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Condello V, Paulsson JO, Zedenius J, Näsman A, Juhlin CC. Spatial Transcriptomics in a Case of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Reveals Clone-Specific Dysregulation of Genes Regulating Extracellular Matrix in the Invading Front. Endocr Pathol 2024:10.1007/s12022-024-09798-0. [PMID: 38280140 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-024-09798-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is recognized by its ability to invade the tumor capsule and blood vessels, although the exact molecular signals orchestrating this phenotype remain elusive. In this study, the spatial transcriptional landscape of an FTC is detailed with comparisons between the invasive front and histologically indolent central core tumor areas. The Visium spatial gene expression platform allowed us to interrogate and visualize the whole transcriptome in 2D across formalin-fixated paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. Four different 6 × 6 mm areas of an FTC were scrutinized, including regions with capsular and vascular invasion, capsule-near area without invasion, and a central core area of the tumor. Following successful capturing and sequencing, several expressional clusters were identified with regional variation. Most notably, invasive tumor cell clusters were significantly over-expressing genes associated with pathways interacting with the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Subsets of these genes (POSTN and DPYSL3) were additionally validated using immunohistochemistry in an independent cohort of follicular thyroid tumors showing a clear gradient pattern from the core to the periphery of the tumor. Moreover, the reconstruction of the evolutionary tree identified the invasive clones as late events in follicular thyroid tumorigenesis. To our knowledge, this is one of the first 2D global transcriptional mappings of FTC using this platform to date. Invasive FTC clones develop in a stepwise fashion and display significant dysregulation of genes associated with the ECM and EMT - thus highlighting important molecular crosstalk for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Condello
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Johan O Paulsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Zedenius
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumors, and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Näsman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Christofer Juhlin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Coelho M, Capela J, Anjo SI, Pacheco J, Fernandes MS, Amendoeira I, Jones JG, Raposo L, Manadas B. Proteomics Reveals mRNA Regulation and the Action of Annexins in Thyroid Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14542. [PMID: 37833989 PMCID: PMC10572572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. Although most thyroid nodules are benign, given the high incidence of thyroid nodules in the population, it is important to understand the differences between benign and malignant thyroid cancer and the molecular alterations associated with malignancy to improve detection and signal potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. Proteomics analysis of benign and malignant human thyroid tissue largely revealed changes indicating modifications in RNA regulation, a common cancer characteristic. In addition, changes in the immune system and cell membrane/endocytic processes were also suggested to be involved. Annexin A1 was considered a potential malignancy biomarker and, similarly to other annexins, it was found to increase in the malignant group. Furthermore, a bioinformatics approach points to the transcription factor Sp1 as being potentially involved in most of the alterations seen in the malignant thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Coelho
- CNC—Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- III Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Capela
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra I. Anjo
- CNC—Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- III Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pacheco
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Amendoeira
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Ipatimup, Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - John G. Jones
- CNC—Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- III Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Raposo
- Portuguese Society of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1600-892 Lisbon, Portugal
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC—Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- III Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
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Sekino M, Iwadate M, Yamaya Y, Matsumoto Y, Suzuki S, Mizunuma H, Nakano K, Nakamura I, Suzuki S. Analysis of Expression of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and BRAFV600E Mutation in Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3449. [PMID: 37444559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In thyroid cancer, it has been suggested that PD-L1 overexpression is associated with some clinicopathological factors and prognosis. The aim of this study is to characterize the expression of PD-L1, the presence of the BRAFV600E mutation, as well as cellular and humoral immunity in thyroid cancer, and to investigate the factors that predict the effectiveness of anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy. Blood samples were collected from 33 patients who were newly diagnosed with thyroid cancer after surgery or biopsy. PD-L1 expression, BRAFV600E mutation, and CD8+ expression were examined by immunohistological staining using clinical thyroid cancer specimens. With a PD-L1 staining cut-off value of 1%, 13 (39.4%) patients were classified as PD-L1 positive. Stimulation Index (SI) is an indicator of T cell activation. PD-L1 expression was significantly correlated with low SI level (p = 0.046). Moreover, BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 24 of the 33 (72.7%) patients, and was significantly associated with PD-L1 expression (p = 0.047). In addition, enhanced CD8+ expression was significantly associated with PD-L1 expression (p = 0.003). Multivariate analyses confirmed that high CRP levels (p = 0.039) were independently and significantly associated with poor progression-free survival. These findings suggest that elevated PD-L1 status can be a prognostic indicator for survival in patients with thyroid cancer when comprehensively assessed using the expression of CD8+, the presence of BRAFV600E mutation and the patient's immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Sekino
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Manabu Iwadate
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yukie Yamaya
