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Mascaro-Cordeiro B, Oliveira ID, Tesser-Gamba F, Pavon LF, Saba-Silva N, Cavalheiro S, Dastoli P, Toledo SRC. Valproic acid treatment response in vitro is determined by TP53 status in medulloblastoma. Childs Nerv Syst 2018; 34:1497-1509. [PMID: 29785653 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-018-3817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Histone deacetylate inhibitors (HDACi), as valproic acid (VA), have been reported to enhance efficacy and to prevent drug resistance in some tumors, including medulloblastoma (MB). In the present study, we investigated VA role, combined to cisplatin (CDDP) in cell viability and gene expression of MB cell lines. METHODS Dose-response curve determined IC50 values for each treatment: (1) VA single, (2) CDDP single, and (3) VA and CDDP combined. Cytotoxicity and flow cytometry evaluated cell viability after exposure to treatments. Quantitative PCR evaluated gene expression levels of AKT, CTNNB1, GLI1, KDM6A, KDM6B, NOTCH2, PTCH1, and TERT, before and after treatment. Besides, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) for PTCH1, TERT, and TP53 genes. RESULTS The most effective treatment to reduce viability was combined for D283MED and ONS-76; and CDDP single for DAOY cells (p < 0.0001). TERT, GLI1, and AKT genes were overexpressed after treatments with VA. D283MED and ONS-76 cells presented variants in TERT and PTCH1, respectively and DAOY cell line presented a TP53 mutation. CONCLUSIONS MB tumors belonging to SHH molecular subgroup, with TP53MUT, would be the ones that present high risk in relation to VA use during the treatment, while TP53WT MBs can benefit from VA therapy, both SHH and groups 3 and 4. Our study shows a new perspective about VA action in medulloblastoma cells, raising the possibility that VA may act in different patterns. According to the genetic background of MB cell, VA can stimulate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis or induce resistance to treatment via signaling pathways activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Mascaro-Cordeiro
- Pediatrics Oncology Institute-GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e à Criança com Câncer) /UNIFESP (Federal University of Sao Paulo), Rua Botucatu, 743, Floor 8 - Genetics Laboratory, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 04023-062, Brazil.,Department of Morphology and Genetics, Division of Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Indhira Dias Oliveira
- Pediatrics Oncology Institute-GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e à Criança com Câncer) /UNIFESP (Federal University of Sao Paulo), Rua Botucatu, 743, Floor 8 - Genetics Laboratory, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Francine Tesser-Gamba
- Pediatrics Oncology Institute-GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e à Criança com Câncer) /UNIFESP (Federal University of Sao Paulo), Rua Botucatu, 743, Floor 8 - Genetics Laboratory, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Lorena Favaro Pavon
- Departament of Neurology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nasjla Saba-Silva
- Pediatrics Oncology Institute-GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e à Criança com Câncer) /UNIFESP (Federal University of Sao Paulo), Rua Botucatu, 743, Floor 8 - Genetics Laboratory, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Sergio Cavalheiro
- Pediatrics Oncology Institute-GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e à Criança com Câncer) /UNIFESP (Federal University of Sao Paulo), Rua Botucatu, 743, Floor 8 - Genetics Laboratory, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 04023-062, Brazil.,Departament of Neurology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Dastoli
- Pediatrics Oncology Institute-GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e à Criança com Câncer) /UNIFESP (Federal University of Sao Paulo), Rua Botucatu, 743, Floor 8 - Genetics Laboratory, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Caminada Toledo
- Pediatrics Oncology Institute-GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e à Criança com Câncer) /UNIFESP (Federal University of Sao Paulo), Rua Botucatu, 743, Floor 8 - Genetics Laboratory, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code 04023-062, Brazil. .,Department of Morphology and Genetics, Division of Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Integrated Proteomic and Transcriptomic-Based Approaches to Identifying Signature Biomarkers and Pathways for Elucidation of Daoy and UW228 Subtypes. Proteomes 2017; 5:proteomes5010005. [PMID: 28248256 PMCID: PMC5372226 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes5010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Patient survival has remained largely the same for the past 20 years, with therapies causing significant health, cognitive, behavioral and developmental complications for those who survive the tumor. In this study, we profiled the total transcriptome and proteome of two established MB cell lines, Daoy and UW228, using high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and label-free nano-LC-MS/MS-based quantitative proteomics, coupled with advanced pathway analysis. While Daoy has been suggested to belong to the sonic hedgehog (SHH) subtype, the exact UW228 subtype is not yet clearly established. Thus, a goal of this study was to identify protein markers and pathways that would help elucidate their subtype classification. A number of differentially expressed genes and proteins, including a number of adhesion, cytoskeletal and signaling molecules, were observed between the two cell lines. While several cancer-associated genes/proteins exhibited similar expression across the two cell lines, upregulation of a number of signature proteins and enrichment of key components of SHH and WNT signaling pathways were uniquely observed in Daoy and UW228, respectively. The novel information on differentially expressed genes/proteins and enriched pathways provide insights into the biology of MB, which could help elucidate their subtype classification.
