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Gugel A, Ingebretsen EA, Hake HS, Gantz SC. LC-derived excitatory synaptic transmission to dorsal raphe serotonin neurons is inhibited by activation of alpha2-adrenergic receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:1014-1023. [PMID: 38368493 PMCID: PMC11039657 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, noradrenaline transmission controls the degree to which we are awake, alert, and attentive. Aberrant noradrenaline transmission is associated with pathological forms of hyper- and hypo-arousal that present in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders often associated with dysfunction in serotonin transmission. In vivo, noradrenaline regulates the release of serotonin because noradrenergic input drives the serotonin neurons to fire action potentials via activation of excitatory α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-AR). Despite the critical influence of noradrenaline on the activity of dorsal raphe serotonin neurons, the source of noradrenergic afferents has not been resolved and the presynaptic mechanisms that regulate noradrenaline-dependent synaptic transmission have not been described. Using an acute brain slice preparation from male and female mice and electrophysiological recordings from dorsal raphe serotonin neurons, we found that selective optogenetic activation of locus coeruleus terminals in the dorsal raphe was sufficient to produce an α1-AR-mediated excitatory postsynaptic current (α1-AR-EPSC). Activation of inhibitory α2-adrenergic receptors (α2-AR) with UK-14,304 eliminated the α1-AR-EPSC via presynaptic inhibition of noradrenaline release, likely via inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels. In a subset of serotonin neurons, activation of postsynaptic α2-AR produced an outward current through activation of GIRK potassium conductance. Further, in vivo activation of α2-AR by systemic administration of clonidine reduced the expression of c-fos in the dorsal raphe serotonin neurons, indicating reduced neural activity. Thus, α2-AR are critical regulators of serotonin neuron excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleigha Gugel
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Erik A Ingebretsen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Holly S Hake
- National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Stephanie C Gantz
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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2
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Wroński A, Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. Protein adducts with lipid peroxidation products in patients with psoriasis. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102729. [PMID: 37150149 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, one of the most frequent immune-mediated skin diseases, is manifested by numerous psoriatic lessons on the skin caused by excessive proliferation and keratinization of epidermal cells. These disorders of keratinocyte metabolism are caused by a pathological interaction with the cells of the immune system, including lymphocytes, which in psoriasis are also responsible for systemic inflammation. This is accompanied by oxidative stress, which promotes the formation of lipid peroxidation products, including reactive aldehydes and isoprostanes, which are additional pro-inflammatory signaling molecules. Therefore, the presented review is focused on highlighting changes that occur during psoriasis development at the level of lipid peroxidation products, including 4-hydroxynonenal, 4-oxononenal, malondialdehyde, and acrolein, and their influence on protein structures. Furthermore, we will examine inducing agents of cellular functioning, as well as intercellular signaling. These lipid peroxidation products can form adducts with a variety of proteins with different functions in the body, including proteins within skin cells and cells of the immune system. This is especially true in autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis. For example, these changes concern proteins involved in maintaining redox homeostasis or pro-inflammatory signaling. Therefore, the formation of such adducts should attract attention, especially during the design of preventive cosmetics or anti-psoriasis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Wroński
- Dermatological Specialized Center "DERMAL" NZOZ in Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
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3
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Cassano T, Giamogante F, Calcagnini S, Romano A, Lavecchia AM, Inglese F, Paglia G, Bukke VN, Romano AD, Friuli M, Altieri F, Gaetani S. PDIA3 Expression Is Altered in the Limbic Brain Regions of Triple-Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033005. [PMID: 36769334 PMCID: PMC9918299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we used a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (3×Tg-AD mice) to longitudinally analyse the expression level of PDIA3, a protein disulfide isomerase and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone, in selected brain limbic areas strongly affected by AD-pathology (amygdala, entorhinal cortex, dorsal and ventral hippocampus). Our results suggest that, while in Non-Tg mice PDIA3 levels gradually reduce with aging in all brain regions analyzed, 3×Tg-AD mice showed an age-dependent increase in PDIA3 levels in the amygdala, entorhinal cortex, and ventral hippocampus. A significant reduction of PDIA3 was observed in 3×Tg-AD mice already at 6 months of age, as compared to age-matched Non-Tg mice. A comparative immunohistochemistry analysis performed on 3×Tg-AD mice at 6 (mild AD-like pathology) and 18 (severe AD-like pathology) months of age showed a direct correlation between the cellular level of Aβ and PDIA3 proteins in all the brain regions analysed, even if with different magnitudes. Additionally, an immunohistochemistry analysis showed the presence of PDIA3 in all post-mitotic neurons and astrocytes. Overall, altered PDIA3 levels appear to be age- and/or pathology-dependent, corroborating the ER chaperone's involvement in AD pathology, and supporting the PDIA3 protein as a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Flavia Giamogante
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Calcagnini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Michele Lavecchia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Inglese
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Paglia
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vidyasagar Naik Bukke
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonino Davide Romano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marzia Friuli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Altieri
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Markussen NB, Knopper RW, Hasselholt S, Skoven CS, Nyengaard JR, Østergaard L, Hansen B. Locus coeruleus ablation in mice: protocol optimization, stereology and behavioral impact. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1138624. [PMID: 37180952 PMCID: PMC10172584 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1138624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The Locus Coeruleus (LC) is in the brainstem and supplies key brain structures with noradrenaline, including the forebrain and hippocampus. The LC impacts specific behaviors such as anxiety, fear, and motivation, as well as physiological phenomena that impact brain functions in general, including sleep, blood flow regulation, and capillary permeability. Nevertheless, the short- and long-term consequences of LC dysfunction remain unclear. The LC is among the brain structures first affected in patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's Disease, hinting that LC dysfunction may play a central role in disease development and progression. Animal models with modified or disrupted LC function are essential to further our understanding of LC function in the normal brain, the consequences of LC dysfunction, and its putative roles in disease development. For this, well-characterized animal models of LC dysfunction are needed. Here, we establish the optimal dose of selective neurotoxin N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-bromo-benzylamine (DSP-4) for LC ablation. Using histology and stereology, we compare LC volume and neuron number in LC ablated (LCA) mice and controls to assess the efficacy of LC ablation with different numbers of DSP-4 injections. All LCA groups show a consistent decrease in LC cell count and LC volume. We then proceed to characterize the behavior of LCA mice using a light-dark box test, Barnes maze test, and non-invasive sleep-wakefulness monitoring. Behaviorally, LCA mice differ subtly from control mice, with LCA mice generally being more curious and less anxious compared to controls consistent with known LC function and projections. We note an interesting contrast in that control mice have varying LC size and neuron count but consistent behavior whereas LCA mice (as expected) have consistently sized LC but erratic behavior. Our study provides a thorough characterization of an LC ablation model, firmly consolidating it as a valid model system for the study of LC dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Bertin Markussen
