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Brzobohatá H, Bejdová Š, Černíková A, Velímský F, Frolík J, Velemínský P. Dental health status of the medieval silver-mining community from Kutná Hora (Czech Republic, 13th-16th c.): Impact of socioeconomic changes and mortality crises. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 161:105913. [PMID: 38382163 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the pathological conditions in teeth from skeletal remains found in the medieval burial ground at Kutná Hora (13th-16th centuries, Czech Republic). We focused on the effect on dental health of socioeconomic changes associated with the boom in silver mining at the site. DESIGN In this study, dental caries and antemortem tooth loss were recorded for 469 sexed adults (10,558 permanent teeth). Pathologies were analysed and presented by teeth and alveoli, and the differences between their frequencies were tested in sex-, age-, and burial context-separated groups (mass vs. individual graves). RESULTS The oral conditions were characterised by a low frequency of caries and moderate frequency of antemortem tooth loss (AMTL). For caries, males and females showed the same frequencies while AMTL comparisons indicated a higher rate in females. Most differences emerged between age-separated and burial context-separated groups. The age progression of the pathologies was confirmed for both caries and AMTL. Skeletons from mass burials had higher caries and AMTL frequencies than those buried in individual graves. CONCLUSIONS The dataset exhibited low caries and below average AMTL rates compared to other medieval European skeletal series. We think that life in this mining centre had a positive effect on the dental health of its inhabitants. The relatively poorer dental health of those buried in mass graves reflected either the specific composition of the population in the first half of the 14th century or the lower resilience of these individuals when facing mortality crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Brzobohatá
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Letenská 4, 118 01 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Šárka Bejdová
- Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Černíková
- Institute of Applied Mathematics and Information Technologies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Velímský
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Letenská 4, 118 01 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frolík
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Letenská 4, 118 01 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Velemínský
- Department of Anthropology, National Museum Prague, Václavské náměstí 68, 115 79 Prague, Czech Republic
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Zajdel RA, Patterson EJ. Does the immigrant health advantage extend to incarcerated immigrants? SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101620. [PMID: 38361524 PMCID: PMC10867572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
•Existing immigrant health research does not include institutionalized populations.•The immigrant health advantage does not extend to all incarcerated immigrant groups.•Differences in health exist by race/ethnicity, U.S. citizenship, and health outcome.•The incarcerated immigrant population has unique health profiles and needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Zajdel
- Department of Sociology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Evelyn J. Patterson
- Department of Sociology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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Sheftel MG, Heiland FW. The Role of Place of Birth and Residence in Puerto Rican Health Disparities: Evidence From Disability Prevalence Among Archipelago- Vs. Mainland-Born Puerto Ricans. J Aging Health 2024; 36:67-84. [PMID: 37115825 PMCID: PMC10693743 DOI: 10.1177/08982643231172643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This paper provides new estimates of disability prevalence for the archipelago and mainland-residing Puerto Rican populations ages 40 and above and compares disability by place of birth and place of residence to investigate drivers of middle and older age health. Methods: Large nationally representative samples from 2013 to 2017 American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey data are used to estimate age-specific disability prevalence for archipelago-born/archipelago-residing, archipelago-born/mainland-residing, mainland-born/mainland-residing Puerto Ricans. Results: Mainland-born/mainland-residing Puerto Ricans have the lowest age-adjusted disability rates and archipelago-born/archipelago-residing Puerto Ricans have the highest rates. Differences in education explain part of this disparity. Discussion: Similarities in disability prevalence are strongest based on where one was born as opposed to current residence, pointing to early life as a critical period in the disablement process for later-life health. Early life socio-economic disadvantage on the archipelago may have an enduring impact on later-life disability prevalence for archipelago-born Puerto Ricans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Getz Sheftel
- Population Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park¸ PA, USA
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Zajdel RA. Divergent Immigrant Health Trajectories: Disparities in Physical Health Using a Multidimensional Conceptualization of Legal Status. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/01979183221149021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Immigrant health research demonstrates that foreign-born individuals generally experience lower morbidity rates relative to native-born individuals. However, this research often overlooks structural factors that influence the immigrant experience, such as legal status. The present study examines legal status as a multidimensional and dynamic characteristic that shapes immigrant health over time. I use two waves of the New Immigrant Survey (n = 3550) to assess if three dimensions of legal status — initial documentation classification, legal permanent residence (LPR) admission category, and US citizenship — predict likelihoods of reporting a chronic condition among a sample of immigrants who attained LPR. Results indicate that each of the three dimensions of legal status predicted health. Immigrants who obtained US citizenship improved their relative health over time, while immigrants with previous temporarily documented, undocumented, legalization, or refugee experience exhibited persistent disadvantage in the hierarchy of immigrant health. Findings demonstrate that the sociopolitical context continually shapes the physical health of immigrants, and a dynamic and multidimensional conceptualization of legal status can expose previously obscured disparities in the overarching pattern of an immigrant health advantage.
