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Vivisenco IC, Lescaie A, Dragomirescu A, Ioniță IC, Florescu I, Ciocea B, Grama AR, Crăciun MD, Chivu CD, Ulmeanu CE, Nițescu VG. Neurological Manifestations of Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pediatric Patients: A 3-Year Study on Differences between Pandemic Waves. Viruses 2024; 16:967. [PMID: 38932259 PMCID: PMC11209294 DOI: 10.3390/v16060967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the neurological manifestation profiles of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection across pandemic waves in pediatric patients. The study collected data on patients aged between 0 and 18 years, diagnosed with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, admitted to a pediatric tertiary hospital between 1 March 2020 and 28 February 2023. This study included 1677 patients. Neurological manifestations were noted in 10% (n = 168) of patients with a median age of 3.2 years (interquartile range: 1-11.92). Neurological manifestations were significantly associated with the pandemic waves (p = 0.006) and age groups (p < 0.001). Seizures were noted in 4.2% of cases and reached an increasing frequency over time (p = 0.001), but were not associated with age groups. Febrile seizures accounted for the majority of seizures. Headache was reported in 2.6% of cases and had similar frequencies across the pandemic waves and age groups. Muscular involvement was noted in 2% of cases, reached a decreasing frequency over time (p < 0.001), and showed different frequencies among the age groups. Neurological manifestations of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit distinct patterns, depending on the pandemic wave and patient age group. The Wuhan and Omicron waves involved the nervous system more often than the other waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Cristina Vivisenco
- Discipline of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Road, 010221 Bucharest, Romania; (I.C.V.); (A.R.G.); (C.E.U.); (V.G.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (A.D.); (I.C.I.)
| | - Andreea Lescaie
- Discipline of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Road, 010221 Bucharest, Romania; (I.C.V.); (A.R.G.); (C.E.U.); (V.G.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (A.D.); (I.C.I.)
| | - Ana Dragomirescu
- Department of Pediatrics, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (A.D.); (I.C.I.)
| | - Ioana Cătălina Ioniță
- Department of Pediatrics, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (A.D.); (I.C.I.)
| | - Irina Florescu
- Department of Neurology, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (I.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Bogdan Ciocea
- Department of Neurology, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (I.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Andreea Rodica Grama
- Discipline of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Road, 010221 Bucharest, Romania; (I.C.V.); (A.R.G.); (C.E.U.); (V.G.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (A.D.); (I.C.I.)
| | - Maria-Dorina Crăciun
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Road, 010221 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-D.C.); (C.-D.C.)
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen-Daniela Chivu
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Road, 010221 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-D.C.); (C.-D.C.)
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coriolan Emil Ulmeanu
- Discipline of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Road, 010221 Bucharest, Romania; (I.C.V.); (A.R.G.); (C.E.U.); (V.G.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (A.D.); (I.C.I.)
| | - Viorela Gabriela Nițescu
- Discipline of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Road, 010221 Bucharest, Romania; (I.C.V.); (A.R.G.); (C.E.U.); (V.G.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 30-32 Iancu de Hunedoara Road, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (A.D.); (I.C.I.)
