1
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Wang J, Li M, Li M. Newcastle disease virus LaSota strain induces apoptosis and activates the TNFα/NF-κB pathway in canine mammary carcinoma cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:520-532. [PMID: 37282822 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous canine mammary carcinomas (CMCs) have been widely considered a good research model for human breast cancers, which brings much attention to CMCs. In recent years, the oncolytic effect of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) on cancer cells has been widely studied, but its effect on CMCs is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the oncolytic effect of NDV LaSota strain on canine mammary carcinoma cell line (CMT-U27) in vivo and in vitro. The in vitro cytotoxicity and immunocytochemistry experiments showed that NDV selectively replicated in CMT-U27 cells, and inhibited cell proliferation and migration but not in MDCK cells. KEGG analysis of transcriptome sequencing indicated the importance of the TNFα and NF-κB signalling pathways in the anti-tumour effect of NDV. Subsequently, the significantly increased expression of TNFα, p65, phospho-p65, caspase-8, caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP proteins in the NDV group suggested that NDV induced CMT-U27 cells apoptosis by activating the caspase-8/caspase-3 pathway and the TNFα/NF-κB signalling pathway. Nude mice tumour-bearing experiments showed that NDV could significantly decrease the growth rate of CMC in vivo. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the effective oncolytic effects of NDV on CMT-U27 cells in vivo and in vitro, and suggests NDV as a promising candidate for oncolytic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqing Li
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Ghorbani Alvanegh A, Mirzaei Nodooshan M, Dorostkar R, Ranjbar R, Jalali Kondori B, Shahriary A, Parastouei K, Vazifedust S, Afrasiab E, Esmaeili Gouvarchinghaleh H. Antiproliferative effects of mesenchymal stem cells carrying Newcastle disease virus and Lactobacillus Casei extract on CT26 Cell line: synergistic effects in cancer therapy. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:46. [PMID: 37525229 PMCID: PMC10391864 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a frequent malignancy with a high mortality rate. Specific inherited and environmental influences can affect CRC. Oncolytic viruses and bacteria in treating CRC are one of the innovative therapeutic options. This study aims to determine whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) infected with the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in combination with Lactobacillus casei extract (L. casei) have a synergistic effects on CRC cell line growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSCs taken from the bone marrow of BALB/c mice and were infected with the 20 MOI of NDV. Then, using the CT26 cell line in various groups as a single and combined treatment, the anticancer potential of MSCs containing the NDV and L. casei extract was examined. The evaluations considered the CT26 survival and the rate at which LDH, ROS, and levels of caspases eight and nine were produced following various treatments. RESULTS NDV, MSCs-NDV, and L. casei in alone or combined treatment significantly increased apoptosis percent, LDH, and ROS production compared with the control group (P˂0.05). Also, NDV, in free or capsulated in MSCs, had anticancer effects, but in capsulated form, it had a delay compared with free NDV. The findings proved that L. casei primarily stimulates the extrinsic pathway, while NDV therapy promotes apoptosis through the activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that MSCs carrying oncolytic NDV in combination with L. casei extract as a potentially effective strategy for cancer immunotherapy by promoting the generation of LDH, ROS, and apoptosis in the microenvironment of the CT26 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruhollah Dorostkar
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Jalali Kondori
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahriary
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karim Parastouei
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Vazifedust
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Afrasiab
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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3
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Pathak U, Pal RB, Malik N. The Viral Knock: Ameliorating Cancer Treatment with Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1626. [PMID: 37629483 PMCID: PMC10455894 DOI: 10.3390/life13081626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prospect of cancer treatment has drastically transformed over the last four decades. The side effects caused by the traditional methods of cancer treatment like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy through the years highlight the prospect for a novel, complementary, and alternative cancer therapy. Oncolytic virotherapy is an evolving treatment modality that utilizes oncolytic viruses (OVs) to selectively attack cancer cells by direct lysis and can also elicit a strong anti-cancer immune response. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) provides a very high safety profile compared to other oncolytic viruses. Extensive research worldwide concentrates on experimenting with and better understanding the underlying mechanisms by which oncolytic NDV can be effectively applied to intercept cancer. This review encapsulates the potential of NDV to be explored as an oncolytic agent and discusses current preclinical and clinical research scenarios involving various NDV strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Pathak
- Sir H.N. Medical Research Society, Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai 400004, Maharashtra, India
- Vivekanand Education Society’s College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Chembur, Mumbai 400071, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramprasad B. Pal
- Sir H.N. Medical Research Society, Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai 400004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nagesh Malik
- Vivekanand Education Society’s College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Chembur, Mumbai 400071, Maharashtra, India
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Ortega-Rivera OA, Gallegos-Alcalá P, Jiménez M, Quintanar JL, Torres-Juarez F, Rivas-Santiago B, del Toro-Arreola S, Salinas E. Inhibition of Tumor Growth and Metastasis by Newcastle Disease Virus Strain P05 in a Breast Cancer Mouse Model. J Breast Cancer 2023; 26:186-200. [PMID: 37051644 PMCID: PMC10139849 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2023.26.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Conventional therapies and surgery remain the standard treatment for breast cancer. However, combating the eventual development of metastasis is still a challenge. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is one of the various species of viruses under clinical evaluation as a vector for oncolytic, gene-, and immune-stimulating therapies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of a recombinant NDV (rNDV-P05) in a breast cancer murine model. METHODS Tumors were induced by injecting the cellular suspension (4T1 cell line) subcutaneously. The virus strain P05 was applied three times at intervals of seven days, starting seven days after tumor induction, and was completed 21 days later. Determination of tumor weight, spleen index, and lung metastasis were done after sacrificing the mice. Serum levels of interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CD8+ infiltrated cells were analyzed by immunofluorescence. RESULTS rNDV-P05 showed a route-of-administration-dependent effect, demonstrating that the systemic administration of the virus significantly reduces the tumor mass and volume, spleen index, and abundance of metastatic clonogenic colonies in lung tissue, and increases the inhibition rate of the tumor. The intratumoral administration of rNDV-P05 was ineffective for all the parameters evaluated. Antitumor and antimetastatic capability of rNDV-P05 is mediated, at least partially, through its immune-stimulatory effect on the upregulation of TNF-α, TRAIL, IFN-α, and IFN-γ, and its ability to recruit CD8+ T cells into tumor tissue. CONCLUSION Systemic treatment with rNDV-P05 decreases the tumoral parameters in the breast cancer murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Antonio Ortega-Rivera
