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Manian W, Li X, Zeng Z, Wang X. Characteristics of Gambling Helpline Callers in Macao: A Regional Comparison. J Gambl Stud 2024; 40:1607-1622. [PMID: 38592618 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-024-10300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite the continued focus on profiling gambling helpline callers, little is known about the characteristics of callers in Macao. To address this gap, this study aims to investigate the characteristics of problem gamblers calling the helpline in Macao and explore the regional differences between callers from Macao, mainland China, and Hong Kong. Specifically, the study examined their demographics, helpline usage, and gambling-related characteristics. The study used data collected by SKHSSCO between 2015 and 2021. The results showed that, at the aggregate level, the helpline callers in Macao were male, young, and full-time employees. The majority used the telephone and reported problems with casino table games. In addition, the referral rate was relatively low, while the rate of suicidal ideation was comparatively high. The results also revealed that callers from Macao, mainland China, and Hong Kong were notably distinct in these characteristics. The findings shed light on how to increase helpline accessibility and create tailored interventions and prevention efforts to better support individuals affected by problem gambling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongkun Manian
- Centre for Gaming and Tourism Studies, Macao Polytechnic University, Avenida Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- School of Tourism Management, Macao University of Tourism, Colina de Mong-Há, Macao, China
| | - Zhonglu Zeng
- Centre for Gaming and Tourism Studies, Macao Polytechnic University, Avenida Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Sciola A, Marchica L, Richard J, Kruse J, Derevensky J. Exploring the Precipitating Events and Gambling-Related Activities that Prompt Problem Gamblers and Spouses/Cohabitants to Contact a Gambling Helpline. J Gambl Stud 2024; 40:349-366. [PMID: 37074619 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-023-10207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Gambling helplines have progressed to offer support and brief interventions for both the problem gambler (PG) and their spouse/cohabitant (S/C). S/Cs play an important role in assisting their partner with their recovery from a gambling disorder. However, few studies have investigated the concerns of both PGs and S/Cs who contact gambling helplines. The purpose of this study is to examine the reasons, gambling activities, and gambling locations/venues endorsed by PGs and S/Cs who contacted a state-wide gambling helpline. 938 individuals (809 PGs; 129 S/Cs) from the state of Florida contacted the Florida Council on Compulsive Gambling helpline to discuss gambling-related concerns. Helpline contacts (calls, texts, e-mails, and live chat interactions) between the period of July 1st, 2019, to June 30th, 2020, were examined. Callers/contacts provided information related to their demographic characteristics, the precipitating event leading to contact, the PG's primary gambling activity, and venue most often used by the PG. Chi-square tests were utilized to examine relationships and gender differences between PGs and S/Cs. Significant differences were found between the precipitating events for contacting the helpline and primary gambling locations/venues identified by PGs and S/Cs. Furthermore, gender differences were observed in the primary gambling activities and gambling locations/venues endorsed by the PG and S/C. The results suggest that PGs and S/Cs held different reasons when contacting the helpline. Future research should delve deeper into these disparities in order to build intervention programs tailored to the needs of both PGs and their S/Cs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Sciola
- International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High‑Risk Behaviors, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada.
| | - Loredana Marchica
- International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High‑Risk Behaviors, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada
- Department of Psychology, The Montreal Children's Hospital, 1001 Boulevard Decarie, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jérémie Richard
- International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High‑Risk Behaviors, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada
| | - Jennifer Kruse
- The Florida Council on Compulsive Gambling, 121 E 1st St, Sanford, FL, 32771, USA
| | - Jeffrey Derevensky
- International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High‑Risk Behaviors, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada
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3
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Wall H, Kristiansen S, Molander O, Forsström D, Marionneau V. Gambling helpline contacts during COVID-19-related availability restrictions: an interrupted time series analysis. Public Health 2023; 224:14-19. [PMID: 37696197 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gambling causes significant public health harms that are addressed in the help service network. Helplines are the most widely used service among those experiencing harms. The COVID-19 pandemic changed the global gambling landscape. This study assesses the effect of COVID-19-related restrictions on help-seeking for gambling via helplines. STUDY DESIGN We analysed data of national helplines in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark before and during the pandemic. The countries differed in their restrictions on the availability and accessibility of gambling during the pandemic. METHODS We performed an interrupted time series analysis of contact and web traffic data to helplines in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2017-2021). We also compared forecasted time series to the actual data to assess change. RESULTS The results show diverging patterns across the three countries. In Sweden, the number of helpline contacts remained stable throughout COVID-19, but there was an increasing trend in website visits. In Finland, the number of contacts declined during the first wave but rebounded during the second wave. Website visitation increased moderately. In Denmark, the number of contacts to the helpline soared over the COVID-19 period. CONCLUSIONS The diverging results suggest that help-seeking behaviour is likely to be impacted by differing policy approaches to gambling availability and limit-setting, visibility of helplines, and the prevalence of different forms of gambling in the three Nordic countries before and during the pandemic. This has implications for a preventive public health approach for gambling.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wall
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, Stockholm 11364, Sweden.