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Francoeur C, Alcamo AM, Robertson CL, Wainwright MS, Roa JD, Lovett ME, Stulce C, Yacoub M, Potera RM, Zivick E, Holloway A, Nagpal A, Wellnitz K, Even KM, Brunow de Carvalho W, Rodriguez IS, Schwartz SP, Walker TC, Campos-Miño S, Dervan LA, Geneslaw AS, Sewell TB, Pryce P, Silver WG, Lin JE, Vargas WS, Topjian A, McGuire JL, Domínguez Rojas JA, Tasayco-Muñoz J, Hong SJ, Muller WJ, Doerfler M, Williams CN, Drury K, Bhagat D, Nelson A, Price D, Dapul H, Santos L, Kahoud R, Appavu B, Guilliams KP, Agner SC, Walson KH, Rasmussen L, Pal R, Janas A, Ferrazzano P, Farias-Moeller R, Snooks KC, Chang CCH, Iolster T, Erklauer JC, Jorro Baron F, Wassmer E, Yoong M, Jardine M, Mohammad Z, Deep A, Kendirli T, Lidsky K, Dallefeld S, Flockton H, Agrawal S, Siruguppa KS, Waak M, Gutiérrez-Mata A, Butt W, Bogantes-Ledezma S, Sevilla-Acosta F, Umaña-Calderón A, Ulate-Campos A, Yock-Corrales A, Talisa VB, Kanthimathinathan HK, Schober ME, Fink EL. Severe Pediatric Neurological Manifestations With SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C Hospitalization and New Morbidity. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2414122. [PMID: 38857050 PMCID: PMC11165382 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Neurological manifestations during acute SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) are common in hospitalized patients younger than 18 years and may increase risk of new neurocognitive or functional morbidity. Objective To assess the association of severe neurological manifestations during a SARS-CoV-2-related hospital admission with new neurocognitive or functional morbidities at discharge. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study from 46 centers in 10 countries included patients younger than 18 years who were hospitalized for acute SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C between January 2, 2020, and July 31, 2021. Exposure Severe neurological manifestations, which included acute encephalopathy, seizures or status epilepticus, meningitis or encephalitis, sympathetic storming or dysautonomia, cardiac arrest, coma, delirium, and stroke. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was new neurocognitive (based on the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category scale) and/or functional (based on the Functional Status Scale) morbidity at hospital discharge. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association of severe neurological manifestations with new morbidity in each SARS-CoV-2-related condition. Results Overall, 3568 patients younger than 18 years (median age, 8 years [IQR, 1-14 years]; 54.3% male) were included in this study. Most (2980 [83.5%]) had acute SARS-CoV-2; the remainder (588 [16.5%]) had MIS-C. Among the patients with acute SARS-CoV-2, 536 (18.0%) had a severe neurological manifestation during hospitalization, as did 146 patients with MIS-C (24.8%). Among survivors with acute SARS-CoV-2, those with severe neurological manifestations were more likely to have new neurocognitive or functional morbidity at hospital discharge compared with those without severe neurological manifestations (27.7% [n = 142] vs 14.6% [n = 356]; P < .001). For survivors with MIS-C, 28.0% (n = 39) with severe neurological manifestations had new neurocognitive and/or functional morbidity at hospital discharge compared with 15.5% (n = 68) of those without severe neurological manifestations (P = .002). When adjusting for risk factors in those with severe neurological manifestations, both patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 (odds ratio, 1.85 [95% CI, 1.27-2.70]; P = .001) and those with MIS-C (odds ratio, 2.18 [95% CI, 1.22-3.89]; P = .009) had higher odds of having new neurocognitive and/or functional morbidity at hospital discharge. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this study suggest that children and adolescents with acute SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C and severe neurological manifestations may be at high risk for long-term impairment and may benefit from screening and early intervention to assist recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conall Francoeur
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alicia M. Alcamo
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Courtney L. Robertson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark S. Wainwright
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle
| | - Juan D. Roa
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marlina E. Lovett
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Casey Stulce
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mais Yacoub
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Children’s Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Renee M. Potera
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Elizabeth Zivick
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Adrian Holloway
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore
| | - Ashish Nagpal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Oklahoma Children’s Hospital at Oklahoma University Health, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City
| | - Kari Wellnitz
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City
| | - Katelyn M. Even
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey
| | | | | | - Stephanie P. Schwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Hospitals, Chapel Hill
| | - Tracie C. Walker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Hospitals, Chapel Hill
| | | | - Leslie A. Dervan
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Andrew S. Geneslaw
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Taylor B. Sewell
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Patrice Pryce
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Wendy G. Silver
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jieru E. Lin
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Wendy S. Vargas
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alexis Topjian
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Jennifer L. McGuire
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Jesus Angel Domínguez Rojas
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Emergencia Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru
| | - Jaime Tasayco-Muñoz
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Emergencia Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru
| | - Sue J. Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William J. Muller
