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Islam A, Pishesha N, Harmand TJ, Heston H, Woodham AW, Cheloha RW, Bousbaine D, Rashidian M, Ploegh HL. Converting an Anti-Mouse CD4 Monoclonal Antibody into an scFv Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Agent for Longitudinal Monitoring of CD4 + T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:1468-1477. [PMID: 34408009 PMCID: PMC8387391 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Immuno-positron emission tomography (PET), a noninvasive imaging modality, can provide a dynamic approach for longitudinal assessment of cell populations of interest. Transformation of mAbs into single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-based PET imaging agents would allow noninvasive tracking in vivo of a wide range of possible targets. We used sortase-mediated enzymatic labeling in combination with PEGylation to develop an anti-mouse CD4 scFv-based PET imaging agent constructed from an anti-mouse CD4 mAb. This anti-CD4 scFv can monitor the in vivo distribution of CD4+ T cells by immuno-PET. We tracked CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in wild-type mice, in immunodeficient recipients reconstituted with monoclonal populations of OT-II and OT-I T cells, and in a B16 melanoma model. Anti-CD4 and -CD8 immuno-PET showed that the persistence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells transferred into immunodeficient mice improved when recipients were immunized with OVA in CFA. In tumor-bearing animals, infiltration of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased as the tumor grew. The approach described in this study should be readily applicable to convert clinically useful Abs into the corresponding scFv PET imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraful Islam
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Novalia Pishesha
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Thibault J Harmand
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hailey Heston
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew W Woodham
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ross W Cheloha
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Djenet Bousbaine
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Microbiology Graduate Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Mohammad Rashidian
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Kahle XU, Montes de Jesus FM, Glaudemans AWJM, Lub-de Hooge MN, Jorritsma-Smit A, Plattel WJ, van Meerten T, Diepstra A, van den Berg A, Kwee TC, Noordzij W, de Vries EGE, Nijland M. Molecular imaging in lymphoma beyond 18F-FDG-PET: understanding the biology and its implications for diagnostics and therapy. LANCET HAEMATOLOGY 2020; 7:e479-e489. [PMID: 32470439 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(20)30065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mature lymphoproliferative diseases are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising from different stages of B-cell and T-cell development. With improved understanding of the molecular processes in lymphoma and novel treatment options, arises a growing need for the molecular characterisation of tumours. Molecular imaging with single-photon-emission CT and PET using specific radionuclide tracers can provide whole-body information to investigate cancer biology, to evaluate phenotypic heterogeneity, to identify resistance to targeted therapy, and to assess the biodistribution of drugs in patients. In this Review, we evaluate the existing literature on molecular imaging in lymphoma, other than 18F-fluordeoxyglucose molecular imaging. The aim is to examine the contribution of molecular imaging to the understanding of the biology of lymphoma and to discuss potential implications for the diagnostics and therapy of this disease. Finally, we discuss possible applications for molecular imaging of patients with lymphoma in the clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xaver U Kahle
- Department of Haematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Filipe M Montes de Jesus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Andor W J M Glaudemans
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn N Lub-de Hooge
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Annelies Jorritsma-Smit
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wouter J Plattel
- Department of Haematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Tom van Meerten
- Department of Haematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Arjan Diepstra
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Thomas C Kwee
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Walter Noordzij
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Nijland
- Department of Haematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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Nomura S, Nozaki S, Hamazaki T, Takeda T, Ninomiya E, Kudo S, Hayashinaka E, Wada Y, Hiroki T, Fujisawa C, Kodama H, Shintaku H, Watanabe Y. PET imaging analysis with 64Cu in disulfiram treatment for aberrant copper biodistribution in Menkes disease mouse model. