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Jachymek M, Peregud-Pogorzelska M, Parczewski M, Dembowska A, Wójcik Ł, Aksak-Wąs B. Unveiling the Heart of the Matter: Echocardiographic Insights into Diastolic Function and Left Ventricular and Atrial Changes in HIV Patients with Controlled Viremia. J Clin Med 2024; 13:463. [PMID: 38256597 PMCID: PMC10815954 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) have increased risk of developing diastolic dysfunction (DD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (EF). In this observational study, we evaluated DD and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) with undetectable viremia. METHODS We conducted an observational study. All participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography to assess chamber size and systolic and diastolic function. RESULTS Most patients showed concentric remodeling without LVH. All patients had normal left ventricle systolic function (EF median 61.3%, interquartile range: 57.8-66.2). None fulfilled the DD criteria, while two patients (6%) had undetermined diastolic function. Twenty percent (n = 7) of patients had an enlarged left atrium (left atrium volume index [LAVI] > 34 cm3/m2). These patients had a significantly lower CD4+ count (771.53 ± 252.81 vs. 446.00 ± 219.02, p = 0.01) and higher relative wall thickness (0.50 ± 0.05 vs. 0.44 ± 0.06, p = 0.03). Patients without immune restoration above 500 cells/μL had significantly higher LAVI (33.92 ± 6.63 vs. 24.91 ± 7.03, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS One-fifth of patients had left atrial enlargement associated with worse immune restoration during ART treatment. The mechanism of left atrial enlargement and its association with cardiovascular risk require further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jachymek
- Department of Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.J.); (M.P.-P.)
| | | | - Miłosz Parczewski
- Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland; (M.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Aneta Dembowska
- Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland; (M.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Łukasz Wójcik
- Department of Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Bogusz Aksak-Wąs
- Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland; (M.P.); (A.D.)
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Demicheva E, Dordiuk V, Polanco Espino F, Ushenin K, Aboushanab S, Shevyrin V, Buhler A, Mukhlynina E, Solovyova O, Danilova I, Kovaleva E. Advances in Mass Spectrometry-Based Blood Metabolomics Profiling for Non-Cancer Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Metabolites 2024; 14:54. [PMID: 38248857 PMCID: PMC10820779 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood metabolomics profiling using mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful approach for investigating non-cancer diseases and understanding their underlying metabolic alterations. Blood, as a readily accessible physiological fluid, contains a diverse repertoire of metabolites derived from various physiological systems. Mass spectrometry offers a universal and precise analytical platform for the comprehensive analysis of blood metabolites, encompassing proteins, lipids, peptides, glycans, and immunoglobulins. In this comprehensive review, we present an overview of the research landscape in mass spectrometry-based blood metabolomics profiling. While the field of metabolomics research is primarily focused on cancer, this review specifically highlights studies related to non-cancer diseases, aiming to bring attention to valuable research that often remains overshadowed. Employing natural language processing methods, we processed 507 articles to provide insights into the application of metabolomic studies for specific diseases and physiological systems. The review encompasses a wide range of non-cancer diseases, with emphasis on cardiovascular disease, reproductive disease, diabetes, inflammation, and immunodeficiency states. By analyzing blood samples, researchers gain valuable insights into the metabolic perturbations associated with these diseases, potentially leading to the identification of novel biomarkers and the development of personalized therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive overview of various mass spectrometry approaches utilized in blood metabolomics research, including GC-MS, LC-MS, and others discussing their advantages and limitations. To enhance the scope, we propose including recent review articles supporting the applicability of GC×GC-MS for metabolomics-based studies. This addition will contribute to a more exhaustive understanding of the available analytical techniques. The Integration of mass spectrometry-based blood profiling into clinical practice holds promise for improving disease diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and patient outcomes. By unraveling the complex metabolic alterations associated with non-cancer diseases, researchers and healthcare professionals can pave the way for precision medicine and personalized therapeutic interventions. Continuous advancements in mass spectrometry technology and data analysis methods will further enhance the potential of blood metabolomics profiling in non-cancer diseases, facilitating its translation from the laboratory to routine clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Demicheva
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Vladislav Dordiuk
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Fernando Polanco Espino
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Konstantin Ushenin
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Autonomous Non-Profit Organization Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (AIRI), Moscow 105064, Russia
| | - Saied Aboushanab
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia; (S.A.); (V.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Vadim Shevyrin
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia; (S.A.); (V.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Aleksey Buhler
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Elena Mukhlynina
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Olga Solovyova
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Irina Danilova
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Elena Kovaleva
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia; (S.A.); (V.S.); (E.K.)
