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Nichini E, Asim S, Ansar A, Dong D. Beyond individual responsibility towards healthy food choices: A qualitative study among Pakistani women in Hong Kong. Appetite 2024; 197:107299. [PMID: 38493870 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
While biomedical understandings of food and diet coupled with discourses on individual responsibility towards healthy food choices are nowadays prominent, other social and cultural meanings attached to food and diet are largely devalued. The limits of such a reductionist approach are more evident when related to the experiences of migrant and ethnic populations, whose alternative knowledge(s) and practices about food and health are especially neglected. A multicultural city with a public healthcare system inherited from the British colonial times and largely shaped by biomedical ideas of health, Hong Kong offers a lens into the limits of such a reductionist approach. Due to their vulnerability in the context of Hong Kong as shaped by intersecting social identities, 72 women from Pakistan were recruited to be our community partners in a community-based participatory action research project to investigate their health needs and concerns. 12 focus group discussions were conducted, exploring their experiences of "healthy" food and overweight especially related to their encounters with the Hong Kong public healthcare system, as these issues emerged as key health concerns within the community. Four major themes emerged: unmet expectations of care, health is beyond the individual, constraints to a healthy diet in the context of migration, and beyond health: food as care for diasporic women. This study highlights the limit of a reductionist approach to healthy food as merely based on nutrition and individual responsibility. It stresses the need of a counter-discourse in the field of public health, emphasizing not only alternative cultural ideas of health and food, but also enlarging the field of health in biomedical terms to embrace "care" and acknowledging the structural constraints shaping migrant and ethnic population's vulnerability in making "healthy" food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Nichini
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Public Health Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
| | - Saba Asim
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Public Health Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
| | - Aneeta Ansar
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Public Health Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
| | - Dong Dong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Public Health Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
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Cheng LSK, Chau SKY, Chan WS, Chen JHK, Wong BKC, Fung KSC. An outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia complex exit site infection among peritoneal dialysis patients caused by contaminated spray dressing. Infect Prev Pract 2024; 6:100359. [PMID: 38559368 PMCID: PMC10981104 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Wound dressing is intended to provide a physical barrier from microorganisms. Spray dressing is convenient and can be applied to wounds of various contours. In July 2020, a cluster of four Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) exit site infections was identified among peritoneal dialysis patients in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. In response, our hospital infection control team conducted an epidemiologic investigation. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of peritoneal dialysis patients with culture-confirmed BCC exit site infections from January 2011 to July 2020. Outbreak investigations, including case finding, molecular typing and post-outbreak surveillance, were performed. Discussion A substantial increase in BCC exit site infections has been observed since 2013, rising from 0.23 in 2012 to 1.09 episodes per 100 patient-year in 2015, with the number of cases in the first half of 2020 already surpassing the total from 2019. The potential source had been traced to a spray dressing introduced to exit site care in December 2012. Burkholderia cepacia complex was isolated from both the unopened and in-use sprays from the same lot. Multilocus sequence typing analysis confirmed their genetic relatedness. The spray dressing was subsequently removed from exit site care. Post-outbreak surveillance over two years showed a marked and sustained decrease in BCC exit site infection. Conclusion Water-based spray dressing can be a source of BCC causing wound infections. The use of contaminated spray dressing, especially in chronic wounds with proximity to indwelling catheters, may pose an inherent risk to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Shui-Kuen Cheng
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Sandy Ka-Yee Chau
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wai-Shan Chan
- Infection Control Team, United Christian Hospital, Kowloon East Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Barry Kin-Chung Wong
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Kitty Sau-Chun Fung
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Lam EWF, Ip BPI. The prevalence of constipation in adult psychiatric out-patients on clozapine treatment at a regional public hospital in Hong Kong. Hum Psychopharmacol 2024:e2897. [PMID: 38605548 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the occurrence of constipation in local patients on clozapine treatment, and to compare the demographical and clinical characteristics of patients on clozapine treatment with or without constipation. METHODS This is a cross-sectional, observational study. All adult psychiatric out-patients on clozapine treatment attending follow-up at a regional hospital were recruited for clinical interview and medical record review. The Enhanced Asian Rome III Questionnaire (EAR3Q) was used to define patients with constipation. The Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) was used to assess stool form. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-Anchored (BPRS-A) was used to measure psychiatric symptoms. The Brief Medication Adherence Scale (BMAS) was used to assess treatment adherence. Logistic regression was conducted to identify independent associating factors of constipation in patients on clozapine treatment. RESULTS The prevalence of constipation in patients on clozapine treatment was 26.3%, (95% CI [21.5%, 31.6%]). Independent associating factors included disorder of psychological development (aOR = 6.98, 95% CI [1.24, 39.18]), anxiety (very mild: aOR = 9.23, 95% CI [2.59, 32.87]; mild: aOR = 2.66, 95% CI [1.26, 5.62]), prescription with combination of laxatives (aOR = 0.40, 95% CI [0.17, 0.95]), and concomitant use of amisulpride (aOR = 2.52, 95% CI [1.09, 5.82]), quetiapine (aOR = 5.92, 95% CI [1.11, 31.56]) and metamucil (aOR = 9.30, 95% CI [1.53, 56.58]). CONCLUSION This study examined the prevalence of clozapine-associated constipation in Hong Kong using a validated questionnaire. The identification of independent factors associated with constipation could facilitate better risk stratification and risk modification in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wai-Fung Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian Pak-In Ip
- Department of Psychiatry, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Manian W, Li X, Zeng Z, Wang X. Characteristics of Gambling Helpline Callers in Macao: A Regional Comparison. J Gambl Stud 2024:10.1007/s10899-024-10300-y. [PMID: 38592618 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-024-10300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite the continued focus on profiling gambling helpline callers, little is known about the characteristics of callers in Macao. To address this gap, this study aims to investigate the characteristics of problem gamblers calling the helpline in Macao and explore the regional differences between callers from Macao, mainland China, and Hong Kong. Specifically, the study examined their demographics, helpline usage, and gambling-related characteristics. The study used data collected by SKHSSCO between 2015 and 2021. The results showed that, at the aggregate level, the helpline callers in Macao were male, young, and full-time employees. The majority used the telephone and reported problems with casino table games. In addition, the referral rate was relatively low, while the rate of suicidal ideation was comparatively high. The results also revealed that callers from Macao, mainland China, and Hong Kong were notably distinct in these characteristics. The findings shed light on how to increase helpline accessibility and create tailored interventions and prevention efforts to better support individuals affected by problem gambling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongkun Manian
- Centre for Gaming and Tourism Studies, Macao Polytechnic University, Avenida Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- School of Tourism Management, Macao University of Tourism, Colina de Mong-Há, Macao, China
| | - Zhonglu Zeng
- Centre for Gaming and Tourism Studies, Macao Polytechnic University, Avenida Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, China
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Cheng KY, Yu ELM, Yamamoto T, Kwong JCL, Ho YK, Ngan HK, Lin WH, Lau JMT, Cheung CH, Lee GPC, Siu LH, Sheng B, Wong WWY, Man WY, Cheung CCC, Tse CT. Impact of a novel pre-hospital stroke notification programme on acute stroke care key performance indicators in Hong Kong: a multicentre prospective cohort study with historical controls. Hong Kong Med J 2024; 30:94-101. [PMID: 38577838 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj2210413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early identification and initiation of reperfusion therapy is essential for suspected acute ischaemic stroke. A pre-hospital stroke notification (PSN) protocol using FASE (facial drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulties, and eye palsy) was implemented to improve key performance indicators (KPIs) in acute stroke care delivery. We assessed KPIs and clinical outcomes before and after PSN implementation in Hong Kong. METHODS This prospective cohort study with historical controls was conducted in the Accident and Emergency Departments of four public hospitals in Hong Kong. Patients were screened using the PSN protocol between August 2021 and February 2022. Suspected stroke patients between August 2020 and February 2021 were included as historical controls. Door-to-needle (DTN) and door-to-computed tomography (DTC) times before and after PSN implementation were compared. Clinical outcomes including National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 hours and modified Rankin Scale score at 3 months after intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA) were also assessed. RESULTS Among the 715 patients (266 PSN and 449 non-PSN) included, 50.8% of PSN patients and 37.7% of non-PSN patients had a DTC time within 25 minutes (P<0.001). For the 58 PSN and 134 non-PSN patients given IV-rtPA, median DTN times were 67 and 75.5 minutes, respectively (P=0.007). The percentage of patients with a DTN time within 60 minutes was higher in the PSN group than in the non-PSN group (37.9% vs 21.6%; P=0.019). No statistically significant differences in clinical outcomes were observed. CONCLUSION Although the PSN protocol shortened DTC and DTN times, clinical outcomes did not significantly differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Cheng
- Department of Accident and Emergency, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E L M Yu
- Clinical Research Centre, Kowloon West Cluster, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T Yamamoto
- Department of Accident and Emergency, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J C L Kwong
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y K Ho
- Department of Accident and Emergency, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H K Ngan
- Department of Accident and Emergency, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W H Lin
- Department of Accident and Emergency, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J M T Lau
- Department of Accident and Emergency, North Lantau Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C H Cheung
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - G P C Lee
- Department of Accident and Emergency, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L H Siu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - B Sheng
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W W Y Wong
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W Y Man
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C C C Cheung
- Department of Accident and Emergency, North Lantau Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C T Tse
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Huang YT, Chong ESK, Lau CC, Chow LZ. Mentorship for young gay men in Hong Kong: A pilot mixed-methods randomized controlled trial. Am J Community Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38494677 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study examined whether mentorship could promote young gay men's identities and well-being, and whether a mentor's sexual orientation matters. A randomized control trial compared outcomes across three conditions: Arm A (a mentee matched with a sexual minority mentor), Arm B (a mentee matched with a heterosexual mentor), and a control arm receiving psychoeducation only. A community sample of 60 mentees aged 18-25 years was randomly allocated to the three arms and completed questionnaires at baseline, 3 months into the intervention, and at the end of the 6-month program. Fifteen mentees recounted their mentoring experiences through in-depth interviews. Linear mixed effects models showed that for both intervention and control conditions, internalized homonegativity declined while resilience, loneliness, and body acceptance improved over time. No time and group interactions were found. Meanwhile, a mentor's sexual orientation did not drive differential quality and outcomes of mentorship. Interviewees cited various benefits of mentorship, including providing companionship, enriching connection with lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) communities, and adding knowledge and perspectives of LGB lives and identities. Although quantitative data did not support any exclusive benefits of mentorship, most mentees recognized mentorship as a vital source of affirmation and companionship. Implications for research and mentoring programs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Te Huang
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Center of Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Eddie S K Chong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Chung Lau
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Center of Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Leo Z Chow
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
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Chan W, Cheang C. Seizing pandemic lessons: a call to reinvent public health and healthcare policy planning in post-COVID-19 Hong Kong. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1378148. [PMID: 38560440 PMCID: PMC10978786 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1378148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chonin Cheang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macao SAR, China