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rasmus West Knopper
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Stine Hasselholt
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Stald Skoven
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Randel Nyengaard
- Center for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Brian Hansen
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Brian Hansen,
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Orssatto LBR, Borg DN, Blazevich AJ, Sakugawa RL, Shield AJ, Trajano GS. Intrinsic motoneuron excitability is reduced in soleus and tibialis anterior of older adults. GeroScience 2021; 43:2719-2735. [PMID: 34716899 PMCID: PMC8556797 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related deterioration within both motoneuron and monoaminergic systems should theoretically reduce neuromodulation by weakening motoneuronal persistent inward current (PIC) amplitude. However, this assumption remains untested. Surface electromyographic signals were collected using two 32-channel electrode matrices placed on soleus and tibialis anterior of 25 older adults (70 ± 4 years) and 17 young adults (29 ± 5 years) to investigate motor unit discharge behaviors. Participants performed triangular-shaped plantar and dorsiflexion contractions to 20% of maximum torque at a rise-decline rate of 2%/s of each participant's maximal torque. Pairwise and composite paired-motor unit analyses were adopted to calculate delta frequency (ΔF), which has been used to differentiate between the effects of synaptic excitation and intrinsic motoneuronal properties and is assumed to be proportional to PIC amplitude. Soleus and tibialis anterior motor units in older adults had lower ΔFs calculated with either the pairwise [-0.99 and -1.46 pps; -35.4 and -33.5%, respectively] or composite (-1.18 and -2.28 pps; -32.1 and -45.2%, respectively) methods. Their motor units also had lower peak discharge rates (-2.14 and -2.03 pps; -19.7 and -13.9%, respectively) and recruitment thresholds (-1.50 and -2.06% of maximum, respectively) than young adults. These results demonstrate reduced intrinsic motoneuron excitability during low-force contractions in older adults, likely mediated by decreases in the amplitude of persistent inward currents. Our findings might be explained by deterioration in the motoneuron or monoaminergic systems and could contribute to the decline in motor function during aging; these assumptions should be explicitly tested in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B. R. Orssatto
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - David N. Borg
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, The Hopkins Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Raphael L. Sakugawa
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Anthony J. Shield
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gabriel S. Trajano
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
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Kinnerup MB, Sommerauer M, Damholdt MF, Schaldemose JL, Ismail R, Terkelsen AJ, Stær K, Hansen A, Fedorova TD, Knudsen K, Skjærbæk C, Borghammer P, Pavese N, Brooks DJ, Nahimi A. Preserved noradrenergic function in Parkinson's disease patients with rest tremor. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 152:105295. [PMID: 33549722 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Noradrenergic neurotransmission may play an important role in tremor modulation through its innervation of key structures of the central tremor circuits. Here, Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with (PDT+) or without (PDT-) rest tremor had 11C-methylreboxetine(11C-MeNER) positron emission tomography (PET) to test the hypothesis that noradrenaline terminal function was relatively preserved in PDT+ compared to PDT-. METHODS Sixty-five PD patients and 28 healthy controls (HC) were scanned with 11C-MeNER PET. Patients were categorized as PDT+ if subscores in UPDRS-III item 3 or MDS-UPDRS-III item 17 was ≥2; remaining were categorized as PDT-. Simplified reference tissue model 2 distribution volume ratios (DVR) for 11C-MeNER were calculated for thalamus, dorsal and median raphe, locus coeruleus (LC) and red nucleus using time activity curves (TACs) obtained from volumes of interest (VOI). Data were statistically interrogated with a general linear mixed model using 'region', and 'group' as factors and the interaction of 'region x group' was examined. RESULTS Tremor positive PD patients had a significantly higher mean 11C-MeNER DVR compared to PDT- in LC and thalamus. The PDT+ mean LC DVR was similar to that of HC. PDT+ mean 11C-MeNER DVRs were significantly lower than HC in the dorsal raphe while the PDT- group showed significantly lower mean 11C-MeNER DVR across all regions compared to HC. CONCLUSION While both PD T+ and PD T- groups showed a significant loss of noradrenaline terminal function compared to controls, noradrenergic neurons were relatively preserved in PDT+ in LC and thalamus. The greater loss of noradrenergic transporters in PDT- in LC and thalamus compared with PDT+ is in line with earlier in-vitro studies and could potentially contribute to their tremor negative phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin B Kinnerup
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Michael Sommerauer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Malene F Damholdt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Department for Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jeppe L Schaldemose
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Rola Ismail
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Astrid J Terkelsen
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kristian Stær
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Allan Hansen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Tatyana D Fedorova
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Karoline Knudsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Casper Skjærbæk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Per Borghammer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Nicola Pavese
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - David J Brooks
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, United Kingdom; Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Adjmal Nahimi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Restorative Parkinson Unit, Universitetssjukhuset, 22184 Lund, Sweden
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Uribe-Mariño A, Castiblanco-Urbina MA, Falconi-Sobrinho LL, Dos Anjos-Garcia T, de Oliveira RC, Mendes-Gomes J, da Silva Soares R, Matthiesen M, Almada RC, de Oliveira R, Coimbra NC. The alpha- and beta-noradrenergic receptors blockade in the dorsal raphe nucleus impairs the panic-like response elaborated by medial hypothalamus neurons. Brain Res 2019; 1725:146468. [PMID: 31541642 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neurons are reciprocally connected to the locus coeruleus (LC) and send neural pathways to the medial hypothalamus (MH). The aim of this work was to investigate whether the blockade of α1-, α2- or β-noradrenergic receptors in the DRN or the inactivation of noradrenergic neurons in the LC modify defensive behaviours organised by MH neurons. For this purpose, Wistar male rats received microinjections of WB4101, RX821002, propranolol (α1-, α2- and β-noradrenergic receptor antagonists, respectively) or physiological saline in the DRN, followed 10 min later by MH GABAA receptor blockade. Other groups of animals received DSP-4 (a noradrenergic neurotoxin), physiological saline or only a needle insertion (sham group) into the LC, and 5 days later, bicuculline or physiological saline was administered in the MH. In all these cases, after MH treatment, the frequency and duration of defensive responses were recorded over 15 min. An anterograde neural tract tracer was also deposited in the DRN. DRN neurons send pathways to lateral and dorsomedial hypothalamus. Blockade of α1- and β-noradrenergic receptors in the DRN decreased escape reactions elicited by bicuculline microinjections in the MH. In addition, a significant increase in anxiety-like behaviours was observed after the blockade of α2-noradrenergic receptors in the DRN. LC pretreatment with DSP-4 decreased both anxiety- and panic attack-like behaviours evoked by GABAA receptor blockade in the MH. In summary, the present findings suggest that the norepinephrine-mediated system modulates defensive reactions organised by MH neurons at least in part via noradrenergic receptors recruitment on DRN neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Uribe-Mariño
