compared with patients diagnosed with PCD in childhood or infancy, patients diagnosed with PCD in adulthood had a higher prevalence of chronic wet cough, sinusitis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) isolation and radiological bronchiectasis as well as worse lung function. 25 PCD-related genes were identified in 142 patients, and DNAH5, DNAH11, CCDC39 and CCDC40 were the most frequently detected mutations. More than half of genetic variants were loss-of-function mutations, and the majority of these variants were seen only once. Correlations between PCD phenotype, genotype and ciliary ultrastructure were also evidenced. Conclusions Diagnostic delay and under-recognition of PCD remain a big issue in China, which contributes to progressive lung disease and PA infection indicating worse outcome. Specialist equipment and expertise are urgently required to facilitate the early diagnosis and treatment of PCD. Trial registry PROSPERO; No.: CRD42021257804; URL:www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-022-02427-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Hua Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jia-Qi Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xiao-Wen He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Cong-Cong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jin-Fu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Biallelic Variants in CCDC39 Gene Lead to Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and Kartagener Syndrome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7130555. [PMID: 35795318 PMCID: PMC9251071 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7130555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a clinical syndrome characterized by cilia with an abnormal structure or function. Its main clinical manifestations comprise chronic bronchitis, cough, recurrent respiratory infections, situs inversus, and male infertility. Single-gene variants are widely assumed to be the main cause of this rare disease, and more than 40 genes have been described to be associated with its onset. CCDC39 is essential for assembling the inner dynein arms and dynein regulatory complex and is important in cilia motility. CCDC39 variants were reported as a monogenic etiology of PCD. Methods This study investigated two unrelated Chinese patients diagnosed as PCD. The chest computed tomography scan was performed to identify PCD phenotypes of the two probands. Considering the effect of PCD on male fertility, routine semen analysis, sperm morphology examination, and scanning electron microscopy were performed to assess the semen characteristics of male proband in family 2 (F2 II-1), who had a history of infertility. Subsequently, the peripheral blood samples of probands were collected to perform whole-exome sequencing (WES) to explore the possible genetic causes of this disease. Results Whole-exome sequencing revealed a homozygous CCDC39 variant in the female proband of family 1 (F1 II-1: c.286C>T:p.Arg96Ter) and two compound heterozygous CCDC39 variants in the male proband of family 2 (F2 II-1: c.732_733del: p.Ala245PhefsTer18; c.2800_2802dup:p.Val934dup). The two probands showed the typical PCD phenotypes, including chronic bronchitis, recurrent respiratory infections, and situs inversus. The male proband also showed oligoasthenoteratospermia with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella. Additionally, CCDC39 protein level was significantly lower in the sperm of male proband than in the sperm from normal controls. Conclusion We identified a homozygous variant reported previously and two compound heterozygous variants of CCDC39 possibly responsible for PCD pathogenesis, expanding the variant spectrum of Chinese PCD, Kartagener syndrome, and morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella involving CCDC39.
