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Mtetwa HN, Amoah ID, Kumari S, Bux F, Reddy P. Optimisation of analytical methods for tuberculosis drug detection in wastewater: A multinational study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30720. [PMID: 38770326 PMCID: PMC11103419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a robust tool for disease surveillance and monitoring of pharmaceutical consumption. However, monitoring tuberculosis (TB) drug consumption faces challenges due to limited data availability. This study aimed to optimise methods for detecting TB drugs in treated and untreated wastewater from four African countries: South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, and Cameroon. The limit of detection (LOD) for these drugs ranged from a minimum of 2.20 (±1.02) for rifampicin to a maximum of 2.95 (±0.79) for pyrazinamide. A parallel trend was observed concerning the limit of quantification (LOQ), with rifampicin reporting the lowest average LOQ of 7.33 (±3.44) and pyrazinamide showing the highest average LOQ of 9.81 (±2.64). The variance in LOD and LOQ values could be attributed to factors such as drug polarity. Erythromycin and rifampicin exhibited moderately polar LogP values (2.6 and 2.95), indicating higher lipid affinity and lower water affinity. Conversely, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and isoniazid displayed polar LogP values (-0.059, -0.6, and -0.7), suggesting lower lipid affinity and greater water affinity. The study revealed that storing wastewater samples for up to 5 days did not result in significant drug concentration loss, with concentration reduction remaining below 1 log throughout the storage period. Application of the optimised method for drug detection and quantification in both treated and untreated wastewater unveiled varied results. Detection frequencies varied among drugs, with ethambutol consistently most detected, while pyrazinamide and isoniazid were least detected in wastewater from only two countries. Most untreated wastewater samples had undetectable drug concentrations, ranging from 1.21 ng/mL for erythromycin to 54.61 ng/mL for isoniazid. This variability may suggest differences in drug consumption within connected communities. In treated wastewater samples, detectable drug concentrations ranged from 1.27 ng/mL for isoniazid to 10.20 ng/mL for ethambutol. Wastewater treatment plants exhibited variable removal efficiencies for different drugs, emphasising the need for further optimisation. Detecting these drugs in treated wastewater suggests potential surface water contamination and subsequent risks of human exposure, underscoring continued research's importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hlengiwe N. Mtetwa
- Department of Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology (IWWT), Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Isaac D. Amoah
- The University of Arizona, The Department of Environmental Science, Shantz Building Rm 4291177 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology (IWWT), Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Faizal Bux
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology (IWWT), Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Poovendhree Reddy
- Department of Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology (IWWT), Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Yang W, Bu Q, Shi Q, Zhao R, Huang H, Yang L, Tang J, Ma Y. Emerging Contaminants in the Effluent of Wastewater Should Be Regulated: Which and to What Extent? TOXICS 2024; 12:309. [PMID: 38787088 PMCID: PMC11125804 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Effluent discharged from urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a major source of emerging contaminants (ECs) requiring effective regulation. To this end, we collected discharge datasets of pharmaceuticals (PHACs) and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), representing two primary categories of ECs, from Chinese WWTP effluent from 2012 to 2022 to establish an exposure database. Moreover, high-risk ECs' long-term water quality criteria (LWQC) were derived using the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) method. A total of 140 ECs (124 PHACs and 16 EDCs) were identified, with concentrations ranging from N.D. (not detected) to 706 μg/L. Most data were concentrated in coastal regions and Gansu, with high ecological risk observed in Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Guangdong, and Hong Kong. Using the assessment factor (AF) method, 18 high-risk ECs requiring regulation were identified. However, only three of them, namely carbamazepine, ibuprofen, and bisphenol-A, met the derivation requirements of the SSD method. The LWQC for these three ECs were determined as 96.4, 1010, and 288 ng/L, respectively. Exposure data for carbamazepine and bisphenol-A surpassed their derived LWQC, indicating a need for heightened attention to these contaminants. This study elucidates the occurrence and risks of ECs in Chinese WWTPs and provides theoretical and data foundations for EC management in urban sewage facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China (Q.S.)
| | - Qingwei Bu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China (Q.S.)
| | - Qianhui Shi
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China (Q.S.)
| | - Ruiqing Zhao
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China (Q.S.)
| | - Haitao Huang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China (Q.S.)