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Zheng H, Yu WH. Do Immigrants' Health Advantages Remain After Unemployment? Variations by Race-Ethnicity and Gender. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES 2022; 78:691-716. [PMID: 36278121 PMCID: PMC9580995 DOI: 10.1111/josi.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Immigrants tend to display more favorable health outcomes than native-born co-ethnics. At the same time, they face considerable employment instability. It is unclear whether immigrants' job conditions may compromise their health advantage. Using U.S. National Health Interview Survey data, this study shows that the experience of unemployment reduces immigrants' health advantage, but unemployed foreign-born Blacks, White women, and Asian women still have lower mortality rates than their native-born employed counterparts. Overall, unemployment is less detrimental to immigrants than to natives, and immigrants' "survival advantage after unemployment" persists as their duration of residence extends. We further find substantial heterogeneity in the unemployment effect within immigrants. Asian immigrants display a much sharper gender difference in the mortality consequence of unemployment than other immigrants. Asian men's worse general health and substantially higher smoking rate, especially among the unemployed, lead them to fare much worse than Asian women following unemployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zheng
- The Ohio State University, Department of Sociology, 1885 Neil Ave Mall, 106 Townshend Hall, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Wei-Hsin Yu
- Department of Sociology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Chang R, Li C, Qi H, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Birth and Health Outcomes of Children Migrating With Parents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:810150. [PMID: 35911841 PMCID: PMC9326113 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.810150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the birth and health outcomes of children migrating with parents internationally and domestically, and to identify whether the healthy migration effect exist in migrant children. Methods Five electronic databases were searched for cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies published from January 1, 2000 to January 30, 2021and written by English language, reporting the risk of health outcomes of migrant children (e.g., birth outcome, nutrition, physical health, mental health, death, and substance use) We excluded studies in which participants' age more than 18 years, or participants were forced migration due to armed conflict or disasters, or when the comparators were not native-born residents. Pooled odd ratio (OR) was calculated using random-effects models. Results Our research identified 10,404 records, of which 98 studies were retrained for analysis. The majority of the included studies (89, 91%) focused on international migration and 9 (9%) on migration within country. Compared with native children, migrant children had increased risks of malnutrition [OR 1.26 (95% CI 1.11-1.44)], poor physical health [OR 1.34 (95% CI 1.11-1.61)], mental disorder [OR 1.24 (95% CI 1.00-1.52)], and death [OR 1.11 (95% CI 1.01-1.21)], while had a lower risk of adverse birth outcome [OR 0.92 (95% CI 0.87-0.97)]. The difference of substance use risk was not found between the two groups. Conclusion Migrant children had increased risk of adverse health outcomes. No obvious evidence was observed regarding healthy migration effect among migrant children. Actions are required to address the health inequity among these populations. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#myprospero, identifier: CRD42021214115.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jianduan Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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İLERİ A, ATA C, İLERİ H, YILDIRIM KARACA S, ŞENKAYA AR. Suriyeli mülteci ve türk kadınlarının perinatal eğilimleri ve obstetrik sonuçları. EGE TIP DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.1127397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The impact of migration on health is far-reaching, making migrant populations particularly vulnerable, fueling health inequalities and resulting in serious implications for global health. The aim of our study to assess antenatal care, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of Syrian refugee women in Turkiye.
