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Jakop U, Engel KM, Hürland M, Müller P, Osmers JH, Jung M, Schulze M. Lipid alterations by oxidative stress increase detached acrosomes after cryopreservation of semen in Holstein bulls. Theriogenology 2023; 197:37-45. [PMID: 36470108 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The nearly exclusive use of cryopreserved semen in cattle breeding enables long shipping distances, higher storage times, quarantine to avoid germ transmission and easy dispersal of high genetic value bulls. Spermatozoa from bulls are well freezable and improvement of cryopreservation protocols over decades has led to high semen quality. However, there is still some loss of spermatozoa in each semen dose due to detached acrosomes after thawing. There are even individual bulls with extremely high numbers of detached acrosomes after cryopreservation, called "bad freezers". This study screened 1092 ejaculates from 59 Holstein bulls for the difference in detached acrosomes before and after cryopreservation (ΔAC). The individual bull influenced ΔAC (P < 0.001) and allowed selection for individuals with repeatedly low ΔAC (good freezers) or high ΔAC (bad freezers). Good freezers were superior to bad freezers in a thermo-resistance test (78.2% vs. 33.6% total motility, respectively, P = 0.047) and had higher non-return rates (NRR: 46.8% vs. 40.8%, respectively, P = 0.016). Since oxidative stress is one possible explanation for premature acrosome reaction, the radical reduction capacity of the seminal fluid was measured, finding that this parameter was reduced in bad freezer bulls during cryopreservation (P = 0.043). Analysis of lipid species in sperm cells by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) showed a reduction of ether lipids and plasmalogens as well as an increase in formyl-lysophosphatidylcholines only within the bad freezers during cryopreservation (P = 0.043). In conclusion these findings show, that lipid alteration caused by oxidative stress is one essential reason for highly augmented acrosome reacted spermatozoa in bad freezer bulls. Therefore, increased use of antioxidants in the extender could be a possible starting point for developing individualized extenders for bad freezer bulls of high genetic value, in order to raise sperm quality after cryopreservation even in those bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Jakop
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany.
| | - Kathrin M Engel
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maren Hürland
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany; RBB Rinderproduktion Berlin-Brandenburg GmbH, Lehniner Str. 9, D-14550, Groß Kreutz (Havel), Germany
| | - Peter Müller
- Humboldt University Berlin, Department of Biology, Invalidenstraße 43, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan-Henrik Osmers
- RBB Rinderproduktion Berlin-Brandenburg GmbH, Lehniner Str. 9, D-14550, Groß Kreutz (Havel), Germany
| | - Markus Jung
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany
| | - Martin Schulze
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany
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Gautier C, Aurich C. "Fine feathers make fine birds" - The mammalian sperm plasma membrane lipid composition and effects on assisted reproduction. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 246:106884. [PMID: 34776291 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The sperm plasma membrane is important in modulating many sperm functions. The sperm membrane is composed of a complex mixture of lipids including phospholipids, glycolipids and sterols. There are differences of sperm membrane composition among mammalian species with two groups differing in the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), either docosahexaenoic (ω-3 PUFA) or docosapentaenoic acid (ω-6 PUFA). During testicular and epididymal maturation, composition of the sperm plasma membrane evolves with spermatozoa gaining the capacity for fertilization. The importance of fatty acid metabolism for complete spermatogenesis has been elucidated using gene knockout mice. During epididymal transit cholesterol content decreases and PUFA content increases, conferring more fluidity properties to the sperm membrane. The relatively lesser content of antioxidant enzymes and the relatively larger content of PUFA make the spermatozoa particularly susceptible to lipid peroxidation during sperm preservation. In numerous studies, there was adding of PUFA and antioxidants to the diet of animals or to semen extenders with the aim to improve sperm membrane integrity. This review highlights the current knowledge on the sperm membrane composition and effects on sperm function in mammalian domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Gautier
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Aurich
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
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Bastos NM, Rossi GF, da Silva Leão BC, Negrão F, Ferreira CR, Vrisman DP, Rodrigues NN, Zorzetto MF, de Paula Freitas-Dell'Aqua C, Vantini R, Monteiro FM, Mercadante MEZ, Eberlin MN, de Lima VFMH, Mingoti GZ. Effects of paternal diet and antioxidant addition to the semen extender on bovine semen characteristics and on the phenotype of the resulting embryo. Theriogenology 2021; 175:23-33. [PMID: 34481227 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of long-term dietary supplementation of young Nellore bulls with rumen-protected polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and of the inclusion of catalase in the semen extender on semen quality, in vitro sperm fertilizing ability, and intracytoplasmic lipid content in the resulting embryos. Twelve Nellore bulls were supplemented with rumen-protected PUFAs or with a basal diet from 14 to 24 months of age. The semen was collected at the end of supplementation. For cryopreservation, the ejaculate was divided into two equal volumes and catalase was added to the extender in one of the fractions. Thus, the experimental design consisted of a 2 × 2 factorial scheme with two diets (control and PUFA) and two extenders (Cat+ and Cat-). Total motility and the percentage of rapid cells in fresh semen were negatively affected by dietary supplementation with PUFAs (P < 0.05), but these effects did not persist after freezing. The frozen/thawed semen of animals fed PUFAs exhibited an increase in the percentages of damaged plasma and acrosomal membranes, as well as an increase in the proportion of lipids ions at m/z 578 and m/z 757 detected by MALDI-MS. Nevertheless, there was no effect of the treatments on in vitro embryo development. However, embryos derived from bulls supplemented with PUFAs exhibited higher lipid accumulation compared to control (P < 0.05). In conclusion, PUFA supplementation promoted worsening of semen quality without affecting the in vitro sperm fertilizing ability; however, the paternal diet affected the intracytoplasmic lipid content in the resulting embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Marins Bastos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Genetics and Animal Breeding, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Fazan Rossi