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Sun Y, Ng MK, Chao TYS, He S, Mok SH. The impact of place attachment on well-being for older people in high-density urban environment: a qualitative study. J Aging Soc Policy 2024; 36:241-261. [PMID: 35957602 DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2022.2111168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging in place has become a popular social policy worldwide. This paper argues that well-being is an important outcome of aging in place, upon which older people develop autonomy and environmental proactivity. The temporal dimension of aging in place highlights development of place attachment, which includes place identity and place dependence. The study explores how older people, who live inhigh-density urban environments, make sense of well-being and place attachment by articulating their daily lives. Community dwelling older people aged 65 and above, who came from neighborhoods with high aging population and residential density but high and low median household incomes, were invited for focus group discussions. Multifaceted meanings of well-being include various dimensions that cover individual-collective and material-spiritual (psychological) construct. Meanings of place attachment include values of, bonding ties to, and memories about places. Three pathways are identified linking place attachment and multifaceted well-being. The study finds that social welfare and material richness are not the only determinants of well-being. Fulfillment of higher psychological needs, such as positive evaluation of life and self-actualization, should be emphasized by which older people can make the most of their life in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- Research Institute for Land and Space, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Mee Kam Ng
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Shenjing He
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Social Infrastructure for Equity and Wellbeing (SIEW) Lab, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sze Hin Mok
- Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
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Ludovice NP, Delina LL, Perez OA. Food Choice Determinants and Changes in Hong Kong During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024; 36:240-245. [PMID: 38468141 DOI: 10.1177/10105395241237644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted food behavior choices, including in procurement, preparation, and waste management. Although some of these behavior changes have resulted in positive economic outcomes, such as the growth of employment opportunities for food delivery personnel, others have been deemed environmentally unsustainable, such as the increase in materials used for food packaging. This study examined how the pandemic intensified the negotiations between sustainability and health in food choice behaviors in Hong Kong and demonstrated how contextual and social determinants influenced these behaviors. Public health trumped sustainability drivers during these intense disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolo Paolo Ludovice
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Laurence L Delina
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Olivia Anne Perez
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Liao G, Wang F, Lu S, Yu YHK, Arrandale VH, Chan AHS, Tse LA. Assessing Neurobehavioral Alterations Among E-waste Recycling Workers in Hong Kong. Saf Health Work 2024; 15:9-16. [PMID: 38496288 PMCID: PMC10944145 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background E-waste workers in Hong Kong are handling an unprecedented amount of e-waste, which contains various neurotoxic chemicals. However, no study has been conducted to evaluate the neurological health status of e-waste workers in Hong Kong. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of neurobehavioral alterations and to identify the vulnerable groups among Hong Kong e-waste workers. Methods We recruited 109 Hong Kong e-waste workers from June 2021 to September 2022. Participants completed standard questionnaires and wore a GENEActiv accelerometer for seven days. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Questionnaire 16/18 (Q16/18) were used to assess subjective neurobehavioral alterations. The GENEActiv data generated objective sleep and circadian rhythm variables. Workers were grouped based on job designation and entity type according to the presumed hazardous level. Unconditional logistic regression models measured the associations of occupational characteristics with neurobehavioral alterations after adjusting for confounders. Results While dismantlers/repairers and the workers in entities not funded by the government were more likely to suffer from neurotoxic symptoms in Q18 (adjusted odds ratio: 3.18 [1.18-9.39] and 2.77 [1.10-7.46], respectively), the workers from self-sustained recycling facilities also have poor performances in circadian rhythm. Results also showed that the dismantlers/repairers working in entities not funded by the government had the highest risk of neurotoxic symptoms compared to the lowest-risk group (i.e., workers in government-funded companies with other job designations). Conclusion This timely and valuable study emphasizes the importance of improving the working conditions for high-risk e-waste workers, especially the dismantlers or repairers working in facilities not funded by the government.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengze Liao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | - Alan Hoi-shou Chan
- Department of Systems Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The CUHK Centre for Public Health and Primary Care (Shenzhen) & Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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Xin C, Hill F, Elsohaby I. Retrospective analysis of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens from pet rabbits in Hong Kong, 2019-2022. J Vet Diagn Invest 2024:10406387241233546. [PMID: 38414271 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241233546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing threat to human and animal health. Data are limited on the prevalence of resistant bacteria in pet rabbits. Therefore, we aimed to identify prevalent bacterial infections and AMR profiles among pet rabbits in Hong Kong (HK). Our search of the CityU Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (VDL) database found 301 cases of pet rabbits submitted for bacteriologic and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by veterinarians at 20 exotic veterinary clinics across HK between 2019 and 2022. The rabbits were of 8 different breeds and had a median age of 6.5 y, with 54.8% males, 40.2% females, and 5% unspecified. Of the 301 samples received, 168 (55.8%) had positive bacterial growth; 125 (74.4%) had single bacterial isolates, and 43 (25.6%) had mixed cultures. Cultures included Enterococcus faecalis (21.3%) as the most frequently isolated gram-positive bacterium, followed by Streptococcus intermedius (12.5%), and Staphylococcus aureus (11.3%). The most frequently isolated gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.1%), followed by Escherichia coli (8.3%), Pasteurella multocida (6.9%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.2%). Approximately 83% of the isolates had acquired resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, and 49.4% were multidrug-resistant. The isolated bacteria had high levels of resistance to penicillin (69.8%), clindamycin (47.4%), and doxycycline (46.9%). Our findings highlight the high levels of AMR in bacteria isolated from pet rabbit clinical samples in HK; many of these bacteria are zoonotic and pose a public health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fraser Hill
- CityU Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ibrahim Elsohaby
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice (OHRP), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Zhang K, Cheung LTO, Lam TWL, Ma ATH, Fok L. Exploring the Role of Determinants Affecting Responsible Underwater Behaviour of Marine-Based Tourists. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:141. [PMID: 38392494 PMCID: PMC10886176 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study utilised divers' demographic characteristics, diving experience, and attitudes to analyse the association between these factors and divers' responsible underwater behaviour among Chinese scuba divers in Hong Kong. More innovatively, the measurement construct of diving attitude was further employed as a mediator to investigate its influence on the relationship between divers' diving experience and responsible underwater behaviours based on the conceptual framework of previous works in the literature. The questionnaire data for this study were collected at four of the most popular dive sites among the marine protected areas in Hong Kong, with 398 valid samples after eliminating incomplete questionnaires. Regression results demonstrated that divers' demographic characteristics could significantly predict their responsible underwater behaviour, with age (b = 0.10, p < 0.05) and education (b = 0.15, p < 0.05) being found to be positively associated with their diving behaviour. In addition, path analysis demonstrated that divers' diving experience and attitude could explain 13.6% and 22.6% of the variance in predicting their responsible diving behaviour, respectively. However, no mediation effect was found on the relationship between diving experience and responsible underwater behaviour relative to diving attitude, given the absence of statistical effects regarding the positive impact of divers' diving experience on their attitude (β = 0.024, se = 0.022, t = 1.085, p = 0.279). Based on the research findings, theoretical and practical implications were discussed correspondingly, which are believed to be beneficial in promoting marine conservation and the sustainable development of marine-based nature tourism in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lewis T O Cheung
- York Business School, York St. John University, Lord Mayor's Walk, York YO31 7EX, UK
| | - Theresa W L Lam
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Burnley Campus, 5500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia
| | - Anson T H Ma
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, 141 Linnaeus Way, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lincoln Fok
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Wai AKC, Yip TF, Wong YH, Chu CK, Lee T, Yu KHO, So WL, Wong JYH, Wong CKH, Ho JW, Rainer T. The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Non-COVID-19 Deaths: Population-Wide Retrospective Cohort Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e41792. [PMID: 38349717 PMCID: PMC10866203 DOI: 10.2196/41792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care avoidance in the COVID-19 pandemic has been widely reported. Yet few studies have investigated the dynamics of hospital avoidance behavior during pandemic waves and inferred its impact on excess non-COVID-19 deaths. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to measure the impact of hospital avoidance on excess non-COVID-19 deaths in public hospitals in Hong Kong. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study involving 11,966,786 patients examined between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2021, in Hong Kong. All data were linked to service, treatment, and outcomes. To estimate excess mortality, the 2-stage least squares method was used with daily tallies of emergency department (ED) visits and 28-day mortality. Records for older people were categorized by long-term care (LTC) home status, and comorbidities were used to explain the demographic and clinical attributes of excess 28-day mortality. The primary outcome was actual excess death in 2020 and 2021. The 2-stage least squares method was used to estimate the daily excess 28-day mortality by daily reduced visits. RESULTS Compared with the prepandemic (2016-2019) average, there was a reduction in total ED visits in 2020 of 25.4% (548,116/2,142,609). During the same period, the 28-day mortality of non-COVID-19 ED deaths increased by 7.82% (2689/34,370) compared with 2016-2019. The actual excess deaths in 2020 and 2021 were 3143 and 4013, respectively. The estimated total excess non-COVID-19 28-day deaths among older people in 2020 to 2021 were 1958 (95% CI 1100-2820; no time lag). Deaths on arrival (DOAs) or deaths before arrival (DBAs) increased by 33.6% (1457/4336) in 2020, while non-DOA/DBAs increased only by a moderate 4.97% (1202/24,204). In both types of deaths, the increases were higher during wave periods than in nonwave periods. Moreover, non-LTC patients saw a greater reduction in ED visits than LTC patients across all waves, by more than 10% (non-LTC: 93,896/363,879, 25.8%; LTC: 7,956/67,090, 11.9%). Most of the comorbidity subsets demonstrated an annualized reduction in visits in 2020. Renal diseases and severe liver diseases saw notable increases in deaths. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a statistical method to estimate hospital avoidance behavior during a pandemic and quantified the consequent excess 28-day mortality with a focus on older people, who had high frequencies of ED visits and deaths. This study serves as an informed alert and possible investigational guideline for health care professionals for hospital avoidance behavior and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Ka-Chung Wai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
- Department of Accident & Emergency, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Accident & Emergency, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Tsz Fung Yip
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Yui Hang Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Chun Kit Chu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Teddy Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Ken Hung On Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Wang Leong So
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Janet Y H Wong
- School of Nursing & Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Kowloon, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Carlos King-Ho Wong
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Joshua W Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Timothy Rainer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
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14
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Turnbull M, Yu C, Tay D. "We Need to Go Back Home (to) the Philippines Healthy": An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Migrant Domestic Workers' Experiences of Having Breast Cancer in Hong Kong. Qual Health Res 2024:10497323241228789. [PMID: 38311814 DOI: 10.1177/10497323241228789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Diagnoses of breast cancer are continuing to increase in the Philippines, but little is known about incidence rates among the significant number of Filipino women working abroad as migrant domestic workers (MDWs). These women are often the main income providers for their families, and their ability to work depends upon their physical health and strength. In this article, we use interpretive phenomenological analysis to explore the experiences of 10 MDWs from the Philippines who were diagnosed with breast cancer during a period of employment in Hong Kong. Analysis of these narratives revealed numerous points at which their status as temporary, transnational migrant workers intersected with their experiences of breast cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment. We argue that these women's experiences of breast cancer were shaped by the structures of migration that link the Philippines with host destinations like Hong Kong. These structures create a unique context in which these women had to constantly renegotiate their identities as migrants, financial providers, and breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Turnbull
- Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carol Yu
- Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis Tay
- Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Zhao S, Mok CKP, Tang YS, Chen C, Sun Y, Chong KC, Hui DSC. Inferring Incidence of Unreported SARS-CoV-2 Infections Using Seroprevalence of Open Reading Frame 8 Antigen, Hong Kong. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:325-328. [PMID: 38167176 PMCID: PMC10826773 DOI: 10.3201/eid3002.231332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We tested seroprevalence of open reading frame 8 antigens to infer the number of unrecognized SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections in Hong Kong during 2022. We estimate 33.6% of the population was infected, 72.1% asymptomatically. Surveillance and control activities during large-scale outbreaks should account for potentially substantial undercounts.