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yuning Ma
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Yin P, Wang Q, Li S, Hao L, Wang C, Wang Z, Wu Q. One-step preparation of carboxyl-functionalized porous organic polymer as sorbent for enrichment of phenols in bottled water, juice and honey samples. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1714:464568. [PMID: 38086188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a novel carboxyl-functionalized porous organic polymer (COOH-POP) was prepared as sorbent. Due to multiple hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions between COOH-POP and phenols, COOH-POP shows good enrichment ability and very fast adsorption rate for phenols. Then, an analytical method was developed for determination of five phenols (2-chlorophenol, bisphenol A, 2,6-dichlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and p-tert-butylphenol) in bottled water, lemon juice, peach juice and honey samples using COOH-POP as solid phase extraction sorbent in combination with high performance liquid chromatography. Under optimal conditions, the COOH-POP based method gave the detection limits (S/N = 3) of 0.02-0.10 ng mL-1 for bottled water, 0.03-0.12 ng mL-1 for lemon juice, 0.03-0.25 ng mL-1 for peach juice and 0.7-1.5 ng g-1 for honey samples. The recoveries for spiked samples ranged from 84.0 % to 119.0 % with relative standard deviation less than 7.6 %. This study provides a new yet effective method for enrichment of phenols by designing carboxyl-functionalized porous organic polymer as sorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Yin
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Shuofeng Li
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Lin Hao
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qiuhua Wu
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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Silori R, Kumar M, Madhab Mahapatra D, Biswas P, Prakash Vellanki B, Mahlknecht J, Mohammad Tauseef S, Barcelo D. Prevalence of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the urban wastewater treatment systems of Dehradun, India: Daunting presence of Estrone. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116673. [PMID: 37454796 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
We quantified the occurrences and seasonal variations of the target endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) at four (two major municipals, and two academic institutions) WWTPs in Dehradun city, Uttarakhand, India. The results showed estrone in higher concentrations at μgL-1 levels in influent among the WWTPs, compared to triclosan (TCS) at ngL-1 levels. An astounding concentration of 123.95 μgL-1 was recorded for the estrone in the influent, which is to date the highest ever recorded, globally. Statistical data treatment was performed to test the distribution of the data (Shapiro-Wilk, Anderson-Darling, Lilliefors, and Jarque-Bera tests), and the significant difference between the mean of the wastewater sample population (ANOVA: F statistics, p values, Mann-Whitney test, Tukey's and Dunn's post hoc analysis). Statistical data treatment indicated EDCs concentration with a bi-modal distribution. The Shapiro-Wilk, Anderson-Darling, Lilliefors, and Jarque-Bera tests elucidate a non-normal distribution for the EDCs sample data. A statistically significant difference (F = 8.46; p < 0.0001) in the seasonal data for the abundance of the target EDCs at the WWTPs have been observed. Highest and significantly different mean EDCs concentrations were recorded during the monsoon, compared to the spring (p = 0.025) and summer (p = 0.0004) seasons in the influent waters. The mean influent concentrations of TCS and estrone in monsoon were 66.45 ngL-1 and 78.02 μgL-1, respectively. Maximum removals were recorded for TCS, while maximum negative removal of ∼293% was observed for estrone in the WWTPs. Particularly, the high levels of estrone in the wastewater pose a significant threat as estrone presence could be led to feminization, dysregulation of reproduction in organisms, and carcinogenesis processes in the environment. This study critically highlights the limitation of the WWTPs in the treatment, degradation, and assimilation of EDCs leading to their hyperaccumulation at WWTP effluents, thereby posing a substantial threat to nearby aquatic ecosystems, human health, and the ecological balance of the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Silori
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
| | - Durga Madhab Mahapatra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Energy Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Pinakshi Biswas
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bhanu Prakash Vellanki
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Syed Mohammad Tauseef
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Damia Barcelo
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 1826, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
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YIN H, SUN T, ZHOU T, LIU X, PAN Y, WANG Y, LIU D. Simultaneous determination of nine APs and BPA in water by solid-phase extraction and GC–MS analysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2023.100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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Facile construction of Z-scheme AgBr/BiO(HCOO)0.75I0.25 photocatalyst for visible-light-driven BPA degradation: Catalytic kinetics, selectivity and mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhu Y, Sun Z, Deng Y, Liu F, Ruan W, Xie L. Mn 2O 3/Mn 3O 4-Cu 1.5Mn 1.5O 4 spinel as an efficient Fenton-like catalyst activating persulfate for the degradation of bisphenol A: Superoxide radicals dominate the reaction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156075. [PMID: 35598663 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a Mn2O3/Mn3O4-Cu1.5Mn1.5O4 spinel was fabricated and utilised as a catalyst to activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) leading to degradation of bisphenol A (BPA). The results showed that the system exhibited an excellent turnover frequency (TOF) of 2.7 × 10-3 s-1 and high stability. The amount of ion leaching was small and the degree of mineralisation was up to 66.2%. Superoxide radicals (O2-) were determined to be the dominant active species in the system. ≡Mn(II) and oxygen vacancies (Vo) were found to be the main active sites at the catalyst surface. The activation of PDS by the spinel catalyst and the reduction of dissolved oxygen both contributed to the production of O2- species. The synergistic effect of ≡Cu(I)/≡Cu(II) and ≡Mn(II)/≡Mn(III) redox pairs enabled the reaction to occur continuously. These results suggest the promise of this novel spinel catalyst in the removal of refractory organic compounds due to its excellent performance and stability. The catalyst may thus have great utility for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Zhu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zijing Sun
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yun Deng
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Fudong Liu
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Catalysis Cluster for Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations (REACT), NanoScience Technology Center (NSTC), University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States.