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Angélica Castiblanco-Urbina
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz-Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayllon Dos Anjos-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rithiele Cristina de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joyce Mendes-Gomes
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raimundo da Silva Soares
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melina Matthiesen
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carvalho Almada
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil; Health Sciences Institute, Mato Grosso Federal University Medical School (UFMT), Av. Alexandre Ferronato, 1200, Reserva 35, Setor industrial, 78550-000 Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Avenida do Café, 2450, Ribeirão Preto 14220-030, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Li Q, Yang T, Guo AC, Fan YP. Role of catalpol in ameliorating the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by increasing the level of noradrenaline in the locus coeruleus. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4163-4172. [PMID: 29328415 PMCID: PMC5802186 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The endogenous neurotransmitter, noradrenaline, exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro. Reduced noradrenaline levels results in increased inflammation and neuronal damage. The primary source of noradrenaline in the central nervous system is tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons, located in the locus coeruleus (LC). TH is the rate-limiting enzyme for noradrenaline synthesis; therefore, regulation of TH protein expression and intrinsic enzyme activity represents the central means for controlling the synthesis of noradrenaline. Catalpol is an iridoid glycoside purified from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, which exerts a neuroprotective effect in multiple sclerosis (MS). The present study used an experimental mouse model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis to verify the neuroprotective effects of catalpol. Significant improvements in the clinical scores were observed in catalpol-treated mice. Furthermore, catalpol increased TH expression and increased noradrenaline levels in the spinal cord. In primary cultures, catalpol exerted a neuroprotective effect in rat LC neurons by increasing the noradrenaline output. These results suggested that drugs targeting LC survival and function, including catalpol, may be able to benefit patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - An-Chen Guo
- Laboratory of Clinical Medical Research, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Ping Fan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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9
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Romano A, Serviddio G, Calcagnini S, Villani R, Giudetti AM, Cassano T, Gaetani S. Linking lipid peroxidation and neuropsychiatric disorders: focus on 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:281-293. [PMID: 28063940 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is considered to be a strong marker of oxidative stress; the interaction between HNE and cellular proteins leads to the formation of HNE-protein adducts able to alter cellular homeostasis and cause the development of a pathological state. By virtue of its high lipid concentration, oxygen utilization, and the presence of metal ions participating to redox reactions, the brain is highly susceptible to the formation of free radicals and HNE-related compounds. A variety of neuropsychiatric disorders have been associated with elevations of HNE concentration. For example, increased levels of HNE were found in the cortex of bipolar and schizophrenic patients, while HNE plasma concentrations resulted high in patients with major depression. On the same line, high brain concentrations of HNE were found associated with Huntington's inclusions. The incidence of high HNE levels is relevant also in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. Intriguingly, in this case the increase of HNE was associated with an accumulation of iron in the substantia nigra, a brain region highly affected by the pathology. In the present review we recapitulate the findings supporting the role of HNE in the pathogenesis of different neuropsychiatric disorders to highlight the pathogenic mechanisms ascribed to HNE accumulation. The aim of this review is to offer novel perspectives both for the understanding of etiopathogenetic mechanisms that remain still unclear and for the identification of new useful biological markers. We conclude suggesting that targeting HNE-driven cellular processes may represent a new more efficacious therapeutical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Luigi Pinto, c/o Ospedali Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Silvio Calcagnini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Luigi Pinto, c/o Ospedali Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giudetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Centro Ecotekne, sp Lecce-Monteroni 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Luigi Pinto, c/o Ospedali Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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10
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Farrand AQ, Helke KL, Gregory RA, Gooz M, Hinson VK, Boger HA. Vagus nerve stimulation improves locomotion and neuronal populations in a model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Stimul 2017; 10:1045-1054. [PMID: 28918943 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder with no disease-modifying therapies, and symptomatic treatments are often limited by debilitating side effects. In PD, locus coeruleus noradrenergic (LC-NE) neurons degenerate prior to substantia nigra dopaminergic (SN-DA) neurons. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) activates LC neurons, and decreases pro-inflammatory markers, allowing improvement of LC targets, making it a potential PD therapeutic. OBJECTIVE To assess therapeutic potential of VNS in a PD model. METHODS To mimic the progression of PD degeneration, rats received a systemic injection of noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP-4, followed one week later by bilateral intrastriatal injection of dopaminergic neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine. At this time, a subset of rats also had vagus cuffs implanted. After eleven days, rats received a precise VNS regimen twice a day for ten days, and locomotion was measured during each afternoon session. Immediately following final stimulation, rats were euthanized, and left dorsal striatum, bilateral SN and LC were sectioned for immunohistochemical detection of monoaminergic neurons (tyrosine hydroxylase, TH), α-synuclein, astrocytes (GFAP) and microglia (Iba-1). RESULTS VNS significantly increased locomotion of lesioned rats. VNS also resulted in increased expression of TH in striatum, SN, and LC; decreased SN α-synuclein expression; and decreased expression of glial markers in the SN and LC of lesioned rats. Additionally, saline-treated rats after VNS, had higher LC TH and lower SN Iba-1. CONCLUSIONS Our findings of increased locomotion, beneficial effects on LC-NE and SN-DA neurons, decreased α-synuclein density in SN TH-positive neurons, and neuroinflammation suggest VNS has potential as a novel PD therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Q Farrand
- Dept of Neuroscience and Center on Aging, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave, BSB403, MSC510, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Kristi L Helke