| | - S Kristiansen
- Aalborg University, Department of Sociology and Social Work, Denmark
| | - O Molander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, Stockholm 11364, Sweden
| | - D Forsström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, Stockholm 11364, Sweden
| | - V Marionneau
- University of Helsinki, Centre for Research on Addiction, Control, and Governance, Finland
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Abstract
Gambling disorder is a common and problematic behavioral disorder associated with depression, substance abuse, domestic violence, bankruptcy, and high suicide rates. In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), pathological gambling was renamed "gambling disorder" and moved to the Substance-Related and Addiction Disorders chapter to acknowledge that research suggests that pathological gambling and alcohol and drug addiction are related. Therefore, this paper provides a systematic review of risk factors for gambling disorder. Systematic searches of EBSCO, PubMed, and Web of Science identified 33 records that met study inclusion criteria. A revised study acknowledges as risk factors for developing/maintaining a gambling disorder being a single young male, or married for less than 5 years, living alone, having a poor education, and struggling financially.
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5
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Wall H, Magnusson K, Hellner C, Andersson G, Jayaram-Lindström N, Rosendahl I. The evaluation of a brief ICBT program with therapist support for individuals with gambling problems in the context of a gambling helpline: a randomized pilot trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:26. [PMID: 36805024 PMCID: PMC9936663 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gambling helplines are a natural way of first contact for individuals with gambling problems. However, few studies have evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of brief interventions in a gambling helpline. To reduce this knowledge gap, this study evaluated the feasibility of an online cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) program in the context of a gambling helpline as a first step towards a full-scale RCT. DESIGN This is a two-group parallel randomized controlled pilot trial where the participants were randomized to either a brief four-module ICBT program (n = 22) or a control group (n = 21). Participants were followed up weekly during the intervention, post intervention, and 6 weeks upon completion of intervention. PARTICIPANTS A total of 43 self-identified individuals with gambling problems (scoring 3 or more on the Problem Gambling Severity Index) were recruited via the Swedish national gambling helpline, 59% females, mean age 43.7 years. MEASUREMENTS Feasibility of the procedure and intervention (i.e., recruitment pace, attrition, program engagement, and satisfaction) were the primary outcomes; treatment effect (net gambling losses) was the secondary outcome. RESULTS Approximately 2 participants per week were randomized, and retention was low, with 47% lost to follow-up at the 6-week follow-up time-point. Most participants engaged in the online modules (86%) and rated their overall satisfaction with the program as high (7.5 out of 10). Both groups decreased their weekly gambling losses at both follow-up time-points, but the between-group comparisons were inconclusive. CONCLUSION It is not advisable to conduct a full-scale RCT based on the results from this pilot study. Future studies in a gambling helpline should consider interventions that are more suited to be incorporated in a gambling helpline and identify ways to increase participant engagement. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04609007 , 29/10/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Håkan Wall
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden. .,Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, 11364, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kristoffer Magnusson
- grid.465198.7Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden ,grid.425979.40000 0001 2326 2191Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clara Hellner
- grid.465198.7Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden ,grid.425979.40000 0001 2326 2191Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- grid.465198.7Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden ,grid.425979.40000 0001 2326 2191Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.5640.70000 0001 2162 9922Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nitya Jayaram-Lindström
- grid.465198.7Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden ,grid.425979.40000 0001 2326 2191Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingvar Rosendahl
- grid.465198.7Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden ,grid.425979.40000 0001 2326 2191Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Norra Stationsgatan 69, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Gartner C, Bickl A, Härtl S, Loy JK, Häffner L. Differences in problem and pathological gambling: A narrative review considering sex and gender. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:267-289. [PMID: 35499928 PMCID: PMC9295224 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim A wide range of studies indicates that men and women with Problem (PrG) and Pathological Gambling (PG) differ in several clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. However, evidence for sex differences, such as the telescoping effect, is contradictory, and it is still unclear whether sex differences observed in offline gambling can also be found for online gambling. Furthermore, reviews have so far focused on binary sex differences but neglect gender aspects. In this study, an updated literature survey of sex- and gender-related differences in PrG and PG was conducted. Methods We searched PsyInfo, Medline/Pubmed, and the Web of Science databases from 2005 to 2020 for studies investigating sex and gender differences in gambling. A total of 126 papers were included in the literature survey. Results We are presenting our findings according to the categories 'prevalence' (offline, online, LGBTQI*), 'sociodemographic factors', 'preferred gambling type', 'gambling motives', 'severity', 'progression of gambling problems', 'use of professional help/motivation for treatment', 'comorbidity', 'trauma', 'violence and criminality/delinquency'. The studies indicate that, despite some robust sex differences (e.g., concerning prevalence rates), results for most areas were mixed or suggest no sex differences (e.g., violence, gambling motives). Discussion and conclusion To date, there is a lack of studies assessing gender, and not only sex, warranting further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Gartner
