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Gao C, Esni F, Chu E, Hu J. BRAFV600E mutation and DSS treatment synergize to induce cecal tumor formation in mice. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101634. [PMID: 38188365 PMCID: PMC10771891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BRAF mutation is a driver mutation in colorectal cancer (CRC), and BRAFV600E mutation is found in 10-15 % of all CRCs. BRAF mutant CRCs in patients are primarily localized in the right colon, including the cecum. However, in the Vill-Cre;BRAFV600E/+ mice, adenomas mainly developed in the small intestines of the mice, and no tumor formed in the cecum. The mice model of BRAFV600E-mutant CRC with tumors in the cecum is lacking. Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) treatment induces colitis in mice. Acute DSS treatment does not lead to tumor formation. We show that DSS treatment and BRAFV600E mutation synergistically induced cecal tumorigenesis, and cecal tumors formed within three months after five-day DSS treatment. The location of the adenomas supports the patient relevance of the model. Our BRAFV600E/DSS model provides a valuable in vivo model for future identification and validation of novel therapeutic approaches for treating BRAF-mutant CRC. Our results are consistent with the notion that BRAFV600E mutation is an oncogenic event that can shift controlled regeneration to unrestrained oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Gao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Farzad Esni
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Edward Chu
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jing Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Morimoto A, Sakamoto K, Kudo K, Shioda Y. [Central nervous system disorders secondary to histiocytoses: neurodegeneration with potential for improvement]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2024; 64:85-92. [PMID: 38281751 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Histiocytoses, including Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD), are inflammatory myeloid tumors in which monocyte lineage cells aggregate in various organs, causing tissue damage. Most of these tumors harbor oncogenic mutations in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway genes, typified by BRAFV600E. Some patients with LCH develop bilateral symmetrical cerebellar lesions and brain atrophy several years after diagnosis when the initial symptoms disappear, leading to cerebellar ataxia and higher cerebral dysfunction. A similar neurological disorder has also been reported in ECD. This neurological disorder can be improved with MAPK inhibitors. When patients with this neurological disorder are identified among neurodegeneration of unknown etiology or histiocytosis patients and treated early with MAPK inhibitors, the disorder can be reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ko Kudo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University School of Medicine
| | - Yoko Shioda
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development
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Tikum AF, Ketchemen JP, Doroudi A, Nambisan AK, Babeker H, Njotu FN, Fonge H. Effectiveness of 225Ac-Labeled Anti-EGFR Radioimmunoconjugate in EGFR-Positive Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene and BRAF Mutant Colorectal Cancer Models. J Nucl Med 2024:jnumed.123.266204. [PMID: 38360051 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Eighty percent of colorectal cancers (CRCs) overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) mutations are present in 40% of CRCs and drive de novo resistance to anti-EGFR drugs. BRAF oncogene is mutated in 7%-10% of CRCs, with even worse prognosis. We have evaluated the effectiveness of [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab in KRAS mutant and in KRAS wild-type and BRAFV600E mutant EGFR-positive CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Anti-CD20 [225Ac]Ac-macropa-rituximab was developed and used as a nonspecific radioimmunoconjugate. Methods: Anti-EGFR antibody nimotuzumab was radiolabeled with 225Ac via an 18-membered macrocyclic chelator p-SCN-macropa. The immunoconjugate was characterized using flow cytometry, radioligand binding assay, and high-performance liquid chromatography, and internalization was studied using live-cell imaging. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in 2-dimensional monolayer EGFR-positive KRAS mutant DLD-1, SW620, and SNU-C2B; in KRAS wild-type and BRAFV600E mutant HT-29 CRC cell lines; and in 3-dimensional spheroids. Dosimetry was studied in healthy mice. The in vivo efficacy of [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab was evaluated in mice bearing DLD-1, SW620, and HT-29 xenografts after treatment with 3 doses of 13 kBq/dose administered 10 d apart. Results: In all cell lines, in vitro studies showed enhanced cytotoxicity of [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab compared with nimotuzumab and controls. The inhibitory concentration of 50% in the DLD-1 cell line was 1.8 nM for [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab versus 84.1 nM for nimotuzumab. Similarly, the inhibitory concentration of 50% was up to 79-fold lower for [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab than for nimotuzumab in KRAS mutant SNU-C2B and SW620 and in KRAS wild-type and BRAFV600E mutant HT-29 CRC cell lines. A similar trend was observed for 3-dimensional spheroids. Internalization peaked 24-48 h after incubation and depended on EGFR expression. In the [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab group, 3 of 7 mice bearing DLD-1 tumors had complete remission. Median survival was 40 and 34 d for mice treated with phosphate-buffered saline and [225Ac]Ac-macropa-rituximab (control), respectively, whereas it was not reached for the [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab group (>90 d). Similarly, median survival of mice bearing HT-29 xenografts was 16 and 12.5 d for those treated with [225Ac]Ac-macropa-rituximab and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively, and was not reached for those treated with [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab (>90 d). One of 7 mice bearing HT-29 xenografts and treated using [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab had complete remission. Compared with untreated mice, [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab more than doubled (16 vs. 41 d) the median survival of mice bearing SW620 xenografts. Conclusion: [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab is effective against KRAS mutant and BRAFV600E mutant CRC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjong Florence Tikum
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jessica P Ketchemen
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Alireza Doroudi
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Anand K Nambisan
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Hanan Babeker
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; and
| | - Fabrice Ngoh Njotu
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Hong X, Li J, Duan S, You Y. Retrospective study of BRAF V600E mutation and CT features of papillary thyroid carcinoma. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16810. [PMID: 38282867 PMCID: PMC10821721 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the correlation between BRAFV600E status and computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and determine if suspicious CT imaging features could predict BRAFV600E status. Methods This retrospective study included patients with pathologically confirmed PTC at the Department of Thyroid Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, between July 2020 and June 2022. We compared the clinicopathologic factors and CT findings of nodules with and without the mutation, and the multiple logistical regression test was used to determine independent parameters of the BRAFV600E mutation. Results This study included 381 patients with PTC, among them, BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 314 patients (82.4%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR = 0.542, 95% CI [0.296-0.993], P = 0.047) and shape (OR = 0.510, 95% CI [0.275-0.944], P = 0.032) were associated with BRAFV600E mutation. Conclusions Compared to BRAFV600E mutation-negative, BRAFV600E-positive PTC lesions were more likely to be found in female patients and were characterized by irregular shape. However, the CT imaging finding is not enough to predict BRAFV600E status, but an indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shaoyin Duan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Youkuang You
- Department of Medical Imaging, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xianyue Hospital Affiliated with Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Psychiatric Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Vermeulen E, Vander Mijnsbrugge AS, Brock S, Vaeyens F, Dirven I, Ciçek A, Marcelis W, Klein S, Bruneau M, Neyns B, Duerinck J. Successful Treatment with Dabrafenib/Trametinib of a Malignantly Transformed and Metastasized BRAF V600E Mutant Pleiomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Oncol 2024; 17:10-16. [PMID: 38179547 PMCID: PMC10764088 DOI: 10.1159/000534731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pleiomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is considered a low-grade glioma with a favorable prognosis following surgical resection. We present a case report of a BRAFV600E mutant malignantly transformed and disseminated PXA that was successfully treated with BRAF-/MEK-targeted therapy (dabrafenib/trametinib). Case Presentation At the age of 16 years, our patient underwent an initial subtotal resection of a right occipital PXA. Six months later, a reintervention for an asymptomatic tumor recurrence was performed and complete resection was achieved. The patient has been followed up by MRI for 14 years without arguments for recurrence but was lost to follow-up thereafter. At 38 years of age, he presented with a symptomatic local recurrence with extra-cerebral soft tissue extension, for which a third surgical resection was performed. Anatomopathological examination reported a grade 3 anaplastic PXA (aPXA); molecular analysis detected a BRAFV600E mutation. Three months later, before the initiation of radiotherapy, a local tumor recurrence was diagnosed, for which he underwent a fourth surgical resection. Radiotherapy was performed following the surgical debulking. One month after completion of radiotherapy, disease progression was documented including multiple sites of extracranial metastases (skeletal, lung, cervical lymph node, and subcutaneous metastases). Systemic treatment with a combination of BRAF-/MEK-inhibitors (dabrafenib/trametinib) was initiated and resulted in a rapid and deep tumor response (partial response according to RECISTv1.1) and absence of BRAFV600E mutant ctDNA in plasma at 6 weeks after treatment initiation. A near-complete metabolic remission was documented on [18F]FDG-PET/CT 3 months after starting systemic therapy. Conclusion We present a rare case of malignant transformation and systemic dissemination of a BRAFV600E mutant PXA, occurring 20 years after the initial diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of long-term follow-up of patients diagnosed with these rare central nervous system tumors that initially are considered benign and also illustrates that BRAF/MEK inhibition can be an effective therapy for BRAFV600E mutated PXA, underscoring the importance of performing molecular genetic profiling of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elle Vermeulen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - An-Sofie Vander Mijnsbrugge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Brock
- Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Freya Vaeyens
- Department of Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iris Dirven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Abdulhamid Ciçek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - William Marcelis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel Klein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Michaël Bruneau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johnny Duerinck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
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Huang G, Liu W, Han L, Zhang Y, Liu S, Zhang J, Niu B. Age and BRAFV600E Mutation Stratified Patients with Cytologically Benign Thyroid Nodules. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:6025-6039. [PMID: 38148884 PMCID: PMC10750481 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s443711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of BRAFV600E mutation for malignant, and to identify clinical characteristics associated with positive BRAFV600E mutation in low-risk cytological and ultrasound diagnostic thyroid nodules. This aims to identify patients who may benefit from BRAFV600E mutation testing and subsequent surgical intervention. Patients and Methods We analysis the clinical characteristics correlated with BRAFV600E mutation in our detection cohort, including 204 patients with 217 thyroid nodules, and separate analyses were performed in 103 thyroid nodules with benign cytological result. Signaling pathway and immune response associated with age and BRAFV600E mutation status were also evaluated in Asian patients with thyroid cancer from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Results The positive BRAFV600E mutation was significantly associated with higher Ultrasound (US) classification (p<0.001) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) categories (p<0.001). BRAFV600E mutation as a risk factor for malignancy, showing the optimal diagnostic efficacy for malignancy combined with FNA categories, with the AUC was 0.923. Otherwise, BRAFV600E mutation is a risk factor in screening malignancy in low-risk FNA and US classification, which is significant correlation with patients age. Patients over 50 years old exhibiting a higher percentage of positive BRAFV600E mutation when both ultrasound and FNA results indicate benign conditions, with higher risk of malignancy. Conclusion BRAFV600E mutation is an accurate adjunctive diagnostic marker on FNA to screen malignancy. In low risk of both ultrasound and FNA results, the positive BRAFV600E was significant increased in patients over 50 years old, which have higher risk of malignancy. Thus, the BRAFV600E mutation detection and further surgery should be strengthened in older patients with benign cytological and US results thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocong Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing ChosenMed Clinical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Han
- Beijing ChosenMed Clinical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Beijing ChosenMed Clinical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyao Liu
- Beijing ChosenMed Clinical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Beijing ChosenMed Clinical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beifang Niu