- Dept of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 114 Doughty St, STB 648, MSC 777, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Dept of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, 165 Ashley Ave, Children's Hospital 309, MSC 908, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Rebecca A Gregory
- Dept of Neuroscience and Center on Aging, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave, BSB403, MSC510, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Dept of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 114 Doughty St, STB 648, MSC 777, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Monika Gooz
- Dept of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President St, DDB 507, MSC 139, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Vanessa K Hinson
- Dept of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, CSB 309, MSC 606, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Heather A Boger
- Dept of Neuroscience and Center on Aging, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave, BSB403, MSC510, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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11
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Cassano T, Lopalco A, de Candia M, Laquintana V, Lopedota A, Cutrignelli A, Perrone M, Iacobazzi RM, Bedse G, Franco M, Denora N, Altomare CD. Oxazepam-Dopamine Conjugates Increase Dopamine Delivery into Striatum of Intact Rats. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3178-3187. [PMID: 28780872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) was covalently linked to oxazepam (OXA), a well-known positive allosteric modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid type-A (GABAA) receptor, through a carbamate linkage (4) or a succinic spacer (6). These conjugates were synthesized with the aim of improving the delivery of DA into the brain and enhancing GABAergic transmission, which may be useful for the long-term treatment of Parkinson disease (PD). Structure-based permeability properties, in vitro stability, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability studies led to identify the OXA-DA carbamate conjugate 4a as the compound better combining sufficient stability and ability to cross BBB. Finally, in vivo microdialysis experiments in freely moving rats demonstrated that 4a (20 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly increases extracellular DA levels into striatum, with a peak (more than 15-fold increase over the baseline) at about 80 min after a single administration. The stability and delivery data proved that 4a may be a promising candidate for further pharmacological studies in animal models of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia , Foggia 71100, Italy
| | - Antonio Lopalco
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Valentino Laquintana
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Angela Lopedota
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cutrignelli
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Mara Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Rosa M Iacobazzi
- Istituto tumori IRCCS "Giovanni Paolo II" , Flacco, St. 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gaurav Bedse
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome , 00185 Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Massimo Franco
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Cosimo D Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari 70125, Italy
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12
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Weitemier AZ, McHugh TJ. Noradrenergic modulation of evoked dopamine release and pH shift in the mouse dorsal hippocampus and ventral striatum. Brain Res 2017; 1657:74-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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13
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Bellanti F, Iannelli G, Blonda M, Tamborra R, Villani R, Romano A, Calcagnini S, Mazzoccoli G, Vinciguerra M, Gaetani S, Giudetti AM, Vendemiale G, Cassano T, Serviddio G. Alterations of Clock Gene RNA Expression in Brain Regions of a Triple Transgenic Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 59:615-631. [PMID: 28671110 PMCID: PMC5523844 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A disruption to circadian rhythmicity and the sleep/wake cycle constitutes a major feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The maintenance of circadian rhythmicity is regulated by endogenous clock genes and a number of external Zeitgebers, including light. This study investigated the light induced changes in the expression of clock genes in a triple transgenic model of AD (3×Tg-AD) and their wild type littermates (Non-Tg). Changes in gene expression were evaluated in four brain areas¾suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), hippocampus, frontal cortex and brainstem¾of 6- and 18-month-old Non-Tg and 3×Tg-AD mice after 12 h exposure to light or darkness. Light exposure exerted significant effects on clock gene expression in the SCN, the site of the major circadian pacemaker. These patterns of expression were disrupted in 3×Tg-AD and in 18-month-old compared with 6-month-old Non-Tg mice. In other brain areas, age rather than genotype affected gene expression; the effect of genotype was observed on hippocampal Sirt1 expression, while it modified the expression of genes regulating the negative feedback loop as well as Rorα, Csnk1ɛ and Sirt1 in the brainstem. In conclusion, during the early development of AD, there is a disruption to the normal expression of genes regulating circadian function after exposure to light, particularly in the SCN but also in extra-hypothalamic brain areas supporting circadian regulation, suggesting a severe impairment of functioning of the clock gene pathway. Even though this study did not demonstrate a direct association between these alterations in clock gene expression among brain areas with the cognitive impairments and chrono-disruption that characterize the early onset of AD, our novel results encourage further investigation aimed at testing this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Iannelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Blonda
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Calcagnini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giudetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence to: Tommaso Cassano, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, c/o Ospedali Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy. Tel.: +39 0881 588042; Fax: +39 0881 188 0432; E-mail:
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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14
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Bambico FR, Duranti A, Nobrega JN, Gobbi G. The fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 modulates serotonin-dependent emotional behaviour, and serotonin1A and serotonin2A/C activity in the hippocampus. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:578-90. [PMID: 26747370 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597 increases anandamide, resulting in antidepressant/anxiolytic-like activity, likely via CB1 receptor-mediated modulation of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) neurotransmission. However, the relative importance of the 5-HT and NE systems in these effects and on effects of URB597 on postsynaptic 5-HT receptors remain to be determined. Using behavioural and electrophysiological approaches, we assessed the effects of acute-single and repeated URB597 treatment on responses predicting antidepressant/anxiolytic activity, and on hippocampal 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/C receptor sensitivity. Acute-single or serial URB597 treatment, compared to vehicle, reduced immobility in the forced swim test (FST), increased open arm visits in the elevated plus maze and shortened feeding latency in the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT). Repeated URB597 treatment yielded more profound behavioural effects, which were associated with an increase in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The 5-HT synthesis inhibitor para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA), but not the NE neurotoxin N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4) prevented URB597-mediated antidepressant/anxiolytic-like response in the FST and NSFT, while DSP4 did not further affect URB597-mediated increase in raphe 5-HT neuron firing. Repeated URB597 administration decreased hippocampal pyramidal firing in response to 5-HT2A/C and 5-HT1A stimulation with 1-[2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl]-2-aminopropane (DOI) and 8-hydroxy-2-dipropylaminotetralin (8-OH-DPAT), respectively, suggesting plastic adaptation of these receptors. The effects of acute-single and repeated URB597 administration on hippocampal cell firing in response to DOI or 8-OH-DPAT were similar in magnitude and intensity to the positive control citalopram. These data indicate that URB597 acts, either directly or indirectly, on the 5-HT system, increases hippocampal BDNF expression, and modifies 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/C function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis R Bambico