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Caetano da Silva Leão
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Negrão
- Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, 2170 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL, USA; ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitaária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christina Ramires Ferreira
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitaária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Dayane Priscila Vrisman
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naiara Nantes Rodrigues
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Roberta Vantini
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Morato Monteiro
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Zootecnia (IZ/APTA), Sertãozinho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitaária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Fernanda Martins Hossepian de Lima
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Genetics and Animal Breeding, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gisele Zoccal Mingoti
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Animal Reproduction, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Campus Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Sperm Lipid Markers of Male Fertility in Mammals. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168767. [PMID: 34445473 PMCID: PMC8395862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm plasma membrane lipids are essential for the function and integrity of mammalian spermatozoa. Various lipid types are involved in each key step within the fertilization process in their own yet coordinated way. The balance between lipid metabolism is tightly regulated to ensure physiological cellular processes, especially referring to crucial steps such as sperm motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction or fusion. At the same time, it has been shown that male reproductive function depends on the homeostasis of sperm lipids. Here, we review the effects of phospholipid, neutral lipid and glycolipid homeostasis on sperm fertilization function and male fertility in mammals.
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Shan S, Xu F, Bleyer M, Becker S, Melbaum T, Wemheuer W, Hirschfeld M, Wacker C, Zhao S, Schütz E, Brenig B. Association of α/β-Hydrolase D16B with Bovine Conception Rate and Sperm Plasma Membrane Lipid Composition. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E627. [PMID: 31963602 PMCID: PMC7014312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have identified a Holstein sire named Tarantino who had been approved for artificial insemination that is based on normal semen characteristics (i.e., morphology, thermoresistance, motility, sperm concentration), but had no progeny after 412 first inseminations, resulting in a non-return rate (NRdev) of -29. Using whole genome association analysis and next generation sequencing, an associated nonsense variant in the α/β-hydrolase domain-containing 16B gene (ABHD16B) on bovine chromosome 13 was identified. The frequency of the mutant allele in the German Holstein population was determined to be 0.0018 in 222,645 investigated cattle specimens. The mutant allele was traced back to Whirlhill Kingpin (bornFeb. 13th, 1959) as potential founder. The expression of ABHD16B was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry in testis and epididymis of control bulls. A lipidome comparison of the plasma membrane of fresh semen from carriers and controls showed significant differences in the concentration of phosphatidylcholine (PC), diacylglycerol (DAG), ceramide (Cer), sphingomyelin (SM), and phosphatidylcholine (-ether) (PC O-), indicating that ABHD16B plays a role in lipid biosynthesis. The altered lipid contents may explain the reduced fertilization ability of mutated sperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Shan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Fangzheng Xu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Martina Bleyer
- Pathology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Svenja Becker
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Torben Melbaum
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Wemheuer
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marc Hirschfeld
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christin Wacker
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ekkehard Schütz
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
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Engel KM, Jakop U, Müller K, Grunewald S, Paasch U, Schiller J. MALDI MS Analysis to Investigate the Lipid Composition of Sperm. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666181030123256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The sperm plasma membrane meets the requirements of sperm transit
through the female genital tract and subsequent fertilization. Commonly, the (phospho)lipid composition
of sperm is characterized by tremendous amounts of highly unsaturated fatty acyl residues such
as docosahexaenoic and docosapentaenoic acid. While human sperm contain almost exclusively diacyl
lipids, many animal sperm additionally contain significant amounts of ether lipids such as alkylacyl-
and alkenyl-acyl lipids (plasmalogens).