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Feng J, Li J, Du Y, Shi T, Sharma L, Jie Z. Case Report: Rare Dynein Axonemal Heavy Chain 9 Mutations in a Han-Chinese Patient With Kartagener Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:893968. [PMID: 35770021 PMCID: PMC9234165 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.893968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 52-year-old woman presented with respiratory symptoms of productive cough and shortness of breath. She had suffered from repeated pneumonia. The CT scans revealed chronic sinusitis, tree bud signs in pulmonary imaging, and situs inversus. She received a primary diagnosis of Kartagener syndrome of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and a genetic examination was performed. Compound heterozygous mutations in dynein axonemal heavy chain 9 (DNAH9) were identified, which encoded outer dynein arms (ODAs) components. DNAH9 mutations are relatively rare events in PCD, and this is the first report of PCD patients with DNAH9 mutations in the Chinese population. Further, a literature review of mutations in PCD was conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqing Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Du
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyun Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Zhijun Jie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhijun Jie,
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Liu L, Zhou K, Song Y, Liu X. CCDC40 mutation as a cause of infertility in a Chinese family with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28275. [PMID: 34941110 PMCID: PMC8702141 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIAL DESIGN Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetical disease that inherited in an autosomal-recessive way. Its clinical manifestations (such as male infertility) are mainly caused by defects of motion-related cilia that encoded by mutated genes. Although some mutation has been verified, a number of mutations of PCD remain elusive. The main purpose of this study is to identify mutant genes in a Chinese family with PCD, and to verify the safety and effectiveness of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of infertility caused by PCD. METHODS Imaging examination was used to exclude pulmonary inflammation and visceral translocation. Semen analysis was used to assess the quality of the proband's sperm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was conducted to assess the ultrastructure of flagella and cilia. Targeted next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing and qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction detecting system) were applied to identified mutation of Chinese Family suspected of having PCD. Viable sperm were selected by hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) for ICSI. RESULTS We report 2 novel mutations in CCDC40 gene (c.1259delA and EX17_20 deletion) resulted in immobility of sperm and infertility of the proband. These mutations were confirmed in the proband's sister (heterozygous) and his parents (recessive carrier) by Sanger sequencing and qPCR. All the spermatozoa from the proband were immotile. Ultrastructural defects were found in flagella and cilia of proband and his sister. Viable sperms were selected by HOST for ICSI and fertilized 9 of 21 eggs. Two frozen embryos were transplanted and a healthy 3500 g boy was delivered at 40 + 4 weeks' gestation. And then, we summarized the genes related to PCD and the mutant sites of CCDC40 gene. CONCLUSION We reported 2 novel mutants in CCDC40 gene (c.1259delA and EX17_20 deletion), which could be candidates for genetic diagnosis in PCD patients. The combination of targeted next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing may be a useful tool to diagnose PCD. ICSI is a considerable method in treatment of infertility caused by PCD.
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Wang L, Zhao X, Liang H, Zhang L, Li C, Li D, Meng X, Meng F, Gao M. Novel compound heterozygous mutations of DNAH5 identified in a pediatric patient with Kartagener syndrome: case report and literature review. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:263. [PMID: 34391405 PMCID: PMC8364053 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kartagener syndrome is a subtype of primary ciliary dyskinesia that may exhibit various symptoms including neonatal respiratory distress and frequent infections of the lung, sinus and middle ear because of the impaired function of motile cilia. In addition to typical symptoms of primary ciliary dyskinesia, patients with Kartagener syndrome also show situs inversus. It is an autosomal recessive disorder which is mostly caused by mutations in DNAH5. Kartagener syndrome is often underdiagnosed due to challenges in the diagnosis process. As next-generation sequencing becomes widely used in clinical laboratories, genetic testing provides an accurate approach to the diagnosis of Kartagener syndrome. CASE PRESENTATION A 7-year-old female patient presented with runny nose of 6 years duration and recurrent cough with phlegm of 2 years duration. Kartagener syndrome was diagnosed through diagnostic tests such as nasal nitric oxide (NO) concentration and transmission electron microscopy, and after performing other exams that corroborated the diagnosis, such as computed tomography, bronchoscopy and hearing test. Whole-exome sequencing was performed for the patient and both parents. The pediatric patient was diagnosed as Kartagener syndrome with the typical symptoms of ciliary dyskinesia including bronchiectasis, sinusitis, conductive hearing loss and situs inversus along with a reduced nasal NO concentration and ciliary abnormalities. The patient carried two novel compound heterozygous mutations in DNAH5, NM_001369:c.12813G > A (p. Trp4271Term) and NM_001369:c.9365delT (p. Leu3122Term). Both mutations lead to premature stop codons and thus are pathogenic. The p. Trp4271Term and p. Leu3122Term mutations were inherited from the father and the mother of the patient individually. A literature review was also conducted to summarize DNAH5 mutations in pediatric patients with Kartagener syndrome across different ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a good example of the diagnosis of Kartagener syndrome in pediatric patients using a series of diagnostic tests combined with genetic testing. Two novel loss-of-function mutations in DNAH5 were identified and validated in a pediatric patient with Kartagener syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Pediatric Department of Respiration II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Pediatric Department of Respiration II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Hang Liang
- Pediatric Department of Respiration II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Pediatric Department of Respiration II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Pediatric Department of Respiration II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Deli Li
- Pediatric Department of Respiration II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | | | - Fanzheng Meng
- Pediatric Department of Respiration II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Mao Gao
- Pediatric Department of Respiration II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, China.
