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Liu G, Shen X. Study on Soil Selenium-Induced Copper Deficiency in Yudong Black Goats. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1481. [PMID: 38791698 PMCID: PMC11117381 DOI: 10.3390/ani14101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the degradation of pasture and strict restrictions on grazing ranges in recent years, copper (Cu) deficiency in Yudong black goats has been occurring, mainly manifested as emaciation, anemia, loss of appetite and lack of spirit. To explore the main causes of Cu deficiency in Yudong black goats, 40 black goats (1 year old, 25.11 ± 0.52 kg) were selected for this experiment; among them, 20 Yudong black goats with Cu deficiency from the experimental pasture were used as the experimental group, and 20 healthy Yudong black goats from the control pasture were used as the control group. In the pre-experiment, the mineral contents of the soil, forage, blood, and liver of black goats in both groups were determined, and in formal experiments, blood hematological, biochemical, antioxidant, and hemorheological parameters were analyzed. An experiment on the treatment of Cu deficiency in black goats was also conducted. This study showed that selenium (Se) levels in the soil, forage, blood, and liver from the experimental group were significantly lower than those from the control group (p < 0.01). The content of sulfur (S) in the forage was considerably higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The contents of Cu in the blood and liver from the experimental group were significantly lower than that from the control group (p < 0.01), and the content of S was considerably higher than that from the control group (p < 0.01). The blood hematology of the experimental group was affected, as evidenced by a decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit value, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. The immunity and antioxidant capacity of black goats in the experiment group were impaired to varying degrees, with significant decreases in ceruloplasmin, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, and substantial increases in malondialdehyde. In addition, the experimental group showed a decrease in blood viscosity as evidenced by the rise in high shear viscosity, low shear viscosity, erythrocyte rigidity index, erythrocyte aggregation index, and erythrocyte deformation index, and a decrease in plasma viscosity. In the treatment experiment, oral administration of copper sulfate solution was carried out on 10 black goats with Cu deficiency. All the Cu deficiency goats were cured, and the Cu content in their bodies rebounded. In summary, low Se soil caused an increase in S content in the forage, and Yudong black goats feeding on high S forage resulted in a decrease in Cu absorption, which led to a secondary Cu deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
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Li Y, Zhou P, Shen X, Zhao K. Molybdenum fertilizer improved antioxidant capacity of Chinese Merino sheep under compound contamination. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1717-1725. [PMID: 35507136 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the response of different levels of molybdenum (Mo) fertilizer to Chinese Merino sheep (Junken Type) grazing on natural heavy metal-contaminated meadows, this study was carried out in the Bayanbulak Grassland lying in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. A total of 24-hm2 polluted meadows were fenced and were randomly divided into four groups (3 replication/group and 2 hm2/replication) applied 0-kg Mo, 1-kg Mo, 2-kg Mo, and 3-kg Mo (ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate) per hectare for the CON group, group I, group II, and group III, respectively. Seventy-two healthy 1-year-old Chinese Merino sheep (45.56 ± 2.35 kg) were randomly assigned to the tested pastures for 90 days. Compared with the CON group, the Mo content from fertilized groups and the Se content from group II and group III in serums and livers were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the Cu content from fertilized groups in serums and livers was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The levels of blood Hb and RBC, and the activities of serum SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and Cp in group III, were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in the CON group, group I, and group II. Serum MDA content in group III was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that in the other three groups. In summary, Mo fertilization improved the antioxidant capacity of grazing sheep and also reduced the toxic damage to Chinese Merino sheep grazing on natural grasslands contaminated by heavy metals, but Mo poisoning caused by excessive fertilization should be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, China.