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Pamela Gallegos-Alcalá
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Mariela Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - J. Luis Quintanar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Flor Torres-Juarez
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security (IMSS), Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Bruno Rivas-Santiago
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security (IMSS), Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Susana del Toro-Arreola
- Department of Physiology, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Institute of Research in Chronic Degenerative Diseases, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomic, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Eva Salinas
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
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5
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Keshavarz M, Ebrahimzadeh MS, Miri SM, Dianat-Moghadam H, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Mohebbi SR, Keyvani H, Ghaemi A. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus delivered by Mesenchymal stem cells-engineered system enhances the therapeutic effects altering tumor microenvironment. Virol J 2020; 17:64. [PMID: 32370750 PMCID: PMC7201980 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01326-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated malignancy remain a main cause of cancer in men and women. Cancer immunotherapy has represented great potential as a new promising cancer therapeutic approach. Here, we report Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a carrier for the delivery of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) for the treatment of HPV-associated tumor. Methods For this purpose, MSCs obtained from the bone marrow of C57BL mice, then cultured and characterized subsequently by the flow cytometry analysis for the presence of cell surface markers. In this study, we sought out to determine the impacts of MSCs loaded with oncolytic NDV on splenic T cell and cytokine immune responses, caspase-3 and -9 expression, and myeloid and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) by histological and immunohistochemical studies in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Results Our findings proved that MSCs possess both migratory capacity and tumor tropism toward transplanted tumor tissue after peritumoral administration. Tumor therapy experiments indicated that oncolytic NDV delivered by MSCs-engineered system significantly reduces tumor growth, which is associated with the enhancement of E7-specific lymphocyte proliferation, CD8+ T cell cytolysis responses, and splenic IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-12 responses compared with control groups. Moreover, the treatment upregulated the concentration of apoptotic proteins (caspase 9) and increased infiltration of tumor microenvironment with CD11b + myeloid and Gr1 + MDSCs cells. Conclusions Our data suggest MSCs carrying oncolytic NDV as a potentially effective strategy for cancer immunotherapy through inducing splenic Th1 immune responses and apoptosis in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Keshavarz
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.,Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Seyed Reza Mohebbi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Song H, Zhong LP, He J, Huang Y, Zhao YX. Application of Newcastle disease virus in the treatment of colorectal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:2143-2154. [PMID: 31531310 PMCID: PMC6718777 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i16.2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main reasons of tumor-related deaths worldwide. At present, the main treatment is surgery, but the results are unsatisfactory, and the prognosis is poor. The majority of patients die due to liver or lung metastasis or recurrence. In recent years, great progress has been made in the field of tumor gene therapy, providing a new treatment for combating CRC. As oncolytic viruses selectively replicate almost exclusively in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and do not require integration into the host genome, they are safer, more effective and more attractive as oncolytic agents. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a natural RNA oncolytic virus. After NDV selectively infects tumor cells, the immune response induced by NDV’s envelope protein and intracellular factors can effectively kill the tumor without affecting normal cells. Reverse genetic techniques make NDV a vector for gene therapy. Arming the virus by inserting various exogenous genes or using NDV in combination with immunotherapy can also improve the anti-CRC capacity of NDV, and good results have been achieved in animal models and clinical treatment trials. This article reviews the molecular biological characteristics and oncolytic mechanism of NDV and discusses in vitro and in vivo experiments on NDV anti-CRC capacity and clinical treatment. In conclusion, NDV is an excellent candidate for cancer treatment, but more preclinical studies and clinical trials are needed to ensure its safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhong
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian He
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yong Huang
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Zhao
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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7
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Keshavarz M, Nejad ASM, Esghaei M, Bokharaei-Salim F, Dianat-Moghadam H, Keyvani H, Ghaemi A. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus reduces growth of cervical cancer cell by inducing apoptosis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 27:47-52. [PMID: 31889816 PMCID: PMC6933251 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Oncolytic viruses have been regarded as a promising tool for targeted therapy of cancer, accomplishing high efficacy and specificity with this strategy is challenging. Oncolytic virotherapy is one of the novel therapeutic methods recently used for the therapy of human malignancies. Cervical cancer is on the major public health problem and the second most common cause of cancer death among females in less developed countries. The aim of this study was mainly to determine the apoptosis effect of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in TC-1 cell line. In the current study, the oncolytic NDV, vaccine strain LaSota, was used to infect murine TC-1 cells of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated carcinoma which expressing human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) E6/E7 antigens in vitro. The effectiveness of NDV for cervical cancer cell line was investigated by evaluating the antitumor activity of oncolytic NDV and the involved mechanisms. Antitumor activities of oncolytic NDV were assessed by cell proliferation (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release analysis. In addition, molecular changes of early stage of apoptosis and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by flow cytometry and Western Blot in NDV-treated TC-1 cells. The results showed that NDV treatment significantly decreased the viability of a TC-1 cell line and suppressed the growth by inducing apoptotic cell death. In addition, we demonstrated that NDV-induced apoptosis of TC-1 cells is mediated by ROS production. In summary, our findings suggest that oncolytic NDV is a possible therapeutic candidate as a selective antitumor agent for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Keshavarz