| | - Wenquan Ruan
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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8
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Synthetic Progestins in Waste and Surface Waters: Concentrations, Impacts and Ecological Risk. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040163. [PMID: 35448424 PMCID: PMC9026682 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic progestins (PGs) are a large family of hormones used in continuously growing amounts in human and animal contraception and medicinal therapies. Because wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are unable to eradicate PGs after excretion, they are discharged into aquatic systems, where they can also be regenerated from conjugated PG metabolites. This review summarises the concentrations of 12 PGs in waters from 2015 to 2021. The selected PGs were considered of particular interest due to their wide use, activity, and hormonal derivation (from testosterone, progesterone, and spirolactone). We concluded that PGs had been analysed in WWTPs influents and effluents and, to a lesser extent, in other matrices, including surface waters, where their concentrations range from ng/L to a few µg/L. Because of their high affinity for cell hormone receptors, PGs are endocrine disruptor compounds that may alter the reproductive fitness and development of biota. This review focused on their biological effects in fish, which are the most used aquatic model organisms to qualify the impacts of PGs, highlighting the risks that environmental concentrations pose to their health, fecundity, and fertility. It is concluded that PGs research should be expanded because of the still limited data on their environmental concentrations and effects.
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Yu Q, Yang X, Zhao F, Hu X, Ren H, Geng J. Occurrence and removal of progestogens from wastewater treatment plants in China: Spatiotemporal variation and process comparison. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 211:118038. [PMID: 35045367 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the overall occurrence and spatiotemporal variation of 19 progestogens in 608 samples collected from 17 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) distributed across China during four seasons. The aqueous removal efficiencies of progestogens were calculated and the efficacies of process segments, secondary and advanced processes, and process units in the removal of progestogens were explored. The results indicated that progestogens were widely detected in investigating WWTPs, with the progesterone, dydrogesterone, dienogest, ethisterone, and norethindrone were always dominant in the influent, secondary effluent, final effluent, and excess sludge. Seasonally, the influent exhibited more variability than the other matrices, that 10 progestogens concentrations varied significantly during the four seasons. Spatially, the influent concentrations of progestogens were generally higher in northern WWTPs than that in southern WWTPs during spring and summer. Eight progestogens were stably removed by the WWTPs across seasons, and most progestogens varied considerably in removal in different WWTPs. The conventional process segment was the dominant contributor to progestogen removal. The anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process and a combined process consisting of densadeg and cloth media filter and ultraviolet disinfection showed the highest removal of progestogens among various secondary and advanced treatment processes, respectively. Mass balance analysis showed that most progestogens were effectively eliminated in the aerobic unit, with biodegradation being the primary removal pathway. This study presents the first picture of the spatiotemporal dynamics of the distribution of progestogens in WWTPs of China and provides valuable information for better understanding of the occurrence and removal of progestogens in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fuzheng Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Anning West Road No. 88, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xianda Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jinju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Zhang NC, Hong ZF, Qiu RL, Chao YQ, Yu YF, A D. Removal pathway quantification and co-metabolic mechanism evaluation of alkylphenols from synthetic wastewater by phenolic root exudates in the rhizosphere of Phragmites australis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127269. [PMID: 34607026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic root exudates (PREs) released from wetland plants are potentially effective for accelerating the biodegradation of alkylphenols, yet the inherent behavior is still unclear. In this study, two representative root exudates (REs), namely p-coumaric acid (PREs) and oxalic acid (non-PREs) were exogenously added as specific and non-specific co-metabolic substrates, respectively, to elucidate the quantification of each removal pathway and degradation mechanism of co-metabolism for alkylphenols (i.e. p-tert-butylphenol (PTBP)) from synthetic wastewater. The results showed that soil adsorption (31-37%), microbial degradation (27-37%), and plant uptake (16-41%) are the main removal pathways of PTBP by PREs in the Phragmites australis rhizosphere. Both REs enriched anaerobic functional community (anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and denitrifying bacteria) and promoted the usage of PTBP as carbon source and/or electron donor. The activity of non-specific enzyme (polyphenol oxidase) was enhanced by RE which owning a significant positive correlation with bacterial abundance, whereas only PREs strengthened the activity of specific enzyme (monophenol oxidase) catalyzing the phenolic ring hydroxylation of PTBP followed by a dehydrogenation route. Moreover, exogenous PREs significantly improved the growth of degrading-related bacteria (Sphingomonas and Gemmatimonas), especially in unplanted soils with high activity of dioxygenase catalyzing the cleavage pathway of PTBP, instead of plant presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Chen Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Hong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rong-Liang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Chao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ya-Fei Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dan A