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Zhao K, Shen X, Zhou P, Wu J. Effects of Nano-Cu 2O on the Productivity in the Cu-Stripped Chinese Merino Sheep. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1181-1187. [PMID: 35508887 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This research is to study the effects of nano-Cu2O on blood parameters, growth performance, and wool yield in the Cu-stripped ranches, and provide reference for further study on prevention and treatment in Cu-deficient Chinese Merino sheep. We selected twenty Chinese Merino sheep from Cu-deficient and normal ranch, respectively. The results have shown that the Cu content in the soils, forages, blood, and wool from Cu-deficient ranches was significantly lower than those from normal ranches (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the contents of other elements. Treatment experiments of nano-Cu2O were carried out for 50 days. We found that the Cu content in the blood was increased continuously in the sheep after adding nano-Cu2O, and reached the highest level at 40 days. The levels of Hb, RBC, PCV, MCV, and MCH in the nano-Cu2O-fed animals were remarkably higher than those in the control animals (P < 0.01). The daily gain and wool yield in the nano-Cu2O-fed animals were also significantly higher than those in the control sheep (P < 0.01). Therefore, adding nano-Cu2O not only remarkably increases the Cu content in the blood, but also greatly improves the daily gain and wool yield in Cu-deficient animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Guizhou Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550005, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiahai Wu
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Guizhou Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550005, China.
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Liu Y, Yang F, Liu X, Ye L, Guo J. Mineral characteristics of viscera of Hulunbuir grassland short-tailed sheep from Inner Mongolia, China. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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5
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Shen X, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Ping Z, Wu J. Effect of Foliage Dressing in Nano-Potassium Molybdate on Daily Gain and Antioxidant Function in Grazing the Chinese Merino Sheep. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:5064-5072. [PMID: 35001342 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The study was implemented for exploring influences of nano-K2MoO4 on the daily gain and antioxidant function of Chinese merino sheep in the native pasture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest of China. Eighty of the sheep, weight of (45.56 ± 2.35) kg, were randomly distributed to the tested areas for 90 days, 20 sheep/group. The findings showed that the contents of Mo and N in the forage of applying nano-K2MoO4 were extremely higher than those in the control pastures (P <0.01). The daily gain in the fertilized groups were remarkably lower than that in the control group (P <0.01). The harvest of forage in the fertilized pastures were significantly higher than those in control (P <0.01). The contents of Mo in blood and liver in grazing the Chinese merino sheep were extremely higher than those from the control group (P <0.01). The contents of Cu in blood and liver in grazing the Chinese merino sheep were extremely lower than those in the unfertilized pastures (P <0.01). The levels of hemoglobin (Hb), blood platelet (PLT), and erythrocyte count (RBC) in animals from the fertilized pastures were extremely lower than those in the control pastures (P < 0.01). The activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT in serum were significantly lower than those in group C. The serum MDA levels were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the application of nano-K2MoO4 in pastures can greatly improve the yield of forage, but strikingly decreased the daily gain and antioxidant function in grazing the Chinese merino sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guiyang, China
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - QiongLian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhou Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiahai Wu
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guiyang, China.
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Shen X, Zhao K, Mo B. Effects of Molybdenosis on Antioxidant Capacity in Endangered Przewalski's Gazelles in the Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve in the Northwestern China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03470-6. [PMID: 36348175 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of molybdenosis on antioxidant capacity in endangered Przewalski's gazelles (Procapra przewalskii) in the animal rescue center in the Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve in Northwestern China. Ten P. przewalskii in molybdenosis were selected and treated orally with copper sulfate (CuSO4) at a dose of 20 g/animal/5 days for 20 days. Ten healthy P. przewalskii were also selected and allocated to healthy pastures for 20 days. Samples of soil, forage, and animal tissue were collected. The values of mineral and hematological parameters were measured. Results showed levels of molybdenum (Mo) in soil and forage were significantly higher than those in healthy ranches (P < 0.01). The Mo content of blood and hair in gazelles from the rescue center was also significantly higher than those in the healthy ranches animals (P < 0.01). The copper (Cu) contents in blood and hair from the rescue center were significantly lower than those from the healthy pasture (P < 0.01). Hemoglobin (Hb) and red cell volume (PCV) in the gazelles from the animal rescue center were significantly lower than those from animals in healthy ranches (P < 0.01). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), phosphocreatine kinase (CPK), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly higher than those from gazelles in healthy ranches (P < 0.01). The antioxidant capacity in gazelles from the animal rescue center was significantly lower than that of gazelles in healthy ranches. Supplementing CuSO4 significantly decreased the Mo content of blood and cured molybdenosis in gazelles. In summary, the Mo content of soil and forage was very excessive for gazelles in the animal rescue center. The antioxidant capacity of P. przewalskii has been seriously affected by molybdenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
- The Project Center, Guizhou Rural Revitalization Bureau, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Bentian Mo
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Guizhou Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550005, China.