- BAS Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen (Unternehmergesellschaft haftungsbeschränkt), LSG Landesstelle Glücksspielsucht in Bayern, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Sabine Härtl
- BAS Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen (Unternehmergesellschaft haftungsbeschränkt), LSG Landesstelle Glücksspielsucht in Bayern, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Laura Häffner
- BAS Bayerische Akademie für Sucht- und Gesundheitsfragen (Unternehmergesellschaft haftungsbeschränkt), LSG Landesstelle Glücksspielsucht in Bayern, Munich, Germany
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7
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Age and Gender Considerations with Respect to Gambling-Disorder Severity and Impulsivity and Self-control. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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8
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Miller L, Mide M, Arvidson E, Söderpalm Gordh A. Clinical differences between men and women in a Swedish treatment-seeking population with gambling disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1054236. [PMID: 36684005 PMCID: PMC9847389 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1054236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to explore clinical differences in Swedish treatment-seeking men and women with gambling disorder (GD). As the prevalence of GD is increasing among women, even though men are still highly overrepresented, the characteristic differences between men and women seeking treatment become increasingly important. METHOD A sample of 204 patients with GD (26.5% women and 73.5% men) at an outpatient clinic were diagnosed using the SCI-GD, screened for comorbid diagnoses using the MINI, and further completed a range of self-report questionnaires measuring demographics, GD, alcohol and other drug problems, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and pathways into gambling problems. RESULTS Several characteristics differed between treatment-seeking men and women in our sample. Examples of differences between genders included age, onset age, living situation, duration, alcohol and drug problems, comorbidity, and pathways leading to gambling problems. DISCUSSION The most evident difference was that women, in addition to GD, showed more symptoms of anxiety and depression than men, while men had a higher degree of substance use problems compared to women. The differences in clinical features between men and women are important to consider in treatment planning and possibly for future gender-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Miller
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Mide
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Addiction and Dependency, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elin Arvidson
- Department of Addiction and Dependency, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Söderpalm Gordh
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Addiction and Dependency, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Håkansson A, Widinghoff C. Gender Differences in Problem Gamblers in an Online Gambling Setting. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2020; 13:681-691. [PMID: 32884371 PMCID: PMC7443450 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s248540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Problem gambling traditionally is markedly more common in men than in women. However, recent data in online gamblers have indicated at least a comparable risk of problem gambling in women in this sub-group. The present study aimed to compare the characteristics of male and female moderate-risk and problem gamblers in online gamblers in Sweden. Methods In a web survey addressing online gamblers (past-year online gambling on 10 or more occasions), women and men with moderate-risk or problem gambling (n=327) were compared with respect to gambling severity, financial consequences, comorbidity, socio-demographic characteristics, and fulfilled screening items. Results Female gender was associated with psychological distress, over-indebtedness, higher problem gambling severity and with screening items indicating financial consequences and guilt, with no gender difference for the self-reported need to seek treatment for substance use problems. In the sub-group of problem gamblers, female gender remained associated with psychological distress. Conclusion In a setting displaying high rates of online gambling and novel findings of a higher risk of problem gambling in women than previously seen, psychological distress appears to separate female and male problem gamblers. Given the higher level of severity and financial consequence, these findings call for screening and early intervention in female at-risk gamblers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Håkansson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden.,Malmö Addiction Center, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Carolina Widinghoff
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden.,Malmö Addiction Center, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
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10