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Tsai HL, Huang CW, Chen YC, Su WC, Chang TK, Chen PJ, Li CC, Chang YT, Wang JY. Real-World Outcomes of First-Line FOLFIRI Plus Bevacizumab with Irinotecan Dose Escalation versus FOLFOXIRI Plus Bevacizumab in BRAFV600E-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The Preliminary Data from a Single-Center Observational Study. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:2108. [PMID: 38138211 PMCID: PMC10745094 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Approximately 5-10% of all patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) harbor a BRAFV600E mutation. These patients exhibit distinct metastatic patterns, poor prognosis, and heterogenous survival outcomes. The findings from the TRIBE study indicated that the administration of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab as first-line treatment extended the median duration of overall survival (OS). In this study, we explored the effects of UGT1A1 polymorphism on the outcomes of irinotecan dose escalation versus FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab in patients with BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 25 patients who had received a diagnosis of BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC between October 2015 and August 2022. All patients underwent UGT1A1 genotyping before receiving bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints were OS and adverse events (AEs). The two treatment arms were compared in terms of 6-month PFS and 12-month OS. Results: Over a median follow-up duration of 15.0 (interquartile range, 10.0-30.5) months, no significant differences were noted between the treatment arms in severe AEs (SAEs), 6-month PFS, or 12-month OS (all p < 0.05). Regarding AEs, the FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab regimen was associated with a lower incidence of anorexia than was the FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab regimen (p = 0.042). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab with irinotecan dose escalation is an effective first-line treatment regimen for patients with BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC. This regimen leads to acceptable clinical outcomes with manageable AEs. However, the effects on survival and safety outcomes could only be speculated, and further studies are needed because of the sample size, the follow-up for the OS evaluation, and the non-uniformity in all the variables considered in the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Lin Tsai
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Su
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Kun Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Li
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
| | - Yu-Tang Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-L.T.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (W.-C.S.); (T.-K.C.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-T.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Ma N, Tian HY, Yu ZY, Zhu X, Zhao DW. Integrating US-guided FNAB, BRAF V600E mutation, and clinicopathologic characteristics to predict cervical central lymph-node metastasis in preoperative patients with cN0 papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:5565-5574. [PMID: 37540271 PMCID: PMC10620286 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08156-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of cervical central lymph-node metastasis (CLNM) is high in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). There is considerable controversy surrounding the benefits of prophylactic central lymph-node dissection (pCLND) in patients with clinically negative central compartment lymph nodes (cN0). Therefore, it is crucial to accurately predict the likelihood of cervical CLNM before surgery to make informed surgical decisions. METHODS Date from 214 PTC patients (cN0) who underwent partial or total thyroidectomy and pCLND at the Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital were collected and retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups in accordance with cervical CLNM or not. Their information, including clinical characteristics, ultrasound (US) features, pathological results of fine-needle aspirations biopsy (FNAB), and other characteristics of the groups, was analyzed and compared using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS A total of 214 patients were eligible in this study. Among them, 43.5% (93/214) of PTC patients had cervical CLNM, and 56.5% (121/214) did not. The two groups were compared using a univariate analyses, and there were no significant differences between the two groups in aspect ratio, boundary, morphology, component, and BRAFV600E (P > 0.05), and there were significant differences between gender, age, maximum tumor size, tumor location, capsule contact, microcalcifications, color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (P < 0.05). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to further clarify the correlation of these indices. However, only age (OR = 2.455, P = 0.009), maximum tumor size (OR = 2.586, P = 0.010), capsule contact (OR = 3.208, P = 0.001), and CDFI (OR = 2.225, P = 0.022) were independent predictors of cervical CLNM. Combining these four factors, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the joint diagnosis is 0.8160 (95% 0.7596-0.8725). Univariate analysis indicated that capsule contact (P = 0.001) was a possible predictive factor of BRAFV600E mutation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, four independent predictors of cervical CLNM, including age < 45 years, tumor size > 1.0 cm, capsule contact, and rich blood flow, were screened out. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of these risk factors should be conducted when designing individualized treatment regimens for PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Hai-Ying Tian
- Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Yu
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Dai-Wei Zhao
- Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, No. 206, South Section of Xintian. Avenue, Guiyang, 550004, China.
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, No. 1 Dongfeng Avenue, Wudang District, Guiyang, 550024, China.
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9
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Nechifor-Boilă A, Zahan A, Bănescu C, Moldovan V, Piciu D, Voidăzan S, Borda A. Impact of BRAFV600E Mutation on Event-Free Survival in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study in a Romanian Population. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4053. [PMID: 37627081 PMCID: PMC10452493 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of BRAFV600E mutation in a series of 127 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases as a single factor, and in synergic interaction with other standard risk factors. BRAFV600E mutation was assessed by real-time PCR. Event-free survival (EFS) was calculated between the date of the first evaluation and the date of occurrence of an adverse event or the date of the last known status. The prevalence of BRAFV600E mutation was 57.2%. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant reduction of EFS among cases harboring BRAFV600E mutation compared to non-mutated cases (p = 0.010). In addition, BRAFV600E mutation was found to better predict adverse outcomes when associated with the following risk factors: age ≥ 55 years old (p < 0.001), male gender (p < 0.001), conventional (p = 0.005) and tall cell (p = 0.014) histology, tumor size > 40 mm (p = 0.001), extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.001), multifocality (p = 0.001) and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, a 3.74-fold increased risk for a reduced EFS (p = 0.018) was found for BRAFV600E-mutated cases, but no increased risk was further confirmed by multivariate analysis. Our results highlight that BRAFV600E mutation cannot be used alone as an independent predictive factor in PTC patients, but is prognostically valuable if integrated in the context of other clinicopathological risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Nechifor-Boilă
- Department of Histology, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.Z.); (A.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Targu-Mures Clinical County Hospital, 28 First December 1918 Street, 540061 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ancuţa Zahan
- Department of Histology, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Claudia Bănescu
- Department of Genetics, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (C.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Valeriu Moldovan
- Department of Genetics, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (C.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Doina Piciu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, “Ion Chiricuţă” Institute of Oncology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Septimiu Voidăzan
- Department of Epidemiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Angela Borda
- Department of Histology, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.Z.); (A.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Targu-Mureș Emergency County Hospital, 50 Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
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10
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Wang X, Cao J, Du W, Ma W, Meng B, Cao S. Vemurafenib for BRAF V600-mutant Erdheim-Chester disease presenting with bilateral orbital involvement. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7780. [PMID: 37609641 PMCID: PMC10441175 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
ECD is considered to have rapid progression and poor prognosis. Studies have shown that vemurafenib is effective for ECD patients with orbital involvement, but not for ECD with multiple organs. The refinement of treatment approaches and the increased awareness of ECD have led to a dramatic improvement in prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
- Cancer Immunotherapy DepartmentTianjin Cancer Hospital Airport HospitalTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
| | - Jie Cao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
- Wake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Weijiao Du
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Department of BiotherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
| | - Wenchao Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear MedicineTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Bin Meng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Shui Cao
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Department of BiotherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
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11
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Sekino M, Iwadate M, Yamaya Y, Matsumoto Y, Suzuki S, Mizunuma H, Nakano K, Nakamura I, Suzuki S. Analysis of Expression of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and BRAFV600E Mutation in Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3449. [PMID: 37444559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In thyroid cancer, it has been suggested that PD-L1 overexpression is associated with some clinicopathological factors and prognosis. The aim of this study is to characterize the expression of PD-L1, the presence of the BRAFV600E mutation, as well as cellular and humoral immunity in thyroid cancer, and to investigate the factors that predict the effectiveness of anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy. Blood samples were collected from 33 patients who were newly diagnosed with thyroid cancer after surgery or biopsy. PD-L1 expression, BRAFV600E mutation, and CD8+ expression were examined by immunohistological staining using clinical thyroid cancer specimens. With a PD-L1 staining cut-off value of 1%, 13 (39.4%) patients were classified as PD-L1 positive. Stimulation Index (SI) is an indicator of T cell activation. PD-L1 expression was significantly correlated with low SI level (p = 0.046). Moreover, BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 24 of the 33 (72.7%) patients, and was significantly associated with PD-L1 expression (p = 0.047). In addition, enhanced CD8+ expression was significantly associated with PD-L1 expression (p = 0.003). Multivariate analyses confirmed that high CRP levels (p = 0.039) were independently and significantly associated with poor progression-free survival. These findings suggest that elevated PD-L1 status can be a prognostic indicator for survival in patients with thyroid cancer when comprehensively assessed using the expression of CD8+, the presence of BRAFV600E mutation and the patient's immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Sekino
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Manabu Iwadate
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yukie Yamaya
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Matsumoto
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizunuma
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Keiichi Nakano
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Izumi Nakamura
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shinichi Suzuki
- Department of Thyroid Treatment, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan
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12
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Rossi ED, Pantanowitz L. Typical "BRAFV600E-Like" Atypia in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Morphologic Sign of a Driver Mutation. Endocr Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12022-023-09765-1. [PMID: 37083883 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-023-09765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Diana Rossi
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Fondazione Policlinico "Agostino Gemelli"-IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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13
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Capogiri M, De Micheli AJ, Lassaletta A, Muñoz DP, Coppé JP, Mueller S, Guerreiro Stucklin AS. Response and resistance to BRAF V600E inhibition in gliomas: Roadblocks ahead? Front Oncol 2023; 12:1074726. [PMID: 36698391 PMCID: PMC9868954 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1074726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BRAFV600E represents the most common BRAF mutation in all human cancers. Among central nervous system (CNS) tumors, BRAFV600E is mostly found in pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGG, ~20%) and, less frequently, in pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG, 5-15%) and adult glioblastomas (GBM, ~5%). The integration of BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) in the treatment of patients with gliomas brought a paradigm shift to clinical care. However, not all patients benefit from treatment due to intrinsic or acquired resistance to BRAF inhibition. Defining predictors of response, as well as developing strategies to prevent resistance to BRAFi and overcome post-BRAFi tumor progression/rebound growth are some of the main challenges at present in the field. In this review, we outline current achievements and limitations of BRAF inhibition in gliomas, with a special focus on potential mechanisms of resistance. We discuss future directions of targeted therapy for BRAFV600E mutated gliomas, highlighting how insights into resistance to BRAFi could be leveraged to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Capogiri
- Department of Oncology and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea J. De Micheli
- Department of Oncology and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Lassaletta
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Denise P. Muñoz
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jean-Philippe Coppé
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sabine Mueller
- Department of Oncology and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ana S. Guerreiro Stucklin