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7
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Zhang Q, Han Y, Yang Y, Zhou P, Shen X. Effects of the Seleno-Chitosan on Daily Gain, Wool Yield, and Blood Parameter in the Chinese Merino Sheep. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4704-4711. [PMID: 35031962 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03049-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
To study the effects of the seleno-chitosan on daily gain, wool yield, and blood parameters in the Chinese merino sheep in the selenium (Se)-deficient pastures. The samples of soils, forages, and tissues had been collected in the Southern Xinjiang of Northwest China. Our findings indicated that the Se contents in soils and forages from affected pastures were remarkably lower than those unaffected by the pastures (P < 0.01). The Se contents in the blood and the wool from affected Chinese merino sheep were extremely lower than those from healthy sheep. Meanwhile, the values of Hb, PCV, and PLT in affected sheep were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The yield of wool and the growth rate in affected sheep were also remarkably reduced (P < 0.01). The affected Chinese merino sheep were orally treated by seleno-chitosan for 150 days; the Se contents in blood were remarkably increased and reached the healthy range on day 5. The blood parameters soon recovered to a healthy range on day 10. The growth rate of sheep in the treated group was remarkably higher than that in the control animals. The yield of the wool was also significantly increased in the treated group. Consequently, the Se-deprived environment caused a threat to daily gain, wool yield, and blood parameters in the Chinese merino sheep. The seleno-chitosan could not only markedly increase the Se contents blood contents, but also significantly increase the production performance (daily gain and wool yield), and release the symptoms of anemia in the Se-deprived animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qionglian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yong Han
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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8
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Qiu J, Yang Y, Wu J, Shen X. Effect of Nano-potassium Molybdate on the Copper Metabolism in Grazing the Pishan Red Sheep. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4332-4338. [PMID: 34802114 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of different levels of nano-potassium molybdate (nano-K2MoO4) fertilization on the copper (Cu) metabolism in grazing the Pishan red sheep in the natural pasture. The fertilization and grazing experiments were conducted on the Pishan farm in Southern Xinjiang, China. The natural pastures of 16 hm2 were randomly divided into four groups (4 hm2/group), consisting of group C (no fertilized), group I, group II, and group III. The fertilizing amount of Mo from nano-K2MoO4 was 0, 7, 8, and 9 kg/hm2 for group C, group I, group II, and group III, respectively. The 40 Pishan red sheep were randomly distributed to the tested pastures for 90 days, and the 10 sheep/group. The results showed that the contents of Mo and N in forage from the fertilized pastures were extremely increased (P < 0.01). The yield and dry matter digestibility of forage in fertilized pastures were significantly higher than those in no fertilized pasture (P < 0.01). The values of crude protein (CP) and crude fat (EE) in forage from fertilized pastures were significantly increased (P < 0.01). The Mo contents in the blood and liver in the Pishan red sheep from fertilized pastures were greatly increased (P < 0.01). The Cu contents in the blood and liver in the Pishan red sheep from the fertilized pastures were greatly decreased (P < 0.01). The activities of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in group I, group II, and group III were extremely lower than those in group C (P < 0.01), and the contents of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in group I, group II, and group III were greatly higher than those from group C (P < 0.01). In summary, the application of nano-K2MoO4 improved the nutritive values and the yield of forage, but overuse will remarkably reduce the Cu contents of blood and greatly interfere with the Cu metabolism, leading to the Cu deficiency and low antioxidant capacity in grazing the ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahai Wu
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China.