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Blaauw MJT, Berrevoets MAH, Vos WAJW, Groenendijk AL, van Eekeren LE, Vadaq N, Weijers G, van der Ven AJAM, Rutten JHW, Riksen NP. Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors Are Stronger Related to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Than to Presence of Carotid Plaques in People Living With HIV. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030606. [PMID: 37804189 PMCID: PMC10757550 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV, who are at higher risk than the general population. We assessed, in a large cohort of people living with HIV, which cardiovascular, HIV-specific, and lipoproteomic markers were associated with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaque presence. We also studied guideline adherence on lipid-lowering medication in individuals with high and very high risk for cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results In 1814 individuals with a median (interquartile range) age of 53 (44-60) years, we found a carotid plaque in 909 (50.1%) and a median (interquartile range) intima-media thickness of 0.66 (0.57-0.76) mm. Ultrasonography was used for the assessment of cIMT and plaque presence. Univariable and multivariable regression models were used for associations with cIMT and presence of plaques. Age, Black race, body mass index, type 2 diabetes, and smoking (pack years) were all positively associated with higher cIMT. Levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, specifically medium and large high-density lipoprotein subclasses, were negatively associated with higher cIMT. Only age and prior myocardial infarction were positively related to the presence of a carotid plaque. Lipid-lowering treatment was prescribed in one-third of people living with HIV, who are at high and very high risk for cardiovascular disease. Conclusions Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were significantly associated with higher cIMT but not with carotid plaques, except for age. HIV-specific factors were not associated with both ultrasound measurements. Future studies are needed to elucidate which factors contribute to plaque formation. Improvement of guideline adherence on prescription of lipid-lowering treatment in high- and very high-risk patients for cardiovascular disease is recommended. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03994835.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc J. T. Blaauw
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
- Department of Internal MedicineElisabeth‐Tweesteden HospitalTilburgthe Netherlands
| | | | - Wilhelm A. J. W. Vos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
- Department of Internal MedicineOLVGAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Albert L. Groenendijk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesErasmus Medical Center (MC)Rotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Louise E. van Eekeren
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Nadira Vadaq
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
- Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of MedicineDiponegoro University, Dr. Kariadi HospitalSemarangIndonesia
| | - Gert Weijers
- Medical UltraSound Imaging Center, Division of Medical ImagingRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Andre J. A. M. van der Ven
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Joost H. W. Rutten
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Niels P. Riksen
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenthe Netherlands
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Camps J, Iftimie S, Arenas M, Castañé H, Jiménez-Franco A, Castro A, Joven J. Paraoxonase-1: How a xenobiotic detoxifying enzyme has become an actor in the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 380:110553. [PMID: 37201624 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Both infectious and non-infectious diseases can share common molecular mechanisms, including oxidative stress and inflammation. External factors, such as bacterial or viral infections, excessive calorie intake, inadequate nutrients, or environmental factors, can cause metabolic disorders, resulting in an imbalance between free radical production and natural antioxidant systems. These factors may lead to the production of free radicals that can oxidize lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, causing metabolic alterations that influence the pathogenesis of the disease. The relationship between oxidation and inflammation is crucial, as they both contribute to the development of cellular pathology. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a vital enzyme in regulating these processes. PON1 is an enzyme that is bound to high-density lipoproteins and protects the organism against oxidative stress and toxic substances. It breaks down lipid peroxides in lipoproteins and cells, enhances the protection of high-density lipoproteins against different infectious agents, and is a critical component of the innate immune system. Impaired PON1 function can affect cellular homeostasis pathways and cause metabolically driven chronic inflammatory states. Therefore, understanding these relationships can help to improve treatments and identify new therapeutic targets. This review also examines the advantages and disadvantages of measuring serum PON1 levels in clinical settings, providing insight into the potential clinical use of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meritxell Arenas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