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16
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Chester PJ, Shih V. Vaccine Nationalism: How China's State Media Misinform about Western Vaccines and Highlight the Successes of Chinese Vaccines to Different Audiences. J Health Polit Policy Law 2024; 49:163-187. [PMID: 37522356 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-10910260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
What motivates state-sponsored vaccine misinformation campaigns, given clear scientific evidence of vaccines' efficacy? The authors explored this issue through the lens of state-owned presses in mainland China and in Hong Kong. They first collected an original database of media reports on both Western and Chinese vaccines from 16 Chinese-language media publications based in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. They found the quantity of coverage of Western vaccines by mainland state-owned media outlets to be much less than their coverage of Chinese vaccines, reflecting the unavailability of Western vaccines in mainland China. However, applying a dictionary-based sentiment analysis, the authors found that state-owned presses in mainland China still portrayed Western vaccines negatively. In Hong Kong, where there is direct competition between Chinese and Western vaccines, they found that state-owned presses gave high coverage of both Western and Chinese vaccines but greater negative coverage of Western vaccines. These findings are consistent with a Chinese producer-oriented "vaccine nationalism" policy designed to nurture the domestic biotechnology sector.
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17
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Mak YL, Tett P, Yung YK, Sun WC, Tsang HL, Chan CT, Liu H, Chiu WL, Leung KF, Yang R, Chui HK. Phytoplankton Community Integrity Index (PCII) - A potential supplementary tool for evaluating nutrient enrichment status of Hong Kong marine waters. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 199:115964. [PMID: 38194823 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Diagnosis of eutrophication requires evidence of disturbance to the balance of organisms. We describe a tool, the Plankton Community Integrity Index (PCII), derived from the Plankton Index (PI) for tracking change in the seasonal patterns of abundance of diatom and dinoflagellate lifeforms when plotted in state space. The tool uses a nutrient-minimum reference period to interpret PCII values as status indicators, with values close to 1 indicating "High" status and 0.6 a Biological Water Quality Criterion (BioWQC) target set at the "Fair"/"Good" status boundary. It has been applied to Hong Kong marine waters, using data from monthly samples from 1995 through 2021. A preliminary analysis, required for the PI method, confirmed monsoonal seasonality in the diatom lifeform. In 5 of the 9 water bodies examined, PCII time series correlated with those of Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN). Since 2020, all Water Control Zones met the operationally defined BioWQC target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yim Ling Mak
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Paul Tett
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll PZ37 1QA, Scotland, UK
| | - Ying-Kit Yung
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Wai-Choi Sun
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Hin-Long Tsang
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Tat Chan
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Leung Chiu
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Kim-Fung Leung
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Rong Yang
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Ho-Kwong Chui
- Water Quality Management Group, Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 999077, Hong Kong
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18
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Leung CLK, Li KK, In Wei W, Tam W, McNeil EB, Tang A, Wong SYS, Kwok KO. Temporal variations of vaccine hesitancy amid the COVID-19 outbreaks in Hong Kong. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024; 16:216-234. [PMID: 37549926 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
To inform the dynamic adjustments of vaccination campaigns, this study examined the transitions among vaccine hesitancy profiles over the COVID-19 pandemic progression and their predictors and outcomes. The transition patterns among hesitancy profiles over three periods were identified using a latent transition analysis with individuals from a longitudinal cohort study since the emergence of COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Four profiles (i.e., skeptics, apathetics, fence-sitters, and believers) emerged consistently over time. From Period 1 (third and fourth pandemic waves) to Period 2 (dormant period, vaccine rollout), 14.17% of believers became fence-sitters (ambivalization), and 12.11% of fence-sitters became apathetics (apathetization). From Period 2 to Period 3 (omicron surge and vaccine mandates), 20.21% of believers became fence-sitters. Lower trust in government predicted a transition to skepticism, whereas higher trust predicted the opposite. Staying as believers was associated with decreased hygienic and social distancing behavior. The stable hesitancy profiles amid the rapid vaccine uptake suggest that structural factors rather than personal agency may drive the surge. Ambivalization and apathetization may signal disengagement in preventive behaviors. Trust in the government is crucial in the pandemic response. Public health interventions may improve compliance with guidelines and prevent skepticism and apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Lap Kwan Leung
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kin Kit Li
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wan In Wei
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wilson Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, Singapore
| | - Edward B McNeil
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Arthur Tang
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, RMIT University Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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19
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Zheng J, Kim N. Examining the role of moral foundations in promoting intergroup contact willingness. Int J Psychol 2024; 59:39-54. [PMID: 37724653 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Improving people's motivation to seek meaningful intergroup contact is considered key to facilitating intergroup harmony. Based on moral foundations theory, this study examines how moral foundations as individual traits predict contact willingness with three minority groups (foreign domestic helpers, LGBT, and Chinese expats) and how moral emotions mediate such associations. We tested our hypotheses based on survey data across Hong Kong and Singapore. We found that care/harm foundation positively predicted contact willingness with foreign domestic helpers and LGBT people, mediated by compassion. Sanctity/degradation foundation negatively predicted contact willingness with LGBT people only in Singapore. Loyalty/betrayal foundation served as a positive predictor of willingness to contact Chinese expats. We also found care/harm foundation to be exclusively associated with compassion and promoted willingness to contact with helpers and LGBT people. Our findings highlight the influence of moral foundations, and possibly norms and intergroup dynamics at the societal level in predicting willingness to contact outgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zheng
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Nuri Kim
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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20
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Lam MCY, Lam DSY. The Omicron variant of COVID-19 and its association with croup in children: a single-centre study in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2024; 30:44-55. [PMID: 38327165 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj2210455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fifth wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Hong Kong was dominated by the Omicron variant, which may cause more upper airway involvement in children. This study was performed to identify any associations between the Omicron variant of COVID-19 and croup in children. METHODS This retrospective study reviewed the electronic medical records of patients admitted to Tuen Mun Hospital in Hong Kong from 1 January 2018 to 31 March 2022 under the diagnostic code for croup (J05.0 in the International Classification of Diseases 10th Edition). Patients were categorised into three groups according to their admission periods, namely, non-COVID-19, COVID-19-pre-Omicron, and COVID-19-Omicron groups. Disease associations and severity were compared according to incidence, Westley Croup Score, length of hospital stay, medication use, respiratory support, and intensive care unit admissions. RESULTS The COVID-19 incidence among patients with croup was significantly higher in the COVID-19-Omicron group than in the COVID-19-pre-Omicron group (90.0% vs 2.0%; P<0.001). Compared with patients in the COVID-19-pre-Omicron and non-COVID-19 groups, patients in the COVID-19-Omicron group also had a higher Westley score (moderate and severe disease in the COVID-19-Omicron group: 56.7%; COVID-19-pre-Omicron group: 22.0%, P=0.004; non-COVID-19 group: 24.8%, P<0.001), longer median hospital stay (COVID-19-Omicron group: 3.00 days; COVID-19-pre-Omicron group: 2.00 days, P<0.001; non-COVID-19 group: 2.00 days, P=0.034), and higher mean dexamethasone requirement (COVID-19-Omicron group: 0.78 mg/kg; COVID-19-pre-Omicron group: 0.49 mg/kg, P<0.001; non-COVID-19 group: 0.58 mg/kg, P=0.001). CONCLUSION The Omicron variant of COVID-19 is associated with croup and can cause more severe disease in Hong Kong children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Y Lam
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - D S Y Lam
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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21
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Wong TCY, Yeung KHT, Khalikova VR, Hui LL, Chow KM, Lau EYY, Nelson EAS. Online ethnography of breastfeeding discussions in social networking sites for Hong Kong mothers. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:843-850. [PMID: 38370074 PMCID: PMC10867471 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
With the growth of social networking, parents are increasingly sharing their experiences and opinions or seeking help with childcare through online platforms. This study explored breastfeeding-related topics that Hong Kong mothers raise on social networking sites and how other mothers respond; and how these sites could be a facilitator or barrier to breastfeeding. An online ethnographic approach was used to collect breastfeeding-related discussions (posts and responses) among mothers from three sources: two closed moderated Facebook groups with more than 1000 members, and one open unmoderated forum (Baby Kingdom) (26 December 2021-26 May 2022). Posts not related to breastfeeding (e.g., about formula feeding only) were excluded. Data were collected by a nonparticipatory approach to avoid disrupting the dynamics of the groups. In total, 131 original posts and their 802 responses were collected, of which the common topics discussed were breastfeeding technique, breastfeeding-related health issues, breastfeeding mothers returning to work, and COVID-19 vaccination/infection during breastfeeding. The responses to the queries on breastfeeding technique and health issues in the closed groups were mostly about sharing breastfeeding knowledge and health information to provide timely emotional support and practical solutions. Although similar responses were observed in the open forum, sharing experiences in using formula milk were frequently observed in the responses to posts related to breastfeeding. Social networking sites could be facilitators and barriers to breastfeeding. The potential for infant formula promotion in open forums requires further monitoring and evaluation. Moderation and support from trained professionals or peers could be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toma Chun Yip Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong
| | - Karene Hoi Ting Yeung
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong
| | - Venera R. Khalikova
- Department of AnthropologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong
| | - Lai Ling Hui
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong
- Department of Food Science and NutritionThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong
| | - Ka Ming Chow
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong
| | - Esther Yuet Ying Lau
- Department of PsychologyThe Education University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong
| | - E. Anthony S. Nelson
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong
- School of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongChina
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22