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guiyang, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Q, Zhao K, Shen X. Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Adaptation in the P. przewalskii to Se-Deprived Environment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3608-3620. [PMID: 34669150 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02971-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The Procapra przewalskii inhabits in a selenium (Se)-deprived environment in long-term, but they have no pathological manifestations due to the Se deprivation. This study aimed to reveal the underlying adaptation induced by Se deprivation. In the analysis, a total of 93 significantly changed metabolites were identified in positive and negative ion modes, including 46 upregulated and 47 downregulated compounds in the Se-deprived group. The differential metabolites were annotated as the major molecules in bile acid biosynthesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and pyrimidine metabolism, respectively. This study systematically analyzed the serum metabolomics characteristics of P. przewalskii under Se-deprived conditions for the first time, providing a basis for further understanding of the metabolic mechanism of P. przewalskii in the Se-deprived environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qionglian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59 Middle Section of Avenue, District, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59 Middle Section of Avenue, District, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhou P, Shen X. Effects of Se-Enriched Malt on the Immune and Antioxidant Function in the Se-Deprived Reclamation Merino Sheep in Southern Xinjiang. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3621-3629. [PMID: 34636021 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02957-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We have found that the Reclamation merino sheep in Southern Xinjiang, China, showed emaciation, stiff limbs, instability, and sudden death, which is related to the impairment of immune function and antioxidant capacity caused by selenium (Se) deficiency. The experiments were to study the effects of Se-enriched malt on the immune and antioxidant function in Se-deprived Reclamation merino sheep in Southern Xinjiang, China. The samples of soil and forage had been collected from tested pastures, and animal tissues were also collected in tested animals. The mineral content of soil, forage, and animal tissues was measured in the collected samples. Hematological indexes and biochemical values were also examined. The findings showed that the Se contents were extremely lower in affected soil and forage than those from healthy soil and forage (P < 0.01). The Se contents in affected blood and wool were also extremely lower than those from healthy blood and wool (P < 0.01). The values in glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity in affected serum samples were also extremely lower than those from healthy serum samples, and levels of malondialdehyde, total nitric oxide synthase, and lipid peroxide were extremely higher in affected serum samples than those from healthy serum samples (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the values of hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and platelet count from affected blood were extremely lower than those from healthy blood (P < 0.01). The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, immunoglobulin A, and immunoglobulin G in serum were extremely decreased in the affected Reclamation merino sheep (P < 0.01). The levels of IL-6 and immunoglobulin M in serum were extremely reduced in the affected Reclamation merino sheep compared to healthy animals (P < 0.01). The animals in affected pastures were orally treated with Se-enriched malt, and the Se contents in blood were extremely increased (P < 0.01). The immune function and antioxidant indicator returned to within the healthy range. Consequently, our findings were indicated that the disorder of the Reclamation merino sheep was mainly caused by the Se deficiency in soil and forage. The Se-enriched malt could not only markedly increase the Se content in blood but also much improve the immune function and the antioxidant capacity in the Se-deprived Reclamation merino sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhuo Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Guiyang, 550004, Southwest China, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Guiyang, 550004, Southwest China, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Guiyang, 550004, Southwest China, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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Min X, Yang Q, Zhou P. Effects of Nano-copper Oxide on Antioxidant Function of Copper-Deficient Kazakh Sheep. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3630-3637. [PMID: 34741244 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02975-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Kazakh sheep are vital to the production system of the Barkol prairie. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nano-copper oxide (Nano-Cu2O) on the antioxidant system of Cu-deficient Kazakh sheep in the Barkol prairie in Xinjiang, China. We analyzed mineral contents in soil, forage, and animal tissues. Blood parameters were also measured at the same time. The results showed that compared with healthy grassland, the Cu content in the soil and forage in Cu-deficient pastures was significantly lower than that in healthy grassland (P < 0.01). The Cu content in the blood, wool, and liver of Cu-deficient Kazakh sheep was significantly lower than that of healthy animals (P < 0.01). After Kazakh sheep were supplemented with Nano-Cu2O or CuSO4, the blood Cu concentration increased significantly (P < 0.01). From the 5th day, the Cu content of the Nano-Cu2O group was significantly higher than that of the CuSO4 group. The levels of hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte count (RBC), and packed cell volume (PCV) in the two experimental groups were significantly higher than those in Cu-deficient Kazakh sheep (P < 0.01). Compared with Cu-deficient Kazakh sheep, the serum ceruloplasmin (Cp) level of the two experimental groups increased significantly (P < 0.01), while the serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Compared with Cu-deficient Kazakh sheep, the activities of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in Nano-Cu2O and CuSO4 groups increased significantly (P < 0.01), while the level of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Therefore, Nano-Cu2O could not only significantly increase the Cu content in the blood of Cu-deficient Kazakh sheep, but also greatly improve the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Min
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Qingxiong Yang
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, 550001, China.