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Matthew Doerfler
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cydni N. Williams
- Pediatric Critical Care and Neurotrauma Recovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Kurt Drury
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Dhristie Bhagat
- Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Health, New York
| | - Aaron Nelson
- Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Health, New York
| | - Dana Price
- Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Health, New York
| | - Heda Dapul
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hassenfeld Children’s Hospital, New York University Langone Health, New York
| | - Laura Santos
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hassenfeld Children’s Hospital, New York University Langone Health, New York
| | - Robert Kahoud
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brian Appavu
- Division of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, The University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Phoenix
| | - Kristin P. Guilliams
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Shannon C. Agner
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Karen H. Walson
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lindsey Rasmussen
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Standford University Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, Stanford, California
| | - Ria Pal
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anna Janas
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Standford University Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, Stanford, California
| | - Peter Ferrazzano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison
| | - Raquel Farias-Moeller
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Kellie C. Snooks
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Chung-Chou H. Chang
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tomás Iolster
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jennifer C. Erklauer
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston
| | - Facundo Jorro Baron
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizade, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangeline Wassmer
- Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Aston Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Yoong
- Department of Neurology, Royal London Children’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Jardine
- Pediatric Critical Care Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Zoha Mohammad
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Akash Deep
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tanil Kendirli
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Karen Lidsky
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Wolfson Children’s Hospital, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - Helen Flockton
- Paediatric Critical Care Unit, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shruti Agrawal
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Krishna Sumanth Siruguppa
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco
- Fresno Medical Education and Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno
- Department of Pediatrics, Community Medical Centers, Fresno, California
| | - Michaela Waak
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alfonso Gutiérrez-Mata
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera National Children’s Hospital, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Warwick Butt
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sixto Bogantes-Ledezma
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera National Children’s Hospital, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Andres Umaña-Calderón
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera National Children’s Hospital, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Adriana Ulate-Campos
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera National Children’s Hospital, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Adriana Yock-Corrales
- Department of Emergency Service, Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera National Children’s Hospital, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Victor Brodzik Talisa
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hari Krishnan Kanthimathinathan
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle E. Schober
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Ericka L. Fink
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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3
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Fink EL, Robertson CL, Wainwright MS, Roa JD, Lovett ME, Stulce C, Yacoub M, Potera RM, Zivick E, Holloway A, Nagpal A, Wellnitz K, Czech T, Even KM, Brunow de Carvalho W, Rodriguez IS, Schwartz SP, Walker TC, Campos-Miño S, Dervan LA, Geneslaw AS, Sewell TB, Pryce P, Silver WG, Lin JE, Vargas WS, Topjian A, Alcamo AM, McGuire JL, Domínguez Rojas JA, Muñoz JT, Hong SJ, Muller WJ, Doerfler M, Williams CN, Drury K, Bhagat D, Nelson A, Price D, Dapul H, Santos L, Kahoud R, Francoeur C, Appavu B, Guilliams KP, Agner SC, Walson KH, Rasmussen L, Janas A, Ferrazzano P, Farias-Moeller R, Snooks KC, Chang CCH, Yun J, Schober ME. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Neurologic Manifestations in Hospitalized Children Diagnosed with Acute SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C. Pediatr Neurol 2022; 128:33-44. [PMID: 35066369 PMCID: PMC8713420 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our objective was to characterize the frequency, early impact, and risk factors for neurological manifestations in hospitalized children with acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). METHODS Multicenter, cross-sectional study of neurological manifestations in children aged <18 years hospitalized with positive SARS-CoV-2 test or clinical diagnosis of a SARS-CoV-2-related condition between January 2020 and April 2021. Multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors for neurological manifestations was performed. RESULTS Of 1493 children, 1278 (86%) were diagnosed with acute SARS-CoV-2 and 215 (14%) with MIS-C. Overall, 44% of the cohort (40% acute SARS-CoV-2 and 66% MIS-C) had at least one neurological manifestation. The most common neurological findings in children with acute SARS-CoV-2 and MIS-C diagnosis were headache (16% and 47%) and acute encephalopathy (15% and 