Hypothesis/Objective:
It is suggested that deviations from the typical lipid composition are indicative
of pathological changes. Therefore, simple methods to elucidate the sperm lipid composition are essential.
Method:
Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is a fast
and simple method. Since the selection of the most suitable matrix is a crucial step in MALDI MS,
this topic will be highlighted. It will also be shown that MALDI MS can be easily combined with
thin-layer chromatography to overcome ion suppression effects.
Results:
The lipid composition of sperm from different species can be elucidated by MALDI MS.
However, different matrix compounds have to be used to record positive and negative ion mass spectra.
Since some sperm (glyco)lipids are characterized by the presence of sulfate residues which suppress
the detection of less acidic lipids in the negative ion mode, previous separation is often necessary.
It will be also emphasized that plasmalogens can be easily identified by either enzymatic digestion
or treatment with acids.
Conclusion:
MALDI MS is a reliable method to obtain sperm lipid fingerprints in a simple and convenient
way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin M. Engel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Jakop
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja Grunewald
- Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology Clinic, Andrological Unit, University Hospital Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal- Straße 23, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uwe Paasch
- Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology Clinic, Andrological Unit, University Hospital Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal- Straße 23, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
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Lee SH, Kim YJ, Ho Kang B, Park CK. Effect of nicotinic acid on the plasma membrane function and polyunsaturated fatty acids composition during cryopreservation in boar sperm. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:1251-1257. [PMID: 31287595 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nicotinic acid on plasma membrane integrity and fatty acid composition in frozen-thawed boar sperm. Boar semen was cryopreserved using freezing extender containing nicotinic acid (NA), then plasma membrane integrity, osmotic equilibration, lipid peroxidation and fatty acid were analysed. The plasma membrane integrity of frozen-thawed sperm was significantly higher in the 10 mM NA than in the 0 and 20 mM NA treatment groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the osmotic equilibration ability was not different in treatment groups, but lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased in the 10 mM NA treatment group (p < 0.05). The saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased in the 10 mM NA treatment group, and C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6, C20:4n-6, C22:5n-6 and C22:6n-3, and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly increased in the 10 mM NA treatment groups (p < 0.05). In summary, 10 mM NA improved plasma membrane integrity, inhibited lipid peroxidation and increased PUFAs in frozen-thawed boar sperm. These results suggest that NA may be useful to protect the plasma membrane and inhibit the loss of PUFAs for sperm cryopreservation in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hee Lee
- Discipline of ICT, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Byeong Ho Kang
- Discipline of ICT, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Choon-Keun Park
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Engel KM, Schiller J, Müller K, Dannenberger D, Jakop U. The Phospholipid Composition of Kangaroo Spermatozoa Verified by Mass Spectrometric Lipid Analysis. Lipids 2017; 52:857-869. [PMID: 28801719 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4283-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of kangaroo sperm has not been successful so far, and yet there is no promising cryopreservation protocol for these cells available. However, conservation of gametes is extremely important, particularly in the context of preserving endangered species. As spermatozoa are comprised of different membrane systems, the composition of these membranes might account for difficulties in cryopreservation. Lipids, as the main components, affect the physical properties of biological membranes and play a major role in sperm maturation. Therefore, knowledge of the lipid composition is crucial for any further step toward the preservation of the species. We used MALDI-TOF, ESI-IT, tandem mass spectrometry, and thin layer chromatography to investigate the lipid composition of epididymal spermatozoa of four different kangaroo species. Spectra of these species were very similar with respect to the identified lipid species. Tremendous changes in the lipid composition during the transit of sperm from caput to cauda epididymis could be seen, specifically an increase in poly-unsaturated fatty acids, ether lipids, and plasmalogens, as well as a reduction in mono- and di-unsaturated fatty acids. Additionally, phosphatidylcholines containing docosatrienoic acid (22:3), a heretofore unknown fatty acid for sperm membranes, showed the highest abundance in kangaroo sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin M Engel
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16/18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16/18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karin Müller
- Reproduction Biology, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Function of Bioactive Lipids Unit, Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Willhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Jakop
- Reproduction Biology, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
