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Ashipala DO, Kapula PK, Lifalaza A. Experiences and challenges of enrolled nurses undertaking a Bachelor of Nursing Science programme in Namibia. Curationis 2024; 47:e1-e8. [PMID: 38708759 DOI: 10.4102/curationis.v47i1.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, enrolled nurses (ENs) are embarking on an educational journey to become registered nurses (RNs) in order to enhance their knowledge and career opportunities. However, their aspiration is not without challenges. In Namibia, the experiences of these nurses have not been extensively researched. OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore and describe the experiences and challenges of ENs undertaking a Bachelor of Nursing Science at the University of Namibia. METHOD A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research strategy was followed as the basis of conducting the study. A sample of 15 nursing students was purposively selected from the target population of 73 nursing students. This sample size was determined by the saturation of data as reflected in repeating themes. The collected data were analysed thematically using an inductive approach. RESULTS Three main themes subsequently emerged from the study: ENs' positive experiences advancing in the Bachelor of Nursing Science (BNSc) programme; nurses' negative experiences advancing in the BNSc programme; and recommendations to ensure effective advancement in the BNSc programmeConclusion: The findings of this study revealed that ENs positively experience becoming a RN when it comes to self-development; however, they have negative experiences such as not receiving exemptions for prior learning and having to learn a new curriculum.Contribution: These findings may be used by the Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Public Health management in order to develop targeted interventions and ongoing strategies during their curriculum review cycles to ensure positive student experiences and success within the programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O Ashipala
- Department of General Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Rundu.
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Perugi S, Ciarcià M, Coviello C, Fusco M, Lunardi C, Remaschi G, Sarcina D, Sassudelli G, Pratesi S, Dani C. A structured programme to promote breastfeeding improved the rates in very preterm infants at discharge. Acta Paediatr 2024. [PMID: 38436515 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM We developed the Promotion of Breastfeeding (PROBREAST) programme and evaluated what effect it had on the breastfeeding rate in infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation or weighing ≤1500 grams. METHODS We compared the breastfeeding rate in two cohorts of patients who were born before (n = 72; January 2017 to June 2018) and after (n = 80; July 2018 to December 2019) the application of the programme. Moreover, we compared the correlation between type of feeding at discharge and post-discharge breastfeeding rate, between exclusive breastfeeding, postnatal growth and neurodevelopment. RESULTS Infants in the PROBREAST group had an exclusive breastfeeding rate at discharge higher (42 vs. 16%, p < 0.001) than that in the historical control group. Exclusive breastfeeding was negatively correlated with weight z-score at discharge, but not at 12 and 24 months corrected age, and was positively correlated with cognitive score at 24 months corrected age. CONCLUSION The application of a structured programme for the promotion of breastfeeding improved the breastfeeding rate in very preterm infants. We demonstrated that exclusive breastfeeding at discharge improved their neurodevelopment without impairing growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Perugi
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Ciarcià
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Caterina Coviello
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Fusco
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Clara Lunardi
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Remaschi
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Sarcina
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sassudelli
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Pratesi
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Dani
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Anderson YC, Wild CEK, Gilchrist CA, Hofman PL, Cave TL, Domett T, Cutfield WS, Derraik JGB, Grant CC. A Multisource Process Evaluation of a Community-Based Healthy Lifestyle Programme for Child and Adolescent Obesity. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:247. [PMID: 38397358 PMCID: PMC10887184 DOI: 10.3390/children11020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Whānau Pakari is a healthy lifestyle assessment and intervention programme for children and adolescents with obesity in Taranaki (Aotearoa/New Zealand), which, in this region, replaced the nationally funded Green Prescription Active Families (GRxAF) programme. We compared national referral rates from the GRxAF programme (age 5-15 years) and the B4 School Check (B4SC, a national preschool health and development assessment) with referral rates in Taranaki from Whānau Pakari. We retrospectively analysed 5 years of clinical data (2010-2015), comparing referral rates before, during, and after the Whānau Pakari clinical trial, which was embedded within the programme. We also surveyed programme referrers and stakeholders about their experiences of Whānau Pakari, analysing their responses using a multiple-methods framework. After the Whānau Pakari trial commenced, Taranaki GRxAF referral rates increased markedly (2.3 pretrial to 7.2 per 1000 person-years), while NZ rates were largely unchanged (1.8-1.9 per 1000 person-years) (p < 0.0001 for differences during the trial). Post-trial, Taranaki GRxAF referral rates remained higher irrespective of ethnicity, being 1.8 to 3.2 times the national rates (p < 0.001). Taranaki B4SC referrals for obesity were nearly complete at 99% in the last trial year and 100% post-trial, compared with national rates threefold lower (31% and 32%, respectively; p < 0.0001), with Taranaki referral rates for extreme obesity sustained at 80% and exceeding national rates for both periods (58% and 62%, respectively; p < 0.01). Notably, a referral was 50% more likely for referrers who attended a Whānau Pakari training half-day (RR = 1.51; p = 0.009). Stakeholders credited the success of Whānau Pakari to its multidisciplinary team, family-centred approach, and home-based assessments. However, they highlighted challenges such as navigating multidisciplinary collaboration, engaging with families with complex needs, and shifting conventional healthcare practices. Given its favourable referral trends and stakeholder endorsement, Whānau Pakari appears to be a viable contemporary model for an accessible and culturally appropriate intervention on a national and potentially international scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne C Anderson
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Grafton Campus, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Child and Adolescent Community Health, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Cervantée E K Wild
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Grafton Campus, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Catherine A Gilchrist
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Grafton Campus, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Paul L Hofman
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, 2 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Tami L Cave
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tania Domett
- Cogo Consulting, 58 Surrey Crescent, Grey Lynn, Auckland 1141, New Zealand
| | - Wayne S Cutfield
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, 2 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - José G B Derraik
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Grafton Campus, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Cameron C Grant
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Grafton Campus, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, 2 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
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Han E, Scior K, Grace K, Heath E, Dufresne S, Crane L. 'Who, When, How to Share': Pilot study of a new disclosure decision-making programme for autistic adults. Autism 2024:13623613231221685. [PMID: 38339979 DOI: 10.1177/13623613231221685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT 'Who, When, How to Share' is a new programme that aims to support autistic adults in making decisions around sharing their autistic identity with others. The programme involves working through a self-help guide independently over 3 weeks with optional peer support. We wanted to find out if autistic adults would join the programme and find it useful. Thirty-two autistic adults took part in the programme and 19 of them completed it. Most participants who completed the programme liked the programme and found it helpful, but some felt that they needed more time and support to complete it. They suggested that the programme would be more accessible if it was more interactive, such as including videos and other ways to gain feedback on their progress. Surveys filled in by participants before and after the programme suggested that they became more confident and less stressed about sharing their autistic identity with others, but some felt they still needed to build more confidence in order to handle negative attitudes from others. More work is needed to improve and test the programme further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Han
- Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), IOE, UCL's Faculty of Education and Society, UK
| | - Katrina Scior
- UCL Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UK
| | - Kana Grace
- Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), IOE, UCL's Faculty of Education and Society, UK
| | | | - Simone Dufresne
- Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Study & Human Development, Tufts University, USA
| | - Laura Crane
- Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), IOE, UCL's Faculty of Education and Society, UK
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Hoe CYW, Ahmad B, Watterson J. The use of videos for diabetes patient education: A systematic review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3722. [PMID: 37690072 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes prevalence is rising worldwide, calling for public health concerns and interventions to improve prevention and management. Self-care is an important component in reducing the incidence of complications from diabetes, but it must be taught. This systematic review aims to synthesise the evidence for education videos for people with diabetes. Electronic databases, including Ovid (Medline, Embase, EmCare), PsychInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus, were searched for studies on educational videos for patients with diabetes that met the inclusion criteria. A total of 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data extracted were synthesised through narrative synthesis. Studies examined outcomes including biological (i.e., glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), weight, BMI), non-biological (health literacy, self-efficacy) and subjective feedback (i.e., acceptability, cultural appropriateness). The most common length of video was ≤10 min. Online dissemination was the most common method of video distribution. A statistically significant decrease (ranging from -0.1% to -2.1%) in HbA1C was noted in 7 of 12 studies examining this outcome. Other studies also found evidence of improvement in health literacy, self-efficacy, physical activity, medication adherence and other outcomes. Feedback from participants was generally positive, and emphasis was placed on the need for cultural appropriateness and representation in the educational videos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosette Yoon Wey Hoe
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Badariah Ahmad
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jessica Watterson