Material and Methods: Syrian and Turkish pregnants who delivered between 2013-2019 were recruited and categorized into groups according to maternal age at delivery. First trimester combined test, second trimester triple test, preterm delivery, maternal anemia; neonatal stillbirth, APGAR scores, birth weight and breastfeeding status were assessed.
Results: 4992 Syrian and 6846 Turkish pregnants were included. Maternal anemia was higher in Turkish patients in 20-34 and ≥35 groups. First trimester combined test, APGAR scores and birth weights were lower in Syrian women. Preterm rates higher in Turkish patients in only 20-34 age group. Second-trimester triplet tests were only higher in Turkish women in ≥35 age group. Low birth weight was higher in younger Syrian patients. Satisfying breastfeeding results were found in Syrian women.
Conclusion: Our study stated that Syrian women are at risk of low birth weight in adolescent and 20-34 age groups and low rates in first trimester combined test in all age groups. However decreased risk of pregnancy complications such as maternal anemia, preterm delivery, cesarean delivery and satisfying breastfeeding results were found in Syrian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper İLERİ
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Can ATA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Demokrasi Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Hande İLERİ
- Family Medicine, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Suna YILDIRIM KARACA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Ayşe Rabia ŞENKAYA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir Bakircay University Cigli Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye
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Garza N, Chorney SR, Kou YF, Johnson RF. Impact of Language and Ethnicity on Pediatric Tracheostomy Outcomes. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 166:1038-1044. [PMID: 35077244 DOI: 10.1177/01945998211071020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare outcomes after tracheostomy between children from Spanish- and English-speaking families. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary care children's hospital. METHODS All children <18 years of age who had a tracheostomy placed between 2014 and 2020 were included. Comorbidities and postsurgical outcomes were compared between (1) children whose families preferred speaking Spanish or identified as Hispanic/Latino and (2) children from English-language or non-Hispanic families. RESULTS A total of 339 children met inclusion, with 11% (37/339) from families identifying Spanish as their primary language and 33% (112/339) identifying as Hispanic. Spanish-speaking families were more likely to have tracheostomy-dependent children with cardiac conditions (65% vs 42%, P = .008) and high complexity (72% vs 49%, P = .007). Outcomes were similar regardless of language preference, with 45% (153/339) still tracheostomy dependent, 28% (94/339) decannulated, and 6.8% (23/339) deceased at a median follow-up of 1.77 years (interquartile range, 0.65-3.43). Severe neurocognitive disabilities were similar between Spanish- and English-language families (P > .05). Spanish language was not associated with times to decannulation or death in univariate or multiple regression models. A sensitivity analysis of self-identified Hispanic or Latino patients did not show significant differences for time to decannulation, death, or neurocognitive disability rates (P > .05). CONCLUSION Spanish language and Hispanic ethnicity appear to have minimal impact on pediatric tracheostomy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Garza
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen R Chorney
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yann-Fuu Kou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Romaine F Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Baluran DA, Patterson EJ. Examining Ethnic Variation in Life Expectancy Among Asians in the United States, 2012-2016. Demography 2021; 58:1631-1654. [PMID: 34477822 DOI: 10.1215/00703370-9429449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
As the fastest growing racial group in the United States, understanding the health patterns of Asians is important to addressing health gaps in American society. Most studies have not considered the unique experiences of the ethnic groups contained in the Asian racial group, implying that Asians have a shared story. However, we should expect differences between the ethnic groups given the differences in their timing and place of migration, socioeconomic status, and racialized experiences in the United States. We estimate the life expectancy of the six largest Asian ethnic groups-Chinese, Asian Indians, Filipinos, Vietnamese, Koreans, and Japanese-analyzing data from the Multiple Cause of Death File (2012-2016) and the American Community Survey (2012-2016) in the United States at the national and regional levels. Nationally, Chinese had the highest life expectancy (males e0 = 86.8; females e0 = 91.3), followed by Asian Indians, Koreans, Japanese, Filipinos, and Vietnamese, generally reflecting the pattern expected given their educational attainment, our primary indicator of socioeconomic status. We also found regional differences in life expectancy, where life expectancy for Asians in the West was significantly lower than all other regions. These findings suggest the presence of underlying selection effects associated with settlement patterns among new and traditional destinations. Our results underline the necessity of studying the experiences of the different Asian ethnic groups in the United States, permitting a better assessment of the varying health needs within this diverse racial group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwin A Baluran
