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Gubelit YI. Studies of Lacustrine Phytoperiphyton: Current Trends and Prospects Considering Algae-Bacteria Interactions. RUSS J ECOL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413622060054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang L, Ge F, Zhang S, Li X, Peng X, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Wu Z, Liu B. Potential effects of Cladophora oligoclora Decomposition: Microhabitat variation and Microcystis aeruginosa growth response. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114236. [PMID: 36326555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Excessive proliferation of filamentous green algae (FGA) is a new ecological problem in lake systems that have not yet reached a steady state. However, knowledge on how FGA decomposition affects the physical and chemical properties of microhabitats, and whether FGA decomposition stimulates the growth of harmful microalgae in the same niche and promotes the formation of harmful algal blooms remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the decomposing effect of a typical FGA, Cladophora oligoclora, on the density and photosynthetic capacity of Microcystis aeruginosa. C. oligoclora decomposition was characterized under different conditions, namely, unshaded and aerobic, unshaded and anoxic, shaded and anaerobic, and shaded and anoxic, which represented different environmental states in the sedimentation process of decaying C. oligoclora mats from water surface to sediment. The shaded and anaerobic treatment significantly decreased the dissolved oxygen and pH of the culture medium by 66.48 % and 7.21 %, respectively, whereas the conductivity and total organic carbon increased by 71.17 and 70.19 times compared with the control group, respectively. This indicated that the decomposing C. oligoclora deposited at the bottom under dark and anaerobic conditions in natural waters had the greatest impact on the lake environment. Further, the cell density of M. aeruginosa was higher than that in the control group with low concentration (10 % of decomposing solution), whereas the cell density and photosynthetic activity decreased significantly at high concentration of the decomposing solution. Fatty acids and phenolic acids were identified as the main Cyanobacteria-inhibiting active substances in the organic acid components of the decomposing solution. Furthermore, phenol, 4-methyl- and indole compounds were active organic lipophilic compounds in the residue and solution of decomposing C. oligoclora were difficult to degrade. Our findings will be valuable for understanding the succession relationships between FGA and cyanobacteria, which have the same niche in lake ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Fangjie Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qiaohong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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Creusot N, Chaumet B, Eon M, Mazzella N, Moreira A, Morin S. Metabolomics insight into the influence of environmental factors in responses of freshwater biofilms to the model herbicide diuron. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:29332-29347. [PMID: 34731421 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17072-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater biofilms have been increasingly used during the last decade in ecotoxicology due to their ecological relevance to assess the effect(s) of environmental stress at the community level. Despite growing knowledge about the effect of various stressors on the structure and the function of these microbial communities, a strong research effort is still required to better understand their response to chemical stress and the influence of environmental stressors in this response. To tackle this challenge, untargeted metabolomics is an approach of choice because of its capacity to give an integrative picture of the exposure to multiple stress and associated effect as well as identifying the molecular pathways involved in these responses. In this context, the present study aimed to explore the use of an untargeted metabolomics approach to unravel at the molecular/biochemical level the response of the whole biofilm to chemical stress and the influence of various environmental factors in this response. To this end, archived high-resolution mass spectrometry data from previous experiments at our laboratory on the effect of the model photosynthesis inhibitor diuron on freshwater biofilm were investigated by using innovative solutions for OMICs data (e.g., DRomics) and more usual chemometric approaches (multivariate and univariate statistical analyses). The results showed a faster (1 min) and more sensitive response of the metabolome to diuron than usual functional descriptors, including photosynthesis. Also, the metabolomics response to diuron resulted from metabolites following various trends (increasing, decreasing, U/bell shape) along increasing concentration and time. This metabolomics response was influenced by the temperature, photoperiod, and flow. A focus on a plant-specific omega-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) playing a key role in the trophic chain highlighted the potential relevance of metabolomics approach to establish the link between molecular alteration and ecosystem structure/functioning impairment but also how complex is the response and the influence of all the tested factors on this response at the metabolomics level. Altogether, our results underline that more fundamental researches are needed to decipher the metabolomics response of freshwater biofilm to chemical stress and its link with physiological, structural, and functional responses toward the unraveling of adverse outcome pathways (AOP) for key ecosystem functions (e.g., primary production).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Creusot
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas Cedex, France.