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, McGill University, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Behavioral Neurobiology Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Andrea Duranti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - José N Nobrega
- Behavioral Neurobiology Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gabriella Gobbi
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, McGill University, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Hirao K, Eto K, Nakahata Y, Ishibashi H, Nagai T, Nabekura J. Noradrenergic refinement of glutamatergic neuronal circuits in the lateral superior olivary nucleus before hearing onset. J Neurophysiol 2015. [PMID: 26203112 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00813.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal circuit plasticity during development is fundamental for precise network formation. Pioneering studies of the developmental visual cortex indicated that noradrenaline (NA) is crucial for ocular dominance plasticity during the critical period in the visual cortex. Recent research demonstrated tonotopic map formation by NA during the critical period in the auditory system, indicating that NA also contributes to synaptic plasticity in this system. The lateral superior olive (LSO) in the auditory system receives glutamatergic input from the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) and undergoes circuit remodeling during postnatal development. LSO is innervated by noradrenergic afferents and is therefore a suitable model to study the function of NA in refinement of neuronal circuits. Chemical lesions of the noradrenergic system and chronic inhibition of α2-adrenoceptors in vivo during postnatal development in mice disrupted functional elimination and strengthening of VCN-LSO afferents. This was potentially mediated by activation of presynaptic α2-adrenoceptors and inhibition of glutamate release because NA presynaptically suppressed excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) through α2-adrenoceptors during the first two postnatal weeks in an in vitro study. Furthermore, NA and α2-adrenoceptor agonist induced long-term suppression of EPSCs and decreased glutamate release. These results suggest that NA has a critical role in synaptic refinement of the VCN-LSO glutamatergic pathway through failure of synaptic transmission. Because of the ubiquitous distribution of NA afferents and the extensive expression of α2-adrenoceptors throughout the immature brain, this phenomenon might be widespread in the developing central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzo Hirao
- Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kei Eto
- Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Nakahata
- Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishibashi
- Department of Physiology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan; and
| | - Taku Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junichi Nabekura
- Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Japan;
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16
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Intranasal delivery of dopamine to the striatum using glycol chitosan/sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin based nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:180-93. [PMID: 26032293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate chitosan (CS)-, glycol chitosan (GCS)- and corresponding thiomer-based nanoparticles (NPs) for delivering dopamine (DA) to the brain by nasal route. Thus, the polyanions tripolyphosphate and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD), respectively, were used as polycation crosslinking agents and SBE-β-CD also in order to enhance the DA stability. The most interesting formulation, containing GCS and SBE-β-CD, was denoted as DA GCS/DA-CD NPs. NMR spectroscopy demonstrated an inclusion complex formation between SBE-β-CD and DA. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of DA on the external surface of NPs. DA GCS/DA-CD NPs showed cytotoxic effect toward Olfactory Ensheathing Cells only at higher dosage. Acute administration of DA GCS/DA-CD NPs into the right nostril of rats did not modify the levels of the neurotransmitter in both right and left striatum. Conversely, repeated intranasal administration of DA GCS/DA-CD NPs into the right nostril significantly increased DA in the ipsilateral striatum. Fluorescent microscopy of olfactory bulb after acute administration of DA fluorescent-labeled GCS/DA-CD NPs into the right nostril showed the presence of NPs only in the right olfactory bulb and no morphological tissue damage occurred. Thus, these GCS based NPs could be potentially used as carriers for nose-to-brain DA delivery for the Parkinson's disease treatment.
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17
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Munari L, Provensi G, Passani MB, Galeotti N, Cassano T, Benetti F, Corradetti R, Blandina P. Brain Histamine Is Crucial for Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors' Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 18:pyv045. [PMID: 25899065 PMCID: PMC4648163 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neurobiological changes underlying depression resistant to treatments remain poorly understood, and failure to respond to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may result from abnormalities of neurotransmitter systems that excite serotonergic neurons, such as histamine. METHODS Using behavioral (tail suspension test) and neurochemical (in vivo microdialysis, Western-blot analysis) approaches, here we report that antidepressant responses to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (citalopram or paroxetine) are abolished in mice unable to synthesize histamine due to either targeted disruption of histidine decarboxylase gene (HDC(-/-)) or injection of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, a suicide inhibitor of this enzyme. RESULTS In the tail suspension test, all classes of antidepressants tested reduced the immobility time of controls. Systemic reboxetine or imipramine reduced the immobility time of histamine-deprived mice as well, whereas selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors did not even though their serotonergic system is functional. In in vivo microdialysis experiments, citalopram significantly increased histamine extraneuronal levels in the cortex of freely moving mice, and methysergide, a serotonin 5-HT1/5-HT2 receptor antagonist, abolished this effect, thus suggesting the involvement of endogenous serotonin. CREB phosphorylation, which is implicated in the molecular mechanisms of antidepressant treatment, was abolished in histamine-deficient mice treated with citalopram. The CREB pathway is not impaired in HDC(-/-) mice, as administration of 8-bromoadenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate increased CREB phosphorylation, and in the tail suspension test it significantly reduced the time spent immobile by mice of both genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors selectively require the integrity of the brain histamine system to exert their preclinical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrizio Blandina
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmacologia e Tossicologia, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze, Italy (Drs Munari, Provensi, Passani, Galeotti, Benetti, Corradetti, and Blandina); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Universitá di Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto, 1 - 71100, Foggia Italy (Dr Cassano); Centro de Memória-Instituto do Cérebro-Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Dr Benetti).Present address (L.M.): Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029.Present address (F.B.): Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-17, Brazil.