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sasan Mozaffari Nejad
- Molecular Research Center, Student Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Esghaei
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farah Bokharaei-Salim
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Dianat-Moghadam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medicine Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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8
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NDV entry into dendritic cells through macropinocytosis and suppression of T lymphocyte proliferation. Virology 2018; 518:126-135. [PMID: 29481983 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes major economic losses in the poultry industry. Previous studies have shown that NDV utilizes different pathways to infect various cells, including dendritic cells (DCs). Here, we demonstrate that NDV gains entry into DCs mainly via macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The detection of cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-12 (IL-12), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) indicates that NDV significantly induces Th1 responses and lowers Th2 responses. Furthermore, NDV entry into DCs resulted in the upregulation of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and cleaved caspase-3 proteins, which in turn activated the extrinsic apoptosis pathway and induced DCs apoptosis. Transwell® co-culture demonstrated that direct contact between live NDV-stimulated DCs and T cells, rather than heated-inactivated NDV, inhibited CD4+ T cell proliferation. Taken together, these findings provide new insights into the mechanism underlying NDV infections, particularly in relation to antigen presentation cells and suppression of T cell proliferation.
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Lundstrom K. New frontiers in oncolytic viruses: optimizing and selecting for virus strains with improved efficacy. Biologics 2018; 12:43-60. [PMID: 29445265 PMCID: PMC5810530 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s140114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses have demonstrated selective replication and killing of tumor cells. Different types of oncolytic viruses – adenoviruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, Newcastle disease viruses, rhabdoviruses, Coxsackie viruses, and vaccinia viruses – have been applied as either naturally occurring or engineered vectors. Numerous studies in animal-tumor models have demonstrated substantial tumor regression and prolonged survival rates. Moreover, clinical trials have confirmed good safety profiles and therapeutic efficacy for oncolytic viruses. Most encouragingly, the first cancer gene-therapy drug – Gendicine, based on oncolytic adenovirus type 5 – was approved in China. Likewise, a second-generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus-based drug for the treatment of melanoma has been registered in the US and Europe as talimogene laherparepvec.
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10
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Ortega-Rivera OA, Quintanar JL, Del Toro-Arreola S, Alpuche-Solis ÁG, Esparza-Araiza MJ, Salinas E. Antitumor and immunostimulatory activities of a genotype V recombinant attenuated veterinary Newcastle disease virus vaccine. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:1246-1254. [PMID: 29399179 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Antitumor conventional treatments including chemo/radiotherapy result in several side effects and non-specificity. Therapies including the use of oncolytic viruses, particularly the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), have emerged as an attractive alternative due to their capacity to kill cancer cells directly or through stimulation of the immune system. In the present study, a commercial vaccine composed of a recombinant attenuated NDV strain P05 (rNDV-P05) was assessed for antitumor and immunostimulatory activity. Firstly, hemagglutination activity was evaluated at different pH and temperature conditions. Then, cancer cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were co-cultured with or without rNDV-P05 and cytoplasmic nucleosomes were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as an apoptosis indicator. Antitumor cytokines produced by PBMC in response to the virus were analyzed by ELISA and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Characterization of rNDV-P05 indicates that the virus is slightly sensible to acid and basic pH, and stable at temperatures no greater than 42°C. The majority of cell lines developed apoptosis in co-culture with rNDV-P05 in a dose-time dependent manner. The highest level of HeLa, HCC1954 and HepG2 cell apoptosis was at 48 h/50 hemagglutination units (HU), and HL-60 was 24 h/50 HU. A549 cell line and PBMC did not show sensitivity to apoptosis by the virus. PBMC from healthy donors stimulated with the rNDV-P05 increased significantly the levels of interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and soluble TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in culture supernatants, as well as their mRNA expression. These results demonstrate that the pro-apoptotic effect of rNDV-P05 and its magnitude is specific to particular tumor cell lines and is not induced on PBMC; and the virus stimulates the expression of several key antitumor cytokines. This study promotes the use of rNDV-P05 in an alternate application of different viral strains during virotherapy with NDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Antonio Ortega-Rivera
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20131, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - J Luis Quintanar
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20131, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Susana Del Toro-Arreola
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Physiology, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ángel G Alpuche-Solis
- Division of Molecular Biology, Potosinian Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, San Luis Potosí 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Mayra J Esparza-Araiza
- Division of Molecular Biology, Potosinian Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, San Luis Potosí 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Eva Salinas
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20131, Aguascalientes, Mexico
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Abstract
Gene therapy based on viral vectors has demonstrated steady progress recently, not only in the area of cancers. A multitude of viral vectors has been engineered for both preventive and therapeutic applications. Two main approaches comprise of viral vector-based delivery of toxic or anticancer genes or immunization with anticancer antigens. Tumor growth inhibition and tumor regression have been observed, providing improved survival rates in animal tumor models. Furthermore, vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated both tumor regression and protection against challenges with lethal doses of tumor cells. Several clinical trials with viral vectors have also been conducted. Additionally, viral vector-based cancer drugs have been approved. This review gives an overview of different viral vector systems and their applications in cancer gene therapy.