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[Dyspnea and situs inversus in a boy aged 3 days]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2021. [PMID: 34130787 PMCID: PMC8214005 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A boy was admitted on day 3 after birth due to shortness of breath for 2 days and cyanosis for 1 day. He had clinical manifestations of dyspnea in the early postnatal period and situs inversus, and was finally diagnosed with Kartagener syndrome. His condition was improved after oxygen therapy, anti-infective therapy, and aerosol therapy. The genetic testing showed that there was a large-fragment loss of heterozygosity, exon 48_50, and a hemizygous mutation, c.7915C > T(p.R2639X), in the DNAH5 gene. Kartagener syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease, and this is the first case of Kartagener syndrome diagnosed in the neonatal period in China.
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Identification of a frame shift mutation in the CCDC151 gene in a Han-Chinese family with Kartagener syndrome. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225129. [PMID: 32490514 PMCID: PMC7298131 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Kartagener syndrome (KS), a subtype of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), is characterized by bronchiectasis, chronic sinusitis, male infertility and situs inversus. KS is a genetically heterogeneous disease that is inherited in an autosomal recessive form; however, X-linked inheritance has also been reported. As of this writing [late 2020], at least 34 loci, most of which have known genes, have been reported in the literature as associating with KS. In the present study, we identified a frame shift mutation, c.167delG (p.G56Dfs*26), in the coiled-coil domain containing 151 gene (CCDC151) responsible for KS in a Han-Chinese family. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a CCDC151 c.167delG mutation in the KS patient. These findings may expand the CCDC151 mutation spectrum of KS, and contribute to future genetic counseling and gene-targeted therapy for this disease.
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Sakamoto K, Nakajima M, Kawamura K, Nakamura E, Tada N, Kondo A, Arai H, Miyajima M. Ependymal ciliary motion and their role in congenital hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv Syst 2021; 37:3355-3364. [PMID: 33999288 PMCID: PMC8578171 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-021-05194-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Since a case of hydrocephalus in humans considered to be caused by ciliary dysfunction was first reported by Greenstone et al. in 1984, numerous papers on the correlation between ciliary function and hydrocephalus have been published. METHODS We reviewed the published literature on primary ciliary dyskinesia in humans causing hydrocephalus, focusing on articles specifically examining the relation between ciliary function and hydrocephalus and its treatment. In addition, the authors' experience is briefly discussed. RESULTS Full texts of 16 articles reporting cases of human hydrocephalus (including ventriculomegaly) due to defects in ependymal ciliary function or primary ciliary dyskinesia observed in clinical practice were extracted. In recent years, studies on animal models, especially employing knockout mice, have revealed genetic mutations that cause hydrocephalus via ciliary dysfunction. However, a few reports on the onset of hydrocephalus in human patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia have confirmed that the incidence of this condition was extremely low compared to that in animal models. CONCLUSION In humans, it is rare for hydrocephalus to develop solely because of abnormalities in the cilia, and it is highly likely that other factors are also involved along with ciliary dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Sakamoto
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Madoka Nakajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Kaito Kawamura
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Eri Nakamura
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Laboratory of Disease Model Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Tada
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Laboratory of Disease Model Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Kondo
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Hajime Arai
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Masakazu Miyajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre, Shinsuna Koto-ku, Tokyo, 136-0075 Japan
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14