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Mikaeloff F, Gelpi M, Benfeitas R, Knudsen AD, Vestad B, Høgh J, Hov JR, Benfield T, Murray D, Giske CG, Mardinoglu A, Trøseid M, Nielsen SD, Neogi U. Network-based multi-omics integration reveals metabolic at-risk profile within treated HIV-infection. eLife 2023; 12:82785. [PMID: 36794912 PMCID: PMC10017104 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiomics technologies improve the biological understanding of health status in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (PWH). Still, a systematic and in-depth characterization of metabolic risk profile during successful long-term treatment is lacking. Here, we used multi-omics (plasma lipidomic, metabolomic, and fecal 16 S microbiome) data-driven stratification and characterization to identify the metabolic at-risk profile within PWH. Through network analysis and similarity network fusion (SNF), we identified three groups of PWH (SNF-1-3): healthy (HC)-like (SNF-1), mild at-risk (SNF-3), and severe at-risk (SNF-2). The PWH in the SNF-2 (45%) had a severe at-risk metabolic profile with increased visceral adipose tissue, BMI, higher incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and increased di- and triglycerides despite having higher CD4+ T-cell counts than the other two clusters. However, the HC-like and the severe at-risk group had a similar metabolic profile differing from HIV-negative controls (HNC), with dysregulation of amino acid metabolism. At the microbiome profile, the HC-like group had a lower α-diversity, a lower proportion of men having sex with men (MSM) and was enriched in Bacteroides. In contrast, in at-risk groups, there was an increase in Prevotella, with a high proportion of MSM, which could potentially lead to higher systemic inflammation and increased cardiometabolic risk profile. The multi-omics integrative analysis also revealed a complex microbial interplay of the microbiome-associated metabolites in PWH. Those severely at-risk clusters may benefit from personalized medicine and lifestyle intervention to improve their dysregulated metabolic traits, aiming to achieve healthier aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Mikaeloff
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Marco Gelpi
- Copenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Rui Benfeitas
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | | | - Beate Vestad
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
| | - Julie Høgh
- Copenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Johannes R Hov
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Thomas Benfield
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Daniel Murray
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Rigshospitalet, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Christian G Giske
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Marius Trøseid
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineOsloNorway
| | | | - Ujjwal Neogi
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
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Wang Y, Huang K, Liu F, Lu X, Huang J, Gu D. Association of circulating branched-chain amino acids with risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2022; 350:90-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Camps J, Castañé H, Rodríguez-Tomàs E, Baiges-Gaya G, Hernández-Aguilera A, Arenas M, Iftimie S, Joven J. On the Role of Paraoxonase-1 and Chemokine Ligand 2 (C-C motif) in Metabolic Alterations Linked to Inflammation and Disease. A 2021 Update. Biomolecules 2021; 11:971. [PMID: 34356595 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious and many non-infectious diseases share common molecular mechanisms. Among them, oxidative stress and the subsequent inflammatory reaction are of particular note. Metabolic disorders induced by external agents, be they bacterial or viral pathogens, excessive calorie intake, poor-quality nutrients, or environmental factors produce an imbalance between the production of free radicals and endogenous antioxidant systems; the consequence being the oxidation of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Oxidation and inflammation are closely related, and whether oxidative stress and inflammation represent the causes or consequences of cellular pathology, both produce metabolic alterations that influence the pathogenesis of the disease. In this review, we highlight two key molecules in the regulation of these processes: Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). PON1 is an enzyme bound to high-density lipoproteins. It breaks down lipid peroxides in lipoproteins and cells, participates in the protection conferred by HDL against different infectious agents, and is considered part of the innate immune system. With PON1 deficiency, CCL2 production increases, inducing migration and infiltration of immune cells in target tissues and disturbing normal metabolic function. This disruption involves pathways controlling cellular homeostasis as well as metabolically-driven chronic inflammatory states. Hence, an understanding of these relationships would help improve treatments and, as well, identify new therapeutic targets.