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Evaluation of the oncolytic potential of R 2B Mukteshwar vaccine strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in a colon cancer cell line (SW-620). Arch Virol 2017; 162:2705-2713. [PMID: 28578522 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Virotherapy is emerging as an alternative treatment of cancer. Among the candidate oncolytic viruses (OVs), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has emerged as a promising non-engineered OV. In the present communication, we explored the oncolytic potential of R2B Mukteshwar strain of NDV using SW-620 colon cancer cells. SW-620 cells were xenografted in nude mice and after evaluation of the safety profile, 1 x 107 plaque forming units (PFU) of NDV were inoculated as virotherapeutic agent via the intratumoral (I/T) and intravenous (I/V) route. Tumor growth inhibition was compared with their respective control groups by gross volume and histopathological evaluation. Antibody titer and virus survival were measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HI)/serum neutralization test (SNT) and real-time PCR, respectively. During the safety trial, the test strain did not produce any abnormal symptoms nor weight loss in BALB/c mice. Significant tumor lytic activity was evident when viruses were injected via the I/T route. There was a 43 and 57% tumor growth inhibition on absolute and relative tumor volume basis, respectively, compared with mock control. On the same basis, the I/V route treatment resulted in 40 and 16% of inhibition, respectively. Histopathological examination revealed that the virus caused apoptosis, followed by necrosis, but immune cell infiltration was not remarkable. The virus survived in 2/2 mice until day 10 and in 3/6 mice by day 19, with both routes of administration. Anti-NDV antibodies were generated at moderate level and the titer reached a maximum of 1:32 and 1:64 via the I/T and I/V routes, respectively. In conclusion, the test NDV strain was found to be safe and showed oncolytic activity against the SW-620 cell line in mice.
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Nistal-Villan E, Poutou J, Rodríguez-Garcia E, Buñuales M, Carte-Abad B, Prieto J, Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza G, Hernandez-Alcoceba R, Larrea E. A Versatile Vector for In Vivo Monitoring of Type I Interferon Induction and Signaling. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152031. [PMID: 27007218 PMCID: PMC4805199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of reporter systems for in vivo examination of IFN-β induction or signaling of type I interferon (IFN-I) pathways is of great interest in order to characterize biological responses to different inducers such as viral infections. Several reporter mice have been developed to monitor the induction of both pathways in response to different agonists. However, alternative strategies that do not require transgenic mice breeding have to date not been reported. In addition, detection of these pathways in vivo in animal species other than mice has not yet been addressed. Herein we describe a simple method based on the use of an adeno-associated viral vector (AAV8-3xIRF-ISRE-Luc) containing an IFN-β induction and signaling-sensitive promoter sequence controlling the expression of the reporter gene luciferase. This vector is valid for monitoring IFN-I responses in vivo elicited by diverse stimuli in different organs. Intravenous administration of the vector in C57BL/6 mice and Syrian hamsters was able to detect activation of the IFN pathway in the liver upon systemic treatment with different pro-inflammatory agents and infection with Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In addition, intranasal instillation of AAV8-3xIRF-ISRE-Luc showed a rapid and transient IFN-I response in the respiratory tract of mice infected with the influenza A/PR8/34 virus lacking the NS1 protein. In comparison, this response was delayed and exacerbated in mice infected with influenza A/PR/8 wild type virus. In conclusion, the AAV8-3xIRF-ISRE-Luc vector offers the possibility of detecting IFN-I activation in response to different stimuli and in different animal models with no need for reporter transgenic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estanislao Nistal-Villan
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joanna Poutou
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Estefania Rodríguez-Garcia
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Buñuales
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Carte-Abad
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesus Prieto
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gloria Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruben Hernandez-Alcoceba
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail: (EL); (RHA)
| | - Esther Larrea
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail: (EL); (RHA)
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TAKAHASHI T, KUREBAYASHI Y, OTSUBO T, IKEDA K, MINAMI A, SUZUKI T. Fluorescence Imaging of Virus-infected Cells with a Sialidase Imaging Probe. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2016. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.65.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadanobu TAKAHASHI
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Yuuki KUREBAYASHI
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Tadamune OTSUBO
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
| | - Kiyoshi IKEDA
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
| | - Akira MINAMI
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Takashi SUZUKI
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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15
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Schirrmacher V. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus as a prospective anti-cancer therapy. A biologic agent with potential to break therapy resistance. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015; 15:1757-71. [PMID: 26436571 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1088000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively replicate in tumor cells and cause cancer cell death. Most OVs in clinical studies are genetically engineered. In contrast, the avian Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a naturally oncolytic RNA virus. While anti-viral immunity is considered a major problem in achieving maximal tumor cell killing by OVs, this review discusses the importance of NDV immunogenic cell death (ICD) and how anti-viral immune responses can be integrated to induce maximal post-oncolytic T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. Since replication of NDV is independent of host cell DNA replication (which is the target of many cytostatic drugs and radiotherapy) and because of other findings, oncolytic NDV is a candidate agent to break therapy resistance of tumor cells. AREAS COVERED Properties of this avian paramyxovirus are summarized with special emphasis to its anti-neoplastic and immune-stimulatory properties. The review then discusses prospective anti-cancer therapies, including treatments with NDV alone, and combinations with an autologous NDV-modified tumor cell vaccine or with a viral oncolysate pulsed dendritic cell vaccine. Various combinatorial approaches between these and with other modalities are also reviewed. EXPERT OPINION Post-oncolytic anti-tumor immunity based on ICD is in the expert's opinion of greater importance for long-term therapeutic effects than maximal tumor cell killing. Of the various combinatorial approaches discussed, the most promising and feasible for clinical practice appears to be the combination of systemic NDV pre-treatment with anti-tumor vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Schirrmacher