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Chan CCH, Leung HW. WRAPPER study: Real-world effectiveness and tolerability of adjunctive perampanel for people with drug-resistant epilepsy in Hong Kong. Epilepsia Open 2024; 9:345-354. [PMID: 38101856 PMCID: PMC10839329 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Prince of Wales Hospital (PWH) Real-world Analysis of People with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy (DRE) on PERampanel (WRAPPER) study assessed effectiveness and tolerability of adjunctive perampanel in people with DRE attending PWH. METHODS This was a prospective single-center real-world observational study involving 70 people with DRE between July 2016 and June 2021. A post hoc analysis after the initial study period of 16 weeks assessed outcomes for an extended period up to 52 weeks. RESULTS After 16 weeks, median dose of perampanel was 2 mg (IQR 24 mg). 50% responder rates were 40.0%, 41.5%, and 48.7% at 16, 26, and 52 weeks. Seizure freedom was 12.9%, 20.7%, and 25.6% at 16, 26, and 52 weeks. Monthly seizure frequency reduced from 3.0 (IQR 3.0-6.6) at baseline to 2.0 (IQR 2.0-6.0, p = 0.005) at 16 weeks; 2.0 (IQR 2.0-5.0, p = 0.01) at 26 weeks; and 2.0 (IQR 0.0-4.0, p = 0.018) at 52 weeks. Older age predicted 50% responders (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.14, p = 0.048). At 16 weeks, 51.4% (36/70) had treatment-emergent adverse effects (TEAEs). Most common was seizure exacerbation at 35.7% (25/70) followed by fatigue at 15.7% (11/70). NPI-12 and ZBI scores indicated no increase in neuropsychiatric symptoms on perampanel. SIGNIFICANCE Low-dose 2-4 mg adjunctive perampanel for people with DRE conferred appreciable improvements in seizure reduction without significant neuropsychiatric adverse effects in the real-world setting at a tertiary center in Hong Kong and had better antiseizure effect with advancing age. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY This real-world study from Hong Kong found low-dose perampanel was effective and tolerable for people with drug-resistant epilepsy. Furthermore, perampanel was also potentially more effective with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie C. H. Chan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsPrince of Wales HospitalHong KongSpecial Administrative RegionsChina
- Present address:
Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsPrince of Wales HospitalHong KongSpecial Administrative RegionsChina
| | - Ho Wan Leung
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsPrince of Wales HospitalHong KongSpecial Administrative RegionsChina
- Present address:
Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsPrince of Wales HospitalHong KongSpecial Administrative RegionsChina
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23
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Ko FWS, Xu X, Chau C, Navarro A, Hui DSC, Milea D. Clinical characteristics and healthcare resource utilization in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Hong Kong. Respir Med 2024; 222:107516. [PMID: 38184091 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant cause of mortality, with its prevalence projected to rise in Asia. The primary objective of this study was to describe clinical characteristics, maintenance treatment, and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) among patients with COPD in Hong Kong. Secondary objectives were to assess patient demographics and clinical characteristics by eosinophil (EOS) levels, and compare the demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns of patients on multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT). METHODS This study analyzed a cohort of patients with COPD who had entered a previously initiated prospective cohort study involving patients with COPD and/or asthma at the Prince of Wales Hospital between 2017 and 2019. RESULTS Patients with COPD were enrolled (N = 220, mean age 74.3 years, 97 % male). Twelve months prior to baseline assessment, 66 % of patients were on MITT, 17 % on long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs)/long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs), and 7 % on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)/LABA. Compared with ICS/LABA or LAMA/LABA, more patients on MITT experienced ≥1 exacerbation (26.7 %, 10.5 %, 39.7 %, respectively). Patients on MITT also had a higher mean (SD) COPD Assessment Test score (9.4 [5.9]) and modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale score (1.7 [0.7]) and incurred the most COPD-related and total HCRU costs. Compared with patients with EOS ≤300 cells/μL, those with EOS >300 cells/μL had a higher number of exacerbations. CONCLUSIONS Patients with COPD in Hong Kong treated with MITT presented more severe disease profiles and incurred higher costs. These data can be used for decision making in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Wai San Ko
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Xiaomeng Xu
- GSK, Greater China and Intercontinental, Singapore
| | | | - Aldo Navarro
- GSK, Greater China and Intercontinental, Singapore
| | - David Shu Cheong Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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24
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Ho WCS, Boon SS, Chong KC, Lai CKC, Sze RKH, Khan ATK, Xing RL, Sukarom I, Wu YH, Chau RWY, Chan PKS. Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among the general adult population in Hong Kong. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29460. [PMID: 38348874 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study in 2021-23 collected oral rinse gargle samples from an human papillomaviruses (HPV) vaccine-naïve general adult population in Hong Kong. HPV was detected by a PCR using SPF10 primers, and genotyped by a linear array covering 25 genotypes. Epidemiologic information including sociodemographics, medical history, oral health, and sexual behavior were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Altogether, 2323 subjects aged 18-75 (median 47) years with 50.1% male were recruited. The prevalence for oral HPV infection with all genotypes combined, high-risk, and low-risk genotypes was 1.5%, 0.7%, and 0.7%, respectively; and with no statistically significant difference between participant gender. The prevalence increased with age and was highest in women at 45-54 years (2.7% for all genotypes combined), and highest in men aged >64 years (4.1% for all genotypes combined). HPV52 was the most common genotype among all participants. Univariate analysis suggested more lifetime sexual or oral sexual partners as risk factors, but they did not reach statistical significance upon multivariate analysis; whereas higher educational level had an independent protective effect. To conclude, oral HPV prevalence increased with age in Hong Kong. Strategies to prevent oral HPV infection and the associated cancers are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy C S Ho
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siaw S Boon
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Chun Chong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher K C Lai
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan K H Sze
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aaron T K Khan
- Global Medical and Scientific Affairs, MSD, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rachel L Xing
- Global Medical and Scientific Affairs, MSD, Hong Kong, China
| | - Isaya Sukarom
- Center for Observational and Real-world Evidence, MSD Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ying-Hui Wu
- Global Medical and Scientific Affairs, MSD, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rene W Y Chau
- Global Medical and Scientific Affairs, MSD, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K S Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Chan HO, Beech A. Risky Sexual Behavior and Psychopathy: Testing the Relationship in a Non-Clinical Sample of Young Adults in Hong Kong. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:94. [PMID: 38392448 PMCID: PMC10885930 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between risky sexual behavior (RSB) and psychopathy in a non-clinical sample of 714 Hong Kong adults, shedding light on sex differences. Our findings reveal that males exhibit significantly higher mean levels of RSB (general, penetrative, and nonpenetrative), as well as egocentric (Factor 1) and callous (Factor 3) traits of psychopathy, along with increased sexual desire compared to females. Regression analyses indicate that elevated levels of antisociality (Factor 2) and callousness (Factor 3) traits of psychopathy, along with sexual desire, emerge as significant risk factors for engaging in general, penetrative, and nonpenetrative RSB. Intriguingly, higher age and being in a long-term relationship are associated with RSB. The implications of this study suggest potential avenues for reducing, if not entirely preventing, the inclination to engage in RSB in the presence of psychopathic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Oliver Chan
- Department of Social Policy, Sociology, and Criminology, School of Social Policy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Anthony Beech
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Fong TCT, Cheung DYT, Choi EPH, Fong DYT, Ho RTH, Ip P, Kung MC, Lam MWC, Lee AM, Wong WCW, Lam TH, Yip PSF. Latent Heterogeneity of Online Sexual Experiences and Associations With Sexual Risk Behaviors and Behavioral Health Outcomes in Chinese Young Adults: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e50020. [PMID: 38277190 PMCID: PMC10858424 DOI: 10.2196/50020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online sexual experiences (OSEs) are becoming increasingly common in young adults, but existing papers have reported only on specific types of OSEs and have not shown the heterogeneous nature of the repertoire of OSEs. The use patterns of OSEs remain unclear, and the relationships of OSEs with sexual risk behaviors and behavioral health outcomes have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the latent heterogeneity of OSEs in young adults and the associations with sexual risk behaviors and behavioral health outcomes. METHODS The 2021 Youth Sexuality Study of the Hong Kong Family Planning Association phone interviewed a random sample of 1205 young adults in Hong Kong in 2022 (male sex: 613/1205, 50.9%; mean age 23.0 years, SD 2.86 years) on lifetime OSEs, demographic and family characteristics, Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) scores, sex-related factors (sexual orientation, sex knowledge, and sexual risk behaviors), and behavioral health outcomes (sexually transmitted infections [STIs], drug use, and suicidal ideation) in the past year. Sample heterogeneity of OSEs was analyzed via latent class analysis with substantive checking of the class profiles. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the direct and indirect associations between the OSE class and behavioral health outcomes via sexual risk behaviors and PHQ-4 scores. RESULTS The data supported 3 latent classes of OSEs with measurement invariance by sex. In this study, 33.1% (398/1205), 56.0% (675/1205), and 10.9% (132/1205) of the sample were in the abstinent class (minimal OSEs), normative class (occasional OSEs), and active class (substantive OSEs), respectively. Male participants showed a lower prevalence of the abstinent class (131/613, 21.4% versus 263/592, 44.4%) and a higher prevalence of the active class (104/613, 17.0% versus 28/592, 4.7%) than female participants. The normative class showed significantly higher sex knowledge than the other 2 classes. The active class was associated with male sex, nonheterosexual status, higher sex desire and PHQ-4 scores, and more sexual risk behaviors than the other 2 classes. Compared with the nonactive (abstinent and normative) classes, the active class was indirectly associated with higher rates of STIs (absolute difference in percentage points [Δ]=4.8%; P=.03) and drug use (Δ=7.6%; P=.001) via sexual risk behaviors, and with higher rates of suicidal ideation (Δ=2.5%; P=.007) via PHQ-4 scores. CONCLUSIONS This study provided the first results on the 3 (abstinent, normative, and active) latent classes of OSEs with distinct profiles in OSEs, demographic and family characteristics, PHQ-4 scores, sex-related factors, and behavioral health outcomes. The active class showed indirect associations with higher rates of STIs and drug use via sexual risk behaviors and higher rates of suicidal ideation via PHQ-4 scores than the other 2 classes. These results have implications for the formulation and evaluation of targeted interventions to help young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted C T Fong
- Centre on Behavioral Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Derek Yee Tak Cheung
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Edmond Pui Hang Choi
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Daniel Y T Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Rainbow T H Ho
- Centre on Behavioral Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
- Department of Social Work & Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Man Chun Kung
- Family Planning Association of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | | | - Antoinette Marie Lee
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - William Chi Wai Wong
- Department of Family Medicine & Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Paul S F Yip
- Department of Social Work & Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
