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Sepehri S, Javadi Moghaddam J, Abdoli S, Asgari Lajayer B, Shu W, Price GW. Application of artificial intelligence in modeling of nitrate removal process using zero-valent iron nanoparticles-loaded carboxymethyl cellulose. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:262. [PMID: 38926193 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02089-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This study explores nitrate reduction in aqueous solutions using carboxymethyl cellulose loaded with zero-valent iron nanoparticles (Fe0-CMC). The structures of this nano-composite were characterized using various techniques. Based on the characterization results, the specific surface area of Fe0-CMC measured by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis were 39.6 m2/g. In addition, Scanning Electron Microscopy images displayed that spherical nano zero-valent iron particles (nZVI) with an average particle diameter of 80 nm are surrounded by carboxymethyl cellulose and no noticeable aggregates were detected. Batch experiments assessed Fe0-CMC's effectiveness in nitrate removal under diverse conditions including different adsorbent dosages (Cs, 2-10 mg/L), contact time (t, 10-1440 min), initial pH (pHi, 2-10), temperature (T, 10-55 °C), and initial concentration of nitrate (C0, 10-500 mg/L). Results indicated decreased removal with higher initial pHi and C0, while increased Cs and T enhanced removal. The study of nitrate removal mechanism by Fe0-CMC revealed that the redox reaction between immobilized nZVI on the CMC surface and nitrate ions was responsible for nitrate removal, and the main product of this reaction was ammonium, which was subsequently completely removed by the synthesized nanocomposite. In addition, a stable deviation quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm (SD-QPSO) and a least square error method were employed to train the ANFIS parameters. To demonstrate model performance, a quadratic polynomial function was proposed to display the performance of the SD-QPSO algorithm in which the constant parameters were optimized through the SD-QPSO algorithm. Sensitivity analysis was conducted on the proposed quadratic polynomial function by adding a constant deviation and removing each input using two different strategies. According to the sensitivity analysis, the predicted removal efficiency was most sensitive to changes in pHi, followed by Cs, T, C0, and t. The obtained results underscore the potential of the ANFIS model (R2 = 0.99803, RMSE = 0.9888), and polynomial function (R2 = 0.998256, RMSE = 1.7532) as accurate and efficient alternatives to time-consuming laboratory measurements for assessing nitrate removal efficiency. These models can offer rapid insights and predictions regarding the impact of various factors on the process, saving both time and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloome Sepehri
- Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31585-845, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Jalal Javadi Moghaddam
- Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31585-845, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sima Abdoli
- Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, PO Box 550, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Weixi Shu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, PO Box 550, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - G W Price
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, PO Box 550, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada.
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Wang C, Zhang Y, Luo H, Zhang H, Li W, Zhang WX, Yang J. Iron-Based Nanocatalysts for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200790. [PMID: 36103612 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate has a high level of stability and persistence in water, endangering human health and aquatic ecosystems. Due to its high reliability and efficiency, the electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3 RR) is regarded as the best available option for mitigating excess nitrate in water and wastewater, especially for the removal of trace levels of nitrate. One of the most critical factors in the electrochemical reduction are the catalysts, which directly affect the reaction efficiency of nitrate removal. Iron-based nanocatalysts, which have the advantages of nontoxicity, wide availability, and low cost, have emerged as a promising electrochemical NO3 RR material in recent years. This review covers major aspects of iron-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical NO3 RR, including synthetic methods, structural design, performance enhancement, electrocatalytic nitrate reduction test, and reduction mechanism. The recent progress of iron-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical NO3 RR and the mechanism of functional advantages for modified structures are reviewed from the perspectives of loading, doping, and assembly strategies, in order to realize the conversion from pollutant nitrate to harmless nitrogen or ammonia and other sustainable products. Finally, challenges and future directions for the development of low-cost and highly-efficient iron-based nanocatalysts are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yingbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hongxia Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei-Xian Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Zheng Y, Zhang X, Wu M, Liu Y, Zhan J. Enhanced selective nitrate-to-nitrogen reduction by aerosol-assisted iron-carbon composites: Insights into the key factors. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134819. [PMID: 35595108 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an aerosol-assisted Fe0/C (carbon supported zero-valent iron) composite was prepared and evaluated, which could effectively remove nitrate and exhibit high nitrogen selectivity. The results show that the selectivity of nitrogen for freshly prepared Fe0/C composites could reach 52.2% when pH at 7, compared to that of 7.7% for traditional nZVI. Meanwhile, the removal efficiency of nitrate was slightly increased from 63.5% to 69.9%. Furthermore, a variety of methods such as SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, BET, FTIR and TGA were used to characterize the Fe0/C composites before and after reaction. Hence, the following key factors were determined for the effective conversion from nitrate to nitrogen: the surface of zero valent iron particle should be protected from oxidation and its genuine characteristics are well retained; the reaction should be controlled under an anaerobic condition; and the carbon as the carrier to support iron particles is very important; lower initial pH favors nitrogen generation. Various materials including aged Fe0/C composites, Fe0/SiO2 (SiO2 supported zero-valent iron) composites and nZVI particles in the deoxygenated and oxygenated systems were assessed for comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueshi Zheng
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Minghuo Wu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Jingjing Zhan
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China.