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
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Liang H, Gong J, Zhou K, Deng L, Chen J, Guo L, Jiang M, Lin J, Tang H, Liu X. Removal efficiencies and risk assessment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals at two wastewater treatment plants in South China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112758. [PMID: 34507038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are an important pollutant sources of the aquatic system. In this study, the removal efficiencies of eight typical EDCs at two domestic WWTPs in Dongguan City, China, are reported based on instrumental analysis and bioassay results. Bioactivities, including steroidogenesis-disrupting effects, estrogen receptor (ER)-binding activity, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-binding activity were evaluated using the H295R, MVLN, and H4IIE cell bioassays, respectively. The potential environmental risks of these residual EDCs were also evaluated. The results of instrumental analysis showed that nonylphenol was the major chemical type present among the eight tested EDCs. Meanwhile, concentrations of estrogen compounds including estrone, 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol, 17α-ethinyl estradiol, and diethylstilbestrol were relatively low. The removal rates of all eight EDCs were relatively high. Although the chemical analysis indicated high removal efficiency, the bioassay results showed that steroidogenesis-disrupting effects as well as ER-binding and AhR-binding activities remained, with E2-equivalent values of effluent samples ranging from 0.16 to 0.9 ng·L-1, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-equivalent values ranging from 0.61 to 4.09 ng L-1. Principal component analysis combined with regression analysis suggests that the chemicals analyzed in this study were partly responsible for these ER and AhR activities. Ecological risk assessment of the residual EDCs showed that estrone was the most hazardous chemical among the eight EDCs tested, with a risk quotient of 1.44-5.50. Overall, this study suggests that, despite high apparent removal efficiencies of typical EDCs, their bioactivities and potential ecological risks cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Liang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Jian Gong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kairu Zhou
- School of Public Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Langjing Deng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Lihao Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Mengzhu Jiang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Juntong Lin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Huanwen Tang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Xiaoshan Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
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Chiriac FL, Paun I, Pirvu F, Pascu LF, Galaon T. Occurrence and Fate of Bisphenol A and its Congeners in Two Wastewater Treatment Plants and Receiving Surface Waters in Romania. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:435-446. [PMID: 33179829 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the distribution and environmental fate of Bisphenol A (BPA), the 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP) metabolite, and 5 other bisphenol congeners in 2 municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and their receiving rivers in Romania. Accordingly, a new, highly sensitive and accurate solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated. This technique generated low limit of quantitation values: below 2.3 ng/L for surface water and less than 2.4 and 2.7 ng/L for WWTP effluent and influent water. The sum of detected analytes in wastewater was between 1337 and 16 118 ng/L for influent samples and between 15 and 96 ng/L for effluent samples. In surface water, the total of all compounds was somewhere between 34 and 240 ng/L. The highest concentration observed was for BPA in all 3 types of analyzed water (up to 9140 ng/L for influent, as high as 75 ng/L for effluent, and a maximum of 135 ng/L in surface waters). All analyzed samples were free of bisphenols B, C, and F. For all analytes detected in surface water, the concentration values were higher than those determined in the effluent samples, which may be caused by intrinsic contamination of the 2 rivers (Danube and Jiu Rivers). Values of environmental risk coefficients, calculated for both effluents and surface waters, indicated a low ecological risk or no ecological risk for 3 types of organisms (algae, daphnia, and fish). Human risk assessment calculation suggests no risk to human health as a result of the presence of BPA in either of the 2 rivers. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:435-446. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentina L Chiriac
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Paun
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florinela Pirvu
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luoana F Pascu
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Toma Galaon
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, Bucharest, Romania
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13
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López-Velázquez K, Guzmán-Mar JL, Saldarriaga-Noreña HA, Murillo-Tovar MA, Hinojosa-Reyes L, Villanueva-Rodríguez M. Occurrence and seasonal distribution of five selected endocrine-disrupting compounds in wastewater treatment plants of the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey, Mexico: The role of water quality parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116223. [PMID: 33316500 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Five endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) were determined in four urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) of the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey (MAM) in two seasonal periods (winter and summer). The MAM, one of the most urbanized areas in Mexico, is characterized by high industrial activity and population density, leading to extensive use of several EDCs. In the MAM, ∼90% of urban and industrial wastewater is treated in WWTPs, where EDCs can be partially eliminated. In this work, dissolved levels of 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2), bisphenol A (BPA), 4-nonylphenol (4NP), and 4-tert-octylphenol (4TOP) in wastewater were determined. The