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Mak HWF, Ho SY, Wong JCY, Chiang V, Lee E, Yim JSH, Wong BYH, Li PH. Clinical utility of and correlation between Sniffin' Sticks and TIB smell identification test (TIBSIT) among Hong Kong Chinese with or without chronic rhinosinusitis. Front Allergy 2024; 5:1292342. [PMID: 38332895 PMCID: PMC10847303 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1292342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is common among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Validated and culturally specific tests, such as the "Sniffin' Sticks" test (SST) and the TIB Smell Identification Test (TIBSIT), are crucial for the diagnosis and monitoring of OD. However, they have not been utilised in Hong Kong Chinese and their correlations are unknown. Methods Twelve CRS patients and twenty healthy volunteers were prospectively recruited from a joint allergy-otorhinolaryngology clinic in Hong Kong and performed both SST and TIBSIT. Demographics, baseline characteristics and all test results were compared and analysed. Results Patients with CRS demonstrated significantly lower test scores than healthy controls (all p < 0.001). Significant and strong correlations were observed between all composite and subtest scores, particularly between the composite SST and TIBSIT scores (ρ = 0.789, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the presence of CRS and increasing age were significantly associated with OD. Conclusion Both SST and TIBSIT are useful olfactory tests and are strongly correlated among Hong Kong Chinese. We advocate that either test can be used for measuring OD among CRS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo W F Mak
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shi Yeung Ho
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jane C Y Wong
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Valerie Chiang
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Elaine Lee
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jackie S H Yim
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Birgitta Y H Wong
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Philip H Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Sumerlin TS, Kim JH, Hui AYK, Chan D, Liao T, Padmadas S, Fong E, Chung RY. Employment conditions and mental health of overseas female migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong: a parallel mediation analysis. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:8. [PMID: 38233876 PMCID: PMC10792881 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-024-02098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female migrant domestic workers (MDW), approximately 8.5 million globally, often live in their employer's home under vulnerable conditions. In Hong Kong, MDWs currently comprise 5% of the population. This study was conducted to assess the association between employment conditions and mental health, and the mediating roles stress and job satisfaction have, among female MDWs in Hong Kong. METHODS Participants completed an online cross-sectional survey. A total of 1,965 survey were collected between August 2020 and August 2021. Questions in the survey were related to MDWs background information, employment conditions, stress, job satisfaction, and two mental health outcomes: anxiety and depression. An employment conditions score was created to assess the cumulative effect poor employment conditions had on mental health. A multicategorical parallel mediation analysis was used to assess the direct effect employment conditions have on mental health and the indirect effects through stress and job satisfaction. RESULTS Overall, 17.7% of MDWs were reported to be suffering from anxiety and 30.8% from depression. An increase in poor employment conditions was statistically associated with an increase in both outcomes, while stress levels and job satisfaction mediated this association. CONCLUSIONS The findings call for increased scrutiny of employment conditions and mental well-being of MDWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Sumerlin
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jean H Kim
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Bioethics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Dicken Chan
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tim Liao
- Department of Sociology, State University of New York Stony Brook, Brookhaven, NY, USA
| | - Sabu Padmadas
- Social Statistics and Demography, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Eric Fong
- Department of Sociology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Roger Y Chung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Centre for Bioethics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Lei F. Stakeholders' Voices of Lung Cancer Screening in Hong Kong: Study Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:142. [PMID: 38255030 PMCID: PMC10815317 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study aims to (1) explore physicians' perceptions and experiences of lung cancer screening in Hong Kong, (2) evaluate physicians' readiness of implementing lung cancer screening in Hong Kong, (3) explore high-risk smokers' health beliefs of lung cancer and screening, (4) identify barriers and facilitators for high-risk Hong Kong smokers to screening for lung cancer, and (5) validate the Chinese Lung Cancer Screening Health Belief Scale in relation to high-risk smokers in Hong Kong. Methods and analysis: A mixed methods design will be used in this study. Individual qualitative interviews will be conducted with physicians who have experience with high-risk smokers. Physicians' perceptions and experiences of lung cancer screening, and their readiness to accept lung cancer screening in Hong Kong, will be gathered through the qualitative interviews. A semi-structured interview guide will be used in the qualitative interviews. In addition, a quantitative survey with qualitative questions will be conducted on high-risk smokers to investigate their health beliefs of lung cancer and screening and barriers and facilitators for them to screening lung cancer. A lung cancer screening health belief scale, sociodemographic questionnaire, smoking and lung cancer screening history questionnaire, lung cancer and screening knowledge questionnaire, lung cancer stigma scale, generalized anxiety disorder scale, patient health questionnaire-9, patients' medical trust scale and preferred lung cancer screening intervention delivery questionnaire will be conducted in the quantitative survey. Constant comparison and content analysis will be used to analyze the qualitative data. Descriptive data analysis, validity and reliability analysis, one-way analysis of variance and post hoc analyses will be used to analyze quantitative data. Discussions: This study explores physicians' and high-risk smokers' perceptions and experiences toward lung cancer screening in Hong Kong. Findings from this study can help healthcare providers and policy makers become aware of the stakeholder's voices. In addition, these findings can help to inform the design of future interventional lung cancer screening programs and provide a tool to measure Chinese high-risk smokers' health beliefs toward lung cancer screening. A major limitation of this mixed methods study is the amount of time taken to complete the overall study. Also, its complexity requires more collaboration and networking among researchers. Ethics and dissemination: This study has minimal risk to the participants. It will be submitted to the university IRB for ethical approval. Findings related to physicians' perceptions and experiences of lung cancer screening in Hong Kong, physicians' readiness of implementing lung cancer screening, high-risk smokers' health beliefs of lung cancer and screening, barriers, and facilitators for high-risk Hong Kong smokers to screening lung cancer will be disseminated in journals and conferences. The reliability and validity of the Chinese lung cancer screening health belief scale will be reported in methodological research journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lei
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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30
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Chen Z, Chan ABW, Kam LS, Chan MH, Chan JYK, Lee WT, Chow C, Boon SS, Xia C, Lam B, Lam S, Ng RWY, Ho WCS, Lam EWH, Lai CKC, Chan PKS. Changes in the Incidence and Human Papillomavirus-Positive Portion of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Hong Kong. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:226. [PMID: 38201653 PMCID: PMC10778352 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is rising in the West, but little is known in Asia. This study elucidated changes in the incidence and HPV-positive portion of OPSCC in Hong Kong. Data from population-based cancer registry were used to analyze the incidence of OPSCC in association with other head and neck cancers. Archived tumor tissues were tested for HPV. From 1986 to 2020, there was a marked decrease in the incidence of nasopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers, but a persistent increase in OPSCC from 36 cases in 1986 to 116 cases in 2020. The average positive rate for high-risk HPV was 36.1% (112/310) among OPSCC diagnosed in 2010-2020. The HPV-positive rate in recent years was significantly higher than earlier cases (tonsil SCC: 64.7% (55/85) in 2016-2020 vs. 40.4% (19/47) in 2010-2015, p = 0.007). Patients with HPV-positive tonsil cancers were significantly younger than those negative (mean [SD]: 58.9 [9.9] vs. 64.3 [13.3] years, p = 0.006), but no significant difference was observed between genders. A persistent increase in the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer over the last few decades was observed in Hong Kong, which can be explained by the remarkable increase in HPV-positive tonsil cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigui Chen
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.C.); (S.S.B.); (C.X.); (R.W.Y.N.); (W.C.S.H.); (C.K.C.L.)
| | - Amy B. W. Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (A.B.W.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Lok-Sang Kam
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man-Hin Chan
- Department of ENT, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; (M.-H.C.); (B.L.); (E.W.H.L.)
| | - Jason Y. K. Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai-Tung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Chit Chow
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (A.B.W.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Siaw S. Boon
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.C.); (S.S.B.); (C.X.); (R.W.Y.N.); (W.C.S.H.); (C.K.C.L.)
| | - Chichao Xia
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.C.); (S.S.B.); (C.X.); (R.W.Y.N.); (W.C.S.H.); (C.K.C.L.)
| | - Brian Lam
- Department of ENT, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; (M.-H.C.); (B.L.); (E.W.H.L.)
| | - Suki Lam
- Department of ENT, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; (M.-H.C.); (B.L.); (E.W.H.L.)
| | - Rita W. Y. Ng
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.C.); (S.S.B.); (C.X.); (R.W.Y.N.); (W.C.S.H.); (C.K.C.L.)
| | - Wendy C. S. Ho
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.C.); (S.S.B.); (C.X.); (R.W.Y.N.); (W.C.S.H.); (C.K.C.L.)
| | - Eddy W. H. Lam
- Department of ENT, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; (M.-H.C.); (B.L.); (E.W.H.L.)
| | - Christopher K. C. Lai
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.C.); (S.S.B.); (C.X.); (R.W.Y.N.); (W.C.S.H.); (C.K.C.L.)
| | - Paul K. S. Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.C.); (S.S.B.); (C.X.); (R.W.Y.N.); (W.C.S.H.); (C.K.C.L.)
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Cao Y, Chen WY, Wantzen KM. 'One River, Two Systems': Hong Kong's River Management. Environ Manage 2024; 73:81-101. [PMID: 38078964 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-023-01923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Hong Kong (HK), one of the world's most densely populated metropolises, is home to over 200 rivers and streams extending about 2500 km in length. During the 1970s-1990s, most of these rivers were converted into artificial canals, to which the local society pays little attention. Since the 2010s, the HK government has initiated river revitalization to enhance the social-environmental roles of rivers. This study employed a mixed research method, including literature and policy analysis, expert interviews, field visits, and a public survey, to identify key challenges in HK's Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM). The findings highlighted the lack of IRBM's institutional arrangements in HK, characterized by a fragmented 'one river, two systems' approach without both coordination and collaboration. The Water Supplies Department (WSD) impounds upland streams as reservoirs for securing the local water supply, while the Drainage Service Department (DSD) manages heavily channelized, culverted downstream serving as storm drains with diminished ecological functionality. One significant barrier to the implementation of IRBM in HK was the limited public participation, although our survey revealed a high level of public willingness to participate in river management. Presently, river revitalization efforts have achieved limited success, with ecological measures appearing mostly "cosmetic" and the conservation of freshwater biodiversity neglected. This further underscored the pressing need for the embracement of IRBM in HK to safeguard basin-wide freshwater ecosystems. Our survey also indicated low public awareness of river revitalization initiatives and widespread dissatisfaction with their outcomes. In conclusion, we proposed the development of IRBM in HK by instituting river basin coordination, prioritizing river ecosystem restoration in revitalization projects, and involving the public through tailored strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Cao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Cities, Territories, Environment and Society (UMR CNRS 7324 CITERES), University of Tours, 37204, Tours, France.