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Ivanov DP, Coyle B, Walker DA, Grabowska AM. In vitro models of medulloblastoma: Choosing the right tool for the job. J Biotechnol 2016; 236:10-25. [PMID: 27498314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The recently-defined four molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma have required updating of our understanding of in vitro models to include molecular classification and risk stratification features from clinical practice. This review seeks to build a more comprehensive picture of the in vitro systems available for modelling medulloblastoma. The subtype classification and molecular characterisation for over 40 medulloblastoma cell-lines has been compiled, making it possible to identify the strengths and weaknesses in current model systems. Less than half (18/44) of established medulloblastoma cell-lines have been subgrouped. The majority of the subgrouped cell-lines (11/18) are Group 3 with MYC-amplification. SHH cell-lines are the next most common (4/18), half of which exhibit TP53 mutation. WNT and Group 4 subgroups, accounting for 50% of patients, remain underrepresented with 1 and 2 cell-lines respectively. In vitro modelling relies not only on incorporating appropriate tumour cells, but also on using systems with the relevant tissue architecture and phenotype as well as normal tissues. Novel ways of improving the clinical relevance of in vitro models are reviewed, focusing on 3D cell culture, extracellular matrix, co-cultures with normal cells and organotypic slices. This paper champions the establishment of a collaborative online-database and linked cell-bank to catalyse preclinical medulloblastoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delyan P Ivanov
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Cancer Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Beth Coyle
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - David A Walker
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Cancer Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Ashour AE, Jamal S, Cheryan VT, Muthu M, Zoheir KMA, Alafeefy AM, Abd-Allah AR, Levi E, Tarca AL, Polin LA, Rishi AK. CARP-1 functional mimetics: a novel class of small molecule inhibitors of medulloblastoma cell growth. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66733. [PMID: 23826121 PMCID: PMC3691183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastomas (MBs) constitute an aggressive class of intracranial pediatric tumors. Current multimodality treatments for MBs include surgery, ionizing radiation, and chemotherapy. Toxic side effects of therapies coupled with high incidence of recurrence and the metastatic spread warrant development of more effective, less toxic therapies for this disease. CARP-1/CCAR1 is a peri-nuclear phospho-protein that is a co-activator of the cell cycle regulatory anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) E3 ligase. CARP-1 functional mimetics (CFMs) are a novel class of small molecule compounds that interfere with CARP-1 binding with APC/C subunit APC-2, and suppress growth of a variety of cancer cells in part by promoting apoptosis. Here we investigated MB growth inhibitory potential of the CFMs and found that CFM-4 inhibits growth of MB cells in part by inducing CARP-1 expression, promoting PARP cleavage, activating pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK) p38 and JNK, and apoptosis. Gene-array-based analysis of the CFM-4-treated Daoy MB cells indicated down-regulation of a number of key cell growth and metastasis-promoting genes including cell motility regulating small GTP binding protein p21Rac1, and extracellular matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-10. Moreover, CFM-4 treatment stimulated expression of a number of molecules such as neurotrophin (NTF)3, and NF-κB signaling inhibitors ABIN1 and 2 proteins. Overexpression of NTF3 resulted in reduced MB cell viability while knock-down of NTF3 interfered with CFM-4-dependent loss of viability. CFMs also attenuated biological properties of the MB cells by blocking their abilities to migrate, form colonies in suspension, and invade through the matrix-coated membranes. Together our data support anti-MB properties of CFM-4, and provide a proof-of-concept basis for further development of CFMs as potential anti-cancer agents for MBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader E. Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Jamal
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Vino T. Cheryan
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Magesh Muthu