EDCs' determination was carried out through solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). High EDCs levels (0.4-450 ng/L) were found in the influents of WWTPs, while concentrations in the effluents ranged from 0.2 to 26.8 ng/L, with E2, EE2, and 4TOP being the most persistent. The Spearman correlation analysis revealed the association between E2 and EE2 (r = 0.4835, p < 0.05), and between BPA and 4NP (r = 0.5180, p < 0.05), suggesting that these EDCs have similar sources. Also, E2, BPA, and 4TOP were positively correlated with the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS) (r = 0.4080-0.5694, p < 0.05), indicating the association of the EDCs with the organic matter in the wastewater. The factor analysis confirmed the significant correlation of COD, BOD, TSS, temperature, and pH with the high occurrence of 4TOP during the summer. It was also confirmed that summer warmer temperatures favored the removal of BPA and 4NP in the studied WWTPs. Finally, the studied sites were classified by cluster analysis in three groups, revealing the impact that seasonality has on the behavior of the selected EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khirbet López-Velázquez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jorge L Guzmán-Mar
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Hugo A Saldarriaga-Noreña
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, 62209, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Mario A Murillo-Tovar
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, 62209, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Laura Hinojosa-Reyes
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Minerva Villanueva-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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Emerging Contaminants: Analysis, Aquatic Compartments and Water Pollution. EMERGING CONTAMINANTS VOL. 1 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-69079-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Luo Y, Chen H, Li D, Zhan M, Hou L, Dong W, Luo Y, Xie L. The effects of norethindrone on the ontogeny of gene expression along the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes in zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141554. [PMID: 32795812 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular effects of progestins on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes in fish prior to sexual differentiation. In this study, the effects of norethindrone (NET) on the ontogeny of HPG- and HPA-related genes in zebrafish embryo/early larvae prior to sexual differentiation were evaluated. Embryo/larvae were exposed to different concentrations (5, 50, 500 ng/L) of NET for 6 days. The levels of the transcripts of the genes closely related to the HPG and HPA axes were determined daily during 3 stages (embryo, embryo/larvae transition, and early larvae). The results showed that most genes were up-regulated and the ontogeny of genes in the HPA axis was earlier than that of HPG axis, especially for the upstream genes of both the HPG (gnrh2, gnrh3, fshb, lhb) and the HPA (crh, pomc, star) axes. In contrast, the transcriptional expressions of genes of the cortisol/stress pathway (cyp11b, mr) were inhibited and those of the progesterone pathway were not affected. More importantly, NET exposure induced the expressions of the genes (esr1, vtg1, hsd17b3, hsd11b2, ar) that are closely related to the steroid hormone pathways in the embryos/larvae stages, implying a precocious effects of NET in zebrafish. This study demonstrates that NET alters the expression of HPA- and HPG-axes related genes in zebrafish at early stages, pointing to the need for the same type of analysis during the zebrafish gonadal differentiation window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Luo
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongxing Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dan Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Manjun Zhan
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Liping Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Wu Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and toxicology, Tongliao 028043, China
| | - Yongju Luo
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Malea P, Kokkinidi D, Kevrekidou A, Adamakis IDS. Environmentally relevant bisphenol A concentrations effects on the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa different parts elongation: perceptive assessors of toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:7267-7279. [PMID: 31879884 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity data on bisphenol A (BPA) effects on aquatic macrophytes remain scarce. Therefore, environmentally relevant BPA concentrations (0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1, and 3 μg L-1) were tested on the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa different parts length increase. All plant parts, at low BPA concentrations (0.03-0.3 μg L-1), elongated equally to the control, while their lengthening and elongation rates gradually decreased by increasing BPA concentrations. A gradual increase of "Toxicity index" with increasing BPA concentrations was observed but was lower for juvenile blades and higher for plagiotropic rhizomes and adult leaves. In all parts, the LOECs were 0.3 and the NOECs 0.1 μg L-1 at 10th day. Juvenile blades displayed, under acute stress, lengthening inhibition at lower concentrations than the rhizomes and adult blades, but at a lower extent. The EC50 values were lower for the rhizome internodes, followed by the adult blades and higher for the juvenile blades. Using as a biological "endpoint" the elongation, all C. nodosa parts and specifically the rhizomes and adult blades, followed by intermediate blades, adult sheaths, and juvenile blades, seemed to be sensitive BPA toxicity assessors. The evaluation of the relative sensitivity of the different parts to BPA toxicity could help identify the most suitable seagrass part for early diagnosis of the risk posed by BPA to seagrass meadows and could constitute a valuable tool to derive the seawater quality criteria and to be used in BPA monitoring programs for rational management of the coastal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Malea
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Danae Kokkinidi
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alkistis Kevrekidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504, Patra, Greece