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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Zhen Y, Ge L, Chen Q, Xu J, Duan Z, Loor JJ, Wang M. Latent Benefits and Toxicity Risks Transmission Chain of High Dietary Copper along the Livestock-Environment-Plant-Human Health Axis and Microbial Homeostasis: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6943-6962. [PMID: 35666880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of high-concentration copper (Cu) in feed additives, fertilizers, pesticides, and nanoparticles (NPs) inevitably causes significant pollution in the ecological environment. This type of chain pollution begins with animal husbandry: first, Cu accumulation in animals poisons them; second, high Cu enters the soil and water sources with the feces and urine to cause toxicity, which may further lead to crop and plant pollution; third, this process ultimately endangers human health through consumption of livestock products, aquatic foods, plants, and even drinking water. High Cu potentially alters the antibiotic resistance of soil and water sources and further aggravates human disease risks. Thus, it is necessary to formulate reasonable Cu emission regulations because the benefits of Cu for livestock and plants cannot be ignored. The present review evaluates the potential hazards and benefits of high Cu in livestock, the environment, the plant industry, and human health. We also discuss aspects related to bacterial and fungal resistance and homeostasis and perspectives on the application of Cu-NPs and microbial high-Cu removal technology to reduce the spread of toxicity risks to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Zhen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Ling Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qiaoqing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute for Quality and Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Zhenyu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
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Li Y, He J, Shen X, Zhao K. Effects of Foliar Application of Nano-molybdenum Fertilizer on Copper Metabolism of Grazing Chinese Merino Sheep (Junken Type) on Natural Grasslands Under Copper and Cadmium Stress. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2727-2733. [PMID: 34396459 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the groundwater contaminated by mineral development and metal smelting has seriously polluted natural grasslands, resulting in heavy metal residues in soils and forages exceeding the standard, especially copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd). After animals intake contaminated forages, heavy metals may accumulate in animal tissues and threaten human health through the food chain. Previous studies found that molybdenum (Mo) fertilizer from ammonium molybdate or potassium molybdate could alleviate the decrease of antioxidant capacity caused by heavy metal poisoning, but the application of nano-Mo fertilizer in sheep is still lacking. To investigate the effects of nano-Mo fertilizer on Cu metabolism of grazing Chinese Merino sheep (Junken Type) on natural pastures under Cu and Cd stress, fertilizing experiment was carried out in the Bayanbulak Grassland in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. A total of 24 hm2 fenced grassland contaminated by heavy metals was randomly divided into four groups (3 replications/group and 2 hm2/replication). The experimental groups were applied 0 g Mo, 100 g Mo, 200 g Mo, and 300 g Mo per hectare for the control group, group I, group II, and group III, respectively, through foliar spraying fertilization. A total of 72 Chinese Merino sheep (1 year old, 43.8 ± 2.3 kg) grazing on polluted natural grasslands, with 18 sheep per group, were randomly assigned to the experimental pastures for 30 days. The results showed that the Mo content in soil in group II and group III nwas higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); the Cd content in soil in group II and group III was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the Cu content in soil in fertilized pastures was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The Mo content in herbage in fertilized pastures was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the content of Cu in herbage in fertilized pastures was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The contents of iron (Fe) and Mo in blood and liver of grazing animals from fertilized pastures were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The Cd content in blood of grazing animals in group II and group III was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The Cu content in blood and liver of grazing animals in fertilized pastures was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The content of selenium (Se) in blood of grazing animals in group II and group III was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of blood including hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte count (RBC), and packed cell volume (PCV) in group II and group III were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The white blood cell (RBC) count in group II and group III was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The activities of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and ceruloplasmin (Cp) in group II and group III were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in group II and group III was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the application of nano-Mo fertilizer on Cu- and Cd-contaminated grasslands changed the contents of mineral elements in soil, forage, and blood of grazing sheep, improved the antioxidant capacity, affected the Cu metabolism of grazing Chinese Merino sheep caused by Cu and Cd pollutions, and alleviated the toxic damage of heavy metal pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co, Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Jian He