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:845-51. [PMID: 24627433 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.113.131797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Menkes disease (MD), an X-linked recessive disorder of copper metabolism caused by mutations in the copper-transporting ATP7A gene, results in growth failure and severe neurodegeneration in early childhood. Subcutaneous copper-histidine injection is the standard treatment for MD, but it has limited clinical efficacy. Furthermore, long-term copper injection causes excess copper accumulation in the kidneys, resulting in renal dysfunction. To attempt to resolve this issue, we used PET imaging with (64)Cu to investigate the effects of disulfiram on copper biodistribution in living mice serving as an animal model for MD (MD model mice). METHODS Macular mice were used as MD model mice, and C3H/He mice were used as wild-type mice. Mice were pretreated with 2 types of chelators (disulfiram, a lipophilic chelator, and d-penicillamine, a hydrophilic chelator) 30 min before (64)CuCl2 injection. After (64)CuCl2 injection, emission scans covering the whole body were performed for 4 h. After the PET scans, the brain and kidneys were analyzed for radioactivity with γ counting and autoradiography. RESULTS After copper injection alone, marked accumulation of radioactivity ((64)Cu) in the liver was demonstrated in wild-type mice, whereas in MD model mice, copper was preferentially accumulated in the kidneys (25.56 ± 3.01 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g]) and was detected to a lesser extent in the liver (13.83 ± 0.26 %ID/g) and brain (0.96 ± 0.08 %ID/g). Copper injection with disulfiram reduced excess copper accumulation in the kidneys (14.54 ± 2.68 %ID/g) and increased copper transport into the liver (29.42 ± 0.98 %ID/g) and brain (5.12 ± 0.95 %ID/g) of MD model mice. Copper injection with d-penicillamine enhanced urinary copper excretion and reduced copper accumulation in most organs in both mouse groups. Autoradiography demonstrated that disulfiram pretreatment induced copper transport into the brain parenchyma and reduced copper accumulation in the renal medulla. CONCLUSION PET studies with (64)Cu revealed that disulfiram had significant effects on the copper biodistribution of MD. Disulfiram increased copper transport into the brain and reduced copper uptake in the kidneys of MD model mice. The application of (64)Cu PET for the treatment of MD and other copper-related disorders may be useful in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Nomura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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Tuscano JM, Kato J, Pearson D, Xiong C, Newell L, Ma Y, Gandara DR, O'Donnell RT. CD22 antigen is broadly expressed on lung cancer cells and is a target for antibody-based therapy. Cancer Res 2012; 72:5556-65. [PMID: 22986740 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with lung cancer still die from their disease, necessitating additional options to improve treatment. Here, we provide evidence for targeting CD22, a cell adhesion protein known to influence B-cell survival that we found is also widely expressed in lung cancer cells. In characterizing the antitumor activity of an established anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody (mAb), HB22.7, we showed CD22 expression by multiple approaches in various lung cancer subtypes, including 7 of 8 cell lines and a panel of primary patient specimens. HB22.7 displayed in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity against CD22-positive human lung cancer cells and tumor xenografts. In a model of metastatic lung cancer, HB22.7 inhibited the development of pulmonary metastasis and extended overall survival. The finding that CD22 is expressed on lung cancer cells is significant in revealing a heretofore unknown mechanism of tumorigenesis and metastasis. Our work suggests that anti-CD22 mAbs may be useful for targeted therapy of lung cancer, a malignancy that has few tumor-specific targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Tuscano
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Nwe K, Kim YS, Milenic DE, Baidoo KE, Brechbiel MW. (111)In- and (203)Pb-Labeled Cyclic RGD Peptide Conjugate as an α(v)β(3) Integrin-Binding Radiotracer. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2012; 55:423-426. [PMID: 23162207 PMCID: PMC3496268 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Methodology for site-specific modification and chelate conjugation of a cyclic RGD (cRGD) peptide for the preparation of a radiotracer molecular imaging agent suitable for detecting α(v)β(3) integrin is described. The method involves functionalizing the peptide with an aldehyde moiety and conjugation to a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) derivative that possesses an aldehyde reactive aminooxy group. The binding assay of the (111)In-labeled peptide conjugate with α(v)β(3) integrin showed 60% bound when four equivalents of the integrin was added, a reasonable binding affinity for a mono-valent modified RGD peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kido Nwe
- Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Young-Seung Kim
- Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Diane E. Milenic
- Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kwamena E. Baidoo
- Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Martin W. Brechbiel
- Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Richter WF, Bhansali SG, Morris ME. Mechanistic determinants of biotherapeutics absorption following SC administration. AAPS JOURNAL 2012; 14:559-70. [PMID: 22619041 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-012-9367-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The subcutaneous (SC) route is of growing interest for the administration of biotherapeutics. Key products on the biotherapeutic market such as insulins, but also several immunoglobulins or Fc-fusion proteins, are administered SC. Despite the importance of the SC route, the available knowledge about the processes involved in the SC absorption of biotherapeutics is limited. This review summarizes available information on the physiology of the SC tissue and on the pharmacokinetic processes after SC administration including "first pass catabolism" at the administration site as well as transport in the extracellular matrix of the SC tissue, followed by absorption into the blood circulation or the lymphatic system. Both monoclonal antibodies and other biotherapeutics are discussed. Determinants of absorption after SC administration are summarized including compound properties such as charge or molecular weight. Scale-up of animal data to humans is discussed, including the current shortcomings of empirical scaling approaches and the lack of suitable mechanistic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang F Richter