| | - Wendy Yan Chen
- Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Karl Matthias Wantzen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Cities, Territories, Environment and Society (UMR CNRS 7324 CITERES), University of Tours, 37204, Tours, France
- UNESCO Chair "River Culture-Fleuves et Patrimoine", University of Tours, 37204, Tours, France
- UNESCO Chair "Rivers and Heritage", Institut Terre et Environnement de Strasbourg (ITES) (CNRS UMR7063), Université de Strasbourg / KIT Karlsruhe, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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Sin CF, Li THS, Wong KP, Wong KW, Sin YT, Lam WK, Mak HC, Lau WP, Yeung KP, Leung FSK, Li CH. Characteristics and outcome of a territory-wide cohort study of patients with acquired hemophilia A in Hong Kong. Thromb Res 2024; 233:138-144. [PMID: 38043393 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare bleeding disorder with destruction of factor VIII by autoantibodies. Comprehensive data for Chinese patients are lacking. Predictors of hospital stay have not been investigated. METHODS A territory-wide review of patients diagnosed with AHA from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021 was performed by retrieving patients' information from an electronic database system in Hong Kong. RESULTS Overall, 165 patients were included in this 10-year study, and the estimated incidence was 2.4 per million/year, which was higher than those reported from Caucasian cohorts. The median age of diagnosis was 80 years old. Patients had a long hospital stay (median: 25 days) and high mortality (55.2 %). The majority of deaths were caused by immunosuppression-related sepsis (49.5 %). Age was an independent predictor of overall survival (Hazard ratio: 1.065, 95 % CI: 1.037-1.093, p < 0.001), complete remission (CR) status (odd ratios (OR): 0.948, 95 % CI: 0.921-0.976, p < 0.001) and time to achieve CR (OR: 1.043, 95 % CI: 1.019-1.067, p < 0.001). Higher hemoglobin level on presentation was associated with shorter time to achieve CR (OR: 0.888, 95 % CI: 0.795-0.993, p = 0.037). Factor VIII level < 1 % normal, high inhibitor titer and intensive immunosuppressive regimen predicted long hospital stay. CONCLUSION We presented comprehensive data of Chinese patients with AHA which comprised predominantly frail elderly who required long hospital stay and had high sepsis-related mortality. This posed challenges in managing AHA in such patients. Individualized immunosuppressive therapy is needed to balance the benefits and risk of septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Fung Sin
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Ting Hon Stanford Li
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ka-Ping Wong
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ka-Wai Wong
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yuen-Ting Sin
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wing Kit Lam
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hiu-Chun Mak
- Department of Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wai-Pun Lau
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ka-Pik Yeung
- Department of Pathology, Princes Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Fung Shan Kate Leung
- Department of Pathology, Princes Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chung-Hin Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Princes of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Cheung YYH, Lau EHY, Yin G, Lin Y, Cowling BJ, Lam KF. Effectiveness of Vaccines and Antiviral Drugs in Preventing Severe and Fatal COVID-19, Hong Kong. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:70-78. [PMID: 38040664 PMCID: PMC10756371 DOI: 10.3201/eid3001.230414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared the effectiveness and interactions of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and 2 vaccines, CoronaVac and Comirnaty, in a large population of inpatients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Both the oral antiviral drugs and vaccines were associated with lower risks for all-cause mortality and progression to serious/critical/fatal conditions (study outcomes). No significant interaction effects were observed between the antiviral drugs and vaccinations; their joint effects were additive. If antiviral drugs were prescribed within 5 days of confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, usage was associated with lower risks for the target outcomes for patients >60, but not <60, years of age; no significant clinical benefit was found if prescribed beyond 5 days. Among patients >80 years of age, 3-4 doses of Comirnaty vaccine were associated with significantly lower risks for target outcomes. Policies should encourage COVID-19 vaccination, and oral antivirals should be made accessible to infected persons within 5 days of confirmed diagnosis.
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Yuen CYM, Cheung ACK, Leung KH. Effects of salient factors on the pursuit of higher education among multicultural youth in Hong Kong. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1253842. [PMID: 38144991 PMCID: PMC10746387 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1253842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents novel and compelling evidence of the disparities in factors influencing the beliefs and aspirations for higher education among mainstream and immigrant youth in Hong Kong, particularly those who are underprivileged. We developed and validated a psychometric questionnaire, known as the Post-Secondary Education Pursuit Instrument (PSEPi), which was administered to 4,850 students aged between 15 and 18 years old from 23 secondary schools. The objective of this study was to explore the factors that impact students' choices and plans for higher education. The results of the one-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) analysis deepen our understanding of the differential effects of success and obstacle factors on students' higher education pursuits across various cultural groups. The underprivileged mainstream, Chinese immigrant, and ethnic minority South Asian youth reported a perceived glass ceiling effect associated with their ethnic backgrounds, as well as financial aid barriers, while pursuing higher education, in contrast to their average Hong Kong mainstream counterparts (mean Cohen's d = 0.40). The direct effects and multiple mediation analyses demonstrated that significant others' influence, particularly the influence of parents, and locus of control are prime determinants of the perceived usefulness of higher education for all student groups. The implications are that educational policies should be implemented to level the playing field in higher education admissions for both privileged and underprivileged youth in Hong Kong and other international countries. Overall, this study provides robust empirical evidence that can be utilized to enhance educational policies and practices to bridge the gap between mainstream and underprivileged immigrant youth in their pursuit of higher education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Y. M. Yuen
- Department of Educational Administration and Policy, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alan C. K. Cheung
- Department of Educational Administration and Policy, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K. H. Leung
- The Hong Kong Centre for the Development of Educational Leadership, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Li PH, Au EYL, Cheong SL, Chung L, Fan KI, Ho MHK, Leung ASY, Chung MMH, Wong JCY, Coelho R. Hong Kong-Macau Severe Hives and Angioedema Referral Pathway. Front Allergy 2023; 4:1290021. [PMID: 38125294 PMCID: PMC10731021 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1290021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Urticaria (defined as the presence of hives, angioedema, or both) can be caused by a variety of etiologies ranging from more common conditions such as chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) to rarer conditions such as hereditary angioedema (HAE). Specialist referral may be necessary in cases of severe urticaria or HAE, but access to specialist services remains limited in certain regions, such as the Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China. To address this, the Hong Kong-Macau Severe Hives and Angioedema Referral Pathway (SHARP) was initiated by the Hong Kong Institute of Allergy and Macau Society of Dermatology to promote multidisciplinary collaboration and regional exchange of expertise in the diagnosis and management of severe urticaria. Methods A nominated task force of dermatologists and immunologists who manage patients with severe urticaria formulated the consensus statements (CS) using the Delphi method. The consensus was defined a priori as an agreement of ≥80%. Results A total of 24 CS were formulated, including four statements on classifications and definitions, seven statements on diagnosis, and 13 statements on management and referral. The definitions for acute/chronic urticaria and severe CSU were stated. Unnecessary investigations and inappropriate medications were discouraged. The characteristics and recommended approach to suspected bradykinergic angioedema were specified. Stepwise treatment options using second-generation antihistamines, omalizumab, or cyclosporin for patients with CSU were addressed, and the importance of access to HAE-specific medications was emphasized. Furthermore, an integrated referral pathway for patients with severe hives and angioedema was constructed. Conclusion The SHARP provides guidance for the management and specialist referral of patients with severe hives and angioedema in Hong Kong and Macau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip H. Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Elaine Y. L. Au
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Si-Leong Cheong
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Conde de São Januário, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ling Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Conde de São Januário, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ka I. Fan
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Conde de São Januário, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Marco H. K. Ho
- Lee Tak Hong Allergy Centre, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Agnes S. Y. Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Martin M. H. Chung
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jane C. Y. Wong
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ricardo Coelho
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Conde de São Januário, Macau, Macao SAR, China
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Chung GKK, Marmot M, Ho IYY, Chan SM, Lai ETC, Wong SYS, Yeoh EK, Woo J, Chung RYN. Secular trends of life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy at age 65 and associated gender and area-level socioeconomic inequalities in Hong Kong: a serial cross-sectional study between 2007 and 2020. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2023; 41:100909. [PMID: 37780635 PMCID: PMC10541487 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite Hong Kong's world leading longevity, little is known about its associated disability burden and social patterning. Hence, this study assessed the gender-specific secular trends and area-level inequalities in life expectancy (LE) and disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) at age 65 in Hong Kong. Methods Population structure, death records, and disability data in 2007, 2013, and 2020 were retrieved from the Census and Statistics Department to estimate LE and DFLE using the Sullivan Method. District-based sociodemographic indicators were used to compare LE and DFLE across 18 districts of Hong Kong in 2013. Findings Between 2007 and 2020, LE at age 65 increased by 3.7 years (from 18.3 to 22.0) in men and by 2.1 years (from 22.7 to 24.8) in women. By contrast, DFLE increased more slowly, by 1.8 years (from 14.6 to 16.3) in men and by only 0.1 year (from 16.4 to 16.5) in women, leading to a substantial increase in proportion of life spent with disability. Results from multiple linear regression using district-based data in 2013 showed a similar extent of associations of education with LE and DFLE (mean year difference: 0.81 [95% CI: 0.14, 1.48] and 0.68 [0.10, 1.27], respectively, per 10% increase in average education level), while female gender was more strongly associated with LE (4.44 [3.56, 5.31]) than with DFLE (2.00 [1.18, 2.82]). Interpretation Expansion of disability burden and male-female health-survival paradox hold true in Hong Kong. Unlike Western countries with a stronger socioeconomic patterning of DFLE, the extent of area-level socioeconomic inequalities in LE and DFLE appears to be more comparable in Hong Kong. Funding Health and Medical Research Fund (Ref. no.: 19202031) by the Health Bureau of Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Ka-Ki Chung
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Marmot
- CUHK Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- UCL Institute of Health Equity, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Irene Yuk-Ying Ho
- CUHK Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siu-Ming Chan
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric Tsz-Chun Lai
- CUHK Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eng-Kiong Yeoh
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jean Woo
- CUHK Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Roger Yat-Nork Chung
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Centre for Bioethics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Chan SCY, Wong CC, Huang QL, Fung CK. The psychometric properties of the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) and its associations with well-being indicators in Hong Kong older adults. Australas J Ageing 2023; 42:683-689. [PMID: 37259258 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social networks play a vital role in facilitating late-life health and well-being. The current research sought to examine the psychometric properties of the abbreviated Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) among community-dwelling Hong Kong Chinese older adults and to explore the association between social network and well-being indicators such as life satisfaction, functional social support, loneliness and anxiety. METHODS We administered the LSNS-6 scale to 324 older adults (mean = 71.70, SD = 8.58, range: 58-95). We performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to confirm the construct validity. Cronbach's alpha was chosen for internal consistency estimation. Correlational analysis was performed between LSNS-6 scale and other measures to ascertain the convergent validity. RESULTS The two-factor model of LSNS-6 indicated an adequate fit. The goodness-of-fit index values for the model were χ2 /df = 2.61, CFI = 0.98, RSMEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.05. The internal consistency of the scale was α = 0.75. It also demonstrated good construct validity in measuring the social network and acceptable convergent validity to other measures. CONCLUSIONS The LSNS-6, according to current findings, can be a valid reference to the social network of Hong Kong older adults, enabling researchers and clinicians to investigate and develop further corresponding remedies for those in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cheong Yu Chan
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Chung Wong
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Lu Huang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk Ki Fung
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Rochelle TL. Social participation, loneliness and well-being among older adults in Hong Kong: a longitudinal examination. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:2927-2937. [PMID: 35332829 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2058028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study adopts a longitudinal design to examine the relationship between loneliness, social participation, life satisfaction and social networks among older adults in Hong Kong. The study also explores the mediating effects of social network and social participation on the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction. A community sample of 200 older adults (153 female) ranging in age from 65 to 93 years (Mage = 76.03) were recruited from 20 elderly centres and NGOs across Hong Kong. The model of loneliness as a predictor of life satisfaction, sequentially mediated by network importance and social participation was significant and explained a total of 21% of the variance in life satisfaction. The present study highlights the importance of social networks and social participation in contributing to the life satisfaction of older adults in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina L Rochelle
- Department of Social & Behavioural Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Xiong W, Cowling BJ, Tsang TK. Influenza Resurgence after Relaxation of Public Health and Social Measures, Hong Kong, 2023. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:2556-2559. [PMID: 37885047 PMCID: PMC10683823 DOI: 10.3201/eid2912.230937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Soon after a mask mandate was relaxed (March 1, 2023), the first post-COVID-19 influenza season in Hong Kong lasted 12 weeks. After other preventive measures were accounted for, mask wearing was associated with an estimated 25% reduction in influenza transmission. Influenza resurgence probably resulted from relaxation of mask mandates and other measures.