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Bao QX, Liu Y, Liang YQ, Weerasooriya R, Li H, Wu YC, Chen X. Tea polyphenols mediated Zero-valent Iron/Reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for electrochemical determination of Hg2+. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ding C, Zeng WA, Zhao AJ, Yang M, Xie Y, Deng Y, Gong D, Duan M, Cai H, Xie P, Zhou Y, Wen Z. Montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron for thiamethoxam removal: response surface optimization and degradation pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:23113-23122. [PMID: 33439443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a highly efficient insecticide, thiamethoxam was widely used in the world. However, it was bioaccumulative and toxic to aquatic organisms that must be removed from water. In this work, nanoscale zero-valent iron particles loaded on montmorillonite (nZVI/Mt) were successfully synthesized for effective removal of thiamethoxam. The properties of nZVI/Mt for the removal of thiamethoxam were investigated, and the reaction conditions were optimized through response surface methodology. Furthermore, the degradation products were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The results demonstrated that the reaction activity of nZVI was enhanced because the agglomeration and oxidation of nZVI particles were effectively inhibited by using montmorillonite as a support. The significance of the effects of each factor on the removal of thiamethoxam was determined to be in the order of pH ˃ temperature ˃ reaction time ˃ nZVI/Mt dosage. The optimal conditions were as follows: a dosage of nZVI/Mt of 2 g/L, a reaction time of 2 h, a reaction temperature of 35 °C, and a solution pH of 3. The removal efficiency of thiamethoxam (C0 = 20 mg/L) was observed to be as high as 94.29% under the optimal conditions, which was close to the value of 94.47% that was predicted using the mathematical model, indicating that the model could accurately predict the removal efficiency of thiamethoxam. The degradation mechanism involved the -NO2 group on the thiamethoxam molecule was reduced and eliminated by nZVI/Mt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Ding
- College of Chemical and Material Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Wei-Ai Zeng
- Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - A-Juan Zhao
- Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Mengyun Yang
- College of Chemical and Material Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yanlan Xie
- College of Chemical and Material Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yaocheng Deng
- College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Daoxin Gong
- College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Meizheng Duan
- Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Hailin Cai
- Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Pengfei Xie
- Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Hunan Institute of Biotechnology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhiyong Wen
- College of Chemical and Material Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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Wang W, Wang K, Xu L, Li Y, Niu J. Raney nickel coupled nascent hydrogen as a novel strategy for enhanced reduction of nitrate and nitrite. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128187. [PMID: 33297153 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Raney nickel (R-Ni) is a cost-effective hydrogenation catalyst, and nascent hydrogen (Nas-H2) generated in situ on the cathode trends to more reactive than commercial hydrogen (Com-H2). In the present work, nitrate and nitrite (NOX-) reduction via R-Ni/Nas-H2 catalytic system was investigated. The results show that hydrogenation of NOX- (C0 = 3.0 mM) follows pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics with kinetic constants of 5.18 × 10-2 min-1 (NO3-) and 6.46 × 10-2 min-1 (NO2-). The saturation demand for Nas-H2 is only 0.8 mL min-1 at a fixed R-Ni dosage of 1.0 g L-1. The experiments reveal that both Nas-H2 and hydrogen adatoms (Hads∗) can drive the reduction of NOX-. The improved reduction ratios of NOX- are attributed to two aspects: (1) the micro/nano-sized Nas-H2 bubbles exhibits increased reactivity due to the fine dispersion of the hydrogen molecules; (2) the alkaline environment formed by the cathode positively maintain R-Ni activity, thus, Nas-H2 bubbles were more readily activated to generate powerful Hads∗. The results give insight into NOX- hydrogenation via introducing fine hydrogen resource, and can develop an efficient catalytic hydrogenation technique without noble metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, People's Republic of China.
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Effect and mechanism of graphene structured palladized zero-valent iron nanocomposite (nZVI-Pd/NG) for water denitration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9931. [PMID: 32555218 PMCID: PMC7303133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrate reduction by zero-valent iron-based materials has been extensively studied. However, the aggregation of nanoparticles and the preference for unfavored ammonia products limit the application of this technology. To overcome this issue, this study introduced a novel synthesized nanoscale palladized zero-valent iron graphene composite (nZVI-Pd/NG) and explored its nitrate reduction efficiency. A nitrate removal rate of 97.0% was achieved after 120 min of reaction for an initial nitrate concentration of 100 mg N/L. The nitrogen gas selectivity was enhanced from 0.4% to 15.6% at the end point compared to nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles under the same conditions. Further analyses revealed that zero-valent metal nanoparticles spread uniformly on the graphene surface, with a thin layer of iron (hydr)oxides dominated by magnetite. The nZVI-Pd/NG exhibited good catalytic activity with the associated activation energy of 17.6 kJ/mol being significantly lower than that with nZVI (42.8 kJ/mol). The acidic condition promoted a higher nZVI utilization rate, with the excess dosage of nZVI-Pd/NG ensuring a high nitrate removal rate for a wide pH range. This study demonstrates an improvement in nitrate reduction efficiency in a nZVI system by combining the exceptional properties of graphene and palladium.
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Liu X, Huang M, Bao S, Tang W, Fang T. Nitrate removal from low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio wastewater by combining iron-based chemical reduction and autotrophic denitrification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122731. [PMID: 31927457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate removal from low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) wastewater has always been a knotty problem due to the deficiency of organics. Here, a novel iron-based chemical reduction and autotrophic denitrification (ICAD) system was developed. ICAD system could maintain average nitrate removal efficiency of 97.2% for 131 days with feeding 20.3 mg NO3--N/L at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h. The optimal operational conditions was further explored, and results demonstrated that average nitrate removal efficiency of 85.5% and 98.4% could be achieved at HRT of 12 h and 24 h (influent 20.3 mg NO3--N/L), while average nitrate removal efficiency could reach 96.3% at optimal HRT of 12 h (influent 10.3 mg NO3--N/L). Hydrogenophaga, which can carry out hydrogenotrophic denitrification, showed a positive correlation with nitrate removal efficiency of the ICAD system. Low cost and simple operation make the ICAD system suitable for large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiawei Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Manqi Huang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaopan Bao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tao Fang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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