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18
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Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Bonilla-Jaime H, Gómez-Cansino R, Reyes-Chilpa R. Linalool and β-pinene exert their antidepressant-like activity through the monoaminergic pathway. Life Sci 2015; 128:24-9. [PMID: 25771248 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Linalool and β-pinene are two volatile monoterpenes that possess antidepressant-like activity. These are components of many aromatic plants used in folk medicine around the world to relieve anxiety and depression. In this contribution, we focused on examining the mechanism of action of these compounds. MAIN METHODS We used mice in the forced swimming test (FST) and antagonist drugs (i.p.) to receptors related to the depression process such as 5-HT1A. To assess the possible contribution of the serotoninergic system, animals were pre-treated with WAY 100635 (a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist) and PCPA (a serotonin synthesis inhibitor).To assess the participation of the noradrenergic system, the animals were pre-treated with yohimbine (an α2 receptor antagonist), propranolol (a β receptor antagonist) and neurotoxin DSP-4 (a noradrenergic neurotoxin). In the dopaminergic system, we used SCH23390 (a D1 receptor antagonist). KEY FINDINGS WAY 100635 blocked the antidepressant-like effect of linalool and β-pinene. In contrast, pretreatment of mice with PCPA did not modify reductions in the immobility time elicited by the two monoterpenes. The yohimbine modified the effect of linalool on immobility time. Propranolol and neurotoxin DSP-4 reversed the anti-immobility effect of β-pinene; also, SCH23390 blocked the antidepressant-like effect of β-pinene. SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicate that linalool and β-pinene produce an antidepressant-like effect through interaction with the monoaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Laura Guzmán-Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dpto. Biología de la Reproducción, D.C.B.S. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, 09340, Iztapalapa, México D.F., México; Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, México D.F., México; Cátedra CONACYT, México
| | - Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dpto. Biología de la Reproducción, D.C.B.S. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, 09340, Iztapalapa, México D.F., México
| | - Rocío Gómez-Cansino
- Departamento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, México D.F., México
| | - Ricardo Reyes-Chilpa
- Departamento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, México D.F., México.
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Wang Y, Musich PR, Cui K, Zou Y, Zhu MY. Neurotoxin-induced DNA damage is persistent in SH-SY5Y cells and LC neurons. Neurotox Res 2015; 27:368-83. [PMID: 25724887 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Degeneration of the noradrenergic neurons has been reported in the brain of patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases. However, their pathological characteristics during the neurodegenerative course and underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we used the neurotoxin camptothecin (CPT) to induce the DNA damage response in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, normal fibroblast cells, and primarily cultured locus coeruleus (LC) and raphe neurons to examine cellular responses and repair capabilities after neurotoxin exposure. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to show that noradrenergic SH-SY5Y cells are more sensitive to CPT-induced DNA damage and deficient in DNA repair, as compared to fibroblast cells. Furthermore, similar to SH-SY5Y cells, primarily cultured LC neurons are more sensitive to CPT-induced DNA damage and show a deficiency in repairing this damage. Moreover, while N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4) exposure also results in DNA damage in cultured LC neurons, neither CPT nor DSP4 induce DNA damage in neuronal cultures from the raphe nuclei. Taken together, noradrenergic SH-SY5Y cells and LC neurons are sensitive to CPT-induced DNA damage and exhibit a repair deficiency, providing a mechanistic explanation for the pathological characteristics of LC degeneration when facing endogenous and environmental DNA-damaging insults in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37604, USA
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20
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Bedse G, Romano A, Tempesta B, Lavecchia MA, Pace L, Bellomo A, Duranti A, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Cifani C, Cassano T, Gaetani S. Inhibition of anandamide hydrolysis enhances noradrenergic and GABAergic transmission in the prefrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala of rats subjected to acute swim stress. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:777-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Bedse
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Bianca Tempesta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Michele A. Lavecchia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Foggia; Foggia Italy
| | | | - Andrea Duranti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences; University of Urbino Carlo Bo; Urbino Italy
| | | | - Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Foggia; Foggia Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
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21
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Differences in the structure of drinking, cart expression and dopamine turnover between polydipsic and non polydipsic rats in the quinpirole model of psychotic polydipsia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:3889-97. [PMID: 24647922 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dopaminergic D2/D3 agonist quinpirole (QNP) elicits nonregulatory drinking in rats, a model of psychotic polydipsia. Why only a fraction of QNP-treated rats responds to the treatment becoming polydipsic is still unclear. OBJECTIVES To unveil possible factors contributing to such variability, we analyzed drinking microstructure in saline and QNP-treated rats, the hypothalamic expression of the cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART), and the monoaminergic turnover in selected brain areas. METHODS Rats were daily treated with saline or QNP 0.5 mg/kg, and their 5-h water intake was measured for five consecutive days. The number of bouts and episodes of licking, and their duration, were also measured. Brain CART expression was measured by in situ hybridization and monoamines turnover by HPLC analysis of tissue extracts. Based on the amount of water ingested during the 5-h session, QNP-treated rats were post hoc grouped in polydipsic (PD) and in nonpolydipsic (NPD) rats, and the results compared accordingly. RESULTS The number of drinking bouts and episodes increased in PD rats, while NPD rats behaved as the controls. CART expression decreased in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus of the PD rats. In contrast, both PD and NPD rats showed a reduction of DA turnover in both ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc). No difference was detected in the turnover of 5HT and NA. CONCLUSIONS Microstructure analysis confirms that QNP acts on the appetitive component of drinking behavior, making it compulsive. CART expression reduction in response to dopaminergic hyperstimulation might sustain excessive drinking in PD rats.