- Department of Oncology and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Ana S. Guerreiro Stucklin,
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14
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Li Q, Yang L, Lv J, Xu L, Zhang M, Li S. The combination of BRAF V600E mutation and Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System is helpful in the management of AUS/FLUS thyroid nodules. Endocrine 2022; 78:507-516. [PMID: 36152114 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the utility of the BRAFV600E mutation in combination with the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS) in the management of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) thyroid nodule (TN). METHODS 138 AUS/FLUS TNs in 129 patients were included. Each TN underwent preoperative BRAFV600E mutation analysis and was classified using the C-TIRADS. Histopathologic diagnosis served as reference standard. RESULTS 46 benign TNs and 92 malignant TNs were identified. The C-TIRADS 4C and 5 (OR = 10.409, P = 0.000), BRAFV600E mutation (OR = 36.493, P = 0.000) were independent predictors of malignant nodules. There were significant differences in malignancy rate among the different C-TIRADS TNs (P = 0.000), and these TNs with higher C-TIRADS were associated with increased malignancy rate (P for trend = 0.000). The rate of the nodule with BRAFV600E mutation increased with the increase of C-TIRADS (P for trend = 0.001). For AUS/FLUS TNs without BRAFV600E mutation, the malignancy rates of the C-TIRADS 3, 4A, 4B, 4C, and 5 were 0%, 21.4%, 20.8%, 70.8%, and 100%, respectively (P = 0.000), and the malignancy rate increased from C-TIRADS 3 to C-TIRADS 5 (P for trend = 0.000). C-TIRADS and BRAFV600E mutation had similar diagnostic efficacy (P > 0.05), and the sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the combination were significantly higher than BRAFV600E gene or C-TIRADS alone (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS C-TIRADS can effectively provide risk stratification for AUS/FLUS nodules. The combination is helpful in selecting appropriate management for AUS/FLUS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghong Lv
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lilong Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Murui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiyan Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Zhang M, Gu J, Wang W, Wang K, Zheng L, Feng J, Shang J. Combined expression of the BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 in early papillary thyroid carcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathological features and recurrence-a retrospective cohort study. Gland Surg 2022; 11:1908-1923. [PMID: 36654945 PMCID: PMC9840988 DOI: 10.21037/gs-22-701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Identifying the high recurrence group of patients with early-stage papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the greatest challenge in the management of this disease. It has been noted that B-type Rafkinase (BRAF) V600E mutation and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are associated in PTC and highly expressed in PTC, correlating in PTC as potential prognostic biomarkers. However, whether they can be used to predict the aggressiveness and recurrence of early PTC remains unclear. Methods Clinicopathological data of 137 patients with early PTC [tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage I-II] who underwent surgery in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between 2008 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The median follow-up time was 136 months (interquartile range 5.8). The presence of tumor confirmed by imaging or pathology or lymph node metastasis was considered as tumor recurrence. The association of both alone and in combination with clinicopathological features and recurrence was statistically analyzed respectively. The risk of recurrence was assessed using Cox regression models. Results Most of the 137 early PTC were female (78.1%). The mean age was 43.2±12.1 years. The median tumor size was 1.4 cm; 14 patients developed recurrence during follow-up period; 56 patients (40.9%) were detected positive for BRAFV600E mutation; 76 patients (55.5%) were detected positive for PD-L1. Patients with both BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 expression had larger tumors (P=0.038), were more likely to have extrathyroidal invasion (P=0.045), and had a lower rate of cervical lymph node metastasis (P=0.046). The recurrence rate was 17.5% (7/40) in patients with BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 double expression compared to 8.9% (4/45) in patients with BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 double negative [hazard ratio (HR) =1.267; 95% CI: 0.841-1.909; P=0.257]. Survival curves showed flatter recurrence-free survival (RFS) curves in positive BRAFV600E mutation only and PD-L1 expression only, whereas decreased sharply in positive expression of both BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1; however, the differences were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions The combination of BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 to identify group at higher risk of recurrence in early PTC has insufficient clinical evidence and should be used with caution in the clinical management of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialei Gu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China;,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China;,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kejing Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China;,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linfeng Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinbiao Shang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China;,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Lu MD, Li H, Nie JH, Li S, Ye HS, Li TT, Wu ML, Liu J. Dual Inhibition of BRAF-MAPK and STAT3 Signaling Pathways in Resveratrol-Suppressed Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells with BRAF Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer is an extremely lethal malignancy without reliable treatment. BRAFV600E point mutation is common in ATCs, which leads to MAPK signaling activation and is regarded as a therapeutic target. Resveratrol inhibits ATC cell growth, while its impact on BRAF-MAPK signaling remains unknown. This study aims to address this issue by elucidating the statuses of BRAF-MAPK and STAT3 signaling activities in resveratrol-treated THJ-11T, THJ-16T, and THJ-21T ATC cells and Nthyori 3-1 thyroid epithelial cells. RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing revealed MKRN1-BRAF fusion mutation in THJ-16T, BRAF V600E point mutation in THJ-21T, and wild-type BRAF genes in THJ-11T and Nthyori 3-1 cells. Western blotting and immunocytochemical staining showed elevated pBRAF, pMEK, and pERK levels in THJ-16T and THJ-21T, but not in THJ-11T or Nthyori 3-1 cells. Calcein/PI, EdU, and TUNEL assays showed that compared with docetaxel and doxorubicin and MAPK-targeting dabrafenib and trametinib, resveratrol exerted more powerful inhibitory effects on mutant BRAF-harboring THJ-16T and THJ-21T cells, accompanied by reduced levels of MAPK pathway-associated proteins and pSTAT3. Trametinib- and dabrafenib-enhanced STAT3 activation was efficiently suppressed by resveratrol. In conclusion, resveratrol acts as dual BRAF-MAPK and STAT3 signaling inhibitor and a promising agent against ATCs with BRAF mutation.
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17
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Xie F, Yan L, Li YM, Lan Y, Xiao J, Zhang MB, Jin Z, Zhang Y, Tian XQ, Zhu YQ, Li ZP, Luo YK. Targeting Diagnosis of High-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using Ultrasound Contrast Agent With the BRAF V600E Mutation: An Experimental Study. J Ultrasound Med 2022; 41:2789-2802. [PMID: 35229905 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with BRAF mutation have lymph node and distant metastases and poor prognosis. Therefore, this study aims to develop a targeted ultrasound contrast agent for the BRAFV600E mutation to screen high-risk PTC at early stage. METHODS The targeted lipid nanobubbles carrying BRAFV600E antibody were prepared using thin film hydration-sonication and avidin-biotin binding methods. The physicochemical properties and stability of the targeted nanobubbles were detected by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The target binding abilities of the targeted nanobubbles in the PTC cells (B-CPAP) overexpressed mutant BRAFV600E were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and fluorescence microscopy. After PTC tumor models overexpressed mutant BRAFV600E were established, the enhanced images of targeted lipid nanobubbles and untargeted lipid nanobubbles on PTC tumors in nude mice were observed using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. RESULTS The targeted lipid nanobubbles revealed uniform, round morphology, and good stability with a nanoscale size. Besides, BRAFV600E monoclonal antibody was observed to be combined on the surface of lipid nanobubbles. Furthermore, the targeted nanobubbles had a good targeting diagnosis ability in PTC cells with BRAFV600E overexpression. Moreover, the targeted nanobubbles had better ultrasound enhancement and peak intensity of the time-intensity curve (P < .001) in PTC tumors with BRAFV600E overexpression as compared to the untargeted lipid nanobubbles. CONCLUSION The targeted lipid nanobubbles carrying BRAFV600E antibody could be regarded as a potential targeted ultrasound contrast agent for the diagnosis of high-risk PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Bo Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuang Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Li
- Pharmacology Research Department, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Kun Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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18
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Giles Şenyürek Y, İşcan Y, Sormaz İC, Poyrazoğlu Ş, Tunca F. The Role of American Thyroid Association Pediatric Thyroid Cancer Risk Stratification and BRAFV600E Mutation in Predicting the
Response to Treatment in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients ≤18 Years Old. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2022; 14:196-206. [PMID: 35135184 PMCID: PMC9176084 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2022.2021-10-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the role of risk stratification by the American Thyroid Association (ATA) pediatric thyroid cancer risk levels and BRAFV600E mutation to predict the response to treatment in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients ≤18 years old. METHODS Clinical outcomes during a median period of 6 (2-21.8) years were assessed in 70 patients, according to ATA pediatric risk stratification, BRAFV600E mutation status, and dynamic risk stratification (DRS) at final follow-up. RESULTS Of 70 patients, 44 (63%), 14 (20%), and 12 (17%) were classified initially as low-, intermediate-, and high-risk, respectively. BRAFV600E mutation analysis data was available in 55 (78.6%) patients, of whom 18 (32.7%) had the BRAFV600E mutation. According to the final DRS, 61 (87%), two (3%), six (9%), and one (1%) patients were classified as an excellent, incomplete biochemical, incomplete structural, and indeterminate response, respectively. All ATA low-risk patients showed excellent response to treatment, whereas the rate of excellent response was 65.4% in intermediate- and high-risk levels (p<0.001). The rates of excellent response in BRAFV600E positive and negative patients were 83% and 92%, respectively (p=0.339). The rate of locoregional recurrence was significantly higher in BRAFV600E positive vs negative patients (33.3% vs 2.7% respectively, p=0.001). CONCLUSION ATA pediatric risk stratification is effective in predicting response to treatment in PTC patients ≤18 years old. The presence of BRAFV600E mutation was highly predictive for recurrence but had no significant impact on the rate of excellent response to treatment at final follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Giles Şenyürek
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, İstanbul, Turkey,* Address for Correspondence: İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, İstanbul, Turkey Phone: +90 542 804 92 32 E-mail:
| | - Yalın İşcan
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Cem Sormaz
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şükran Poyrazoğlu
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Tunca
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, İstanbul, Turkey
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Zhang Z, Zhang X, Yin Y, Zhao S, Wang K, Shang M, Chen B, Wu X. Integrating BRAF V600E mutation, ultrasonic and clinicopathologic characteristics for predicting the risk of cervical central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:461. [PMID: 35473554 PMCID: PMC9044661 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09550-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The advantages of prophylactic central lymph node dissection (CLND) for clinically node-negative patients remained a great deal of controversies. Our research was aimed to analyze the relationship between cervical central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and BRAFV600E mutation, ultrasonic and clinicopathologic characterizes in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods and materials In current study, a total of 112 consecutive PTC patients who experienced thyroidectomy plus cervical central neck dissection were included in our research. All PTC were pre-operatively analyzed by ultrasonic features, including tumor size, multifocality or not, tumor location, internal components, echogenicity, microcalcification, margins, orientation, taller than wide shape, and internal vascularity. The presence of clinicopathologic factors, including age, sex, T stage, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and BRAFV600E mutation was then investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to check into the relationship between predictive factors and cervical CLNM in PTC patients, and then a predictive model was also established. Results Pathologically, 58.0% (65/112) of the PTC patients harbored cervical CLNM. Univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to identify age < 55 years, tumor size > 10 mm, microcalcification, non-concomitant Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and BRAFV600E mutation were predictive factors for cervical CLNM in PTC. The risk score for cervical CLNM in PTC patients was calculated: risk score = 1.284 × (if age < 55 years) + 1.241 × (if tumor size > 10 mm) + 1.143 × (if microcalcification) – 2.097 × (if concomitant Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) + 1.628 × (if BRAFV600E mutation). Conclusion Age < 55 years old, PTC > 10 mm, microcalcification, non-concomitant Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and BRAFV600E mutation are predictive factors for cervical CLNM. BRAFV600E mutation by pre-operative US-FNA technology synergized with clinicopathologic and ultrasonic features is expected to guide the appropriate surgical management for PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Yin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Shang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoding Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xincai Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China.