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Darbeda S, Aubin HJ, Lejoyeux M, Luquiens A. Characteristics of Gamblers Who Use the French National Problem Gambling Helpline and Real-Time Chat Facility: Longitudinal Observational Study. JMIR Form Res 2020; 4:e13388. [PMID: 32432554 PMCID: PMC7270843 DOI: 10.2196/13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Problem gambling is a growing public health issue that is characterized by low rates of face-to-face help seeking. Helplines and real-time chat services could reduce shortfalls in treatment. Objective This study aimed to (1) describe the characteristics of gamblers contacting a government-funded help service, (2) study the evolution of their characteristics over time, (3) evaluate the differences between subgroups (ie, gender, media used for gambling, and media used to contact the service), and (4) explore factors influencing referral to care. Methods From January 2011 to December 2015, a government-funded gambling helpline and real-time chat website in France received 9474 contacts from gamblers. Counselors filled in a form for each contact, collecting demographics, gambling characteristics, and referrals. Time-series analyses were performed. Univariate logistic models were used to assess differences across subgroups. A multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the variables related to an actual referral. Results Gamblers were predominantly men (7017/9474, 74.07%); the average age was 41 years (SD 14). Compared with the men, the women were older (mean 50.7 years, SD 14.0 vs mean 37.9 years, SD 13.0, respectively; P<.001), were more often solely offline gamblers (1922/2457, 78.23% vs 4386/7017, 62.51%, respectively; P<.001), and had different gambling patterns. Compared with helpline contacts, real-time chat contacts were more often men (124/150, 82.7% vs 3643/4881, 74.64%, respectively; P=.04), younger (mean 32.8 years, SD 12.9 vs mean 41.3 years, SD 14.3, respectively; P<.001), more often poker gamblers (41/150, 27.3% vs 592/4881, 12.13%, respectively; P<.001), and more often web-based gamblers (83/150, 55.3% vs 1462/4881, 29.95%, respectively; P<.001). Referral was positively associated with betting (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.46, 95% CI 1.27-1.67; P<.001), casino gambling (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.21-1.57; P<.001), scratch cards (aOR 1.83, 95% CI 1.58-2.12; P<.001), poker gambling (aOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14-1.61; P<.001), lottery (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03-1.56; P=.03), weekly gambling (aOR 1.73, 95% CI 1.40-2.15; P<.001), request for referral (aOR 17.76, 95% CI 14.92-21.13; P<.001), and a history of suicide attempts (aOR 2.13, 95% CI 1.51-3.02; P<.001), and it was negatively associated with web-based gambling (aOR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75-0.98; P=.030) and refusal to be referred (aOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.26-0.49; P<.001). Conclusions The governmental helpline and chat contacts included a broad range of sociodemographic profiles. Compared with the helpline, real-time chat exchanges reached a younger population of web-based gamblers, which was the target population. The development of the gambling helpline and help online website is a considerable challenge for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Darbeda
- Addiction Science, Paris Sud University, CESP Inserm UMR-1018, Villejuif, France.,ED3C, University Pierre And Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine, Assitance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Henri-Jean Aubin
- Department of Addiction Science, Paris Sud University, CESP-Inserm UMR-1018, Villejuif, France.,Department of Addiction Medicine, University Hospitals Paris Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Villejuif, France
| | - Michel Lejoyeux
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine, Assitance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France.,Department of Addiction Science, Paris Sud University, CESP-Inserm UMR-1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Amandine Luquiens
- Department of Addiction Science, Paris Sud University, CESP-Inserm UMR-1018, Villejuif, France.,Department of Addiction Medicine, University Hospitals Paris Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Villejuif, France.,Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
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11
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Cunningham JA, Hodgins DC, Keough M, Hendershot CS, Schell C, Godinho A. Online interventions for problem gamblers with and without co-occurring unhealthy alcohol use: Randomized controlled trial. Internet Interv 2020; 19:100307. [PMID: 32042600 PMCID: PMC7000801 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2020.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Problem gambling and unhealthy alcohol use often co-occur. The current trial sought to establish whether adding a brief online intervention for unhealthy alcohol use to an online problem gambling intervention would lead to improvements in gambling and drinking among those with both of these concerns. METHODS Participants were recruited from across Canada using an advertisement targeting those concerned about their gambling who were interested in online help. No mention of unhealthy alcohol use was made in the advertisement. Participants meeting criteria for problem gambling were randomized to either receive just an online intervention for gambling (G-only) or to receive an online gambling intervention plus a brief personalized feedback intervention for unhealthy alcohol use (G + A). Participants were followed up at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS A total of 282 participants were recruited for the trial. Follow-up rates were good (80% and 84% at 3 and 6 months). There were significant reductions in gambling (p < .001) across time but no significant differences (p > .05) between those who received either the G-only or G + A interventions. Further, for those with unhealthy alcohol use (41% of the sample), there were no significant reductions in alcohol consumption (p > .05) across time or differences between condition. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The addition of a brief intervention for unhealthy alcohol use to an online intervention for gambling did not appear to improve either gambling or drinking outcomes among people concerned about their gambling. Further research is merited to examine whether a combined intervention (with gambling and drinking components integrated) might result in improved outcomes and whether such an intervention might benefit the subgroup of participants who would specifically seek help for both gambling and alcohol concerns.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.govNCT03323606; Registration date: October 24, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A. Cunningham