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17
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Hu Y, Zhu Q, Yan X, Liao C, Jiang G. Occurrence, fate and risk assessment of BPA and its substituents in wastewater treatment plant: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108732. [PMID: 31541806 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Several bisphenol analogues (BPs) are gradually replacing bisphenol A (BPA) in many fields, following strict restrictions on the production and use of BPA. The presence of micropollutants in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may pose risks to the aquatic ecosystem and human health. In this review, we outlined the occurrence and fate of BPs in WWTPs, and estimated their potential risks to the aquatic ecosystem. BPA is still the most predominant bisphenol analogue in WWTPs with high detection rate and concentration, followed by bisphenol S (BPS) and F (BPF). Biodegradation and adsorption are the main removal pathways for removal of BPs in WWTPs. The secondary (activated sludge process, biological aerated filter, and membrane bioreactor) and advanced (membrane technique, ultraviolet disinfection, adsorption process, and ozonation) treatment processes show high removal efficiency for BPs, which are influenced by many factors such as sludge retention time and redox conditions. BPs other than BPA (assessed in this review) in effluent of WWTPs have low risks to Daphnia magna and early life stages on medaka, while BPA shows a medium or high risk under certain conditions. Knowledge gaps have been identified and future line of research on this class of chemicals in WWTPs is recommended. More data are needed to illustrate the occurrence and fate of BPs in WWTPs. Environmental risks of BPs other than BPA initiating from wastewater discharge to aquatic organisms remain largely unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xueting Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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18
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Pinto C, Hao R, Grimaldi M, Thrikawala S, Boulahtouf A, Aït-Aïssa S, Brion F, Gustafsson JÅ, Balaguer P, Bondesson M. Differential activity of BPA, BPAF and BPC on zebrafish estrogen receptors in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 380:114709. [PMID: 31415773 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The high volume production compound bisphenol A (BPA) is of environmental concern largely because of its estrogenic activity. Consequently, BPA analogues have been synthesized to be considered as replacement molecules for BPA. These analogues need to be thoroughly evaluated for their estrogenic activity. Here, we combined mechanism zebrafish-based assays to examine estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities of BPA and two of its analogues, bisphenol AF (BPAF) and bisphenol C (BPC) in vitro and in vivo. In vitro reporter cell lines were used to investigate agonistic and antagonistic effects of the three bisphenols on the three zebrafish estrogen receptors. The transgenic Tg(5 × ERE:GFP) and Cyp19a1b-GFP zebrafish lines were then used to analyze estrogenic and anti-estrogenic responses of the three bisphenols in vivo. BPA, BPAF and BPC were agonists with different potencies for the three zebrafish estrogen receptors in vitro. The potent zfERα-mediated activity of BPA and BPAF in vitro resulted in vivo by activation of GFP expression in zebrafish larvae in the heart (zfERα-dependent) at lower concentrations, and in the liver (zfERβ-dependent) at higher concentrations. BPC induced zfERβ-mediated luciferase expression in vitro, and the zfERβ agonism led to activation of GFP expression in the liver and the brain in vivo. In addition, BPC acted as a full antagonist on zfERα, and completely inhibited estrogen-induced GFP expression in the heart of the zebrafish larvae. To summarize, applying a combination of zebrafish-based in vitro and in vivo methods to evaluate bisphenol analogues for estrogenic activity will facilitate the prioritization of these chemicals for further analysis in higher vertebrates as well as the risk assessment in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pinto
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Ruixin Hao
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Savini Thrikawala
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Selim Aït-Aïssa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - François Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Maria Bondesson
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
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Cui S, Zhang X, Liu J, Zhou L, Shang Y, Zhang C, Liu W, Zhuang S. Natural sunlight-driven aquatic toxicity enhancement of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol toward Photobacterium phosphoreum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:66-71. [PMID: 31071634 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tert-butylphenols (TBPs) are one group of alkylated phenolic compounds with wide applications in UV absorbers and antioxidants. They are becoming contaminants of emerging concern with residues frequently detected in natural surface water or drinking water. The direct sunlight may photolyze TBPs in waters and affect their aquatic toxicities; however, such data are very limited. In the present study, we investigate the photodegradation of 2,6-DTBP by direct sunlight in water and compare the aquatic toxicities of 2,6-DTBP with that of its product toward Photobacterium phosphoreum. 2,6-DTBP is photodegraded by 71.31 ± 2.64% under simulated sunlight following a pseudo-first-order kinetics with rate constant (k) of 0.061 h-1. Density functional theory simulations at M06-2X/def2-SVP level reveal that the photodegradation occurred sequentially through oxidation, photo-isomerization and hydrogenation. The degradation product 2,5-DTBP is toxic to P. phosphoreum (EC50 3.389 × 10-5 mol/L) whereas 2,6-DTBP is not harmful (EC50 3.917 × 10-3 mol/L) as designated by the European Union Standard, indicating the enhanced toxicities driven by the direct sunlight photodegradation. We demonstrate the enhanced toxicities of 2,6-DTBP by natural sunlight, suggesting that negligence of photodegradation of TBPs-related contaminants will underestimate the comprehensive risk of these emerging contaminant in natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixuan Cui