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Yeung CY, So KY, Cheung HHT, Hou PY, Ko HF, Lee A. Comparison of instructor-led compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator training for secondary school students: A multicenter noninferiority randomized trial. Resusc Plus 2023; 16:100487. [PMID: 37886710 PMCID: PMC10598683 DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many barriers exist to the wider and sustainable implementation of basic life support (BLS) training in secondary schools. Whether trained teacher instructors are not worse than healthcare instructors by 20% (noninferiority margin) of simulated BLS skills for secondary school students is unclear. Methods We conducted a two-armed, parallel, noninferiority, blinded, randomized controlled trial at four secondary schools in Hong Kong after teachers had undergone BLS training. Students were randomized to either the trained teacher or healthcare instructor group for the 2-hour compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator (CO-CPRAED) course. The assessors for the students' BLS skill performance six months after the CO-CPRAED course were blinded. Results Of the 33 trained teachers, 13 (39.4%) volunteered to be instructors for the CO-CPRAED course. Three hundred and eleven students (median age: 15 years, 67% males) were randomized to either the teacher (n = 161) or healthcare (n = 150) instructor group. The BLS skill performance passing rate (%) at six months was high in both instructor groups (teacher: 88% versus healthcare: 91%; mean difference: -3%, 95% CI: -11% to 5%; P = 0.22). The students' knowledge levels remained high (>90%) and were similar between instructor groups at six months (P = 0.91). The teachers' willingness to teach BLS to students was mildly positive. However, the students were extremely positive towards learning and performing BLS. Conclusions A brief 2-hour CO-CPRAED intervention by trained teachers was noninferior to healthcare instructors and it was associated with students' very positive attitudes towards CPR, and retention of knowledge and BLS skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Yeung Yeung
- Accident and Emergency Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Kit Ying So
- Accident and Emergency Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Helen Hoi Ting Cheung
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Pik Yi Hou
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hiu Fai Ko
- Accident and Emergency Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Lai DWL, Ou X, Lee VWP, Yan ECW, Li JJ, Liu EH, Yu W. Exposure to Violence in Social Unrest, Resilience, and Mental Health of Older People in Hong Kong. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:1091-1099. [PMID: 37821299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Older adults are prone to the negative effects of exposure to violence on their mental health. This study aimed to examine the impact of exposure to violence during social unrest and the role of resilience in the mental health of older people. DESIGN A total of 1,203 people aged 65 years or older were randomly selected for a telephone survey using the random digit dialing numbering method in Hong Kong. MEASUREMENTS A 13-item scale was developed to measure exposure to violence. The Chinese versions of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Startle, Physiological Arousal, Anger, and Numbness scales for measuring mental health status were adopted in the survey. RESULTS The results showed that the more frequently older people were exposed to information, the more negative mental health status they had. However, exposure to witnessing and experiencing violence was not significantly associated with mental health status. Older adults' level of resilience had a moderating effect between exposure to information and mental health, whereas the effect of exposure to information on mental health was stronger for respondents with lower resilience. CONCLUSION This study showed that emotional problems caused by exposure to related information among older people should be properly addressed during massive social unrest and conflict. Their resilience capacity is an important moderating factor. Future interventions and support services should focus on enhancing the resilience of older people to better equip them with overcoming problems related to macro-social issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W L Lai
- Faculty of Social Sciences (DWLL, EHL), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoting Ou
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health (XO), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Vincent W P Lee
- Department of Social Work (VWPL, WY), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elsie C W Yan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences (ECWY), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jessica J Li
- Department of Social Work (JJL), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Emma H Liu
- Faculty of Social Sciences (DWLL, EHL), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenqing Yu
- Department of Social Work (VWPL, WY), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang K, Lam TWL, Ma ATH, Fok L, Cheung LTO. Recreational specialization and the marine-based conservation behaviour intention of recreational divers in Hong Kong. Sci Total Environ 2023; 899:165664. [PMID: 37481089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
This study examined divers' recreational specialization, pro-environmental attitudes, and marine-based conservation behaviour intentions. A questionnaire-based data collection approach was used to survey 398 divers who visited popular diving sites in Hong Kong by employing structural equation modelling to determine the potential relationships among the proposed variables. The results showed a statistically positive relationship between divers' recreational specialization and their pro-environmental attitudes, along with a statistically valid relationship between divers' recreational specialization and their marine-based conservation behaviour intentions. However, divers' pro-environmental attitudes were not statistically significant with their marine-based conservation behaviour intentions; thus, the discrepancy regarding different research findings between the current and previous studies was further discussed. In particular, our findings confirmed that recreational specialization could be a reliable predictor of divers' pro-environmental attitudes and marine-based conservation behaviour intentions to fill the research gaps regarding scuba diving-based nature tourism in Hong Kong. Consequently, management implications and recommendations were presented in accordance with the development of marine environmental conservation and sustainable scuba diving tourism in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Social Sciences, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Theresa W L Lam
- Department of Social Sciences, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Anson T H Ma
- Department of Social Sciences, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Lincoln Fok
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Lewis T O Cheung
- York Business School, York St. John University, Lord Mayor's Walk, York YO31 7EX, UK.
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Yang Q, Cheng H, Qin J, Loke AY, Ngai FW, Chong KC, Zhang D, Gao Y, Wang HH, Liu Z, Hao C, Xie YJ. A Machine Learning-Based Preclinical Osteoporosis Screening Tool (POST): Model Development and Validation Study. JMIR Aging 2023; 6:e46791. [PMID: 37986117 PMCID: PMC10686208 DOI: 10.2196/46791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying persons with a high risk of developing osteoporosis and preventing the occurrence of the first fracture is a health care priority. Most existing osteoporosis screening tools have high sensitivity but relatively low specificity. Objective We aimed to develop an easily accessible and high-performance preclinical risk screening tool for osteoporosis using a machine learning-based method among the Hong Kong Chinese population. Methods Participants aged 45 years or older were enrolled from 6 clinics in the 3 major districts of Hong Kong. The potential risk factors for osteoporosis were collected through a validated, self-administered questionnaire and then filtered using a machine learning-based method. Bone mineral density was measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the clinics; osteoporosis was defined as a t score of -2.5 or lower. We constructed machine learning models, including gradient boosting machines, support vector machines, and naive Bayes, as well as the commonly used logistic regression models, for the prediction of osteoporosis. The best-performing model was chosen as the final tool, named the Preclinical Osteoporosis Screening Tool (POST). Model performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and other metrics. Results Among the 800 participants enrolled in this study, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 10.6% (n=85). The machine learning-based Boruta algorithm identified 15 significantly important predictors from the 113 potential risk factors. Seven variables were further selected based on their accessibility and convenience for daily self-assessment and health care practice, including age, gender, education level, decreased body height, BMI, number of teeth lost, and the intake of vitamin D supplements, to construct the POST. The AUC of the POST was 0.86 and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were all 0.83. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1-score were 0.41, 0.98, and 0.56, respectively. Conclusions The machine learning-based POST was conveniently accessible and exhibited accurate discriminative capabilities for the prediction of osteoporosis; it might be useful to guide population-based preclinical screening of osteoporosis and clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Yang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huilin Cheng
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Qin
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice Yuen Loke
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fei Wan Ngai
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Chun Chong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dexing Zhang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Harry Haoxiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaomin Liu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Hao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat‑Sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Jie Xie
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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He AJ, Qian J, Chan WS, Chou KL. Willingness to Purchase Hypothetical Private Long-Term Care Insurance Plans in a Super-ageing Society: Evidence from Hong Kong. J Aging Soc Policy 2023; 35:780-805. [PMID: 36914374 DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2023.2182084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the soaring demand for long-term care (LTC) services in aging societies, dedicated risk-pooling mechanisms are largely absent. Private insurance has been advocated but the market remains small. This study seeks to unravel this paradox through an empirical study in Hong Kong, a super-aging society. We analyzed middle-aged individuals' willingness to purchase hypothetical private LTC insurance plans derived from a discrete choice experiment. A survey was conducted in 2020 and sampled 1,105 respondents. We noted a fairly encouraging level of acceptance but also found clear barriers toward potential purchase. The desire for self-sufficiency and preference for formal care powerfully increased individuals' interest. Cognitive difficulty, habitual adherence to out-of-pocket payment, and unfamiliarity with the LTC insurance market reduced such interest. We explained the results with reference to the changing social dynamics and drew policy implications for LTC reforms in Hong Kong and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Jingwei He
- Division of Public Policy, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiwei Qian
- East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, The Republic of Singapore
| | - Wai-Sum Chan
- Department of Finance, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kee-Lee Chou
- Department of Asian and Policy Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Wong JC, Chiang V, Lam DL, Lee E, Lam K, Au EY, Li PH. Long-term prophylaxis for hereditary angioedema: Initial experiences with garadacimab and lanadelumab. J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob 2023; 2:100166. [PMID: 38024849 PMCID: PMC10679768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background With no approved long-term prophylaxis (LTP) for the prevention of hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks in Hong Kong, patients rely on compassionate use programs and drug trials. Moreover, studies regarding the use and efficacy of LTP in Asia are lacking. Objectives Our aim was to assess 2 LTP medications for HAE in Hong Kong: lanadelumab and garadacimab. Methods A prospective study was performed. Adult patients with a diagnosis of type I or type II HAE with 1 or more expert-confirmed attacks per month were consecutively recruited. The patients had been receiving treatment for at least 6 months. Clinical data were obtained, and questionnaires were administered before treatment periodically for at least 6 months following initiation of LTP. Results Almost one-third of the patients with HAE experienced frequent attacks and began receiving LTP (8 of the 11 received garadacimab and 3 of the 11 received lanadelumab). At baseline, the time-normalized number of HAE attacks was 2.5 plus or minus 1.3 per month. At month 6, there was an overall reduction of time-normalized number of attacks per month of -2.4 attacks per month (95% CI = -3.3 to -1.5. [P < .01]). The time-normalized number of HAE attacks at month 6 was 0.1 plus or minus 0.1 per month. More than 70% of the patients (8 of 11) were completely attack-free during the 6-month period while receiving LTP, and no patients required hospitalization. LTP improved patients' scores of the Angioedema Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (P < .001) and reduced activity impairment due to health (P = .008). Patients experienced significant improvement across all dimensions of the Treatment Satisfaction for Medication Questionnaire (54.5%-76.8% [P = .002]), and no adverse events were reported. Conclusion The patients receiving LTP with garadacimab and lanadelumab experienced a significant reduction in number of HAE attacks and improvement in quality of life, and they were satisfied with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane C.Y. Wong
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Valerie Chiang
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Dorothy L.Y. Lam
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Elaine Lee
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ki Lam
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Elaine Y.L. Au
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Philip H. Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Nath LC, Elliott A, La Gerche A, Weir J, Forbes G, Thomas G, Franklin S. Associations between postrace atrial fibrillation and measures of performance, racing history and airway disease in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:2573-2583. [PMID: 37740606 PMCID: PMC10658555 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common performance limiting arrhythmia in racehorses. High dose exercise and airway disease promote AF in humans. Few studies have investigated epidemiological factors associated with AF in horses. OBJECTIVES Explore variables relating to performance, exercise volume and postrace endoscopic findings in horses with AF. ANIMALS A total of 164 horses with poor race performance and postrace AF were compared to 321 horses with poor performance without AF (PP) and 314 horses performing to expectation (TE). METHODS Horse-level and race-level variables for horses racing in Australia and Hong Kong from 2009 to 2021 were compared using univariable and multivariable logistic regression. Postrace endoscopic exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) and tracheal mucus accumulation (TMA) grades for AF and PP horses were compared using chi-squared analysis. RESULTS Variables that were significant in the multivariable model of AF compared to TE were distance (lengths) behind the winner, (odds ratio [OR]; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.41 [1.32-1.51], P < .0001), cumulative prize money per start before the event (OR [95% CI] 1.02 [1.01-1.03], P = .01) and age (OR [95% CI] 0.72 [0.55-0.92], P = .01). More AF horses had EIPH grade ≥ 3 (23/109; 21.1%) than PP horses (7/213; 3.3%; OR [95%CI] 7.9 [3.3-20.2], P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Acute race performance was substantially impaired by AF but career earnings before the event were not inferior. Exercise volume did not promote AF. Higher grades of EIPH found in AF horses suggests a mechanistic relationship between these conditions.