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | | | - Christian S. Hendershot
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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12
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Gavriel-Fried B, Moretta T, Potenza MN. Similar roles for recovery capital but not stress in women and men recovering from gambling disorder. J Behav Addict 2019; 8:770-779. [PMID: 31891315 PMCID: PMC7044578 DOI: 10.1556/2006.8.2019.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding gender-related differences is important in recovery processes. Previous studies have investigated gender-related differences in factors associated with gambling disorder (GD), but none to date have considered both positive and negative resources related to recovery. Using a recovery capital (RC) framework that considers multiple resources available during recovery, this study examined gender-related similarities and differences in associations between positive resources (RC, spirituality) and negative experiences and states (stressful life events, depression, and anxiety) and GD symptom improvement. METHOD One hundred and forty individuals with lifetime GD (101 men) were assessed using DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for GD (past-year and lifetime prior to past-year), the Brief Assessment of RC, the Intrinsic Spirituality Scale, the Stressful Life-events Scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 for depression. Multiple linear regression and Bayesian statistical analyses were conducted. RESULTS RC was positively and significantly associated with GD symptom improvement in women and men. Stressful life events were negatively associated with GD symptom improvement only in men. CONCLUSIONS RC is an important positive resource for men and women recovering from GD and should be considered in treating both women and men. Understanding specific RC factors across gender groups and stressors, particularly in men, may aid in developing improved interventions for GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belle Gavriel-Fried
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Corresponding author: Belle Gavriel-Fried; The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Phone: +971 3 640 9151; Fax: +972 3 640 9563; E-mail:
| | - Tania Moretta
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova Italy
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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13
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Jauregui P, Estevez A. Predictive Role of Attachment, Coping, and Emotion Regulation in Gambling Motives of Adolescents and Young People. J Gambl Stud 2019; 36:1283-1300. [DOI: 10.1007/s10899-019-09893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Gambling disorder is characterized by a persistent, recurrent pattern of gambling that is associated with substantial distress or impairment. The prevalence of gambling disorder has been estimated at 0.5% of the adult population in the United States, with comparable or slightly higher estimates in other countries. The aetiology of gambling disorder is complex, with implicated genetic and environmental factors. Neurobiological studies have implicated cortico-striato-limbic structures and circuits in the pathophysiology of this disorder. Individuals with gambling disorder often go unrecognized and untreated, including within clinical settings. Gambling disorder frequently co-occurs with other conditions, particularly other psychiatric disorders. Behavioural interventions, particularly cognitive-behavioural therapy but also motivational interviewing and Gamblers Anonymous, are supported in the treatment of gambling disorder. No pharmacological therapy has a formal indication for the treatment of gambling disorder, although placebo-controlled trials suggest that some medications, such as opioid-receptor antagonists, may be helpful. Given the associations with poor quality of life and suicide, improved identification, prevention, policy and treatment efforts are needed to help people with gambling disorder.
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15
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Bonfils NA, Aubin HJ, Benyamina A, Limosin F, Luquiens A. Quality of life instruments used in problem gambling studies: A systematic review and a meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 104:58-72. [PMID: 31271803 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the instruments used in original articles to measure quality of life (QOL) or health-related QOL (HRQOL) in gambling-disorder patients and to assess their suitability. The systematic literature search to identify QOL/HRQOL instruments used among gambling-disorder patients was performed in PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO databases up to November 2018. A meta-analysis was performed to study the effect size of the QOL/HRQOL instruments and gambling outcomes after an intervention. Thirty-five studies were included. Seven types of instruments aiming at measuring QOL/HRQOL were identified. These instruments explored twenty-six domains. The instruments used were not properly validated in the studies. Most of the clinical trials reported a significant difference in QOL/HRQOL between pre- and post-intervention. These results were concordant with gambling outcomes but had a smaller effect size than gambling outcomes. The currently used general instruments are efficient to measure a significant change after an intervention but might not evaluate specific areas of health related QOL impacted by gambling disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas A Bonfils
- CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; Inserm, U894, Centre Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France.
