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Zhong X, Su G, Hao L, Chen H, Li C, Xu H, Zhou H, Zhou X. Foliar application of glycine-functionalized nanopesticides for effective prevention and control of root-knot nematodes via a targeted delivery strategy. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2120-2130. [PMID: 38145906 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are the highly damaging pests for various crops, and the prevalence of RKNs has posed serious threats to worldwide agricultural harvest, severely affecting global food security and ecosystem health. Traditional pesticide systems on controlling RKNs generally cause environmental hazards and phytotoxicity due to the excessive use of pesticides resulted from low utilization efficiency. And effective approaches with biosafe and efficient features are highly demanded to break away from the dilemma caused by RKNs. RESULTS In this research, a nanopesticide system with root-targeted delivery function was developed to achieve effective prevention and control of RKNs. The nanocarriers (MSN-KH560-Gly) and the obtained nanopesticides (EB@MSN-KH560-Gly) were proved to be biosafe. Also, this nanopesticide system demonstrated sustained release behavior. The grafting of glycine (Gly) significantly improved the pesticide contents translocating to cucumber roots (about 304.7%). Besides, such root-targeted delivery function resulted in no root nodule in cucumber plants after the foliar application of these nanopesticides (prevention rate of 100%). In addition, the root nodule numbers of the infected cucumber plants decreased by 71.67%. CONCLUSION Foliar application of these Gly-functionalized nanopesticides achieved effective prevention and control of RKNs due to the root-targeted delivery property inherent in this nanopesticide system, and such root-targeted delivery strategy opens a novel and efficient method to protect crops from RKN invasion and thus facilitates the development of sustainable agriculture. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Innovative Institute for Plant Health, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guofeng Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Innovative Institute for Plant Health, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Li Hao
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Innovative Institute for Plant Health, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huayao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Innovative Institute for Plant Health, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Shenzhen Noposion Crop Science Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Innovative Institute for Plant Health, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Innovative Institute for Plant Health, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Innovative Institute for Plant Health, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Xiao Y, Wei X, Hu C, Hsiang T, Yin J, Li J. Multiple amino acid transporters as carriers load L-valine-phenazine-1-carboxylic acid conjugate into Ricinus sieve tubes for the phloem translocation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128730. [PMID: 38081490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Some transporters play important roles in the uptake and acropetal xylem translocation of vectorized agrochemicals. However, it is poorly understood the basipetally phloem-loading functions of transporters toward vectorized agrochemicals. Here, L-Val-PCA (L-valine-phenazine-1-carboxylic acid conjugate) uptake was demonstrated carrier-mediated. RcAAP2, RcANT7, and RcLHT1 showed a similarly up-regulated expression pattern from 62 transporter coding genes in Ricinus at 1 h after L-Val or L-Val-PCA treatment. Subcellular localization revealed that fusion RcAAP2-eGFP, RcANT7-eGFP and RcLHT1-eGFP proteins were expressed in the plasma membrane of mesophyll and phloem cells. Yeast assays found that RcAAP2, RcANT7, and RcLHT1 facilitated L-Val-PCA uptake. To further demonstrate the phloem-loading functions, using vacuum infiltration strategy, an Agrobacterium-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) protocol was constructed in seedlings. HPLC detection indicated that L-Val-PCA phloem sap concentrations were significantly decreased 54.5 %, 27.6 %, and 41.6 % after silencing for 72 h and increased 48.3 %, 52.6 %, and 52.4 % after overexpression, respectively. In conclusion, the plasma membrane-located RcAAP2, RcANT7, and RcLHT1 can loaded L-Val-PCA into Ricinus sieve tubes for the phloem translocation, which may aid in the utilization of transporters and molecular design of phloem-mobile fungicides target root or vascular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Xiao
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Xuehua Wei
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Ciyin Hu
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Tom Hsiang
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Junliang Yin
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China.
| | - Junkai Li
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China.
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Fan T, Wu C, Yang W, Lv T, Zhou Y, Tian C. The LHT Gene Family in Rice: Molecular Characterization, Transport Functions and Expression Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:817. [PMID: 36840165 PMCID: PMC9958582 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Amino acid transporters (AATs) are integral membrane proteins and play important roles in plant growth and development as well as environmental responses. In contrast to the amino acid permease (AAP) subfamily, functional studies of the lysine and histidine transporter (LHT) subfamily have not been made in rice. In the current study, six LHT genes were found in the rice genome. To further investigate the functions of these genes, analyses were performed regarding gene and protein structures, chromosomal locations, evolutionary relationships, cis-acting elements of promoters, gene expression, and yeast complementation. We found that the six OsLHT genes are distributed on 4 out of the 12 chromosomes and that the six OsLHT genes were grouped into two clusters based on the phylogenetic analysis. Protein structure analyses showed that each OsLHT protein has 11 helical transmembrane domains. Yeast complementation assays showed that these OsLHT genes have conserved transport substrates within each cluster. The four members from cluster 1 showed broad amino acid selectivity, while OsLHT5 and OsLHT6 may transport other substrates besides amino acids. Additionally, quantitative real-time PCR analysis of the six OsLHT genes revealed that they have different expression patterns at different developmental stages and in different tissues. It also revealed that some OsLHT genes were responsive to PEG, NaCl and cold treatments, indicating their critical roles in abiotic stress response. Our results will be useful for further characterizing the crucial biological functions of rice LHT genes.