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Action Lab, Department of Human-Centred Computing, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Mbengo F, Adama E, Towell-Barnard A, Zgambo M. "A spade was called a spade … ": Youth and intervention implementers' perceptions of a resilience-based HIV-prevention intervention for youth in South Africa. Afr J AIDS Res 2023; 22:145-156. [PMID: 37539638 DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2023.2233496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The youth (15-24 years old) in South Africa remain at high risk of HIV infection despite varied efforts to control the disease. An understanding of the perspectives of relevant stakeholders of HIV-prevention interventions targeting the youth is important to guide research, policy and practice aimed at improving these interventions. This study explores youth and intervention implementers' perceptions of a resilience-based HIV-prevention intervention (You Only Live Once) aimed at reducing risky sexual behaviours among the youth in South Africa. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 young people who participated in the intervention, and four intervention implementers at a not-for-profit organisation in Maluti-a-Phofung Local Municipality, South Africa. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Three main themes emerged from the data: (1) Acceptability and impact of the intervention; (2) Factors influencing intervention implementation; and (3) Recommendations to improve intervention implementation. These findings provide insights into the acceptability, impact, barriers and facilitators of resilience-based HIV-prevention interventions for the youth in South Africa and similar contexts, and how implementation of these interventions could be enhanced. The findings can help researchers, policy makers and health care practitioners in the field of HIV prevention to improve interventions targeting young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fungai Mbengo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Esther Adama
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | | | - Maggie Zgambo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
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Bonokoane KS, Sebaeng JM, Moloko-Phiri SS. Incorporation of Nurse Initiated Management of Antiretroviral Treatment course within the undergraduate nursing programme North West province. Health SA 2023; 28:2286. [PMID: 37927944 PMCID: PMC10623491 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background According to the 90-90-90 strategy, the focus is on 90% of people living with HIV and/or AIDS knowing their HIV status, initiated on antiretroviral treatment and achieving viral suppression. The challenge is that only 74% of people living with HIV and/or AIDS are on antiretroviral treatment, and HIV mortality still occurs. Literature recommends the incorporation of a Nurse Initiated Management of Antiretroviral Treatment (NIMART) course within the undergraduate nursing programme to capacitate new nurses to manage people living with HIV and/or AIDS immediately after completion of their training. However, the NIMART course is still not incorporated, and there is dearth of information on this topic in North West Province (NWP). Aim To explore and describe nurse educators' perceptions regarding the incorporation of NIMART course within the undergraduate nursing programme in NWP. Setting The setting of this research study was nursing education institutions of the NWP. Methods Phenomenography qualitative research design was followed. Twelve nurse educators underwent purposive selection and unstructured individual interviews were conducted. The research co-coder verified the findings. There were ethical considerations and trustworthiness maintained throughout the study. Results Main themes that emerged in this study depicted benefits and challenges associated with NIMART course incorporation within the undergraduate nursing programme as stated in Table 1. Conclusion This study concluded that NIMART course incorporation within the undergraduate nursing programme is a good and relevant idea, which requires human and non-human resources. Contribution The study contributed new knowledge on how nurse educators perceive the NIMART course incorporation within the undergraduate nursing programme in NWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabelo S Bonokoane
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Mahikeng, South Africa
| | - Jeanettte M Sebaeng
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Seepaneng S Moloko-Phiri
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Mahikeng, South Africa
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Panigrahi SK, Naik G, Padhy GK, Mondal H, Bhattacharya S. Need Assessment of Existing Mentorship Program Among Undergraduate Medical Students: Experience From a Medical College in Chhattisgarh, India. Cureus 2023; 15:e47413. [PMID: 38022138 PMCID: PMC10658214 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While mentoring students during regular medical education has a long-standing tradition in many developed countries' medical schools, it has yet to become a standard practice in the majority of medical institutions, especially in the developing world, such as India. In institutions where mentoring programs are sparsely implemented, there is a lack of data regarding their assessment. Methodology This qualitative study involved two groups of students - nine undergraduate medical students (five male and four female) and 10 undergraduate medical students (six male and four female) who had at least three years of experience in the existing mentorship program at a tertiary care teaching hospital. We conducted two focused group discussions (FGDs) with these two groups of students using a guide, with FGDs lasting 45 and 50 minutes, respectively. We recorded the audio and it was transcripted to text. Thematic analysis of the transcripts from the 2 FGDs was conducted using Atlasti (Version 7.1.8) software to assess perceptions of the mentorship program. Results The content analysis of the discussions revealed two broad themes, namely "Current Functioning of the Programme" and "Suggestions for Improvement." These themes were further divided into multiple domains and subdomains, providing a comprehensive overview of the study's findings. Although there is a consensus among students that the mentorship program is essential, the current operational framework still has limited confidence due to biases, fears, and misinformation among the students. Conclusion The ongoing medical curriculum imparts a vast amount of scientific knowledge within a limited timeframe, with practical application occurring primarily in the last three years of the academic curriculum and minimal emphasis on ethical practice, professionalism, effective communication, handling urgent health situations, and interacting with family members, underscores the genuine need for a structured mentorship curriculum for undergraduate medical students. To enhance the program's effectiveness, the active involvement of undergraduate students must address their specific needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Panigrahi
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Deoghar, IND
| | - Gitismita Naik
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, Saguna, IND
| | - Gouri K Padhy
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Himel Mondal
- Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Deoghar, IND
| | - Sudip Bhattacharya
- Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Deoghar, IND
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Maxwell-Armstrong C, Cheetham M, Branagan G, Davies J, Davies M, Eardley N, Hancock L, Harikrishnan A, McArthur D, Siddiqui S, Tiernan J, Torkington J. Rectal cancer services - is it time for specialization within units? Colorectal Dis 2023. [PMID: 37082786 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Cheetham
- Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Shrewsbury, UK
| | | | - Justin Davies
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mike Davies
- Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Laura Hancock
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (Wythenshawe), Manchester, UK
| | | | - David McArthur
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (Heartlands), Birmingham, UK
| | - Shahab Siddiqui
- Mid and South Essex Foundation Trust (Broomfield), Essex, UK
| | - Jim Tiernan
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Bawazeer M, Alsowailmi B, Masud N, BenSalih A, Alfaraidi L, Said F. Immediate outcome assessment of the rapid response team of home health care services at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:686-693. [PMID: 37312785 PMCID: PMC10259559 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1653_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Paediatrics rapid response team (RRT) is a newly developed service under paediatrics home health care (HHC) programme which is a standby visiting team that responds to non-critical emergency calls. The current study aimed to compare the total emergency visits and hospital admissions before and after implementation of RRT project. Method A retrospective chart review was conducted from December 2018 to December 2020. Paediatric patients registered under the home health care (HHC) programme were the target population. The admission and hospitalization rates were assessed before and after the implantation of an RRT. The variables related to patient profile were assessed to explore the association between hospitalization and admission. Result Data for 117 patients and a total of 114 calls attended under HHC covered by RRT were analysed. In the first year after the implementation of RRT, the mean number of ER visits per patient per year was reduced from 4.78 ± 6.10 to 3.93 ± 4.12 with (P value, 0.06). Also, a slight decrease in the mean number of admissions from 3.74 ± 4.43 to a mean of 3.46 ± 4.1 with (P value, 0.29). Follow-up after receiving an RRT call for an initial complaint was statistically significant in reducing both ER visits and hospital admissions within 7 days with a P value of 0.03 and 0.04, respectively. Conclusion The RRT was effective in decreasing the ER visits and hospital admissions for a very special group of patients. Additionally, the emplacement of proper triaging code at the time of attending to patients helped in reducing unnecessary ER visit and hospital admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Bawazeer
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Scientific Home Healthcare Society, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Banan Alsowailmi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazish Masud
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
| | - Ayah BenSalih
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama Alfaraidi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feryal Said
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Esteban-Serna C, Eisenstadt M, Gardner E, Liverpool S. A preliminary evaluation of Kids Matter: A community-based parenting intervention. J Community Psychol 2023; 51:453-467. [PMID: 35901270 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parents living in deprived communities are more likely to report lower parental self-efficacy and wellbeing. Poor parental wellbeing and self-efficacy are known risk factors in the development of a range of health and behavioural problems in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Parenting interventions are key to prevent adverse outcomes in children, however, the mechanisms by which parents learn to understand and support their children are still not well understood. This study evaluated the acceptability of Kids Matter, a parenting intervention targeting parents who are struggling with financial adversity. Secondarily, the relationship between parental wellbeing and and self-efficacy was examined. The present is a retrospective, consecutive case series design study, comparing routinely collected data at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 3-month follow-up. Descriptive frequencies were drawn to explore parents' impressions of the programme. Multivariate analysis of variance and regression modelling were used to evaluate associations between parental wellbeing and self-efficacy at different time points. Parents found the programme enjoyable and useful. The intervention led to significant improvements in parental wellbeing and self-efficacy. Improvements in parental wellbeing were significantly associated with improvements in self-efficacy. This study provides evidence of the acceptability and effectiveness of Kids Matter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mia Eisenstadt
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
| | | | - Shaun Liverpool
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Department of Applied Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