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Grenier-Chartrand F, Barrit S, Racu ML, Luce S, Spitaels J, Sadeghi-Meibodi N, Lebrun L, Salmon I, Lefranc F, De Witte O. Dabrafenib monotherapy for a recurrent BRAFV600E-mutated TTF-1-positive posterior pituitary tumor. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2022; 164:737-742. [PMID: 35029761 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-022-05109-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Posterior pituitary tumors (PPT) expressing thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) are extremely rare low-grade neoplasms. The recent discovery of BRAF mutations in these tumors offers a potential alternative treatment using targeted therapies. We present the case of a 57-year-old female with recurrent BRAFV600E-mutated TTF-1-positive PPT treated with a BRAF inhibitor monotherapy (dabrafenib) leading to tumor regression. After 18 months of uninterrupted treatment, ongoing radiological tumor regression was observed and the patient remained asymptomatic without any significant adverse event. BRAF inhibitor is potentially a valuable treatment option for recurrent TTF-1-positive PPT with BRAF mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavie Grenier-Chartrand
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070, Anderlecht, Belgium.
| | - Sami Barrit
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Marie Lucie Racu
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Luce
- Department of Oncology, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Julien Spitaels
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | | | - Laetitia Lebrun
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Salmon
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Witte
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070, Anderlecht, Belgium
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Du J, Han R, Chen C, Ma X, Shen Y, Chen J, Li F. Diagnostic Efficacy of Ultrasound, Cytology, and BRAF V600E Mutation Analysis and Their Combined Use in Thyroid Nodule Screening for Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:746776. [PMID: 35047385 PMCID: PMC8761628 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.746776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ultrasound, cytology, and BRAFV600E mutation analysis were applied as valuable tools in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the three methods and their combined use in screening for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Methods A total of 1,081 patients with 1,157 thyroid nodules (0.5–1 cm in maximum diameter) classified as thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) 4–5 were recruited. All patients underwent ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) examination, and an additional BRAFV600E mutation test. TIRADS and Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) were adopted to judge the ultrasound and cytological results. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established to assess the diagnostic values of different methods. Results Of the 1,157 nodules, 587 were benign and 570 were PTMCs. BRAFV600E mutation test had highest sensitivity (85.4%), specificity (97.1%), accuracy (91.4%), and area under the ROC curve (Az) value (0.913) among the three methods. The combination of BSRTC and BRAFV600E mutation analysis yielded a considerably high sensitivity (96.0%), accuracy (94.3%), and negative predictive value (95.9%) than either BSRTC or BRAFV600E mutation alone (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Of all the methods, the combined use of the three methods produced the best diagnostic performance (Az = 0.967), which was significantly higher than that (Az = 0.943) for the combination of BSRTC and BRAFV600E mutation (P < 0.0001). The diagnostic accuracy of the molecular method in the 121 nodules with indeterminate cytology was 90.1% (109/121), which was significantly higher than that of TIRADS classification, 74.4% (90/121) (P = 0.002). Conclusion The combined use of ultrasound, cytology, and BRAFV600E mutation analysis is the most efficient and objective method for diagnosing PTMC. Both BRAFV600E mutation and TIRADS classification are potentially useful adjuncts to differentiate thyroid nodules, especially indeterminate samples classified as BSRTC III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Du
- Department of Ultrasound, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijun Han
- Department of Ultrasound, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Xu J, Ding K, Mu L, Huang J, Ye F, Peng Y, Guo C, Ren C. Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A "Double-Edged Sword" in Thyroid Carcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:801925. [PMID: 35282434 PMCID: PMC8907134 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.801925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) has been increasing dramatically over the past decades. We investigated the relationship between HT and TC. METHODS We followed the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines for carrying out and reporting this meta-analysis. The literature from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020, regardless of region and publication type, was searched comprehensively in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. After careful selection and data extraction, the pooled odds ratio of various clinical characteristics in 39 studies were calculated. Publication bias was analyzed using funnel plots. RESULTS Meta-analysis of 39 original research articles showed HT to be a risk factor of TC (pooled odds ratio = 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.57-1.80; p < 0.00001) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (1.67, 1.51-1.85, <0.00001). Patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) combined with HT were more likely to have multifocal carcinomas. The prevalence of an extrathyroidal extension, metastasis, BRAFV600E mutation, and recurrence was significantly lower in patients with PTC combined with HT. CONCLUSIONS HT is a "double-edged sword" in TC patients. HT increases the risk of TC and PTC but is a protective factor against PTC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyue Xu
- Department of General Surgery Thyroid Specialty, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan Mu
- Department of General Surgery Thyroid Specialty, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangsheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery Thyroid Specialty, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of General Surgery Thyroid Specialty, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of General Surgery Thyroid Specialty, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Guo
- Department of General Surgery Thyroid Specialty, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chutong Ren
- Department of General Surgery Thyroid Specialty, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Chutong Ren,
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Bogdanova T, Chernyshov S, Zurnadzhy L, Rogounovitch TI, Mitsutake N, Tronko M, Ito M, Bolgov M, Masiuk S, Yamashita S, Saenko VA. The high degree of similarity in histopathological and clinical characteristics between radiogenic and sporadic papillary thyroid microcarcinomas in young patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:970682. [PMID: 36060986 PMCID: PMC9437286 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.970682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential overtreatment of patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (MPTC) has been an important clinical problem in endocrine oncology over the past decade. At the same time, current clinical guidelines tend to consider prior radiation exposure as a contraindication to less extensive surgery, even for low-risk thyroid carcinomas, which primarily include microcarcinomas. This study aims to determine whether there are differences in the behavior of MPTC of two etiological forms (radiogenic and sporadic), including invasive properties, clinical data, and recurrence in patients aged up to 30 years. For this purpose, 136 radiogenic (from patients aged up to 18 years at the time of the Chornobyl accident) and 83 sporadic (from patients born after the Chornobyl accident) MPTCs were selected and compared using univariate and multivariate statistical methods in a whole group and in age and tumor size subgroups. No evidence of more aggressive clinical and histopathological behavior of radiogenic MPTCs as compared to sporadic tumors for basic structural, invasive characteristics, treatment options, and postoperative follow-up results was found. Moreover, radiogenic MPTCs were characterized by the lower frequencies of oncocytic changes (OR = 0.392, p = 0.004), nodal disease (OR = 0.509, p = 0.050), and more frequent complete remission (excellent response) after radioiodine therapy (OR = 9.174, p = 0.008). These results strongly suggest that internal irradiation does not affect tumor phenotype, does not associate with more pronounced invasive properties, and does not worsen prognosis in pediatric or young adult patients with MPTC, implying that radiation history may be not a pivotal factor for determining treatment strategy in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Bogdanova
- Laboratory of Morphology of Endocrine System, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Serhii Chernyshov
- Department of Surgery of Endocrine Glands, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Liudmyla Zurnadzhy
- Laboratory of Morphology of Endocrine System, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tatiana I. Rogounovitch
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Norisato Mitsutake
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mykola Tronko
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Problems of Endocrinology, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Japan
| | - Michael Bolgov
- Department of Surgery of Endocrine Glands, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergii Masiuk
- Radiation Protection Laboratory, State Institution “National Research Center of Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Shunichi Yamashita
- Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Vladimir A. Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Vladimir A. Saenko,
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Huang S, Qi M, Tian T, Dai H, Tang Y, Huang R. Positive BRAFV600E mutation of primary tumor influences radioiodine avidity but not prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer with lung metastases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:959089. [PMID: 36407316 PMCID: PMC9666419 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.959089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the relationship between BRAFV600E mutation of the primary tumor and radioiodine avidity in lung metastases (LMs) and then further evaluated the impact of BRAFV600E mutation and radioiodine avidity status on the prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with LMs. METHODS Ninety-four PTC patients with LMs after total thyroidectomy and cervical lymph node dissection between January 2012 and September 2021 were retrospectively included. All patients received BRAFV600E mutation examination of primary tumors and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. The therapeutic response was evaluated by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) assessments (version 1.1). For patients with target lesions, the response was divided into complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD); for patients without target lesions, the response was divided into CR, non-CR/non-PD, and PD. In therapeutic response, PR and SD were classified as non-CR/non-PD for analysis. The chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the impact factor on PD and mortality. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) curves were constructed by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS It was found that 21.2% (7/33) of patients with positive BRAFV600E mutation and 62.3% (38/61) of patients with negative BRAFV600E mutation had radioiodine-avid LMs (χ2 = 14.484, p = 0.000). Patients with positive BRAFV600E mutation are more likely to lose radioiodine avidity; the odds ratios (ORs) were 5.323 (95% CI: 1.953-14.514, p = 0.001). Finally, 25 patients had PD, and six patients died; loss of radioiodine avidity was the independent predictor for PD, and the ORs were 10.207 (95% CI: 2.629-39.643, p = 0.001); BRAFV600E mutation status was not correlated with PD (p = 0.602), whether in the radioiodine avidity group (p = 1.000) or the non-radioiodine avidity group (p = 0.867). Similarly, BRAFV600E mutation status was not correlated with mortality; only loss of radioiodine avidity was the unfavorable factor associated with mortality in univariate analyses (p = 0.030). CONCLUSION Patients with LMs of PTC were more likely to lose radioiodine avidity when their primary tumor had positive BRAFV600E mutation; however, only radioiodine avidity and not BRAFV600E mutation status affected the clinical outcome of patients with lung metastatic PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengfang Qi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyuan Dai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Huang, ; Yuan Tang,
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Huang, ; Yuan Tang,
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Bogdanova T, Chernyshov S, Zurnadzhy L, Rogounovitch TI, Mitsutake N, Tronko M, Ito M, Bolgov M, Masiuk S, Yamashita S, Saenko VA. The relationship of the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment results of post-Chornobyl papillary thyroid microcarcinomas with the latency period and radiation exposure. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1078258. [PMID: 36589808 PMCID: PMC9796818 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1078258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A worldwide increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer during the last decades is largely due to papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (MPTCs), which are mostly low-risk tumors. In view of recent clinical recommendations to reduce the extent of surgery for low-risk thyroid cancer, and persisting uncertainty about the impact of radiation history, we set out to address whether clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of post-Chornobyl MPTCs were changing with regard to: i) the latency period, ii) probability of causation (POC) of a tumor due to radiation, and iii) tumor size. METHODS Patients (n = 465) aged up to 50 years at diagnosis who lived in April, 1986 in six northern, most radiocontaminated regions of Ukraine were studied. RESULTS Latency period was statistically significantly associated with the reduction of POC level, tumor size and the frequency of fully encapsulated MPTCs. In contrast, the frequency of oncocytic changes and the BRAFV600E mutation increased. Invasive properties and clinical follow-up results did not depend on latency except for a lower frequency of complete remission after postsurgical radioiodine therapy. The POC level was associated with more frequent extrathyroidal extension, and lymphatic/vascular invasion, less frequent oncocytic changes and BRAFV600E , and did not associate with any clinical indicator. Tumor size was negatively associated with the latency period and BRAFV600E , and had a statistically significant effect on invasive properties of MPTCs: both the integrative invasiveness score and its components such as lymphatic/vascular invasion, extrathyroidal extension and lymph node metastases increased. The frequency of total thyroidectomy, neck lymph node dissection and radioiodine therapy also increased with the larger tumor size. The duration of the latency period, POC level or tumor size did not associate with the chance of disease recurrence. DISCUSSION In summary, we did not observe overall worsening of the clinicopathological features or treatment results of radiogenic MPTCs that could be associated with the latency period or POC level, suggesting that radiation history did not strongly affect those in the analyzed MPTC patients. However, the increase in the invasive properties with tumor size indicates the need for individual risk stratification for each MPTC patient, regardless of radiation history, for treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Bogdanova
- Laboratory of Morphology of Endocrine System, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Serhii Chernyshov
- Department of Surgery of Endocrine Glands, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Liudmyla Zurnadzhy
- Laboratory of Morphology of Endocrine System, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tatiana I. Rogounovitch
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Norisato Mitsutake
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mykola Tronko
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Problems of Endocrinology, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Japan
| | - Michael Bolgov
- Department of Surgery of Endocrine Glands, State Institution “VP Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergii Masiuk
- Radiation Protection Laboratory, State Institution “National Research Center of Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Shunichi Yamashita
- Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Vladimir A. Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Vladimir A. Saenko,