| | - Henri-Jean Aubin
- CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Université Paris XI, Paris, France
| | - Amine Benyamina
- CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Université Paris XI, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; Inserm, U894, Centre Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Luquiens
- CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Université Paris XI, Paris, France
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16
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McCarthy S, Thomas SL, Bellringer ME, Cassidy R. Women and gambling-related harm: a narrative literature review and implications for research, policy, and practice. Harm Reduct J 2019; 16:18. [PMID: 30832672 PMCID: PMC6399932 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-019-0284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While the prevalence of women’s participation in gambling is steadily increasing, there is a well-recognised male bias in gambling research and policy. Few papers have sought to synthesise the literature relating to women and gambling-related harm and provide practical suggestions to guide future research, policy, and practice which take into account the specific nuances associated with women’s gambling. Methods A narrative literature review was conducted to review the evidence base on women’s gambling behaviours and experiences of harm. Drawing from strategies used effectively in other areas of public health, key elements for a gendered approach to harm prevention were identified and adapted into practical public health research, policy and practice strategies. Results Results indicated a lack of research that explores women’s gambling. Few studies have examined the impact of gambling on the lives of women, with limited understanding of the factors that influence women’s engagement with gambling products, and the impact of industry tactics. A gendered approach was identified as a strategy used successfully in other areas of public health to shift the focus onto women and to ensure they are considered in research. In tobacco control, increasing trends in women’s smoking behaviour were combatted with targeted research, policy and practical initiatives. These key elements were adapted to create a conceptual framework for reducing and preventing gambling harm in women. The framework provides regulatory direction and a research agenda to minimise gambling-related harm for women both in Australia and internationally. Evidence-based policies should be implemented to focus on the influence of gender and associated factors to address gambling-related harm. Practical interventions must take into account how women conceptualise and respond to gambling risk in order to develop specific harm prevention programs which respond to their needs. Conclusion A gendered approach to gambling harm prevention shifts the focus onto the unique factors associated with women’s gambling and specific ways to prevent harm. As seen in other areas of public health, such a framework enables harm measures, policies, and interventions to be developed that are salient to girls and women’s lives, experiences and circumstances. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12954-019-0284-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone McCarthy
- Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Samantha L Thomas
- Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Maria E Bellringer
- Gambling and Addictions Research Centre, School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca Cassidy
- Department of Anthropology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
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17
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Brand E, Rodriguez-Monguio R, Volber R. Gender differences in mental health and substance use disorders and related healthcare services utilization. Am J Addict 2018; 28:9-15. [PMID: 30536669 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Pathological gambling often co-occurs with other psychiatric disorders. Gender differences in treatment-seeking behaviors among patients with pathological gambling diagnosis remain poorly understood. This study assessed gender differences in healthcare services utilization in patients seeking treatment for pathological gambling, substance use, and mental health co-occurring conditions. METHODS Study data were derived from a representative sample of the Massachusetts All Payers Claims Database for the period 2009-2013. Descriptive analyses were performed by gender using group t-tests and Pearson's chi-square tests. Bootstrap analysis was used to account for skewed distribution of healthcare services utilization data. Multiple linear regressions were used to evaluate the association between healthcare services utilization and gender while controlling for patient's age, county, and ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. RESULTS Over two-thirds of the patients were males. Moreover, two in five patients seeking treatment had pathological gambling as principal or primary diagnosis. Females had a significantly greater number of three or more co-occurring psychiatric conditions than males. Having a diagnosis of episodic mood disorder, neurotic disorder, or adjustment reaction significantly increased the utilization of healthcare services for both genders. Females had a greater utilization of healthcare services than males for the same psychiatric diagnosis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Healthcare services utilization significantly varies by gender and type of mental health and substance use diagnosis. There are significant differences by gender in the utilization of healthcare services for the same psychiatric disorders. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE There is a need to address gender differences in psychiatric conditions and their related healthcare needs. (Am J Addict 2019;28:9-15).
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Brand
- Mathematica Policy Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rosa Rodriguez-Monguio
- School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Medication Outcomes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rachel Volber
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
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18
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Fun, Money, and Feeling Down: Examining the Associations between Motivations and Problem Gambling among Men and Women in a Sample of Older Adults. Int J Ment Health Addict 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-9889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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19
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Baggio S, Gainsbury SM, Starcevic V, Richard JB, Beck F, Billieux J. Gender differences in gambling preferences and problem gambling: a network-level analysis. INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2018.1495750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Baggio
- Division of Prison Health, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Life Course and Social Inequality Research Centre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sally M. Gainsbury
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jean-Baptiste Richard