22%), both P < 0.05. Children with neurological manifestations were more likely to require intensive care unit (ICU) care (51% vs 22%), P < 0.001. In multivariable logistic regression, children with neurological manifestations were older (odds ratio [OR] 1.1 and 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07 to 1.13) and more likely to have MIS-C versus acute SARS-CoV-2 (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.45 to 3.24), pre-existing neurological and metabolic conditions (OR 3.48, 95% CI 2.37 to 5.15; and OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.66, respectively), and pharyngeal (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.64) or abdominal pain (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.00); all P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS In this multicenter study, 44% of children hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2-related conditions experienced neurological manifestations, which were associated with ICU admission and pre-existing neurological condition. Posthospital assessment for, and support of, functional impairment and neuroprotective strategies are vitally needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ericka L Fink
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Courtney L Robertson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, and Pediatrics of The Johns Hopkins University SOM, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark S Wainwright
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Juan D Roa
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia and Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marlina E Lovett
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Casey Stulce
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mais Yacoub
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, UMC Children's Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Renee M Potera
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Elizabeth Zivick
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Adrian Holloway
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ashish Nagpal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Oklahoma Children's Hospital at OU health, Oklahoma University College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kari Wellnitz
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Theresa Czech
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Katelyn M Even
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Stephanie P Schwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Hospitals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Tracie C Walker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Hospitals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Leslie A Dervan
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Andrew S Geneslaw
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Taylor B Sewell
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Patrice Pryce
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Wendy G Silver
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jieru Egeria Lin
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Wendy S Vargas
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alexis Topjian
- Division of Critical Care Medicine at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alicia M Alcamo
- Division of Critical Care Medicine at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer L McGuire
- Division of Neurology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jesus Angel Domínguez Rojas
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Emergencia Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru
| | - Jaime Tasayco Muñoz
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Emergencia Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru
| | - Sue J Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William J Muller
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Matthew Doerfler
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cydni N Williams
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics Pediatric Critical Care and Neurotrauma Recovery Program Portland, Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon
| | - Kurt Drury
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Dhristie Bhagat
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Aaron Nelson
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Dana Price
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Heda Dapul
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Laura Santos
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Robert Kahoud
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Conall Francoeur
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brian Appavu
- Division of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Kristin P Guilliams
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Shannon C Agner
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Karen H Walson
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lindsey Rasmussen
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Anna Janas
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Peter Ferrazzano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Raquel Farias-Moeller
- Division Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kellie C Snooks
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Chung-Chou H Chang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - James Yun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michelle E Schober
- Division of Critical Care of the University of Utah, Department of Pediatrics, Salt Lake City, Utah
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4