- a Immunological and Oncological Center (IOZK), Tumor Immunology , Hohenstaufenring 30-32, D-50674 Köln, Cologne, Germany
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16
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Zhang CX, Ye LW, Liu Y, Xu XY, Li DR, Yang YQ, Sun LL, Yuan J. Antineoplastic activity of Newcastle disease virus strain D90 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7121-31. [PMID: 25877754 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3433-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, possesses the ability to kill tumor cells. Here, we report the effects of NDV strain D90, which was isolated in China, against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. In this study, we showed that the cell death induced by D90 was apoptotic. Furthermore, the apoptosis induced by D90 was dependent on the mitochondrial pathway, and the death receptor pathway may be not involved. Bax and Bcl-2 also played a role in the apoptosis induced by D90. Lymph node metastasis is a serious problem for oral cancer; we therefore evaluated the impact of D90 on the migration and invasion of OSCC cells. NDV D90 affected microtubules and microfilaments to inhibit the motility of OSCC prior to apoptosis. The effects of D90 on the migration and invasion rates of OSCC cells were evaluated by migration and invasion assays. Subsequently, the changes in sp1, RECK, MMP-2, and MMP-9 induced by a low concentration of D90 were detected by western blot and gelatin zymography. D90 significantly inhibited the invasion and metastasis of OSCC cells by decreasing the expression of sp1 and increasing the expression of RECK to suppress the expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Long-Wei Ye
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Xu
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dan-Rui Li
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Qing Yang
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lu-Lu Sun
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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17
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Singh PK, Tiwari AK, Rajmani RS, Kumar GR, Chaturvedi U, Saxena L, Saxena S, Doley J, Sahoo AP, Santra L, Saxena M, Kumar S, Sharma B. Apoptin as a potential viral gene oncotherapeutic agent. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:196-212. [PMID: 25809990 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of viruses for treatment of cancer overcomes the bottlenecks of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Several viruses and their proteins have been evaluated for oncolytic effect. The VP3 protein (apoptin) of chicken anemia virus is one such protein with an inherent ability to lyse cancer and transformed cells while leaving normal cells unharmed. In the present study, the apoptosis inducing potential of VP3 protein of CAV was evaluated in human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). It was found that in VP3-induced apoptosis, caspase-dependent intrinsic pathway plays an important role with the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and there was no evidence of involvement of death receptor-mediated extrinsic pathway. The results of this study provide intuitive information and strengthen the candidacy of apoptin as a viral oncotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafull Kumar Singh
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India
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18
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Tayeb S, Zakay-Rones Z, Panet A. Therapeutic potential of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus: a critical review. Oncolytic Virother 2015; 4:49-62. [PMID: 27512670 PMCID: PMC4918379 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s78600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) features a natural preference for replication in many tumor cells compared with normal cells. The observed antitumor effect of NDV appears to be a result of both selective killing of tumor cells and induction of immune responses. Genetic manipulations to change viral tropism and arming the virus with genes encoding for cytokines improved the oncolytic capacity of NDV. Several intracellular proteins in tumor cells, including antiapoptotic proteins (Livin) and oncogenic proteins (H-Ras), are relevant for the oncolytic activity of NDV. Defects in the interferon system, found in some tumor cells, also contribute to the oncolytic selectivity of NDV. Notwithstanding, NDV displays effective oncolytic activity in many tumor types, despite having intact interferon signaling. Taken together, several cellular systems appear to dictate the selective oncolytic activity of NDV. Some barriers, such as neutralizing antibodies elicited during NDV treatment and the extracellular matrix in tumor tissue appear to interfere with spread of NDV and reduce oncolysis. To further understand the oncolytic activity of NDV, we compared two NDV strains, ie, an attenuated virus (NDV-HUJ) and a pathogenic virus (NDV-MTH-68/H). Significant differences in amino acid sequence were noted in several viral proteins, including the fusion precursor (F0) glycoprotein, an important determinant of replication and pathogenicity. However, no difference in the oncolytic activity of the two strains was noted using human tumor tissues maintained as organ cultures or in mouse tumor models. To optimize virotherapy in clinical trials, we describe here a unique organ culture methodology, using a biopsy taken from a patient’s tumor before treatment for ex vivo infection with NDV to determine the oncolytic potential on an individual basis. In conclusion, oncolytic NDV is an excellent candidate for cancer therapy, but more knowledge is needed to ensure success in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Tayeb
- Department of Biotechnology, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Chanock Center for Virology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zichria Zakay-Rones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Chanock Center for Virology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amos Panet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Chanock Center for Virology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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19
