Comprendre la non-adhésion à l’activité physique après un diagnostic de cancer pour mieux accompagner les patients — Partie II : Ajuster l’information et l’accompagnement

Effects of physical training on anthropometrics, physical and physiological capacities in individuals with obesity: A systematic review

Increasing the amount of physical activity is an important strategy for weight loss. This systematic review summarizes recent findings on the effects of physical training on anthropometric characteristics, physical performances and physiological capacities in individuals with overweight and obesity. A systematic literature search strategy was conducted from inception until June 2019 using four electronic databases that identified 2,708 records. After screening for titles, abstracts and full texts, 116 studies were included in our final analysis. Both aerobic (e.g., endurance training) and anaerobic training (e.g., high-intensity training, resistance training) improved body composition and physical fitness indicators in adults, adolescents and children with obesity (effect size: 0.08 < d < 2.67, trivial to very large). This systematic review suggests that both low- and high-intensity training significantly reduced body weight and fat mass while increasing fat-free mass in individuals with obesity (effect size: 0.04 Collapse

Key Words

• aerobic
• anaerobic
• exercise
• overweight
• performance

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MESH Headings

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Anthropometry
• Child
• Exercise
• Humans
• Obesity/therapy
• Overweight
• Physical Fitness

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Affiliation(s)

Hassane Zouhal Department of Sport Sciences, University of Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé), Rennes, France
Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, Ksar-Said, Tunisia
Arash Khodamoradi Young Researchers and Elite Club, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Ayoub Saeidi Department of Physical Education, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
Ayyappan Jayavel SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Chengalpattu (DT), India
Anthony C Hackney Department of Exercise & Sport Science; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Ismail Laher Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology& Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Amit M Algotar Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona, USA
Georges Jabbour Department of Sport Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

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[Effect of activities profile variations on health-related quality of life among breast cancer patients: Secondary exploratory analysis from PASAPAS study data]

INTRODUCTION

Lifestyle changes in breast cancer patients, by physical activity increasing, are becoming a main objective in supportive care. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of the daily activity profile evolution on the quality of life among this public.

METHODS

Sixty patients (18 to 75 years) with non-metastatic breast cancer were randomized to a 2:1 ratio (physical activity intervention; control) in the PASAPAS randomized clinical trial. Multiple linear regression analyzes were computed to explain quality of life scores 6 months after the start of adjuvant therapy. Variables retained were the baseline quality of life scores, the anxiety trait, the randomization arm, the variations of time spent in different physical activity classes ([3-4 [MET, [4-6 [MET, ≥6 MET) and in sedentary behaviors.

RESULTS

Only the decrease in time spent in sedentary behaviors really appeared as a predictor of the quality of physical life. Participation in the intervention group appeared as a predictor of quality of mental life.

DISCUSSION

Results plead in favor of sedentary life style decrease as part of the objectives of care program for women with breast cancer. It also highlights the need of collective supervised sessions implemented by competent staff. This research also suggests that the dynamics of daily activity profile variations should be studied further in association to quality of life.

Éléments structurant les programmes d’activité physique dans la lutte contre le surpoids et l’obésité : état des lieux et suggestions

To date, physical activity (PA) programs for overweight and obese people are built around recommendations established for the general population. However, these people have special characteristics that require adapted coaching. In order to begin this work of recommendations, the objective of this article was to list the criteria usually used to describe and study PA programs for overweight and obese people and its associated postprogram follow-up. A systematic review of both meta-analyses and systematic reviews related to PA programs in the management of overweight and obesity has highlighted that few descriptive elements of programs are systematically reported, and that PA programs are rarely sufficiently detailed to be able to calculate a PA dose or to compare the different programs. These convergences, disparities or gaps in the description of PA programs, led us to initiate a reflection on the interest of these criteria as well as on the interest of their systematization in weight management program design, including PA. We hope that will be a first step towards facilitating the development of recommendations for PA management of overweight and obesity. Novelty Objective: to identify criteria used to describe PA programs in the management of overweight and obesity. Criteria to systematize: data to calculate PA dose; description of program individualization strategy. Criteria to develop: drop-out rate as an indicator of program adaptation; description of fatigue management strategy.