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Hesham D, Mosaab A, Amer N, Al-Shehaby N, Magdeldin S, Hassan A, Georgiev H, Elshoky H, Rady M, Aisha KA, Sabet O, El-Naggar S. Epigenetic silencing of ZIC4 unveils a potential tumor suppressor role in pediatric choroid plexus carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21293. [PMID: 39266576 PMCID: PMC11393135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Zic family member ZIC4 is a transcription factor that has been shown to be silenced in several cancers. However, understanding the regulation and function of ZIC4 in pediatric choroid plexus tumors (CPTs) remained limited. This study employed data mining and bioinformatics analysis to investigate the DNA methylation status of ZIC4 in CPTs and its correlation with patient survival. Our results unveiled ZIC4 methylation as a segregating factor, dividing CPT cohorts into two clusters, with hyper-methylation linked to adverse prognosis. Hyper-methylation of ZIC4 was confirmed in a choroid plexus carcinoma-derived cell line (CCHE-45) by bisulfite sequencing. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that demethylating agent and a histone methyltransferase inhibitor could reverse ZIC4 silencing. RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis showed that ZIC4 over-expression influenced genes and proteins involved in immune response, antigen processing and presentation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and metabolism. Functionally, re-expressing ZIC4 negatively impacted cell proliferation and migration. Ultimately, these findings underscore ZIC4 hyper-methylation as a prognostic marker in CPTs and shed light on potential mechanisms underlying its tumor suppressor role in CPC. This insight paves the way for novel therapeutic targets in treating aggressive CPTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Hesham
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital in Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
- Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Mosaab
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital in Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada Amer
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital in Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
- Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nouran Al-Shehaby
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital in Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hassan
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hristo Georgiev
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hisham Elshoky
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital in Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Rady
- Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Biotechnology, German International University, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abou Aisha
- Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Sabet
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital in Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
- Division of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shahenda El-Naggar
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital in Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt.
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Amer N, Hesham D, Al-Shehaby N, Elshoky HA, Amer M, Magdeldin S, Mansour M, Abou-Aisha K, El-Naggar S. LC3A-mediated autophagy elicits PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 axis activation and mitochondrial dysfunction: Exposing vulnerability in aggresome-positive cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107398. [PMID: 38777145 PMCID: PMC11227016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response pathways (UPR), autophagy, and compartmentalization of misfolded proteins into inclusion bodies are critical components of the protein quality control network. Among inclusion bodies, aggresomes are particularly intriguing due to their association with cellular survival, drug resistance, and aggresive cancer behavior. Aggresomes are molecular condensates formed when collapsed vimentin cages encircle misfolded proteins before final removal by autophagy. Yet significant gaps persist in the mechanisms governing aggresome formation and elimination in cancer cells. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial, especially considering the involvement of LC3A, a member of the MAP1LC3 family, which plays a unique role in autophagy regulation and has been reported to be epigenetically silenced in many cancers. Herein, we utilized the tetracycline-inducible expression of LC3A to investigate its role in choroid plexus carcinoma cells, which inherently exhibit the presence of aggresomes. Live cell imaging was employed to demonstrate the effect of LC3A expression on aggresome-positive cells, while SILAC-based proteomics identified LC3A-induced protein and pathway alterations. Our findings demonstrated that extended expression of LC3A is associated with cellular senescence. However, the obstruction of lysosomal degradation in this context has a deleterious effect on cellular viability. In response to LC3A-induced autophagy, we observed significant alterations in mitochondrial morphology, reflected by mitochondrial dysfunction and increased ROS production. Furthermore, LC3A expression elicited the activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 axis of the UPR, underscoring a significant change in the protein quality control network. In conclusion, our results elucidate that LC3A-mediated autophagy alters the protein quality control network, exposing a vulnerability in aggresome-positive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Amer
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Hesham
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nouran Al-Shehaby
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Elshoky
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May Amer
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Manar Mansour
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abou-Aisha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahenda El-Naggar
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt.