- Department of Sociology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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10
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Johnson RF, Brown CM, Beams DR, Wang CS, Shah GB, Mitchell RB, Chorney SR. Racial Influences on Pediatric Tracheostomy Outcomes. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:1118-1124. [PMID: 34478158 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine the impact of race on outcomes after pediatric tracheostomy. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS A case series of tracheostomies at an urban, tertiary care children's hospital between 2014 and 2019 was conducted. Children were grouped by race to compare neurocognition, mortality, and decannulation rate. RESULTS A total of 445 children with a median age at tracheostomy of 0.46 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.97) years were studied. The cohort was 32% Hispanic, 31% White, 30% Black, 2.9% Asian, and 4.3% other race. Black compared to White children had a lower median birth weight (2,022 vs. 2,449 g, P = .005), were more often extremely premature (≤28 weeks gestation: 62% vs. 57%, P = .007), and more frequently had bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (35% vs. 17%, P = .002). Hispanic compared to Black children had higher median birth weight (2,529 g, P < .001), less extreme prematurity (44%, P < .001), and less BPD (21%, P = .04). The proportion of Black children was higher (30% vs. 19%, P < .001), while the proportion of Hispanic children with a tracheostomy was lower (32% vs. 42%, P = .003) compared to the racial distribution of all pediatric admissions. Racial differences were not seen for rates of severe neurocognitive disability (P = .51), decannulation (P = .17), or death (P = .92) after controlling for age, sex, prematurity, and ventilator dependence. CONCLUSION Black children disproportionately underwent tracheostomy and had a higher comorbidity burden than White or Hispanic children. Hispanic children had proportionally fewer tracheostomies. Neurocognitive ability, decannulation, and mortality were similar for all races implying that health disparities by race may not change long-term outcomes after pediatric tracheostomy. Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romaine F Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Clarice M Brown
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A
| | - Dylan R Beams
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Cynthia S Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Gopi B Shah
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Ron B Mitchell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Stephen R Chorney
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
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BA D, BA S, MD M. What the World Needs Now: Lifestyle Medicine for All Women. Am J Lifestyle Med 2021; 17:97-107. [PMID: 36636386 PMCID: PMC9830235 DOI: 10.1177/15598276211028101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several centuries, economic progress has allowed millions of women to move from rural subsistence agriculture to urban, more economically prosperous lifestyles. This trend is set to continue, even accelerate in the next century. Due to changes in diet, activity, and lifestyle, non-communicable diseases, such as cancer and heart disease, will continue to rise for women globally. At this time, we are uniquely positioned to anticipate this impact and empower women in both the developed and the developing world to learn from what has worked. Choosing the best approaches to nutrition, exercise, sleep, connectedness, substances, and stress can optimize women's health span across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - McHugh MD
- John McHugh, The Keck School of Medicine,
University of Southern California, 3334 E. Coast Highway #708 Corona del Mar, CA
92625, USA; e-mail:
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Daundasekara SS, O’Connor DP, Berger Cardoso J, Ledoux T, Hernandez DC. Risk of Excess and Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain among Hispanic Women: Effects of Immigration Generational Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186452. [PMID: 32899746 PMCID: PMC7560227 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a dearth of information on the risk of inadequate and excess gestational weight gain (GWG) among different generations of Hispanic women in the United States. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand the relationship of GWG and immigration across three generations of Hispanic women. The study was conducted using data from National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79). The study sample included 580 (unweighted count) women (148 first-generation, 117 second-generation, and 315 third-/higher-generation). Sociodemographic and immigration data were extracted from the main NLSY79 survey, and pregnancy data were extracted from the child/young adult survey following the biological children born to women in NLSY79. Covariate adjusted weighted logistic regression models were conducted to assess the risk of inadequate and excess GWG among the groups. Average total GWG was 14.98 kg, 23% had inadequate GWG, and 50% had excess GWG. After controlling for the covariates, there was no difference in the risk of inadequate GWG between the three generations. First-generation women (OR = 0.47, p = 0.039) and third-/higher-generation women (OR = 0.39, p = 0.004) had significantly lower risk of excess GWG compared to second-generation women. It is important to recognize the generational status of Hispanic women as a risk factor for excess GWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajeevika S. Daundasekara
- Department of Health & Human Performance, The University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (S.S.D.); (D.P.O.); (T.L.)