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Shi LY, Han Z, Li XX, Li M, Han H, Chen J, Zang S. Inactivated Sendai virus strain Tianjin induces apoptosis in breast cancer MCF-7 cells by promoting caspase activation and Fas/FasL expression. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2014; 30:33-40. [PMID: 25517620 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2014.1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Virotherapy represents a promising new approach for treating cancer. Here the authors have analyzed the effect of ultraviolet-inactivated Sendai virus strain Tianjin (UV-Tianjin) on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, UV-Tianjin inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T47D breast cancer cell lines, although MCF-7 cells were most susceptible to UV-Tianjin treatment. Hoechst staining and flow cytometric analysis of UV-Tianjin-treated MCF-7 cells revealed that UV-Tianjin induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, UV-Tianjin treatment resulted in reductions in the mitochondria membrane potential of MCF-7 cells and regulated the levels and activities of Bcl-2, Bax, cyt c, caspases, Fas, and Fas ligand (FasL). In vivo, UV-Tianjin inhibited the growth of MCF-7 tumors in nude mice and increased tumor cell apoptosis compared with saline-treated controls. In addition, the percentage of tumor cells positive for cleaved versions of caspase-7, caspase-8, and caspase-9 was higher in UV-Tianjin-treated tumors than in saline-treated controls. In summary, UV-Tianjin exhibited the antitumor activity in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells both in vitro and in vivo. The UV-Tianjin treatment seemed to induce apoptosis by activating both the mitochondrial and death receptor apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Shi
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
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20
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Rajmani RS, Singh PK, Ravi Kumar G, Saxena S, Singh LV, Kumar R, Sahoo AP, Gupta SK, Chaturvedi U, Tiwari AK. In-vitroCharacterization and Evaluation of Apoptotic Potential of Bicistronic Plasmid Encoding HN Gene of Newcastle Disease Virus and Human TNF-α. Anim Biotechnol 2014; 26:112-9. [DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2014.933741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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21
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Buijs PRA, van Amerongen G, van Nieuwkoop S, Bestebroer TM, van Run PRWA, Kuiken T, Fouchier RAM, van Eijck CHJ, van den Hoogen BG. Intravenously injected Newcastle disease virus in non-human primates is safe to use for oncolytic virotherapy. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:463-71. [PMID: 25257305 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an avian paramyxovirus with oncolytic potential. Detailed preclinical information regarding the safety of oncolytic NDV is scarce. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity, biodistribution and shedding of intravenously injected oncolytic NDVs in non-human primates (Macaca fascicularis). Two animals were injected with escalating doses of a non-recombinant vaccine strain, a recombinant lentogenic strain or a recombinant mesogenic strain. To study transmission, naive animals were co-housed with the injected animals. Injection with NDV did not lead to severe illness in the animals or abnormalities in hematologic or biochemistry measurements. Injected animals shed low amounts of virus, but this did not lead to seroconversion of the contact animals. Postmortem evaluation demonstrated no pathological changes or evidence of virus replication. This study demonstrates that NDV generated in embryonated chicken eggs is safe for intravenous administration to non-human primates. In addition, our study confirmed results from a previous report that naïve primate and human sera are able to neutralize egg-generated NDV. We discuss the implications of these results for our study and the use of NDV for virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R A Buijs
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - S van Nieuwkoop
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T M Bestebroer
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P R W A van Run
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Kuiken
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R A M Fouchier
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C H J van Eijck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Takahashi T, Takano M, Agarikuchi T, Kurebayashi Y, Minami A, Otsubo T, Ikeda K, Suzuki T. A novel method for detection of Newcastle disease virus with a fluorescent sialidase substrate. J Virol Methods 2014; 209:136-42. [PMID: 25241143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), belonging to the family Paramixoviridae, causes respiratory and neuronal symptoms in almost all birds. NDV has haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein possessing sialidase activity. HN glycoprotein is highly expressed on the surface of NDV-infected cells, resulting in much higher sialidase activity in NDV-infected cells than in non-infected cells. It was reported that mouse and human cancer cells up-regulating sialidase expression were histochemically stained with a fluorescent sialidase substrate, 2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-bromophenyl 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-α-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid (BTP3-Neu5Ac), which deposits water-insoluble fluorescent compound BTP3 on locations of sialidase activity. By using the BTP3-Neu5Ac assay, we showed that NDV-infected cells and HN gene-expressing cells could be simply detected at room temperature after only 5min. Infection of the cells with the virus resulted in apparent green fluorescence, which disappeared with addition of a sialidase inhibitor. Cells that were stained in the BTP3-Neu5Ac assay were immunostained with an anti-NDV antibody. Moreover, BTP3-Neu5Ac staining was applied to a virus overlay binding assay with NDV particles. NDV-bound protein bands on guinea pig red blood cells were easily and rapidly detected by the BTP3-Neu5Ac assay after Western blotting. BTP3-Neu5Ac offers an easy and rapid protocol for fluorescent staining of NDV and virus-infected cells without antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadanobu Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan
| | - Maiko Takano
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan
| | - Takashi Agarikuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan
| | - Yuuki Kurebayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan
| | - Akira Minami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan
| | - Tadamune Otsubo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure-shi, Hiroshima 7370112, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ikeda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure-shi, Hiroshima 7370112, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan.