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Le TT, Gutiérrez-Sacristán A, Son J, Hong C, South AM, Beaulieu-Jones BK, Loh NHW, Luo Y, Morris M, Ngiam KY, Patel LP, Samayamuthu MJ, Schriver E, Tan ALM, Moore J, Cai T, Omenn GS, Avillach P, Kohane IS, Visweswaran S, Mowery DL, Xia Z. Multinational characterization of neurological phenotypes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20238. [PMID: 34642371 PMCID: PMC8510999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological complications worsen outcomes in COVID-19. To define the prevalence of neurological conditions among hospitalized patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test in geographically diverse multinational populations during early pandemic, we used electronic health records (EHR) from 338 participating hospitals across 6 countries and 3 continents (January-September 2020) for a cross-sectional analysis. We assessed the frequency of International Classification of Disease code of neurological conditions by countries, healthcare systems, time before and after admission for COVID-19 and COVID-19 severity. Among 35,177 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, there was an increase in the proportion with disorders of consciousness (5.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.7-7.8%, pFDR < 0.001) and unspecified disorders of the brain (8.1%, 5.7-10.5%, pFDR < 0.001) when compared to the pre-admission proportion. During hospitalization, the relative risk of disorders of consciousness (22%, 19-25%), cerebrovascular diseases (24%, 13-35%), nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (34%, 20-50%), encephalitis and/or myelitis (37%, 17-60%) and myopathy (72%, 67-77%) were higher for patients with severe COVID-19 when compared to those who never experienced severe COVID-19. Leveraging a multinational network to capture standardized EHR data, we highlighted the increased prevalence of central and peripheral neurological phenotypes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, particularly among those with severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang T Le
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jiyeon Son
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Biomedical Science Tower 3, Suite 7014, 3501 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Chuan Hong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew M South
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Ne Hooi Will Loh
- Department of Critical Care, National University Health Systems, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michele Morris
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kee Yuan Ngiam
- Department of Surgery, National University Health Systems, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lav P Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Emily Schriver
- Data Analytics Center, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amelia L M Tan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Moore
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tianxi Cai
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gilbert S Omenn
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paul Avillach
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isaac S Kohane
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shyam Visweswaran
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Danielle L Mowery
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zongqi Xia
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Biomedical Science Tower 3, Suite 7014, 3501 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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5
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Claassen J, Akbari Y, Alexander S, Bader MK, Bell K, Bleck TP, Boly M, Brown J, Chou SHY, Diringer MN, Edlow BL, Foreman B, Giacino JT, Gosseries O, Green T, Greer DM, Hanley DF, Hartings JA, Helbok R, Hemphill JC, Hinson HE, Hirsch K, Human T, James ML, Ko N, Kondziella D, Livesay S, Madden LK, Mainali S, Mayer SA, McCredie V, McNett MM, Meyfroidt G, Monti MM, Muehlschlegel S, Murthy S, Nyquist P, Olson DM, Provencio JJ, Rosenthal E, Sampaio Silva G, Sarasso S, Schiff ND, Sharshar T, Shutter L, Stevens RD, Vespa P, Videtta W, Wagner A, Ziai W, Whyte J, Zink E, Suarez JI. Proceedings of the First Curing Coma Campaign NIH Symposium: Challenging the Future of Research for Coma and Disorders of Consciousness. Neurocrit Care 2021; 35:4-23. [PMID: 34236619 PMCID: PMC8264966 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-021-01260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Coma and disorders of consciousness (DoC) are highly prevalent and constitute a burden for patients, families, and society worldwide. As part of the Curing Coma Campaign, the Neurocritical Care Society partnered with the National Institutes of Health to organize a symposium bringing together experts from all over the world to develop research targets for DoC. The conference was structured along six domains: (1) defining endotype/phenotypes, (2) biomarkers, (3) proof-of-concept clinical trials, (4) neuroprognostication, (5) long-term recovery, and (6) large datasets. This proceedings paper presents actionable research targets based on the presentations and discussions that occurred at the conference. We summarize the background, main research gaps, overall goals, the panel discussion of the approach, limitations and challenges, and deliverables that were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, MHB 8 Center, Room 300, New York City, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Yama Akbari
- Departments of Neurology, Neurological Surgery, and Anatomy & Neurobiology and Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sheila Alexander
- Acute and Tertiary Care, School of Nursing and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Kathleen Bell
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Bleck
- Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Melanie Boly
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeremy Brown
- Office of Emergency Care Research, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sherry H-Y Chou
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael N Diringer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian L Edlow
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brandon Foreman
- Departments of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph T Giacino
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Gosseries
- GIGA Consciousness After Coma Science Group, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Theresa Green
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - David M Greer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F Hanley
- Division of Brain Injury Outcomes, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jed A Hartings
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Raimund Helbok
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Claude Hemphill
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H E Hinson
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Karen Hirsch
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Theresa Human
- Department of Pharmacy, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael L James
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nerissa Ko