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Zhejiang Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, 310005, China
| | - Lihong Zhou
- Institute of Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Yukun Shang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chunlong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Houston-Clear Lake, 2700 Bay Area Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77058, USA
| | - Weiping Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shulin Zhuang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Yu Q, Geng J, Zong X, Zhang Y, Xu K, Hu H, Deng Y, Zhao F, Ren H. Occurrence and removal of progestagens in municipal wastewater treatment plants from different regions in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:1191-1199. [PMID: 31018459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Progestagens discharged from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have increasingly gained attention due to their potential risks to the aquatic organisms. However, limited information is available on the occurrence and removal of various progestagens in WWTPs in different cities of China. This work investigated the occurrence and removal of 11 progestagens in 21 WWTPs from 19 Chinese cities. Results showed that progestagens are widely distributed in the investigated WWTPs, with higher influent concentrations of total progestagens in northern WWTPs. The concentration of progestagens in WWTP influent were closely correlated with influent quality, service population and daily service volume of the WWTPs. Additionally, progesterone (PGT) and dydrogesterone (DDT) were two predominant progestagens in influent, effluent and excess sludge. Up to 5 of 11 progestagens showed high aqueous removal efficiencies (median removal efficiency >90%), whereas megestrol acetate (MTA), chlormadinone acetate (CMA), drospirenone (DSP) and levonorgestrel (LNG) had a removal efficiency of below 50%. Specially, the behaviors of progestagens along the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic of a WWTP were further explored and the aerobic tank is the main contributor to the removal of progestagens. Finally, in the effluent of these 21 WWTPs, daily mass loadings of the total progestagens ranged from 0.51 to 10.4 g d-1. Notably, LNG exhibited high potential risk to the fish base on risk quotient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xueying Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yongfeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fuzheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Yarahmadi H, Duy SV, Hachad M, Dorner S, Sauvé S, Prévost M. Seasonal variations of steroid hormones released by wastewater treatment plants to river water and sediments: Distribution between particulate and dissolved phases. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:144-155. [PMID: 29660718 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extensive environmental monitoring was conducted in an urban river impacted by multiple combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge points. Temporal and spatial distributions of dissolved and particulate steroids (progesterone (Prog), testosterone (Testo), medroxyprogesterone (MDRXY-Prog), levonorgestrel (Levo), norethindrone (Nore), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2)) were investigated in sewage, WWTP effluents, receiving river water and sediments, and in drinking water plant (DWP) intakes. Steroids were detected in both dissolved and particulate phases with mean concentrations from 21ngL-1 to 389ngL-1 in raw sewage and from 10ngL-1 to 296ngL-1 in treated wastewater. The particle-associated steroids represented 0-82% of their total concentration as some steroids like E1 and E3 were detected only in the dissolved phase while MDRXY-Prog (81%), Nore (71%), and EE2 (>75%) were primarily detected in the particulate phase. Particle-associated steroids were detected in spring samples from river water with mean concentrations ranging from 5.4ngL-1 to 35.7ngL-1 compare to 3ngL-1 to 6.8ngL-1 in summer samples. Levels of particle-associated Testo, Nore, E2 and Levo in DWP intakes (406.2-13,149.1ngg-1) were similar to those found in raw sewage (336.6-7628.8ngg-1), indicating their persistence in the suspended phase from discharge points. Total steroids measured in sediments were in the range of 7-1213ngg-1, 5-25ngg-1, and 22-226ngg-1 in autumn, spring, and summer, respectively. Our findings confirm the presence and seasonal variation of a mixture of particle-associated steroids in drinking water sources. The presence of high concentrations of a mixture of particle-associated steroids in DWP intakes highlight the need for highly effective particle-removal processes to eliminate these recalcitrant compounds during drinking water production. Finally, the detected concentrations raise concerns about their potential environmental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Yarahmadi
- Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering Department, Polytechnique de Montréal, CP 6079, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Sung Vo Duy
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, succ, Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mounia Hachad
- Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering Department, Polytechnique de Montréal, CP 6079, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Sarah Dorner
- Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering Department, Polytechnique de Montréal, CP 6079, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada; Canada Research Chair in Microbial Contaminant Dynamics in Source Waters, Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering Department, Polytechnique de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, succ, Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Michèle Prévost
- Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering Department, Polytechnique de Montréal, CP 6079, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada; NSERC Industrial Chair on Drinking Water, Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering Department, Polytechnique de Montréal, QC, Canada