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Xiao Y, Zhang H, Li Z, Huang T, Akihiro T, Xu J, Xu H, Lin F. An amino acid transporter-like protein (OsATL15) facilitates the systematic distribution of thiamethoxam in rice for controlling the brown planthopper. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1888-1901. [PMID: 35678495 PMCID: PMC9491460 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Characterization and genetic engineering of plant transporters involved in the pesticide uptake and translocation facilitate pesticide relocation to the tissue where the pests feed, thus improving the bioavailability of the agrichemicals. We aimed to identify thiamethoxam (THX) transporters in rice and modify their expression for better brown planthopper (BPH) control with less pesticide application. A yeast library expressing 1385 rice transporters was screened, leading to the identification of an amino acid transporter-like (ATL) gene, namely OsATL15, which facilitates THX uptake in both yeast cells and rice seedlings. In contrast to a decrease in THX content in osatl15 knockout mutants, ectopic expression of OsATL15 under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter or a vascular-bundle-specific promoter gdcsPpro significantly increased THX accumulation in rice plants, thus further enhancing the THX efficacy against BPH. OsATL15 was localized in rice cell membrane and abundant in the root transverse sections, vascular bundles of leaf blade, and stem longitudinal sections, but not in hull and brown rice at filling stages. Our study shows that OsATL15 plays an essential role in THX uptake and its systemic distribution in rice. OsATL15 could be valuable in achieving precise pest control by biotechnology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of Education, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of Education, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of Education, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tinghong Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of Education, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Takashi Akihiro
- Faculty of Life and Environmental ScienceShimane UniversityShimaneJapan
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hanhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of Education, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fei Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of Education, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Xiao Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Hsiang T, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Du X, Yin J, Li J. An efficient overexpression method for studying genes in Ricinus that transport vectorized agrochemicals. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:11. [PMID: 35081982 PMCID: PMC8793271 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00842-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant plasma membrane transporters play essential roles during the translocation of vectorized agrochemicals. Therefore, transporters associated with phloem loading of vectorized agrochemicals have drawn increasing attention. As a model system, castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) has been widely used to detect the phloem mobility of agrochemicals. However, there is still a lack of an efficient protocol for the Ricinus seedling model system that can be directly used to investigate the recognition and phloem loading functions of plasmalemma transporters toward vectorized agrochemicals. RESULTS Here, using vacuum infiltration strategy, we overexpressed the coding gene for enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in R. communis seedlings by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system. Strong fluorescence signals were observed in leaves, demonstrating that exogenous genes can be successfully overexpressed in seedlings. Subsequently, gene expression time and vacuum infiltration parameters were optimized. Observation of fluorescence and qRT-PCR analysis showed that eGFP strength and expression level reached a peak at 72 h after overexpression in seedlings. Parameter optimization showed Agrobacterium concentration at OD600 = 1.2, and infiltration for 20 min (0.09 MPa), return to atmospheric pressure, and then infiltration for another 20 min, were the suitable transformation conditions. To test the application of vacuum agroinfiltration in directly examining the loading functions of plasma membrane transporters to vectorized agrochemicals in seedlings, two LHT (lysine/histidine transporter) genes, RcLHT1 and RcLHT7, were overexpressed. Subcellular localization showed the strong fluorescent signals of the fusion proteins RcLHT1-eGFP and RcLHT7-eGFP were observed on the cell membrane of mesophyll cells, and their relative expression levels determined by qRT-PCR were up-regulated 47- and 52-fold, respectively. Furthermore, the concentrations of L-Val-PCA (L-valine-phenazine-1-carboxylic acid conjugate) in phloem sap collected from seedling sieve tubes were significantly increased 1.9- and 2.3-fold after overexpression of RcLHT1 and RcLHT7, respectively, implying their roles in recognition and phloem loading of L-Val-PCA. CONCLUSIONS We successfully constructed a transient expression system in Ricinus seedlings and laid the foundation for researchers to directly investigate the loading functions of plasma membrane transporters to vectorized agrochemicals in the Ricinus system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/Institute of Pesticides/College of Agriculture/College of Life Science/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/Institute of Pesticides/College of Agriculture/College of Life Science/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/Institute of Pesticides/College of Agriculture/College of Life Science/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Tom Hsiang
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Xingping Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/Institute of Pesticides/College of Agriculture/College of Life Science/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Yongxing Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/Institute of Pesticides/College of Agriculture/College of Life Science/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoying Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/Institute of Pesticides/College of Agriculture/College of Life Science/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Junliang Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/Institute of Pesticides/College of Agriculture/College of Life Science/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.
| | - Junkai Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/Institute of Pesticides/College of Agriculture/College of Life Science/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.
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Amino Acid Transporters in Plant Cells: A Brief Review. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9080967. [PMID: 32751704 PMCID: PMC7464682 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids are not only a nitrogen source that can be directly absorbed by plants, but also the major transport form of organic nitrogen in plants. A large number of amino acid transporters have been identified in different plant species. Despite belonging to different families, these amino acid transporters usually exhibit some general features, such as broad expression pattern and substrate selectivity. This review mainly focuses on transporters involved in amino acid uptake, phloem loading and unloading, xylem-phloem transfer, import into seed and intracellular transport in plants. We summarize the other physiological roles mediated by amino acid transporters, including development regulation, abiotic stress tolerance and defense response. Finally, we discuss the potential applications of amino acid transporters for crop genetic improvement.
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