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Lee WJ, Weng SH, Su NW. Individual Phosphatidylcholine Species Analysis by RP-HPLC-ELSD for Determination of Polyenylphosphatidylcholine in Lecithins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3851-3858. [PMID: 25834917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC), a subgroup of the bioactive agents in phosphatidylcholine (PC), has been indicated to possess liver-protective effects. This study aimed to investigate a promising and feasible method to determine PC molecular species with a reverse phase (RP) high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). Chromatography was achieved using a C30 column and an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/methanol/triethylamine (40/58/2, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and ELSD detection was performed using 80 °C for the drift tube and an air flow rate of 1.8 L/min. To identify individual peaks on the chromatogram, MALDI-TOF-MS was employed for initial detection, and then the results were used to investigate the relationship between the retention time and fatty acyl chains of each PC molecule. A linear correlation was observed between the retention time and theoretical carbon number (TCN) of individual PC species. The compositions of PC molecular species in soybean and sunflower lecithins were similar to each other, and the major PC molecular species were 1,2-dilinoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (LLPC), 1-oleoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (OLPC), and 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PLPC). The contents of LLPC in soybean PC and sunflower PC were 40.6% and 64.3%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ju Lee
- †Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hsiang Weng
- ‡Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Meiho University, Pingtung County 91202, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Wei Su
- †Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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10
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Fuchs B. Analytical methods for (oxidized) plasmalogens: Methodological aspects and applications. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:599-617. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.999675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Maric S, Thygesen MB, Schiller J, Marek M, Moulin M, Haertlein M, Forsyth VT, Bogdanov M, Dowhan W, Arleth L, Pomorski TG. Biosynthetic preparation of selectively deuterated phosphatidylcholine in genetically modified Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:241-54. [PMID: 25301578 PMCID: PMC4289089 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a major component of eukaryotic cell membranes and one of the most commonly used phospholipids for reconstitution of membrane proteins into carrier systems such as lipid vesicles, micelles and nanodiscs. Selectively deuterated versions of this lipid have many applications, especially in structural studies using techniques such as NMR, neutron reflectivity and small-angle neutron scattering. Here we present a comprehensive study of selective deuteration of phosphatidylcholine through biosynthesis in a genetically modified strain of Escherichia coli. By carefully tuning the deuteration level in E. coli growth media and varying the deuteration of supplemented carbon sources, we show that it is possible to achieve a controlled deuteration for three distinct parts of the PC lipid molecule, namely the (a) lipid head group, (b) glycerol backbone and (c) fatty acyl tail. This biosynthetic approach paves the way for the synthesis of specifically deuterated, physiologically relevant phospholipid species which remain difficult to obtain through standard chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Maric
- Structural Biophysics, Niels Bohr Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mikkel B. Thygesen
- CARB Centre, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Magdalena Marek
- Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Martine Moulin
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, CEDEX 9, BP156, 38042 Grenoble, France
- Faculty of Natural Sciences & Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Michael Haertlein
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, CEDEX 9, BP156, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - V. Trevor Forsyth
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, CEDEX 9, BP156, 38042 Grenoble, France
- Faculty of Natural Sciences & Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Mikhail Bogdanov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William Dowhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lise Arleth
- Structural Biophysics, Niels Bohr Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Günther Pomorski
- Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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12
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Zschörnig K, Schiller J. A simple method to generate oxidized phosphatidylcholines in amounts close to one milligram. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 184:30-7. [PMID: 25240238 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized (phospho)lipids are of paramount interest from different reasons: beside their significant in vivo relevance, these products are often needed in the laboratory to study the response of selected cells to oxidized lipids. Unfortunately, the commercial availability of oxidized lipids is limited and scientists interested in studying the physiological impact of oxidized lipids are normally forced to prepare the required compounds by themselves. We will show here that chain-shortened products of oxidized phosphatidylcholines (PCs) such as aldehydes and carboxylic acids can be easily (and in nearly quantitative yields) generated by the Fenton reaction (H2O2+Fe(2+)) or the KMnO4-induced oxidation of the PC. Using the Fenton reaction and physiological saline, chlorinated oxidation products such as chlorohydrins are also readily available. Additionally, it will be shown that preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a convenient but simple method to isolate the individual oxidation products in reasonable yields and high purities: all relevant products could be successfully identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry and the amounts of the oxidized products determined by a simple colorimetric assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Zschörnig