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Kondziella
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Livesay
- College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lori K Madden
- Center for Nursing Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Shraddha Mainali
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephan A Mayer
- Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Victoria McCredie
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Department of Respirology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Molly M McNett
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Geert Meyfroidt
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven and University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin M Monti
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Psychology, Brain Injury Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susanne Muehlschlegel
- Departments of Neurology, Anesthesiology/Critical Care, and Surgery, Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Santosh Murthy
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Paul Nyquist
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - DaiWai M Olson
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - J Javier Provencio
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Eric Rosenthal
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gisele Sampaio Silva
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital and Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Sarasso
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas D Schiff
- Department of Neurology and Brain Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Tarek Sharshar
- Department of Intensive Care, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Lori Shutter
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert D Stevens
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul Vespa
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Walter Videtta
- National Hospital Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Amy Wagner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wendy Ziai
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Whyte
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Zink
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jose I Suarez
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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6
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Carcamo Garcia MH, Garcia Choza DD, Salazar Linares BJ, Diaz MM. Neurological manifestations of patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 attending a public hospital in Lima, Peru. eNeurologicalSci 2021; 23:100338. [PMID: 33875971 PMCID: PMC8046428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2021.100338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and characteristics of the most common neurological manifestations in Peruvian patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a single-center prospective, cross-sectional study at an isolation center functioning as a public acute-care hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lima, the capital city of Peru. This was a convenience sample of patients with acute COVID-19 infection and mild-to-moderate respiratory symptoms who presented for hospital admission between September 25 and November 25, 2020. We interviewed participants and collected demographic, medical history and clinical presentation data; all participants underwent a complete physical and neurological examination. Descriptive statistics and prevalence ratios (PR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals and p-values were calculated to explore between-groups differences. RESULTS Of 199 patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 enrolled in this study, 83% presented with at least one neurological symptom (mean symptom duration 8 +/- 6 days). The most common neurological symptoms were headache (72%), hypogeusia or ageusia (41%), hyposmia or anosmia (40%) and dizziness (34%). Only 2.5% of the cohort had an abnormal neurological examination. The majority (42%) had no prior comorbidities. Presence of at least 1 neurological symptom was independently associated with fever, dyspnea, cough, poor appetite, sore throat, chest tightness or diarrhea, but not with comorbid conditions. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study found that headaches, and smell and taste dysfunction are common among patients presenting with mild-to-moderate acute COVID-19 in Lima, Peru. International longitudinal studies are needed to determine the long-term neurological sequelae of COVID-19 during the acute and post-infectious period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco H. Carcamo Garcia
- Epidemiology, STD, and HIV Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Care and Isolation Center for COVID-19 Patients Villa Panamericana, EsSalud - Social Health Insurance Institute, Lima, Peru
| | - Diego D. Garcia Choza
- Care and Isolation Center for COVID-19 Patients Villa Panamericana, EsSalud - Social Health Insurance Institute, Lima, Peru
- Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - Brenda J. Salazar Linares
- Care and Isolation Center for COVID-19 Patients Villa Panamericana, EsSalud - Social Health Insurance Institute, Lima, Peru
- Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - Monica M. Diaz
- Epidemiology, STD, and HIV Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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7
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Chou SHY, Beghi E, Helbok R, Moro E, Sampson J, Altamirano V, Mainali S, Bassetti C, Suarez JI, McNett M. Global Incidence of Neurological Manifestations Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19-A Report for the GCS-NeuroCOVID Consortium and the ENERGY Consortium. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2112131. [PMID: 33974053 PMCID: PMC8114143 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance The COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect millions of people globally, with increasing reports of neurological manifestations but limited data on their incidence and associations with outcome. Objective To determine the neurological phenotypes, incidence, and outcomes among adults hospitalized with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study included patients with clinically diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 at 28 centers, representing 13 countries and 4 continents. The study was performed by the Global Consortium Study of Neurologic Dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID) from March 1 to September 30, 2020, and the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) Neuro-COVID Registry (ENERGY) from March to October 2020. Three cohorts were included: (1) the GCS-NeuroCOVID all COVID-19 cohort (n = 3055), which included consecutive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with and without neurological manifestations; (2) the GCS-NeuroCOVID COVID-19 neurological cohort (n = 475), which comprised consecutive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who had confirmed neurological manifestations; and (3) the ENERGY cohort (n = 214), which included patients with COVID-19 who received formal neurological consultation. Exposures Clinically diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Main Outcomes and Measures Neurological phenotypes were classified as self-reported symptoms or neurological signs and/or syndromes assessed by clinical evaluation. Composite incidence was reported for groups with at least 1 neurological manifestation. The main outcome measure was in-hospital mortality. Results Of the 3055 patients in the all COVID-19 cohort, 1742 (57%) were men, and the mean age was 59.9 years (95% CI, 59.3-60.6 years). Of the 475 patients in the COVID-19 neurological cohort, 262 (55%) were men, and the mean age was 62.6 years (95% CI, 61.1-64.1 years). Of the 214 patients in the ENERGY cohort, 133 (62%) were men, and the mean age was 67 years (95% CI, 52-78 years). A total of 3083 of 3743 patients (82%) across cohorts had any neurological manifestation (self-reported neurological symptoms and/or clinically captured neurological sign and/or syndrome). The most common self-reported symptoms included headache (1385 of 3732 patients [37%]) and anosmia or ageusia (977 of 3700 patients [26%]). The most prevalent neurological signs and/or syndromes were acute encephalopathy (1845 of 3740 patients [49%]), coma (649 of 3737 patients [17%]), and stroke (222 of 3737 patients [6%]), while meningitis and/or encephalitis were rare (19 of 3741 patients [0.5%]). Presence of clinically captured neurologic signs and/or syndromes was associated with increased risk of in-hospital death (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.99; 95% CI, 4.33-8.28) after adjusting for study site, age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Presence of preexisting neurological disorders (aOR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.80-2.75) was associated with increased risk of developing neurological signs and/or syndromes with COVID-19. Conclusions and Relevance In this multicohort study, neurological manifestations were prevalent among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Preexisting neurological disorders were associated with increased risk of developing neurological signs and/or syndromes in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry H-Y Chou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ettore Beghi
- Laboratorio di Malattie Neurologiche, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Raimund Helbok
- Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care Unit, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elena Moro
- Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Grenoble, France
| | - Joshua Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Valeria Altamirano
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Claudio Bassetti
- Department of Neurology, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jose I Suarez
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Molly McNett
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus
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8
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Ravindra VM, Grandhi R, Delic A, Hohmann S, Shippey E, Tirschwell D, Frontera JA, Yaghi S, Majersik JJ, Anadani M, de Havenon A. Impact of COVID-19 on the hospitalization, treatment, and outcomes of intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage in the United States. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248728. [PMID: 33852591 PMCID: PMC8046225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the outcomes of adult patients with spontaneous intracranial and subarachnoid hemorrhage diagnosed with comorbid COVID-19 infection in a large, geographically diverse cohort. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis using the Vizient Clinical Data Base. We separately compared two cohorts of patients with COVID-19 admitted April 1-October 31, 2020-patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and those with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-with control patients with ICH or SAH who did not have COVID-19 admitted at the same hospitals in 2019. The primary outcome was in-hospital death. Favorable discharge and length of hospital and intensive-care stay were the secondary outcomes. We fit multivariate mixed-effects logistic regression models to our outcomes. RESULTS There were 559 ICH-COVID patients and 23,378 ICH controls from 194 hospitals. In the ICH-COVID cohort versus controls, there was a significantly higher proportion of Hispanic patients (24.5% vs. 8.9%), Black patients (23.3% vs. 20.9%), nonsmokers (11.5% vs. 3.2%), obesity (31.3% vs. 13.5%), and diabetes (43.4% vs. 28.5%), and patients had a longer hospital stay (21.6 vs. 10.5 days), a longer intensive-care stay (16.5 vs. 6.0 days), and a higher in-hospital death rate (46.5% vs. 18.0%). Patients with ICH-COVID had an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.43 [1.96-3.00] for the outcome of death and an aOR of 0.55 [0.44-0.68] for favorable discharge. There were 212 SAH-COVID patients and 5,029 controls from 119 hospitals. The hospital (26.9 vs. 13.4 days) and intensive-care (21.9 vs. 9.6 days) length of stays and in-hospital death rate (42.9% vs. 14.8%) were higher in the SAH-COVID cohort compared with controls. Patients with SAH-COVID had an aOR of 1.81 [1.26-2.59] for an outcome of death and an aOR of 0.54 [0.37-0.78] for favorable discharge. CONCLUSIONS Patients with spontaneous ICH or SAH and comorbid COVID infection were more likely to be a racial or ethnic minority, diabetic, and obese and to have higher rates of death and longer hospital length of stay when compared with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay M. Ravindra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ramesh Grandhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Alen Delic