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Boyd A, Boccara F, Meynard JL, Ichou F, Bastard JP, Fellahi S, Samri A, Sauce D, Haddour N, Autran B, Cohen A, Girard PM, Capeau J. Serum Tryptophan-Derived Quinolinate and Indole-3-Acetate Are Associated With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and its Evolution in HIV-Infected Treated Adults. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz516. [PMID: 31890722 PMCID: PMC6929253 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV-infected individuals undergoing effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) present an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We identified serum metabolites associated with carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) and its evolution. Methods One hundred forty-three hydrophilic serum metabolites were measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry in 49 HIV+ ART+, 48 HIV+ ART-naïve and 50 HIV-negative, age-matched, never-smoking male triads. Metabolites differentially altered between groups ("features") were defined as having a Benjamini-Hochberg-adjusted P value <.05 from a t test and >0.25 log2 absolute mean fold change in metabolite levels. c-IMT was measured across 12 sites at inclusion in all individuals and at the carotid artery (cca) after a median of 5.1 years in 32 HIV+ ART+ individuals. The difference in c-IMT (cross-sectional analysis) and slope of cca-IMT regression/progression per year (longitudinal analysis) for each log10 (area) increase in metabolite level were estimated with linear regression. Results Compared with HIV-, metabolite features of HIV+ ART+ were increased N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and decreased ferulate and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, whereas features of HIV+ ART-naïve were increased malate, kynurenine, 2-oxoglutarate, and indole-3-acetate and decreased succinate and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan. In HIV+ ART+ individuals, quinolinate and/or indole-3-acetate were positively associated with c-IMT (P < .03), cca-IMT (P < .03), and cca-IMT progression (P < .008). These associations were not observed in HIV+ ART-naïve or HIV-negative individuals. In HIV+ ART+ individuals, the metabolites xanthosine and uridine, from nucleotide metabolism, and g-butyrobetaine, from lysine/dietary choline degradation, were also positively or negatively associated with c-IMT and/or cca-IMT (all P < .01), but not its evolution. Conclusions In these highly selected HIV-positive ART-controlled males, 2 novel metabolites derived from tryptophan catabolism, indole-3-acetate and quinolinate, were associated with c-IMT and its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Boyd
- Inserm UMR_S1136, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
| | - Franck Boccara
- Department of Cardiology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S938, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Meynard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, APHP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Farid Ichou
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, ICANalytics, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bastard
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S938, ICAN, Paris, France.,Department of Biochemistry, APHP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Soraya Fellahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S938, ICAN, Paris, France.,Department of Biochemistry, APHP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Assia Samri
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Nabila Haddour
- Department of Cardiology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Autran
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Ariel Cohen
- Department of Cardiology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Girard
- Inserm UMR_S1136, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France.,Department of Infectious Diseases, APHP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S938, ICAN, Paris, France
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Ahmed D, Roy D, Cassol E. Examining Relationships between Metabolism and Persistent Inflammation in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:6238978. [PMID: 30363715 PMCID: PMC6181007 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6238978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-infected individuals are now living longer and healthier lives. However, ART does not completely restore health and treated individuals are experiencing increased rates of noncommunicable diseases such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. While it is well known that persistent immune activation and inflammation contribute to the development of these comorbid diseases, the mechanisms underlying this chronic activation remain incompletely understood. In this review, we will discuss emerging evidence that suggests that alterations in cellular metabolism may play a central role in driving this immune dysfunction in HIV patients on ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duale Ahmed
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Roy
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edana Cassol
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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