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Zhang X, Tan J, Zhang X, Pandey K, Zhong Y, Wu G, He K. Aggrephagy-related gene signature correlates with survival and tumor-associated macrophages in glioma: Insights from single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2024; 21:2407-2431. [PMID: 38454689 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2024106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggrephagy is a lysosome-dependent process that degrades misfolded protein condensates to maintain cancer cell homeostasis. Despite its importance in cellular protein quality control, the role of aggrephagy in glioma remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of aggrephagy-related genes (ARGs) in glioma and in different cell types of gliomas and to develop an ARGs-based prognostic signature to predict the prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy response of gliomas. METHODS ARGs were identified by searching the Reactome database. We developed the ARGs-based prognostic signature (ARPS) using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 669) by Lasso-Cox regression. We validated the robustness of the signature in clinical subgroups and CGGA cohorts (n = 970). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to identify the pathways enriched in ARPS subgroups. The correlations between ARGs and macrophages were also investigated at single cell level. RESULTS A total of 44 ARGs showed heterogeneous expression among different cell types of gliomas. Five ARGs (HSF1, DYNC1H1, DYNLL2, TUBB6, TUBA1C) were identified to develop ARPS, an independent prognostic factor. GSEA showed gene sets of patients with high-ARPS were mostly enriched in cell cycle, DNA replication, and immune-related pathways. High-ARPS subgroup had higher immune cell infiltration states, particularly macrophages, Treg cells, and neutrophils. APRS had positive association with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and immunotherapy response predictors. At the single cell level, we found ARGs correlated with macrophage development and identified ARGs-mediated macrophage subtypes with distinct communication characteristics with tumor cells. VIM+ macrophages were identified as pro-inflammatory and had higher interactions with malignant cells. CONCLUSION We identified a novel signature based on ARGs for predicting glioma prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy response. We highlight the ARGs-mediated macrophages in glioma exhibit classical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Yuqing Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guitao Wu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kejun He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Hesham D, On J, Alshahaby N, Amer N, Magdeldin S, Okada M, Tsukamoto Y, Hiraishi T, Imai C, Okuda S, Wakai T, Kakita A, Oishi M, El-Naggar S, Natsumeda M. Multi-omics analyses of choroid plexus carcinoma cell lines reveal potential targetable pathways and alterations. J Neurooncol 2024; 166:27-38. [PMID: 38190092 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) are extremely rare brain tumors and carry a dismal prognosis. Treatment options are limited and there is an urgent need to develop models to further research. In the present study, we established two CPC cell lines and performed multi-omics analyses. These cell lines serve as valuable models to propose new treatments in these rare but deadly brain tumors. METHODS Multi-omic profiling including, (i) methylation array (EPIC 850 K), (ii) whole genome sequencing (WGS), (iii) CANCERPLEX cancer genome panel testing, (iv) RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and (v) proteomics analyses were performed in CCHE-45 and NGT131 cell lines. RESULTS Both cell lines were classified as methylation class B. Both harbored pathogenic TP53 point mutations; CCHE-45 additionally displayed TP53 loss. Furthermore, alterations of the NOTCH and WNT pathways were also detected in both cell lines. Two protein-coding gene fusions, BZW2-URGCP, and CTTNBP2-ERBB4, mutations of two oncodrivers, GBP-4 and KRTAP-12-2, and several copy number alterations were observed in CCHE-45, but not NGT131. Transcriptome and proteome analysis identified shared and unique signatures, suggesting that variability in choroid plexus carcinoma tumors may exist. The discovered difference's importance and implications highlight the possible diversity of choroid plexus carcinoma and call for additional research to fully understand disease pathogenesis. CONCLUSION Multi-omics analyses revealed that the two choroid plexus carcinoma cell lines shared TP53 mutations and other common pathway alterations and activation of NOTCH and WNT pathways. Noticeable differences were also observed. These cell lines can serve as valuable models to propose new treatments in these rare but deadly brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Hesham
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jotaro On
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Nouran Alshahaby
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada Amer
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Masayasu Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Chihaya Imai
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
- Medical AI Center, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Makoto Oishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Shahenda El-Naggar
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan.