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Samuel Hohmann
- Research Analytics, Vizient Inc., Irving, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ernie Shippey
- Research Analytics, Vizient Inc., Irving, Texas, United States of America
| | - David Tirschwell
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Frontera
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shadi Yaghi
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Majersik
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Anadani
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Adam de Havenon
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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9
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Beghi E, Michael BD, Solomon T, Westenberg E, Winkler AS, Global COVID‐19 Neuro Research Coalition. Approaches to understanding COVID-19 and its neurological associations. Ann Neurol 2021; 89:1059-1067. [PMID: 33836104 PMCID: PMC8250622 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is an accumulating volume of research into neurological manifestations of COVID-19. However, inconsistent study designs, inadequate controls, poorly-validated tests, and differing settings, interventions, and cultural norms weaken study quality, comparability, and thus the understanding of the spectrum, burden and pathophysiology of these complications. Therefore, a global COVID-19 Neuro Research Coalition, together with the WHO, has reviewed reports of COVID-19 neurological complications and harmonised clinical measures for future research. This will facilitate well-designed studies using precise, consistent case definitions of SARS-CoV2 infection and neurological complications, with standardised forms for pooled data analyses that non-specialists can use, including in low-income settings. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Beghi
- Laboratorio di Malattie Neurologiche, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Benedict D. Michael
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic InfectionsLiverpoolUK
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation TrustLiverpoolUK
| | - Tom Solomon
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic InfectionsLiverpoolUK
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation TrustLiverpoolUK
- Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Erica Westenberg
- Department of NeurologyCenter for Global Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Andrea S. Winkler
- Department of NeurologyCenter for Global Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of MunichMunichGermany
- Centre for Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of OsloOsloNorway
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10
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Edlow BL, Boly M, Chou SHY, Fischer D, Kondziella D, Li LM, Mac Donald CL, McNett M, Newcombe VFJ, Stevens RD, Menon DK. Common Data Elements for COVID-19 Neuroimaging: A GCS-NeuroCOVID Proposal. Neurocrit Care 2021; 34:365-370. [PMID: 33575956 PMCID: PMC7878171 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-021-01192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Edlow
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 175 Cambridge Street - Suite 300, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Melanie Boly
- Departments of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Sleep and Consciousness, Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sherry H-Y Chou
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Fischer
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 175 Cambridge Street - Suite 300, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Daniel Kondziella
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lucia M Li
- UK Dementia Research Institute - Centre for Health Care and Technology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Molly McNett
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Virginia F J Newcombe
- University Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert D Stevens
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David K Menon
- University Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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11
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Schober ME, Robertson CL, Wainwright MS, Roa JD, Fink EL. COVID-19 and the Pediatric Nervous System: Global Collaboration to Meet a Global Need. Neurocrit Care 2021; 35:283-290. [PMID: 34184177 PMCID: PMC8238033 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-021-01269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected mortality and morbidity across all ages, including children. It is now known that neurological manifestations of COVID-19, ranging from headaches to stroke, may involve the central and/or peripheral nervous system at any age. Neurologic involvement is also noted in the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, a pediatric condition that occurs weeks after infection with the causative virus of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Knowledge about mechanisms of neurologic disease is scarce but rapidly growing. COVID-19 neurologic manifestations may have particularly adverse impacts on the developing brain. Emerging data suggest a cohort of patients with COVID-19 will have longitudinal illness affecting their cognitive, physical, and emotional health, but little is known about the long-term impact on affected children and their families. Pediatric collaboratives have begun to provide important initial information on neuroimaging manifestations and the incidence of ischemic stroke in children with COVID 19. The Global Consortium Study of Neurologic Dysfunction in COVID-19-Pediatrics, a multinational collaborative, is working to improve understanding of the epidemiology, mechanisms of neurological manifestations, and the long-term implications of COVID-19 in children and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Elena Schober
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA ,University of Utah School of Medicine, PO Box 581289, Salt Lake City, UT 84158 USA
| | - Courtney Leigh Robertson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | | | - Juan David Roa
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia and Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ericka Linn Fink
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Critical Care, and Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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