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Chen H, Song A, Wang Y, He Y, Tong J, Di J, Li C, Zhou Z, Cai X, Zhong D, Da J. BRAF V600E mutation test on fine-needle aspiration specimens of thyroid nodules: Clinical correlations for 4600 patients. Cancer Med 2021; 11:40-49. [PMID: 34851044 PMCID: PMC8704181 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The BRAFV600E mutation is valuable for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, studies related to this mutation have involved only a small number of patients. Therefore, we performed a large‐scale analysis from a single institute to evaluate the accuracy of combined fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and BRAFV600E mutation tests for PTC diagnosis. Methods A total of 4600 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent both FNA cytology and BRAFV600E mutation analysis on FNA specimens were enrolled. The association between the BRAFV600E mutation and clinicopathological features was analyzed. A separate analysis was performed for the 311 patients who underwent repeated FNA for comparison of cytological evaluation and BRAFV600E mutation results. The diagnostic efficacy of the BRAFV600E mutation test and cytologic diagnoses was evaluated for 516 patients who underwent preoperative FNA tests in comparison with conclusive postoperative histopathologic results. Results The cytology results of all 4600 FNA samples were categorized according to The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology (TBSRTC) stages I–VI, which accounted for 11.76%, 60.02%, 6.46%, 3.61%, 6.71%, and 11.43% of the samples, respectively. The BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 762 (16.57%) FNA samples, with rates of 1.48%, 0.87%, 20.20%, 3.01%, 66.02%, and 87.81% for TBSRTC I–VI lesions, respectively. Among the 311 repeat FNA cases, 81.0% of the BRAFV600E‐positive and 4.3% of the BRAFV600E‐negative specimens with an initial indication of cytological non‐malignancy were ultimately diagnosed as malignant by repeat FNA (p < 0.001). Among the 516 patients who underwent thyroidectomy, the sensitivity and specificity of the BRAFV600E mutation test alone for PTC diagnosis were 76.71% and 100.0%, respectively, which increased to 96.62% and 88.03%, respectively, when combining the BRAFV600E mutation test with cytology. BRAFV600E mutation was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001), but not with age, gender, or tumor size. Conclusions The BRAFV600E mutation test in FNA samples has potential to reduce false negatives in PTC diagnosis, and therefore plays an important role in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules, especially those with an indeterminate or nondiagnostic cytology, which should be considered for repeat FNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aiping Song
- Department of Pathology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Pathology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan He
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jie Tong
- Department of Pathology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxi Di
- Department of Pathology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Pathology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongren Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopin Cai
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Dingrong Zhong
- Department of Pathology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiping Da
- Department of Pathology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hosptial, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
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Nakao T, Matsuse M, Saenko V, Rogounovitch T, Tanaka A, Suzuki K, Higuchi M, Sasai H, Sano T, Hirokawa M, Miyauchi A, Kawakami A, Mitsutake N. Preoperative detection of the TERT promoter mutations in papillary thyroid carcinomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2021; 95:790-799. [PMID: 34322882 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERT-p) mutations are strongly associated with tumour aggressiveness and worse prognosis in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). Since the TERT-p mutations have been reported to be subclonal, it is unclear how accurately they can be detected by preoperative fine-needle aspiration (FNA). The objective of this study was to analyse the concordance rate of the TERT-p mutations between preoperative FNA and corresponding postoperative surgical specimens. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Ninety-six cases of PTC aged 55 years or older were studied. The mutational status of TERT-p was detected by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS The mutational status of the TERT-p in FNA samples was highly concordant with that in postoperative formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. The TERT-p mutation was significantly associated with age, tumour size, extrathyroidal extension and the Ki-67 labelling index in multivariate analysis in both FNA and FFPE samples. CONCLUSIONS The detection of the TERT-p mutations using FNA samples has a good ability to predict disease aggressiveness and, therefore, could be clinically useful in the determination of PTC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoe Nakao
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Michiko Matsuse
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Vladimir Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tatiana Rogounovitch
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Aya Tanaka
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miyoko Higuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kuma Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hisanori Sasai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kuma Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kuma Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Akira Miyauchi
- Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Norisato Mitsutake
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Liu S, Jiao B, Li S, Zhao L, Zheng W, Wang K, Xu J, Tian Y, Liu C, Gui Z, Zhang L. Oestrogen receptor alpha in papillary thyroid carcinoma: association with clinical features and BRAFV600E mutation. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2021; 51:1051-1058. [PMID: 33893504 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyab058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer cells can express oestrogen receptor alpha, which is encoded by the ESR1 gene and may bind to oestrogen to induce the occurrence and development of papillary thyroid cancer. The BRAFV600E mutation is also an important biomarker for the occurrence and progression of papillary thyroid cancer. However, the association between the BRAFV600E mutation and oestrogen receptor alpha expression has not been identified. This study aims to investigate the association between ESR1 expression and the BRAFV600E mutation and its clinical significance. METHODS Oestrogen receptor alpha and BRAFV600E proteins were detected by immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded thyroid tissues from 1105 patients with papillary thyroid cancer at our institution. Messenger RNA expression counts of ESR1 and clinicopathologic information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. RESULTS Oestrogen receptor alpha protein expression was significantly associated with BRAFV600E protein. The positive rate of oestrogen receptor alpha protein in papillary thyroid cancer patients was significantly higher in males, younger patients and patients with the multifocal type. In papillary thyroid cancer patients with positive BRAFV600E protein, oestrogen receptor alpha expression was significantly correlated with central lymph node metastasis. Data from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database also suggested that the ESR1 messenger RNA level was associated with the BRAFV600E mutation. Furthermore, classification analysis performed according to a tree-based classification method demonstrated that higher ESR1 messenger RNA expression indicated poorer overall survival in papillary thyroid cancer patients with the BRAFV600E mutation. CONCLUSIONS The percentage of BRAFV600E mutations is increased in patients with higher ESR1 messenger RNA levels, and the BRAFV600E protein might be co-expressed with oestrogen receptor alpha, which could be an indicator of cervical lymph node metastasis and poor overall survival in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihong Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenguang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengwei Gui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Suzuki M, Moriya S, Kobayashi S, Nishijima Y, Fujii T, Ikota H, Yokoo H, Saio M. Computer-assisted image analysis of cytological specimens clarify the correlation between nuclear size and intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions regardless of BRAFV600E mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cytopathology 2021; 32:718-731. [PMID: 34159645 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The morphological features of nuclei in cytological and histological specimens were compared and examined for the presence of BRAFV600E mutation and the appearance rate of intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions (NI). METHODS BRAFV600E mutation was identified using a mutation-specific antibody (clone; VE1) in 103 thyroid papillary carcinoma cases at Gunma University Hospital. The nuclear area, perimeter, and roundness of the corresponding cytological specimens and haematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens were analysed using image analysis software, and the appearance rate of NI was calculated and compared. RESULTS BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 71 (69%) cases. The appearance rate of NI was significantly higher in the BRAFV600E mutation-positive group in cytological and histological specimens (P = .0070 and .0184, respectively). Significant differences were observed between the BRAFV600E mutation-negative and -positive groups in the average nuclear area and average nuclear perimeter in cytological specimens (P = .0137 and .0152, respectively). In addition, nuclear enlargement was correlated with the appearance rate of NI regardless of the presence of BRAFV600E mutation in cytological specimens. In the BRAFV600E mutation-negative group, the nuclear area and perimeter were significantly smaller in the lymph node metastasis-positive cases (P = .0182 and .0260, respectively). CONCLUSION This study found that the appearance rate of NI was positively correlated with the nuclear area and perimeter and negatively correlated with nuclear roundness in cytological specimens. Furthermore, these results were observed regardless of the existence of BRAFV600E mutation. These results have never been previously reported and clearly demonstrate the usefulness of cytological specimens in computer-assisted image analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Suzuki
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shunichi Moriya
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nishijima
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hayato Ikota
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yokoo
- Department of Human Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masanao Saio
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
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30
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Jiang J, Gao J, Wang G, Lv J, Chen W, Ben J, Wang R. Case Report: Vemurafenib Treatment in Brain Metastases of BRAFS365L -Mutant Lung Papillary Cancer by Genetic Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulating Tumor DNA Detection. Front Oncol 2021; 11:688200. [PMID: 34178685 PMCID: PMC8226071 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF mutations, primarily sensitizing mutations, such as BRAFV600E, have been proven to response to the BRAF inhibitor, Dabrafenib combined with trametinib therapy, but there have been no data demonstrating that it has activity against NSCLC-related brain metastases (BM). How patients harboring BRAFS365L mutation (a rare mutation following BRAFV600E-inhibitor treatment) in NSCLC is unknown. Vemurafenib, another BRAF inhibitor, can reverse the resistance that develops with the BRAFS365L mutation following dabrafenib combined with trametentinib treatment in melanoma, but none has been reported in NSCLC. Lung papillary cancer, as a rare typing, occupies about 4% of NSCLC. Hence, we reported the first case of a patient with BM of lung papillary carcinoma harboring a BRAFV600E mutation who benefited from dabrafenib combined with trametinib, and following the development of the BRAFS365L mutation, vemurafenib remained an effective therapeutic option. Moreover, we found that the next-generation sequencing (NGS) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may potentially provide more accurate information about intracranial lesions than ctDNA in the blood serum, which will be a better detection method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Jiang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.,The Key Laboratory of Biomarker High Throughput Screening and Target Translation of Breast and Gastrointestinal Tumor, Dalian, China
| | - Jinqi Gao
- Department of Intervention, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinyan Lv
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Ben
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.,The Key Laboratory of Biomarker High Throughput Screening and Target Translation of Breast and Gastrointestinal Tumor, Dalian, China
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Grbčić P, Fučkar Čupić D, Gamberi T, Kraljević Pavelić S, Sedić M. Proteomic Profiling of BRAFV600E Mutant Colon Cancer Cells Reveals the Involvement of Nucleophosmin/c-Myc Axis in Modulating the Response and Resistance to BRAF Inhibition by Vemurafenib. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126174. [PMID: 34201061 PMCID: PMC8228139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAFV600E mutations are found in approximately 10% of colorectal cancer patients and are associated with worse prognosis and poor outcomes with systemic therapies. The aim of this study was to identify novel druggable features of BRAFV600E-mutated colon cancer (CC) cells associated with the response and resistance to BRAFV600E inhibitor vemurafenib. Towards this aim, we carried out global proteomic profiling of BRAFV600E mutant vs. KRAS mutant/BRAF wild-type and double wild-type KRAS/BRAF CC cells followed by bioinformatics analyses. Validation of selected proteomic features was performed by immunohistochemistry and in silico using the TCGA database. We reveal an increased abundance and activity of nucleophosmin (NPM1) in BRAFV600E-mutated CC in vitro, in silico and in tumor tissues from colon adenocarcinoma patients and demonstrate the roles of NPM1 and its interaction partner c-Myc in conveying the resistance to vemurafenib. Pharmacological inhibition of NPM1 effectively restored the sensitivity of vemurafenib-resistant BRAF-mutated CC cells by down-regulating c-Myc expression and activity and consequently suppressing its transcriptional targets RanBP1 and phosphoserine phosphatase that regulate centrosome duplication and serine biosynthesis, respectively. Altogether, findings from this study suggest that the NPM1/c-Myc axis could represent a promising therapeutic target to thwart resistance to vemurafenib in BRAF-mutated CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Grbčić
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Dora Fučkar Čupić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Ul. Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Tania Gamberi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche Mario Serio, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | | | - Mirela Sedić
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-51-584-574
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Choi YS, Choi SW, Yi JW. Prospective Analysis of TERT Promoter Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma at a Single Institution. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2179. [PMID: 34070093 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has the highest cancer incidence in Korea. It is known that some thyroid cancers have aggressive clinical behavior and a poor prognosis. Genomic studies have described some somatic mutations that are related to the aggressive features of thyroid cancer, such as the BRAFV600E mutation. Recently, TERT promoter mutations were identified and reported as poor prognostic factors in PTC. Our aim was to identify the frequency and clinical impact of TERT promoter mutation in PTC. Methods: Analysis of both BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations in thyroidectomy specimens began in February 2019. As of December 2020, 622 patients had been tested. Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed to ascertain clinical and pathologic variables. Results: TERT promoter mutations were identified in 13 patients (2.09%); 12 had the C228T mutation, and one had the C216T mutation. In total, ten patients had the BRAFV600E mutation. TERT promoter mutation was significantly associated with advanced age (46.795 ± 12.616 versus 65.692 ± 13.628 years, p < 0.001), large tumor size (1.006 ± 0.829 versus 2.285 ± 1.938 cm, p = 0.035), extrathyroidal extension, surgical margin involvement, angioinvasion, BRAFV600E mutation and advanced TNM stage, a higher MACIS score and a high proportion of radioactive iodine therapy application. Logistic regression showed that lymphatic and angioinvasion and BRAFV600E mutation were predictive of TERT promoter mutation. Conclusions: Our study is the first to report the prospective results of TERT promoter mutations at a single tertiary hospital in Incheon, Korea. PTC with TERT promoter mutation was associated with more aggressive behavior than PTC with wild-type TERT gene status.