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22
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Shin E, Rogers JT, Devoto P, Björklund A, Carta M. Noradrenaline neuron degeneration contributes to motor impairments and development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2014; 257:25-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ross SB, Stenfors C. DSP4, a Selective Neurotoxin for the Locus Coeruleus Noradrenergic System. A Review of Its Mode of Action. Neurotox Res 2014; 27:15-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-014-9482-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Michetti C, Romano E, Altabella L, Caruso A, Castelluccio P, Bedse G, Gaetani S, Canese R, Laviola G, Scattoni ML. Mapping pathological phenotypes in reelin mutant mice. Front Pediatr 2014; 2:95. [PMID: 25237666 PMCID: PMC4154529 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2014.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with multifactorial origin characterized by social communication deficits and the presence of repetitive behaviors/interests. Several studies showed an association between the reelin gene mutation and increased risk of ASD and a reduced reelin expression in some brain regions of ASD subjects, suggesting a role for reelin deficiency in ASD etiology. Reelin is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein playing important roles during development of the central nervous system. To deeply investigate the role of reelin dysfunction as vulnerability factor in ASD, we assessed the behavioral, neurochemical, and brain morphological features of reeler male mice. We recently reported a genotype-dependent deviation in the ultrasonic vocal repertoire and a general delay in motor development of reeler pups. We now report that adult male heterozygous (Het) reeler mice did not show social behavior and communication deficits during male-female social interactions. Wildtype and Het mice showed a typical light/dark locomotor activity profile, with a peak during the central interval of the dark phase. However, when faced with a mild stressful stimulus (a saline injection) only Het mice showed an over response to stress. In addition to the behavioral studies, we conducted high performance liquid chromatography and magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy to investigate whether reelin mutation influences brain monoamine and metabolites levels in regions involved in ASD. Low levels of dopamine in cortex and high levels of glutamate and taurine in hippocampus were detected in Het mice, in line with clinical data collected on ASD children. Altogether, our data detected subtle but relevant neurochemical abnormalities in reeler mice supporting this mutant line, particularly male subjects, as a valid experimental model to estimate the contribution played by reelin deficiency in the global ASD neurobehavioral phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Michetti
- Neurotoxicology and Neuroendocrinology Section, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy ; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Emilia Romano
- Behavioural Neuroscience Section, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy ; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico , Rome , Italy
| | - Luisa Altabella
- Molecular and Cellular Imaging Section, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Angela Caruso
- Neurotoxicology and Neuroendocrinology Section, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy ; Department of Psychology, School of Behavioural Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Paolo Castelluccio
- Neurotoxicology and Neuroendocrinology Section, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Gaurav Bedse
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Rossella Canese
- Molecular and Cellular Imaging Section, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Giovanni Laviola
- Behavioural Neuroscience Section, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Scattoni
- Neurotoxicology and Neuroendocrinology Section, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
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25
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Aureli C, Cassano T, Masci A, Francioso A, Martire S, Cocciolo A, Chichiarelli S, Romano A, Gaetani S, Mancini P, Fontana M, d'Erme M, Mosca L. 5-S-cysteinyldopamine neurotoxicity: Influence on the expression of α-synuclein and ERp57 in cellular and animal models of Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci Res 2013; 92:347-58. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Aureli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Foggia; Italy
| | - Alessandra Masci
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | - Antonio Francioso
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | - Sara Martire
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | - Annalisa Cocciolo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | | | - Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology V. Erspamer; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology V. Erspamer; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | - Patrizia Mancini
- Department of Experimental Medicine; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | - Mario Fontana
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
| | - Maria d'Erme
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
- Pasteur Institute; Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti; Roma Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences; “Sapienza” University; Roma Italy
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26
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Quesseveur G, Repérant C, David DJ, Gardier AM, Sanchez C, Guiard BP. 5-HT2A receptor inactivation potentiates the acute antidepressant-like activity of escitalopram: involvement of the noradrenergic system. Exp Brain Res 2013; 226:285-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Denora N, Cassano T, Laquintana V, Lopalco A, Trapani A, Cimmino CS, Laconca L, Giuffrida A, Trapani G. Novel codrugs with GABAergic activity for dopamine delivery in the brain. Int J Pharm 2012; 437:221-31. [PMID: 22940209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the use of codrugs of the GABAergic agent 2-phenyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinacetamide and dopamine (DA) or ethyl ester L-Dopa (LD) as a strategy to deliver DA and simultaneously activate GABA-receptors in the brain. For this purpose, both DA and LD ethyl ester were linked by carbamate bond to imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine acetamide moieties to yield two DA- and two LD-imidazopyridine derivatives. These compounds were evaluated in vitro to assess their stability, binding affinities and cell membrane transport, and in vivo to assess their bio-availability via microdialysis studies. The two DA derivatives were adequately stable in buffered solution, but underwent cleavage in diluted human serum. By contrast, the LD derivatives were unstable in buffered solution. Receptor binding studies showed that the DA-imidazopyridine carbamates had binding affinity for benzodiazepine receptors in the nanomolar range. Brain microdialysis experiments indicated that intraperitoneal administration of the DA derivatives sustained DA levels in rat striatum over a 4-h period. These results suggest that DA-imidazopyridine carbamates are new DA codrugs with potential application for DA replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Bari, Bari 70125, Italy
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28
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Cassano T, Serviddio G, Gaetani S, Romano A, Dipasquale P, Cianci S, Bellanti F, Laconca L, Romano AD, Padalino I, LaFerla FM, Nicoletti F, Cuomo V, Vendemiale G. Glutamatergic alterations and mitochondrial impairment in a murine model of Alzheimer disease. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33:1121.e1-12. [PMID: 22035587 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in glutamate neurotransmission and mitochondrial functions were detected in the frontal cortex (FC) and hippopcampus (HIPP) of aged 3×Tg-Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice, compared with their wild type littermates (non-Tg). In particular, basal levels of glutamate and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) expression were reduced in both areas. Cortical glutamate release responded to K(+) stimulation, whereas no peak release was observed in the HIPP of mutant mice. Synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25), glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST), glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) and excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) were reduced in HIPP homogenates, where the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content was lower. In contrast, glutamate transporter 1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were found to be higher in the frontal cortex. The respiration rates of complex-I, II, IV, and the membrane potential were reduced in cortical mitochondria, where unaltered proton leak, F(0)F(1)-ATPase activity and ATP content, with increased hydrogen peroxide production (H(2)O(2)), were also observed. In contrast, complex-I respiration rate was significantly increased in hippocampal mitochondria, together with increased proton leak and H(2)O(2) production. Moreover, loss of complex-IV and F(0)F(1)-ATPase activities were observed. These data suggest that impairments of mitochondrial bioenergetics might sustain the failure in the energy-requiring glutamatergic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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29
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Altered serotonergic function may partially account for behavioral endophenotypes in steroid sulfatase-deficient mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012; 37:1267-74. [PMID: 22189290 PMCID: PMC3306888 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The X-linked gene STS encodes the steroid hormone-modulating enzyme steroid sulfatase. Loss-of-function of STS, and variation within the gene, have been associated with vulnerability to developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by inattention, severe impulsivity, hyperactivity, and motivational deficits. ADHD is commonly comorbid with a variety of disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder. The neurobiological role of steroid sulfatase, and therefore its potential role in ADHD and associated comorbidities, is currently poorly understood. The 39,X(Y)*O mouse, which lacks the Sts gene, exhibits several behavioral abnormalities relevant to ADHD including inattention and hyperactivity. Here, we show that, unexpectedly, 39,X(Y)*O mice achieve higher ratios than wild-type mice on a progressive ratio (PR) task thought to index motivation, but that there is no difference between the two groups on a behavioral task thought to index compulsivity (marble burying). High performance liquid chromatography analysis of monoamine levels in wild type and 39,X(Y)*O brain tissue regions (the frontal cortex, striatum, thalamus, hippocampus, and cerebellum) revealed significantly higher levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the striatum and hippocampus of 39,X(Y)*O mice. Significant correlations between hippocampal 5-HT levels and PR performance, and between striatal 5-HT levels and locomotor activity strongly implicate regionally-specific perturbations of the 5-HT system as a neurobiological candidate for behavioral differences between 40,XY and 39,X(Y)*O mice. These data suggest that inactivating mutations and functional variants within STS might exert their influence on ADHD vulnerability, and disorder endophenotypes through modulation of the serotonergic system.