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Wang J, Wang J, Liu J, Li J, Zhou L, Zhang H, Sun J, Zhuang S. The evaluation of endocrine disrupting effects of tert-butylphenols towards estrogenic receptor α, androgen receptor and thyroid hormone receptor β and aquatic toxicities towards freshwater organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:396-402. [PMID: 29753247 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The phenolic compounds have posed public concern for potential threats to human health and ecosystem. Tert-butylphenols (TBPs), as one group of emerging contaminants, showed potential endocrine disrupting effects and aquatic toxicities. In the present study, we detected concentrations of 2,4-DTBP ranging from <0.001 to 0.057 μg/L (detection limit: 0.001 μg/L) in drinking water source from the Qiantang River in East China in April 2016. The endocrine disrupting effects of 2-TBP, 2,4-DTBP and 2,6-DTBP toward human estrogen receptor α (ERα), androgen receptor (AR) and thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) were evaluated using human recombinant two-hybrid yeast bioassay. Their aquatic toxicities were investigated with indicator organisms including Photobacterium phosphoreum, Vibrio fischeri and freshwater green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. 2-TBP and 2,4-DTBP exhibited moderate antagonistic effects toward human ERα and AR in a concentration-dependent manner. 2-TBP significantly inhibited the light emission of P. phosphoreum. 2-TBP, 2,4-DTBP and 2,6-DTBP significantly inhibited the growth of C. reinhardtii and reduced the chlorophyll content. Our results suggest the potential adverse effects of TBPs on human health and aquatic organisms. The data will facilitate further risk assessment of TBPs and related contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jingpeng Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Zhejiang Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, 310005, China
| | - Jianzhi Li
- Shandong Solid Waste and Hazardous Chemicals Pollution Control Center, Ji'nan, 250117, China
| | - Lihong Zhou
- College of Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Huanxin Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jianteng Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Shulin Zhuang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Koumaki E, Mamais D, Noutsopoulos C. Assessment of the environmental fate of endocrine disrupting chemicals in rivers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 628-629:947-958. [PMID: 30045583 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory tests were conducted with five endocrine disruptors (bishenol A, triclosan. nonylphenol, nonylphenol monoethoxylate and nonylphenol diethoxylate) under different redox conditions (aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic and sulfate-reducing conditions) to assess abiotic and biotic degradation in a river water/sediment system. The river water sample was collected from Spercheios River while the sediment was collected from the banks of a tributary of the river at the point where the discharge point of a wastewater treatment plant is located. To describe quantitatively elimination kinetics of the target compounds, pseudo first-order kinetics were adopted. According to the results from the microcosms studies, it can be stated that the substances are eliminated from the aqueous phase with relatively high rates under aerobic conditions due to both sorption and biotransformation processes. However, when reduced oxygen conditions were established in the microcosms incubations, biotransformation decreased, indicating the almost complete cease of the EDCs microbial degradation, while substances' sorption onto sediments showed no significant differences. All compounds were found to be biodegradable under aerobic conditions, and the low to high order of the calculated dissipation rate constants was 0.064±0.004d-1 (TCS)→0.067±0.006d-1 (NP)→0.076±0.009d-1 (NP2EO)→0.081±0.007d-1 (NP1EO)→0.103±0.011d-1 (BPA). Finally, regarding the biotransformation experiments, the elimination of the compounds limited in the absence of oxygen as compared to aerobic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Koumaki
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece.
| | - Daniel Mamais
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Noutsopoulos
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece
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24
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Quaternary ammonium-functionalized MCM-48 mesoporous silica as a sorbent for the dispersive solid-phase extraction of endocrine disrupting compounds in water. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1557:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Wu B, Dai X, Chai X. Simultaneous enhancement of sludge dewaterability and removal of sludge-borne heavy metals through a novel oxidative leaching induced by nano-CaO 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:16263-16275. [PMID: 28540550 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The production of sewage sludge with the presence of various contaminants has been a serious issue for the operation of wastewater treatment plants on both the economical and environmental sides. To minimize the sludge volume to be handled and limit the potential environmental risk, this study developed a novel oxidative leaching process for enhanced sewage sludge dewatering and simultaneous removal of heavy metals based on nano-CaO2. Response surface methodology determined the following optimal conditioning parameters in terms of capillary suction time reduction: 0.0906 g/g dry solid (DS) nano-CaO2, 0.9969 mmol/g DS Fe2+, and pH of 5.59. The speciation partitioning analysis of the heavy metals pre and post nano-CaO2 peroxidation indicated that the content of organically bound metals decreased and the percentage of soluble fraction increased substantially, which was beneficial for the removal of heavy metals through the dewatering unit. Nano-CaO2 peroxidation could also induce the transformation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the tightly bound layers to the loosely bound layers of sewage sludge flocs. Through the decline of the Ryan-Weber constant of fluorescence titration and the pseudo-first-order kinetic constant of complexation, it was verified that the binding capacity of EPS with metal ions could be damaged by nano-CaO2 peroxidation, which was the primary mechanism behind the substantial reduction of organically bound metals. This study is believed to provide novel insights into the application of nanotechnology in terms of the simultaneous volume and toxicity reduction of sewage sludge. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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