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Ruiz-Zaldibar C, Gal-Iglesias B, Azpeleta-Noriega C, Ruiz-López M, Pérez-Manchón D. The Effect of a Sleep Intervention on Sleep Quality in Nursing Students: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:13886. [PMID: 36360766 PMCID: PMC9656642 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We develop a protocol for assessing the impact of an intervention aimed at improving sleep quality among university nursing students. The study is designed as a pilot randomized controlled trial to be applied during the 2022-23 academic year and is registered at Clinical Trials Gov website (NCT05273086). A total of 60 nursing students will be recruited from a Spanish university. They will be divided into two groups: (30) intervention group and (30) control group. The intervention group will attend two cognitive-behavioural therapy sleep programme sessions focused on knowledge of anatomical structures involved in sleep, chronotype, synchronization, and good sleeping habits. Subjective and objective sleep quality will be assessed before and after the intervention for both groups. In addition to sleep quality, socio-demographic parameters, physical activity, lifestyle habits, and anthropometric measures will be considered prior to intervention. Finally, a satisfaction questionnaire will be applied for posterior analysis. This study is an innovative, relevant intervention that aims to improve sleep quality among university nursing students. Both the approach and the use of objective and subjective validated outcome measurements are key features of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cayetana Ruiz-Zaldibar
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Education, University of Camilo José Cela, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gal-Iglesias
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Education, University of Camilo José Cela, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Azpeleta-Noriega
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Ruiz-López
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Education, University of Camilo José Cela, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Pérez-Manchón
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Education, University of Camilo José Cela, 28692 Madrid, Spain
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Nguyen V, Bellhouse C. A recreational group intervention based on Relational Cultural Theory for women experiencing substance use disorders in Australia: A protocol. Health Soc Care Community 2022; 30:e2080-e2087. [PMID: 34766401 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gender differences exist in the progression, initiation and maintenance of substance use disorders (SUDs). Women encounter unique barriers to accessing treatment for their SUDs and commonly report higher perceptions of stigma around their substance use. Currently, there is a paucity of women-specific treatment options that address their perception of stigma and shame regarding SUDs. The Women of the West (WOW) programme is a pilot study that explores the subjective acceptability and feasibility of participating in a recreational and relational skill development group for women with SUDs. The pilot study adopts qualitative research methods including focus groups and interviews with ten participants who self-identify as women experiencing SUDs and two programme facilitators. The programme's primary aim is to promote participants' relational skills with peers in an enjoyable, and therapeutic environment. It is anticipated as participants develop their relational skills with peers, their sense of stigma regarding their SUDs and social isolation will decrease. Ultimately this can promote their long-term recovery from SUDs and overall well-being. Findings from this study will provide direction for future programme development and treatment services seeking to promote better outcomes for women with SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Nguyen
- Odyssey House Victoria, Footscray, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clare Bellhouse
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Hossain S, Shah S, Scott J, Dunn A, Hartland AW, Hudson S, Johnson JA. Reinventing Undergraduate Clinical Placements with a Switch to Delivery by Clinical Teaching Fellows. Adv Med Educ Pract 2021; 12:1429-1438. [PMID: 34924780 PMCID: PMC8674148 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s336912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Undergraduate clinical placements have the potential for significant improvement. Previous research has shown the growing value of clinical teaching fellows (CTFs) within medical education. Changing traditional placements to a model whereby CTFs have defined roles and lead the majority of teaching can positively reinvent undergraduate clinical teaching. We wanted to see how a structured teaching programme delivered by CTFs could affect student experience and personal development within a large associate teaching hospital. We consider how such a model could be implemented and explore the opportunities for CTFs to develop in personal and professional capacities. METHODS A mixed methods study was organised to assess student experience of a CTF-led placement. A novel structured teaching programme was delivered by 14 CTFs, who provided or were involved with the majority of teaching for all medical students. Thematic analysis was conducted on focus groups with 48 final year medical students from Queen Mary University of London following completion of their clinical placements. The same students were asked to complete an anonymous survey from which results were analysed using modified 5-point Likert scales. RESULTS Eight themes were identified from the focus groups. Students appreciated the increased individualisation, relevance and variety of teaching and the ability to record progress. Other perceived effects were higher teacher to student ratios, more learning opportunities and increased familiarity and reliability with CTFs. Of the students surveyed, 96% felt their overall placement experience was very good in comparison to previous placements elsewhere. Survey results supported focus group themes and demonstrated perceived growth in students' personal development. CONCLUSION Placement models where CTFs lead most teaching can improve medical undergraduate experience and training. A move towards CTF-delivered teaching can be of financial benefit to hospital trusts whilst allowing time for junior doctors to explore different clinical specialities and hone their teaching skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabir Hossain
- Medical Education Department, Broomfield Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Chelmsford, CM1 7ET, UK
| | - Shilen Shah
- Medical Education Department, Broomfield Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Chelmsford, CM1 7ET, UK
| | - Jonathan Scott
- Medical Education Department, Broomfield Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Chelmsford, CM1 7ET, UK
| | - Abigail Dunn
- Medical Education Department, Broomfield Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Chelmsford, CM1 7ET, UK
| | - Alexander W Hartland
- Medical Education Department, Broomfield Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Chelmsford, CM1 7ET, UK
| | - Sonia Hudson
- Medical Education Department, Broomfield Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Chelmsford, CM1 7ET, UK
| | - Jo-Anne Johnson
- School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, UK
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Shavaki YA, Weisi F, Kamali M, Soleymani Z, Kashani ZA, Rashedi V. Developing a programme for training phonological awareness and assessment of its effectiveness on reading skills of elementary first graders with cochlear implant. Niger Postgrad Med J 2021; 28:291-297. [PMID: 34850758 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_648_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background The current study aimed to develop a comprehensive phonological awareness intervention to train all levels of phonological awareness skills and to investigate its effect on the reading abilities of cochlear implanted children. Materials and Methods This study was the single-subject intervention. Phonological awareness intervention programme was developed and validated by experts' opinions. Six elementary first graders with cochlear implants and weak or delayed reading development, in 5-7-year-old range, were trained in phonological awareness skills. 'Auditory test of phonological awareness skills' was used to evaluate the subjects' phonological awareness skills. Nama reading test was also used to determine the level of reading performance. Results The results showed that all six subjects with cochlear implants had improvements of both phonological awareness skills and reading skills after participating in the phonological awareness intervention programme. This improvement was not only observed immediately after intervention but was also preserved in follow-up. Conclusion The findings of this study demonstrated the importance of planning an intervention programme about phonological awareness skills for elementary first graders with cochlear implant, and the important role of such an intervention programme in improving their performance in phonological awareness tasks, and then in reading tasks consequently. The importance of improvement in these skills could considerably affect these children's linguistic and psychological abilities, which may facilitate their education at higher grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoones Amiri Shavaki
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Weisi
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamali
- Department of Rehabilitation Management, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Soleymani
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Arani Kashani
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Rashedi
- Department of Gerontology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jewkes R, Willan S, Heise L, Washington L, Shai N, Kerr-Wilson A, Gibbs A, Stern E, Christofides N. Elements of the Design and Implementation of Interventions to Prevent Violence against Women and Girls Associated with Success: Reflections from the What Works to Prevent Violence against Women and Girls? Global Programme. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:12129. [PMID: 34831885 PMCID: PMC8621962 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has a large and sustained impact on women's mental health, and so effective prevention is critical. A review of 96 rigorous evaluations of interventions for their impact on violence against women and girls (mostly IPV) found that several intervention approaches were effective. However, not every evaluation of a 'successful approach' showed success in reducing IPV. In order to understand what else impacts success, we analysed practitioners' accounts and documentation of the design and implementation of seventeen interventions evaluated as part of What Works to Prevent Violence against Women and Girls (VAWG). Six features were identified as characteristics of all successful interventions: a rigorously planned intervention with a robust theory of change (ToC), attuned to the local context; addressing multiple drivers of VAWG; support for survivors; working with women and men; implementing at optimal intensity and having sufficient, well-selected, trained and supported staff and volunteers. Four features were necessary for success when relevant for the intervention approach: gender and social empowerment group activities and promoting positive interpersonal relations; participatory learning methods, emphasising empowerment, critical reflection and communication skills; carefully designed user-friendly manuals systematically followed; and when working with children, having an age-appropriate design with time for learning and an engaging pedagogy. This analysis provides the IPV prevention field with critical information for enhancing the impact of group- and community-based interventions in IPV prevention and through this strengthening women's mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Jewkes
- Office of the Executive Scientist, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.W.); (N.S.); (A.G.)
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa;
| | - Samantha Willan
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.W.); (N.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Lori Heise
- John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA 21211, USA;
- School of Nursing, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA 21211, USA
| | - Laura Washington
- Project Empower, Diakonia Centre, 20 Diakonia Ave, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Nwabisa Shai
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.W.); (N.S.); (A.G.)