- ERES, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France
| | - François Beck
- ERES, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France
- Observatoire Français des Drogues et des Toxicomanies (OFDT), French Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Paris, France
| | - Joël Billieux
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab ACB-Lab, Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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20
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Castrén S, Heiskanen M, Salonen AH. Trends in gambling participation and gambling severity among Finnish men and women: cross-sectional population surveys in 2007, 2010 and 2015. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022129. [PMID: 30139904 PMCID: PMC6112397 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate trends in past-year gambling participation and gambling severity among Finnish men and women from 2007 to 2015. DESIGN Cross-sectional population surveys from years 2007, 2011 and 2015. SETTING Data were drawn from the population register and collected using computer-assisted telephone interviews. PARTICIPANTS Representative random samples of Finns aged 15-74 were drawn in the study in 2007 (n=5008), 2011 (n=4484) and 2015 (n=4515) with response rates of 58%, 40% and 62%, respectively. OUTCOME MEASURES The outcome measures were gambling versatility, type of games, gambling intensity and gambling severity. Significance (p) between time points was determined using χ2 tests. All temporal comparisons between 2007-2011, 2011-2015 and 2007-2015 were performed separately for all respondents aged 15-74 and for women and men. RESULTS Gambling participation overall showed a rising trend (6.6 percentage points, 95% CI 4.9 to 8.3) from 2007 to 2015. In 2007-2011 women's gambling participation increased more (7.8 percentage points, 95% CI 5.5 to 10.4) than men's (5.4 percentage points, 95% CI 3.2 to 7.6). The most popular game types since 2007 have been lottery games, scratch cards and electronic gaming machines (EGMs). EGM gambling, on the other hand, has decreased since 2007. Online gambling has increased significantly from 2007 to 2015 in both genders. Men's at-risk gambling decreased from 2007 to 2011, while women's at-risk gambling and problem gambling increased from 2011 to 2015. CONCLUSIONS Women's increasing gambling participation is causing gender differences in gambling behaviour to narrow. The article concludes with a discussion of the need for gender-specific interventions aimed at preventing gambling-related harm and ultimately at protecting the most vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Castrén
- The Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech Language Pathology, Faculty of Social Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Anne H Salonen
- The Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Nimbi F, Rossi R, Simonelli C. Telephone sexual counselling and current technologies: Are helplines still effective in the social media era? SEXOLOGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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22
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Nimbi F, Rossi R, Simonelli C. Conseils sexuels par téléphone et technologies actuelles : les lignes d’assistances téléphoniques sont-elles encore efficaces à l’ère des médias sociaux ? SEXOLOGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Khazaal Y, Chatton A, Achab S, Monney G, Thorens G, Dufour M, Zullino D, Rothen S. Internet Gamblers Differ on Social Variables: A Latent Class Analysis. J Gambl Stud 2018; 33:881-897. [PMID: 28028687 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-016-9664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Online gambling has gained popularity in the last decade, leading to an important shift in how consumers engage in gambling and in the factors related to problem gambling and prevention. Indebtedness and loneliness have previously been associated with problem gambling. The current study aimed to characterize online gamblers in relation to indebtedness, loneliness, and several in-game social behaviors. The data set was obtained from 584 Internet gamblers recruited online through gambling websites and forums. Of these gamblers, 372 participants completed all study assessments and were included in the analyses. Questionnaires included those on sociodemographics and social variables (indebtedness, loneliness, in-game social behaviors), as well as the Gambling Motives Questionnaire, Gambling Related Cognitions Scale, Internet Addiction Test, Problem Gambling Severity Index, Short Depression-Happiness Scale, and UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Social variables were explored with a latent class model. The clusters obtained were compared for psychological measures and three clusters were found: lonely indebted gamblers (cluster 1: 6.5%), not lonely not indebted gamblers (cluster 2: 75.4%), and not lonely indebted gamblers (cluster 3: 18%). Participants in clusters 1 and 3 (particularly in cluster 1) were at higher risk of problem gambling than were those in cluster 2. The three groups differed on most assessed variables, including the Problem Gambling Severity Index, the Short Depression-Happiness Scale, and the UPPS-P subscales (except the sensation seeking subscore). Results highlight significant between-group differences, suggesting that Internet gamblers are not a homogeneous group. Specific intervention strategies could be implemented for groups at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Khazaal
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Anne Chatton
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Gregoire Monney
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Thorens
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniele Zullino
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephane Rothen
- Geneva University Hospitals, Grand Pré 70C, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
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24
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Abbott M, Hodgins DC, Bellringer M, Vandal AC, Palmer Du Preez K, Landon J, Sullivan S, Rodda S, Feigin V. Brief telephone interventions for problem gambling: a randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2018; 113:883-895. [PMID: 29274179 DOI: 10.1111/add.14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Problem gambling is a significant public health issue world-wide. There is substantial investment in publicly funded intervention services, but limited evaluation of effectiveness. This study investigated three brief telephone interventions to determine whether they were more effective than standard helpline treatment in helping people to reduce gambling. DESIGN Randomized clinical trial. SETTING National gambling helpline in New Zealand. PARTICIPANTS A total of 462 adults with problem gambling. INTERVENTIONS AND COMPARATOR: (1) Single motivational interview (MI), (2) single motivational interview plus cognitive-behavioural self-help workbook (MI + W) and (3) single motivational interview plus workbook plus four booster follow-up telephone interviews (MI + W + B). Comparator was helpline standard care [treatment as usual (TAU)]. Blinded follow-up was at 3, 6 and 12 months. MEASUREMENTS Primary outcomes were days gambled, dollars