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23
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Singh LV, Saxena S, Gupta S, Gupta SK, Ravi Kumar G, Desai GS, Sahoo AP, Harish DR, Tiwari AK. Evaluation and comparison of the constitutive expression levels of Toll-like receptors 2, 3 and 7 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Tharparkar and crossbred cattle. Vet World 2014. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.209-212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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24
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Different responses of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines to oncolytic Newcastle disease virus infection. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:24-30. [PMID: 24384773 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2013.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a naturally occurring oncolytic virus with clinically proven efficacy against several human tumor types. Selective replication in and killing of tumor cells by NDV is thought to occur because of differences in innate immune responses between normal and tumor cells. In our effort to develop oncolytic virotherapy with NDV for patients with pancreatic cancer, we evaluated the responses to NDV infection and interferon (IFN) treatment of 11 different established human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines (HPACs). Here we show that all HPACs were susceptible to NDV. However, this NDV infection resulted in different replication kinetics and cytotoxic effects. Better replication resulted in more cytotoxicity. No correlation was observed between defects in the IFN pathways and NDV replication or NDV-induced cytotoxicity. IFN production by HPACs after NDV infection differed substantially. Pretreatment of HPACs with IFN resulted in diminished NDV replication and decreased the cytotoxic effects in most HPACs. These findings suggest that not all HPACs have functional defects in the innate immune pathways, possibly resulting in resistance to oncolytic virus treatment. These data support the rationale for designing recombinant oncolytic NDVs with optimized virulence that should likely contain an antagonist of the IFN pathways.
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25
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Doley J, Singh LV, Kumar GR, Sahoo AP, Saxena L, Chaturvedi U, Saxena S, Kumar R, Singh PK, Rajmani RS, Santra L, Palia SK, Tiwari S, Harish DR, Kumar A, Desai GS, Gupta S, Gupta SK, Tiwari AK. Canine parvovirus type 2a (CPV-2a)-induced apoptosis in MDCK involves both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:497-508. [PMID: 24092455 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) causes an acute disease in dogs. It has been found to induce cell cycle arrest and DNA damage leading to cellular lysis. In this paper, we evaluated the apoptotic potential of the "new CPV-2a" in MDCK cells and elucidated the mechanism of the induction of apoptosis. The exposure of MDCK cells to the virus was found to trigger apoptotic response. Apoptosis was confirmed by phosphatidylserine translocation, DNA fragmentation assays, and cell cycle analysis. Activation of caspases-3, -8, -9, and -12 and decrease in mitochondrial potential in CPV-2a-infected MDCK cells suggested that the CPV-2a-induced apoptosis is caspase dependent involving extrinsic, intrinsic, and endoplasmic reticulum pathways. Increase in p53 and Bax/Bcl2 ratio was also observed in CPV-2a-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwar Doley
- Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
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26
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Shi L, Chen J, Zhong Q, Li M, Geng P, He J, Han Z, Sheng M, Tang H. Inactivated Sendai virus strain Tianjin, a novel genotype of Sendai virus, inhibits growth of murine colon carcinoma through inducing immune responses and apoptosis. J Transl Med 2013; 11:205. [PMID: 24007528 PMCID: PMC3844535 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet-inactivated, replication-defective Sendai virus particles (Z strain) have displayed antitumor effect through enhancing the immune responses or inducing apoptosis in a variety of carcinomas. Sendai virus strain Tianjin was isolated from the lungs of marmoset and proved to be a novel genotype of Sendai virus. In this study, we explored the antitumor effect and its mechanism of ultraviolet-inactivated, replication-defective Sendai virus strain Tianjin (UV-Tianjin) in mice bearing CT26 colon carcinoma. METHODS Three injections of UV-Tianjin were delivered into CT26 tumors growing on the back of BALB/c mice. Tumor size was measured in a blinded manner and survival rate of mice was calculated. In order to make clear antitumor mechanism of UV-Tianjin, the maturation and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release from murine myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) was examined by flow cytometry or ELISA assay after induced by UV-Tianjin and compared with those of live virus. Moreover, real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry was performed to identify whether UV-Tianjin could induce infiltration of DCs, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells into tumors. The TUNEL assay was done to observe the apoptosis of CT26 tumor cells after UV-Tianjin injection. RESULTS In animal model, UV-Tianjin could obviously inhibit the growth of CT26 tumors and prolong the survival of the tumor-bearing mice compared with control group (P < 0.01). In vitro murine DCs stimulated by UV-Tianjin underwent dose-dependent maturation, similar to that elicited by live virus. And the secretion amount of IL-6 from DCs induced by UV-Tianjin was a little lower than that released in the presence of live virus. Real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry revealed that UV-Tianjin induced a remarkable infiltration of DCs, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells into tumors. The TUNEL assay showed that the apoptosis index of tumor tissues injected with UV-Tianjin was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results have demonstrated that UV-Tianjin alone could inhibit the growth of CT26 tumor in mice through enhancing host antitumor immunity and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. Therefore, UV-Tianjin shows its prospect as a novel drug for carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Shi