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa;
| | - Alice Kerr-Wilson
- Social Development Direct, Finsgate, 5-7 Cranwood Street, London EC1V 9LH, UK;
| | - Andrew Gibbs
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.W.); (N.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Erin Stern
- Gender Violence and Health Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK;
| | - Nicola Christofides
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa;
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Billings L, Pradeilles R, Gillespie S, Vanderkooy A, Diatta D, Toure M, Diatta AD, Verstraeten R. Coherence for nutrition: insights from nutrition-relevant policies and programmes in Burkina Faso and Nigeria. Health Policy Plan 2021; 36:1574-1592. [PMID: 34450629 PMCID: PMC8597973 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czab108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is consensus that policy coherence is necessary for implementing effective and sustainable approaches to tackle malnutrition. We look at whether policies and programmes provide a coherent pathway to address nutrition priorities and if programmes are designed to deliver interventions aligned to the nutrition policy agenda in Nigeria and Burkina Faso. A systematic desk review was performed on nutrition-relevant policy and programme documents, obtained through grey literature searches and expert recommendations. We developed a framework with an impact pathway structure that includes five process steps, which was used to guide coding, data reduction and synthesis and structure the analysis. We assessed internal coherence along process steps within a given document and external coherence across process steps for explicitly linked policy/programme pairs. The majority of policies and programmes had partial internal coherence for both countries. The identification of relevant nutrition interventions to address challenges and reach objectives was the strongest connection within policies (16 out of 45 had complete coherence), while among programmes, the strongest connection was coverage indicators that measure interventions (9 out of 21 had complete coherence). Eight programmes explicitly referenced at least one nutrition-relevant policy, with a total of 16 linked policy/programme pairs (13 pairs for Burkina Faso and 3 for Nigeria) across health, nutrition, agriculture and social focus areas. However, none of the linked pairs were assessed to have complete external coherence, suggesting that priorities at the policy level are not fully realized nor translated at the programme level. This study offers a new approach for the assessment of policy and programme coherence and specifically examines policy and programme linkages. We conclude that improved leadership on country priority setting and better alignment for nutrition within and across sectors is needed to enhance the effectiveness of nutrition investments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Billings
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1201 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005USA
| | - Rebecca Pradeilles
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Clyde Williams Building, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TUUK
| | - Stuart Gillespie
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1201 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005USA
| | | | - Dieynab Diatta
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1201 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005USA
| | - Mariama Toure
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1201 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005USA
| | - Ampa Dogui Diatta
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1201 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005USA
| | - Roos Verstraeten
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1201 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005USA
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Abstract
The Irish Johne's Control Programme (IJCP) provides a long-term approach to the voluntary control of Johne's disease (JD) in Ireland, strongly supported by Irish cattle industry leadership. It leverages the establishment of Animal Health Ireland for control of animal diseases not regulated by the European Union. The IJCP has four objectives: facilitate protection against spread of JD to uninfected farms; reduce the level of infection when present; assure markets of JD control in Ireland; and improve calf health and farm biosecurity. Key IJCP elements are an annual veterinary risk assessment and management plan (VRAMP), annual whole herd test (WHT) by ELISA on blood or milk samples with ancillary faecal PCR testing of ELISA reactors, and Targeted Advisory Service on Animal Health (TASAH) investigations of infected herds. There are pathways for assurance of herds with continuing negative tests and for management of test-positive herds. Herdowners are responsible for on-farm activities, and specifically-trained (approved) veterinary practitioners have a pivotal role as technical advisors and service providers. The programme is supported by training of veterinarians, performance of testing in designated laboratories, documentation of policies and procedures, innovative data management for herd and test activities and for programme administration, training, and broad communication and awareness activities. Tools and systems are refined to address emerging issues and enhance the value of the programme. An Implementation Group comprising industry, government and technical leaders sets strategic direction and policy, advised by a Technical Working Group. Shared funding responsibilities are agreed by key stakeholders until 2022 to support herds in the programme to complete requirements. Herd registrations have increased steadily to exceed 1,800. National bulk tank milk surveillance is also being deployed to identify and recruit test-positive herds with the expectation that they have a relatively high proportion of seropositive animals. The programme will continue to innovate and improve to meet farmer and industry needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorna Citer
- Animal Health Ireland, Carrick-On-Shannon, Ireland
| | - Simon J More
- Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Graham
- Animal Health Ireland, Carrick-On-Shannon, Ireland
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Ansbro É, Garry S, Karir V, Reddy A, Jobanputra K, Fardous T, Sadique Z. Delivering a primary-level non-communicable disease programme for Syrian refugees and the host population in Jordan: a descriptive costing study. Health Policy Plan 2021; 35:931-940. [PMID: 32621490 PMCID: PMC8312704 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czaa050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Syrian conflict has caused enormous displacement of a population with a high
non-communicable disease (NCD) burden into surrounding countries, overwhelming health
systems’ NCD care capacity. Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) developed a primary-level NCD
programme, serving Syrian refugees and the host population in Irbid, Jordan, to assist the
response. Cost data, which are currently lacking, may support programme adaptation and
system scale up of such NCD services. This descriptive costing study from the provider
perspective explored financial costs of the MSF NCD programme. We estimated annual total,
per patient and per consultation costs for 2015–17 using a combined ingredients-based and
step-down allocation approach. Data were collected via programme budgets, facility
records, direct observation and informal interviews. Scenario analyses explored the impact
of varying procurement processes, consultation frequency and task sharing. Total annual
programme cost ranged from 4 to 6 million International Dollars (INT$), increasing
annually from INT$4 206 481 (2015) to INT$6 739 438 (2017), with costs driven mainly by
human resources and drugs. Per patient per year cost increased 23% from INT$1424 (2015) to
1751 (2016), and by 9% to 1904 (2017), while cost per consultation increased from INT$209
to 253 (2015–17). Annual cost increases reflected growing patient load and increasing
service complexity throughout 2015–17. A scenario importing all medications cut total
costs by 31%, while negotiating importation of high-cost items offered 13% savings.
Leveraging pooled procurement for local purchasing could save 20%. Staff costs were more
sensitive to reducing clinical review frequency than to task sharing review to nurses.
Over 1000 extra patients could be enrolled without additional staffing cost if care
delivery was restructured. Total costs significantly exceeded costs reported for NCD care
in low-income humanitarian contexts. Efficiencies gained by revising procurement and/or
restructuring consultation models could confer cost savings or facilitate cohort
expansion. Cost effectiveness studies of adapted models are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éimhín Ansbro
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, UK
| | - Sylvia Garry
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Veena Karir
- Médecins sans Frontières, Plantage Middenlaan 14 1018 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amulya Reddy
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Lower Ground Floor, Chancery Exchange, 10 Furnival Street, London EC4A 1AB, UK
| | - Kiran Jobanputra
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Lower Ground Floor, Chancery Exchange, 10 Furnival Street, London EC4A 1AB, UK
| | - Taissir Fardous
- Health Economy Directorate, Ministry of Health, Pr. Hamzah St., Amman, Jordan
| | - Zia Sadique
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, UK
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Vanhelst J, Deken V, Boulic G, Raffin S, Duhamel A, Romon M. Trends in prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in a community-based programme: The VIF Programme. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12761. [PMID: 33333630 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity in children is considered the main childhood health problem. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of 7-year community-based interventions on the trend prevalence of overweight and obesity in French preschool children and primary school children between 2008 and 2015. METHODS Two cross-sectional studies were performed in the last grade of every pre-school and primary schools of 6 cities in 2008 and 2015. In 2008 and 2015, 3387 children and 3415 children (aged 5 and 11 years old) participated in the 2 surveys. Interventions consisted to promote physical activity, healthy diet, sleep habits and well-being. Prevalence of overweight and obesity were defined according to age- and sex-specific BMI cut-off points. Priority education area of the schools was also recorded. RESULTS Prevalence of overweight and obesity decreased significantly between 2008 and 2015 in children from pre-schools (18.1% vs 13.0%) and primary schools (20.9% vs 16.9%) (P < 0.05). No effects of priority education area and sex were found related to the decrease of prevalence in overweight and obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that over 7 years period, the community-based intervention has a positive impact on the overweight and obesity prevalence in childhood. These results are promising and encouraging in addressing obesity and related issues in French young boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Vanhelst
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Valérie Deken
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS: Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Alain Duhamel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS: Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales, Lille, France
| | - Monique Romon
- Professeur émérite, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS: Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales, Lille, France
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21