| | - Daniel P. O’Connor
- Department of Health & Human Performance, The University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (S.S.D.); (D.P.O.); (T.L.)
- HEALTH Research Institute, The University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Jodi Berger Cardoso
- Graduate College of Social Work, The University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
| | - Tracey Ledoux
- Department of Health & Human Performance, The University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (S.S.D.); (D.P.O.); (T.L.)
| | - Daphne C. Hernandez
- Department of Research, Cizik School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +713-500-2052
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Santos-Lozada AR, Howard JT. Re: Excess Death Estimates in Puerto Rico have been Consistent all Along. Epidemiology 2019; 30:e35-e36. [PMID: 31469697 PMCID: PMC6768695 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis R Santos-Lozada
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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Hamilton TG, Green TL. From the West Indies to Africa: A universal generational decline in health among blacks in the United States. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2018; 73:163-174. [PMID: 29793684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Research shows that foreign-born blacks have better health profiles than their U.S.-born counterparts. Less is known, however, regarding whether black immigrants' favorable health outcomes persist across generations or whether these patterns differ across the diverse sending regions for black immigrants. In this study, we use data from the 1996-2014 waves of the March Current Population Survey (CPS) to investigate generational differences in self-rated health among blacks with West Indian, Haitian, Latin American, and African ancestry. We show that first-generation black immigrants have a lower probability of reporting fair/poor health than third/higher generation blacks. The health advantage of the first generation over the third/higher generation is slightly more prounced among the foreign-born who migrated to the United States after age 13. Second-generation immigrants with two foreign-born parents are generally less likely to report their health as fair/poor than the third/higher generation. However, we find no evidence that self-reported fair/poor health varies between second-generation immigrants with mixed nativity parents (only one foreign-born parent) and the third/higher generation. These general patterns hold across each of the ancestral subgroups in the study sample. In summary, our findings highlight a remarkable convergence in health across immigrant generations among blacks in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tod G Hamilton
- Department of Sociology and Office of Population Research, Princeton University, United States.