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Yao K, Duan Z, Du Z, Fan X, Qu Y, Zhang M, Wang Y, Liu H, Sun L, Qi X. PRKCA D463H Mutation in Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle: A Cohort of 16 Cases, Including Two Cases Harboring BRAFV600E Mutation. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 79:1183-1192. [PMID: 33085976 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordoid gliomas (CG) of the third ventricle are characterized by chordoid and glial features, but the extent of histological variations across CG is not fully understood. Herein, we report 16 consecutive cases of CG. All 16 patients had histories of headache and vision loss; their median age was 41.7 years at the surgery. Histological examination revealed typical features of CG, including cords of epithelioid cells within the mucinous stroma and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Two cases exhibited atypical histological features including histiocyte-like cells. PRKCA mutation was found in 14 cases, including the 2 with histiocytic features. BRAFV600E mutation was found only in the 2 cases with histiocytic features. The patients underwent gross total tumor resection without radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Three patients died between 1 and 4 months postsurgery. Only one had a recurrence. Eleven were alive at the most recent follow-up (range: 2-58 months). These data indicate that PRKCA mutation was a good diagnostic marker for CG and additionally suggest that histiocyte-like features can be present in CG in association with BRAF mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yao
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zejun Duan
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,The Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zunguo Du
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Brain Development, School of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University
| | - Yanming Qu
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Mingshan Zhang
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,The Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Liu
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital (301 Hospital)
| | - Lingyan Sun
- The Department of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Shanghai Ackermann Medical Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueling Qi
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Sun K, Zhou X, Li T, Zuo M, Li J, Liu Y. Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of epithelioid glioblastoma. Neurosurg Rev 2021; 44:3335-3348. [PMID: 33598819 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-021-01492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epithelioid glioblastoma is a new variant of glioblastoma that has been recently recognized in the 2016 WHO classification of brain tumors. Given the rarity of epithelioid glioblastoma, the clinical characteristics, pathological features, radiological findings, and treatment outcomes are still not well characterized. Therefore, we identified eighty-four epithelioid glioblastoma cases to investigate these characteristics and identify the possible prognostic factors of survival. There were 55 male and 29 female patients with a mean age of 33.6 years. Headache (77.3%) was the most common clinical symptom, and other common symptoms included nausea or vomiting (34%), dizziness (20.5%), seizures (13.6%), and limb weakness (13.6%). Most lesions (88.1%) were located in cerebral lobes, especially in the frontal lobe and temporal lobe. One hundred percent of the patients were IDH1 wild-type (75/75) and INI-1 positive (58/58), and 57.3% (47/82) of patients harbored BRAFV600E mutation. The median overall survival (OS) of all patients was 10.5 months. Patients who received chemotherapy (p = 0.006) or radiotherapy (p = 0.022) had a longer survival than patients who did not. In addition, the K-M curve showed that the BRAFV600E mutation status was not associated with survival (p = 0.724). These findings may assist clinicians with better understanding and management of epithelioid glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xingwang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mingrong Zuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Junhong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Siraj AK, Parvathareddy SK, Pratheeshkumar P, Divya SP, Al-Sobhi SS, Al-Dayel F, Al-Kuraya KS. PD-L1 Is an Independent Prognostic Marker in Middle Eastern PTC and Its Expression Is Upregulated by BRAFV600E Mutation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030555. [PMID: 33535609 PMCID: PMC7867170 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study was conducted to investigate the prognostic significance of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in a large cohort of Middle Eastern papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients and to explore the correlation of PD-L1 and BRAFV600E mutations in PTC tumors and cell lines. We found PD-L1 over-expression in PTC patients and it was significantly associated with aggressive clinico-pathological parameters and BRAF mutation. PTC patients with co-existing PD-L1 over-expression and BRAF mutation had a poor disease-free survival. In vitro studies showed that BRAF inhibition induces PD-L1 expression in BRAF-mutated PTC cell lines via mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) pathway activation. Silencing of PD-L1 in BRAF-mutated cell lines significantly attenuated cell growth. Our data suggest that PD-L1 could represent a useful prognostic marker for risk stratification in Middle Eastern PTC and that a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 inhibitor could be a potential therapeutic option for aggressive PTC cancers, such as the tall cell variant, BRAF mutation-positive patients that are unresponsive to standard PTC treatment. Abstract PD-L1 inhibition is a promising therapeutic target whose efficacy has been demonstrated in several cancers. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess PD-L1 protein expression in PTC. We further conducted in vitro analysis to investigate the role of PD-L1 in regulating BRAFV600E in PTC cell lines. PD-L1 over-expression was noted in 32.4% (473/1458) of cases and significantly associated with aggressive clinico-pathological parameters. Importantly, PD-L1 was found to be an independent poorer prognostic marker. We also found PD-L1 to be significantly associated with BRAF mutation and patients with co-existing PD-L1 over-expression and BRAF mutation had a poor disease-free survival compared to patients with BRAF mutation alone. In vitro analysis showed high expression of PD-L1 in BRAF-mutated PTC cell lines compared to a BRAF wild-type cell line. Inhibition of BRAF using vemurafenib induced PD-L1 expression in BRAF-mutated cell lines without affecting cell growth. Knockdown of PD-L1 in BRAF-mutated cell lines significantly decreased the cell growth and induced apoptosis. Our data suggest that PD-L1 might represent a useful prognostic marker in Middle Eastern PTC and PD-L1 inhibition could be a potential therapeutic option for aggressive PTC cancers, such as the tall cell variant, BRAF mutation-positive patients that are unresponsive to standard treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul K. Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.P.); (S.P.D.)
| | - Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.P.); (S.P.D.)
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.P.); (S.P.D.)
| | - Sasidharan Padmaja Divya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.P.); (S.P.D.)