- Plateforme Bordeaux Metabolome, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Betty Chaumet
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Mélissa Eon
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Mazzella
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Moreira
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Soizic Morin
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas Cedex, France
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Apostolopoulou NG, Smeti E, Lamorgese M, Varkitzi I, Whitfield P, Regnault C, Spatharis S. Microalgae show a range of responses to exometabolites of foreign species. ALGAL RES 2022; 62:None. [PMID: 35311224 PMCID: PMC8924005 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Studies on microalgae interspecific interactions have so far focused either on nutrient competition or allelopathic effects due to excreted substances from Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) species. Evidence from plants, bacteria and specific microalgae groups, point to a range of responses mediated by sensing or direct chemical impact of exometabolites from foreign species. Such processes remain under-investigated, especially in non-HAB microalgae, despite the importance of such knowledge in ecology and industrial applications. Here, we study the directional effect of exometabolites of 4 "foreign" species Heterosigma akashiwo, Phaeocystis sp., Tetraselmis sp. and Thalassiosira sp. to each of three "target" species across a total of 12 treatments. We disentangle these effects from nutrient competition by adding cell free medium of each "foreign" species into our treatment cultures. We measured the biomass response, to the foreign exometabolites, as cell number and photosynthetic biomass (Chla), whereas nutrient use was measured as residual phosphorus (PO4) and intracellular phosphorus (P). Exometabolites from filtrate of foreign species were putatively annotated by untargeted metabolomics analysis and were discussed in association to observed responses of target species. Among others, these metabolites included L-histidinal, Tiliacorine and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). Our findings show that species show a range of responses with the most common being biomass suppression, and less frequent biomass enhancement and intracellular P storage. Filtrate from the green microalgae Tetraselmis caused the most pronounced negative effects suggesting that non-HAB species can also cause negative chemical interference. A candidate metabolite inducing this response is L-histidinal which was measured in high abundance uniquely in Tetraselmis and its L-histidine form derived from bacteria was previously confirmed as a microalgal algicidal. H. akashiwo also induced biomass suppression on other microalgae and a candidate metabolite for this response is Tiliacorine, a plant-derived alkaloid with confirmed cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia G. Apostolopoulou
- Department of Ecology and Systematics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679, Greece
- School of Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Evangelia Smeti
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, HCMR Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, PO Box 713, Anavyssos 19013, Greece
| | | | - Ioanna Varkitzi
- Institute of Oceanography, HCMR Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, PO Box 713, Anavyssos 19013, Greece
| | | | | | - Sofie Spatharis
- School of Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
- Corresponding author at: School of Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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Śliwińska-Wilczewska S, Wiśniewska K, Konarzewska Z, Cieszyńska A, Barreiro Felpeto A, Lewandowska AU, Latała A. The current state of knowledge on taxonomy, modulating factors, ecological roles, and mode of action of phytoplankton allelochemicals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145681. [PMID: 33940759 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Allelopathy is widespread in marine, brackish, and freshwater habitats. Literature data indicate that allelopathy could offer a competitive advantage for some phytoplankton species by reducing the growth of competitors. It is also believed that allelopathy may affect species succession. Thus, allelopathy may play a role in the development of blooms. Over the past few decades, the world's coastal waters have experienced increases in the numbers of cyanobacterial and microalgal blooming events. Understanding how allelopathy is implicated with other biological and environmental factors as a bloom-development mechanism is an important topic for future research. This review focuses on a taxonomic overview of allelopathic cyanobacteria and microalgae, the biological and environmental factors that affect allelochemical production, their role in ecological dynamics, and their physiological modes of action, as well as potential industrial applications of allelopathic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Śliwińska-Wilczewska
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Kinga Wiśniewska
- Division of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Zofia Konarzewska
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Agata Cieszyńska
- Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Marine Physics, Marine Biophysics Laboratory, Sopot, Poland
| | - Aldo Barreiro Felpeto
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research-CIMAR/CIIMAR, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Anita U Lewandowska
- Division of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Adam Latała
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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Zuo S, Yang H, Jiang X, Ma Y. Magnetic Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles enhance cyanobactericidal effect of allelopathic p-hydroxybenzoic acid on Microcystis aeruginosa by enhancing hydroxyl radical production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145201. [PMID: 33515889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, considerable progress has been made in the environmental application of nanotechnology. However, little is known about how nanomaterials might affect the cyanobacterial suppression potential of allelochemicals. In this study, a microcosm was employed to simulate and verify the effect of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MFN) on the inhibitory influence of allelopathic hydroxybenzoic acid (p-Ha) on bloom-forming Microcystis aeruginosa. MFN had a hormetic effect on cyanobacterial growth. At a neutral concentration of 182 mg/L, MFN enhanced the algal suppression by p-Ha and decreased the IC50 by half, which was significantly and positively associated with the amount of OH. Furthermore, adding MFN induced a stronger physiological response than treatment with only p-Ha. The cellular integrity was severely disrupted for the cyanobacterium M. aeruginosa. The total protein content decreased rapidly to inactivate the algae by limiting the amounts of extracellular microcystin and polysaccharide released. The modification of the effect of p-Ha by MFN was reflected by the intracellular NO content of M. aeruginosa. In addition, the typical radical scavengers ascorbic acid and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide decreased OH production to weaken algal suppression under the combined treatment with p-Ha and MFN. By contrast, the addition of Fe3+ and increasing the light intensity triggered the generation of OH and strong cyanobacterial suppression. Thus, MFN could enhance the cyanobacterial control efficiency of p-Ha and decrease the input of allelochemicals in the field. These findings suggest a novel mode of allelochemical modification by nanomaterials as a promising cyanobactericide for harmful algal bloom management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengpeng Zuo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003, PR China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003, PR China