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstr. 16/18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstr. 16/18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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13
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Changes of murine sperm phospholipid composition during epididymal maturation determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Theriogenology 2014; 82:396-402. [PMID: 24877723 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
After leaving the testis, spermatozoa undergo several important steps of biochemical maturation during the passage through the epididymis, increasing their motility and fertilizing ability. These changes comprise (among others) the modification of the phospholipid composition of the sperm membrane. This process is thought to be important for the achievement of motility and fertilizing capacity. The lipids of the sperm membrane are characterized by a significant content of unsaturated fatty acyl residues, resulting in a high sensitivity against oxidative stress. This is evidenced by the appearance of lysolipids, for example, lysophosphatidylcholine, which acts like a detergent and is normally present in only very small amounts in biological membranes. The epididymis represents a tubular system comprising three main parts (caput, corpus, and cauda), through which the spermatozoa are consecutively transported undergoing distinct maturation stages. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we established three striking differences in the lipid composition of murine spermatozoa from the different epididymal regions: in comparison to the caput sperm, sperm from the cauda are characterized by (1) a higher degree of unsaturation (PC 18:0/22:5 and 18:0/22:6 vs. 18:0/20:4 and 18:0/18:1), (2) an enhanced plasmalogen content, and (3) an enhanced content of lysolipids. These changes are likely to be of physiological relevance and potentially useful as diagnostic markers of sperm maturation and acquisition of motility.
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14
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Maric S, Skar-Gislinge N, Midtgaard S, Thygesen MB, Schiller J, Frielinghaus H, Moulin M, Haertlein M, Forsyth VT, Pomorski TG, Arleth L. Stealth carriers for low-resolution structure determination of membrane proteins in solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:317-28. [PMID: 24531466 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004713027466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Structural studies of membrane proteins remain a great experimental challenge. Functional reconstitution into artificial nanoscale bilayer disc carriers that mimic the native bilayer environment allows the handling of membrane proteins in solution. This enables the use of small-angle scattering techniques for fast and reliable structural analysis. The difficulty with this approach is that the carrier discs contribute to the measured scattering intensity in a highly nontrivial fashion, making subsequent data analysis challenging. Here, an elegant solution to circumvent the intrinsic complexity brought about by the presence of the carrier disc is presented. In combination with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and the D2O/H2O-based solvent contrast-variation method, it is demonstrated that it is possible to prepare specifically deuterated carriers that become invisible to neutrons in 100% D2O at the length scales relevant to SANS. These `stealth' carrier discs may be used as a general platform for low-resolution structural studies of membrane proteins using well established data-analysis tools originally developed for soluble proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Maric
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicholas Skar-Gislinge
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Midtgaard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel B Thygesen
- CARB Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henrich Frielinghaus
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Scattering, TUM FRM-2, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Martine Moulin
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Michael Haertlein
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - V Trevor Forsyth
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Günther Pomorski
- Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lise Arleth
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Mass spectrometry and inflammation—MS methods to study oxidation and enzyme-induced changes of phospholipids. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1291-306. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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delBarco-Trillo J, Roldan ERS. Effects of metabolic rate and sperm competition on the fatty-acid composition of mammalian sperm. J Evol Biol 2013; 27:55-62. [PMID: 24251445 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The sperm membrane is a key structure affecting sperm function and thus reproductive success. Spermatozoa are highly specialized and differentiated cells that undergo a long series of processes in the male and female reproductive tracts until they reach the site of fertilization. During this transit, the sperm membrane is prone to damage such as lipid peroxidation. The characteristics and performance of the sperm membrane are strongly determined by the fatty-acid composition of membrane phospholipids. Polyunsaturated fatty-acids (PUFAs) are the most prone to lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation and other types of oxidative damage increase with higher metabolism and with higher levels of sperm competition due to the increased ATP production to fuel higher sperm velocities. Consequently, we hypothesized that, in order to avoid oxidative damage, and the ensuing impairment of sperm function, sperm cells exhibit a negative relationship between PUFA content and mass-specific metabolic rate (MSMR). We also hypothesized that higher sperm competition leads to a reduction in the proportion of sperm PUFAs. We performed a comparative study in mammals and found that high MSMR and high levels of sperm competition both promote a decrease in the proportion of PUFAs that are more prone to lipid peroxidation. The negative relationship between MSMR and these PUFAs in sperm cells is surprising, because a positive relationship is found in all other cell types so far investigated. Our results support the idea that the effects of MSMR and sperm competition on sperm function can operate at very different levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J delBarco-Trillo