| | - Saif S. Al-Sobhi
- Department of Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.P.); (S.P.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-11-205-5167
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Li L, Li H, Zhang J, Gao X, Jin H, Liu R, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Wang X, Qu P, Zhao Y, Lu X. Bisphenol A at a human exposed level can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in papillary thyroid carcinoma harbouring BRAF V600E mutation. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1739-1749. [PMID: 33469997 PMCID: PMC7875916 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemical, alters the function of endocrine system and enhances the susceptibility to tumorigenesis in several hormone-dependent tumours as thyroid carcinoma. About 50% of papillary thyroid cancers (PTC), the most common type of thyroid malignancy, harbours the BRAFV600E mutation. This study aimed to investigate a potential combined effect of BPA exposure and BRAFV600E mutation on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PTC. Firstly, the level of BPA in plasma, the evaluation of BRAFV600E mutation and the level of EMT-related proteins in PTC samples were individually determined. Additionally, the migration, invasion, colony formation capacity and the expression of EMT-related proteins after exposure to BPA were precisely analysed in vitro thyroid cells genetically modified by the introduction of BRAFV600E mutation. Moreover, ERK-Cox2 signalling pathway was also introduced to explore the possible mechanism in PTC development. As expected, whether the clinical investigation or cultured thyroid cells demonstrated that BPA at a concentration compatible with human exposed levels (10-7 M) synergized with the BRAFV600E mutation promoted EMT via the activation of ERK-Cox2 signalling pathway. Our findings offer some evidence that BPA as an environmental risk factor can facilitate the progression of PTC harbouring BRAFV600E mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuli Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University/Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Jin
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, China
| | - Renqi Liu
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xichang Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuejiao Zhao
- Department of head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University/Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Chung R, Guan H, Ponchiardi C, Cerda S, Marwaha N, Yilmaz OH, Pinjic E, McAneny D, Lee SL, Drake FT. Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features: Epidemiology and Long-Term Outcomes in a Strictly Defined Cohort. Thyroid 2021; 31:68-75. [PMID: 32539676 PMCID: PMC8098764 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: A subset of encapsulated/circumscribed follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) was reclassified as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) in 2016 to reduce overtreatment of a low-risk tumor. Study objectives were to describe the epidemiology and long-term outcomes of NIFTP in a high-volume, urban, tertiary referral center. Methods: Among patients enrolled in the Boston Medical Center (BMC) Thyroid Cancer Registry, 110 cases of FVPTC underwent index thyroid surgery at BMC between 2000 and 2016. Historically, BMC pathologists assess all malignant nodules using sections ≤0.3 cm with evaluation of the entire nodule and capsule. After review of pathology reports to identify potential NIFTPs, slides were rereviewed using criteria established by the NIFTP Working Group in 2016 and 2018. We evaluated interobserver reliability using Cohen's Kappa coefficient. Results: Among 110 FVPTCs, 15 (13%) met NIFTP criteria; 11 women and 4 men, age range 31-64 (mean 47.5) years. Mean tumor diameter was 1.7 cm (compared with 2.2 cm for FVPTC). Among NIFTP cases, there were no lymph node metastases, distant metastases, or tumor recurrences. All NIFTP cases were American Thyroid Association (ATA) low risk compared with only 68% of FVPTC (p = 0.011). Among FVPTCs, 14% had positive lymph nodes at index operation. Four patients (4%) had distant metastases. Mean follow-up time was 46 and 69 months for FVPTC and NIFTP, respectively. Among FVPTCs with an excellent response to therapy (2015 ATA guidelines), there were no recurrences. Just over half (n = 8) of patients with NIFTP received postoperative radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Concordance between pathologists was high for ruling out NIFTP (75%), but only 36% for ruling in NIFTP. Overall, for NIFTP designation, Cohen's Kappa was 0.39, which is considered fair. Conclusions: Although this is a relatively small cohort, all NIFTP specimens underwent updated pathology review consistent with current guidelines; mean follow-up was nearly 6 years. NIFTP represents a small fraction of the total papillary neoplasia diagnosed at this tertiary referral center (2.3%). None of the NIFTP cohort experienced an adverse oncologic event, and there were no regional or distant metastases. Over 50% of patients with NIFTP received RAI. Thus, the NIFTP reclassification may substantially reduce the number of patients who require adjuvant therapies, such as completion surgery or RAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainjade Chung
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Haixia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes, and Weight Management, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Sandra Cerda
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nitin Marwaha
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Osman H. Yilmaz
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emma Pinjic
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David McAneny
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Lee
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes, and Weight Management, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Frederick Thurston Drake
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Address correspondence to: Frederick Thurston Drake, MD, MPH, Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Samà MT, Grosso E, Mele C, Laurora S, Monzeglio O, Marzullo P, Boldorini R, Aluffi Valletti P, Aimaretti G, Scatolini M, Pagano L. Molecular characterisation and clinical correlation of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Endocrine 2021; 71:149-157. [PMID: 32621051 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (mPTC) is defined as a papillary thyroid cancer sized 10 mm or less. Despite their generally indolent clinical course and good prognosis, a subset of mPTCs shows potentially aggressive behaviour. METHODS To search for predictors of clinical outcome of mPTCs, we retrospectively evaluated the genetic tumour profile of 100 patients (23 M/77 F, mean age ± SD 53.8 ± 13.4 years) with histologically confirmed mPTCs through analysis of BRAF, NRAS and TERT promoter mutations as well as RET/PTC translocations. RESULTS Mean follow-up period was 8.4 ± 3.6 years. In 55 cases, mPTC were detected incidentally after surgery. Capsular invasion, bilateralism and multifocality were found in 11/100, 17/100 and 24/100 cases, respectively, while lymph-nodes metastases were present at diagnosis in 9/100 cases. After 3.5 ± 2.0 years, tumour relapse occurred in 6/100 cases and was locoregional in five (two in the thyroid bed, three in laterocervical lymph-nodes), while lung metastasis occurred in one case. Biochemical persistence of disease was seen in 1/100 case. Mutations occurred in 55/100 cases; BRAFV600E was the most frequently detected (49/100) and was associated with higher tumour size, bilateralism and follicular variant but not with capsular invasion. RET/PTC rearrangements were found in 2/100 cases, NRASQ61R in 4/100, while no mutations of TERT promoter gene were detected. Despite the observed association between BRAFV600E mutation and unfavourable histopathological features, we found no direct association with tumour recurrence, distant metastases and mortality. CONCLUSION In our study, the search for the most frequent genetic alterations as prognostic markers in mPTCs would not have changed the therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Samà
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
| | - Enrico Grosso
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, Ponderano, Biella, Italy
| | - Chiara Mele
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Division of General Medicine, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Verbania, Italy
| | - Sara Laurora
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, Ponderano, Biella, Italy
| | - Oriana Monzeglio
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Marzullo
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Division of General Medicine, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, Verbania, Italy
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Pathology Department, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Aluffi Valletti
- ENT Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aimaretti
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Scatolini
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, Ponderano, Biella, Italy
| | - Loredana Pagano
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
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Huijberts SC, van Geel RM, Bernards R, Beijnen JH, Steeghs N. Encorafenib, binimetinib and cetuximab combined therapy for patients with BRAFV600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer. Future Oncol 2020; 16:161-173. [PMID: 32027186 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 10-15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) harbor an activating BRAF mutation, leading to tumor growth promotion by activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway. BRAFV600E mutations are prognostic for treatment failure after first-line systemic therapy in the metastatic setting. In contrast to the efficacy of combined BRAF and MEK inhibition in melanoma, BRAFV600E mutant CRC is intrinsically unresponsive due to upregulation of HER/EGFR. However, combining the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab, the BRAF inhibitor encorafenib and the MEK inhibitor binimetinib improves overall survival. This review discusses the current treatment field for patients with BRAFV600E mutant metastatic CRC and summarizes the pharmacology, efficacy and safety of the novel doublet and triplet therapies consisting of encorafenib and cetuximab with or without binimetinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Cfa Huijberts
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Mjm van Geel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, 6229 HX, The Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rene Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands.,Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 TC, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands.,Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 TC, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje Steeghs
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands.,Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
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Zhu Y, Wu H, Huang B, Shen X, Cai G, Gu X. BRAFV600E mutation combined with American College of Radiology thyroid imaging report and data system significantly changes surgical resection rate and risk of malignancy in thyroid cytopathology practice. Gland Surg 2020; 9:1674-1684. [PMID: 33224845 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Ultrasonography patterns and molecular testing may assist in stratifying the malignancy risk of indeterminate cytology diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in combination with American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) and BRAFV600E mutation in differentiating high-risk thyroid nodules. Methods From February 2010 to February 2014, 2,643 consecutive thyroid nodules from 2,399 patients (688 men and 1,711 women; mean age, 44.3±12.5 years) who underwent preoperative FNA biopsies were enrolled. The Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine has adopted TI-RADS stratification and BRAFV600E mutation analysis as a routine procedure to assist in evaluating FNA cytopathology since January 2016. From February 2017 to July 2018, 1,905 thyroid nodules of 1,837 patients (501 men and 1,336 women, 49.5±12.8 years) who underwent preoperative ultrasound-guided FNA biopsies with BRAFV600E mutation analysis and ACR TI-RADS grading data available were enrolled for comparison in this study. Results The cancer risk in nodules with BRAFV600E mutation was 99.7% (905/908) according to the histological findings. The risk of malignancy (ROM) was found to increase with advancing ACR TI-RADS category. High-risk ultrasound features (TI-RADS 5) did show a good performance in predicting malignancy (98.1%). The combination of TI-RADS 5 and BRAFV600E mutation reached the best diagnostic efficiency [sensitivity 97.7%, specificity 94.8%, positive predictive value (PPV) 99.6%]. It is apparent that after the implementation of ACR TI-RADS and the BRAFV600E mutation analysis, the resection rates (RRs) of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) I and III categories showed significant decreases (39.1% vs. 21.6% and 36.1% vs. 16.7%, respectively). In contrast, the risks of malignancy of TBSRTC I and III categories indicated substantial increases (41.5% vs. 80.0% and 34.6% vs. 50.0%, respectively). The ROM of thyroid nodules with nondiagnostic (ND, I) category showed the most significant increase of 41.5% to 80.0%. Conclusions ACR TI-RADS, together with BRAFV600E mutation and cytological diagnoses, can assist in improving the prediction of malignancy of thyroid nodules, especially in the TBSRTC I and III categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Hongxun Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Botao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Pathology, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Gangming Cai
- Clinical Molecular Biology Laboratory, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Gu
- Clinical Molecular Biology Laboratory, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
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Appay R, Pages M, Colin C, Jones DTW, Varlet P, Figarella-Branger D. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor: a double misnomer? A report of two cases. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:95. [PMID: 32605662 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00978-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) was introduced, for the first time, as a provisional entity in the 2016 WHO classification of central nervous system tumors. DLGNT mainly occur in children and characterized by a widespread leptomeningeal growth occasionally associated with intraspinal tumor nodules, an oligodendroglial-like cytology, glioneuronal differentiation and MAP-Kinase activation associated with either solitary 1p deletion or 1p/19q codeletion in the absence of IDH mutation. We report here two unexpected DLGNTs adult cases, characterized by a unique supratentorial circumscribed intraparenchymal tumor without leptomeningeal involvement in spite of long follow-up. In both cases, the diagnosis of DLGNT was made after DNA-methylation profiling which demonstrated that one case belonged to the DLGNT class whereas the other remained not classifiable but showed on CNV the characteristic genetic findings recorded in DLGNT. Both cases harbored 1p/19q codeletion associated with KIAA1549:BRAF fusion in one case and with BRAF V600E and PIK3CA E545A mutations, in the other. Our study enlarges the clinical and molecular spectrum of DLGNTs, and points out that the terminology of DLGNTs is not fully appropriate since some cases could have neither diffuse growth nor leptomeningeal dissemination. This suggests that DLGNTs encompass a wide spectrum of tumors that has yet to be fully clarified.