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Wei DJ, Li HJ, Lyu ZP, Lyu AP, Bian ZX, Ld Zhong L. A clinical pathway for integrative medicine in the treatment of functional constipation in Hong Kong, China. J Integr Med 2023; 21:550-560. [PMID: 37989695 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional constipation (FC) is a common intestinal disease worldwide. Despite the presence of criteria such as Roman IV, there is no standardized diagnosis and treatment algorithm in Hong Kong that combines both Western and Chinese medicine approaches. This study integrates current effective and safe diagnosis and treatment methods for FC and provides a clear and scientific pathway for clinical professionals and patients. METHODS A systematic search of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was performed from their inception to June 30th, 2022, collecting the current evidence about the efficacious integrative management for FC. We organized a meeting of professionals in fields relevant to treatment and management of FC to develop a consensus agreement on clinical pathway process. RESULTS We developed a clinical pathway for the treatment of FC based on the most recent published guidelines and consultation with experts. This pathway includes a hierarchy of recommendations for every step of the clinical process, including clinical intake, diagnostic examination, recommended labs, diagnostic flowchart, and guidance for selection of therapeutic drugs. CONCLUSION This pathway establishes clinical standards for the diagnosis and treatment of FC using Chinese medicine and Western medicine; it will help to provide high-quality medical services in Hong Kong for patients with FC. Please cite this article as: Wei DJ, Li HJ, Lyu ZP, Lyu AP, Bian ZX, Zhong LL. A clinical pathway for integrative medicine in the treatment of functional constipation in Hong Kong, China. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(6): 550-560.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jue Wei
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui-Juan Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zi-Pan Lyu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - Ai-Ping Lyu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Linda Ld Zhong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore.
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Datu JAD, Lee ASY, Chung KKH. Leveraging technology for pre-service teachers' well-being: The effectiveness of a multicomponent positive psychology intervention in pre-service preschool teachers in Hong Kong. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:1446-1471. [PMID: 37062927 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Effective teacher training programs entail cultivating not only professional teaching competencies but also promoting psychological strengths. However, there is a lack of investigation into how different modes of delivering psychological interventions influence well-being outcomes in the teaching profession, such as preschool educators. This study examines the effects of different technologically driven modes of implementing a PROSPER-based psychological intervention on positivity, relationship, outcome, strengths, purpose, engagement, and resilience. One hundred twenty-eight pre-service preschool teachers were randomly assigned to (1) the full intervention (i.e., online workshop and smartphone app); (2) the online workshop; (3) the smartphone app; and (4) the wait-list control group. The results demonstrated that the online workshop mode yielded the strongest intervention effects on well-being outcomes: positivity, purpose, engagement, and resilience. Although the smartphone app mode did not significantly improve psychological outcomes, combining this approach with the online workshop format appeared to have positive retention effects on positivity at the Time 3 follow-up. The findings suggest that the traditional mode of implementing positive psychological interventions could be more effective than the smartphone app-based mode in bolstering pre-service teachers' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Alfonso Daep Datu
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - Alfred S Y Lee
- Centre for Child and Family Science, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - Kevin Kien Hoa Chung
- Centre for Child and Family Science, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
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Cheung MK, Ng RWY, Lai CKC, Zhu C, Au ETK, Yau JWK, Li C, Wong HC, Wong BCK, Kwok KO, Chen Z, Chan PKS, Lui GCY, Ip M. Alterations in faecal microbiome and resistome in Chinese international travellers: a metagenomic analysis. J Travel Med 2023; 30:taad027. [PMID: 36864573 PMCID: PMC10628765 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND International travel increases the risk of acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Previous studies have characterized the changes in the gut microbiome and resistome of Western travellers; however, information on non-Western populations and the effects of travel-related risk factors on the gut microbiome and resistome remains limited. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational study on a cohort of 90 healthy Chinese adult residents of Hong Kong. We characterized the microbiome and resistome in stools collected from the subjects before and after travelling to diverse international locations using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and examined their associations with travel-related variables. RESULTS Our results showed that travel neither significantly changed the taxonomic composition of the faecal microbiota nor altered the alpha (Shannon) or beta diversity of the faecal microbiome or resistome. However, travel significantly increased the number of ARGs. Ten ARGs, including aadA, TEM, mgrB, mphA, qnrS9 and tetR, were significantly enriched in relative abundance after travel, eight of which were detected in metagenomic bins belonging to Escherichia/Shigella flexneri in the post-trip samples. In sum, 30 ARGs significantly increased in prevalence after travel, with the largest changes observed in tetD and a few qnrS variants (qnrS9, qnrS and qnrS8). We found that travel to low- or middle-income countries, or Africa or Southeast Asia, increased the number of ARG subtypes, whereas travel to low- or middle-income countries and the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS) or doxycycline as antimalarial prophylaxis during travel resulted in increased changes in the beta diversity of the faecal resistome. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights travel to low- or middle-income countries, Africa or Southeast Asia, a long travel duration, or the use of ABHS or doxycycline as antimalarial prophylaxis as important risk factors for the acquisition/enrichment of ARGs during international travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Kit Cheung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Rita W Y Ng
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Christopher K C Lai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chendi Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Eva T K Au
- University Health Service, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jennifer W K Yau
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Carmen Li
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ho Cheong Wong
- University Health Service, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Bonnie C K Wong
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kin On Kwok
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zigui Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Paul K S Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Grace C Y Lui
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Chan AHY, Ngu SF, Lau LSK, Tsun OKL, Ngan HYS, Cheung ANY, Chan KKL. Evaluation of an Isothermal Amplification HPV Assay on Self-Collected Vaginal Samples as Compared to Clinician-Collected Cervical Samples. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3297. [PMID: 37958193 PMCID: PMC10647996 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13213297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the concordance of HPV results between the SentisTM HPV assay (Sentis) (BGI Group, Shenzhen, China), an isothermal amplification-based HPV assay, on self-collected and clinician-collected samples and the agreement of Sentis on self-collected samples with the BD OnclarityTM HPV assay (Onclarity) (Becton, Dickinson, and Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA), a PCR-based HPV assay, on clinician-collected samples. This was a prospective study of 104 women attending the colposcopy clinic for abnormal smears. After informed consent, participants self-collected vaginal samples before having clinician-collected cervical samples. Self-collected samples underwent HPV testing with Sentis (Self-Sentis HPV) and clinician-collected samples were tested with Sentis (Clinician-Sentis HPV) and Onclarity (Clinician-Onclarity), which was used as a reference standard. The concordance was assessed using Cohen's kappa. The prevalence of HPV and the acceptability of self-sampling were also evaluated. The concordance rate between Self-Sentis HPV and Clinician-Sentis HPV was 89.8% with a kappa of 0.769. The concordance rate between Self-Sentis HPV and Clinician-Onclarity was 84.4% with a kappa of 0.643. The prevalence of HPV was 26.0% on Clinician-Onclarity, 29.3% on Clinician-Sentis HPV, and 35.6% on Self-Sentis HPV. Overall, 65% of participants would undergo self-sampling again. This was attributed to mainly not feeling embarrassed (68%) and being convenient (58%). Our study showed a substantial agreement between Self-Sentis HPV with Clinician-Sentis HPV and Clinician-Onclarity. Self-sampling was also shown to be a generally well-accepted method of screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H. Y. Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (A.H.Y.C.); (L.S.K.L.); (H.Y.S.N.); (K.K.L.C.)
| | - Siew-Fei Ngu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (A.H.Y.C.); (L.S.K.L.); (H.Y.S.N.); (K.K.L.C.)
| | - Lesley S. K. Lau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (A.H.Y.C.); (L.S.K.L.); (H.Y.S.N.); (K.K.L.C.)
| | - Obe K. L. Tsun
- Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (O.K.L.T.); (A.N.Y.C.)
| | - Hextan Y. S. Ngan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (A.H.Y.C.); (L.S.K.L.); (H.Y.S.N.); (K.K.L.C.)
| | - Annie N. Y. Cheung
- Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (O.K.L.T.); (A.N.Y.C.)
| | - Karen K. L. Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (A.H.Y.C.); (L.S.K.L.); (H.Y.S.N.); (K.K.L.C.)
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