- Reproductive Ecology and Biology Group, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - E R S Roldan
- Reproductive Ecology and Biology Group, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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17
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A simple method to identify ether lipids in spermatozoa samples by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:6675-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Wegener J, Zschörnig K, Onischke K, Fuchs B, Schiller J, Müller K. Conservation of honey bee (Apis mellifera) sperm phospholipids during storage in the bee queen--a TLC/MALDI-TOF MS study. Exp Gerontol 2012; 48:213-22. [PMID: 23279974 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is characterized by a high degree of phenotypic plasticity of senescence-related processes, and has therefore become a model organism of gerontological research. Sperm of honey bee drones can remain fertile for several years within the storage organ of queens. The reason for this longevity is unknown, but the suppression of lipid peroxidation seems to play a decisive role. Here, we examined the questions of whether spermatheca- and in vitro-stored honey bee sperm are indeed resistant to lipid peroxidation, and whether the nature of sperm lipids could explain this resistance. The lipid composition of bee sperm was determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) combined with thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The positive ion mass spectra of drone sperm lipids are dominated by two glycerophosphocholine (GPC) species, although small amounts of sphingomyelins (SM) and glycerophosphoethanolamines (GPE) are also detectable after TLC. Alkyl/acyl and alkenyl/acyl compounds of GPC, and alkyl/acyl as well as diacyl compounds of GPE were detected containing oleyl, oleoyl, palmityl and palmitoyl as the most abundant residues. Assignments of all compounds have been additionally verified by enzymatic digestion and exposition to HCl. During incubation of sperm in the presence of air, characteristic lipid oxidation products such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) appear. Inside the spermatheca, however, sperm lipids are obviously protected from oxidation and their composition does not change, even if they are stored over years. Our data support the view that the membrane composition of honey bee sperm could help to explain the extraordinary longevity of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wegener
- Institute for Bee Research, Friedrich-Engels-Strasse 32, D-16540 Hohen Neuendorf, Germany
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19
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Enhanced lysophosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin contents are characteristic of spermatozoa from obese men—A MALDI mass spectrometric study. Chem Phys Lipids 2012; 165:861-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Tapia JA, Macias-Garcia B, Miro-Moran A, Ortega-Ferrusola C, Salido GM, Peña FJ, Aparicio IM. The Membrane of the Mammalian Spermatozoa: Much More Than an Inert Envelope. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 3:65-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Fuchs B. Analysis of phospolipids and glycolipids by thin-layer chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1259:62-73. [PMID: 22503924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thin-layer chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry (TLC-MALDI-MS) of organic extracts from biological samples allows untargeted analysis and structural characterization of phospholipids and glycolipids ionized from the near-surface region of a sample separated on a TLC-plate. In particular, MALDI-MS enables the sensitive detection of many analytes directly from the solid surface of an ordinary TLC-plate even without previous staining. It will be shown that the detailed fatty acyl composition of phospholipids can be determined solely by TLC-MALDI-MS without previous derivatization, enzymatic cleavage and/or reversed phase separation. MALDI-time-of-flight (TOF) MS is thus a powerful method in this field due to its high sensitivity, low extent of induced fragmentation and simple, user-friendly performance. This review summarizes the so far available knowledge about combined TLC-MALDI-MS for phospholipid and glycolipid characterization together with the technical workflow and a survey of applications. Finally a perspective on the future of TLC-MALDI-MS is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- University of Leipzig, Medical Department, Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Härtelstr. 16/18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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22
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Oxygen and cytokine-dependent changes in choline phospholipid saturation in hematopoietic progenitor cells detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 164:636-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Fuchs B, Bresler K, Schiller J. Oxidative changes of lipids monitored by MALDI MS. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 164:782-95. [PMID: 21964445 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation processes of lipids are of paramount interest from many viewpoints. For instance, oxidation processes are highly important under in vivo conditions because molecules with regulatory functions are generated by oxidation of lipids or free fatty acids. Additionally, many inflammatory diseases are accompanied by lipid oxidation and, therefore, oxidation products are also useful disease (bio)markers. Thus, there is also considerable interest in methods of (oxidized) lipid analysis. Nowadays, soft ionization mass spectrometric (MS) methods are regularly used to study oxidative lipid modifications due to their high sensitivities and the extreme mass resolution. Although electrospray ionization (ESI) MS is so far most popular, applications of matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) MS are increasing. This review aims to summarize the so far available data on MALDI analyses of oxidized lipids. In addition to model systems, special attention will be paid to the monitoring of oxidized lipids under in vivo conditions, particularly the oxidation of (human) lipoproteins. It is not the aim of this review to praise MALDI as the "best" method but to provide a critical survey of the advantages and drawbacks of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstrasse16/18, Leipzig, Germany