| | - Tiffany L Green
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, United States
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Hunter LM, Simon DH. Might Climate Change the "Healthy Migrant" Effect? GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE : HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS 2017; 47:133-142. [PMID: 29430082 PMCID: PMC5802421 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lori M Hunter
- University of Colorado Boulder, Institute of Behavioral Science, CU Population Center, Department of Sociology, Campus Box UCB 483, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Daniel H Simon
- University of Colorado Boulder, Institute of Behavioral Science, CU Population Center, Department of Sociology, Campus Box UCB 483, Boulder, CO 80309
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Riosmena F, Kuhn R, Jochem WC. Explaining the Immigrant Health Advantage: Self-selection and Protection in Health-Related Factors Among Five Major National-Origin Immigrant Groups in the United States. Demography 2017; 54:175-200. [PMID: 28092071 PMCID: PMC5316478 DOI: 10.1007/s13524-016-0542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite being newcomers, immigrants often exhibit better health relative to native-born populations in industrialized societies. We extend prior efforts to identify whether self-selection and/or protection explain this advantage. We examine migrant height and smoking levels just prior to immigration to test for self-selection; and we analyze smoking behavior since immigration, controlling for self-selection, to assess protection. We study individuals aged 20-49 from five major national origins: India, China, the Philippines, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic. To assess self-selection, we compare migrants, interviewed in the National Health and Interview Surveys (NHIS), with nonmigrant peers in sending nations, interviewed in the World Health Surveys. To test for protection, we contrast migrants' changes in smoking since immigration with two counterfactuals: (1) rates that immigrants would have exhibited had they adopted the behavior of U.S.-born non-Hispanic whites in the NHIS (full "assimilation"); and (2) rates that migrants would have had if they had adopted the rates of nonmigrants in sending countries (no-migration scenario). We find statistically significant and substantial self-selection, particularly among men from both higher-skilled (Indians and Filipinos in height, Chinese in smoking) and lower-skilled (Mexican) undocumented pools. We also find significant and substantial protection in smoking among immigrant groups with stronger relative social capital (Mexicans and Dominicans).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Riosmena
- Population Program and Geography Department, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1440 15th Street, 483 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| | - Randall Kuhn
- UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Department of Community Health Sciences and the California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Warren C Jochem
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Camacho-Rivera M, Kawachi I, Bennett GG, Subramanian SV. Revisiting the Hispanic health paradox: the relative contributions of nativity, country of origin, and race/ethnicity to childhood asthma. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 17:826-33. [PMID: 24380929 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between race and Hispanic ethnicity, maternal and child nativity, country of origin and asthma among 2,558 non-Hispanic white and Hispanic children across 65 Los Angeles neighborhoods. A series of two-level multilevel models were estimated to examine the independent effects of race, ethnicity, and country of origin on childhood asthma. Lifetime asthma prevalence was reported among 9% of children, with no significant differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites overall. However, in fully adjusted models, Hispanic children of non-Mexican origin reported higher odds of asthma compared to non-Hispanic white children. A protective nativity effect was also observed among children of foreign born mothers compared to US born mothers. Our study provides evidence in support of the heterogeneity of childhood asthma by Hispanic ethnicity and maternal nativity. These findings suggest moving beyond solely considering racial/ethnic classifications which could mask subgroups at increased risk of childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Camacho-Rivera
- Department of Population Health, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, 175 Community Drive, Room 233, Great Neck, NY, 11021, USA,
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Hamilton TG. The healthy immigrant (migrant) effect: In search of a better native-born comparison group. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2015; 54:353-65. [PMID: 26463553 PMCID: PMC4947228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper evaluates whether immigrants' initial health advantage over their U.S.-born counterparts results primarily from characteristics correlated with their birth countries (e.g., immigrant culture) or from selective migration (e.g., unobserved characteristics such as motivation and ambition) by comparing recent immigrants' health to that of recent U.S.-born interstate migrants ("U.S.-born movers"). Using data from the 1999-2013 waves of the March Current Population Survey, I find that, relative to U.S.-born adults (collectively), recent immigrants have a 6.1 percentage point lower probability of reporting their health as fair or poor. Changing the reference group to U.S.-born movers, however, reduces the recent immigrant health advantage by 28%. Similar reductions in the immigrant health advantage occurs in models estimated separately by either race/ethnicity or education level. Models that examine health differences between recent immigrants and U.S.-born movers who both moved for a new job-a primary motivation behind moving for both immigrants and the U.S.-born-show that such immigrants have only a 1.9 percentage point lower probability of reporting their health as fair or poor. Together, the findings suggest that changing the reference group from U.S.-born adults collectively to U.S.-born movers reduces the identified immigrant health advantage, indicating that selective migration plays a significant role in explaining the initial health advantage of immigrants in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tod G Hamilton
- Princeton University, Department of Sociology, Office of Population Research, United States.