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Chen J, Li XL, Zhang YF, Wang D, Wang Q, Zhao CK, Li MX, Wei Q, Ji G, Xu HX. Ultrasound validation of predictive model for central cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer on BRAF. Future Oncol 2020; 16:1607-1618. [PMID: 32501726 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the value of predictive power of the models for central cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). Patients & methods: 220 PTCs were prospectively enrolled into the study with pathological examination. We established a new risk model with univariate and multivariate analyses and receiver-operating characteristic curves were plotted. Z-test was performed to compare the area under two curves and validated the predictive model for central CLNM in PTCs. The comparison of previous and new predictive model was analyzed. Results: Microcalcification, capsule contact or involvement, internal flow and BRAFV600E mutation were four independent risk factors for PTCs with central CLNMs. The area under the curves for the new and the previous model were 0.948 and 0.934 (p = 0.572), respectively. Conclusion: Two predictive models showed strong consistency in predicting central CLNM in PTCs. The predictive model may be helpful in selecting appropriate treatment method in PTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research & Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Disease, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research & Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Disease, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Yi-Feng Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research & Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Disease, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research & Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Disease, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research & Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Disease, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Chong-Ke Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research & Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Disease, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Ming-Xu Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research & Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Disease, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Guo Ji
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Hui-Xiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research & Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Disease, Shanghai 200072, PR China
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Li GY, Tan HL, Chen P, Hu HY, Liu M, Ou-Yang DJ, Khushbu RA, Pun D, Li JD, Zhang ZP, Yang Q, Huang P, Chang S. Predictive Factors for Level V Lymph Node Metastases in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with BRAFV600E Mutation and Clinicopathological Features. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:3371-3378. [PMID: 32494201 PMCID: PMC7231772 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s247914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic lateral neck dissection (LND) is recommended in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with clinically lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM), whether underwent level V LND remains controversial for lacking of sensitive predicting system. BRAFV600E mutation is associated with aggressive tumor behavior, recurrence, and disease-specific mortality of PTC. However, the relationship between BRAFV600E mutation and level V LNM is unclear. Methods Univariate and multivariate analyses were retrospectively conducted on the potential predictive factors of 252 PTC patients who underwent initial treatment of neck lymph node dissection from September 2015 to October 2018 in our institute. BRAFV600E mutation and the clinicopathological characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results LLNM was presented in 208 (82.5%) patients and level II-V LNM was present in 42.8%, 71.2%, 85.1%, 17.8% patients, respectively. BRAFV600E mutation was observed in 188 (74.6%) patients and was significantly associated with patients' age, lymphocytic thyroiditis, capsule invasion, bilateral central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and level V LNM in PTC. Univariate analysis revealed that lymphocytic thyroiditis, tumor size, number of CLNM, Level II LNM, Level III LNM, simultaneous Level II+III, simultaneous Level III+IV and simultaneous Level II+III+IV were significantly correlated with Level V LNM. In addition, multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size ≥2.5 cm, number of CLNM≥3, level II metastases and BRAFV600E mutation were independent Level V LNM predictors (odds ratio 3.910, 3.660, 8.410, 0.439; 95% CI 1.737-10.135, 1.054-12.713, 1.233-57.355, 0.280-0.827, respectively). Conclusion In summary, we presented several independent predictive factors for level V LNM in PTC patients. We constructed a risk prediction model consisting of tumor size ≥2.5 cm, number of CLNM≥3 and level II metastases and BRAFV600E mutation that may guide surgeons to evaluate the nodal status in PTC and perform tailored therapeutic LND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-You Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Long Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yu Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mian Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng-Jie Ou-Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rooh-Afza Khushbu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Deepak Pun
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Dong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Pamedytyte D, Simanaviciene V, Dauksiene D, Leipute E, Zvirbliene A, Sarauskas V, Dauksa A, Verkauskiene R, Zilaitiene B. Association of MicroRNA Expression and BRAF V600E Mutation with Recurrence of Thyroid Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E625. [PMID: 32316638 PMCID: PMC7226510 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many miRNAs and cancer-related mutations have been proposed as promising molecular markers of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, there are limited data on the correlation between miRNA expression, BRAFV600E mutation, and PTC recurrence. Therefore, to evaluate the potential of BRAFV600E mutation and five selected miRNAs (-146b, -222, -21, -221, -181b) in predicting PTC recurrence, these molecular markers were analyzed in 400 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded PTC tissue specimens. The expression levels of miRNAs were measured using qRT-PCR. It was demonstrated that expression levels of all analyzed miRNAs are significantly higher in recurrent PTC than in non-recurrent PTC (p < 0.05). Moreover, higher expression levels of miR-146b, miR-222, miR-21, and miR-221 were associated with other clinicopathologic features of PTC, such as tumor size and lymph node metastases at initial surgery (p < 0.05). No significant differences in the frequency of BRAFV600E mutation in recurrent PTC and non-recurrent PTC were determined. Our results suggest that miRNA expression profile differs in PTC that is prone to recurrence when compared to PTC that does not reoccur after the initial surgery while BRAFV600E mutation frequency does not reflect the PTC recurrence status. However, the prognostic value of the analyzed miRNAs is rather limited in individual cases as the pattern of miRNA expression is highly overlapping between recurrent and non-recurrent PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Pamedytyte
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT- 10257, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vaida Simanaviciene
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT- 10257, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Dauksiene
- Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Eiveniu str. 2, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Enrika Leipute
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT- 10257, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aurelija Zvirbliene
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT- 10257, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Valdas Sarauskas
- Department of Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Eiveniu str. 2, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Albertas Dauksa
- Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Eiveniu str. 2, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Verkauskiene
- Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Eiveniu str. 2, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Birute Zilaitiene
- Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Eiveniu str. 2, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Abstract
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare but increasingly recognized multi-system disorder. Its diagnosis and treatment require integration of clinical information, imaging studies, and pathology studies. Of note, ECD can now be defined as a clonal myeloid disorder due to mutations which activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and where an inflammatory milieu is important in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of the disease. Biopsy demonstrating characteristic histopathologic features in addition to clinical and radiographic features, most often sclerosing long bone involvement, is required to establish a diagnosis. Detection of somatic MAPK pathway mutations can also assist in the differential diagnosis of ECD and related histiocytic neoplasms. Also, genetic analysis establishing BRAF and RAS mutational status is critical in all ECD patients, as these features will impact therapy with MAPK inhibition. Therapy is recommended at diagnosis in all patients, except for those patients with minimally symptomatic disease. Prospective therapeutic trials are essential to furthering therapeutic progress in ECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Starkebaum
- University of Washington, Division of Rheumatology, 1959 NE Pacific St., Box 356428, Seattle, WA, 98195-6428, USA.
| | - Paul Hendrie
- Division of Hematology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Box 358081, Seattle, WA, 98195-6428, USA.
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Yang Z, Zhao S, Zhou J, Lei S, Hu Z. Erdheim-Chester disease: a case treated with IFN-α monitored using plasma and urine cell-free DNA. Immunotherapy 2020; 12:379-387. [PMID: 32290742 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2019-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare form of non-Langerhans histiocytosis. A 40-year-old woman was diagnosed as Erdheim-Chester disease based on typical bone scintigraphy, symmetric osteosclerosis and findings of foamy, non-Langerhans histiocytes in bone marrow. BRAFV600E mutation was detected in a bone biopsy. Treatment with IFN-α showed significant improvement. The BRAFV600E mutant was detected in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) by a droplet-digital PCR assay. Longitudinal analysis of BRAFV600E in plasma cfDNA showed a decreasing trend during treatment. We could not detect the mutant in urinary cfDNA. While, similar studies have detected the BRAFV600E mutant in urine, but not in plasma. A combination of allele burden assessments in plasma and urine may be helpful for detecting the residual mutant burden and monitoring therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Department of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China, 610041
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China 610041
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China, 610041
| | - Song Lei
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China 610041
| | - Zhangxue Hu
- Department of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China, 610041
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Salvianti F, Massi D, De Giorgi V, Gori A, Pazzagli M, Pinzani P. Evaluation of the liquid biopsy for the detection of BRAFV600E mutation in metastatic melanoma patients. Cancer Biomark 2020; 26:271-279. [PMID: 31524142 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating cell free DNA (ccfDNA) represent a liquid biopsy of a tumor allowing real time disease monitoring especially in advanced stages of cancer, but their analysis is technically challenging. OBJECTIVE We aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of two different technical approaches to detect the BRAFV600E mutation in the liquid biopsy of 20 metastatic melanoma patients by using both the enriched CTC fraction and circulating ccfDNA from the same blood sample. METHODS We detected CTCs by a filtration method in 20 metastatic melanoma patients and detected the BRAFV600E variant on CTCs and ccfDNA by an allele-specific qPCR assay; the mutated samples were confirmed by ICE-COLD PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS We found CTCs in 70% of the samples, and identified the BRAFV600E variant on CTCs. We correlated the results with those obtained on ccfDNA from the same blood draw. We found some discordant results between CTCs and ccfDNA. CONCLUSIONS Our results underline the importance of investigating both CTCs and ccfDNA in a liquid biopsy approach to melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Salvianti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Massi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Health Sciences (DSS), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Giorgi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences (DSS), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Gori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences (DSS), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Pazzagli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Italy
| | - Pamela Pinzani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Italy
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Chen B, Zhang Z, Wang K, Shang M, Zhao S, Ding W, Du R, Yu Z, Xu X. Association of BRAFV600E mutation with ultrasonographic features and clinicopathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A retrospective study of 116 cases. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 73:545-552. [PMID: 31306113 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of BRAFV600E mutation with ultrasonographic (US) features and clinicopathologic characteristics in Chinese patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). METHODS AND MATERIALS We retrospectively reviewed 116 consecutive Chinese patients with PTMC diagnosed by postoperative pathology. The incidence of the BRAFV600E mutation was calculated. The US features and clinicopathologic characteristics were compared between BRAF-positive and BRAF-negative patients. RESULTS The BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 60.3% of patients (70 of 116). Multifocality (OR: 3.681, P = 0.031), non-parallel orientation (OR: 3.181, P = 0.041) and lymph node metastasis (OR: 4.615, P = 0.009) were significantly associated with BRAFV600E mutation. Other US and clinicopathologic characteristics were not significantly related to the presence of BRAF mutation. CONCLUSION Multifocality, non-parallel orientation and cervical lymph node metastasis are risk factors for BRAFV600E mutation in PTMC. These factors potentially guide treatment planning or prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoding Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Keke Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengyuan Shang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenbo Ding
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Du
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhuan Yu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Huijberts S, Wang L, de Oliveira RL, Rosing H, Nuijen B, Beijnen J, Bernards R, Schellens J, Wilgenhof S. Vorinostat in patients with resistant BRAFV600E mutated advanced melanoma: a proof of concept study. Future Oncol 2020; 16:619-629. [PMID: 32125175 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical benefit of treatment with BRAF- and MEK-inhibitors in melanoma is limited due to resistance associated with emerging secondary mutations. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that short-term treatment with the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat can eliminate cells harboring these secondary mutations causing resistance. This proof of concept study is to determine the efficacy of sequential treatment with vorinostat and BRAFi/MEKi in resistant BRAFV600E mutant melanoma. The primary aim is demonstrating anti-tumor response of progressive lesions according to RECIST 1.1. Secondary end points are to determine that emerging resistant clones with a secondary mutation in the MAPK pathway can be detected in circulating tumor DNA and purged by short-term vorinostat treatment. Exploratory end points include pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenetic analyses (NCT02836548).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Huijberts
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liqin Wang
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Leite de Oliveira
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Nuijen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Beijnen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rene Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Schellens
- Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sofie Wilgenhof
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Williamson T, Mendes TB, Joe N, Cerutti JM, Riggins GJ. Mebendazole inhibits tumor growth and prevents lung metastasis in models of advanced thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2020; 27:123-136. [PMID: 31846433 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The most common thyroid malignancy is papillary thyroid cancer. While a majority respond to therapy and have a favorable prognosis, some papillary thyroid cancers persist. This subset may dedifferentiate to anaplastic thyroid cancer, an aggressive, highly invasive and rapidly fatal cancer. Thyroid cancer patients at risk for disease progression and metastasis need earlier, safer and more effective therapies. The purpose of this translational study was to determine if mebendazole could be repurposed to effectively treat thyroid cancer, in particular before metastasis. In vitro, mebendazole potently inhibited the growth of a panel of human papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. In papillary (B-CPAP) and anaplastic (8505c) cell lines, mebendazole increased the percentage of cells in G2/M cell cycle arrest and induced late stage apoptosis by activation of the caspase-3 pathway. In aggressive 8505c cells, mebendazole significantly repressed migratory and invasive potential in a wound healing and transwell invasion assay and inhibited expression of phosphorylated Akt and Stat3 and reduced Gli1. In vivo, mebendazole treatment resulted in significant orthotopic thyroid tumor regression (B-CPAP) and growth arrest (8505c), with treated tumors displaying reduced expression of the proliferation maker KI67 and less vascular epithelium as indicated by CD31+ immunohistochemistry. Most importantly, daily oral mebendazole prevented established thyroid tumors from metastasizing to the lung. Given the low toxicity and published anticancer mechanisms of mebendazole, this novel preclinical study of mebendazole in thyroid cancer has promising therapeutic implications for patients with treatment refractory papillary or anaplastic thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Williamson
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thais Biude Mendes
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalie Joe
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Janete M Cerutti
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gregory J Riggins
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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