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30
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Koot S, Zoratto F, Cassano T, Colangeli R, Laviola G, van den Bos R, Adriani W. Compromised decision-making and increased gambling proneness following dietary serotonin depletion in rats. Neuropharmacology 2012; 62:1640-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Characterization and evaluation of chitosan nanoparticles for dopamine brain delivery. Int J Pharm 2011; 419:296-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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32
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Lin Y, Sarfraz Y, Jensen A, Dunn AJ, Stone EA. Participation of brainstem monoaminergic nuclei in behavioral depression. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 100:330-9. [PMID: 21893082 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Several lines of research have now suggested the controversial hypothesis that the central noradrenergic system acts to exacerbate depression as opposed to having an antidepressant function. If correct, lesions of this system should increase resistance to depression, which has been partially but weakly supported by previous studies. The present study reexamined this question using two more recent methods to lesion noradrenergic neurons in mice: intraventricular (ivt) administration of either the noradrenergic neurotoxin, DSP4, or of a dopamine-β-hydroxylase-saporin immunotoxin (DBH-SAP ITX) prepared for mice. Both agents given 2 weeks prior were found to significantly increase resistance to depressive behavior in several tests including acute and repeated forced swims, tail suspension and endotoxin-induced anhedonia. Both agents also increased locomotor activity in the open field. Cell counts of brainstem monoaminergic neurons, however, showed that both methods produced only partial lesions of the locus coeruleus and also affected the dorsal raphe or ventral tegmental area. Both the cell damage and the antidepressant and hyperactive effects of ivt DSP4 were prevented by a prior i.p. injection of the NE uptake blocker, reboxetine. The results are seen to be consistent with recent pharmacological experiments showing that noradrenergic and serotonergic systems function to inhibit active behavior. Comparison with previous studies utilizing more complete and selective LC lesions suggest that mouse strain, lesion size or involvement of multiple neuronal systems are critical variables in the behavioral and affective effects of monoaminergic lesions and that antidepressant effects and hyperactivity may be more likely to occur if lesions are partial and/or involve multiple monoaminergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, New York, NY 10016, United States
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33
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Ferdyn-Drosik M, Nowak P, Bojanek K, Bałasz M, Kasperski J, Skaba D, Muchacki R, Kostrzewa RM. Neonatal DSP-4 treatment impairs 5-HT1B receptor reactivity in adult rats. Behavioral and biochemical studies. Pharmacol Rep 2010; 62:608-20. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(10)70318-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Branchi I, D’Andrea I, Armida M, Carnevale D, Ajmone-Cat MA, Pèzzola A, Potenza RL, Morgese MG, Cassano T, Minghetti L, Popoli P, Alleva E. Striatal 6-OHDA lesion in mice: Investigating early neurochemical changes underlying Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2010; 208:137-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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35
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Szot P, Miguelez C, White SS, Franklin A, Sikkema C, Wilkinson CW, Ugedo L, Raskind MA. A comprehensive analysis of the effect of DSP4 on the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system in the rat. Neuroscience 2010; 166:279-91. [PMID: 20045445 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Degeneration of the noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) is a major component of Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), but the consequence of noradrenergic neuronal loss has different effects on the surviving neurons in the two disorders. Therefore, understanding the consequence of noradrenergic neuronal loss is important in determining the role of this neurotransmitter in these neurodegenerative disorders. The goal of the study was to determine if the neurotoxin N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4) could be used as a model for either (or both) AD or PD. Rats were administered DSP4 and sacrificed 3 days 2 weeks and 3 months later. DSP4-treatment resulted in a rapid, though transient reduction in norepinephrine (NE) and NE transporter (NET) in many brain regions receiving variable innervation from the LC. Alpha(1)-adrenoreceptors binding site concentrations were unchanged in all brain regions at all three time points. However, an increase in alpha(2)-AR was observed in many different brain regions 2 weeks and 3 months after DSP4. These changes observed in forebrain regions occurred without a loss in LC noradrenergic neurons. Expression of synthesizing enzymes or NET did not change in amount of expression/neuron despite the reduction in NE tissue content and NET binding site concentrations at early time points, suggesting no compensatory response. In addition, DSP4 did not affect basal activity of LC at any time point in anesthetized animals, but 2 weeks after DSP4 there is a significant increase in irregular firing of noradrenergic neurons. These data indicate that DSP4 is not a selective LC noradrenergic neurotoxin, but does affect noradrenergic neuron terminals locally, as evident by the changes in transmitter and markers at terminal regions. However, since DSP4 did not result in a loss of noradrenergic neurons, it is not considered an adequate model for noradrenergic neuronal loss observed in AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Szot
- Northwest Network for Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
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