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Khairy M. A. Zoheir
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Cell Biology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Alafeefy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel R. Abd-Allah
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Edi Levi
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. Polin
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Arun K. Rishi
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zanini C, Ercole E, Mandili G, Salaroli R, Poli A, Renna C, Papa V, Cenacchi G, Forni M. Medullospheres from DAOY, UW228 and ONS-76 cells: increased stem cell population and proteomic modifications. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63748. [PMID: 23717474 PMCID: PMC3663798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medulloblastoma (MB) is an aggressive pediatric tumor of the Central Nervous System (CNS) usually treated according to a refined risk stratification. The study of cancer stem cells (CSC) in MB is a promising approach aimed at finding new treatment strategies. Methodology/Principal Findings The CSC compartment was studied in three characterized MB cell lines (DAOY, UW228 and ONS-76) grown in standard adhesion as well as being grown as spheres, which enables expansion of the CSC population. MB cell lines, grown in adherence and as spheres, were subjected to morphologic analysis at the light and electron microscopic level, as well as cytofluorimetric determinations. Medullospheres (MBS) were shown to express increasingly immature features, along with the stem cells markers: CD133, Nestin and β-catenin. Proteomic analysis highlighted the differences between MB cell lines, demonstrating a unique protein profile for each cell line, and minor differences when grown as spheres. In MBS, MALDI-TOF also identified some proteins, that have been linked to tumor progression and resistance, such as Nucleophosmin (NPM). In addition, immunocytochemistry detected Sox-2 as a stemness marker of MBS, as well as confirming high NPM expression. Conclusions/Significance Culture conditioning based on low attachment flasks and specialized medium may provide new data on the staminal compartment of CNS tumors, although a proteomic profile of CSC is still elusive for MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zanini
- EuroClone S.p.A Research Laboratory, Molecular Biotechnology Centre-MBC, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Gutova M, Shackleford GM, Khankaldyyan V, Herrmann KA, Shi XH, Mittelholtz K, Abramyants Y, Blanchard MS, Kim SU, Annala AJ, Najbauer J, Synold TW, D'Apuzzo M, Barish ME, Moats RA, Aboody KS. Neural stem cell-mediated CE/CPT-11 enzyme/prodrug therapy in transgenic mouse model of intracerebellar medulloblastoma. Gene Ther 2012; 20:143-50. [PMID: 22402322 PMCID: PMC4149468 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2012.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a heterogeneous diffuse neoplasm that can be highly disseminated, and is the most common malignant childhood brain tumor. Although multimodal treatments have improved survival rates for patients with medulloblastoma, these tumors are associated with high morbidity and mortality. New treatment strategies are urgently needed to improve cure rates and, importantly, to spare normal brain tissue from neurotoxicity and patients from life-long cognitive and functional deficits associated with current therapies. In numerous preclinical brain tumor models, neural stem cells (NSCs) have shown great promise as delivery vehicles for therapeutic genes. Here, we have used an established, genetically modified human NSC line (HB1.F3.CD) to deliver carboxylesterase (CE) to cerebellar tumor foci and locally activate the prodrug CPT-11 (Irinotecan) to the potent topoisomerase I inhibitor SN-38. HB1.F3.CD NSC tumor tropism, intratumoral distribution and therapeutic efficacy were investigated in clinically relevant experimental models. Magnetic resonance imaging was used for in vivo tracking of iron nanoparticle-labeled NSCs, and to assess the therapeutic efficacy of CE-expressing HB1.F3.CD cells. As compared to controls, a significant decrease in tumor growth rate was seen in mice that received both NSCs and CPT-11 as their treatment regimen. Thus, this study provides proof-of-concept for NSC-mediated CE/CPT-11 treatment of medulloblastoma, and serves as a foundation for further studies toward potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gutova
- Department of Neurosciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010-3000, USA.
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