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Wong EML, Leung DYP, Tam HL, Wang Q, Yeung KW, Leung AYM. The Effect of a Lifestyle Intervention Program Using a Mobile Application for Adults with Metabolic Syndrome, versus the Effect of a Program Using a Booklet: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:633-644. [PMID: 33888981 PMCID: PMC8057802 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s303920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to examine the preliminary effect, feasibility, and acceptability of a lifestyle intervention program using a mobile application (app) versus the effect of a program using a booklet for adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Patients and Methods This trial was conducted in two community centers of Hong Kong. Participants were included if they were adults with MetS, aged over 50, and able to use a smartphone. Eligible subjects were randomly assigned to either the app group or booklet group. Those in the booklet group received a health talk and a booklet, whereas those in the app group received a health talk and a MetS app to support their exercise maintenance and health records for 3 months. Both groups received similar educational content related to healthcare for MetS clients. Data were collected at baseline (T1) and at 1- (T2) and 3-month (T3) intervals. Outcomes were body weight (primary outcome), total amount of exercise, blood pressure, and lipid concentrations. Data were analyzed using the generalized estimating equation models. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed in process evaluation. Results Ninety-eight individuals were screened for eligibility and 77 were randomized into the app group (n = 38) or booklet group (n = 39). The attrition rate at T3 was 11.690%. The app group showed a significant reduction in body weight (β = −1.069, p = 0.012) and body mass index (β = −0.371, p = 0.026), a greater amount of exercise (β = 8.454, p = 0.032), and improved exercise self-efficacy (β = 10.62, p = 0.001) within 3 months. There were no significant differences between groups for other outcomes. The participants appreciated the proposed intervention of the programme. Conclusion The MetS app may be incorporated in the health promotion programme to support exercise maintenance and a healthy lifestyle in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Mi Ling Wong
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Doris Y P Leung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hon Lon Tam
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Nursing, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang Yeung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Angela Y M Leung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
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22
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Prinja S, Sharma A, Nimesh R, Sharma V, Madan Gopal K, Badgaiyan N, Lakshmi P, Gupta M. Impact of National Health Mission on infant mortality in India: An interrupted time series analysis. Int J Health Plann Manage 2021; 36:1143-1152. [PMID: 33792075 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Government of India introduced National Rural Health Mission in 2005-now transformed into National Health Mission (NHM), to bring about architectural reforms in health sector. In this study, we evaluate the overall impact of NHM on infant mortality at national and state level. Annual data on infant mortality rate (IMR) from 1990 to 2016 were obtained from Sample Registration System bulletins. With reporting year 2009 considered as cut-off point, a two-step segmented time series regression analysis was conducted. Estimates of pre-slope, post-slope and change at the point of intervention were computed by applying auto-regressive integrated moving average (1, 0, 0) while adjusting for trend and auto correlation. We found that while IMR reduced from around 80 to 34 per 1000 live births at the national level from 1990 to 2016, the annual rate of reduction increased from 1.6 per 1000 live births before NHM to 2.2 per 1000 live births after NHM. This is estimated to have averted 248,212 infant deaths in India, between 2005 and 2017. The rate of decline in IMR accelerated in 13 out of 17 larger states, most significantly in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Assam, Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. NHM has thus been successful in accelerating the overall rate of reduction in IMR in India. There is still a need to identify the determinants of variations at state level. We recommend strengthening of NHM in terms of funding and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Prinja
- Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Atul Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ruby Nimesh
- Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vineeta Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | - Pvm Lakshmi
- Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Sen I, Dave N, Bhardwaj N, Juwarkar C, Beegum S. Specialised training in paediatric anaesthesia: Need of the hour. Indian J Anaesth 2021; 65:17-22. [PMID: 33767498 PMCID: PMC7980246 DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_1445_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Paediatric anaesthesia is an upcoming speciality which is gaining wide interest and can be a career choice for the new trainees. The need to develop paediatric anaesthesia as a speciality was realised with the progress in the field of paediatric surgery. The profile of the 'patient' encountered by a paediatric anaesthesiologist spans from an extremely premature neonate on the fringes of survival, to a full-grown adolescent equivalent to an adult. Perioperative morbidity and mortality are 2-3 times higher in infants and neonates compared to adults particularly in middle and low-income countries. The anatomical, physiological, pharmacological variations and presence of congenital cardiac, pulmonary and metabolic diseases in young children make perioperative management challenging. Special expertise and training are required for anaesthetic management of these preverbal children. In India, 3-years DM and 1-year Fellowship courses in paediatric anaesthesia are now available for specialisation. An ideal paediatric anaesthesia training centre should have substantial paediatric and neonatal patient load with exclusive intensive care facility. Paediatric anaesthesiologists, having knowledge of several facets of paediatrics and anaesthesia are capable of coordinating with health care professionals performing procedures outside the operating room. Paediatric anaesthesia, as a career thus offers a great opportunity to enhance quality and safety of anaesthesia in this high-risk surgical population. Persistent coordinated team efforts improve patient outcomes, reduce stress at work and increase job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Sen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nandini Dave
- Department of Anaesthesia, NH SRCC Children's Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neerja Bhardwaj
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Chitra Juwarkar
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Goa Medical College, Bambolim, Goa, India
| | - Shamshad Beegum
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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Dumoulin C, Reynes E, Berthouze SE. Éléments structurant les programmes d’activité physique dans la lutte contre le surpoids et l’obésité : état des lieux et suggestions. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:1-8. [PMID: 32283035 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To date, physical activity (PA) programs for overweight and obese people are built around recommendations established for the general population. However, these people have special characteristics that require adapted coaching. In order to begin this work of recommendations, the objective of this article was to list the criteria usually used to describe and study PA programs for overweight and obese people and its associated postprogram follow-up. A systematic review of both meta-analyses and systematic reviews related to PA programs in the management of overweight and obesity has highlighted that few descriptive elements of programs are systematically reported, and that PA programs are rarely sufficiently detailed to be able to calculate a PA dose or to compare the different programs. These convergences, disparities or gaps in the description of PA programs, led us to initiate a reflection on the interest of these criteria as well as on the interest of their systematization in weight management program design, including PA. We hope that will be a first step towards facilitating the development of recommendations for PA management of overweight and obesity. Novelty Objective: to identify criteria used to describe PA programs in the management of overweight and obesity. Criteria to systematize: data to calculate PA dose; description of program individualization strategy. Criteria to develop: drop-out rate as an indicator of program adaptation; description of fatigue management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Dumoulin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la motricité (LIBM, EA 7424), UFR STAPS, 27-29 Bd du 11 nov. 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Association « FORT EN SPORT », 2 place de Francfort, Immeuble Terra Mundi, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Eric Reynes
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (L-ViS, EA 7428), UFR STAPS, 27-29 Bd du 11 nov. 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Sophie E Berthouze
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la motricité (LIBM, EA 7424), UFR STAPS, 27-29 Bd du 11 nov. 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Young MF, Nguyen P, Kachwaha S, Tran Mai L, Ghosh S, Agrawal R, Escobar-Alegria J, Menon P, Avula R. It takes a village: An empirical analysis of how husbands, mothers-in-law, health workers, and mothers influence breastfeeding practices in Uttar Pradesh, India. Matern Child Nutr 2019; 16:e12892. [PMID: 31773869 PMCID: PMC7083414 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Evidence on strategies to improve infant and young child feeding in India, a country that carries the world's largest burden of undernutrition, is limited. In the context of a programme evaluation in two districts in Uttar Pradesh, we sought to understand the multiple influences on breastfeeding practices and to model potential programme influence on improving breastfeeding. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 1,838 recently delivered women, 1,194 husbands, and 1,353 mothers/mothers‐in‐law. We used bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models to examine the association between key determinants (maternal, household, community, and health services) and breastfeeding outcomes [early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF)], prelacteal feed, and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). We used population attributable risk analysis to estimate potential improvement in breastfeeding practices. Breastfeeding practices were suboptimal: EIBF (26.3%), EBF (54%), and prelacteal feeding (33%). EIBF was positively associated with maternal knowledge, counselling during pregnancy/delivery, and vaginal delivery at a health facility. Prelacteal feeds were less likely to be given when mothers had higher knowledge, beliefs and self‐efficacy, delivered at health facility, and mothers/mothers‐in‐law had attended school. EBF was positively associated with maternal knowledge, beliefs and self‐efficacy, parity, and socio‐economic status. High maternal stress and domestic violence contributed to lower EBF. Under optimal programme implementation, we estimate EIBF can be improved by 25%, prelacteal feeding can be reduced by 25%, and EBF can be increased by 23%. A multifactorial approach, including maternal‐, health service‐, family‐, and community‐level interventions has the potential to lead to significant improvements in breastfeeding practices in Uttar Pradesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa F Young
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Phuong Nguyen
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shivani Kachwaha
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Purnima Menon
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rasmi Avula
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
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Ansbro ÉM, Biringanine M, Caleo G, Prieto-Merino D, Sadique Z, Perel P, Jobanputra K, Roberts B. Management of diabetes and associated costs in a complex humanitarian setting in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030176. [PMID: 31767582 PMCID: PMC6887084 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate an Integrated Diabetic Clinic within a Hospital Outpatient Department (IDC-OPD) in a complex humanitarian setting in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Specific objectives were to: (1) analyse diabetes intermediate clinical and programmatic outcomes (blood pressure (BP)/glycaemic control, visit volume and frequency); (2) explore the association of key insecurity and related programmatic events with these outcomes; and (3) describe incremental IDC-OPD programme costs. DESIGN Retrospective cohort analysis of routine programmatic data collected from January 2014 to February 2017; analysis of programme costs for 2014/2015. SETTING Outpatient diabetes programme in Mweso hospital, supported by Médecins sans Frontières, in North Kivu, Demographic Republic of Congo. PARTICIPANTS Diabetes patients attending IDC-OPD. OUTCOME MEASURES Intermediate clinical and programmatic outcome trends (BP/ glycaemic control; visit volume/frequency); incremental programme costs. RESULTS Of 243 diabetes patients, 44.6% were women, median age was 45 (IQR 32-56); 51.4% were classified type 2. On introduction of IDC-OPD, glucose control improved and patient volume and visit interval increased. During insecurity, control rates were initially maintained by a nurse-provided, scaled-back service, while patient volume and visit interval decreased. Following service suspension due to drug stock-outs, patients were less likely to achieve control, improving on service resumption. Total costs decreased 16% from 2014 (€36 573) to 2015 (€30 861). Annual cost per patient dropped from €475 in 2014 to €214 in 2015 due to reduced supply costs and increased patient numbers. CONCLUSIONS In a chronic conflict setting, we documented that control of diabetes intermediate outcomes was achievable during stable periods. During insecure periods, a simplified, nurse-led model maintained control rates until drug stock-outs occurred. Incremental per patient annual costs were lower than chronic HIV care costs in low-income settings. Future operational research should define a simplified diabetes care package including emergency preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éimhín Mary Ansbro