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Fournier P, Schirrmacher V. Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus as Cutting Edge between Tumor and Host. BIOLOGY 2013; 2:936-75. [PMID: 24833054 PMCID: PMC3960873 DOI: 10.3390/biology2030936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) replicate selectively in tumor cells and exert anti-tumor cytotoxic activity. Among them, Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), a bird RNA virus of the paramyxovirus family, appears outstanding. Its anti-tumor effect is based on: (i) oncolytic activity and (ii) immunostimulation. Together these activities facilitate the induction of post-oncolytic adaptive immunity. We will present milestones during the last 60 years of clinical evaluation of this virus. Two main strategies of clinical application were followed using the virus (i) as a virotherapeutic agent, which is applied systemically or (ii) as an immunostimulatory agent combined with tumor cells for vaccination of cancer patients. More recently, a third strategy evolved. It combines the strategies (i) and (ii) and includes also dendritic cells (DCs). The first step involves systemic application of NDV to condition the patient. The second step involves intradermal application of a special DC vaccine pulsed with viral oncolysate. This strategy, called NDV/DC, combines anti-cancer activity (oncolytic virotherapy) and immune-stimulatory properties (oncolytic immunotherapy) with the high potential of DCs (DC therapy) to prime naive T cells. The aim of such treatment is to first prepare the cancer-bearing host for immunocompetence and then to instruct the patient's immune system with information about tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) of its own tumor together with danger signals derived from virus infection. This multimodal concept should optimize the generation of strong polyclonal T cell reactivity targeted against the patient's TAAs and lead to the establishment of a long-lasting memory T cell repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Fournier
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Volker Schirrmacher
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Ghrici M, El Zowalaty M, Omar AR, Ideris A. Induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of Newcastle disease virus Malaysian strain AF2240. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:1035-44. [PMID: 23807159 PMCID: PMC3783058 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) exerts its naturally occurring oncolysis possibly through the induction of apoptosis. We hypothesized that the binding of the virus to the cell via the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein may be sufficient to not only induce apoptosis but to induce a higher apoptosis level than the parental NDV AF2240 virus. NDV AF2240 induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells was analyzed and quantified. In addition, the complete HN gene of NDV strain AF2240 was amplified, sequenced and cloned into the pDisplay eukaryotic expression vector. HN gene expression was first detected at the cell surface membrane of the transfected MCF-7 cells. HN induction of apoptosis in transfected MCF-7 cells was analyzed and quantified. The expression of the HN gene alone was able to induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells but it was a less potent apoptosis inducer compared to the parental NDV AF2240 strain. In conclusion, the NDV AF2240 strain is a more suitable antitumor candidate agent than its recombinant HN gene unless the latter is further improved by additional modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ghrici
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Saxena L, Kumar GR, Saxena S, Chaturvedi U, Sahoo AP, Singh LV, Santra L, Palia SK, Desai GS, Tiwari AK. Apoptosis induced by NS1 gene of Canine Parvovirus-2 is caspase dependent and p53 independent. Virus Res 2013; 173:426-30. [PMID: 23416147 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is programmed cell death that normally occurs during development and aging in multicellular animals. Apoptosis also occurs as a defense mechanism against disease or harmful external agents. It can be initiated by a variety of stimuli including viruses and viral proteins. Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) that causes acute disease in dogs has been found to induce cell cycle arrest and DNA damage leading to cellular lysis. Though non structural protein 1 (NS1) of many parvoviruses has been found to be apoptotic, no report on the apoptotic potential of NS1 of CPV-2 (CPV-2.NS1) exists. In this study, we evaluated the apoptotic potential of CPV-2.NS1 in HeLa cells. CPV-2.NS1 has been found to induce apoptosis which was evident through characteristic DNA fragmentation, increase in hypodiploid cell count, phosphatidyl serine translocation and activation of caspase-3. Increase in caspase-3 activity and no change in p53 activity with time in CPV-2.NS1 expressing HeLa cells showed the induction of apoptosis to be caspase dependent and p53 independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovleen Saxena
- Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
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