- Non-clinical Safety, Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel, Switzerland
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Cooper MS, Ma MT, Sunassee K, Shaw KP, Williams JD, Paul RL, Donnelly PS, Blower PJ. Comparison of (64)Cu-complexing bifunctional chelators for radioimmunoconjugation: labeling efficiency, specific activity, and in vitro/in vivo stability. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1029-39. [PMID: 22471317 PMCID: PMC4756438 DOI: 10.1021/bc300037w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High radiolabeling efficiency, preferably to high specific activity, and good stability of the radioimmunoconjugate are essential features for a successful immunoconjugate for imaging or therapy. In this study, the radiolabeling efficiency, in vitro stability, and biodistribution of immunoconjugates with eight different bifunctional chelators labeled with (64)Cu were compared. The anti-CD20 antibody, rituximab, was conjugated to four macrocyclic bifunctional chelators (p-SCN-Bn-DOTA, p-SCN-Bn-Oxo-DO3A, p-SCN-NOTA, and p-SCN-PCTA), three DTPA derivatives (p-SCN-Bn-DTPA, p-SCN-CHX-A″-DTPA, and ITC-2B3M-DTPA), and a macrobicyclic hexamine (sarcophagine) chelator (sar-CO2H) = (1-NH2-8-NHCO(CH2)3CO2H)sar where sar = sarcophagine = 3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]icosane). Radiolabeling efficiency under various conditions, in vitro stability in serum at 37 °C, and in vivo biodistribution and imaging in normal mice over 48 h were studied. All chelators except sar-CO2H were conjugated to rituximab by thiourea bond formation with an average of 4.9 ± 0.9 chelators per antibody molecule. Sar-CO2H was conjugated to rituximab by amide bond formation with 0.5 chelators per antibody molecule. Efficiencies of (64)Cu radiolabeling were dependent on the concentration of immunoconjugate. Notably, the (64)Cu-NOTA-rituximab conjugate demonstrated the highest radiochemical yield (95%) under very dilute conditions (31 nM NOTA-rituximab conjugate). Similarly, sar-CO-rituximab, containing 1/10th the number of chelators per antibody compared to that of other conjugates, retained high labeling efficiency (98%) at an antibody concentration of 250 nM. In contrast to the radioimmunoconjugates containing DTPA derivatives, which demonstrated poor serum stability, all macrocyclic radioimmunoconjugates were very stable in serum with <6% dissociation of (64)Cu over 48 h. In vivo biodistribution profiles in normal female Balb/C mice were similar for all the macrocyclic radioimmunoconjugates with most of the activity remaining in the blood pool up to 48 h. While all the macrocyclic bifunctional chelators are suitable for molecular imaging using (64)Cu-labeled antibody conjugates, NOTA and sar-CO2H show significant advantages over the others in that they can be radiolabeled rapidly at room temperature, under dilute conditions, resulting in high specific activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie S. Cooper
- King’s College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, 4 Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, SE1 7EH, London
| | - Michelle T. Ma
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Kavitha Sunassee
- King’s College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, 4 Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, SE1 7EH, London
| | - Karen P. Shaw
- King’s College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, 4 Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, SE1 7EH, London
| | - Jennifer D. Williams
- King’s College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, 4 Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, SE1 7EH, London
| | - Rowena L. Paul
- King’s College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, 4 Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, SE1 7EH, London
| | - Paul S. Donnelly
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Philip J. Blower
- King’s College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, 4 Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, SE1 7EH, London
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Zeglis BM, Mohindra P, Weissmann GI, Divilov V, Hilderbrand SA, Weissleder R, Lewis JS. Modular strategy for the construction of radiometalated antibodies for positron emission tomography based on inverse electron demand Diels-Alder click chemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:2048-59. [PMID: 21877749 PMCID: PMC3197258 DOI: 10.1021/bc200288d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
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A modular system for the construction of radiometalated antibodies was developed based on the bioorthogonal cycloaddition reaction between 3-(4-benzylamino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine and the strained dienophile norbornene. The well-characterized, HER2-specific antibody trastuzumab and the positron emitting radioisotopes 64Cu and 89Zr were employed as a model system. The antibody was first covalently coupled to norbornene, and this stock of norbornene-modified antibody was then reacted with tetrazines bearing the chelators 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclo-dodecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) or desferrioxamine (DFO) and subsequently radiometalated with 64Cu and 89Zr, respectively. The modification strategy is simple and robust, and the resultant radiometalated constructs were obtained in high specific activity (2.7–5.3 mCi/mg). For a given initial stoichiometric ratio of norbornene to antibody, the 64Cu-DOTA- and 89Zr-DFO-based probes were shown to be nearly identical in terms of stability, the number of chelates per antibody, and immunoreactivity (>93% in all cases). In vivo PET imaging and acute biodistribution experiments revealed significant, specific uptake of the 64Cu- and 89Zr-trastuzumab bioconjugates in HER2-positive BT-474 xenografts, with little background uptake in HER2-negative MDA-MB-468 xenografts or other tissues. This modular system—one in which the divergent point is a single covalently modified antibody stock that can be reacted selectively with various chelators—will allow for both greater versatility and more facile cross-comparisons in the development of antibody-based radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Zeglis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