| | - Yongqing Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, PR China
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Gubelit YI, Grossart HP. New Methods, New Concepts: What Can Be Applied to Freshwater Periphyton? Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1275. [PMID: 32670226 PMCID: PMC7328189 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial interactions play an essential role in aquatic ecosystems and are of the great interest for both marine and freshwater ecologists. Recent development of new technologies and methods allowed to reveal many functional mechanisms and create new concepts. Yet, many fundamental aspects of microbial interactions have been almost exclusively studied for marine pelagic and benthic ecosystems. These studies resulted in a formulation of the Black Queen Hypothesis, a development of the phycosphere concept for pelagic communities, and a realization of microbial communication as a key mechanism for microbial interactions. In freshwater ecosystems, especially for periphyton communities, studies focus mainly on physiology, biodiversity, biological indication, and assessment, but the many aspects of microbial interactions are neglected to a large extent. Since periphyton plays a great role for aquatic nutrient cycling, provides the basis for water purification, and can be regarded as a hotspot of microbial biodiversity, we highlight that more in-depth studies on microbial interactions in periphyton are needed to improve our understanding on functioning of freshwater ecosystems. In this paper we first present an overview on recent concepts (e.g., the "Black Queen Hypothesis") derived from state-of-the-art OMICS methods including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabolomics. We then point to the avenues how these methods can be applied for future studies on biodiversity and the ecological role of freshwater periphyton, a yet largely neglected component of many freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia I. Gubelit
- Laboratory of Freshwater Hydrobiology, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz-Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
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Allen JL, Ten-Hage L, Leflaive J. Regulation of Fatty Acid Production and Release in Benthic Algae: Could Parallel Allelopathy Be Explained with Plant Defence Theories? MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 75:609-621. [PMID: 28986712 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms produce chemical compounds, generally referred as secondary metabolites, to defend against predators and competitors (allelopathic compounds). Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the interaction between environmental factors and secondary metabolites production. However, microalgae commonly use simple metabolites having a role in primary metabolism as allelopathic compounds. The aim of this study was to determine whether classical theories of plant chemical defences could be applied to microalgae producing allelochemicals derived from the primary metabolism. Our study was designed to investigate how growth phase, algal population density, nutrient limitation and carbon assimilation affect the production and release of allelopathic free fatty acids (FFAs) among other FFAs. The model species used was Uronema confervicolum, a benthic filamentous green alga that produces two allelopathic FFAs (linoleic and α-linolenic acids) inhibiting diatom growth. FFAs have been quantified in algal biomass and in culture medium. Our results were analysed according to two classical plant defence theories: the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis (GDBH) and the optimal defence theory (ODT), based on the metabolic capacities for defence production and on the need for defence, respectively. While a higher production of allelopathic compounds under increased light conditions supports the use of GDBH with this microalga, the observation of a negative feedback mechanism mostly supports ODT. Therefore, both theories were insufficient to explain all the observed effects of environmental factors on the production of these allelochemicals. This highlights the needs of new theories and models to better describe chemical interactions of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey L Allen
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Loïc Ten-Hage
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Joséphine Leflaive
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- EcoLab (Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France.
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Allen JL, Ten-Hage L, Leflaive J. Allelopathic interactions involving benthic phototrophic microorganisms. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2016; 8:752-762. [PMID: 27337369 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As a way to prevent resource depletion by other species, many phototrophic aquatic microorganisms produce inhibitory compounds. This process, known as allelopathy, has been widely studied in planktonic environments, where it is recognized as being a driving force of planktonic communities. However, in benthic environments, biofilms provide very particular micro-environments. The present review focuses on allelopathic interactions involving benthic phototrophic prokaryotes and micro-eukaryotes ('microalgae'), which generally form biofilms, and includes any interaction involving benthic microalgae either as the emitter or as the target in both marine and freshwater habitats. To support our hypothesis on the importance of allelopathy in biofilms due to the particularities of biofilms, we show that (i) reported allelopathic species and compounds are diverse and numerous in the three major groups of benthic phototrophic microorganisms, (ii) allelopathic benthic species could affect community composition, (iii) allelopathy in biofilms is currently underestimated because of the lack of suitable methods. As benthic primary producers represent an important source of organic carbon in some streams and littoral areas, these interactions could impact the whole ecosystem in these areas, probably more than in areas dominated by planktonic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey L Allen
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Loïc Ten-Hage
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Faure D, Bonin P, Duran R. Environmental microbiology reveals the Earth secret life. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:13573-13576. [PMID: 26162441 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Faure
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS-CEA-Université Paris-Sud, Saclay Plant Sciences, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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