- Advanced Treatment of Neurological Diseases Branch, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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Christie J, Anthony CM, Harish M, Mudartha D, Ud Din Farooqee SB, Venkatraman P. The interaction network of the proteasome assembly chaperone PSMD9 regulates proteostasis. FEBS J 2023; 290:5581-5604. [PMID: 37665644 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Functional networks in cells are created by physical, genetic, and regulatory interactions. Mapping them and annotating their functions by available methods remains a challenge. We use affinity purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS) coupled with SLiMFinder to discern such a network involving 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 (PSMD9), a chaperone of proteasome assembly. Approximately 20% of proteins within the PSMD9 interactome carry a short linear motif (SLiM) of the type 'EXKK'. The binding of purified PSMD9 with the peptide sequence ERKK, proteins heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1 (hnRNPA2B1; containing ERKK), and peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6; containing EAKK) provided proof of principle for this motif-driven network. The EXKK motif in the peptide primarily interacts with the coiled-coil N domain of PSMD9, a unique interaction not reported for any coiled-coil domain. PSMD9 knockout (KO) HEK293 cells experience endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and respond by increasing the unfolded protein response (UPR) and reducing the formation of aggresomes and lipid droplets. Trans-expression of PSMD9 in the KO cells rescues lipid droplet formation. Overexpression of PSMD9 in HEK293 cells results in reduced UPR, and increased lipid droplet and aggresome formation. The outcome argues for the prominent role of PSMD9 in maintaining proteostasis. Probable mechanisms involve the binding of PSMD9 to binding immunoglobulin protein (BIP/GRP78; containing EDKK), an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone and key regulator of the UPR, and fatty acid synthase (FASN; containing ELKK), involved in fatty acid synthesis/lipid biogenesis. We propose that PSMD9 acts as a buffer in the cellular milieu by moderating the UPR and enhancing aggresome formation to reduce stress-induced proteotoxicity. Akin to waves created in ponds that perpetuate to a distance, perturbing the levels of PSMD9 would cause ripples down the networks, affecting final reactions in the pathway, one of which is altered proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Christie
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - C Merlyn Anthony
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Mahalakshmi Harish
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Deepti Mudartha
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sheikh Burhan Ud Din Farooqee
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Prasanna Venkatraman
- Protein Interactome Lab for Structural and Functional Biology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Hwang HJ, Park TL, Kim HI, Park Y, Kim G, Song C, Cho WK, Kim YK. YTHDF2 facilitates aggresome formation via UPF1 in an m 6A-independent manner. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6248. [PMID: 37803021 PMCID: PMC10558514 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42015-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
YTHDF2 has been extensively studied and typified as an RNA-binding protein that specifically recognizes and destabilizes RNAs harboring N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal modification found in eukaryotic RNAs. In this study, we unravel the m6A-independent role of YTHDF2 in the formation of an aggresome, where cytoplasmic protein aggregates are selectively sequestered upon failure of protein homeostasis mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Downregulation of YTHDF2 in HeLa cells reduces the circularity of aggresomes and the rate of movement of misfolded polypeptides, inhibits aggresome formation, and thereby promotes cellular apoptosis. Mechanistically, YTHDF2 is recruited to a misfolded polypeptide-associated complex composed of UPF1, CTIF, eEF1A1, and DCTN1 through its interaction with UPF1. Subsequently, YTHDF2 increases the interaction between the dynein motor protein and the misfolded polypeptide-associated complex, facilitating the diffusion dynamics of the movement of misfolded polypeptides toward aggresomes. Therefore, our data reveal that YTHDF2 is a cellular factor involved in protein quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Lim Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-In Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonkyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunhee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chiyeol Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ki Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon Ki Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Disruption of GMNC-MCIDAS multiciliogenesis program is critical in choroid plexus carcinoma development. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1596-1610. [PMID: 35322202 PMCID: PMC9345885 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00950-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiciliated cells (MCCs) in the brain reside in the ependyma and the choroid plexus (CP) epithelia. The CP secretes cerebrospinal fluid that circulates within the ventricular system, driven by ependymal cilia movement. Tumors of the CP are rare primary brain neoplasms mostly found in children. CP tumors exist in three forms: CP papilloma (CPP), atypical CPP, and CP carcinoma (CPC). Though CPP and atypical CPP are generally benign and can be resolved by surgery, CPC is a particularly aggressive and little understood cancer with a poor survival rate and a tendency for recurrence and metastasis. In contrast to MCCs in the CP epithelia, CPCs in humans are characterized by solitary cilia, frequent TP53 mutations, and disturbances to multiciliogenesis program directed by the GMNC-MCIDAS transcriptional network. GMNC and MCIDAS are early transcriptional regulators of MCC fate differentiation in diverse tissues. Consistently, components of the GMNC-MCIDAS transcriptional program are expressed during CP development and required for multiciliation in the CP, while CPC driven by deletion of Trp53 and Rb1 in mice exhibits multiciliation defects consequent to deficiencies in the GMNC-MCIDAS program. Previous studies revealed that abnormal NOTCH pathway activation leads to CPP. Here we show that combined defects in NOTCH and Sonic Hedgehog signaling in mice generates tumors that are similar to CPC in humans. NOTCH-driven CP tumors are monociliated, and disruption of the NOTCH complex restores multiciliation and decreases tumor growth. NOTCH suppresses multiciliation in tumor cells by inhibiting the expression of GMNC and MCIDAS, while Gmnc-Mcidas overexpression rescues multiciliation defects and suppresses tumor cell proliferation. Taken together, these findings indicate that reactivation of the GMNC-MCIDAS multiciliogenesis program is critical for inhibiting tumorigenesis in the CP, and it may have therapeutic implications for the treatment of CPC.
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Browne-Farmer C, Hazrati LN, Mamatjan Y, Zadeh G, Dirks P, Rutka J, Malkin D, Bouffet E, Huang A, Tabori U, Ramaswamy V, Bartels U. Paediatric atypical choroid plexus papilloma: is adjuvant therapy necessary? J Neurooncol 2021; 155:63-70. [PMID: 34529227 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Choroid Plexus Tumours (CPTs) account for 1-4% of all brain tumours in children. Atypical choroid plexus papillomas (aCPPs) are a subset of these tumours, defined over a decade ago, yet no consensus exists on the optimal approach to their management. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients treated for CPTs at the Hospital for Sick Children between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2018, and focused on patients with aCPP. Data extracted from the patient records for analysis included: demographic and clinical features, radiological imaging, surgical and adjuvant therapies, key pathological features, immunohistochemical staining for TP53 and tumour karyotype. Six of seven aCPP samples were profiled using Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC arrays and the top 10,000 most variably methylated probes were visualized using tSNE. Copy number inferencing was also performed. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were diagnosed with CPT, seven of whom had a diagnosis of aCPP as confirmed by histological review. Methylation profiling demonstrated that aCPPs clustered with both choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) and choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs). Complete resection of the tumour was pursued in all cases of aCPP and no patient received adjuvant therapy. All aCPP patients were alive at last follow up. CONCLUSIONS This limited case series suggests that paediatric aCPP can be successfully managed with surgical resection alone, followed by a 'watch and wait' approach thus avoiding adjuvant therapies. A deeper understanding of the biology of aCPP is required to identify objective markers which can help provide robust risk stratification and inform treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantelle Browne-Farmer
- Division of Paediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Martindale's Road St. Michael, Bridgetown, Barbados.
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yasin Mamatjan
- MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Peter Dirks
- Division of Paediatric Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James Rutka
- Division of Paediatric Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Malkin
- Division of Paediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Paediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Annie Huang
- Division of Paediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Uri Tabori
- Division of Paediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- Division of Paediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ute Bartels
- Division of Paediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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