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Tunstall H, Mitchell R, Pearce J, Shortt N. The general and mental health of movers to more- and less-disadvantaged socio-economic and physical environments within the UK. Soc Sci Med 2014; 118:97-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Riosmena F, Wong R, Palloni A. Migration selection, protection, and acculturation in health: a binational perspective on older adults. Demography 2013. [PMID: 23192395 DOI: 10.1007/s13524-012-0178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we test for four potential explanations of the Hispanic Health Paradox (HHP): the "salmon bias," emigration selection, and sociocultural protection originating in either destination or sending country. To reduce biases related to attrition by return migration typical of most U.S.-based surveys, we combine data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study in Mexico and the U.S. National Health Interview Survey to compare self-reported diabetes, hypertension, current smoking, obesity, and self-rated health among Mexican-born men ages 50 and older according to their previous U.S. migration experience, and U.S.-born Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. We also use height, a measure of health during childhood, to bolster some of our tests. We find an immigrant advantage relative to non-Hispanic whites in hypertension and, to a lesser extent, obesity. We find evidence consistent with emigration selection and the salmon bias in height, hypertension, and self-rated health among immigrants with less than 15 years of experience in the United States; we do not find conclusive evidence consistent with sociocultural protection mechanisms. Finally, we illustrate that although ignoring return migrants when testing for the HHP and its mechanisms, as well as for the association between U.S. experience and health, exaggerates these associations, they are not fully driven by return migration-related attrition.
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Scelza BA. The place of proximity: social support in mother-adult daughter relationships. HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE 2012; 22:108-27. [PMID: 22388803 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-011-9112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The mother-adult daughter relationship has been highlighted in both the social sciences and the public health literature as an important facet of social support networks, particularly as they pertain to maternal and child health. Evolutionary anthropologists also have shown positive associations between support from maternal grandmothers and various outcomes related to reproductive success; however, many of these studies rely on proximity as a surrogate measure of support. Here I present data from the Puerto Rican Maternal and Infant Health Survey (PRMIHS) comparing geographic proximity of mother and daughter with a self-reported measure of mother-to-daughter support. These two measures were used to predict infant health outcomes as well as various measures of instrumental and emotional aid provided during pregnancy and after birth. Primary support was shown to have a positive effect across the analyses, whereas geographic proximity was associated with an increased risk of infant mortality and low birth weight as well as reduced odds of receiving support. This paradox was then examined using a combination variable that teased out the interactions of maternal support and proximity. Women who were geographically close to their mothers but who did not consider them a primary source of support had increased odds of infant death and low birth weight, and were less likely to receive either tangible or intangible forms of aid, while women whose mothers were both close and primary showed uniformly positive outcomes. These results place the role of propinquity within the larger context of social support and highlight the need for more detailed studies of social support within evolutionary anthropology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke A Scelza
- UCLA Department of Anthropology, 341 Haines Hall, Box 951553, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1553, USA.
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Li Q, Keith LG. The differential association between education and infant mortality by nativity status of Chinese American mothers: a life-course perspective. Am J Public Health 2011; 101:899-908. [PMID: 21088264 PMCID: PMC3076416 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2009.186916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Integrating evidence from demography and epidemiology, we investigated whether the association between maternal achieved status (education) and infant mortality differed by maternal place of origin (nativity) over the life course of Chinese Americans. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study of singleton live births to US-resident Chinese American mothers using National Center for Health Statistics 1995 to 2000 linked live birth and infant death cohort files. We categorized mothers by nativity (US born [n = 15 040] or foreign born [n = 150 620]) and education (≥ 16 years, 13-15 years, or ≤ 12 years), forming 6 life-course trajectories. We performed Cox proportional hazards regressions of infant mortality. RESULTS We found significant nativity-by-education interaction via stratified analyses and testing interaction terms (P < .03) and substantial differentials in infant mortality across divergent maternal life-course trajectories. Low education was more detrimental for the US born, with the highest risk among US-born mothers with 12 years or less of education (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.39; 95% confidence interval = 1.33, 4.27). CONCLUSIONS Maternal nativity and education synergistically affect infant mortality among Chinese Americans, suggesting the importance of searching for potential mechanisms over the maternal life course and targeting identified high-risk groups and potential downward mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Center for Social Medicine and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35205, USA.