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Matsumoto
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizunuma
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Keiichi Nakano
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Izumi Nakamura
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shinichi Suzuki
- Department of Thyroid Treatment, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
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4
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Luvhengo TE, Bombil I, Mokhtari A, Moeng MS, Demetriou D, Sanders C, Dlamini Z. Multi-Omics and Management of Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041217. [PMID: 37189835 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common cancer of the thyroid gland, accounting for up to 20% of all primary malignant tumors in iodine-replete areas. The diagnostic work-up, staging, risk stratification, management, and follow-up strategies in patients who have FTC are modeled after those of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), even though FTC is more aggressive. FTC has a greater propensity for haematogenous metastasis than PTC. Furthermore, FTC is a phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous disease. The diagnosis and identification of markers of an aggressive FTC depend on the expertise and thoroughness of pathologists during histopathological analysis. An untreated or metastatic FTC is likely to de-differentiate and become poorly differentiated or undifferentiated and resistant to standard treatment. While thyroid lobectomy is adequate for the treatment of selected patients who have low-risk FTC, it is not advisable for patients whose tumor is larger than 4 cm in diameter or has extensive extra-thyroidal extension. Lobectomy is also not adequate for tumors that have aggressive mutations. Although the prognosis for over 80% of PTC and FTC is good, nearly 20% of the tumors behave aggressively. The introduction of radiomics, pathomics, genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and liquid biopsy have led to improvements in the understanding of tumorigenesis, progression, treatment response, and prognostication of thyroid cancer. The article reviews the challenges that are encountered during the diagnostic work-up, staging, risk stratification, management, and follow-up of patients who have FTC. How the application of multi-omics can strengthen decision-making during the management of follicular carcinoma is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thifhelimbilu Emmanuel Luvhengo
- Department of Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Ifongo Bombil
- Department of Surgery, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 1864, South Africa
| | - Arian Mokhtari
- Department of Surgery, Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa
| | - Maeyane Stephens Moeng
- Department of Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Demetra Demetriou
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Claire Sanders
- Department of Surgery, Helen Joseph Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
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Hellgren LS, Stenman A, Paulsson JO, Höög A, Larsson C, Zedenius J, Juhlin CC. Prognostic Utility of the Ki-67 Labeling Index in Follicular Thyroid Tumors: a 20-Year Experience from a Tertiary Thyroid Center. Endocr Pathol 2022; 33:231-242. [PMID: 35305239 PMCID: PMC9135869 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-022-09714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Follicular thyroid tumors pose a diagnostic challenge on the preoperative level, as the discrimination between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and adenoma (FTA) demands careful histopathological investigation. Moreover, prognostication of FTCs is mostly based on tumor size and extent of invasive properties, while immunohistochemical markers pinpointing high-risk cases are lacking. We have routinely established a Ki-67 labeling index for follicular thyroid tumors since 1999. To assess the potential value of Ki-67 as an adjunct tool to (1) correctly separate FTCs from FTAs and (2) help identify poor-prognosis FTCs, we collected histopathological and clinical data from 818 follicular thyroid tumors with a histological Ki-67 labeling index established in clinical routine practice (516 FTAs, 252 FTCs, and 50 follicular thyroid tumors of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMPs)). The Ki-67 labeling index was higher in FTCs (mean 5.8%) than in FTAs (mean 2.6%) (P < 0.001), and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed a cut-off value of 4% to separate FTC from FTA with a sensitivity and specificity of 65% and 83%, respectively. Similarly, a Ki-67 labeling index above 4% was found to identify FTCs that later metastasized from clinically indolent FTCs with a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 48%, respectively. Ki-67 constituted an independent predictor of future FTC metastases/recurrence and death of disease, and a value > 4% was a reliable prognostic marker within individual pT staging groups. We conclude that Ki-67 is a potentially valuable marker for the prognostication of FTCs, and future implementation in the histopathological assessments of follicular thyroid tumors could be beneficial if reproduced in international series.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Samuel Hellgren
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adam Stenman
- Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan O Paulsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Höög
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Zedenius
- Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Christofer Juhlin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Saburi S, Tsujikawa T, Miyagawa-Hayashino A, Mitsuda J, Yoshimura K, Kimura A, Morimoto H, Ohmura G, Arai A, Ogi H, Konishi E, Itoh K, Sugino K, Hirano S. Spatially resolved immune microenvironmental profiling for follicular thyroid carcinoma with minimal capsular invasion. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:721-727. [PMID: 34952946 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Spatial profiles of the tumor-immune microenvironment are associated with disease progression and clinicopathological factors in various cancers. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common thyroid cancer, where the presence of capsular invasion or angioinvasion determines the pathological diagnosis; however, little is known about the immune microenvironment profiles associated with the acquisition of invasive potential of FTC. In this study, we focused on FTC with minimal capsular invasion, and the spatially resolved immune microenvironment of FTC was studied in the discovery (n = 13) and validation cohorts (n = 40). CD8+ T cells, helper T cells, regulatory T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, tumor-associated macrophages, CD66+ granulocytes, mature dendritic cells, and mast cells were quantitatively evaluated in single tissue sections, via a 12-marker multiplex immunohistochemistry and image cytometry. Cell densities and compositions of immune cells were spatially stratified by six tissue regions including tumor center, subcapsular region, capsular invasion, adjacent stroma of capsular invasion, peritumoral stroma, and adjacent normal. Lymphoid cell lineages in the tumor center and subcapsular regions were significantly lower than those in adjacent normal and peritumoral stroma, potentially related to the lymphoid lineage exclusion from the intratumoral regions of FTC. Interestingly, immune cell composition profiles in the capsular invasive front were distinct from those of intratumoral region. The ratios of T cells to CD66b+ granulocytes with capsular invasion were significantly higher than those without capsular invasion, suggesting the presence of a unique immune microenvironment at the invasive front between tumor foci and stroma. In addition, tumor cells at the capsular invasive front showed significantly higher expression of tumor programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) than those at the tumor center. This study revealed spatial immune profiles associated with capsular invasion of FTC, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying its development and initial invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumiyo Saburi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsujikawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Aya Miyagawa-Hayashino
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junichi Mitsuda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshimura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Alisa Kimura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Morimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gaku Ohmura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihito Arai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogi
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,SCREEN Holdings Co., Ltd, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhang F, Fan G, Wang X. Correlation between BTG3, CASP9 and LRP4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Biomark Med 2022; 16:537-547. [PMID: 35362324 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study the association of BTG3, CASP9 and LRP4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods: The BTG3 rs9977638, CASP9 rs884363 and LRP4 rs898604 genotypes of 175 PTC patients and 175 controls were analyzed. Results: Rs9977638 TC genotype and CC genotype, rs884363 CC genotype and rs898604 GG genotype were related to a lower PTC susceptibility risk (p < 0.01). The risk of PTC susceptibility was higher when carrying BTG3 rs9977638 CC, CASP9 rs884363 AC and LRP4 rs898604 AG at the same time (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Combined BTG3, CASP9 and LRP4 genotype analysis has a certain application value in the diagnosis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- Department of Maxillofacial & E.N.T. Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy,Tianjin Cancer Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Department of Thyroid Breast Hernia Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, China
| | - Guidong Fan
- Department of Thyroid Breast Hernia Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Maxillofacial & E.N.T. Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy,Tianjin Cancer Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
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Paulsson JO, Rafati N, DiLorenzo S, Chen Y, Haglund F, Zedenius J, Juhlin CC. Whole-genome Sequencing of Follicular Thyroid Carcinomas Reveal Recurrent Mutations in MicroRNA Processing Subunit DGCR8. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:3265-3282. [PMID: 34171097 PMCID: PMC8530729 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genomic and transcriptomic landscape of widely invasive follicular thyroid carcinomas (wiFTCs) and Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC) are poorly characterized, and subsets of these tumors lack information on genetic driver events. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to bridge this gap. METHODS We performed whole-genome and RNA sequencing and subsequent bioinformatic analyses of 11 wiFTCs and 2 HCCs with a particularly poor prognosis, and matched normal tissue. RESULTS All wiFTCs exhibited one or several mutations in established thyroid cancer genes, including TERT (n = 4), NRAS (n = 3), HRAS, KRAS, AKT, PTEN, PIK3CA, MUTYH, TSHR, and MEN1 (n = 1 each). MutSig2CV analysis revealed recurrent somatic mutations in FAM72D (n = 3, in 2 wiFTCs and in a single HCC), TP53 (n = 3, in 2 wiFTCs and a single HCC), and EIF1AX (n = 3), with DGCR8 (n = 2) as borderline significant. The DGCR8 mutations were recurrent p.E518K missense alterations, known to cause familial multinodular goiter via disruption of microRNA (miRNA) processing. Expression analyses showed reduced DGCR8 messenger RNA expression in FTCs in general, and the 2 DGCR8 mutants displayed a distinct miRNA profile compared to DGCR8 wild-types. Copy number analyses revealed recurrent gains on chromosomes 4, 6, and 10, and fusion gene analyses revealed 27 high-quality events. Both HCCs displayed hyperploidy, which was fairly unusual in the FTC cohort. Based on the transcriptome data, tumors amassed in 2 principal clusters. CONCLUSION We describe the genomic and transcriptomic landscape in wiFTCs and HCCs and identify novel recurrent mutations and copy number alterations with possible driver properties and lay the foundation for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan O Paulsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Solna-Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: Johan O. Paulsson, MD, Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum J6:20, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Solna-Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nima Rafati
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Uppsala University, SciLifeLab, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sebastian DiLorenzo
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Uppsala University, SciLifeLab, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Solna-Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Haglund
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Solna-Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Zedenius
- Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Christofer Juhlin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Solna-Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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