- Manson Unit, Médecins sans Frontières, London, UK
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Michel Biringanine
- Mweso Hospital, Médecins Sans Frontières Operational Centre Amsterdam, Mweso, Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)
| | - Grazia Caleo
- Manson Unit, Médecins sans Frontières, London, UK
| | - David Prieto-Merino
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Zia Sadique
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Pablo Perel
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Bayard Roberts
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Liu Y, Jiang X, Jiang H, Lin K, Li M, Ji L. A culturally sensitive nurse-led structured education programme in patients with type 2 diabetes. Int J Nurs Pract 2019; 25:e12757. [PMID: 31261444 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a culturally sensitive nurse-led structured education programme for patients with type 2 diabetes. BACKGROUND A nurse-led satisfactory diabetes education programme might be feasible. The structured education programme is considered a potential model that helps patients manage diabetes. DESIGN A mixed-method design. METHODS A convenience sample of 44 participants received the programme. Feasibility was assessed using the recruitment rate and the retention rate. Acceptability was assessed by interviews to obtain the perception and experience of participants. Also, preliminary efficacy on diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, self-management behaviours, and clinical outcomes was assessed. Finally, data were collected from April to December 2015. RESULTS The recruitment rate and the retention rate were acceptable. Participants thought that the programme contributed to their positive changes. They enjoyed and accepted the programme, and they wanted to gain the ongoing support. Significant improvements in diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, self-management behaviours, A1C , fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference were reported in 12-week follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This programme is feasible and acceptable, and its preliminary efficacy is promising. Ongoing support, a control group, and long-term follow-up are required in future studies to assess its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeling Liu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
- International Medical Service Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xinjun Jiang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
- School of International Nursing, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Keke Lin
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzi Li
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Technology-based applications in the health field have been increasing in recent years. Since they attract adolescents' attention, technology-based applications can be used in health-promoting interventions. This systematic literature review was conducted to determine the effect of technology-based programmes in changing adolescent health behaviors. In the literature review, 16 randomized controlled empirical studies with full text published in English between 2011 and 2016 in the PubMed and Science Direct databases were investigated. The sample of the studies investigated under the scope of this study consisted of adolescents in the age range of 12-24 years. The intervention time was determined to be a minimum of two weeks and a maximum of 24 months. When the resulting studies were examined, the model was used in some of the studies. The intervention methods used for adolescents were generally presented as informing, counseling services, protection, behavioral change development, self-assessment, goal development and problem-solving. It was observed that the majority of the studies were Internet and computer-based, and some were mobile phone-based. In 56.25% of the studies, the development in the studied health behaviors was found to be significant. In addition, 62.5% of the adolescents stated that they were satisfied with technology-based programmes. In the studies, some of the difficulties in the use of technology included the participants' withdrawing from the research, their having difficulties in accessing the website, and other technical problems. The use of technology in health promotion is becoming widespread, especially among adolescents, which increases the success of behavioural change. However, further randomized controlled studies are needed in the field to increase evidence-based knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukiye Celik
- Nursing Department, Gazi University Health Sciences Faculty , Ankara, Turkey
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30
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Majumdar A, Wilkinson E, Rinu PK, Maung TM, Bachani D, Punia JS, Jain S, Yadav T, Jarhyan P, Mohan S, Kumar AMV. Tuberculosis-diabetes screening: how well are we doing? A mixed-methods study from North India. Public Health Action 2019; 9:3-10. [PMID: 30963036 DOI: 10.5588/pha.18.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Setting Public health care facilities in Sonipat District, Haryana State, India. Objectives To assess 1) the proportion of tuberculosis (TB) patients screened for diabetes mellitus (DM) and vice versa, 2) factors associated with screening, and 3) the enablers, barriers and solutions related to screening. Design A mixed-methods study with quantitative (cohort study involving record reviews of patients registered between November 2016 and April 2017) and qualitative (interviews of patients, health care providers [HCPs] and key district-level staff) components. Results Screening for TB among DM patients was not implemented, despite documents indicating that it had been. Of 562 TB patients, only 137 (24%) were screened for DM. TB patients registered at tertiary and secondary health centres were more likely to be screened than primary health centres. Low patient awareness, poor knowledge of guidelines among HCPs, lack of staff and inadequate training were barriers to screening. Enablers were the positive attitude of HCPs and programme staff. The key solutions suggested were to improve awareness of HCPs and patients regarding the need for screening, training of HCPs and wider availability of DM testing facilities. Conclusion The implementation of bidirectional screening was poor. Adequate staffing, regular training, continuous laboratory supplies for DM diagnosis and widespread publicity should be ensured.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Majumdar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - E Wilkinson
- Institute of Medicine, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - P K Rinu
- Public Health Foundation of India
| | - T M Maung
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - D Bachani
- John Snow India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, India
| | - J S Punia
- Haryana Health Department, Sonipat, India
| | - S Jain
- Haryana Health Department, Sonipat, India
| | - T Yadav
- Haryana District Tuberculosis Office, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Sonipat, India
| | | | - S Mohan
- Public Health Foundation of India
| | - A M V Kumar
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France.,The Union South-East Asia Office, New Delhi, India.,Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed University), Mangalore, India
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McHugh GA, Conaghan PG, McConville M, Cullen A, Hadi MA, Kingsbury SR. Promoting self-management in older people with arthritis: Preliminary findings of the Northern Ireland Staying Connected Programme. Musculoskeletal Care 2018; 16:489-493. [PMID: 29984887 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Medicine & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Mary McConville
- Arthritis Care Northern Ireland, The McCune Building, Belfast, UK
| | - Ailish Cullen
- Arthritis Care Northern Ireland, The McCune Building, Belfast, UK
| | - Muhammad A Hadi
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Sarah R Kingsbury
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Medicine & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Twum P, Qi J, Aurelie KK, Xu L. Effectiveness of a free maternal healthcare programme under the National Health Insurance Scheme on skilled care: evidence from a cross-sectional study in two districts in Ghana. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022614. [PMID: 30413503 PMCID: PMC6231580 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In her quest to reduce maternal mortality, Ghana introduced a free maternal healthcare programme under the National Health Insurance Scheme. This study aimed to evaluate if women registered with the insurance had a better chance of accessing maternal healthcare services in two districts in Ghana. SETTING We conducted a cross-sectional quantitative study involving household interviews of all women of the reproductive age group (15-49 years) residing in Kintampo North Municipality and Kintampo South District in Ghana from May to July 2015. Logistics regression analysis at 95% CI was used to determine the independent associations between maternal health insurance and use of antenatal care, facility-based delivery and postnatal care services. PARTICIPANTS Women who had children aged 3-12 months were selected to take part in the study. RESULTS We observed that women with insurance are 39.5 times more likely to have a maximum of six antenatal care visits and 2.6 times more likely to have an average of four antenatal care visits than those without insurance. Additionally, they are 5.3 times more likely to have facility-based delivery than those without insurance. An association was also found between postnatal care use and insurance as women who do not have insurance are 12.0 (1/0.083) times more likely to receive postnatal care than those with insurance. CONCLUSIONS Pregnant women who registered with health insurance had at least four antenatal care visits and delivered in a health facility. However majority of them did not go for postnatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Twum
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Services Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Qi
- School of Public Health and Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kasangye Kangoy Aurelie
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Services Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Services Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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May-Michelangeli L, Sami Y, Amalberti R. [Not Available]. Soins 2018; 63:30-33. [PMID: 30366700 DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PROGRAMME FOR THE CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT OF TEAM WORK TO IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF PATIENT CARE.: The analysis of the causes of care-related adverse events shows that in order to improve safety, human and organisational factors must be taken into account, and action taken to target team work. Based on this observation, the French National Health Authority designed and tested with volunteer teams the Programme for the Continuous Improvement of Team Work, between 2013 and 2016. This programme provides professionals with a series of tools and methods to improve they way they work in a team. Eventually, the implementation of the programme will be a requirement for the certification of healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia May-Michelangeli
- Service Évaluation et outils pour la qualité et la sécurité des soins (EvOQSS), direction de l'amélioration de la qualité et de la sécurité des soins, Haute Autorité de santé, 5, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 Saint-Denis-La-Plaine, France.