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Guo Z, Chen W, Wang L, Qian L. Clinical and Genetic Spectrum of Children with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in China. J Pediatr 2020; 225:157-165.e5. [PMID: 32502479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report detailed knowledge about the clinical manifestations, ciliary phenotypes, genetic spectrum as well as phenotype/genotype correlation in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) in Chinese children. STUDY DESIGN We recruited 50 Chinese children with PCD. Extensive clinical assessments, nasal nitric oxide, high-speed video analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and genetic testing were performed to characterize the phenotypes and genotypes of these patients. RESULTS Common clinical features included chronic wet cough (85.4%), laterality defects (70.0%), and neonatal respiratory distress (55.8%). A high prevalence of congenital abnormalities (30.2%, 13/43), observed in patients who underwent comprehensive examination for comorbidities, included thoracic deformity (11.6%, 5/43), congenital heart disease (9.3%, 4/43), and sensorineural deafness (2.3%, 1/43). For 24 children age >6 years, the mean predicted values of forced expiratory volume in 1 second were 87.2%. Bronchiectasis evident on high-resolution computed tomography was reported in 38.1% of patients (16/42). Biallelic mutations (81 total; 57 novel) were identified in 13 genes: DNAAF3, DNAAF1, DNAH5, DNAH11, CCDC39, CCDC40, CCDC114, CCDC103, HYDIN, CCNO, DNAI1, OFD1, and SPAG1. Overall, ciliary ultrastructural and beat pattern correlated well with the genotype. However, variable phenotypes were also observed in CCDC39 and DNAH5 mutant cilia. CONCLUSIONS This large PCD cohort in China broadens the clinical, ciliary phenotypes, and genetic characteristics of children with PCD. Our findings are roughly consistent with previous studies besides some peculiarities such as high prevalence of associated abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyao Guo
- Respirology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Weicheng Chen
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Respirology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Liling Qian
- Respirology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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15
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Peng D, Dai Y, Xu X. Identification of a novel X-linked arginine-vasopressin receptor 2 mutation in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: Case report and pedigree analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17359. [PMID: 31577731 PMCID: PMC6783171 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinical and genetic characteristics of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) were described via assessing 2 cases of NDI patients from a Chinese family. PATIENT CONCERNS Two patients who manifest polyuria and polydipsia were admitted to hospital for definite diagnosis. DIAGNOSIS Water deprivation-vasopressin tests showed that the patients may possess renal-origin diabetes insipidus. All the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulation hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, and growth hormone in both patients were normal. These results were certified that both patients possess a nephropathy-type diabetes insipidus. B-mode ultrasonography and urinalysis test demonstrated that the patient's diabetes insipidus is unlikely to originate from renal organic disease. Remarkably, by nucleotide sequencing, we found a novel mutation c.414_418del in arginine-vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR2) was related to the disease of NDI. INTERVENTIONS Two patients were treated with oral hydrochlorothiazide and indomethacin. In addition, low salt diet and potassium supplementation throughout the patients' treatment. OUTCOMES The clinical symptoms of 2 patients were significantly reduced after targeted therapy. CONCLUSION A mutation in AVPR2 was discovered to be associated with NID. It provides a new target for molecular diagnosis of NDI, enabling families to undergo genetic counseling and obtain prenatal diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danxia Peng
- Hunan Provincial People's Paediatric Medicine Center
| | - Ying Dai
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Hunan Provincial People's Paediatric Medicine Center
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16
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Clinical and Genetic Analysis of Children with Kartagener Syndrome. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080900. [PMID: 31443223 PMCID: PMC6721662 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia causing ineffective mucus clearance and organ laterality defects. In this study, two unrelated Portuguese children with strong PCD suspicion underwent extensive clinical and genetic assessments by whole-exome sequencing (WES), as well as ultrastructural analysis of cilia by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to identify their genetic etiology. These analyses confirmed the diagnostic of Kartagener syndrome (KS) (PCD with situs inversus). Patient-1 showed a predominance of the absence of the inner dynein arms with two disease-causing variants in the CCDC40 gene. Patient-2 showed the absence of both dynein arms and WES disclosed two novel high impact variants in the DNAH5 gene and two missense variants in the DNAH7 gene, all possibly deleterious. Moreover, in Patient-2, functional data revealed a reduction of gene expression and protein mislocalization in both genes' products. Our work calls the researcher's attention to the complexity of the PCD and to the possibility of gene interactions modelling the PCD phenotype. Further, it is demonstrated that even for well-known PCD genes, novel pathogenic variants could have importance for a PCD/KS diagnosis, reinforcing the difficulty of providing genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis to families.
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