lost per day and treatment goal success. FINDINGS There were no differences across treatment arms, although participants showed large reductions in gambling during the 12-month follow-up period [mean reduction of 5.5 days, confidence interval (CI) = 4.8, 6.2; NZ$38 lost ($32, $44; 80.6%), improved (77.2%, 84.0%)]. Subgroup analysis revealed improved days gambled and dollars lost for MI + W + B over MI or MI + W for a goal of reduction of gambling (versus quitting) and improvement in dollars lost by ethnicity, gambling severity and psychological distress (all P < 0.01). MI + W + B was associated with greater treatment goal success for higher gambling severity than TAU or MI at 12 months and also better for those with higher psychological distress and lower self-efficacy to MI (all P < 0.01). TAU and MI were found to be equivalent in terms of dollars lost. CONCLUSIONS In treatment of problem gambling in New Zealand, brief telephone interventions are associated with changes in days gambling and dollars lost similar to more intensive interventions, suggesting that more treatment is not necessarily better than less. Some client subgroups, in particular those with greater problem severity and greater distress, achieve better outcomes when they receive more intensive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Abbott
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Maria Bellringer
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alain C Vandal
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.,Health Intelligence and Informatics, Ko Awatea, Counties Manukau Health, Otahuhu, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Katie Palmer Du Preez
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jason Landon
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sean Sullivan
- Abacus Counselling, Training and Supervision Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simone Rodda
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.,School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Valery Feigin
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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25
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Hunt CJ, Gonsalkorale K. Conformity to masculine norms among treatment-seeking male problem gamblers. INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2018.1429482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher John Hunt
- Gambling Treatment and Research Clinic, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen Gonsalkorale
- Gambling Treatment and Research Clinic, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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26
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Yakovenko I, Hodgins DC. A scoping review of co-morbidity in individuals with disordered gambling. INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2017.1364400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Yakovenko
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - David C. Hodgins
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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27
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Zakiniaeiz Y, Cosgrove KP, Mazure CM, Potenza MN. Does Telescoping Exist in Male and Female Gamblers? Does It Matter? Front Psychol 2017; 8:1510. [PMID: 28928697 PMCID: PMC5591942 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Zakiniaeiz
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States
| | - Kelly P Cosgrove
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States
| | - Carolyn M Mazure
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States.,Women's Health Research at YaleNew Haven, CT, United States
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States.,Women's Health Research at YaleNew Haven, CT, United States.,Child Study Center, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States.,National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States.,Connecticut Mental Health CenterNew Haven, CT, United States
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28
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Kushnir V, Godinho A, Hodgins DC, Hendershot CS, Cunningham JA. Gender Differences in Self-Conscious Emotions and Motivation to Quit Gambling. J Gambl Stud 2017; 32:969-83. [PMID: 26458952 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-015-9574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Considerable gender differences have been previously noted in the prevalence, etiology, and clinical features of problem gambling. While differences in affective states between men and women in particular, may explain differential experiences in the process of gambling, the role of affect in motivations for quitting gambling and recovery has not been thoroughly explored. The aim of this study was to examine gender differences within a sample of problem gamblers motivated to quit with or without formal treatment, and further, to explore the interactions between gender, shame and guilt-proneness, and autonomous versus controlled reasons for change. Motivation for change and self-conscious emotional traits were analyzed for 207 adult problem gamblers with an interest in quitting or reducing their gambling (96.6 % not receiving treatment). Overall, gender differences were not observed in clinical and demographic characteristics. However, women exhibited greater shame [F(1,204) = 12.11, p = 0.001] and guilt proneness [F(1,204) = 14.16, p < 0.001] compared to men, whereas men scored higher on trait detachment [F(1,204) = 7.08, p = 0.008]. Controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics, general linear models revealed that autonomous motivation for change was associated with higher guilt-proneness, greater problem gambling severity, and the preparation stage of change; whereas controlled forms of motivation were significantly associated with higher shame-proneness and greater problem gambling severity. No gender effects were observed for either motivation for change. These findings suggest that the process of change can be different for shame-prone and guilt-prone problem gamblers, which may impact behavioral outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladyslav Kushnir
- Department of Social and Epidemiological Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell St., Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
| | - Alexandra Godinho
- Department of Social and Epidemiological Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell St., Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
| | - David C Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christian S Hendershot
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John A Cunningham
- Department of Social and Epidemiological Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell St., Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.,National Institute for Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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29
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An Update on Gender Differences in the Characteristics Associated with Problem Gambling: a Systematic Review. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-016-0106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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