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, 550004, Guiyang, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China.
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Qiu J, Zhou P, Shen X. Effects of Se-Yeast on Immune and Antioxidant in the Se-Deprived Pishan Red Sheep. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2741-2749. [PMID: 34432270 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The experiments were to study the effects of Se-yeast on immune and antioxidant in Selenium(Se)-deprived Pishan red sheep in Southern Xinjiang, China. The samples of soil, forage, and animal tissues were collected, and used for measuring mineral content, physiological parameter, and biochemical values. These findings showed that the Se contents in affected soil and forage were markedly lower than those from unaffected soil and forage (P < 0.01). Se in affected blood and wool were also extremely lower than those from healthy Pishan red sheep (P < 0.01). The hemoglobin, packed cell volume, platelet count, Glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity in the affected Pishan red sheep were markedly lower than those from healthy ones too (P < 0.01). The levels of malondialdehyde, total nitric oxide synthase, and lipid peroxide in Pishan red sheep from affected pastures were extremely higher than those from healthy ones (P < 0.01). The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, Interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 from serum were markedly decreased in affected Pishan red sheep(P < 0.01). The Pishan red sheep in Se-deprived pasture were treated by orally with Se-yeast, the amount of Se in the blood markedly increased in treated animals. Meanwhile, the immune and antioxidant indicator was returned to the healthy values. Consequently, our findings were indicated that Se-deprived forage caused oxidative damage, and a serious threat to the immune function in animals. The Se-yeast is more effective in the Se-deficient Pishan red sheep including blood Se content, immune function and the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
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15
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Li Y, Liu H, He J, Shen X, Zhao K, Wang Y. The Effects of Oral Administration of Molybdenum Fertilizers on Immune Function of Nanjiang Brown Goat Grazing on Natural Pastures Contaminated by Mixed Heavy Metal. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2750-2757. [PMID: 34482497 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mineral development and metal smelting seriously polluted the surrounding groundwater and soil, threatening human health through the food chain. To investigate the effects of different sources of molybdenum (Mo) fertilizers on immune function of Nanjiang brown goats grazing on natural pastures under compound pollutions, fertilizing experiment was carried out in Liangshan Yi Nationality Prefecture of the Western Sichuan Plateau, China. Eighteen square hectometers of polluted meadows were fenced and were randomly divided into three groups (3 replications/group and 2 hm2/replication). A total of 54 healthy Nanjiang brown goats with an average BW of 31.6 ± 1.5 kg (1 year old) were used to this 30-day test (18 goats per group). The goats from CON group, AM group, and PM group were orally supplemented with deionized water, 15 mg Mo/BW·d (ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate), and 15 mg Mo/BW·d (potassium molybdate), respectively. Compared to CON group, the serum Fe content of grazing animals from AM group and PM group was 10.05% and 3.45% higher (P < 0.05), and the serum Cu content of grazing animals from AM group and PM group was 69.05% and 67.86% lower, respectively (P < 0.05). Mo fertilization significantly increased the levels of blood Hb, RBC, and PCV, and the activities of serum SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and Cp of grazing goats (P < 0.05), and also extremely decreased the MDA content of experimental goats fed Mo compared to the control goats (P < 0.05). Compared to CON group, the activities of serum IgG, IgA, IgM, IL-2, and TNF-α of grazing animals from AM group and PM group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-1β of grazing goats from AM group and PM group were extremely decreased (P < 0.05). In summary, oral Mo fertilizers can alter the contents of serum mineral elements, reduce oxidative stress, improve immune function, and relieve the toxic damage of goats grazing on contaminated natural grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Jian He
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China.