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Pearce JR, Dorling D. The Influence of Selective Migration Patterns Among Smokers and Nonsmokers on Geographical Inequalities in Health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00045601003595537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Shen YM, See LC, Lin SR. Birth weight among singletons born to foreign-born mothers in Taiwan: a population-based birth register study. J Epidemiol 2009; 19:152-60. [PMID: 19398850 PMCID: PMC3924140 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20080096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared the birth weight of newborns born to foreign-born mothers (FBMs) and Taiwan-born mothers (TBMs), using data from the 2005-2006 Taiwan Birth Registry of singleton live births. METHODS The Wilcox-Russell method, data restriction, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. The rates of low birth weight (<2500 g) with 95% confidence intervals were computed for TBMs, and for each of the nationalities of FBMs. RESULTS The mean birth weight of newborns of FBMs was 3157 g, which was higher than that of newborns of TBMs (3109 g). On analysis using the Wilcox-Russell method, both the rate and residual proportion of low-birth-weight (LBW) births were lower among newborns of FBMs (4.1% and 1.1%, respectively) than among newborns of TBMs (5.9% and 1.7%, respectively). After adjusting for sex, mode of delivery, maternal age, smoking status, predisposing maternal risk factors, and condition during pregnancy, the newborns of FBMs weighed 72.9 g (95% CI, 68.8 g to 77.0 g) more than the newborns of TBMs. When data were restricted to mothers without any adverse conditions and adjusted for maternal age, the differences in birth weight between the 2 groups remained unchanged. The rates of LBW deliveries among FBMs in Taiwan were significantly lower than those in their respective countries of origin. CONCLUSIONS In Taiwan, newborns of FBMs had a higher birth weight than those of TBMs, even after accounting for potential confounding factors, and had lower rates of LBW deliveries than did mothers in their respective countries of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Shen
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, Department of Public Health, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Frankenfield DL, Krishnan SM, Ashby VB, Shearon TH, Rocco MV, Saran R. Differences in mortality among Mexican-American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-American dialysis patients in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis 2009; 53:647-57. [PMID: 19150157 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hispanic ethnic group is heterogeneous, with distinct genetic, cultural, and socioeconomic characteristics, but most prior studies of patients with end-stage renal disease focus on the overall Hispanic ethnic group without further granularity. We examined survival differences among Mexican-American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-American dialysis patients in the United States. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS Data from individuals randomly selected for the End-Stage Renal Disease Clinical Performance Measures Project (2001 to 2005) were examined. Mexican-American (n = 2,742), Puerto Rican (n = 838), Cuban-American (n = 145), and Hispanic-other dialysis patients (n = 942) were compared with each other and with non-Hispanic (n = 33,076) dialysis patients in the United States. PREDICTORS Patient characteristics of interest included ethnicity/race, comorbidities, and specific available laboratory values. OUTCOMES The major outcome of interest was mortality. RESULTS In the fully adjusted multivariable model, 2-year mortality risk was significantly lower for the Mexican-American and Hispanic-other groups compared with non-Hispanics (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.73 to 0.85; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.71 to 0.92, respectively). Differences in 2-year mortality rates within the Hispanic ethnic groups were statistically significant (P = 0.004) and ranged from 21% lower mortality in Mexican Americans to 3% higher mortality in Puerto Ricans compared with non-Hispanics. LIMITATIONS Include those inherent to an observational study, potential ethnic group misclassification, and small sample sizes for some Hispanic subgroups. CONCLUSION Mexican-American and Hispanic-other dialysis patients have a survival advantage compared with non-Hispanics. Furthermore, Mexican Americans, Cuban Americans, and Hispanic others had a survival advantage compared with their Puerto Rican counterparts. Future research should continue to examine subgroups within Hispanic ethnicity to understand underlying reasons for observed differences that may be masked by examining the Hispanic ethnic group as only a single entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane L Frankenfield
- Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Office of Research, Development and Information, Baltimore, MD, USA
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