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Zeglis BM, Lewis JS. A practical guide to the construction of radiometallated bioconjugates for positron emission tomography. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:6168-95. [PMID: 21442098 PMCID: PMC3773488 DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01595d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) has become a vital imaging modality in the diagnosis and treatment of disease, most notably cancer. A wide array of small molecule PET radiotracers have been developed that employ the short half-life radionuclides (11)C, (13)N, (15)O, and (18)F. However, PET radiopharmaceuticals based on biomolecular targeting vectors have been the subject of dramatically increased research in both the laboratory and the clinic. Typically based on antibodies, oligopeptides, or oligonucleotides, these tracers have longer biological half-lives than their small molecule counterparts and thus require labeling with radionuclides with longer, complementary radioactive half-lives, such as the metallic isotopes (64)Cu, (68)Ga, (86)Y, and (89)Zr. Each bioconjugate radiopharmaceutical has four component parts: biomolecular vector, radiometal, chelator, and covalent link between chelator and biomolecule. With the exception of the radiometal, a tremendous variety of choices exists for each of these pieces, and a plethora of different chelation, conjugation, and radiometallation strategies have been utilized to create agents ranging from (68)Ga-labeled pentapeptides to (89)Zr-labeled monoclonal antibodies. Herein, the authors present a practical guide to the construction of radiometal-based PET bioconjugates, in which the design choices and synthetic details of a wide range of biomolecular tracers from the literature are collected in a single reference. In assembling this information, the authors hope both to illuminate the diverse methods employed in the synthesis of these agents and also to create a useful reference for molecular imaging researchers both experienced and new to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Zeglis
- Department of Radiology and Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. Fax: (646)-888-3039; Tel: (646)-888-3038
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Department of Radiology and Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. Fax: (646)-888-3039; Tel: (646)-888-3038
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Wängler C, Schäfer M, Schirrmacher R, Bartenstein P, Wängler B. DOTA derivatives for site-specific biomolecule-modification via click chemistry: synthesis and comparison of reaction characteristics. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:3864-74. [PMID: 21620712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high stability of its complexes with many M(2+) and M(3+)-ions, DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid) is the most commonly used chelator for the derivatization and radiolabeling of bioactive molecules. Most of the currently used DOTA derivatives comprise amine-reactive functionalities, limiting their application to the derivatization of fully protected molecules or otherwise resulting in randomly distributed conjugation sites of undefined number. Click chemistry reactions are a valuable alternative to this unspecific conjugation as they proceed efficiently and chemoselectively under mild conditions allowing a site-specific derivatization of unprotected biomolecules. In this work, we describe straightforward syntheses of DOTA derivatives containing thiol, maleimide, aminooxy, aldehyde, alkyne, and azide functionalities, amenable to the currently most often used click chemistry reactions. Furthermore, the efficiency of the respective click reactions introducing DOTA into bioactive molecules was investigated. For each of the synthesized DOTA synthons, the site-specific and efficient conjugation to Tyr(3)-octreotate could be shown. Among these, the addition and oxime formation reactions proceeded fast and without side reactions, giving the products in high yields of 64-83% after purification. The copper-catalyzed triazole formation reactions produced some side-products, giving the desired products in lower, but still reasonable overall yields of 19-25%. All synthesized peptide-DOTA-conjugates were labeled with (68)Ga in high radiochemical yields of 96-99% and high specific activities providing compounds of high purity, demonstrating the applicability of all synthons for biomolecule modification and subsequent radiolabeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Wängler
- University Hospital Munich, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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SYNTHESIS OF TERPYRIDINEFUNCTIONALIZED POLY( N-ISOPROPYLACYLAMIDE)S AND THEIR METAL COMPLEXES. ACTA POLYM SIN 2010. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2010.09467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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