| | - Yasmine Sami
- Service Évaluation et outils pour la qualité et la sécurité des soins (EvOQSS), direction de l'amélioration de la qualité et de la sécurité des soins, Haute Autorité de santé, 5, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 Saint-Denis-La-Plaine, France
| | - René Amalberti
- Service Évaluation et outils pour la qualité et la sécurité des soins (EvOQSS), direction de l'amélioration de la qualité et de la sécurité des soins, Haute Autorité de santé, 5, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 Saint-Denis-La-Plaine, France
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Jutras M, Lambert J, Hwang J, Wang L, Simon S, Del Medico T, Mick P, Miller H, Kurtz D, Murphy MA, Jones CA. Targeting the psychosocial and functional fitness challenges of older adults with hearing loss: a participatory approach to adaptation of the walk and talk for your life program. Int J Audiol 2018; 57:519-528. [PMID: 29557202 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2018.1448945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Explore the acceptability of a socialisation, health education and falls prevention programme (Walk and Talk for Your Life: WTL) as an adjunct to group auditory rehabilitation (GAR) and how it might be adapted for older adults with hearing loss (HL). DESIGN Content theme analysis (CTA) of guided interviews explored the experience of HL, the acceptability of a WTL programme and suggestions on how to adapt the WTL programme to better suit the needs of older adults with HL. STUDY SAMPLE Twenty-eight (20 women, 8 men) adults (>55 years of age) with HL were interviewed. Seventeen had participated in past WTL programmes and eleven were sampled from the community. RESULTS Interviewees reported difficulty socialising and a tendency to withdraw from social interactions. Addition of GAR to a WTL programme was found to be highly acceptable. Interviewees suggested that to best suit their needs, sessions should take place in a location with optimal acoustics; include small groups integrating hearing-impaired and hearing-intact participants; include appropriate speaking ground rules; and include an option for partner involvement. CONCLUSIONS The adapted WTL programme provides a holistic and unique approach to the treatment of HL that has the potential to positively impact the hearing-impaired elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Jutras
- a Southern Medical Program , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada
| | - Justin Lambert
- a Southern Medical Program , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada
| | - Jiyoung Hwang
- a Southern Medical Program , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada
| | - Lisa Wang
- a Southern Medical Program , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada
| | - Shane Simon
- b Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Social Sciences , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada , and
| | - Talia Del Medico
- b Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Social Sciences , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada , and
| | - Paul Mick
- c Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada
| | - Harry Miller
- a Southern Medical Program , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada.,b Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Social Sciences , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada , and
| | - Donna Kurtz
- b Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Social Sciences , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada , and
| | - Mary-Ann Murphy
- b Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Social Sciences , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada , and
| | - Charlotte Ann Jones
- a Southern Medical Program , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , BC , Canada
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Kypri K. Commentary on Moore et al. (2017): Focus on policies rather than programmes to address alcohol-related violence. Addiction 2017; 112:1907-1908. [PMID: 28990304 DOI: 10.1111/add.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kypros Kypri
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Bermejo-Martins E, López-Dicastillo O, Mujika A. An exploratory trial of a health education programme to promote healthy lifestyles through social and emotional competence in young children: Study protocol. J Adv Nurs 2017; 74:211-222. [PMID: 28746738 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To implement and evaluate a health education programme based on the development of social and emotional competence in young children. BACKGROUND Children's social and emotional skills play a key role in the adoption and maintenance of their lifestyles. Currently, a more comprehensive perspective dealing with these aspects is needed to promote healthy habits in children and develop effective health education programmes. DESIGN An exploratory randomized controlled trial. METHODS A convenience sample of 30 children (5 and 6 years old) will be recruited from a public school in Spain, with 15 participants in the experimental group and 15 in the control group. Participants in the experimental group will receive the first unit of the programme, consisting of developing emotional knowledge skills around daily health habits (eating, hygiene, sleep and physical exercise) using different game-based dynamics and an emotional diary, while those in the control group will continue with their usual school routine. Outcome measures include emotional knowledge ability, basic social skills and children's health profile. The perceived impact of the intervention by parents, acceptability (by parents and children) and feasibility of the programme will be also assessed. Data will be collected at baseline, postintervention and at 7-month follow-up. DISCUSSION This study offers an innovative intervention aimed at improving children's healthy lifestyles from a holistic perspective by addressing social and emotional competence as one of the most influential aspects of children's development. This exploratory trial is an essential step to explore crucial aspects of the full-scale clinical trial.
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Kirby JN. Compassion interventions: The programmes, the evidence, and implications for research and practice. Psychol Psychother 2017; 90:432-455. [PMID: 27664071 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Over the last 10-15 years, there has been a substantive increase in compassion-based interventions aiming to improve psychological functioning and well-being. METHODS This study provides an overview and synthesis of the currently available compassion-based interventions. What do these programmes looks like, what are their aims, and what is the state of evidence underpinning each of them? RESULTS This overview has found at least eight different compassion-based interventions (e.g., Compassion-Focused Therapy, Mindful Self-Compassion, Cultivating Compassion Training, Cognitively Based Compassion Training), with six having been evaluated in randomized controlled trials, and with a recent meta-analysis finding that compassion-based interventions produce moderate effect sizes for suffering and improved life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Although further research is warranted, the current state of evidence highlights the potential benefits of compassion-based interventions on a range of outcomes that clinicians can use in clinical practice with clients. PRACTITIONER POINTS There are eight established compassion intervention programmes with six having RCT evidence. The most evaluated intervention to date is compassion-focused therapy. Further RCTs are needed in clinical populations for all compassion interventions. Ten recommendations are provided to improve the evidence-base of compassion interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Kirby
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,The Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Trivedi D. Cochrane Review Summary: Family-based programmes for preventing smoking by children and adolescents. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2017; 18:303-4. [PMID: 28294096 DOI: 10.1017/S1463423617000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Steele J, Fisher JP, Assunção AR, Bottaro M, Gentil P. The role of volume-load in strength and absolute endurance adaptations in adolescent's performing high- or low-load resistance training. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 42:193-201. [PMID: 28128973 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study compared high- (HL) and low-load (LL) resistance training (RT) on strength, absolute endurance, volume-load, and their relationships in untrained adolescents. Thirty-three untrained adolescents of both sexes (males, n = 17; females, n = 16; 14 ± 1 years) were randomly assigned into either (i) HL (n = 17): performing 3 sets of 4-6 repetitions to momentary concentric failure; or (ii) LL (n = 16): performing 2 sets of 12-15 repetitions to momentary concentric failure. RT was performed for 2×/week for 9 weeks. Change in maximum strength (1 repetition maximum) and absolute muscular endurance for barbell bench press was assessed. Weekly volume-load was calculated as sets (n) × repetitions (n) × load (kg). Ninety-five percent confidence intervals (CIs) revealed that both groups significantly increased in strength and absolute endurance with large effect sizes (d = 1.51-1.66). There were no between-group differences for change in strength or absolute endurance. Ninety-five percent CIs revealed that both groups significantly increased in weekly volume-load with large effect sizes (HL = 1.66, LL = 1.02). There were no between-group differences for change in volume-load though average weekly volume-load was significantly greater for LL (p < 0.001). Significant Pearson's correlations were found for the HL group between average weekly volume-load and both strength (r = 0.650, p = 0.005) and absolute endurance (r = 0.552, p = 0.022) increases. Strength and absolute endurance increases do not differ between HL and LL conditions in adolescents when performed to momentary concentric failure. Under HL conditions greater weekly volume-load is associated with greater strength and absolute endurance increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Steele
- a School of Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, Hampshire SO14 0YN, UK
| | - James P Fisher
- a School of Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, Hampshire SO14 0YN, UK
| | - Ari R Assunção
- b College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-970, Brazil.,c Integrated Center of Physical Activity, Brasilia, DF 70390-070, Brazil
| | - Martim Bottaro
- b College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- d College of Physical Education, Federal University of Goias, Gôiania, GO 74960-900, Brazil
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Woodland L, Kang M, Elliot C, Perry A, Eagar S, Zwi K. Evaluation of a school screening programme for young people from refugee backgrounds. J Paediatr Child Health 2016; 52:72-9. [PMID: 26416315 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe the development of the Optimising Health and Learning Program, guided by the only available published framework for the delivery of health services to newly arrived refugee children and report on the evaluation of the programme. METHODS We conducted process and impact evaluation using a mixed methods approach. The sample was 294 refugee young people enrolled in two Intensive English Centres in New South Wales. We collected quantitative data (demographic and clinical information) as well as qualitative data via focus groups, key informant interviews, surveys and programme documentation. Qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis; programme documents underwent document review. RESULTS There were high levels of programme participation (90%), and the yield from routine health screening was high (80% of participants screened positive for two or more health conditions). All identified programme development strategies were implemented; programme partners and participants reported satisfaction with the programme. Sixteen programme partners were identified with a high level of intersectoral collaboration reported. Significant in-kind contributions and seed funding enabled the uptake of the programme to increase from one to five Intensive English Centres over a 4-year period. CONCLUSION Process and impact evaluation identified that the programme was well implemented and met its stated objectives of increasing the detection of health conditions likely to impact on student health and learning; linkage of newly arrived students and their families with primary health care; and coordination of care across primary health and specialist services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Woodland
- Multicultural Health Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melissa Kang
- General Practice, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Elliot
- Community Child Health, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Astrid Perry
- Multicultural Health Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandy Eagar
- New South Wales Refugee Health Service, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Zwi
- Community Child Health, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Taylor JA, Phillips R, Cook E, Georgiou L, Stallard P, Sayal K. A qualitative process evaluation of classroom-based cognitive behaviour therapy to reduce adolescent depression. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11:5951-69. [PMID: 24905241 PMCID: PMC4078557 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110605951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Small scale trials indicate that classroom-based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for adolescents has good reach and can help prevent depression. However, under more diverse everyday conditions, such programmes tend not to show such positive effects. This study examined the process of implementing a classroom-based CBT depression prevention programme as part of a large (n = 5,030) randomised controlled trial across eight UK secondary schools which was not found to be effective (PROMISE, ISRCTN19083628). The views of young people (n = 42), teachers (n = 12) and facilitators (n = 16) involved in the Resourceful Adolescent Programme (RAP) were obtained via focus groups and interviews which were thematically analysed. The programme was considered to be well structured and contain useful content, particularly for younger pupils. However, challenges associated with implementation were its age appropriateness for all year groups, its perceived lack of flexibility, the consistency of quality of delivery, the competing demands for teacher time and a culture where academic targets were prioritised over personal, social and health education. Whilst schools are convenient locations for introducing such programmes and allow good reach, the culture around improving well-being of young people in schools, increasing engagement with teachers and young people and sustaining such programmes are issues that need addressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Taylor
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Triumph Road, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK.
| | - Rhiannon Phillips
- Wales School for Primary Care Research, Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 5th Floor, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS, UK.
| | - Ellen Cook
- Department for Health, University of Bath, 22-23 Eastwood, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Lucy Georgiou
- Department for Health, University of Bath, 22-23 Eastwood, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Paul Stallard
- Department for Health, University of Bath, 22-23 Eastwood, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Kapil Sayal
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Triumph Road, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK.