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24
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Uneven Distribution of Ceramides, Sphingomyelins and Glycerophospholipids Between Heads and Tails of Rat Spermatozoa. Lipids 2011; 46:1081-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-011-3601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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25
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MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry as a simple tool to determine the phospholipid/glycolipid composition of sperm: Pheasant spermatozoa as one selected example. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 123:270-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Dannenberger D, Süß R, Teuber K, Fuchs B, Nuernberg K, Schiller J. The intact muscle lipid composition of bulls: an investigation by MALDI-TOF MS and 31P NMR. Chem Phys Lipids 2010; 163:157-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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27
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Fuchs B, Bondzio A, Wagner U, Schiller J. Phospholipid compositions of sera and synovial fluids from dog, human and horse: a comparison by31P-NMR and MALDI-TOF MS. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2009; 93:410-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Bauer A, Schumann A, Gilbert M, Wilhelm C, Hengstler JG, Schiller J, Fuchs B. Evaluation of carbon tetrachloride-induced stress on rat hepatocytes by 31P NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry: lysophosphatidylcholine generation from unsaturated phosphatidylcholines. Chem Phys Lipids 2009; 159:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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29
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MALDI-TOF “fingerprint” phospholipid mass spectra allow the differentiation between ruminantia and feloideae spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2009; 71:568-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 08/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Fuchs B, Nimptsch A, Süss R, Schiller J. Capabilities and drawbacks of phospholipid analysis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 579:103-125. [PMID: 19763473 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-322-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The important roles of lipids particularly certain phospholipids in signal transduction processes and as important disease markers are becoming increasingly evident. Unfortunately, however, sensitive methods of lipid analysis are established to a much lesser extent than, e.g., methods of protein analysis. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an increasingly used technique of lipid analysis and electrospray ionization (ESI) MS is the so far most established ionization method. Although matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was so far primarily used for protein analysis, however, this method has itself proven to be very useful in the field of lipid analysis, too. This chapter gives an overview of methodological aspects of MALDI-TOF MS in lipid research and summarizes the specific advantages and drawbacks of this soft-ionization method. In particular, suppression effects of some lipid classes, especially those with quaternary ammonia groups such as phosphatidylcholine, will be highlighted and possible ways to overcome this problem (use of different matrices, separation of the relevant lipid mixture prior to analysis) will be discussed on the example of an organic liver extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- Medical Department, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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31
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32
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Abstract
Many diseases as atherosclerosis and metabolic dysfunctions are known to correlate with changes of the lipid profile of tissues and body fluids. Therefore, the importance of reliable methods of lipid analysis is obvious. Although matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was so far primarily used for protein analysis, this method has itself proven to be very useful in lipid analysis, too. This review provides an overview of applications of MALDI-TOF MS in lipid analysis and summarizes the specific advantages and drawbacks of this modern soft-ionization method. The focus will be on the analysis of body fluids and cells as well as the diagnostic potential of the method in the lipid field. It will be shown that MALDI-TOF mass spectra can be recorded in a very short time and provide important information on the lipid as well as the fatty acyl composition of the lipids of an unknown sample. However, it will also be shown that only selected lipid classes (in particular those with quaternary ammonia groups as phosphatidylcholine) are detected if crude mixtures are analyzed as they are more sensitively detectable than other ones. This review ends with a short outlook emphasizing current methodological developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- University of Leipzig, Medical Department, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstr. 16/18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
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