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
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16
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Higuera JM, Silva ABS, Henrique W, Esteves SN, Barioni W, Donati GL, Nogueira ARA. Effect of Genetic Crossing and Nutritional Management on the Mineral Composition of Carcass, Blood, Leather, and Viscera of Sheep. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4133-4144. [PMID: 33389621 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02543-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of genetic crossing and nutritional management on weight gain and the concentration of minerals and trace elements in the carcass, blood, leather, and viscera of sheep were evaluated. Several statistical strategies were used to evaluate the different elemental composition characteristics of pure breed animals, i.e., White Dorper (ODO), Ile de France (OIF), Texel (OTX), and Santa Inês (OSI), as well as their crossbreeds 1/2 White Dorper and 1/2 Santa Inês (ODS), 1/2 Ile de France, and 1/2 Santa Inês (OIS), 1/2 Texel × 1/2 Santa Inês (OTS). Three different diets were evaluated AL (ad libitum), R75, and R63 (75 and 63 g of dry matter/kg of the animal metabolic weight, respectively). Levels of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The concentration of inorganic elements in the different body components was not affected by the diet (P > 0.05), and OTX and OTS were the breeds with the highest weight gain. Random forest importance models demonstrated that Zn in the carcass, K, Ca, and Zn in blood, and K in leather are most associated with separating the different evaluated sheep's breeds. Crossbreeding the native Santa Inês breed with sheep of exotic breeds produces animals well adapted to confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julymar M Higuera
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, P.O. Box 339, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
- Group for Applied Instrumental Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz S Silva
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, P.O. Box 339, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
- Group for Applied Instrumental Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Wignez Henrique
- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, UPD de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio N Esteves
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, P.O. Box 339, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Waldomiro Barioni
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, P.O. Box 339, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - George L Donati
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Box 7486, Salem Hall, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
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17
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Zhao K, Huo B, Shen X. Studies on Antioxidant Capacity in Selenium-Deprived the Choko Yak in the Shouqu Prairie. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3297-3302. [PMID: 33123866 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The fencing device on pasture has seriously restricted the foraging range in grazing animals. As a result, the incidence of selenium (Se) deficiency is rising in grazing Choko yaks in the Shouqu prairie in Northwest China. To study the effect of Se deprivation on antioxidant capacity in the Choko yaks, the mineral contents in soil, forage, blood, and liver have been analyzed. The parameters of physiology and biochemistry in animal were also measured. The tested results showed that Se contents in soil and forage from tested pastures were very greatly lower than those in the control ranges (P < 0.01), and there were no extreme differences in other elements. Se contents in blood and the liver in tested animals were very extremely lower than those in the control yaks (P < 0.01). Levels of hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte (RBC), and hematocrit (HCT) were very extremely less than those in the control group (P < 0.01). Activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in blood from the tested yaks were very much lower than those in the control animals (P < 0.01). Contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in tested yaks were extremely higher than those in the control animals (P < 0.01). Therefore, it is suggested that Se-deficient forage in natural habitat not only influenced mineral contents in the blood and the liver but also causes serious harm to antioxidant function in the Choko yaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bin Huo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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