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Suen RPC, Lai SML, Bridges S, Chu CH. Students' satisfaction with a dental summer programme and importance of influencing factors for choosing dentistry as their career. Eur J Dent Educ 2014; 18:104-109. [PMID: 24118664 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the students' satisfaction with the week-long summer programme and the importance of common influencing factors (IFs) for choosing dentistry as their career. METHODS Anonymous questionnaire was given to all 214 participants in July of 2011 and 2012. Demographic information including gender, age and education level was collected. The students were asked about their satisfaction with the programme with separate ratings for learning experiences, including hands-on workshops (HOW); clinic observations (CO); problem-based learning tutorials (PBL); and lectures (L). They also rated the relative importance of the ten common IFs. The Friedman test was used to study the order of their preferences of the programme's activities. The Chi-square test was used to study the influence of their demographic factors on the importance of the IFs. RESULTS A total of 208 students returned their questionnaires. The majority were below the age of 18 (81%), and 44% were studying in an international school. Most of the students (96%) were satisfied with the programme overall. They liked the HOWs and COs more than the PBL tutorials and Ls. 'Altruism' and 'medical/health care career' were the two most important IFs overall. 'Altruism' and 'past experience with dentist' were considered more important by those aged 18 or above. 'Past experience with dentist' and 'working with hands' were considered more important by the international school students. CONCLUSIONS Most participants were satisfied with the summer programme. They preferred practical, skill-based activities to knowledge-based activities. The importance of some IFs was associated with age and education system.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P C Suen
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Stourac T. Wheels, hubs and spokes: incorporating a scorecard into a business continuity programme. J Bus Contin Emer Plan 2014; 7:260-269. [PMID: 24578028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A scorecard can provide much more than periodic measurements; it can actually serve as the 'hub' of a programme. By taking a strategic look at what one is trying to accomplish, using consistent messaging, following a flexible but defined process and creating an actionable report for the senior leadership, a programme can be built that not only gets attention but is also efficient and effective. The scorecard establishes accountability and consistency while creating a brand for a business continuity programme.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the evolution of family planning (FP) in Guinea and to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the current FP programme. METHODS Descriptive study of the evolution of FP in Guinea between 1992 and 2010. First, national laws as well as health policies and strategic plans related to reproductive health and family planning were reviewed. Second, FP indicators were extracted from the Guinean Demographic and Health Surveys (1992, 1999 and 2005). Third, FP services, sources of supply and data on FP funding were analysed. RESULTS Laws, policies and strategic plans in Guinea are supportive of FP programme and services. Public and private actors are not sufficiently coordinated. The general government expenditure on health has remained stable at 6-7% between 2005 and 2011 despite a doubling of total expenditures on health, and contraceptives are supplied by foreign aid. Modern contraceptive prevalence slightly increased from 1.5% in 1992 to 6.8% in 2005 among women aged 15-49. CONCLUSION A stronger national engagement in favour of repositioning FP should result in improved government funding of the FP programme and the promotion of long-acting and permanent methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Delamou
- Centre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maferinyah, Conakry, Guinée
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Sargeant LA, Simmons RK, Barling RS, Butler R, Williams KM, Prevost AT, Kinmonth AL, Wareham NJ, Griffin SJ. Who attends a UK diabetes screening programme? Findings from the ADDITION-Cambridge study. Diabet Med 2010; 27:995-1003. [PMID: 20722672 PMCID: PMC3428846 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03056.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS One of the factors influencing the cost-effectiveness of population screening for Type 2 diabetes may be uptake. We examined attendance and practice- and individual-level factors influencing uptake at each stage of a diabetes screening programme in general practice. METHODS A stepwise screening programme was undertaken among 135, 825 people aged 40-69 years without known diabetes in 49 general practices in East England. The programme included a score based on routinely available data (age, sex, body mass index and prescribed medication) to identify those at high risk, who were offered random capillary blood glucose (RBG) and glycosylated haemoglobin tests. Those screening positive were offered fasting capillary blood glucose (FBG) and confirmatory oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). RESULTS There were 33 539 high-risk individuals invited for a RBG screening test; 24 654 (74%) attended. Ninety-four per cent attended the follow-up FBG test and 82% the diagnostic OGTT. Seventy per cent of individuals completed the screening programme. Practices with higher general practitioner staff complements and those located in more deprived areas had lower uptake for RBG and FBG tests. Male sex and a higher body mass index were associated with lower attendance for RBG testing. Older age, prescription of antihypertensive medication and a higher risk score were associated with higher attendance for FBG and RBG tests. CONCLUSIONS High attendance rates can be achieved by targeted stepwise screening of individuals assessed as high risk by data routinely available in general practice. Different strategies may be required to increase initial attendance, ensure completion of the screening programme, and reduce the risk that screening increases health inequalities.
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Viens C, Leclerc G, Moisan S, Lebeau A. [Assess the impact of the health education program prescription drugs: yes...no...maybe]. Can J Public Health 2007; 98:301-5. [PMID: 17896742 PMCID: PMC6976009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 11/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess the impact of the health education program Les médicaments: Oui ... Non ... Mais! [prescription drugs: yes ... no ... maybe!] on the adoption of self-care behaviours and the proper use of prescription drugs in people aged 55 and older. This assessment is based on the theory of self-efficacy. METHOD Longitudinal study conducted with 563 participants. A pre-test/post-test type quasi-experimental research plan using offset groups with a control group was selected to determine the impact of the program. The data were collected via a questionnaire prior to the intervention, immediately following the intervention and one year later. RESULTS The study revealed that the program improves participants' knowledge regarding certain physiological phenomena and health issues associated with aging. It modifies their attitudes as health care users, enhances their sense of self-efficacy with respect to health behaviours, improves their level of preparation for interviews with the physician and pharmacist, and fosters the adoption of alternative health behaviours to complement or replace prescription drugs: stress management, physical activity, a healthy diet and sleep regimen. CONCLUSION Our study shows the program's short- and long-term impact on the health behaviours of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Viens
- Direction de santé publique de la Montérégie, Agence de la santé et des services sociaux de la Montérégie, 1255, rue Beauregard, Longueuil, Québec J4K 2M3.
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van de Sande PAHF, Curfs YMC, Derks AMTM, Graus JJJ, Maessen JG, Bär FW. Cardiac rehabilitation and the changing cardiac rehabilitation directions in Hoensbroeck rehabilitation centre. Neth Heart J 2002; 10:277-282. [PMID: 25696109 PMCID: PMC2499768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hoensbroeck Rehabilitation Centre has been providing inpatient and outpatient cardiac rehabilitation services since 1980. In these twenty years the patient population has changed considerably. Rehabilitation is currently focussing on the complex and often old patient. The programme that has been developed during this period consists of standard activities that are mainly group oriented. However, certain activities are provided on an individual basis. Based upon this variety of activities, a tailor-made programme can be composed for every individual patient. If the Hoensbroeck programme is compared with the directions given by the Dutch Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation, the main difference is the use of an integrated approach instead of separate modules. In our view, this is a must for complex cardiac rehabilitation.
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Rautiainen E, Tuovinen V, Levonen K. Monitoring antibodies to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in sow colostrum--a tool to document freedom of infection. Acta Vet Scand 2000; 41:213-25. [PMID: 11126571 PMCID: PMC7996419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In a survey in Finland in 1995, 14,919 colostral whey samples from 530 farrowing herds were analysed by a monoclonal blocking-ELISA to detect antibodies to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae). Antibodies were detected in 274 (1.8%) samples and in 42 herds (7.9%). The median prevalence of sows with antibodies in seropositive herds was 28.2% (range, 2.7-100%). According to clinical and pathological follow-up in finishing herds in 1996, all of the farrowing herds which were seronegative in 1995, were truly non-infected with M. hyopneumoniae. In acutely infected herds, samples collected earlier than 2 h after farrowing were 3 times more likely to contain antibodies than samples collected 2-12 h after farrowing (odds ratio, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.4-6.6). Repeated freezing or spoilage of the colostrum samples did not cause biologically relevant problems for the ELISA. Antibodies to M. hyopneumoniae were shown to persist up to 3 years in some sows. As a conclusion, colostrum samples were very sensitive samples for the screening of herds for M. hyopneumoniae infection and possibly also for a regular surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rautiainen
- National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, Regional Laboratory in Seinäjoki, Germany.
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